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Barolo L, Gigante Y, Mautone L, Ghirga S, Soloperto A, Giorgi A, Ghirga F, Pitea M, Incocciati A, Mura F, Ruocco G, Boffi A, Baiocco P, Di Angelantonio S. Ferritin nanocage-enabled detection of pathological tau in living human retinal cells. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11533. [PMID: 38773170 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62188-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Tauopathies, including Alzheimer's disease and Frontotemporal Dementia, are debilitating neurodegenerative disorders marked by cognitive decline. Despite extensive research, achieving effective treatments and significant symptom management remains challenging. Accurate diagnosis is crucial for developing effective therapeutic strategies, with hyperphosphorylated protein units and tau oligomers serving as reliable biomarkers for these conditions. This study introduces a novel approach using nanotechnology to enhance the diagnostic process for tauopathies. We developed humanized ferritin nanocages, a novel nanoscale delivery system, designed to encapsulate and transport a tau-specific fluorophore, BT1, into human retinal cells for detecting neurofibrillary tangles in retinal tissue, a key marker of tauopathies. The delivery of BT1 into living cells was successfully achieved through these nanocages, demonstrating efficient encapsulation and delivery into retinal cells derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells. Our experiments confirmed the colocalization of BT1 with pathological forms of tau in living retinal cells, highlighting the method's potential in identifying tauopathies. Using ferritin nanocages for BT1 delivery represents a significant contribution to nanobiotechnology, particularly in neurodegenerative disease diagnostics. This method offers a promising tool for the early detection of tau tangles in retinal tissue, with significant implications for improving the diagnosis and management of tauopathies. This study exemplifies the integration of nanotechnology with biomedical science, expanding the frontiers of nanomedicine and diagnostic techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Barolo
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Ylenia Gigante
- Center for Life Nano- and Neuro-Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 00161, Rome, Italy
- D-Tails Srl BC, 00165, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenza Mautone
- Center for Life Nano- and Neuro-Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 00161, Rome, Italy
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Ghirga
- Center for Life Nano- and Neuro-Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 00161, Rome, Italy
- D-Tails Srl BC, 00165, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Soloperto
- Center for Life Nano- and Neuro-Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Giorgi
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Ghirga
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, Sapienza-University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Pitea
- Center for Life Nano- and Neuro-Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 00161, Rome, Italy
- D-Tails Srl BC, 00165, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessio Incocciati
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Mura
- Research Center on Nanotechnologies Applied to Engineering of Sapienza (CNIS), Sapienza University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Ruocco
- Center for Life Nano- and Neuro-Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 00161, Rome, Italy
- Department of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Boffi
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
- Center for Life Nano- and Neuro-Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 00161, Rome, Italy
- D-Tails Srl BC, 00165, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Baiocco
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy.
- Center for Life Nano- and Neuro-Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Silvia Di Angelantonio
- Center for Life Nano- and Neuro-Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 00161, Rome, Italy.
- D-Tails Srl BC, 00165, Rome, Italy.
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy.
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2
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Kyalu Ngoie Zola N, Balty C, Vertommen D, Hanseeuw BJ. [Specific modifications of the soluble tau protein distinguish Alzheimer's disease from other tauopathies]. Med Sci (Paris) 2024; 40:328-331. [PMID: 38651955 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/2024032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Kyalu Ngoie Zola
- Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Institut de neurosciences (IONS), Bruxelles, Belgique - Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Institut de Duve (DDUV), Phosphorylation des protéines (PHOS), Bruxelles, Belgique
| | - Clémence Balty
- Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Institut de Duve (DDUV), Phosphorylation des protéines (PHOS), Bruxelles, Belgique
| | - Didier Vertommen
- Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Institut de Duve (DDUV), Plateforme MASSPROT, Bruxelles, Belgique
| | - Bernard Jimmy Hanseeuw
- Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Institut de neurosciences (IONS), Bruxelles, Belgique - Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, département de neurologie, Bruxelles, Belgique - Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), département WELBIO, Institut de recherche WEL, Wavre, Belgique - Harvard medical school, Massachusetts general hospital, Department of radiology, Gordon center for medical imaging, Boston, États-Unis
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3
