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Hernández-López A, Díaz M, Rodríguez-López J, Guillén G, Sánchez F, Díaz-Camino C. Uncovering Bax inhibitor-1 dual role in the legume-rhizobia symbiosis in common bean roots. J Exp Bot 2019; 70:1049-1061. [PMID: 30462254 PMCID: PMC6363093 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Bax-inhibitor 1 (BI-1) is a cell death suppressor conserved in all eukaryotes that modulates cell death in response to abiotic stress and pathogen attack in plants. However, little is known about its role in the establishment of symbiotic interactions. Here, we demonstrate the functional relevance of an Arabidopsis thaliana BI-1 homolog (PvBI-1a) to symbiosis between the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) and Rhizobium tropici. We show that the changes in expression of PvBI-1a observed during early symbiosis resemble those of some defence response-related proteins. By using gain- and loss-of-function approaches, we demonstrate that the overexpression of PvBI-1a in the roots of common bean increases the number of rhizobial infection events (and therefore the final number of nodules per root), but induces the premature death of nodule cells, affecting their nitrogen fixation efficiency. Nodule morphological alterations are known to be associated with changes in the expression of genes tied to defence, autophagy, and vesicular trafficking. Results obtained in the present work suggest that BI-1 has a dual role in the regulation of programmed cell death during symbiosis, extending our understanding of its critical function in the modulation of host immunity while responding to beneficial microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandrina Hernández-López
- Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad, Colonia Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Mauricio Díaz
- Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad, Colonia Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Jonathan Rodríguez-López
- Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad, Colonia Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Gabriel Guillén
- Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad, Colonia Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Federico Sánchez
- Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad, Colonia Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Claudia Díaz-Camino
- Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad, Colonia Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
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del Cerro P, Rolla-Santos AAP, Valderrama-Fernández R, Gil-Serrano A, Bellogín RA, Gomes DF, Pérez-Montaño F, Megías M, Hungría M, Ollero FJ. NrcR, a New Transcriptional Regulator of Rhizobium tropici CIAT 899 Involved in the Legume Root-Nodule Symbiosis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0154029. [PMID: 27096734 PMCID: PMC4838322 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The establishment of nitrogen-fixing rhizobium-legume symbioses requires a highly complex cascade of events. In this molecular dialogue the bacterial NodD transcriptional regulators in conjunction with plant inducers, mostly flavonoids, are responsible for the biosynthesis and secretion of Nod factors which are key molecules for successful nodulation. Other transcriptional regulators related to the symbiotic process have been identified in rhizobial genomes, including negative regulators such as NolR. Rhizobium tropici CIAT 899 is an important symbiont of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), and its genome encompasses intriguing features such as five copies of nodD genes, as well as other possible transcriptional regulators including the NolR protein. Here we describe and characterize a new regulatory gene located in the non-symbiotic plasmid pRtrCIAT899c, that shows homology (46% identity) with the nolR gene located in the chromosome of CIAT 899. The mutation of this gene, named nrcR (nolR-like plasmid c Regulator), enhanced motility and exopolysaccharide production in comparison to the wild-type strain. Interestingly, the number and decoration of Nod Factors produced by this mutant were higher than those detected in the wild-type strain, especially under salinity stress. The nrcR mutant showed delayed nodulation and reduced competitiveness with P. vulgaris, and reduction in nodule number and shoot dry weight in both P. vulgaris and Leucaena leucocephala. Moreover, the mutant exhibited reduced capacity to induce the nodC gene in comparison to the wild-type CIAT 899. The finding of a new nod-gene regulator located in a non-symbiotic plasmid may reveal the existence of even more complex mechanisms of regulation of nodulation genes in R. tropici CIAT 899 that may be applicable to other rhizobial species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo del Cerro
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla. Sevilla, Spain
| | | | | | - Antonio Gil-Serrano
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla. Sevilla, Spain
| | - Ramón A. Bellogín
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla. Sevilla, Spain
| | | | | | - Manuel Megías
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla. Sevilla, Spain
| | | | - Francisco Javier Ollero
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla. Sevilla, Spain
- * E-mail:
