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Hawa S, Bane S, Kinsler K, Rector A, Chaichian Y, Falasinnu T, Simard JF. Impact of Incentives on Physician Participation in Research Surveys: Randomized Experiment. JMIR Form Res 2024; 8:e54343. [PMID: 38743466 DOI: 10.2196/54343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Web-based surveys can be effective data collection instruments; however, participation is notoriously low, particularly among professionals such as physicians. Few studies have explored the impact of varying amounts of monetary incentives on survey completion. OBJECTIVE This study aims to conduct a randomized study to assess how different incentive amounts influenced survey participation among neurologists in the United States. METHODS We distributed a web-based survey using standardized email text to 21,753 individuals randomly divided into 5 equal groups (≈4351 per group). In phase 1, each group was assigned to receive either nothing or a gift card for US $10, $20, $50, or $75, which was noted in the email subject and text. After 4 reminders, phase 2 began and each remaining individual was offered a US $75 gift card to complete the survey. We calculated and compared the proportions who completed the survey by phase 1 arm, both before and after the incentive change, using a chi-square test. As a secondary outcome, we also looked at survey participation as opposed to completion. RESULTS For the 20,820 emails delivered, 879 (4.2%) recipients completed the survey; of the 879 recipients, 622 (70.8%) were neurologists. Among the neurologists, most were male (412/622, 66.2%), White (430/622, 69.1%), non-Hispanic (592/622, 95.2%), graduates of American medical schools (465/622, 74.8%), and board certified (598/622, 96.1%). A total of 39.7% (247/622) completed their neurology residency more than 20 years ago, and 62.4% (388/622) practiced in an urban setting. For phase 1, the proportions of respondents completing the survey increased as the incentive amount increased (46/4185, 1.1%; 76/4165, 1.8%; 86/4160, 2.1%; 104/4162, 2.5%; and 119/4148, 2.9%, for US $0, $10, $20, $50, and $75, respectively; P<.001). In phase 2, the survey completion rate for the former US $0 arm increased to 3% (116/3928). Those originally offered US $10, $20, $50, and $75 who had not yet participated were less likely to participate compared with the former US $0 arm (116/3928, 3%; 90/3936, 2.3%; 80/3902, 2.1%; 88/3845, 2.3%; and 74/3878, 1.9%, for US $0, $10, $20, $50, and $75, respectively; P=.03). For our secondary outcome of survey participation, a trend similar to that of survey completion was observed in phase 1 (55/4185, 1.3%; 85/4165, 2%; 96/4160, 2.3%; 118/4162, 2.8%; and 135/4148, 3.3%, for US $0, $10, $20, $50, and $75, respectively; P<.001) and phase 2 (116/3928, 3%; 90/3936, 2.3%; 80/3902, 2.1%; 88/3845, 2.3%; and 86/3845, 2.2%, for US $0, $10, $20, $50, and $75, respectively; P=.10). CONCLUSIONS As expected, monetary incentives can boost physician survey participation and completion, with a positive correlation between the amount offered and participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saadiya Hawa
- Graduate Medical Education, Department of Internal Medicine, Weiss Memorial Hospital, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Shalmali Bane
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Kayla Kinsler
- Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Amadeia Rector
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Yashaar Chaichian
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Titilola Falasinnu
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Julia F Simard
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
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Yokoyama H, Kitano Y. Oral Frailty as a Risk Factor for Fall Incidents among Community-Dwelling People. Geriatrics (Basel) 2024; 9:54. [PMID: 38667521 PMCID: PMC11050511 DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics9020054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying older adults with a high risk of falling and providing them with appropriate intervention are vital measures for preventing fall incidents. Scholars report that oral frailty, a decline in oral function, is related to physical function; thus, it bears a potential association with fall risks. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between fall incidents and the status of physical and oral frailty among a sample of residents in Osaka Prefecture. SUBJECTS AND METHODS This study targeted community-dwelling people aged 50 years and older who responded to an annual questionnaire survey using a health app for 2 consecutive years, namely, 2020 and 2021. This study analyzed responses from 7591 (62 ± 7 years) participants and determined the status of their oral frailty and comprehensive and physical frailty using the Kihon Checklist. RESULTS In the 2020 and 2021 surveys, 17% and 19% of the participants exhibited oral frailty and experienced a fall in the previous year, respectively. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that oral frailty (adjusted odds ratio: 1.553) and physical frailty as well as low levels of awareness of frailty were significant explanatory variables of the occurrence of fall incidents during the subsequent year. CONCLUSIONS Future studies are required to elucidate the mechanisms by which oral frailty induces fall incidents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisayo Yokoyama
- Research Center for Urban Health and Sports, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan;
- Department of Environmental Physiology for Exercise, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Yugo Kitano
- Research Center for Urban Health and Sports, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan;
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Kim JP, Yang HJ, Kim B, Ryan K, Roberts LW. Understanding Physician's Perspectives on AI in Health Care: Protocol for a Sequential Multiple Assignment Randomized Vignette Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2024; 13:e54787. [PMID: 38573756 PMCID: PMC11027055 DOI: 10.2196/54787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the availability and performance of artificial intelligence (AI)-based clinical decision support (CDS) systems improve, physicians and other care providers poised to be on the front lines will be increasingly tasked with using these tools in patient care and incorporating their outputs into clinical decision-making processes. Vignette studies provide a means to explore emerging hypotheses regarding how context-specific factors, such as clinical risk, the amount of information provided about the AI, and the AI result, may impact physician acceptance and use of AI-based CDS tools. To best anticipate how such factors influence the decision-making of frontline physicians in clinical scenarios involving AI decision-support tools, hypothesis-driven research is needed that enables scenario testing before the implementation and deployment of these tools. OBJECTIVE This study's objectives are to (1) design an original, web-based vignette-based survey that features hypothetical scenarios based on emerging or real-world applications of AI-based CDS systems that will vary systematically by features related to clinical risk, the amount of information provided about the AI, and the AI result; and (2) test and determine causal effects of specific factors on the judgments and perceptions salient to physicians' clinical decision-making. METHODS US-based physicians with specialties in family or internal medicine will be recruited through email and mail (target n=420). Through a web-based survey, participants will be randomized to a 3-part "sequential multiple assignment randomization trial (SMART) vignette" detailing a hypothetical clinical scenario involving an AI decision support tool. The SMART vignette design is similar to the SMART design but adapted to a survey design. Each respondent will be randomly assigned to 1 of the possible vignette variations of the factors we are testing at each stage, which include the level of clinical risk, the amount of information provided about the AI, and the certainty of the AI output. Respondents will be given questions regarding their hypothetical decision-making in response to the hypothetical scenarios. RESULTS The study is currently in progress and data collection is anticipated to be completed in 2024. CONCLUSIONS The web-based vignette study will provide information on how contextual factors such as clinical risk, the amount of information provided about an AI tool, and the AI result influence physicians' reactions to hypothetical scenarios that are based on emerging applications of AI in frontline health care settings. Our newly proposed "SMART vignette" design offers several benefits not afforded by the extensively used traditional vignette design, due to the 2 aforementioned features. These advantages are (1) increased validity of analyses targeted at understanding the impact of a factor on the decision outcome, given previous outcomes and other contextual factors; and (2) balanced sample sizes across groups. This study will generate a better understanding of physician decision-making within this context. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/54787.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Paik Kim
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Hyun-Joon Yang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Bohye Kim
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Katie Ryan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Laura Weiss Roberts
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
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Klee B, Costa D, Frese T, Knoechelmann A, Meyer G, Meyer T, Purschke O, Schildmann J, Steckelberg A, Mikolajczyk R. To Remind or Not to Remind During Recruitment? An Analysis of an Online Panel in Germany. Int J Public Health 2024; 69:1606770. [PMID: 38586472 PMCID: PMC10996063 DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2024.1606770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective: To explore the role of reminders in recruiting and maintaining participation in an online panel. Methods: 50,045 individuals from five German federal states were invited by regular mail to participate in the online study "Health-Related Beliefs and Healthcare Experiences in Germany." Those who did not respond to the first attempt received a postal reminder. Comparisons of sociodemographic characteristics and responses were made between first-attempt respondents and those who enrolled after the second letter. Results: After the initial letter, 2,216 (4.4%, 95%CI: 4.3%-4.6%) registered for the study; after a reminder 1,130 (2.5%, 2.3%-2.6% of those reminded) enrolled. Minor sociodemographic differences were observed between the groups and the content of the responses did not differ. Second-attempt respondents were less likely to participate in subsequent questionnaires: 67.3% of first-attempt vs. 43.3% of second-attempt respondents participated in their fourth survey. Recruitment costs were 79% higher for second-attempt respondents. Conclusion: While reminders increased the number of participants, lower cost-effectiveness and higher attrition of second-attempt respondents support the use of single invitation only for studies with a similar design to ours when the overall participation is low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Klee
- Institute for Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics, Interdisciplinary Centre for Health Sciences, Medical Faculty of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany
| | - Daniela Costa
- Institute for Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics, Interdisciplinary Centre for Health Sciences, Medical Faculty of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany
| | - Thomas Frese
- Institute for General Medicine, Interdisciplinary Centre for Health Sciences, Medical Faculty of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany
| | - Anja Knoechelmann
- Institute of Medical Sociology, Interdisciplinary Centre for Health Sciences, Medical Faculty of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany
| | - Gabriele Meyer
- Institute for Health and Nursing Sciences, Interdisciplinary Centre for Health Sciences, Medical Faculty of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany
| | - Thorsten Meyer
- Institute for Rehabilitation Medicine, Interdisciplinary Centre for Health Sciences, Medical Faculty of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany
| | - Oliver Purschke
- Institute for Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics, Interdisciplinary Centre for Health Sciences, Medical Faculty of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany
| | - Jan Schildmann
- Institute for History and Ethics of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Centre for Health Sciences, Medical Faculty of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany
| | - Anke Steckelberg
- Institute for Health and Nursing Sciences, Interdisciplinary Centre for Health Sciences, Medical Faculty of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany
| | - Rafael Mikolajczyk
- Institute for Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics, Interdisciplinary Centre for Health Sciences, Medical Faculty of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany
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Jones G, Herrmann F, Bear A, Carhart-Harris R, Kettner H. The Relationship Between Changes in Mindfulness and Subsequent Changes in Well-Being Following Psychedelic Use: Prospective Cohort Study. JMIR Form Res 2024; 8:e54632. [PMID: 38437005 PMCID: PMC10949123 DOI: 10.2196/54632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
This study demonstrates that changes in mindfulness predict subsequent changes in well-being in a data set including individuals who recently engaged in psychedelic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grant Jones
- Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | | | - Adam Bear
- Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | | | - Hannes Kettner
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
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Munyaneza A, Patel VV, Gutierrez NR, Shi Q, Muhoza B, Kubwimana G, Ross J, Nsereko E, Murenzi G, Nyirazinyoye L, Mutesa L, Anastos K, Adedimeji A. Awareness and willingness to use pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention among men who have sex with men in Rwanda: findings from a web-based survey. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1325029. [PMID: 38496393 PMCID: PMC10940510 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1325029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) is a daily pill aimed at reducing HIV transmission risk when taken as prescribed. It's highly recommended for high-risk Men who have sex with Men (MSM). This study aimed to assess PrEP awareness and willingness to use it among Rwandan MSM, a critical aspect given PrEP's proven effectiveness. The findings are expected to inform policy decisions and further advance the implementation of PrEP strategies. Methods This is a cross-sectional study design that utilized a web-based survey conducted between April and June 2019 to assess awareness and willingness to use PrEP among sexually active MSM in Rwanda. A snowball sampling technique was used to recruit participants via social media such as WhatsApp and e-mail. Eligibility criteria included being sexually active, aged ≥18 years, self-identifying as MSM, residing in Rwanda, self-reported engagement in receptive or insertive anal sex in the last 12 months, and self-reported HIV-negative serostatus. We assessed two primary outcomes: PrEP awareness (having ever heard of PrEP) and willingness to use PrEP within one month of completing the survey. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify participant characteristics associated with PrEP awareness and willingness to use it. Results Out of 521 participants, the majority (73%) demonstrated awareness of PrEP. Factors linked to PrEP awareness included residing outside the capital, Kigali, being in the 18-29 age group, having higher education levels, perceiving a benefit from PrEP, and engaging in vaginal sex with a woman while using a condom in the last year. Additionally, 96% of participants expressed a strong willingness to use PrEP. Conclusion Rwandan MSM exhibits a high level of PrEP awareness, notably associated with factors like location, age, education, perceived benefits, and condom use. The study also revealed a strong willingness to use PrEP, indicating promising prospects for its adoption among this group. These findings highlight the need for targeted awareness campaigns, personalized interventions, and comprehensive sexual health education to promote PrEP adoption and strengthen HIV prevention efforts among Rwandan MSM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanase Munyaneza
- Research for Development (RD Rwanda), Kigali, Rwanda
- School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Viraj V. Patel
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Nataly Rios Gutierrez
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Qiuhu Shi
- New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | | | | | - Jonathan Ross
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Etienne Nsereko
- School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Gad Murenzi
- Research for Development (RD Rwanda), Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Laetitia Nyirazinyoye
- School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Leon Mutesa
- Research for Development (RD Rwanda), Kigali, Rwanda
- Center for Human Genetics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Kathryn Anastos
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Adebola Adedimeji
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
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Bonett S, Lin W, Sexton Topper P, Wolfe J, Golinkoff J, Deshpande A, Villarruel A, Bauermeister J. Assessing and Improving Data Integrity in Web-Based Surveys: Comparison of Fraud Detection Systems in a COVID-19 Study. JMIR Form Res 2024; 8:e47091. [PMID: 38214962 PMCID: PMC10818231 DOI: 10.2196/47091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Web-based surveys increase access to study participation and improve opportunities to reach diverse populations. However, web-based surveys are vulnerable to data quality threats, including fraudulent entries from automated bots and duplicative submissions. Widely used proprietary tools to identify fraud offer little transparency about the methods used, effectiveness, or representativeness of resulting data sets. Robust, reproducible, and context-specific methods of accurately detecting fraudulent responses are needed to ensure integrity and maximize the value of web-based survey research. OBJECTIVE This study aims to describe a multilayered fraud detection system implemented in a large web-based survey about COVID-19 attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors; examine the agreement between this fraud detection system and a proprietary fraud detection system; and compare the resulting study samples from each of the 2 fraud detection methods. METHODS The PhillyCEAL Common Survey is a cross-sectional web-based survey that remotely enrolled residents ages 13 years and older to assess how the COVID-19 pandemic impacted individuals, neighborhoods, and communities in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Two fraud detection methods are described and compared: (1) a multilayer fraud detection strategy developed by the research team that combined automated validation of response data and real-time verification of study entries by study personnel and (2) the proprietary fraud detection system used by the Qualtrics (Qualtrics) survey platform. Descriptive statistics were computed for the full sample and for responses classified as valid by 2 different fraud detection methods, and classification tables were created to assess agreement between the methods. The impact of fraud detection methods on the distribution of vaccine confidence by racial or ethnic group was assessed. RESULTS Of 7950 completed surveys, our multilayer fraud detection system identified 3228 (40.60%) cases as valid, while the Qualtrics fraud detection system identified 4389 (55.21%) cases as valid. The 2 methods showed only "fair" or "minimal" agreement in their classifications (κ=0.25; 95% CI 0.23-0.27). The choice of fraud detection method impacted the distribution of vaccine confidence by racial or ethnic group. CONCLUSIONS The selection of a fraud detection method can affect the study's sample composition. The findings of this study, while not conclusive, suggest that a multilayered approach to fraud detection that includes conservative use of automated fraud detection and integration of human review of entries tailored to the study's specific context and its participants may be warranted for future survey research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Bonett