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Rizzi L, Grinberg LT. Exploring the significance of caspase-cleaved tau in tauopathies and as a complementary pathology to phospho-tau in Alzheimer's disease: implications for biomarker development and therapeutic targeting. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2024; 12:36. [PMID: 38419122 PMCID: PMC10900669 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-024-01744-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Tauopathies are neurodegenerative diseases that typically require postmortem examination for a definitive diagnosis. Detecting neurotoxic tau fragments in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum provides an opportunity for in vivo diagnosis and disease monitoring. Current assays primarily focus on total tau or phospho-tau, overlooking other post-translational modifications (PTMs). Caspase-cleaved tau is a significant component of AD neuropathological lesions, and experimental studies confirm the high neurotoxicity of these tau species. Recent evidence indicates that certain caspase-cleaved tau species, such as D13 and D402, are abundant in AD brain neurons and only show a modest degree of co-occurrence with phospho-tau, meaning caspase-truncated tau pathology is partially distinct and complementary to phospho-tau pathology. Furthermore, these caspase-cleaved tau species are nearly absent in 4-repeat tauopathies. In this review, we will discuss the significance of caspase-cleaved tau in the development of tauopathies, specifically emphasizing its role in AD. In addition, we will explore the potential of caspase-cleaved tau as a biomarker and the advantages for drug development targeting caspase-6. Developing specific and sensitive assays for caspase-cleaved tau in biofluids holds promise for improving the diagnosis and monitoring of tauopathies, providing valuable insights into disease progression and treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liara Rizzi
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Sandler Neurosciences Center, University of California San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Lea T Grinberg
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Sandler Neurosciences Center, University of California San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
- Department of Pathology, LIM-22, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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Kimura T, Sato H, Kano M, Tatsumi L, Tomita T. Novel aspects of the phosphorylation and structure of pathological tau: implications for tauopathy biomarkers. FEBS Open Bio 2024; 14:181-193. [PMID: 37391389 PMCID: PMC10839341 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The deposition of highly phosphorylated and aggregated tau is a characteristic of tauopathies, including Alzheimer's disease. It has long been known that different isoforms of tau are aggregated in different cell types and brain regions in each tauopathy. Recent advances in analytical techniques revealed the details of the biochemical and structural biological differences of tau specific to each tauopathy. In this review, we explain recent advances in the analysis of post-translational modifications of tau, particularly phosphorylation, brought about by the development of mass-spectrometry and Phos-tag technology. We then discuss the structure of tau filaments in each tauopathy revealed by the advent of cryo-EM. Finally, we describe the progress in biofluid and imaging biomarkers for tauopathy. This review summarizes current efforts to elucidate the characteristics of pathological tau and the landscape of the use of tau as a biomarker to diagnose and determine the pathological stage of tauopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taeko Kimura
- Laboratory of Neuropathology and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesThe University of TokyoJapan
| | - Haruaki Sato
- Laboratory of Neuropathology and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesThe University of TokyoJapan
| | - Maria Kano
- Laboratory of Neuropathology and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesThe University of TokyoJapan
| | - Lisa Tatsumi
- Laboratory of Neuropathology and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesThe University of TokyoJapan
| | - Taisuke Tomita
- Laboratory of Neuropathology and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesThe University of TokyoJapan
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Marwaha B. Role of Tau protein in long COVID and potential therapeutic targets. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1280600. [PMID: 37953801 PMCID: PMC10634420 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1280600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Long COVID is an emerging public health burden and has been defined as a syndrome with common symptoms of fatigue, shortness of breath, cognitive dysfunction, and others impacting day-to-day life, fluctuating or relapsing over, occurring for at least two months in patients with a history of probable or confirmed SARS CoV-2 infection; usually three months from the onset of illness and cannot be explained by an alternate diagnosis. The actual prevalence of long-term COVID-19 is unknown, but it is believed that more than 17 million patients in Europe may have suffered from it during pandemic. Pathophysiology Currently, there is limited understanding of the pathophysiology of this syndrome, and multiple hypotheses have been proposed. Our literature review has shown studies reporting tau deposits in tissue samples of the brain from autopsies of COVID-19 patients compared to the control group, and the in-vitro human brain organoid model has shown aberrant phosphorylation of tau protein in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Tauopathies, a group of neurodegenerative disorders with the salient features of tau deposits, can manifest different symptoms based on the anatomical region of brain involvement and have been shown to affect the peripheral nervous system as well and explained even in rat model studies. Long COVID has more than 203 symptoms, with predominant symptoms of fatigue, dyspnea, and cognitive dysfunction, which tauopathy-induced CNS and peripheral nervous system dysfunction can explain. There have been no studies up till now to reveal the pathophysiology of long COVID. Based on our literature review, aberrant tau phosphorylation is a promising hypothesis that can be explored in future studies. Therapeutic approaches for tauopathies have multidimensional aspects, including targeting post-translational modifications, tau aggregation, and tau clearance through the autophagy process with the help of lysosomes, which can be potential targets for developing therapeutic interventions for the long COVID. In addition, future studies can attempt to find the tau proteins in CSF and use those as biomarkers for the long COVID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Marwaha
- Department of Cardiology, Adena Health System, Chillicothe, OH, United States
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6