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Ormeño-Orrillo E, Menna P, Almeida LGP, Ollero FJ, Nicolás MF, Pains Rodrigues E, Shigueyoshi Nakatani A, Silva Batista JS, Oliveira Chueire LM, Souza RC, Ribeiro Vasconcelos AT, Megías M, Hungria M, Martínez-Romero E. Genomic basis of broad host range and environmental adaptability of Rhizobium tropici CIAT 899 and Rhizobium sp. PRF 81 which are used in inoculants for common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). BMC Genomics 2012; 13:735. [PMID: 23270491 PMCID: PMC3557214 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-13-735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2012] [Accepted: 12/15/2012] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rhizobium tropici CIAT 899 and Rhizobium sp. PRF 81 are α-Proteobacteria that establish nitrogen-fixing symbioses with a range of legume hosts. These strains are broadly used in commercial inoculants for application to common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) in South America and Africa. Both strains display intrinsic resistance to several abiotic stressful conditions such as low soil pH and high temperatures, which are common in tropical environments, and to several antimicrobials, including pesticides. The genetic determinants of these interesting characteristics remain largely unknown. RESULTS Genome sequencing revealed that CIAT 899 and PRF 81 share a highly-conserved symbiotic plasmid (pSym) that is present also in Rhizobium leucaenae CFN 299, a rhizobium displaying a similar host range. This pSym seems to have arisen by a co-integration event between two replicons. Remarkably, three distinct nodA genes were found in the pSym, a characteristic that may contribute to the broad host range of these rhizobia. Genes for biosynthesis and modulation of plant-hormone levels were also identified in the pSym. Analysis of genes involved in stress response showed that CIAT 899 and PRF 81 are well equipped to cope with low pH, high temperatures and also with oxidative and osmotic stresses. Interestingly, the genomes of CIAT 899 and PRF 81 had large numbers of genes encoding drug-efflux systems, which may explain their high resistance to antimicrobials. Genome analysis also revealed a wide array of traits that may allow these strains to be successful rhizosphere colonizers, including surface polysaccharides, uptake transporters and catabolic enzymes for nutrients, diverse iron-acquisition systems, cell wall-degrading enzymes, type I and IV pili, and novel T1SS and T5SS secreted adhesins. CONCLUSIONS Availability of the complete genome sequences of CIAT 899 and PRF 81 may be exploited in further efforts to understand the interaction of tropical rhizobia with common bean and other legume hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto Ormeño-Orrillo
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Pâmela Menna
- Embrapa Soja, C. P. 231, Londrina, Paraná, 86001-970, Brazil
| | - Luiz Gonzaga P Almeida
- Laboratório Nacional de Computação Científica (LNCC), Avenida Getúlio Vargas 333, Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Marisa Fabiana Nicolás
- Laboratório Nacional de Computação Científica (LNCC), Avenida Getúlio Vargas 333, Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Rangel Celso Souza
- Laboratório Nacional de Computação Científica (LNCC), Avenida Getúlio Vargas 333, Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Manuel Megías
- Universidad de Sevilla, Apdo Postal 874, Sevilla, 41080, Spain
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Bargaz A, Ghoulam C, Amenc L, Lazali M, Faghire M, Abadie J, Drevon J. A phosphoenol pyruvate phosphatase transcript is induced in the root nodule cortex of Phaseolus vulgaris under conditions of phosphorus deficiency. J Exp Bot 2012; 63:4723-30. [PMID: 22771853 PMCID: PMC3428000 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ers151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Although previous studies on N2-fixing legumes have demonstrated the contribution of acid phosphatases to their phosphorus (P) use efficiency under P-deficient growth conditions, localization of these enzymes in bean nodules has not been demonstrated. In this study, phosphoenol pyruvate phosphatase (PEPase) gene transcripts were localized within the nodule tissues of two recombinant inbred lines, RIL115 (P-deficiency tolerant) and RIL147 (P-deficiency sensitive), of Phaseolus vulgaris. Nodules were induced by Rhizobium tropici CIAT899 under hydroaeroponic conditions with a sufficient versus a deficient P supply. The results indicated that PEPase transcripts were particularly abundant in the nodule infected zone and cortex of both RILs. Analysis of fluorescence intensity indicated that nodule PEPase was induced under conditions of P deficiency to a significantly higher extent in RIL147 than in RIL115, and more in the inner cortex (91%) than in the outer cortex (71%) or the infected zone (79%). In addition, a significant increase (39%) in PEPase enzyme activity in the P-deficient RIL147 correlated with an increase (58%) in the efficiency of use in rhizobial symbiosis. It was concluded that nodule PEPase is upregulated under conditions of P deficiency in the P-deficiency-sensitive RIL147, and that this gene may contribute to adaptation of rhizobial symbiosis to low-P environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Bargaz
- INRA, UMR Eco&Sols – Ecologie Fonctionnelle & Biogéochimie des Sols & Agroécosystèmes2 Place Viala, F34060, Montpellier, France
- Equipe de Biotechnologie Végétale et Agrophysiologie des Symbioses, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques GuélizBP 549, 40000, Marrakech, Maroc
| | - C. Ghoulam