- School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Willey Lin
- School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | | | - James Wolfe
- School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Jesse Golinkoff
- School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | | | - Antonia Villarruel
- School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - José Bauermeister
- School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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Crespi E, Heller J, Hardesty JJ, Nian Q, Sinamo JK, Welding K, Kennedy RD, Cohen JE. Exploring Different Incentive Structures Among US Adults Who Use e-Cigarettes to Optimize Retention in Longitudinal Web-Based Surveys: Case Study. J Med Internet Res 2023; 25:e49354. [PMID: 38090793 PMCID: PMC10753419 DOI: 10.2196/49354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Longitudinal cohort studies are critical for understanding the evolution of health-influencing behaviors, such as e-cigarette use, over time. Optimizing follow-up rates in longitudinal studies is necessary for ensuring high-quality data with sufficient power for analyses. However, achieving high rates of follow-up in web-based longitudinal studies can be challenging, even when monetary incentives are provided. OBJECTIVE This study compares participant progress through a survey and demographics for 2 incentive structures (conditional and hybrid unconditional-conditional) among US adults using e-cigarettes to understand the optimal incentive structure. METHODS The data used in this study are from a web-based longitudinal cohort study (wave 4; July to September 2022) of US adults (aged 21 years or older) who use e-cigarettes ≥5 days per week. Participants (N=1804) invited to the follow-up survey (median completion time=16 minutes) were randomly assigned into 1 of 2 incentive structure groups (n=902 each): (1) conditional (US $30 gift code upon survey completion) and (2) hybrid unconditional-conditional (US $15 gift code prior to survey completion and US $15 gift code upon survey completion). Chi-square tests assessed group differences in participant progress through 5 sequential stages of the survey (started survey, completed screener, deemed eligible, completed survey, and deemed valid) and demographics. RESULTS Of the 902 participants invited to the follow-up survey in each group, a higher proportion of those in the conditional (662/902, 73.4%) than the hybrid (565/902, 62.6%) group started the survey (P<.001). Of those who started the survey, 643 (97.1%) participants in the conditional group and 548 (97%) participants in the hybrid group completed the screener (P=.89), which was used each wave to ensure participants remained eligible. Of those who completed the screener, 555 (86.3%) participants in the conditional group and 446 (81.4%) participants in the hybrid group were deemed eligible for the survey (P=.02). Of those eligible, 514 (92.6%) participants from the conditional group and 401 (89.9%) participants from the hybrid group completed the survey and were deemed valid after data review (P=.14). Overall, more valid completions were yielded from the conditional (514/902, 57%) than the hybrid group (401/902, 44.5%; P<.001). Among those who validly completed the survey, no significant differences were found by group for gender, income, race, ethnicity, region, e-cigarette use frequency, past 30-day cigarette use, or number of waves previously completed. CONCLUSIONS Providing a US $30 gift code upon survey completion yielded higher rates of survey starts and completions than providing a US $15 gift code both before and after survey completion. These 2 methods yielded participants with similar demographics, suggesting that one approach is not superior in obtaining a balanced sample. Based on this case study, future web-based surveys examining US adults using e-cigarettes could consider providing the full incentive upon completion of the survey. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) RR2-10.2196/38732.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Crespi
- Institute for Global Tobacco Control, Department of Health, Behavior & Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Johanna Heller
- Institute for Global Tobacco Control, Department of Health, Behavior & Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Jeffrey J Hardesty
- Institute for Global Tobacco Control, Department of Health, Behavior & Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Qinghua Nian
- Institute for Global Tobacco Control, Department of Health, Behavior & Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Joshua K Sinamo
- Institute for Global Tobacco Control, Department of Health, Behavior & Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Kevin Welding
- Institute for Global Tobacco Control, Department of Health, Behavior & Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Ryan David Kennedy
- Institute for Global Tobacco Control, Department of Health, Behavior & Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Joanna E Cohen
- Institute for Global Tobacco Control, Department of Health, Behavior & Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
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Curzio O, Cori L, Bianchi F, Prinelli F, Galli M, Giacomelli A, Imiotti MC, Jesuthasan N, Recchia V, Adorni F. COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy among Unvaccinated Adults: A Cross-Sectional Exploratory Analysis of Vaccination Intentions in Italy Related to Fear of Infection. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1790. [PMID: 38140194 PMCID: PMC10747686 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11121790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
From the initial COVID-19 outbreak, Italy was the first Western country to be seriously affected by the pandemic. Understanding vaccine hesitancy can help efforts to achieve broad vaccination coverage. The objectives of this research were to determine the extent of vaccine hesitancy in Italy and to understand the characteristics of those segments of the population with some hesitancy. Between January and February 2021, 41,473 subjects answered the second questionnaire delivered in phase II of the web-based EPICOVID19 survey. Among the included adult volunteers living in Italy, 4653 (11.2%) reported having previously received at least one dose of the COVID-19 vaccine. In the sample of 36,820 respondents, all not vaccinated (age 51.1 ± 13.5; 59.7% female; 63.6% high level of education), the comparison between hesitant and inclined participants was accompanied by percentages and odds ratios. A total of 2449 individuals were hesitant (6.7% of the unvaccinated ones). Hesitancy was higher among women (OR = 1.48; 95%CI: 1.36-1.62); it was highest in the 50-59 and 40-49 age groups and among those with a lower educational level. A higher level of education was associated with a lower proportion of hesitancy (5.54%) compared with 9.44% among respondents with a low level of education (OR = 0.56; 95%CI: 0.46-0.68). Hesitancy was most common in subjects who did not report fear of infection (12.4%, OR = 4.0; 95%CI: 3.46-4.61). The results can guide the design of tailored information and communication campaigns through considering objective and subjective characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Curzio
- Institute of Clinical Physiology of the National Research Council (IFC-CNR), 56124 Pisa, Italy; (O.C.); (F.B.); (M.C.I.); (V.R.)
| | - Liliana Cori
- Institute of Clinical Physiology of the National Research Council (IFC-CNR), 56124 Pisa, Italy; (O.C.); (F.B.); (M.C.I.); (V.R.)
| | - Fabrizio Bianchi
- Institute of Clinical Physiology of the National Research Council (IFC-CNR), 56124 Pisa, Italy; (O.C.); (F.B.); (M.C.I.); (V.R.)
| | - Federica Prinelli
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies of the National Research Council (ITB-CNR), 20154 Segrate, Italy; (F.P.); (N.J.)
| | - Massimo Galli
- Third Division of Infectious Diseases, Fatebenefratelli Sacco Hospital, 20157 Milan, Italy; (M.G.); (A.G.); (F.A.)
| | - Andrea Giacomelli
- Third Division of Infectious Diseases, Fatebenefratelli Sacco Hospital, 20157 Milan, Italy; (M.G.); (A.G.); (F.A.)
| | - Maria Cristina Imiotti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology of the National Research Council (IFC-CNR), 56124 Pisa, Italy; (O.C.); (F.B.); (M.C.I.); (V.R.)
| | - Nithiya Jesuthasan
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies of the National Research Council (ITB-CNR), 20154 Segrate, Italy; (F.P.); (N.J.)
| | - Virginia Recchia
- Institute of Clinical Physiology of the National Research Council (IFC-CNR), 56124 Pisa, Italy; (O.C.); (F.B.); (M.C.I.); (V.R.)
| | - Fulvio Adorni
- Third Division of Infectious Diseases, Fatebenefratelli Sacco Hospital, 20157 Milan, Italy; (M.G.); (A.G.); (F.A.)
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He Y, Matsunaga M, Li Y, Kishi T, Tanihara S, Iwata N, Tabuchi T, Ota A. Classifying Schizophrenia Cases by Artificial Neural Network Using Japanese Web-Based Survey Data: Case-Control Study. JMIR Form Res 2023; 7:e50193. [PMID: 37966882 PMCID: PMC10687680 DOI: 10.2196/50193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Japan, challenges were reported in accurately estimating the prevalence of schizophrenia among the general population. Retrieving previous studies, we investigated that patients with schizophrenia were more likely to experience poor subjective well-being and various physical, psychiatric, and social comorbidities. These factors might have great potential for precisely classifying schizophrenia cases in order to estimate the prevalence. Machine learning has shown a positive impact on many fields, including epidemiology, due to its high-precision modeling capability. It has been applied in research on mental disorders. However, few studies have applied machine learning technology to the precise classification of schizophrenia cases by variables of demographic and health-related backgrounds, especially using large-scale web-based surveys. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study is to construct an artificial neural network (ANN) model that can accurately classify schizophrenia cases from large-scale Japanese web-based survey data and to verify the generalizability of the model. METHODS Data were obtained from a large Japanese internet research pooled panel (Rakuten Insight, Inc) in 2021. A total of 223 individuals, aged 20-75 years, having schizophrenia, and 1776 healthy controls were included. Answers to the questions in a web-based survey were formatted as 1 response variable (self-report diagnosed with schizophrenia) and multiple feature variables (demographic, health-related backgrounds, physical comorbidities, psychiatric comorbidities, and social comorbidities). An ANN was applied to construct a model for classifying schizophrenia cases. Logistic regression (LR) was used as a reference. The performances of the models and algorithms were then compared. RESULTS The model trained by the ANN performed better than LR in terms of area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (0.86 vs 0.78), accuracy (0.93 vs 0.91), and specificity (0.96 vs 0.94), while the model trained by LR showed better sensitivity (0.63 vs 0.56). Comparing the performances of the ANN and LR, the ANN was better in terms of area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (bootstrapping: 0.847 vs 0.773 and cross-validation: 0.81 vs 0.72), while LR performed better in terms of accuracy (0.894 vs 0.856). Sleep medication use, age, household income, and employment type were the top 4 variables in terms of importance. CONCLUSIONS This study constructed an ANN model to classify schizophrenia cases using web-based survey data. Our model showed a high internal validity. The findings are expected to provide evidence for estimating the prevalence of schizophrenia in the Japanese population and informing future epidemiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yupeng He
- Department of Public Health, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Masaaki Matsunaga
- Department of Public Health, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Yuanying Li
- Department of Public Health and Health Systems, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Taro Kishi
- Department of Psychiatry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Shinichi Tanihara
- Department of Public Health, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Nakao Iwata
- Department of Psychiatry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Takahiro Tabuchi
- Cancer Control Center, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsuhiko Ota
- Department of Public Health, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
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Kirtland K, Garvin W, Yan T, Cavazos M, Berzofsky M, Freedner N, Muldavin B, Levine B, Gamble S, Town M. Outcomes of Population Surveillance Data Collection Pilots and the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System: What Happens in Texas. Surv Pract 2023; 16:1-12. [PMID: 37753245 PMCID: PMC10518851 DOI: 10.29115/sp-2023-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Declining response rates and rising costs have prompted the search for alternatives to traditional random-digit dialing (RDD) interviews. In 2021, three Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) pilots were conducted in Texas: data collection using an RDD short message service (RDD SMS) text-messaging push-to-web pilot, an address-based push-to-web pilot, and an internet panel pilot. We used data from the three pilots and from the concurrent Texas BRFSS Computer Assisted Telephone Interview (CATI). We compared unweighted data from these four sources to demographic information from the American Community Survey (ACS) for Texas, comparing respondents' health information across the protocols as well as cost and response rates. Non-Hispanic White adults and college graduates disproportionately responded in all survey protocols. Comparing costs across protocols was difficult due to the differences in methods and overhead, but some cost comparisons could be made. The cost per complete for BRFSS/CATI ranged from $75 to $100, compared with costs per complete for address-based sampling ($31 to $39), RDD SMS ($12 to $20), and internet panel (approximately $25). There were notable differences among survey protocols and the ACS in age, race/ethnicity, education, and marital status. We found minimal differences in respondents' answers to heart disease-related questions; however, responses to flu vaccination questions differed by protocol. Comparable responses were encouraging. Properly weighted web-based data collection may help use data collected by new protocols as a supplement to future BRFSS efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - William Garvin
- Division of Population Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sonya Gamble
- Division of Population Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
| | - Machell Town
- Division of Population Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
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12
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Okemah J, Neunie S, Noble A, Wysham C. Impact on Knowledge, Competence, and Performance of a Faculty-Led Web-Based Educational Activity for Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity: Questionnaire Study Among Health Care Professionals and Analysis of Anonymized Patient Records. JMIR Form Res 2023; 7:e49115. [PMID: 37703084 PMCID: PMC10534284 DOI: 10.2196/49115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Strategies for managing type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity are evolving with the introduction of targeted therapies, including incretin-based dual agonists and growing knowledge of the importance of multidisciplinary care. Accessible, effective continuing medical education (CME) activities are required to ensure that health care professionals (HCPs) understand and can implement the most recent data to optimize patient outcomes. OBJECTIVE We aimed to measure changes in knowledge, competence, and self-reported performance and quantitatively evaluate changes in performance using anonymized patient data following participation in a web-based educational activity. The faculty-led CME-accredited activity was based on incretin-based dual agonists and patient education on T2D and obesity. The remaining educational gaps in this field were also identified. METHODS A CME-accredited, web-based, multidisciplinary (touchMDT) educational activity titled "The future for glycemic control and weight loss in T2D and obesity: Incretin-based dual-agonists and optimizing patient education" was developed. HCP knowledge, competence, and performance were assessed before and after the activity against Moore's expanded outcomes framework (levels 1-5), using self-reported questionnaires and by analyzing anonymized patient record data. RESULTS For evaluating knowledge and competence (50 respondents before and 50 learners after the activity), the mean number of correctly answered questions was significantly higher post activity (median 5.0, IQR 4.0-6.0 to 6.0, IQR 5.0-7.0; mean 4.98, SD 1.22 to 5.78, SD 1.13; P<.001). Modest, nonsignificant improvements in self-reported performance (N=50 respondents preactivity; N=50 learners postactivity) from before to after the activity were observed (median 4.0, IQR 3.25-4.0 to 4.0, IQR 4.0-4.0; mean 3.64, SD 0.69 to 3.76, SD 0.48; P=.32). PPatient data analysis indicated that patients were being treated more intensively postactivity: before the activity, the most commonly used treatment regimens were metformin monotherapy (13/50, 26%) and dual therapy with metformin plus injectable glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist (RA; 11/50, 22%); post activity, this changed to dual therapy with metformin plus injectable GLP-1 RA (12/50, 24%) and triple therapy with metformin plus injectable GLP-1 RA plus sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2i; 10/50, 20%). In addition, there was an increased number of referrals to a combination of specialists (physicians referred 27%, 8/30 of patients to ≥2 specialists before the activity and 36%, 10/28 to ≥2 specialists post activity). The remaining educational gaps included understanding the biology and psychology of obesity, efficacy and safety data for incretin-based dual agonists, and the role of the diabetes educator or diabetes care and education specialist in managing T2D and obesity. CONCLUSIONS This short, web-based CME activity on the management of T2D and obesity led to improvements in HCP knowledge, competence, and performance. Several remaining unmet needs were identified, which can be used to inform the content of future educational activities in this disease area.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sola Neunie