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Ahn S, Suh JS, Jang YK, Kim H, Han K, Lee Y, Choi G, Kim TJ. TAUCON and TAUCOM: A novel biosensor based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer for detecting tau hyperphosphorylation-associated cellular pathologies. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 237:115533. [PMID: 37517333 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Tauopathies are neurodegenerative diseases characterized by abnormal conformational changes in tau protein. Early hyperphosphorylation-induced conformational changes are considered a hallmark of tauopathy, but real-time tracking methods are lacking. Here, we present two novel fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based tau biosensors that detect such changes with high spatiotemporal resolution at the single-cell level. The TAUCON biosensor measures instantaneous conformational changes in hyperphosphorylated tau within 20 min, while the TAUCOM biosensor detects changes in the paper-clip structure of microtubule-associated tau. Our biosensors provide faster and more precise detection than conventional methods and can serve as valuable tools for investigating the initial causes, mechanisms, progression, and treatment of tauopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanghyun Ahn
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Pusan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Soo Suh
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Pusan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Kwan Jang
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Pusan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Heonsu Kim
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Pusan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Kiseok Han
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Pusan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Yerim Lee
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Pusan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyuho Choi
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Pusan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Jin Kim
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Pusan, 46241, Republic of Korea; Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Pusan, 46241, Republic of Korea; Institute of System Biology, Pusan National University, Pusan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
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7
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Kyalu Ngoie Zola N, Balty C, Pyr Dit Ruys S, Vanparys AAT, Huyghe NDG, Herinckx G, Johanns M, Boyer E, Kienlen-Campard P, Rider MH, Vertommen D, Hanseeuw BJ. Specific post-translational modifications of soluble tau protein distinguishes Alzheimer's disease and primary tauopathies. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3706. [PMID: 37349319 PMCID: PMC10287718 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39328-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Tau protein aggregates in several neurodegenerative disorders, referred to as tauopathies. The tau isoforms observed in post mortem human brain aggregates is used to classify tauopathies. However, distinguishing tauopathies ante mortem remains challenging, potentially due to differences between insoluble tau in aggregates and soluble tau in body fluids. Here, we demonstrated that tau isoforms differ between tauopathies in insoluble aggregates, but not in soluble brain extracts. We therefore characterized post-translational modifications of both the aggregated and the soluble tau protein obtained from post mortem human brain tissue of patients with Alzheimer's disease, cortico-basal degeneration, Pick's disease, and frontotemporal lobe degeneration. We found specific soluble signatures for each tauopathy and its specific aggregated tau isoforms: including ubiquitination on Lysine 369 for cortico-basal degeneration and acetylation on Lysine 311 for Pick's disease. These findings provide potential targets for future development of fluid-based biomarker assays able to distinguish tauopathies in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Kyalu Ngoie Zola
- Universite catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain) and Institute of Neuroscience (IONS), 1200, Brussels, Belgium
- Universite catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain) and de Duve Institute (DDUV), Protein Phosphorylation (PHOS), 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Clémence Balty
- Universite catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain) and de Duve Institute (DDUV), Protein Phosphorylation (PHOS), 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sébastien Pyr Dit Ruys
- Universite catholique de Louvain (UClouvain) and Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Integrated Pharmacometrics, Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacokinetics Group (PMGK), 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Axelle A T Vanparys
- Universite catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain) and Institute of Neuroscience (IONS), 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nicolas D G Huyghe
- Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain) and Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Gaëtan Herinckx
- Universite catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), de Duve Institute (DDUV), and MASSPROT Platform, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Manuel Johanns
- Universite catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain) and de Duve Institute (DDUV), Protein Phosphorylation (PHOS), 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Emilien Boyer
- Universite catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain) and Institute of Neuroscience (IONS), 1200, Brussels, Belgium
- Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Neurology Department, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pascal Kienlen-Campard
- Universite catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain) and Institute of Neuroscience (IONS), 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mark H Rider
- Universite catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain) and de Duve Institute (DDUV), Protein Phosphorylation (PHOS), 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Didier Vertommen
- Universite catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), de Duve Institute (DDUV), and MASSPROT Platform, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bernard J Hanseeuw
- Universite catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain) and Institute of Neuroscience (IONS), 1200, Brussels, Belgium.
- Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Neurology Department, 1200, Brussels, Belgium.
- Universite catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), WELBIO department, WEL Research Institute, avenue Pasteur, 6, 1300, Wavre, Belgium.
- Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Radiology, Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Boston, MA, USA.