- Equipe de Biotechnologie Végétale et Agrophysiologie des Symbioses, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques GuélizBP 549, 40000, Marrakech, Maroc
| | - L. Amenc
- INRA, UMR Eco&Sols – Ecologie Fonctionnelle & Biogéochimie des Sols & Agroécosystèmes2 Place Viala, F34060, Montpellier, France
| | - M. Lazali
- INRA, UMR Eco&Sols – Ecologie Fonctionnelle & Biogéochimie des Sols & Agroécosystèmes2 Place Viala, F34060, Montpellier, France
| | - M. Faghire
- Equipe de Biotechnologie Végétale et Agrophysiologie des Symbioses, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques GuélizBP 549, 40000, Marrakech, Maroc
| | - J. Abadie
- INRA, UMR Eco&Sols – Ecologie Fonctionnelle & Biogéochimie des Sols & Agroécosystèmes2 Place Viala, F34060, Montpellier, France
| | - J.J. Drevon
- INRA, UMR Eco&Sols – Ecologie Fonctionnelle & Biogéochimie des Sols & Agroécosystèmes2 Place Viala, F34060, Montpellier, France
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Op den Camp RHM, Polone E, Fedorova E, Roelofsen W, Squartini A, Op den Camp HJM, Bisseling T, Geurts R. Nonlegume Parasponia andersonii deploys a broad rhizobium host range strategy resulting in largely variable symbiotic effectiveness. Mol Plant Microbe Interact 2012; 25:954-63. [PMID: 22668002 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-11-11-0304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The non-legume genus Parasponia has evolved the rhizobium symbiosis independent from legumes and has done so only recently. We aim to study the promiscuity of such newly evolved symbiotic engagement and determine the symbiotic effectiveness of infecting rhizobium species. It was found that Parasponia andersonii can be nodulated by a broad range of rhizobia belonging to four different genera, and therefore, we conclude that this non-legume is highly promiscuous for rhizobial engagement. A possible drawback of this high promiscuity is that low-efficient strains can infect nodules as well. The strains identified displayed a range in nitrogen-fixation effectiveness, including a very inefficient rhizobium species, Rhizobium tropici WUR1. Because this species is able to make effective nodules on two different legume species, it suggests that the ineffectiveness of P. andersonii nodules is the result of the incompatibility between both partners. In P. andersonii nodules, rhizobia of this strain become embedded in a dense matrix but remain vital. This suggests that sanctions or genetic control against underperforming microsymbionts may not be effective in Parasponia spp. Therefore, we argue that the Parasponia-rhizobium symbiosis is a delicate balance between mutual benefits and parasitic colonization.
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MESH Headings
- Base Sequence
- Cannabaceae/microbiology
- Cannabaceae/ultrastructure
- Cell Death
- Fabaceae/microbiology
- Fabaceae/ultrastructure
- Genes, Bacterial/genetics
- Genome, Bacterial/genetics
- Host Specificity/physiology
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Nitrogen Fixation
- Phylogeny
- Plant Root Nodulation/physiology
- Proteobacteria/genetics
- Proteobacteria/isolation & purification
- Proteobacteria/physiology
- RNA, Bacterial/chemistry
- RNA, Bacterial/genetics
- RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/chemistry
- RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics
- Rhizobium tropici/genetics
- Rhizobium tropici/isolation & purification
- Rhizobium tropici/physiology
- Root Nodules, Plant/ultrastructure
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
- Sinorhizobium/genetics
- Sinorhizobium/isolation & purification
- Sinorhizobium/physiology
- Symbiosis/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Rik H M Op den Camp
- Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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de Vasconcelos MA, Cunha CO, Arruda FVS, Carneiro VA, Mercante FM, Neto LGDN, de Sousa GS, Rocha BAM, Teixeira EH, Cavada BS, dos Santos RP. Lectin from Canavalia brasiliensis seeds (ConBr) is a valuable biotechnological tool to stimulate the growth of Rhizobium tropici in vitro. Molecules 2012; 17:5244-54. [PMID: 22565477 PMCID: PMC6268693 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17055244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2012] [Revised: 04/22/2012] [Accepted: 04/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
To study the interactions between a Rhizobium tropici strain and lectins isolated from the seeds of Canavalia ensiformis (ConA) and Canavalia brasiliensis (ConBr), a lectin fluorescence assay was performed. In addition, an experiment was designed to evaluate the effect of the two lectins on bacterial growth. Both lectins were found to bind to R. tropici cells, but the interactions were inhibited by D-mannose. Interestingly, only ConBr stimulated bacterial growth in proportion to the concentrations used (15.6–500 µg/mL), and the bacterial growth stimulation was inhibited by D-mannose as well. Structure/Function analyses by bioinformatics were carried out to evaluate the volume and carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) configuration of ConA and ConBr. The difference of spatial arrangement and volume of CRD may indicate the variation between biological activities of both lectins. The results suggest that ConBr could be a promising tool for studies focusing on the interactions between rhizobia and host plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayron Alves de Vasconcelos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, CE 60440-970, Brazil; (M.A.V.); (C.O.C.); (B.A.M.R.)