- touch Independent Medical Education, Stockport, Cheshire, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander Noble
- touch Independent Medical Education, Stockport, Cheshire, United Kingdom
| | - Carol Wysham
- Rockwood Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Spokane, WA, United States
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Haward B, Tatar O, Zhu P, Griffin-Mathieu G, McBride E, Waller J, Brotherton J, Lofters A, Mayrand MH, Perez S, Rosberger Z. Are Canadian Women Prepared for the Transition to Primary HPV Testing in Cervical Screening? A National Survey of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Beliefs. Curr Oncol 2023; 30:7055-7072. [PMID: 37504372 PMCID: PMC10378227 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30070512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
As Canadian provinces and territories prepare to transition to HPV-based primary screening for cervical cancer, failure to identify and address potential barriers to screening could hinder program implementation. We examined screening-eligible Canadians' attitudes towards and knowledge of cervical screening. A nationally representative sample of screening-eligible Canadians (N = 3724) completed a web-based survey in the summer of 2022. Oversampling ensured that half of the sample were underscreened for cervical cancer (>3 years since previous screening or never screened). The participants completed validated scales of cervical cancer, HPV, and HPV test knowledge and HPV test and self-sampling attitudes and beliefs. Between-group differences (underscreened vs. adequately screened) were calculated for scales and items using independent sample t-tests or chi-square tests. The underscreened participants (n = 1871) demonstrated significantly lower knowledge of cervical cancer, HPV, and the HPV test. The adequately screened participants (n = 1853) scored higher on the Confidence and Worries subscales of the HPV Test Attitudes and Beliefs Scale. The underscreened participants scored higher on the Personal Barriers and Social Norms subscales. The underscreened participants also endorsed greater Autonomy conferred by self-sampling. Our findings suggest important differential patterns of knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs between the underscreened and adequately screened Canadians. These findings highlight the need to develop targeted communication strategies and promote patient-centered, tailored approaches in cervical screening programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Haward
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research (LDI), Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Ovidiu Tatar
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research (LDI), Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
- Research Center, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Patricia Zhu
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research (LDI), Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Gabrielle Griffin-Mathieu
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research (LDI), Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Emily McBride
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Jo Waller
- Cancer Prevention Group, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Julia Brotherton
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VI 3010, Australia
| | - Aisha Lofters
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1V7, Canada
| | - Marie-Hélène Mayrand
- Research Center, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
- Département d'Obstétrique-Gynécologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Samara Perez
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (RI-MUHC), Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3T2, Canada
| | - Zeev Rosberger
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research (LDI), Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
- Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3T2, Canada
- Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1G1, Canada
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14
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Narayanan SP, Rath H, Mahapatra S, Mahakur M. Preparedness toward participation in disaster management: An online survey among dental practitioners in a disaster-prone region of Eastern India. J Educ Health Promot 2023; 12:68. [PMID: 37113417 PMCID: PMC10127487 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_914_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dentists are often overlooked resources in the workforce for disaster management (DM). To determine the knowledge, attitudes, willingness, and self-perceived effectiveness to participate in DM among general dental practitioners (GDPs) of Eastern India. MATERIALS AND METHODS A web-based online survey was conducted among 256 Dental Council of India registered GDPs of Cuttack district, Odisha. The 45-item survey comprised closed-ended questions on the demographic data of the participants, years of practice, previous experience in DM, and willingness to participate. Other domains assessed were the participants' objective knowledge of DM, attitude, and self-perceived effectiveness toward participation during disasters. Data were analyzed descriptively, and the Chi-square and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for statistical analysis, with a significance threshold of P < 0.05. RESULT A total of 154 responses were analyzed, giving a response rate of 60.16%. The average age was ≤35 years, 59.1% were BDS dentists and 78.6% had less than 10 years of practice. Only 18% of them had previous experience with DM, and merely 3.2% were formerly trained; however, 95.5% of the dentists were willing to participate in DM. The mean DM knowledge and attitude scores were 16.12 (CI = 15.4-16.8) and 5.79 (5.45-6.13), respectively. Knowledge and attitude showed a significant correlation. About 56% indicated that they would be able to respond effectively to a disastrous event. Significant associations were observed between age group (P = 0.008), years of clinical practice (P = 0.001), qualification (P = 0.012), previous participation (P = 0.029), and self-perceived effectiveness. CONCLUSION The knowledge regarding DM among respondents was at an average level. However, the majority of them were found to have a positive attitude toward participation in DM. Thus, including DM in dental curricula and drills for dental professionals might prove beneficial as almost all GDPs were showing greater self-perceived effectiveness and willingness to participate in disasters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sri Priya Narayanan
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, S.C.B Dental College and Hospital, Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | - Hemamalini Rath
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, S.C.B Dental College and Hospital, Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | - Shilpa Mahapatra
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, S.C.B Dental College and Hospital, Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | - Manoranjan Mahakur
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, S.C.B Dental College and Hospital, Cuttack, Odisha, India
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Yokoyama H, Imai D, Suzuki Y, Ogita A, Watanabe H, Kawabata H, Miyake T, Yoshii I, Tsubouchi S, Matsuura Y, Okazaki K. Health Literacy among Japanese College Students: Association with Healthy Lifestyle and Subjective Health Status. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11. [PMID: 36900709 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11050704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The improvement of health literacy (HL) is a critical issue for college students who are in the transitional period to adulthood and are establishing their subsequent lifestyles. The present study aimed to evaluate the current state of HL among college students and to explore the factors that influence HL. Moreover, it investigated the relationship between HL and health conditions. For this study, the researchers conducted an online survey of college students. The questionnaire consisted of the Japanese version of the 47-item European Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire (HLS-EU-Q47), which is a self-assessment tool for HL that covers the major health issues of college students and health-related quality of life. The study analyzed 1049 valid responses. Based on the HLS-EU-Q47 total score, 85% of the participants exhibited problematic or unsatisfactory HL levels. Participants who reported high levels of healthy lifestyles obtained high HL scores. High levels of HL were associated with high levels of subjective health. Results from quantitative text analysis suggested that specific mindsets were correlated with high levels of competency in appraising health information among male students. In the future, educational intervention programs for college students need to be established to improve HL levels.
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Oshima K. People's Willingness to Pay for Dental Checkups and the Associated Individual Characteristics: A Nationwide Web-Based Survey among Japanese Adults. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:4145. [PMID: 36901149 PMCID: PMC10001831 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the willingness-to-pay (WTP) values for dental checkups and analyze the association between the values and individual characteristics. This cross-sectional study was conducted using a nationwide web-based survey, and 3336 participants were allocated into groups that received regular dental checkups (RDC; n = 1785) and those who did not (non-RDC; n = 1551). There was a statistically significant difference in the WTP value for dental checkups between the RDC (median: 3000 yen [22.51 USD]) and non-RDC groups (2000 yen [15.01 USD]). In the RDC group, age 50-59 years, household income <2 million yen, homemaker and part-time worker employment status, and having children were significantly associated with decreased WTP values; male sex, household incomes ≥8 million yen, and tooth brushing ≥3 times daily were associated with increased WTP values. In the non-RDC group, age ≥30 years, household incomes <4 million yen, and having ≥28 teeth were significantly associated with decreased WTP values; household income ≥8 million yen was associated with increased WTP values. Conclusively, WTP values for dental checkups were lower in the non-RDC group than in the RDC group; in the non-RDC group, those with lower household income aged ≥30 years were more likely to propose lower WTP values, suggesting the need for policy intervention to improve access to RDC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuo Oshima
- Department of Dental Technology, The Nippon Dental University College, Tokyo 102-8159, Japan
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17
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Shiyab W, Ferguson C, Rolls K, Halcomb E. Solutions to address low response rates in online surveys. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs 2023; 22:441-444. [PMID: 36827086 DOI: 10.1093/eurjcn/zvad030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Online surveys are increasingly popular in research given their cost-effectiveness and potential reach. However, low response rates remain a key contributor to bias and the overall quality of results. Having a well-designed survey, providing financial remuneration, sending personalized invitations, having regular reminders, and using more than one recruitment strategy are evidence-based approaches to improve response rates. Given the potential for illegitimate responses, approaches that minimize illegitimate participation are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wa'ed Shiyab
- PhD candidate, School of Nursing, Faculty of Science, Medicine & Health University of Wollongong, Illawarra Health & Medical Research Institute, Northfields Ave Wollongong NSW 2522 P: +61 2 4221 3784
| | - Caleb Ferguson
- NHMRC Emerging Leadership Fellow, Associate Head of School (Research), Principal Research Fellow, School of Nursing, Faculty of Science, Medicine & Health, University of Wollongong, Illawarra Health & Medical Research Institute, Northfields Ave Wollongong NSW 2522
| | - Kaye Rolls
- Lecturer, School of Nursing, University of Wollongong, Northfields Ave Wollongong NSW 2522
| | - Elizabeth Halcomb
- Professor of Primary Health Care Nursing, School of Nursing, Faculty of Science, Medicine & Health, University of Wollongong, Illawarra Health & Medical Research Institute, Northfields Ave Wollongong NSW 2522
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Sanchez T, Mavragani A, Date H, Kitayama S, Nakayama Y, Kimura M, Fujita H, Miyachi M. Regional Difference in the Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Domain-Specific Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, Sleeping Time, and Step Count: Web-Based Cross-sectional Nationwide Survey and Accelerometer-Based Observational Study. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2023; 9:e39992. [PMID: 36634262 PMCID: PMC9953987 DOI: 10.2196/39992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) have been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and its restrictive environments, such as social distancing and lockdown measures. However, regional differences in the changes in domain-specific PA and SB in response to the COVID-19 pandemic are not clearly understood. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine regional differences in domain-specific PA and SB, as well as sleeping time in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan. METHODS A web-based cross-sectional nationwide survey and an accelerometer-based longitudinal observation were conducted. In the web-based survey, we recruited 150 Japanese men and 150 Japanese women for each of the following age groups: 20s, 30s, 40s, 50s, 60s, and 70s (n=1800). A total of 1627 adults provided valid responses to web-based surveillance from June to July 2020. Participants were recruited from urban (Greater Tokyo Area, n=1028), urban-rural (regional core cities, n=459), or rural (regional small and medium cities, n=140) areas. They answered sociodemographic and health-related questions and retrospectively registered the PA data of their average day before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in a web-based PA record system. In the accelerometer-based observation, PA and step count data were obtained using a triaxial accelerometer on people living in urban (n=370) and rural (n=308) areas. RESULTS Before the COVID-19 pandemic, there were no significant differences between these 3 regions in the time spent sleeping, staying at home, working or studying, and exercising (P>.05). By contrast, people living in urban areas had a longer duration of SB and transportation and a shorter duration of moderate-to-vigorous PA and lying or napping time compared with people living in rural areas (P>.05). During the COVID-19 pandemic, a significant decrease was observed in transportation time in urban (-7.2 min/day, P<.001) and urban-rural (-2.0 min/day, P=.009) areas but not in rural (-0.4 min/day, P=.52) areas. The moderate-to-vigorous PA was decreased in urban (-31.3 min/day, P<.001) and urban-rural (-30.0 min/day, P<.001) areas but not in rural areas (-17.3 min/day, P=.08). A significant increase was observed in time spent sleeping in urban (+22.4 min/day, P<.001) and urban-rural (+24.2 min/day, P<.001) but not in rural areas (+3.9 min/day, P=.74). Lying or napping was increased in urban (+14.9 min/day, P<.001) but not in rural areas (-6.9 min/day, P=.68). PA and step count obtained using an accelerometer significantly decreased in urban (P<.05) but not in rural areas (P>.05). CONCLUSIONS The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on PA and SB was significantly dependent on living area, even in a single country. The effects of PA and SB were greater in the Greater Tokyo Area and regional core cities but were not observed in regional small and medium cities in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Heiwa Date
- Faculty of Data Science, Shiga University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Shinobu Kitayama
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Yui Nakayama
- Department of Physical Activity Research, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan
| | - Misaka Kimura
- Institute for Active Health, Kyoto University of Advanced Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Fujita
- Institute for Active Health, Kyoto University of Advanced Science, Kyoto, Japan
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Delgado-Ron JA, Jeyabalan T, Watt S, Black S, Gumprich M, Salway T. Sampling Sexual and Gender Minority Youth With UnACoRN (Understanding Affirming Communities, Relationships, and Networks): Lessons From a Web-Based Survey. J Med Internet Res 2023; 25:e44175. [PMID: 36633900 PMCID: PMC9893884 DOI: 10.2196/44175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodic surveys of sexual and gender minority (SGM) populations are essential for monitoring and investigating health inequities. Recent legislative efforts to ban so-called conversion therapy make it necessary to adapt youth surveys to reach a wider range of SGM populations, including those <18 years of age and those who may not adopt an explicit two-spirit, lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (2S/LGBTQ) identity. OBJECTIVE We aimed to share our experiences in recruiting SGM youth through multiple in-person and online channels and to share lessons learned for future researchers. METHODS The Understanding Affirming Communities, Relationships, and Networks (UnACoRN) web-based survey collected anonymous data in English and French from 9679 mostly SGM respondents in the United States and Canada. Respondents were recruited from March 2022 to August 2022 using word-of-mouth referrals, leaflet distribution, bus advertisements, and paid and unpaid campaigns on social media and a pornography website. We analyzed the metadata provided by these and other online resources we used for recruitment (eg, Bitly and Qualtrics) and describe the campaign's effectiveness by recruitment venue based on calculating the cost per completed survey and other secondary metrics. RESULTS Most participants were recruited through Meta (13,741/16,533, 83.1%), mainly through Instagram; 88.96% (visitors: 14,888/18,179) of our sample reached the survey through paid advertisements. Overall, the cost per survey was lower for Meta than Pornhub or the bus advertisements. Similarly, the proportion of visitors who started the survey was higher for Meta (8492/18,179, 46.7%) than Pornhub (58/18,179, 1.02%). Our subsample of 7037 residents of Canada had a similar geographic distribution to the general population, with an average absolute difference in proportion by province or territory of 1.4% compared to the Canadian census. Our US subsample included 2521 participants from all US states and the District of Columbia. A total of CAD $8571.58 (the currency exchange rate was US $1=CAD $1.25) was spent across 4 paid recruitment channels (Facebook, Instagram, PornHub, and bus advertisements). The most cost-effective tool of recruitment was Instagram, with an average cost per completed survey of CAD $1.48. CONCLUSIONS UnACoRN recruited nearly 10,000 SGM youth in the United States and Canada, and the cost per survey was CAD $1.48. Researchers using online recruitment strategies should be aware of the differences in campaign management each website or social media platform offers and be prepared to engage with their framing (content selection and delivery) to correct any imbalances derived from it. Those who focus on SGM populations should consider how 2S/LGBTQ-oriented campaigns might deter participation from cisgender or heterosexual people or SGM people not identifying as 2S/LGBTQ, if relevant to their research design. Finally, those with limited resources may select fewer venues with lower cost per completed survey or that appeal more to their specific audience, if needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Andrés Delgado-Ron