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8
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Kim BJ, Grossman M, Aleman TS, Song D, Cousins KAQ, McMillan CT, Saludades A, Yu Y, Lee EB, Wolk D, Van Deerlin VM, Shaw LM, Ying GS, Irwin DJ. Retinal photoreceptor layer thickness has disease specificity and distinguishes predicted FTLD-Tau from biomarker-determined Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging 2023; 125:74-82. [PMID: 36857870 PMCID: PMC10038934 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2023.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
While Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with inner retina thinning (retinal nerve fiber layer and ganglion cell layer), we have observed photoreceptor outer nuclear layer (ONL) thinning in patients with frontotemporal lobar degeneration tauopathy (FTLD-Tau) compared to normal controls. We hypothesized that ONL thinning may distinguish FTLD-Tau from patients with biomarker evidence of AD neuropathologic change (ADNC) and will correlate with FTLD-Tau disease severity. Predicted FTLD-Tau (pFTLD-Tau; n = 21; 33 eyes) and predicted ADNC (pADNC; n = 24; 46 eyes) patients were consecutively enrolled, underwent optical coherence tomography macula imaging, and disease was categorized (pFTLD-Tau vs. pADNC) with cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers, genetic testing, and autopsy data when available. Adjusting for age, sex, and race, pFTLD-Tau patients had a thinner ONL compared to pADNC, while retinal nerve fiber layer and ganglion cell layer were not significantly different. Reduced ONL thickness correlated with worse performance on Folstein Mini-Mental State Examination and clinical dementia rating plus frontotemporal dementia sum of boxes for pFTLD-Tau but not pADNC. Photoreceptor ONL thickness may serve as an important noninvasive diagnostic marker that distinguishes FTLD-Tau from AD neuropathologic change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Scheie Eye Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Murray Grossman
- Department of Neurology, Frontotemporal Degeneration Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Tomas S Aleman
- Department of Ophthalmology, Scheie Eye Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Delu Song
- Department of Ophthalmology, Scheie Eye Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Katheryn A Q Cousins
- Department of Neurology, Frontotemporal Degeneration Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Corey T McMillan
- Department of Neurology, Frontotemporal Degeneration Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Adrienne Saludades
- Department of Ophthalmology, Scheie Eye Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yinxi Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Scheie Eye Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Edward B Lee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Translational Neuropathology Research Laboratory, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Institute on Aging, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David Wolk
- Department of Neurology, Penn Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Institute on Aging, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Vivianna M Van Deerlin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Leslie M Shaw
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Gui-Shuang Ying
- Department of Ophthalmology, Scheie Eye Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David J Irwin
- Department of Neurology, Frontotemporal Degeneration Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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9
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Fiock KL, Betters RK, Hefti MM. Thioflavin S Staining and Amyloid Formation Are Unique to Mixed Tauopathies. J Histochem Cytochem 2023; 71:73-86. [PMID: 36861683 PMCID: PMC10071402 DOI: 10.1369/00221554231158428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Tau phosphorylation, aggregation, and toxicity are the main drivers of neurodegeneration in multiple tauopathies, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration with tau. Although aggregation and amyloid formation are often assumed to be synonymous, the ability of tau aggregates in different diseases to form amyloids in vivo has not been systematically studied. We used the amyloid dye Thioflavin S to look at tau aggregates in mixed tauopathies such as AD and primary age-related tauopathy, as well as pure 3R or 4R tauopathies such as Pick's disease, progressive supranuclear palsy, and corticobasal degeneration. We found that aggregates of tau protein only form thioflavin-positive amyloids in mixed (3R/4R), but not pure (3R or 4R), tauopathies. Interestingly, neither astrocytic nor neuronal tau pathology was thioflavin-positive in pure tauopathies. As most current positron emission tomography tracers are based on thioflavin derivatives, this suggests that they may be more useful for differential diagnosis than the identification of a general tauopathy. Our findings also suggest that thioflavin staining may have utility as an alternative to traditional antibody staining for distinguishing between tau aggregates in patients with multiple pathologies and that the mechanisms for tau toxicity may differ between different tauopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly L. Fiock
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa,
Iowa City, Iowa
- Experimental Pathology Graduate Program,
University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Iowa City,
Iowa
| | - Ryan K. Betters
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa,
Iowa City, Iowa
- Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Graduate
Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Iowa City,
Iowa
| | - Marco M. Hefti
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa,
Iowa City, Iowa
- Experimental Pathology Graduate Program,
University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Iowa City,
Iowa
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10