| | - Claudio Oliveira Cunha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, CE 60440-970, Brazil; (M.A.V.); (C.O.C.); (B.A.M.R.)
| | - Francisco Vassiliepe Sousa Arruda
- Integrated Laboratory of Biomolecules (LIBS), School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Sobral, CE 62042-280, Brazil; (F.V.S.A.); (V.A.C.); (L.G.N.N.); (E.H.T.)
| | - Victor Alves Carneiro
- Integrated Laboratory of Biomolecules (LIBS), School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Sobral, CE 62042-280, Brazil; (F.V.S.A.); (V.A.C.); (L.G.N.N.); (E.H.T.)
| | | | - Luiz Gonzaga do Nascimento Neto
- Integrated Laboratory of Biomolecules (LIBS), School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Sobral, CE 62042-280, Brazil; (F.V.S.A.); (V.A.C.); (L.G.N.N.); (E.H.T.)
| | - Giselly Soares de Sousa
- Computer Engineering/Biotechnology Center of Sobral, Federal University of Ceara, CE 62011-000, Brazil;
| | - Bruno Anderson Matias Rocha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, CE 60440-970, Brazil; (M.A.V.); (C.O.C.); (B.A.M.R.)
| | - Edson Holanda Teixeira
- Integrated Laboratory of Biomolecules (LIBS), School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Sobral, CE 62042-280, Brazil; (F.V.S.A.); (V.A.C.); (L.G.N.N.); (E.H.T.)
| | - Benildo Sousa Cavada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, CE 60440-970, Brazil; (M.A.V.); (C.O.C.); (B.A.M.R.)
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; (B.S.C.); (R.P.S.); Tel./Fax: +55-85-3366-9818 (B.S.C.); Tel.: +55-88-3613-2829 (R.P.S.)
| | - Ricardo Pires dos Santos
- Computer Engineering/Biotechnology Center of Sobral, Federal University of Ceara, CE 62011-000, Brazil;
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; (B.S.C.); (R.P.S.); Tel./Fax: +55-85-3366-9818 (B.S.C.); Tel.: +55-88-3613-2829 (R.P.S.)
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Slatni T, Dell'Orto M, Ben Salah I, Vigani G, Smaoui A, Gouia H, Zocchi G, Abdelly C. Immunolocalization of H(+)-ATPase and IRT1 enzymes in N(2)-fixing common bean nodules subjected to iron deficiency. J Plant Physiol 2012; 169:242-8. [PMID: 22078996 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2011.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2011] [Revised: 09/20/2011] [Accepted: 10/02/2011] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The demand for iron in leguminous plants increases during symbiosis, as the metal is utilised for the synthesis of various Fe-containing proteins in both plant and bacteroids. However, the acquisition of this micronutrient is problematic due to its low bioavailability at physiological pH under aerobic conditions. Induction of root Fe(III)-reductase activity is necessary for Fe uptake and can be coupled to the rhizosphere acidification capacity linked to the H(+)-ATPase activity. Fe uptake is related to the expression of a Fe(2+) transporter (IRT1). In order to verify the possible role of nodules in the acquisition of Fe directly from the soil solution, the localization of H(+)-ATPase and IRT1 was carried out in common bean nodules by immuno-histochemical analysis. The results showed that these proteins were particularly abundant in the central nitrogen-fixing zone of nodules, around the periphery of infected and uninfected cells as well as in the vascular bundle of control nodules. Under Fe deficiency an over-accumulation of H(+)-ATPase and IRT1 proteins was observed especially around the cortex cells of nodules. The results obtained in this study suggest that the increase in these proteins is differentially localized in nodules of Fe-deficient plants when compared to the Fe-sufficient condition and cast new light on the possible involvement of nodules in the direct acquisition of Fe from the nutrient solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Slatni
- Laboratoire des Plantes Extrêmophiles, Centre de Biotechnologie, Technopark de Borj Cedria, BP 901, Hammam Lif 2050, Tunisia.