- Reaffirm Collaborative, Centre for Gender and Sexual Health Equity, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Thiyaana Jeyabalan
- Reaffirm Collaborative, Centre for Gender and Sexual Health Equity, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Sarah Watt
- Reaffirm Collaborative, Centre for Gender and Sexual Health Equity, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Stéphanie Black
- Reaffirm Collaborative, Centre for Gender and Sexual Health Equity, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Martha Gumprich
- Reaffirm Collaborative, Centre for Gender and Sexual Health Equity, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Travis Salway
- Reaffirm Collaborative, Centre for Gender and Sexual Health Equity, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Kato M, Tsuda H, Chen Y, Tsuji T, Nishigaki N. The Burden of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Traits in Adult Patients with Major Depressive Disorder in Japan. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2023; 19:1055-1067. [PMID: 37153353 PMCID: PMC10162103 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s399915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often overlap with and are hidden by those of mood disorders, including major depressive disorder (MDD), resulting in adult ADHD patients being misdiagnosed as MDD. This study aims to examine if diagnosed MDD patients are more likely to exhibit ADHD traits and if the presence of ADHD traits increases the humanistic burden, including the impairment of health-related quality of life (HRQoL), work productivity and activity impairment (WPAI), and health-care resource utilization (HRU), on MDD patients in Japan. Methods This study utilized existing National Health and Wellness Survey (NHWS) data. The 2016 Japan NHWS is an internet-based survey comprising a total of 39,000 respondents, including those with MDD and/or ADHD. A randomly selected subset of the respondents responded to the Japanese-version Adult ADHD self-report scale (ASRS-v1.1; ASRS-J) symptom checklist. Respondents were considered ASRS-J-positive if the total score was ≥36. The HRQoL, WPAI, and HRU were assessed. Results Among MDD patients (n = 267), 19.9% were screened ASRS-J-positive, while 4.0% of non-MDD respondents (n = 8885) were ASRS-J-positive. There was a significant association between MDD status and ASRS-J status (crude odds-ratio [OR]: 5.9) as well as between MDD status and ADHD-diagnosis status (crude OR: 22.6). MDD patients who were ASRS-J positive experienced significantly lower HRQoL and higher WPAI than those who were ASRS-J negative. Limitations of this study include potential recall bias owing to the self-report nature of the survey and lack of objective confirmation of MDD diagnosis through review of medical records. Conclusion This study demonstrated a significant association between MDD status and exhibiting ADHD traits. Adult MDD patients screened ASRS-J-positive experienced significantly higher humanistic burden than patients screened ASRS-J-negative. Our results emphasize the importance of ensuring appropriate screening of ADHD and looking out for potentially hidden ADHD symptoms when diagnosing and treating MDD in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Kato
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tsuda
- Japan Medical Office, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Toho University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Clinical Research, Innovation and Education Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | | | - Toshinaga Tsuji
- Medical Affairs Department, Shionogi & Co. Ltd, Osaka, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Nishigaki
- Japan Medical Office, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Tokyo, Japan
- Correspondence: Nobuhiro Nishigaki, Japan Medical Office, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 1-1, Nihonbashi-Honcho 2-Chome, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 103-8668, Japan, Tel +81-80-9305-2077, Fax +81-3-3278-2925, Email
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21
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Dermitzakis EV, Kouroudi A, Argyriou AA, Spingos KC, Bilias K, Vikelis M. Results of a Web-Based Survey on 2105 Greek Migraine Patients-Second Part: Efficacy of Acute and Prophylactic Migraine Treatments and Corresponding Patients' Reported Satisfaction. Medicina (Kaunas) 2022; 59. [PMID: 36676655 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59010031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The Greek Society of Migraine and Headache Patients conducted, in 2020, its second online survey, titled "Migraine in Greece-2020", after publication of the first similar online survey conducted in 2018. To compare the current findings with the corresponding data obtained in 2018, we herein release the second part of results obtained from the 2020 survey on the efficacy of preventive and symptomatic anti-migraine medications and the patients' reported satisfaction with these treatments. Materials and Methods: We surveyed 2105 migraine patients from all over Greece with the use of a 151-questions specific migraine-focused questionnaire in Greek language, which was distributed through the online research software "SurveyMonkey". Results: Triptans were mostly used with efficacy for the symptomatic relief of migraine attacks. About 2 of 3 surveyed patients had received various prophylactic oral medications and the majority of them discontinued these prophylactic medications as a result of inefficacy/safety issues. BoNTA was reported to be effective only when administration was commenced by a trained neurologist/headache specialist, while our current findings are generally comparable to those obtained in our 2018 pre-COVID-19 survey and the pandemic has not imposed any significant attitudes on migraine therapies and corresponding patients' satisfaction. Conclusion: Although a market change is anticipated with the evolving widespread use of anti-CGRPs monoclonal antibodies or gepants in the symptomatic and prophylactic treatment of migraine, it is of great interest to review published results of larger longitudinal population-based studies to further ascertain the satisfaction of patients to migraine therapies.
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22
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Puntervoll H, Jenum P, Høye S, Tollånes M. Throat infections and use of streptococcal antigen test and antibiotic treatment in general practice; a web-based survey. Scand J Prim Health Care 2022; 40:466-473. [PMID: 36633353 PMCID: PMC9848276 DOI: 10.1080/02813432.2022.2144982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the use of streptococcal antigen tests and antibiotic prescription in general practice in Norway in relation to the national guidelines for sore throat. DESIGN This study was based on a web-based survey. SETTING Norwegian general practice. SUBJECTS 4700 members of the Norwegian College of General Practice received the survey by E-mail. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES General practitioner (GP) adherence to national guidelines. RESULTS In total, 807 GPs responded and were included in the study. According to the guidelines, 20% and 30% of the GPs would perform unnecessary streptococcal antigen testing when presented with mild and severe infections respectively, while 52% would not perform the test at moderate infection. Phenoxymethylpenicillin was recommended by 95% of the GPs. CONCLUSION In this survey of self-selected GPs, we identified some non-adherence to National guidelines for streptococcal antigen testing and antibiotic prescribing. However, when antibiotic treatment was offered, the correct antibiotics were prescribed.Key pointsNorwegian guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of throat infections include the use of Centor criteria as a clinical tool to limit the unnecessary use of antibiotics. In this web-based survey, we investigated the use of streptococcal antigen tests and antibiotic prescription in general practice in relation to the national guidelines.•Streptococcal antigen tests were not always performed according to Norwegian guidelines, causing inappropriate antibiotic prescribing.•National guidelines were followed in the choice of antibiotics for sore throat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanne Puntervoll
- The Norwegian Organization for Quality Improvement of Laboratory Examinations (Noklus), Bergen, Norway
- CONTACT Hanne Puntervoll Noklus, Haraldsplass Diconal Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Pål Jenum
- The Norwegian Organization for Quality Improvement of Laboratory Examinations (Noklus), Bergen, Norway
| | - Sigurd Høye
- The Antibiotic Centre for Primary Care, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mette Tollånes
- The Norwegian Organization for Quality Improvement of Laboratory Examinations (Noklus), Bergen, Norway
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Oshima K, Miura H, Tano R, Fukuda H. Characteristics of Individuals in Japan Who Regularly Manage Their Oral Health by Having a Family Dentist: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Web-Based Survey. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph191710479. [PMID: 36078196 PMCID: PMC9518108 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191710479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Dental healthcare systems may differ between countries; however, having a family dentist is generally important for proper oral health management. This study aims to analyze the proportion of people in Japan who have a family dentist, and their characteristics. A nationwide web-based survey with 3556 participants (1708 men and 1848 women) showed that 45.6% of men and 54.1% of women had a family dentist (FD group). A multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that men in the FD group mostly belonged to older age groups (≥70 s, OR: 2.41), received higher household incomes (≥8000 K JPY, OR: 1.47), brushed their teeth three or more times daily (OR: 1.60), practiced habitual interdental cleaning (OR: 3.66), and fewer lived in rural areas (towns and villages, OR: 0.52). Regarding the women, the majority belonged to older age groups (60 s, OR: 1.52; ≥70 s, OR: 1.73), practiced habitual interdental cleaning (OR: 3.68), and fewer received lower household incomes (<2000 K JPY, OR: 0.61). These results suggest that despite Japan being a country with a public insurance coverage system for both men and women, having a family dentist is associated with disparities in individual socioeconomic factors, particularly age and household income.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuo Oshima
- Department of Dental Technology, The Nippon Dental University College, Tokyo 102-8159, Japan
| | - Hiroko Miura
- Division of Disease Control and Epidemiology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Tobetsu 061-0293, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Rumi Tano
- Department of Health Promotion, National Institute of Public Health, Saitama 351-0197, Japan
| | - Hideki Fukuda
- National Institute of Public Health, Saitama 351-0197, Japan
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24
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Saito S, Qi R, Tran HTT, Suzuki K, Takiguchi T, Noto S, Ohde S, Takahashi O. A nationwide web-based survey of factors associated with depressive symptoms among Japanese workers. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2022; 68:1078-1089. [PMID: 33985382 DOI: 10.1177/00207640211017586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Precarious employment has affected mental health, and limited data are available on the association of low stress tolerance with depressive symptoms among Japanese workers. AIMS This study aimed to examine the relationship between stress tolerance and depressive symptoms among Japanese workers, including company employees, civil servants and self-employed persons in various industries. METHODS We conducted a nationwide cross-sectional study. From March 26 to April 6, 2020, we performed a web-based survey of Japanese workers. The questionnaire included questions on socioeconomic factors, the SOC scale that assesses stress tolerance, the CES-D, and the EQ-5D-5L. Multivariate regression analyses were performed to determine the factors associated with depressive symptoms. RESULTS We included 3,001 participants in the analysis. A high SOC score, adequate sleeping time and frequency of exercise were associated with higher depressive symptoms. Employment status and long working hours were not associated with depressive symptoms. Younger workers had lower SOC scores than older workers. An inverse correlation between the SOC score and CES-D score was found among Japanese workers. CONCLUSIONS Improving stress tolerance among younger workers is needed to prevent worsening mental health regardless of employment status for Japanese workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shota Saito
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Health Technology Assessment, St. Luke's International University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ruan Qi
- Field of Health Informatics and Business Administration, Graduate School, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Huyen Thi Thanh Tran
- Field of Health Informatics and Business Administration, Graduate School, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Kenji Suzuki
- Field of Health Informatics and Business Administration, Graduate School, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Toru Takiguchi
- Field of Health Informatics and Business Administration, Graduate School, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Shinichi Noto
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Sachiko Ohde
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Health Technology Assessment, St. Luke's International University, Tokyo, Japan.,Graduate School of Public Health, St. Luke's International University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Osamu Takahashi
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Health Technology Assessment, St. Luke's International University, Tokyo, Japan.,Graduate School of Public Health, St. Luke's International University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of General Internal Medicine, St. Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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25
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Oshima K, Miura H, Tano R, Fukuda H. Factors Associated with Regular Dental Checkups' Discontinuation during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Web-Based Survey in Japan. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph19052917. [PMID: 35270611 PMCID: PMC8910103 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19052917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Managing oral health through regular dental checkups (RDCs) can help prevent dental diseases. Our study aimed to investigate the proportion and characteristics of those who stopped receiving RDCs owing to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. A nationwide web-based survey in Japan in September 2021 (3556 participants) revealed that 62.4% of participants had habitually received RDCs before COVID-19. Of these (n = 2219), 71.5% had received RDCs since the pandemic and 28.5% had not. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed the following characteristics of those without RDCs since the pandemic: female (male, OR: 0.58, 95%CI: 0.45−0.74), lower household income (<2000 K JPY, OR: 1.45, 95%CI: 0.94−2.23; 2000 K−< 4000 K JPY, OR: 1.46, 95%CI: 1.08−1.98), fewer teeth (20−27, OR: 0.63, 95%CI: 0.39−1.03; ≥28, OR: 0.60, 95%CI: 0.36−0.98), and no interdental cleaning habits (OR: 0.51, 95%CI: 0.41−0.63). These results suggest that the disruption to RDCs owing to the pandemic is related to individual socioeconomic factors. Additionally, these individuals have poor oral health, which may be worsened by such barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuo Oshima
- Department of Dental Technology, The Nippon Dental University College, Tokyo 102-8159, Japan;
| | - Hiroko Miura
- Division of Disease Control and Epidemiology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Hokkaido 061-0293, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-133-23-1749
| | - Rumi Tano
- Department of Health Promotion, National Institute of Public Health, Saitama 351-0197, Japan;
| | - Hideki Fukuda
- National Institute of Public Health, Saitama 351-0197, Japan;
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Adorni F, Jesuthasan N, Perdixi E, Sojic A, Giacomelli A, Noale M, Trevisan C, Franchini M, Pieroni S, Cori L, Mastroianni CM, Bianchi F, Antonelli-Incalzi R, Maggi S, Galli M, Prinelli F. Epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Italy Using Real-World Data: Methodology and Cohort Description of the Second Phase of Web-Based EPICOVID19 Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:1274. [PMID: 35162295 PMCID: PMC8835202 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Digital technologies have been extensively employed in response to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic worldwide. This study describes the methodology of the two-phase internet-based EPICOVID19 survey, and the characteristics of the adult volunteer respondents who lived in Italy during the first (April-May 2020) and the second wave (January-February 2021) of the epidemic. Validated scales and ad hoc questionnaires were used to collect socio-demographic, medical and behavioural characteristics, as well as information on COVID-19. Among those who provided email addresses during phase I (105,355), 41,473 participated in phase II (mean age 50.7 years ± 13.5 SD, 60.6% females). After a median follow-up of ten months, 52.8% had undergone nasopharyngeal swab (NPS) testing and 13.2% had a positive result. More than 40% had undergone serological test (ST) and 11.9% were positive. Out of the 2073 participants with at least one positive ST, 72.8% had only negative results from NPS or never performed it. These results indicate that a large fraction of individuals remained undiagnosed, possibly contributing to the spread of the virus in the community. Participatory online surveys offer a unique opportunity to collect relevant data at individual level from large samples during confinement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulvio Adorni
- National Research Council, Institute of Biomedical Technologies, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20054 Segrate, Italy; (N.J.); (E.P.); (A.S.); (F.P.)