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Cherry JD, Baucom ZH, Eppich KG, Kirsch D, Dixon ER, Tripodis Y, Bieniek KF, Farrell K, Whitney K, Uretsky M, Crary JF, Dickson D, McKee AC. Neuroimmune proteins can differentiate between tauopathies. J Neuroinflammation 2022; 19:278. [PMID: 36403052 PMCID: PMC9675129 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-022-02640-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tauopathies are a group of neurodegenerative diseases where there is pathologic accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau protein (ptau). The most common tauopathy is Alzheimer's disease (AD), but chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), corticobasal degeneration (CBD), and argyrophilic grain disease (AGD) are significant health risks as well. Currently, it is unclear what specific molecular factors might drive each distinct disease and represent therapeutic targets. Additionally, there is a lack of biomarkers that can differentiate each disease in life. Recent work has suggested that neuroinflammatory changes might be specific among distinct diseases and offers a novel resource for mechanistic targets and biomarker candidates. METHODS To better examine each tauopathy, a 71 immune-related protein multiplex ELISA panel was utilized to analyze anterior cingulate grey matter from 127 individuals neuropathologically diagnosed with AD, CTE, PSP, CBD, and AGD. A partial least square regression analysis was carried out to perform unbiased clustering and identify proteins that are distinctly correlated with each tauopathy correcting for age and gender. Receiver operator characteristic and binary logistic regression analyses were then used to examine the ability of each candidate protein to distinguish diseases. Validation in postmortem cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 15 AD and 14 CTE cases was performed to determine if candidate proteins could act as possible novel biomarkers. RESULTS Five clusters of immune proteins were identified and compared to each tauopathy to determine if clusters were specific to distinct disease. Each cluster was found to correlate with either CTE, AD, PSP, CBD, or AGD. When examining which proteins were the strongest driver of each cluster, it was observed the most distinctive protein for CTE was CCL21, AD was FLT3L, and PSP was IL13. Individual proteins that were specific to CBD and AGD were not observed. CCL21 was observed to be elevated in CTE CSF compared to AD cases (p = 0.02), further validating the use as possible biomarkers. Sub-analyses for male only cases confirmed the results were not skewed by gender differences. CONCLUSIONS Overall, these results highlight that different neuroinflammatory responses might underlie unique mechanisms in related neurodegenerative pathologies. Additionally, the use of distinct neuroinflammatory signatures could help differentiate between tauopathies and act as novel biomarker candidate to increase specificity for in-life diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan D Cherry
- VA Boston Healthcare System, 150 S. Huntington Ave., Boston, MA, 02130, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA , USA.
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Zach H Baucom
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kaleb G Eppich
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel Kirsch
- VA Boston Healthcare System, 150 S. Huntington Ave., Boston, MA, 02130, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA , USA
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Erin R Dixon
- VA Boston Healthcare System, 150 S. Huntington Ave., Boston, MA, 02130, USA
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yorghos Tripodis
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kevin F Bieniek
- Department of Pathology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Gleen Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Kurt Farrell
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Artificial Intelligence, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Neuropathology Brain Bank and Research CoRE, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kristen Whitney
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Artificial Intelligence, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Neuropathology Brain Bank and Research CoRE, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Madeline Uretsky
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John F Crary
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Artificial Intelligence, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Neuropathology Brain Bank and Research CoRE, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dennis Dickson
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Ann C McKee
- VA Boston Healthcare System, 150 S. Huntington Ave., Boston, MA, 02130, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA , USA
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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11
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Parmera JB, de Oliveira MCB, Rodrigues RD, Coutinho AM. Progressive supranuclear palsy and corticobasal degeneration: novel clinical concepts and advances in biomarkers. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2022; 80:126-136. [PMID: 35976324 PMCID: PMC9491415 DOI: 10.1590/0004-282x-anp-2022-s134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and corticobasal degeneration (CBD) are sporadic adult-onset primary tauopathies clinically classified among the atypical parkinsonian syndromes. They are intrinsically related with regard to their clinical features, pathology, biochemistry, and genetic risk factors. OBJECTIVES This review highlights the current knowledge on PSP and CBD, focusing on evolving clinical concepts, new diagnostic criteria, and advances in biomarkers. METHODS We performed a non-systematic literature review through the PubMed database. The search was restricted to articles written in English, published from 1964 to date. RESULTS Clinicopathologic and in vivo biomarkers studies have broadened PSP and CBD clinical phenotypes. They are now recognized as a range of motor and behavioral syndromes associated with underlying 4R-tauopathy neuropathology. The Movement Disorders Society PSP diagnostic criteria included clinical variants apart from the classical description, increasing diagnostic sensitivity. Meanwhile, imaging biomarkers have explored the complexity of symptoms and pathological processes related to corticobasal syndrome and CBD. CONCLUSIONS In recent years, several prospective or clinicopathologic studies have assessed clinical, radiological, and fluid biomarkers that have helped us gain a better understanding of the complexity of the 4R-tauopathies, mainly PSP and CBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacy Bezerra Parmera
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clínicas, Departamento de Neurologia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Roberta Diehl Rodrigues
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clínicas, Departamento de Neurologia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Radiologia, Laboratório de Medicina Nuclear (LIM 44), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Artur Martins Coutinho
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clínicas, Instituto de Radiologia, Centro de Medicina Nuclear, Laboratório de Medicina Nuclear (LIM 43), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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12