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Ribeiro RA, Rogel MA, López-López A, Ormeño-Orrillo E, Barcellos FG, Martínez J, Thompson FL, Martínez-Romero E, Hungria M. Reclassification of Rhizobium tropici type A strains as Rhizobium leucaenae sp. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2011; 62:1179-1184. [PMID: 21742822 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.032912-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhizobium tropici is a well-studied legume symbiont characterized by high genetic stability of the symbiotic plasmid and tolerance to tropical environmental stresses such as high temperature and low soil pH. However, high phenetic and genetic variabilities among R. tropici strains have been largely reported, with two subgroups, designated type A and B, already defined within the species. A polyphasic study comprising multilocus sequence analysis, phenotypic and genotypic characterizations, including DNA-DNA hybridization, strongly supported the reclassification of R. tropici type A strains as a novel species. Type A strains formed a well-differentiated clade that grouped with R. tropici, Rhizobium multihospitium, Rhizobium miluonense, Rhizobium lusitanum and Rhizobium rhizogenes in the phylogenies of the 16S rRNA, recA, gltA, rpoA, glnII and rpoB genes. Several phenotypic traits differentiated type A strains from all related taxa. The novel species, for which the name Rhizobium leucaenae sp. nov. is proposed, is a broad host range rhizobium being able to establish effective root-nodule symbioses with Leucaena leucocephala, Leucaena esculenta, common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) and Gliricidia sepium. Strain CFN 299(T) ( = USDA 9039(T) = LMG 9517(T) = CECT 4844(T) = JCM 21088(T) = IAM 14230(T) = SEMIA 4083(T) = CENA 183(T) = UMR1026(T) = CNPSo 141(T)) is designated the type strain of Rhizobium leucaenae sp. nov.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renan Augusto Ribeiro
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Department of Microbiology, Cx. Postal 60001, 86051-990, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
- Embrapa Soja, Cx. Postal 231, 86001-970, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Marco A Rogel
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Aline López-López
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | | | | | - Julio Martínez
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Fabiano Lopes Thompson
- UFRJ, Center of Health Sciences, Institute of Biology, Cx. Postal 68011, 21944-970, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Islas-Flores T, Guillén G, Alvarado-Affantranger X, Lara-Flores M, Sánchez F, Villanueva MA. PvRACK1 loss-of-function impairs cell expansion and morphogenesis in Phaseolus vulgaris L. root nodules. Mol Plant Microbe Interact 2011; 24:819-26. [PMID: 21425924 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-11-10-0261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Receptor for activated C kinase (RACK1) is a highly conserved, eukaryotic protein of the WD-40 repeat family. Its peculiar β-propeller structure allows its interaction with multiple proteins in various plant signal-transduction pathways, including those arising from hormone responses, development, and environmental stress. During Phaseolus vulgaris root development, RACK1 (PvRACK1) mRNA expression was induced by auxins, abscissic acid, cytokinin, and gibberellic acid. In addition, during P. vulgaris nodule development, PvRACK1 mRNA was highly accumulated at 12 to 15 days postinoculation, suggesting an important role after nodule meristem initiation and Rhizobium nodule infection. PvRACK1 transcript accumulation was downregulated by a specific RNA interference construct which was expressed in transgenic roots of composite plants of P. vulgaris inoculated with Rhizobium tropici. PvRACK1 downregulated transcript levels were monitored by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis in individual transgenic roots and nodules. We observed a clear phenotype in PvRACK1-knockdown nodules, in which nodule number and nodule cell expansion were impaired, resulting in altered nodule size. Microscopic analysis indicated that, in PvRACK1-knockdown nodules, infected and uninfected cells were considerably smaller (80 and 60%, respectively) than in control nodules. In addition, noninfected cells and symbiosomes in silenced nodules showed significant defects in membrane structure under electron microscopy analysis. These findings indicate that PvRACK1 has a pivotal role in cell expansion and in symbiosome and bacteroid integrity during nodule development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Islas-Flores
- Departamento de Biologia Molecular de Plantas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Morelos, Mexico