| | - Nithiya Jesuthasan
- National Research Council, Institute of Biomedical Technologies, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20054 Segrate, Italy; (N.J.); (E.P.); (A.S.); (F.P.)
| | - Elena Perdixi
- National Research Council, Institute of Biomedical Technologies, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20054 Segrate, Italy; (N.J.); (E.P.); (A.S.); (F.P.)
| | - Aleksandra Sojic
- National Research Council, Institute of Biomedical Technologies, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20054 Segrate, Italy; (N.J.); (E.P.); (A.S.); (F.P.)
| | - Andrea Giacomelli
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L. Sacco, Università di Milano, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, 20157 Milan, Italy; (A.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Marianna Noale
- National Research Council, Neuroscience Institute, Aging Branch, Via Vincenzo Maria Gallucci 16, 35128 Padova, Italy; (M.N.); (S.M.)
| | - Caterina Trevisan
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy;
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Aldo Moro 8, Cona, 44124 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Michela Franchini
- National Research Council, Institute of Clinical Physiology, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (M.F.); (S.P.); (L.C.); (F.B.)
| | - Stefania Pieroni
- National Research Council, Institute of Clinical Physiology, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (M.F.); (S.P.); (L.C.); (F.B.)
| | - Liliana Cori
- National Research Council, Institute of Clinical Physiology, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (M.F.); (S.P.); (L.C.); (F.B.)
| | - Claudio Maria Mastroianni
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Fabrizio Bianchi
- National Research Council, Institute of Clinical Physiology, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (M.F.); (S.P.); (L.C.); (F.B.)
| | | | - Stefania Maggi
- National Research Council, Neuroscience Institute, Aging Branch, Via Vincenzo Maria Gallucci 16, 35128 Padova, Italy; (M.N.); (S.M.)
| | - Massimo Galli
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L. Sacco, Università di Milano, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, 20157 Milan, Italy; (A.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Federica Prinelli
- National Research Council, Institute of Biomedical Technologies, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20054 Segrate, Italy; (N.J.); (E.P.); (A.S.); (F.P.)
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Uchino M, Yokoi N, Shimazaki J, Hori Y, Tsubota K. Adherence to Eye Drops Usage in Dry Eye Patients and Reasons for Non-Compliance: A Web-Based Survey. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11020367. [PMID: 35054060 PMCID: PMC8779746 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11020367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the actual use of eye drops for dry eye disease (DED), the reasons for instillation behavior, and the relationship between instillation behavior and subjective symptoms. This web-based cross-sectional study collected data on instillation behavior, medication instruction, reasons for instillation behavior, and subjective symptoms. In total, 2645 participants were enrolled. The proportion of participants who instilled at the frequency specified in the package insert (the specified frequency) was 10.2%. The most common reason for not instilling at the prescribed frequency was as-needed instillation to alleviate subjective symptoms, and 61.3% of participants instilled when feeling symptoms. The improvement in the subjective symptoms score was significantly greater in the group that regularly instilled at the specified frequency than the other group (p = 0.0027), and patients in the other group were younger and had a higher rate of contact lens use and over-the-counter eye drops use. In conclusion, most participants did not instill the DED eye drops at the specified frequency to alleviate symptoms. In order to obtain the appropriate effect of eye drops, ophthalmologists need to impress upon patients the importance of regular instillation at the frequency specified in the package insert, while taking into account patient characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miki Uchino
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan;
- Keishin Gotanda Eye Clinic, Tokyo 141-0022, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-3-3353-1211; Fax: +81-3-3359-8302
| | - Norihiko Yokoi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan;
| | - Jun Shimazaki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Dental College Ichikawa General Hospital, Chiba 272-8513, Japan;
| | - Yuichi Hori
- Department of Ophthalmology, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo 143-8541, Japan;
| | - Kazuo Tsubota
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan;
- Tsubota Laboratory, Inc., Tokyo 160-0016, Japan
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Yamaguchi A, Hosozawa M, Hasegawa A, Okubo Y, Sampei M, Sawada N, Piedvache A, Morisaki N, Hangai M, Tanaka K, Yamaoka Y. The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic and the rights of the child in Japan. Pediatr Int 2022; 64:e14913. [PMID: 34236753 PMCID: PMC8447210 DOI: 10.1111/ped.14913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have used direct reports by children to assess how the rights documented in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) have been affected during the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). METHODS Data were obtained from the CORONA-CODOMO Survey, a web-based survey conducted from April to May 2020 in Japan, targeting children aged 7-17 and parents/guardians of children aged 0-17. We focused on self-reports from children, including two open-ended questions asking their needs and opinions. The results were analyzed according to the five categories of rights defined by the CRC: education, health, safety, play, and participation. RESULTS Among the 2,591 children who participated in the survey, 1,292 children (49.9%) answered at least one of the two open-ended questions. The most frequent concern was COVID-19 infecting members of their families (78.2%), followed by the inability to see their friends (74.3%). There were 1,523 direct comments from children. The comments covered a wide range of the rights in the CRC, including reopening of schools, disparities in education, access to health information, alternatives for playing and seeing friends, and needs for participation and being heard. Few comments were related to safety whereas a certain proportion of children were victimized within households. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the rights outlined in the CRC have been restricted during the COVID-19 pandemic. Health and educational professionals working with children and policymakers should introduce the rights-based approach to protect the best interests of children during and after the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arisa Yamaguchi
- Department of Psychosocial Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Setagaya-ku, Japan
| | - Mariko Hosozawa
- Institute for Global Health Policy Research, Bureau of International Health Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Japan
| | - Ayaka Hasegawa
- Department of Social Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Setagaya-ku, Japan
| | - Yusuke Okubo
- Department of Social Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Setagaya-ku, Japan.,Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Makiko Sampei
- Department of Social Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Setagaya-ku, Japan.,Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Naomi Sawada
- Department of Social Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Setagaya-ku, Japan.,School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Aurelie Piedvache
- Department of Social Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Setagaya-ku, Japan
| | - Naho Morisaki
- Department of Social Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Setagaya-ku, Japan
| | - Mayumi Hangai
- Department of Social Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Setagaya-ku, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Kyoko Tanaka
- Department of Psychosocial Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Setagaya-ku, Japan
| | - Yui Yamaoka
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
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Syundyukov E, Mednis M, Zaharenko L, Pildegovica E, Danovska I, Kistkins S, Seidmann A, Benis A, Pirags V, Tzivian L. Data-Driven Decision Making and Proactive Citizen-Scientist Communication: A Cross-Sectional Study on COVID-19 Vaccination Adherence. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:1384. [PMID: 34960129 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9121384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the severe impact of COVID-19 on public health, rollout of the vaccines must be large-scale. Current solutions are not intended to promote an active collaboration between communities and public health researchers. We aimed to develop a digital platform for communication between scientists and the general population, and to use it for an exploratory study on factors associated with vaccination readiness. The digital platform was developed in Latvia and was equipped with dynamic consent management. During a period of six weeks 467 participants were enrolled in the population-based cross-sectional exploratory study using this platform. We assessed demographics, COVID-19-related behavioral and personal factors, and reasons for vaccination. Logistic regression models adjusted for the level of education, anxiety, factors affecting the motivation to vaccinate, and risk of infection/severe disease were built to investigate their association with vaccination readiness. In the fully adjusted multiple logistic regression model, factors associated with vaccination readiness were anxiety (odds ratio, OR = 3.09 [95% confidence interval 1.88; 5.09]), feelings of social responsibility (OR = 1.61 [1.16; 2.22]), and trust in pharmaceutical companies (OR = 1.53 [1.03; 2.27]). The assessment of a large number of participants in a six-week period show the potential of a digital platform to create a data-driven dialogue on vaccination readiness.
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Elsamany S, Elbaiomy M, Zeeneldin A, Tashkandi E, Hassanin F, Abdelhafeez N, O Al-Shamsi H, Bukhari N, Elemam O. Suggested Modifications to the Management of Patients With Breast Cancer During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Web-Based Survey Study. JMIR Cancer 2021; 7:e27073. [PMID: 34726611 PMCID: PMC8594736 DOI: 10.2196/27073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Management of patients with cancer in the current era of the COVID-19 pandemic poses a significant challenge to health care systems. Breast cancer is the most common cancer internationally. Breast cancer is a disease that involves surgery, chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, targeted therapy, radiotherapy, and, more recently, immunotherapy in its management plan. The immune system requires months to recover from these medications, and this condition is even worse in patients with metastatic breast cancer who need ongoing treatment with these drugs. Some of these drugs, such as inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6, can cause rare but life-threating lung inflammation. Patients with breast cancer who have metastatic disease to the lungs can experience deterioration of disease symptoms with COVID-19 infection. Oncologists treating patients with breast cancer are facing a difficult situation regarding treatment choice. The impact that COVID-19 has had on breast cancer care is unknown, including how to provide the best care possible without compromising patient and community safety. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore the views of oncologists regarding the management of patients with breast cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS A web-based SurveyMonkey questionnaire was submitted to licensed oncologists involved in breast cancer management in Saudi Arabia, Egypt, and United Arab Emirates. The survey focused on characteristics of the participants, infection risk among patients with cancer, and possible treatment modifications related to different types of breast cancer. RESULTS The survey was completed by 82 participants. For early hormone receptor (HR)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative breast cancer, 61 of the 82 participants (74%) supported using neoadjuvant hormonal therapy in selected patients, and 58% (48/82) preferred giving 6 over 8 cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy when indicated. Only 43% (35/82) preferred inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 with hormonal therapy as the first-line treatment in all patients with metastatic HR-positive disease. A total of 55 of the 82 participants (67%) supported using adjuvant trastuzumab for 6 instead of 12 months in selected patients with HER2-positive breast cancer. For metastatic HER2-positive, HR-positive breast cancer, 80% of participants (66/82) supported the use of hormonal therapy with dual anti-HER2 blockade in selected patients. The preferred choice of first-line treatment in metastatic triple negative patients with BRCA mutation and programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) <1% was poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase inhibitor according to 41% (34/82) of the participants, and atezolizumab with nab-paclitaxel was preferred for PD-L1 >1% according to 71% (58/82) of the participants. CONCLUSIONS Several modifications in breast cancer management were supported by the survey participants. These modifications need to be discussed on a local basis, taking into account the local infrastructure and available resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shereef Elsamany
- Oncology Center, King Abdullah Medical City, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
- Oncology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | | | - Ahmed Zeeneldin
- Oncology Center, King Abdullah Medical City, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
- National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Emad Tashkandi
- Oncology Center, King Abdullah Medical City, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, Umm AlQura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fayza Hassanin
- Oncology Center, King Abdullah Medical City, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nafisa Abdelhafeez
- Oncology Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Humaid O Al-Shamsi
- Department of Oncology, Alzahra Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
- University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nedal Bukhari
- Department of Medical Oncology, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omima Elemam
- Oncology Center, King Abdullah Medical City, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
- Oncology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Burmann A, Tischler M, Faßbach M, Schneitler S, Meister S. The Role of Physicians in Digitalizing Health Care Provision: Web-Based Survey Study. JMIR Med Inform 2021; 9:e31527. [PMID: 34545813 PMCID: PMC8663562 DOI: 10.2196/31527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Digitalization affects all areas of society, including the health care sector. However, the digitalization of health care provision is progressing slowly compared to other sectors. In the professional and political literature, physicians are partially portrayed as digitalization sceptics. Thus, the role of physicians in this process requires further investigation. The theory of “digital natives” suggests a lower hurdle for younger generations to engage with digital technologies. Objective The objective of this study was to investigate the role of physicians in the process of digitalizing health care provision in Germany and to assess the age factor. Methods We conducted a large-scale study to assess the role of this professional group in the progress of the digital transformation of the German health care sector. Therefore, in an anonymous online survey, we inquired about the current digital penetration of the personal working environment, expectations, attitude toward, and concerns regarding digitalization. Based on these data, we studied associations with the nominal variable age and variations across 2 age groups. Results The 1274 participants included in the study generally showed a high affinity towards digitalization with a mean of 3.88 on a 5-point Likert scale; 723 respondents (56.75%) stated they personally use mobile apps in their everyday working life, with a weak tendency to be associated with the respondents’ age (η=0.26). Participants saw the most noticeable existing benefits through digitalization in data quality and readability (882/1274, 69.23%) and the least in patient engagement (213/1274, 16.72%). Medical practitioners preponderantly expect further improvements through increased digitalization across almost all queried areas but the most in access to medical knowledge (1136/1274, 89.17%), treatment of orphan diseases (1016/1274, 79.75%), and medical research (1023/1274, 80.30%). Conclusions Respondents defined their role in the digitalization of health care provision as ambivalent: “scrutinizing” on the one hand but “active” and “open” on the other. A gap between willingness to participate and digital sovereignty was indicated. Thus, education on digitalization as a means to support health care provision should not only be included in the course of study but also in the continuing process of further and advanced training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Burmann
- Fraunhofer Institute for Software and Systems Engineering, Dortmund, Germany.,Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Max Tischler
- Hautärzte am Markt, Dortmund, Germany.,Bündnis Junge Ärzte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mira Faßbach
- Bündnis Junge Ärzte, Berlin, Germany.,Helios Klinikum Duisburg, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Sophie Schneitler
- Bündnis Junge Ärzte, Berlin, Germany.,Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany.,German Society for Tropical Medicine, Travel Medicine and Global Health, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sven Meister
- Fraunhofer Institute for Software and Systems Engineering, Dortmund, Germany.,Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
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32
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Milton A, Hambleton A, Roberts A, Davenport T, Flego A, Burns J, Hickie I. Body Image Distress and Its Associations From an International Sample of Men and Women Across the Adult Life Span: Web-Based Survey Study. JMIR Form Res 2021; 5:e25329. [PMID: 34734831 PMCID: PMC8603168 DOI: 10.2196/25329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous research on body image distress mainly relied on samples that were small, generally homogeneous in age or sex, often limited to one geographical region, and were characterized by a lack of comprehensive analysis of multiple psychosocial domains. The research presented in this paper extends the international literature using the results of the web-based Global Health and Wellbeing Survey 2015. The survey included a large sample of both men and women aged ≥16 years from Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, or the United States. OBJECTIVE The main objectives of this study are to examine body image distress across the adult life span (≥16 years) and sex and assess the association between body image distress and various psychosocial risk and protective factors. METHODS Data were extracted from the Global Health and Wellbeing Survey 2015, a web-based international self-report survey with 10,765 respondents, and compared with previous web-based surveys conducted in 2009 and 2012. RESULTS The body image distress of young Australians (aged 16-25 years) significantly rose by 33% from 2009 to 2015. In 2015, 75.19% (961/1278) of 16- to 25-year-old adults reported body image distress worldwide, and a decline in body image distress was noted with increasing age. More women reported higher levels of body image distress than men (1953/3338, 58.51% vs 853/2175, 39.22%). Sex, age, current dieting status, perception of weight, psychological distress, alcohol and other substance misuse, and well-being significantly explained 24% of the variance in body image distress in a linear regression (F15,4966=105.8; P<.001). CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates the significant interplay between body image distress and psychosocial factors across age and sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa Milton