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Palta P, Rippon B, Tahmi M, Pardo M, Johnson A, Tomljanovic Z, He H, Laing KK, Razlighi QR, Teresi JA, Moreno H, Brickman AM, Kreisl WC, Luchsinger JA. Sex differences in in vivo tau neuropathology in a multiethnic sample of late middle-aged adults. Neurobiol Aging 2021; 103:109-116. [PMID: 33894641 PMCID: PMC8178209 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2021.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
It is unclear whether women have higher brain tau pathology. The objective of this study was to examine whether women have higher tau burden than men, and whether tau differences are independent of amyloid β (Aβ) burden. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of a multiethnic sample of 252 nondemented late middle-aged (mean age: 64.1 years) adults with tau and amyloid Positron Emission Tomography (PET) data. Tau burden was measured as global standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) in the middle/inferior temporal gyri and medial temporal cortex with 18F-MK-6240 PET. Aβ was measured as global SUVR with 18F-Florbetaben PET. Women had higher middle/inferior temporal gyri tau SUVR compared to men. However, no sex differences in the medial temporal cortex were observed. Women had higher brain Aβ SUVR compared to men. Continuous Aβ SUVR was positively correlated with medial temporal cortex and middle/inferior temporal gyri tau SUVR. However, there was no evidence of effect modification by Aβ SUVR on sex and tau. Compared with men, women in late middle age show higher tau burden, independent of Aβ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Palta
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Joseph P. Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Brady Rippon
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mouna Tahmi
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michelle Pardo
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aubrey Johnson
- Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zeljko Tomljanovic
- Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hengda He
- Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Krystal K Laing
- Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Neurology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Qolamreza R Razlighi
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Neurology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Jeanne A Teresi
- Columbia University Stroud Center at New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY and Research Division, Hebrew Home in Riverdale, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Herman Moreno
- Columbia University Stroud Center at New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY and Research Division, Hebrew Home in Riverdale, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Adam M Brickman
- Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - William C Kreisl
- Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Neurology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - José A Luchsinger
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Joseph P. Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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13
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Abstract
Four-repeat tauopathies are a neurodegenerative disease characterized by brain parenchymal accumulation of a specific isoform of the protein tau, which gives rise to a wide breadth of clinical syndromes encompassing diverse symptomatology, with the most common syndromes being progressive supranuclear palsy-Richardson's and corticobasal syndrome. Despite the lack of effective disease-modifying therapies, targeted treatment of symptoms can improve quality of life for patients with 4-repeat tauopathies. However, managing these symptoms can be a daunting task, even for those familiar with the diseases, as they span motor, sensory, cognitive, affective, autonomic, and behavioral domains. This review describes current approaches to symptomatic management of common clinical symptoms in 4-repeat tauopathies with a focus on practical patient management, including pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic strategies, and concludes with a discussion of the history and future of disease-modifying therapeutics and clinical trials in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawren VandeVrede
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
| | - Peter A Ljubenkov
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Julio C Rojas
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Ariane E Welch
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Adam L Boxer
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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14
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Sakae N, Santos OA, Pedraza O, Litvan I, Murray ME, Duara R, Uitti RJ, Wszolek ZK, Graff-Radford NR, Josephs KA, Dickson DW. Clinical and pathologic features of cognitive-predominant corticobasal degeneration. Neurology 2020; 95:e35-e45. [PMID: 32518146 PMCID: PMC7371382 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000009734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe clinical and pathologic characteristics of corticobasal degeneration (CBD) with cognitive predominant problems during the disease course. METHODS In a series of autopsy-confirmed cases of CBD, we identified patients with cognitive rather than motor predominant features (CBD-Cog), including 5 patients thought to have Alzheimer disease (AD) and 10 patients thought to have behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (FTD). We compared clinical and pathologic features of CBD-Cog with those from a series of 31 patients with corticobasal syndrome (CBD-CBS). For pathologic comparisons between CBD-Cog and CBD-CBS, we used semiquantitative scoring of neuronal and glial lesion types in multiple brain regions and quantitative assessments of tau burden from image analysis. RESULTS Five of 15 patients with CBD-Cog never had significant motor problems during their disease course. The most common cognitive abnormalities in CBD-Cog were executive and visuospatial dysfunction. The frequency of language problems did not differ between CBD-Cog and CBD-CBS. Argyrophilic grain disease, which is a medial temporal tauopathy associated with mild cognitive impairment, was more frequent in CBD-Cog. Apathy was also more frequent in CBD-Cog. Tau pathology in CBD-Cog was greater in the temporal and less in perirolandic cortices than in CBD-CBS. CONCLUSION A subset of patients with CBD has a cognitive predominant syndrome than can be mistaken for AD or FTD. Our findings suggest that distribution of tau cortical pathology (greater in temporal and less in perirolandic cortices) may be the basis of this uncommon clinical variant of CBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobutaka Sakae
- From the Departments of Neuroscience (N.S., M.E.M., D.W.D.), Psychiatry and Psychology (O.A.S., O.P.), and Neurology (R.J.U., Z.K.W., N.R.G.-R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (I.L.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla; Department of Neurology (R.D.), Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL; and Department of Neurology (K.A.J.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Octavio A Santos