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Brito B, Prieto RI, Cabrera E, Mandrand-Berthelot MA, Imperial J, Ruiz-Argüeso T, Palacios JM. Rhizobium leguminosarum hupE encodes a nickel transporter required for hydrogenase activity. J Bacteriol 2010; 192:925-35. [PMID: 20023036 PMCID: PMC2812973 DOI: 10.1128/jb.01045-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2009] [Accepted: 12/07/2009] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Synthesis of the hydrogen uptake (Hup) system in Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae requires the function of an 18-gene cluster (hupSLCDEFGHIJK-hypABFCDEX). Among them, the hupE gene encodes a protein showing six transmembrane domains for which a potential role as a nickel permease has been proposed. In this paper, we further characterize the nickel transport capacity of HupE and that of the translated product of hupE2, a hydrogenase-unlinked gene identified in the R. leguminosarum genome. HupE2 is a potential membrane protein that shows 48% amino acid sequence identity with HupE. Expression of both genes in the Escherichia coli nikABCDE mutant strain HYD723 restored hydrogenase activity and nickel transport. However, nickel transport assays revealed that HupE and HupE2 displayed different levels of nickel uptake. Site-directed mutagenesis of histidine residues in HupE revealed two motifs (HX(5)DH and FHGX[AV]HGXE) that are required for HupE functionality. An R. leguminosarum double mutant, SPF22A (hupE hupE2), exhibited reduced levels of hydrogenase activity in free-living cells, and this phenotype was complemented by nickel supplementation. Low levels of symbiotic hydrogenase activity were also observed in SPF22A bacteroid cells from lentil (Lens culinaris L.) root nodules but not in pea (Pisum sativum L.) bacteroids. Moreover, heterologous expression of the R. leguminosarum hup system in bacteroid cells of Rhizobium tropici and Mesorhizobium loti displayed reduced levels of hydrogen uptake in the absence of hupE. These data support the role of R. leguminosarum HupE as a nickel permease required for hydrogen uptake under both free-living and symbiotic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belén Brito
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos, and Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Campus de Montegancedo, Carretera M40, km 37.7, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain, Université Lyon, F-69622 Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, INSA de Lyon, F-69621 Villeurbanne, and CNRS UMR5240 Microbiologie, Adaptation et Pathogénie, Lyon, France, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa-Isabel Prieto
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos, and Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Campus de Montegancedo, Carretera M40, km 37.7, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain, Université Lyon, F-69622 Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, INSA de Lyon, F-69621 Villeurbanne, and CNRS UMR5240 Microbiologie, Adaptation et Pathogénie, Lyon, France, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ezequiel Cabrera
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos, and Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Campus de Montegancedo, Carretera M40, km 37.7, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain, Université Lyon, F-69622 Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, INSA de Lyon, F-69621 Villeurbanne, and CNRS UMR5240 Microbiologie, Adaptation et Pathogénie, Lyon, France, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marie-Andrée Mandrand-Berthelot
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos, and Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Campus de Montegancedo, Carretera M40, km 37.7, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain, Université Lyon, F-69622 Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, INSA de Lyon, F-69621 Villeurbanne, and CNRS UMR5240 Microbiologie, Adaptation et Pathogénie, Lyon, France, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Imperial
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos, and Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Campus de Montegancedo, Carretera M40, km 37.7, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain, Université Lyon, F-69622 Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, INSA de Lyon, F-69621 Villeurbanne, and CNRS UMR5240 Microbiologie, Adaptation et Pathogénie, Lyon, France, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Tomás Ruiz-Argüeso
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos, and Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Campus de Montegancedo, Carretera M40, km 37.7, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain, Université Lyon, F-69622 Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, INSA de Lyon, F-69621 Villeurbanne, and CNRS UMR5240 Microbiologie, Adaptation et Pathogénie, Lyon, France, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Madrid, Spain
| | - José-Manuel Palacios
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos, and Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Campus de Montegancedo, Carretera M40, km 37.7, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain, Université Lyon, F-69622 Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, INSA de Lyon, F-69621 Villeurbanne, and CNRS UMR5240 Microbiologie, Adaptation et Pathogénie, Lyon, France, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Madrid, Spain