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Sydney School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Ashlea Hambleton
- Project Synergy, InnoWell Pty Ltd, Sydney, Australia.,Inside Out Institute for Eating Disorders, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Anna Roberts
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Project Synergy, InnoWell Pty Ltd, Sydney, Australia
| | - Tracey Davenport
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Project Synergy, InnoWell Pty Ltd, Sydney, Australia
| | - Anna Flego
- The Movember Foundation, Australia, East Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jane Burns
- Project Synergy, InnoWell Pty Ltd, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ian Hickie
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Chen H, Murugan R. Survey of U.S. Critical Care Practitioners on Net Ultrafiltration Prescription and Practice among Critically Ill Patients Receiving Kidney Replacement Therapy. J Crit Care Med (Targu Mures) 2021; 7:272-282. [PMID: 34934817 PMCID: PMC8647664 DOI: 10.2478/jccm-2021-0034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The current prescription and practice of net ultrafiltration among critically ill patients receiving kidney replacement therapy in the U.S. are unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY To assess the attitudes of U.S. critical care practitioners on net ultrafiltration (UFNET) prescription and practice among critically ill patients with acute kidney injury treated with kidney replacement therapy. METHODS A secondary analysis was conducted of a multinational survey of intensivists, nephrologists, advanced practice providers, and ICU and dialysis nurses practising in the U.S. RESULTS Of 1,569 respondents, 465 (29.6%) practitioners were from the U.S. Mainly were nurses and advanced practice providers (58%) and intensivists (38.2%). The median duration of practice was 8.7 (IQR, 4.2-19.4) years. Practitioners reported using continuous kidney replacement therapy (as the first modality in 60% (IQR 20%-90%) for UFNET. It was found that there was a significant variation in assessment of prescribed-to-delivered dose of UFNET, use of continuous kidney replacement therapy for UFNET, methods used to achieve UFNET, and assessment of net fluid balance during continuous kidney replacement therapy. There was also variation in interventions performed for managing hemodynamic instability, perceived barriers to UFNET, belief that early and protocol-based fluid removal is beneficial, and willingness to enroll patients in a clinical trial. CONCLUSIONS There was considerable practice variation in UFNET among critical care practitioners in the U.S., reflecting the need to generate evidence-based practice guidelines for UFNET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiwen Chen
- Center for Critical Care Nephrology, Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Renal and Electrolyte Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Raghavan Murugan
- Center for Critical Care Nephrology, Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Rashid Soron T, Ashiq MAR, Al-Hakeem M, Chowdhury ZF, Uddin Ahmed H, Afrooz Chowdhury C. Domestic Violence and Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Bangladesh. JMIR Form Res 2021; 5:e24624. [PMID: 34346893 PMCID: PMC8439177 DOI: 10.2196/24624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 lockdown, the advent of working from home, and other unprecedent events have resulted in multilayer and multidimensional impacts on our personal, social, and occupational lives. Mental health conditions are deteriorating, financial crises are increasing in prevalence, and the need to stay at home has resulted in the increased prevalence of domestic violence. In Bangladesh, where domestic violence is already prevalent, the lockdown period and stay-at-home orders could result in more opportunities and increased scope for perpetrators of domestic violence. OBJECTIVE In this study, we aimed to determine the prevalence and pattern of domestic violence during the initial COVID-19 lockdown period in Bangladesh and the perceptions of domestic violence survivors with regard to mental health care. METHODS We conducted this cross-sectional web-based study among the Bangladeshi population and used a semistructured self-reported questionnaire to understand the patterns of domestic violence and perceptions on mental health care from August to September 2020. The questionnaire was disseminated on different organizational websites and social media pages (ie, those of organizations that provide mental health and domestic violence services). Data were analyzed by using IBM SPSS (version 22.0; IBM Corporation). RESULTS We found that 36.8% (50/136) of respondents had faced domestic violence at some point in their lives; psychological abuse was the most common type of violence. However, the prevalence of the economical abuse domestic violence type increased after the COVID-19 lockdown was enforced. Although 96.3% (102/136) of the participants believed that domestic violence survivors need mental health support, only 25% (34/136) of the respondents had an idea about the mental health services that are available for domestic violence survivors in Bangladesh and how and where they could avail mental health services. CONCLUSIONS Domestic violence is one of the most well-known stressors that have direct impacts on physical and mental health. However, the burden of domestic violence is often underreported, and its impact on mental health is neglected in Bangladesh. The burden of this problem has increased during the COVID-19 crisis, and the cry for mental health support is obvious in the country. However, it is necessary to provide information about available support services; telepsychiatry can be good option for providing immediate mental health support in a convenient and cost-effective manner.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marzia Al-Hakeem
- Telepsychiatry Research and Innovation Network Ltd, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Helal Uddin Ahmed
- Department of Child, Adolescent, and Family Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Hübner S, Haijen E, Kaelen M, Carhart-Harris RL, Kettner H. Turn on, Tune in, and Drop out: Predictors of Attrition in a Prospective Observational Cohort Study on Psychedelic Use. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e25973. [PMID: 34319246 PMCID: PMC8367105 DOI: 10.2196/25973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The resurgence of research and public interest in the positive psychological effects of psychedelics, together with advancements in digital data collection techniques, have brought forth a new type of research design, which involves prospectively gathering large-scale naturalistic data from psychedelic users; that is, before and after the use of a psychedelic compound. A methodological limitation of such studies is their high attrition rate, particularly owing to participants who stop responding after initial study enrollment. Importantly, study dropout can introduce systematic biases that may affect the interpretability of results. Objective Based on a previously collected sample (baseline n=654), here we investigated potential determinants of study attrition in web-based prospective studies on psychedelic use. Methods Logistic regression models were used to examine demographic, psychological trait and state, and psychedelic-specific predictors of dropout. Predictors were assessed 1 week before, 1 day after, and 2 weeks after psychedelic use, with attrition being defined as noncompletion of the key endpoint 4 weeks post experience. Results Predictors of attrition were found among demographic variables including age (β=0.024; P=.007) and educational levels, as well as personality traits, specifically conscientiousness (β=–0.079; P=.02) and extraversion (β=0.082; P=.01). Contrary to prior hypotheses, neither baseline attitudes toward psychedelics nor the intensity of acute challenging experiences were predictive of dropout. Conclusions The baseline predictors of attrition identified here are consistent with those reported in longitudinal studies in other scientific disciplines, suggesting their transdisciplinary relevance. Moreover, the lack of an association between attrition and psychedelic advocacy or negative drug experiences in our sample contextualizes concerns about problematic biases in these and related data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Hübner
- Centre for Psychedelic Research, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Eline Haijen
- Centre for Psychedelic Research, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mendel Kaelen
- Centre for Psychedelic Research, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Hannes Kettner
- Centre for Psychedelic Research, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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Prinelli F, Bianchi F, Drago G, Ruggieri S, Sojic A, Jesuthasan N, Molinaro S, Bastiani L, Maggi S, Noale M, Galli M, Giacomelli A, Antonelli Incalzi R, Adorni F, Cibella F. Association Between Smoking and SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Cross-sectional Study of the EPICOVID19 Internet-Based Survey. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2021; 7:e27091. [PMID: 33668011 PMCID: PMC8081027 DOI: 10.2196/27091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Several studies have reported a low prevalence of current smoking among hospitalized COVID-19 cases; however, no definitive conclusions can be drawn. Objective We investigated the association of tobacco smoke exposure with nasopharyngeal swab (NPS) test results for SARS-CoV-2 infection and disease severity accounting for possible confounders. Methods The nationwide, self-administered, cross-sectional web-based Italian National Epidemiological Survey on COVID-19 (EPICOVID19) was administered to an Italian population of 198,822 adult volunteers who filled in an online questionnaire between April 13 and June 2, 2020. For this study, we analyzed 6857 individuals with known NPS test results. The associations of smoking status and the dose-response relationship with a positive NPS test result and infection severity were calculated as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CIs by means of logistic and multinomial regression models adjusting for sociodemographic, clinical, and behavioral characteristics. Results Out of the 6857 individuals (mean age 47.9 years, SD 14.1; 4516/6857, 65.9% female), 63.2% (4334/6857) had never smoked, 21.3% (1463/6857) were former smokers, and 15.5% (1060/6857) were current smokers. Compared to nonsmokers, current smokers were younger, were more educated, were less affected by chronic diseases, reported COVID-19–like symptoms less frequently, were less frequently hospitalized, and less frequently tested positive for COVID-19. In multivariate analysis, current smokers had almost half the odds of a positive NPS test result (OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.45-0.65) compared to nonsmokers. We also found a dose-dependent relationship with tobacco smoke: mild smokers (adjusted OR [aOR] 0.76, 95% CI 0.55-1.05), moderate smokers (aOR 0.56, 95% CI 0.42-0.73), and heavy smokers (aOR 0.38, 95% CI 0.27-0.53). This inverse association also persisted when considering the severity of the infection. Current smokers had a statistically significantly lower probability of having asymptomatic (aOR 0.50, 95% CI 0.27-0.92), mild (aOR 0.65, 95% CI 0.53-0.81), and severe infections (aOR 0.27, 95% CI 0.17-0.42) compared to those who never smoked. Conclusions Current smoking was negatively associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection with a dose-dependent relationship. Ad hoc experimental studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying this association. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04471701; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04471701
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Prinelli
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Segrate (MI), Italy
| | - Fabrizio Bianchi
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gaspare Drago
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council, Palermo, Italy
| | - Silvia Ruggieri
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council, Palermo, Italy
| | - Aleksandra Sojic
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Segrate (MI), Italy
| | - Nithiya Jesuthasan
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Segrate (MI), Italy
| | - Sabrina Molinaro
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | - Luca Bastiani
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefania Maggi
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council, Padova, Italy
| | - Marianna Noale
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council, Padova, Italy
| | - Massimo Galli
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L Sacco, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Giacomelli
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L Sacco, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Fulvio Adorni
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Segrate (MI), Italy
| | - Fabio Cibella
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council, Palermo, Italy
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- see Acknowledgments, Segrate (MI), Italy
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Suruliraj B, Bessenyei K, Bagnell A, McGrath P, Wozney L, Orji R, Meier S. Mobile Sensing Apps and Self-management of Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Web-Based Survey. JMIR Form Res 2021; 5:e24180. [PMID: 33872181 PMCID: PMC8078366 DOI: 10.2196/24180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the COVID-19 pandemic, people had to adapt their daily life routines to the currently implemented public health measures, which is likely to have resulted in a lack of in-person social interactions, physical activity, or sleep. Such changes can have a significant impact on mental health. Mobile sensing apps can passively record the daily life routines of people, thus making them aware of maladaptive behavioral adjustments to the pandemic. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the views of people on mobile sensing apps that passively record behaviors and their potential to increase awareness and helpfulness for self-managing mental health during the pandemic. METHODS We conducted an anonymous web-based survey including people with and those without mental disorders, asking them to rate the helpfulness of mobile sensing apps for the self-management of mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. The survey was conducted in May 2020. RESULTS The majority of participants, particularly those with a mental disorder (n=106/148, 72%), perceived mobile sensing apps as very or extremely helpful for managing their mental health by becoming aware of maladaptive behaviors. The perceived helpfulness of mobile sensing apps was also higher among people who experienced a stronger health impact of the COVID-19 pandemic (β=.24; 95% CI 0.16-0.33; P<.001), had a better understanding of technology (β=.17; 95% CI 0.08-0.25; P<.001), and had a higher education (β=.1; 95% CI 0.02-0.19; P=.02). CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight the potential of mobile sensing apps to assist in mental health care during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kitti Bessenyei
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Alexa Bagnell
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Patrick McGrath
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Lori Wozney
- Nova Scotia Health Authority, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Rita Orji
- Faculty of Computer Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Sandra Meier
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
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Cori L, Curzio O, Adorni F, Prinelli F, Noale M, Trevisan C, Fortunato L, Giacomelli A, Bianchi F. Fear of COVID-19 for Individuals and Family Members: Indications from the National Cross-Sectional Study of the EPICOVID19 Web-Based Survey. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:3248. [PMID: 33801074 PMCID: PMC8003842 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18063248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The study analyzed the association of the fear of contagion for oneself and for family members (FMs) during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, with demographic and socioeconomic status (SES) and health factors. The study was performed within the EPICOVID19 web-based Italian survey, involving adults from April-June 2020. Out of 207,341 respondents, 95.9% completed the questionnaire (60% women with an average age of 47.3 vs. 48.9 years among men). The association between fear and demographic and SES characteristics, contacts with COVID-19 cases, nasopharyngeal swab, self-perceived health, flu vaccination, chronic diseases and specific symptoms was analyzed by logistic regression model; odds ratios adjusted for sex, age, education and occupation were calculated (aORs). Fear for FMs prevailed over fear for oneself and was higher among women than men. Fear for oneself decreased with higher levels of education and in those who perceived good health. Among those vaccinated for the flu, 40.8% responded they had feelings of fear for themselves vs. 34.2% of the not vaccinated. Fear increased when diseases were declared and it was higher when associated with symptoms such as chest pain, olfactory/taste disorders, heart palpitations (aORs > 1.5), lung or kidney diseases, hypertension, depression and/or anxiety. Trends in fear by region showed the highest percentage of positive responses in the southern regions. The knowledge gained from these results should be used to produce tailored messages and shared public health decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Cori
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology and Disease Registries, Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (L.C.); (F.B.)
| | - Olivia Curzio
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology and Disease Registries, Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (L.C.); (F.B.)
| | - Fulvio Adorni
- Unit of Epidemiology, Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Segrate, 20157 Milan, Italy; (F.A.); (F.P.)
| | - Federica Prinelli
- Unit of Epidemiology, Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Segrate, 20157 Milan, Italy; (F.A.); (F.P.)
| | - Marianna Noale
- Institute of Neurosciences, National Research Council, 35127 Padova, Italy; (M.N.); (C.T.)
| | - Caterina Trevisan
- Institute of Neurosciences, National Research Council, 35127 Padova, Italy; (M.N.); (C.T.)
| | - Loredana Fortunato
- Epidemiology and Health Research Laboratory, Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Andrea Giacomelli
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L. Sacco, University of Milan, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, 20157 Milan, Italy;
| | - Fabrizio Bianchi
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology and Disease Registries, Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (L.C.); (F.B.)