- From the Departments of Neuroscience (N.S., M.E.M., D.W.D.), Psychiatry and Psychology (O.A.S., O.P.), and Neurology (R.J.U., Z.K.W., N.R.G.-R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (I.L.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla; Department of Neurology (R.D.), Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL; and Department of Neurology (K.A.J.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Otto Pedraza
- From the Departments of Neuroscience (N.S., M.E.M., D.W.D.), Psychiatry and Psychology (O.A.S., O.P.), and Neurology (R.J.U., Z.K.W., N.R.G.-R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (I.L.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla; Department of Neurology (R.D.), Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL; and Department of Neurology (K.A.J.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Irene Litvan
- From the Departments of Neuroscience (N.S., M.E.M., D.W.D.), Psychiatry and Psychology (O.A.S., O.P.), and Neurology (R.J.U., Z.K.W., N.R.G.-R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (I.L.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla; Department of Neurology (R.D.), Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL; and Department of Neurology (K.A.J.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Melissa E Murray
- From the Departments of Neuroscience (N.S., M.E.M., D.W.D.), Psychiatry and Psychology (O.A.S., O.P.), and Neurology (R.J.U., Z.K.W., N.R.G.-R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (I.L.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla; Department of Neurology (R.D.), Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL; and Department of Neurology (K.A.J.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Ranjan Duara
- From the Departments of Neuroscience (N.S., M.E.M., D.W.D.), Psychiatry and Psychology (O.A.S., O.P.), and Neurology (R.J.U., Z.K.W., N.R.G.-R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (I.L.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla; Department of Neurology (R.D.), Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL; and Department of Neurology (K.A.J.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Ryan J Uitti
- From the Departments of Neuroscience (N.S., M.E.M., D.W.D.), Psychiatry and Psychology (O.A.S., O.P.), and Neurology (R.J.U., Z.K.W., N.R.G.-R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (I.L.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla; Department of Neurology (R.D.), Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL; and Department of Neurology (K.A.J.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Zbigniew K Wszolek
- From the Departments of Neuroscience (N.S., M.E.M., D.W.D.), Psychiatry and Psychology (O.A.S., O.P.), and Neurology (R.J.U., Z.K.W., N.R.G.-R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (I.L.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla; Department of Neurology (R.D.), Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL; and Department of Neurology (K.A.J.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Neill R Graff-Radford
- From the Departments of Neuroscience (N.S., M.E.M., D.W.D.), Psychiatry and Psychology (O.A.S., O.P.), and Neurology (R.J.U., Z.K.W., N.R.G.-R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (I.L.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla; Department of Neurology (R.D.), Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL; and Department of Neurology (K.A.J.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Keith A Josephs
- From the Departments of Neuroscience (N.S., M.E.M., D.W.D.), Psychiatry and Psychology (O.A.S., O.P.), and Neurology (R.J.U., Z.K.W., N.R.G.-R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (I.L.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla; Department of Neurology (R.D.), Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL; and Department of Neurology (K.A.J.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Dennis W Dickson
- From the Departments of Neuroscience (N.S., M.E.M., D.W.D.), Psychiatry and Psychology (O.A.S., O.P.), and Neurology (R.J.U., Z.K.W., N.R.G.-R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (I.L.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla; Department of Neurology (R.D.), Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL; and Department of Neurology (K.A.J.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
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15
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Tao D, Shui B, Gu Y, Cheng J, Zhang W, Jaffrezic-Renault N, Song S, Guo Z. Development of a Label-Free Electrochemical Aptasensor for the Detection of Tau381 and its Preliminary Application in AD and Non-AD Patients' Sera. Biosensors (Basel) 2019; 9:E84. [PMID: 31262001 PMCID: PMC6784373 DOI: 10.3390/bios9030084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The electrochemical aptamer sensor has been designed for detecting tau381, a critical biomarker of Alzheimer's disease in human serum. The aptasensor is obtained by immobilizing the aptamer on a carboxyl graphene/thionin/gold nanoparticle modified glassy-carbon electrode. As a probe and bridge molecule, thionin connected carboxyl graphene and gold nanoparticles, and gave the electrical signal. Under optimal conditions, the increment of differential pulse voltammetry signal increased linearly with the logarithm of tau381 concentration in the range from 1.0 pM to 100 pM, and limit of detection was 0.70 pM. The aptasensor reliability was evaluated by determining its selectivity, reproducibility, stability, detection limit, and recovery. Performance analysis of the tau381 aptasensor in 10 patients' serum samples showed that the aptasensor could screen patients with and without Alzheimer's disease. The proposed aptasensor has potential for use in clinically diagnosing Alzheimer's disease in the early stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Tao
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
- Resources and Environmental Engineering College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Bingqing Shui
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Yingying Gu
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Jing Cheng
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Weiying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Nicole Jaffrezic-Renault
- University of Lyon, Institute of Analytical Sciences, UMR-CNRS 5280, 5, La Doua Street, 69100 Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Shizhen Song
- Resources and Environmental Engineering College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China.
| | - Zhenzhong Guo
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China.