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Estrada-Navarrete G, Alvarado-Affantranger X, Olivares JE, Díaz-Camino C, Santana O, Murillo E, Guillén G, Sánchez-Guevara N, Acosta J, Quinto C, Li D, Gresshoff PM, Sánchez F. Agrobacterium rhizogenes transformation of the Phaseolus spp.: a tool for functional genomics. Mol Plant Microbe Interact 2006; 19:1385-93. [PMID: 17153923 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-19-1385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A fast, reproducible, and efficient transformation procedure employing Agrobacterium rhizogenes was developed for Phaseolus vulgaris L. wild accessions, landraces, and cultivars and for three other species belonging to the genus Phaseolus: P. coccineus, P. lunatus, and P. acutifolius. Induced hairy roots are robust and grow quickly. The transformation frequency is between 75 and 90% based on the 35-S promoter-driven green fluorescent protein and beta-glucuronidase expression reporter constructs. When inoculated with Rhizobium tropici, transgenic roots induce normal determinate nodules that fix nitrogen as efficiently as inoculated standard roots. The A. rhizogenes-induced hairy root transformation in the genus Phaseolus sets the foundation for functional genomics programs focused on root physiology, root metabolism, and root-microbe interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgina Estrada-Navarrete
- Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 510-3, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62271, México
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Morón B, Soria-Díaz ME, Ault J, Verroios G, Noreen S, Rodríguez-Navarro DN, Gil-Serrano A, Thomas-Oates J, Megías M, Sousa C. Low pH changes the profile of nodulation factors produced by Rhizobium tropici CIAT899. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 12:1029-40. [PMID: 16183027 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2005.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2005] [Revised: 06/29/2005] [Accepted: 06/30/2005] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Rhizobium tropici CIAT899 has been cataloged as a nodulator of bean, a plant often growing in areas characterized by highly acidic soils. The purpose of this work was to explore the effects of acidity on the production of Nod factors by this strain and their impact on the establishment of effective symbioses. We report that acidity increases rhizobial Nod factors production, and we exhaustively study the nodulation factor structures produced under abiotic stress. Significant differences were observed between the structures produced at acid and neutral pH: 52 different molecules were produced at acid pH, 29 at neutral pH, and only 15 are common to bacteria grown at pH 7.0 or 4.5. The results indicate that R. tropici CIAT899 has successfully adapted to life in acidic soils and is a good inoculant for the bean under these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belén Morón
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, c/ Profesor García González, Spain
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Rojas-Jiménez K, Sohlenkamp C, Geiger O, Martínez-Romero E, Werner D, Vinuesa P. A ClC chloride channel homolog and ornithine-containing membrane lipids of Rhizobium tropici CIAT899 are involved in symbiotic efficiency and acid tolerance. Mol Plant Microbe Interact 2005; 18:1175-85. [PMID: 16353552 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-18-1175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Rhizobium tropici CIAT899 is highly tolerant to several environmental stresses and is a good competitor for nodule occupancy of common bean plants in acid soils. Random transposon mutagenesis was performed to identify novel genes of this strain involved in symbiosis and stress tolerance. Here, we present a genetic analysis of the locus disrupted by the Tn5 insertion in mutant 899-PV9, which lead to the discovery of sycA, a homolog of the ClC family of chloride channels and Cl-/H+ exchange transporters. A nonpolar deletion in this gene caused serious deficiencies in nodule development, nodulation competitiveness, and N2 fixation on Phaseolus vulgaris plants, probably due to its reduced ability to invade plant cells and to form stable symbiosomes, as judged by electron transmission microscopy. A second gene (olsC), found downstream of sycA, is homologous to aspartyl/asparaginyl beta-hydroxylases and modifies two species of ornithine-containing lipids in vivo, presumably by hydroxylation at a still-unknown position. A mutant carrying a nonpolar deletion in olsC is symbiotically defective, whereas overexpressed OlsC in the complemented strain provokes an acid-sensitive phenotype. This is the first report of a ClC homolog being essential for the establishment of a fully developed N2-fixing root nodule symbiosis and of a putative beta-hydroxylase that modifies ornithine-containing membrane lipids of R. tropici CIAT899, which, in turn, are contributing to symbiotic performance and acid tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keilor Rojas-Jiménez
- FB Biologie der Philipps-Universität, FG Zellbiologie und Angewandte Botanik, Marburg, Germany