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, National Research Council, 90148 Palermo, Italy
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Ferrante G, Camussi E, Piccinelli C, Senore C, Armaroli P, Ortale A, Garena F, Giordano L. [Did social isolation during the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic have an impact on the lifestyles of citizens?]. Epidemiol Prev 2021; 44:353-362. [PMID: 33412829 DOI: 10.19191/ep20.5-6.s2.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES to study the impact of social isolation, related to the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic, on lifestyles in Italy, with particular reference to physical activity, alcohol consumption, smoking, and eating habits. Moreover, to investigate the association between lifestyle changes during the pandemic and sociodemographic characteristics. DESIGN epidemiological investigation based on a cross-sectional study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS between April 21st and June 7th 2020, an electronic questionnaire to collect information on physical activity, alcohol consumption, smoking, and eating habits during the period of home containment was made available on the web. Respondents were recruited through non-probabilistic snowball sampling. The link to the electronic questionnaire was disseminated through institutional websites, social networks (Facebook, Twitter), and messaging systems such as WhatsApp, Telegram, and SMS. A total of 10,758 interviews were collected, of which 7,847 (73%) were complete for a minimum set of indicators (age, gender, and area of residence). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES reduction of physical activity, increase in alcohol consumption, increase in cigarette smoking, increase in consumption of unhealthy foods (processed meat, red meat or desserts) without increasing healthy foods (vegetables, legumes or whole grains) and, vice versa, increase in consumption of healthy foods without increasing unhealthy foods. RESULTS the population under study consists of 7,847 people with a mean age of 48.6 years (standard deviation: 13.9). Most of respondents are women (71.3%), 92.5% have a high school or university degree and 91% live in Northern Italy. During home containment, 56% of interviewees reported they had reduced the time devoted to physical activity. In particular, this happened among older people and those living in large cities. More than 17% of respondents increased their alcohol consumption, especially men, those highly educated and those living in large urban centres. Older age and residence in the Southern Italy represent, instead, protective factors for this outcome. Among smokers, 30% increased cigarette consumption during the period of home containment, on average of 5.6 cigarettes per day. A small proportion of former smokers (0.6%) resumed smoking. With regard to eating habits, 3 out of 10 respondents (29.9%) reported an inappropriate eating behaviour (increasing unhealthy food without increasing healthy ones). This behaviour was less frequent among men (adjusted Prevalence Ratio 0.80, p=0.005). A lower percentage of respondents (24.5%) increased the consumption of healthy foods without increasing the consumption of unhealthy ones. CONCLUSIONS the results of this survey show that social isolation during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has had an impact on citizens' behaviours. In particular, it was found a noteworthy increase in sedentariness, alcohol consumption, and tobacco smoking. A meaningful proportion of respondents reported a worsening of eating habits, especially among women. However, for each of the behavioural risk factors investigated, small proportions of respondents with resilient attitudes were also found, namely, capable of taking advantage of social isolation for improving their daily habits. Studying changes in lifestyles during a pandemic, identifying population groups most at risk of adopting unfavourable behaviours, is a useful tool for policy makers to plan targeted and effective public health interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluigi Ferrante
- SSD Epidemiologia screening, CPO-AOU Città della salute e della scienza di Torino (Italy);
| | - Elisa Camussi
- SSD Epidemiologia screening, CPO-AOU Città della salute e della scienza di Torino (Italy)
| | - Cristiano Piccinelli
- SSD Epidemiologia screening, CPO-AOU Città della salute e della scienza di Torino (Italy)
| | - Carlo Senore
- SSD Epidemiologia screening, CPO-AOU Città della salute e della scienza di Torino (Italy)
| | - Paola Armaroli
- SSD Epidemiologia screening, CPO-AOU Città della salute e della scienza di Torino (Italy)
| | - Andrea Ortale
- SSD Epidemiologia screening, CPO-AOU Città della salute e della scienza di Torino (Italy)
| | - Francesca Garena
- SSD Epidemiologia screening, CPO-AOU Città della salute e della scienza di Torino (Italy)
| | - Livia Giordano
- SSD Epidemiologia screening, CPO-AOU Città della salute e della scienza di Torino (Italy)
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Patrick ME, Couper MP, Parks MJ, Laetz V, Schulenberg JE. Comparison of a web-push survey research protocol with a mailed paper and pencil protocol in the Monitoring the Future panel survey. Addiction 2021; 116:191-199. [PMID: 32533797 PMCID: PMC7736051 DOI: 10.1111/add.15158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The experiment tested the effects of a web-push survey research protocol, compared with the standard mailed paper-and-pencil protocol, among young adults aged 19-30 years in the 'Monitoring the Future' (MTF) longitudinal study. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS The US-based MTF study has measured substance use trends among young adults in panel samples followed biennially, using consistent mailed survey procedures from 1977 to 2017. In 2018, young adult participants in the MTF longitudinal component scheduled to be surveyed at ages 19-30 in 2018 (from high school senior cohorts of 2006-17, n = 14 709) were randomly assigned to receive the standard mail/paper survey procedures or new web-push procedures. MEASUREMENTS Primary outcomes were responding to the survey and prevalence estimates for past 30-day use of alcohol, cigarettes, marijuana and illicit drugs. FINDINGS The web-push response rate was 39.07% [95% confidence interval (CI) = 37.889, 40.258]; this was significantly better than the standard MTF response rate of 35.12% (95% CI = 33.964, 36.285). After adjusting for covariates, the web-push condition was associated with a 19% increase in the odds of responding compared with standard MTF (adjusted odds ratio = 1.188; 95% CI = 1.096, 1.287). Substance use prevalence estimates were very similar and differences became negligible when using attrition weights and controlling for socio-demographic characteristics. CONCLUSIONS The web-push protocol produced a higher response rate than the mailed pencil and paper protocol in the Monitoring the Future panel study, without substantially affecting estimates of substance use once attrition weights and socio-demographic variables were factored in.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan E. Patrick
- Institute for Translational Research in Children's Mental HealthUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA
- Institute of Child DevelopmentUniversity of Minnesota, MN, USA
| | - Mick P. Couper
- Institute for Social ResearchUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Michael J. Parks
- Institute for Translational Research in Children's Mental HealthUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA
| | - Virginia Laetz
- Institute for Social ResearchUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
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Ishigooka J, Hoshino T, Imai T, Yoshida H, Ono M, Ota M, Moriguchi Y, Fujikawa K, Shintani A, Fernandez JL. Patient and Physician Perspectives of Depressive Symptoms and Expectations for Treatment Outcome: Results from a Web-Based Survey. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2021; 17:2915-2924. [PMID: 34531658 PMCID: PMC8440229 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s324968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE A previous international study suggested that perceptions of depression symptoms, social function, and treatment expectations are different between patients/physicians. We aimed to examine whether such differences exist in Japan. METHODS A web-based survey was conducted with patients who reported that they had been diagnosed with depression, and physicians who reported that they had treated patients with depression, in Japan. Questionnaires were designed to quantify patients' perceptions of symptoms, social function, and treatment expectations. Patients were categorized into three stages of disorder based on their reported current symptoms: severe symptomatic, mild symptomatic, and remission. Physicians were assigned up to three patients, were provided with patient information from the questionnaire completed by those patients, and finally the completed questionnaire forms for each patient. Agreement between the perceptions of the patients and physicians was examined for each stage. RESULTS Of the 2618 eligible patients, 828 were assigned to 326 eligible physicians. Overall, we found small differences in the perceptions of depression treatment between patients/physicians. Slightly fewer physicians than patients reported physical symptoms (85% vs 91%; p=0.018) in the mild symptomatic stage. Fewer physicians than patients reported cognitive symptoms in the severe (82% vs 87%; p=0.029) and mild (54% vs 66%; p=0.003) symptomatic stages. Social function was deemed to be lower by physicians than by patients, across all stages of disorder (p<0.001). Regarding treatment expectations, more physicians than patients reported "return to a normal life" in the mild symptomatic (51% vs 35%, p<0.001) and remission stages (57% vs 36%, p<0.001), and more patients than physicians reported "reduction of side effects" in the severe (10% vs 4%, p=0.004) and mild (12% vs 5%, p<0.001) symptomatic disorder stages. CONCLUSION These results suggest small differences in patient/physician perceptions of depression treatment in Japan. Discrepancies between patients'/physicians' perceptions may vary depending on the medical environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tatsuya Hoshino
- Japan Medical Office, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takumi Imai
- Department of Medical Statistics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hisako Yoshida
- Department of Medical Statistics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Midori Ono
- Japan Medical Office, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mihoko Ota
- Japan Medical Office, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Keita Fujikawa
- Japan Medical Office, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayumi Shintani
- Department of Medical Statistics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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Oliveri S, Lanzoni L, Petrocchi S, Janssens R, Schoefs E, Huys I, Smith MY, Smith IP, Veldwijk J, de Wit GA, Pravettoni G. Opportunities and Challenges of Web-Based and Remotely Administered Surveys for Patient Preference Studies in a Vulnerable Population. Patient Prefer Adherence 2021; 15:2509-2517. [PMID: 34848947 PMCID: PMC8613941 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s327006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The application of web-based and remotely administered surveys is becoming increasingly popular due to the fact that it offers numerous advantages over traditional paper-based or computer-based surveys completed in the presence of the researcher. However, it is unclear whether complex preference elicitation tasks administered online in highly vulnerable patient populations are also feasible. This commentary discusses opportunities and challenges of conducting quantitative patient preference studies in lung cancer patients using web-based modes of data collection. We refer to our recent experience in the context of the Patient Preference in Benefit-Risk Assessments during the Drug Life Cycle (PREFER) project. Among the main advantages were the possibility of reaching a wider and geographically distant population in a shorter timeframe while reducing the financial costs of testing, the greater flexibility offered and the reduced burden on the patients. Some limitations were also identified and should be the object of further research, including the potential lack of inclusiveness of the research, the lack of control over who is completing the survey, a poor comprehension of the study material, and ultimately a lower level of engagement with the study. Despite these limitations, experience from the PREFER project suggests that online quantitative methods for data collection may provide a valuable method to explore preferences in vulnerable patient populations beyond the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Oliveri
- Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Lucilla Lanzoni
- Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: Lucilla Lanzoni European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, Via Giuseppe Ripamonti, 435, Milano, 20141, ItalyTel +39 294 372054 Email
| | - Serena Petrocchi
- Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Rosanne Janssens
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Elise Schoefs
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Huys
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Meredith Y Smith
- Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Boston, MA, USA
- University of Southern California School of Pharmacy, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ian P Smith
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jorien Veldwijk
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- School of Health Policy & Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - G Ardine de Wit
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Gabriella Pravettoni
- Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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Okazaki Y, Abe Y, Dainobu K, Iwaguro S, Kato R, Tsuga K. A web-based survey of denture adhesive use among denture wearers 40 years of age and older. J Oral Sci 2020; 63:98-100. [PMID: 32938837 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.20-0158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to clarify the usage and understanding of denture adhesives among 1,825 denture wearers, aged 40 years and older in Japan, using a web-based survey. The NTTCom Online survey (a closed investigation) was conducted over a period of 4 days using a 13-item questionnaire about denture adhesives. Results showed that 67.1% of the respondents were satisfied with their dentures; 81.5% of respondents knew about denture adhesive, but only 347 (19.0%) had used the product. Products used by the 347 denture wearers included cream type (79.7%), cushion type (16.2%), and powder type (3.2%). The most common reason for the selection of a particular type was "Saw the product" (59.9%), followed by "Saw an advertisement" (19.3%), and "Explanation at a dental clinic" (8.4%). The response of "Ill-fitting denture" significantly affected the response of "Use of denture adhesives" (chi-square test; P < 0.001). Moreover, the sensitivity (0.56) was lower than the specificity (0.75). These findings show that denture adhesives were not always necessary for those with ill-fitting dentures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Okazaki
- Department of Advanced Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Yasuhiko Abe
- Department of Advanced Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Kana Dainobu
- Dental Hygiene Section, Dental Care Departments, Central Clinical Divisions, Hiroshima University Hospital
| | - Shogo Iwaguro
- Dental Technicians Laboratory, Dental Care Departments, Central Clinical Divisions, Hiroshima University Hospital
| | - Ryoji Kato
- Dental Technicians Laboratory, Dental Care Departments, Central Clinical Divisions, Hiroshima University Hospital
| | - Kazuhiro Tsuga
- Department of Advanced Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
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Deng CH, Wang JQ, Zhu LM, Liu HW, Guo Y, Peng XH, Shao JB, Xia W. Association of Web-Based Physical Education With Mental Health of College Students in Wuhan During the COVID-19 Outbreak: Cross-Sectional Survey Study. J Med Internet Res 2020; 22:e21301. [PMID: 32997639 PMCID: PMC7537719 DOI: 10.2196/21301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 outbreak has affected people’s health worldwide. For college students, web-based physical education is a challenge, as these course are normally offered outdoors. Objective The aim of this study was to use data from a web-based survey to evaluate the relationship between the mental health status of college students and their sports-related lifestyles. Problems related to web-based physical education were also examined. Methods A web-based survey was conducted by snowball sampling from May 8 to 11, 2020. Demographic data, mental health status, and sports-related lifestyles of college students in Wuhan as well as issues related to web-based physical education were collected. Mental health status was assessed by the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Results The study included 1607 respondents from 267 cities. The average scores of the DASS-21 subscales (2.46 for depression, 1.48 for anxiety, and 2.59 for stress) were significantly lower in our study than in a previous study (P<.05). Lower DASS-21 scores were significantly correlated with regular exercise, maintaining exercise habits during the outbreak of COVID-19, exercising more than 1 to 2 times a week, exercise duration >1 hour, and >2000 pedometer steps (all P<.05). None of the three forms of web-based physical education was preferred by more than 50% of respondents. Frequent technical problems were confronted by 1087/1607 students (67.6%). Shape-up exercises (846/1607, 52.6%), a designed combination of exercises (710/1607, 44.2%), and Chinese kung fu (559/1607, 34.8%) were suggested sports for web-based physical education. Conclusions Mental status was significantly correlated with regular exercise and sufficient exercise duration. Professional physical guidance is needed for college students in selected sports. Exercises not meeting students’ preferences, frequent technical problems, and the distant interaction involved in web-based physical education were the main problems that should be solved in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Hu Deng
- Department of Physical Education, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing-Qiang Wang
- Department of Physical Education, Hubei Business College, Wuhan, China
| | - Li-Ming Zhu
- Department of Physical Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - He-Wang Liu
- Department of Physical Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Guo
- Department of Imaging Center, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xue-Hua Peng
- Department of Imaging Center, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian-Bo Shao
- Department of Imaging Center, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Xia
- Department of Imaging Center, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Pasca L, Varesio C, Ferraris C, Guglielmetti M, Trentani C, Tagliabue A, Veggiotti P, De Giorgis V. Families' Perception of Classic Ketogenic Diet Management in Acute Medical Conditions: A Web-Based Survey. Nutrients 2020; 12:E2920. [PMID: 32987704 DOI: 10.3390/nu12102920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To describe families’ experiences in managing epileptic patients undergoing ketogenic dietary therapies (KDTs) in acute medical settings. Methods: We conducted a short online survey addressed to the families of patients undergoing a classic ketogenic diet (cKD) for at least three months. The survey was composed of 18 questions exploring the following issues: demographic characteristics, epilepsy diagnosis, ketogenic-diet treatment history, the reason for emergency-ward admission and patient management, surgery-procedure management, and outcomes. Results: A sample of 50 families agreed to participate. Out of 50 patients, 33 (66%) had been undergoing a cKD for more than two years. Fifteen (30%) patients had been admitted at least once to the Emergency Room (ER), and 8.2% had undergone surgical procedures during cKD treatment. The causes of ER admission were the following: seizures, infection, trauma, and gastrointestinal or respiratory problems. In 75% of cases, blood ketonemia was not monitored during ER admission, and according to 46% of responders, the medical staff intervening did not have a basic knowledge of KDTs. Conclusions: According to both our experience and caregivers’ reports, it might be useful to search for standardized specific approaches to patients undergoing KDTs in the emergency setting.
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Adorni F, Prinelli F, Bianchi F, Giacomelli A, Pagani G, Bernacchia D, Rusconi S, Maggi S, Trevisan C, Noale M, Molinaro S, Bastiani L, Fortunato L, Jesuthasan N, Sojic A, Pettenati C, Tavio M, Andreoni M, Mastroianni C, Antonelli Incalzi R, Galli M. Self-Reported Symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in a Nonhospitalized Population in Italy: Cross-Sectional Study of the EPICOVID19 Web-Based Survey. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2020; 6:e21866. [PMID: 32650305 PMCID: PMC7505691 DOI: 10.2196/21866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the occurrence of symptoms resembling those of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in a large nonhospitalized population at the peak of the epidemic in Italy is of paramount importance; however, data are currently scarce. OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were to evaluate the association of self-reported symptoms with SARS-CoV-2 nasopharyngeal swab (NPS) test results in nonhospitalized individuals and to estimate the occurrence of symptoms associated with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in a larger nontested population. METHODS EPICOVID19 is a self-administered cross-sectional voluntary web-based survey of adults throughout Italy who completed an anonymous questionnaire in the period of April 13 to 21, 2020. The associations between symptoms potentially related to SARS-CoV-2 infection and NPS results were calculated as adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with 95% CIs by multiple logistic regression analysis controlling for age, sex, education, smoking habits, and number of comorbidities. Thereafter, for each symptom and for combinations of the symptoms, we calculated the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and areas under the curve (AUCs) in a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis to estimate the occurrence of COVID-19-like infection in the nontested population. RESULTS A total of 171,310 people responded to the survey, of whom 102,543 (59.9%) were women; mean age 47.4 years. Out of the 4785 respondents with known NPS test results, 4392 were not hospitalized. Among the 4392 nonhospitalized respondents, those with positive NPS tests (856, 19.5%) most frequently reported myalgia (527, 61.6%), olfactory and taste disorders (507, 59.2%), cough (466, 54.4%), and fever (444, 51.9%), whereas 7.7% were asymptomatic. Multiple regression analysis showed that olfactory and taste disorders (aOR 10.3, 95% CI 8.4-12.7), fever (aOR 2.5, 95% CI 2.0-3.1), myalgia (aOR 1.5, 95% CI 1.2-1.8), and cough (aOR 1.3, 95% CI 1.0-1.6) were associated with NPS positivity. Having two to four of these symptoms increased the aOR from 7.4 (95% CI 5.6-9.7) to 35.5 (95% CI 24.6-52.2). The combination of the four symptoms showed an AUC of 0.810 (95% CI 0.795-0.825) in classifying positive NPS test results and then was applied to the nonhospitalized and nontested sample (n=165,782). We found that 7739 to 20,103 of these 165,782 respondents (4.4% to 12.1%) had experienced symptoms suggestive of COVID-19 infection. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that self-reported symptoms are reliable indicators of SARS-CoV-2 infection in a pandemic context. A nonnegligible number of symptomatic respondents (up to 12.1%) were undiagnosed and potentially contributed to the spread of the infection. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04471701; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04471701.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulvio Adorni
- Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Segrate (MI), Italy
| | - Federica Prinelli
- Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Segrate (MI), Italy
| | - Fabrizio Bianchi
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology and Disease Registries, Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Giacomelli
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L. Sacco, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriele Pagani
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L. Sacco, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Dario Bernacchia
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L. Sacco, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Rusconi
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L. Sacco, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Maggi
- Aging Branch, Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council, Padoa, Italy
| | - Caterina Trevisan
- Aging Branch, Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council, Padoa, Italy
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padova, Padoa, Italy
| | - Marianna Noale
- Aging Branch, Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council, Padoa, Italy
| | - Sabrina Molinaro
- Epidemiology and Health Research Laboratory, Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | - Luca Bastiani
- Epidemiology and Health Research Laboratory, Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | - Loredana Fortunato
- Epidemiology and Health Research Laboratory, Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | - Nithiya Jesuthasan
- Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Segrate (MI), Italy
| | - Aleksandra Sojic
- Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Segrate (MI), Italy
| | - Carla Pettenati
- Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Segrate (MI), Italy
| | - Marcello Tavio
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti, Ancona, Italy
| | - Massimo Andreoni
- Infectious Diseases Clinic, Department of System Medicine, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Mastroianni
- Public Health and Infectious Disease Department, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Massimo Galli
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L. Sacco, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Young AM, Ballard AM, Cooper HLF. Novel Recruitment Methods for Research Among Young Adults in Rural Areas Who Use Opioids: Cookouts, Coupons, and Community-Based Staff. Public Health Rep 2020; 135:746-755. [PMID: 32933438 DOI: 10.1177/0033354920954796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Rural communities in the United States are increasingly becoming epicenters of substance use and related harms. However, best practices for recruiting rural people who use drugs (PWUD) for epidemiologic research are unknown, because such strategies were developed in cities. This study explores the feasibility of web- and community-based strategies to recruit rural, young adult PWUD into epidemiologic research. MATERIALS AND METHODS We recruited PWUD from rural Kentucky to participate in a web-based survey about opioid use using web-based peer referral and community-based strategies, including cookouts, flyers, street outreach, and invitations to PWUD enrolled in a concurrent substance use study. Staff members labeled recruitment materials with unique codes to enable tracking. We assessed eligibility and fraud through online eligibility screening and a fraud detection algorithm, respectively. Eligibility criteria included being aged 18-35, recently using opioids to get high, and residing in the study area. RESULTS Recruitment yielded 410 complete screening entries, of which 234 were eligible and 151 provided complete, nonfraudulent surveys (ie, surveys that passed a fraud-detection algorithm designed to identify duplicate, nonlocal, and/or bot-generated entries). Cookouts and subsequent web-based peer referrals accounted for the highest proportion of screening entries (37.1%, n = 152), but only 29.6% (n = 45) of entries from cookouts and subsequent web-based peer referrals resulted in eligible, nonfraudulent surveys. Recruitment and subsequent web-based peer referral from the concurrent study yielded the second most screening entries (27.8%, n = 114), 77.2% (n = 88) of which resulted in valid surveys. Other recruitment strategies combined to yield 35.1% (n = 144) of screening entries and 11.9% (n = 18) of valid surveys. CONCLUSIONS Web-based methods need to be complemented by context-tailored, street-outreach activities to recruit rural PWUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- April M Young
- 4530 Department of Epidemiology, University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Lexington, KY, USA.,Center on Drug and Alcohol Research, Department of Behavioral Science, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - April M Ballard
- 4530 Department of Epidemiology, University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Lexington, KY, USA.,1371 Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Hannah L F Cooper
- Department of Behavioral, Social, and Health Education Sciences, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Noale M, Trevisan C, Maggi S, Antonelli Incalzi R, Pedone C, Di Bari M, Adorni F, Jesuthasan N, Sojic A, Galli M, Giacomelli A, Molinaro S, Bianchi F, Mastroianni C, Prinelli F, Group OBOTEPICOVIDW. The Association between Influenza and Pneumococcal Vaccinations and SARS-Cov-2 Infection: Data from the EPICOVID19 Web-Based Survey. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:E471. [PMID: 32842505 PMCID: PMC7565943 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8030471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aims to evaluate whether influenza and pneumococcal vaccinations are associated with positive nasopharyngeal swab (NPS) testing to detect SARS-CoV-2. Data from the Italian cross-sectional web-based survey (EPICOVID19), based on a self-selection sample of individuals aged ≥18, were considered. The probability of a positive SARS-CoV-2 NPS test result as a function of influenza or anti-pneumococcal vaccination was evaluated using multivariable logistic regression, stratifying analysis by age (<65 years, ≥65 years). From April 2020, 170,731 individuals aged <65 years and 28,097 ≥65 years filled out the EPICOVID19 questionnaire. Influenza and anti-pneumococcal vaccinations were received, respectively, by 16% and 2% of those <65 years, and by 53% and 13% of those ≥65 years. SARS-CoV-2 NPS testing was reported by 6680 participants. Anti-pneumococcal and influenza vaccinations were associated with a decreased probability of a SARS-CoV-2 NPS positive test in the younger participants (OR = 0.61, 95% CI 0.41-0.91; OR = 0.85, 95%CI 0.74-0.98; respectively). A significantly lower probability of a positive test result was detected in the individuals ≥65 years who received anti-pneumococcal vaccination (OR = 0.56, 95%CI 0.33-0.95). These results need to be confirmed by further investigations, but they are relevant given the probable coexistence of influenza, bacterial infections, and COVID-19 over the coming autumn-winter season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Noale
- National Research Council-Neuroscience Institute, Aging Branch, Via Vincenzo Maria Gallucci 16, 35128 Padova, Italy; (C.T.); (S.M.)
| | - Caterina Trevisan
- National Research Council-Neuroscience Institute, Aging Branch, Via Vincenzo Maria Gallucci 16, 35128 Padova, Italy; (C.T.); (S.M.)
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Stefania Maggi
- National Research Council-Neuroscience Institute, Aging Branch, Via Vincenzo Maria Gallucci 16, 35128 Padova, Italy; (C.T.); (S.M.)
| | - Raffaele Antonelli Incalzi
- Unit of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Biomedical Campus of Rome, via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Rome, Italy; (R.A.I.); (C.P.)
| | - Claudio Pedone
- Unit of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Biomedical Campus of Rome, via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Rome, Italy; (R.A.I.); (C.P.)
| | - Mauro Di Bari
- Geriatric Intensive Care Medicine, University of Florence and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Viale Peraccini 18, 50139 Florence, Italy;
| | - Fulvio Adorni
- National Research Council-Institute of Biomedical Technologies, Epidemiology Unit, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090 Segrate, Italy; (F.A.); (N.J.); (A.S.); (F.P.)
| | - Nithiya Jesuthasan
- National Research Council-Institute of Biomedical Technologies, Epidemiology Unit, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090 Segrate, Italy; (F.A.); (N.J.); (A.S.); (F.P.)
| | - Aleksandra Sojic
- National Research Council-Institute of Biomedical Technologies, Epidemiology Unit, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090 Segrate, Italy; (F.A.); (N.J.); (A.S.); (F.P.)
| | - Massimo Galli
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L. Sacco, Università di Milano, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, 20157 Milan, Italy; (M.G.); (A.G.)
| | - Andrea Giacomelli
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L. Sacco, Università di Milano, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, 20157 Milan, Italy; (M.G.); (A.G.)
| | - Sabrina Molinaro
- National Research Council-Institute of Clinical Physiology, Epidemiology and Health Research Laboratory, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Fabrizio Bianchi
- National Research Council-Institute of Clinical Physiology, Department of Environmental Epidemiology and Disease registries, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Claudio Mastroianni
- Public Health and Infectious Disease Department, “Sapienza” University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 1, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Federica Prinelli
- National Research Council-Institute of Biomedical Technologies, Epidemiology Unit, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090 Segrate, Italy; (F.A.); (N.J.); (A.S.); (F.P.)
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Yanai S, Toya Y, Nakamura S, Matsumoto T. Patients' Preference of Topical Therapy for Ulcerative Colitis in Japan: A Web-based 3T Survey. Crohns Colitis 360 2020; 2:otaa030. [PMID: 36798649 PMCID: PMC9927820 DOI: 10.1093/crocol/otaa030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The therapeutic drugs available for ulcerative colitis (UC) have recently increased. However, use of topical therapy for UC in Japan has not been determined. This study aimed to investigate real-world use of topical therapy for UC in Japan using a web-based survey designed for UC patients. Methods A web-based questionnaire on UC management was administered to 773 patients over a 2-day period in September 2019. The responses regarding topical therapy use were analyzed. Results Questionnaire responses were obtained from 323 UC patients. Of these, the mean disease duration was 12.2 years, and 220 patients (68.1%) had used topical therapy, of whom 68 (21.1%) were currently using this treatment. The frequency of using the prescribed topical therapy was appropriate in 36.8% of patients, only when needed in 38.6%, and rarely in 24.5%. Among all topical therapy users, 64.4% reported that budesonide foam was easy to use, which was significantly higher than the rates for mesalazine suppositories (43.6%), mesalazine enemas (12.9%), and glucocorticoid enemas (13.9%; P < 0.05). Regarding treatment effects, 68.9% of patients were satisfied with the budesonide foam, which was a significantly higher rate of satisfaction than those for mesalazine suppositories (44.6%), mesalazine enemas (30.2%), glucocorticoid enemas (36.1%), and glucocorticoid suppositories (41.9%; P < 0.05). Conclusions Although topical therapy use was common in this Japanese UC population, patient adherence was not very high. Of all the topical therapy types, budesonide foam, which has recently become available, was rated highly by these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunichi Yanai
- Address correspondence to: Shunichi Yanai, MD, PhD, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Idaidori 1-1-1, Yahaba, Iwate 028-3694, Japan ()
| | - Yosuke Toya
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan
| | - Shotaro Nakamura
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan
| | - Takayuki Matsumoto
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan
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Abstract
There is an established methodology for conducting survey research that aims to ensure rigorous research and robust outputs. With the advent of easy-to-use online survey platforms, however, the quality of survey studies has declined. This article summarizes the pros and cons of online surveys and emphasizes the key principles of survey research, for example questionnaire validation and sample selection. Numerous texts are available to guide researchers in conducting robust survey research online, however this is neither a quick nor easy undertaking. While online survey websites and software are useful for assisting in questionnaire design and delivery, they can also introduce sources of bias. Researchers considering conducting online surveys are encouraged to read carefully about how the principles of survey research can be applied to online formats in order to reduce bias and enhance rigor. In addition to alerting researchers to the pitfalls of online surveys this article also aims to equip readers of this journal with the knowledge of how to critically appraise publications based on online surveys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen L Ball
- 1 Department of Anthropology, Durham University, UK
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