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Collavino M, Riccillo PM, Grasso DH, Crespi M, Aguilar M. GuaB activity is required in Rhizobium tropici during the early stages of nodulation of determinate nodules but is dispensable for the Sinorhizobium meliloti-alfalfa symbiotic interaction. Mol Plant Microbe Interact 2005; 18:742-50. [PMID: 16042020 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-18-0742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The guaB mutant strain Rhizobium tropici CIAT8999-10T is defective in symbiosis with common bean, forming nodules that lack rhizobial content. In order to investigate the timing of the guaB requirement during the nodule formation on the host common bean by the strain CIAT899-10.T, we constructed gene fusions in which the guaB gene is expressed under the control of the symbiotic promoters nodA, bacA, and nifH. Our data indicated that the guaB is required from the early stages of nodulation because full recovery of the wild-type phenotype was accomplished by the nodA-guaB fusion. In addition, we have constructed a guaB mutant derived from Sinorhizobium meliloti 1021, and shown that, unlike R. tropici, the guaB S. meliloti mutant is auxotrophic for guanine and induces wild-type nodules on alfalfa and Medicago truncatula. The guaB R. tropici mutant also is defective in its symbiosis with Macroptilium atropurpureum and Vigna unguiculata but normal with Leucaena leucocephala. These results show that the requirement of the rhizobial guaB for symbiosis is found to be associated with host plants that form determinate type of nodules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Collavino
- Instituto de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 1900-La Plata, Argentina
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Bernal GR, Tlusty B, Estevez de Jensen C, van Berkum P, Graham PH. Characteristics of rhizobia nodulating beans in the central region of Minnesota. Can J Microbiol 2004; 50:1023-31. [PMID: 15714233 DOI: 10.1139/w04-092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Until recently, beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) grown in Minnesota were rarely inoculated. Because of this, we hypothesized that bean rhizobia collected in Minnesota would either share characteristics identifiable with Rhizobium etli of Mesoamerican or Andean origin, introduced into the region as seed-borne contaminants, or be indigenous rhizobia from prairie species, such as Dalea spp. The latter organisms have been shown to nodulate and fix N2with Phaseolus vulgaris. Rhizobia recovered from the Staples, Verndale, and Park Rapids areas of Minnesota were grouped according to the results of BOXA1R–PCR fingerprint analysis into 5 groups, with only one of these having banding patterns similar to 2 of 4 R. etli reference strains. When representative isolates were subject to fatty acid - methyl ester analysis and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, the results obtained differed. 16S rRNA gene sequences of half the organisms tested were most similar to Rhizobium leguminosarum. Rhizobia from Dalea spp., an important legume in the prairie ecosystem, did not play a significant role as the microsymbiont of beans in this area. This appears to be due to the longer time needed for them to initiate infection in Phaseolus vulgaris. Strains of Rhizobium tropici IIB, including UMR1899, proved tolerant to streptomycin and captan, which are commonly applied as seed treatments for beans. Local rhizobia appeared to have very limited tolerance to these compounds.Key words: Rhizobium diversity, Phaseolus vulgaris, seed treatment, taxonomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- G R Bernal
- Department of Soil, Water, and Climate, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108, USA
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Tejera NA, Campos R, Sanjuan J, Lluch C. Nitrogenase and antioxidant enzyme activities in Phaseolus vulgaris nodules formed by Rhizobium tropici isogenic strains with varying tolerance to salt stress. J Plant Physiol 2004; 161:329-338. [PMID: 15077631 DOI: 10.1078/0176-1617-01050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Common bean plants inoculated with salt-tolerant Rhizobium tropici wild-type strain CIAT899 formed a more active symbiosis than did its decreased salt-tolerance (DST) mutant derivatives (HB8, HB10, HB12 and HB13). The mutants formed partially effective (HB10, HB12) or almost ineffective (HB8, HB13) nodules (Fix(d)) under non-saline conditions. The DST mutant formed nodules that accumulated more proline than did the wild-type nodules, while soluble sugars were accumulated mainly in ineffective nodules. Under salt stress, plant growth, nitrogen fixation, and the activities of the antioxidant defense enzymes of nodules were affected in all symbioses tested. Overall, mutant nodules showed lower antioxidant enzyme activities than wild-type nodules. Levels of nodule catalase appeared to correlate with symbiotic nitrogen-fixing efficiency. Superoxide dismutase and dehydroascorbate reductase seem to function in the molecular mechanisms underlying the tolerance of nodules to salinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noel A Tejera
- Departamento de Fisiología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
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