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16
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Besser LM, Mock C, Teylan MA, Hassenstab J, Kukull WA, Crary JF. Differences in Cognitive Impairment in Primary Age-Related Tauopathy Versus Alzheimer Disease. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2019; 78:219-228. [PMID: 30715383 PMCID: PMC6380319 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nly132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This study examined differences in neuropsychological test scores between individuals with primary age-related tauopathy (PART) and Alzheimer disease (AD) using cross-sectional data from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center. Linear regression tested for differences in 4 cognitive domains stratified by cognitive status (global Clinical Dementia Rating [CDR]). The sample included 240 participants with no neuritic plaques (NP) (definite PART), 186 with sparse NP (possible PART), and 510 with moderate/frequent NP (AD). Four cognitive domain z-score outcome variables (memory, attention, executive function, and semantic memory/language) were calculated using 12 neuropsychological tests. Definite PART participants had a sparing of semantic memory/language compared to those with AD, with a mean adjusted z-score difference of 0.37 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.16-0.58) for those with CDR = 0.5 or 1 and of 0.92 (CI: 0.22-1.63) for those with CDR = 2 or 3. Compared to participants with AD, definite PART participants with CDR = 0.5 or 1 had sparing of memory (adjusted z-score difference: 0.61; CI: 0.39-0.84) and definite PART participants with CDR = 2 or 3 had sparing of attention (adjusted z-score difference: 0.76: CI: 0.09-1.43). Patterns of cognitive impairment differed between definite PART and AD, suggesting significant differences in clinical presentation between individuals from these 2 groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilah M Besser
- School of Urban and Regional Planning, Institute for Healthy Aging and Lifespan Studies, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida
| | - Charles Mock
- Department of Epidemiology, National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Merilee A Teylan
- Department of Epidemiology, National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Jason Hassenstab
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Walter A Kukull
- Department of Epidemiology, National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - John F Crary
- Department of Pathology, Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
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17
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Abstract
There is considerable interest in the pathobiology of tau protein, given its potential role in neurodegenerative diseases and aging. Tau is an important microtubule associated protein, required for the assembly of tubulin into microtubules and maintaining structural integrity of axons. Tau has other diverse cellular functions involving signal transduction, cellular proliferation, developmental neurobiology, neuroplasticity, and synaptic activity. Alternative splicing results in tau isoforms with differing microtubule binding affinity, differing representation in pathological inclusions in certain disease states, and differing roles in developmental biology and homeostasis. Tau haplotypes confer differing susceptibility to neurodegeneration. Tau phosphorylation is a normal metabolic process, critical in controlling tau's binding to microtubules, and is ongoing within the brain at all times. Tau may be hyperphosphorylated, and may aggregate as detectable fibrillar deposits in tissues, in both aging and neurodegenerative disease. The hypothesis that p-tau is neurotoxic has prompted constructs related to isomers, low-n assembly intermediates or oligomers, and the "tau prion". Human postmortem studies have elucidated broad patterns of tauopathy, with tendencies for those patterns to differ as a function of disease phenotype. However, there is extensive overlap, not only between genuine neurodegenerative diseases, but also between aging and disease. Recent studies highlight uniqueness to pathological patterns, including a pattern attributed to repetitive head trauma, although clinical correlations have been elusive. The diagnostic process for tauopathies and neurodegenerative diseases in general is challenging in many respects, and may be particularly problematic for postmortem evaluation of former athletes and military service members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudy J. Castellani
- Departments of Pathology and Neuroscience, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - George Perry
- College of Sciences, University of Texas, San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
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18
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Saijo E, Groveman BR, Kraus A, Metrick M, Orrù CD, Hughson AG, Caughey B. Ultrasensitive RT-QuIC Seed Amplification Assays for Disease-Associated Tau, α-Synuclein, and Prion Aggregates. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1873:19-37. [PMID: 30341601 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8820-4_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
The abnormal assembly of tau, α-synuclein (αSyn), or prion protein into oligomers and multimers underpins the molecular pathogenesis of multiple neurodegenerative diseases. Such pathological aggregates can often grow by seeded polymerization mechanisms. We and others have taken advantage of these mechanisms to amplify seeding activities in vitro and devise ultrasensitive, specific and quantitative assays for these etiological biomarkers. Real-time quaking-induced conversion (RT-QuIC) assays are performed in multiwell plates with fluorescent readouts, facilitating efficient throughput. Prion RT-QuIC assays on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples are being widely used for antemortem diagnosis of human prion diseases. Recently, we have also described a tau RT-QuIC prototype that has been optimized for Pick disease (with predominant 3R tau pathology) that detects 3R tau seeds in postmortem CSF, and brain tissue dilutions as extreme as a billion-fold. αSyn RT-QuIC prototypes have also been developed, providing ~92% diagnostic sensitivity and 100% specificity for Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies using antemortem CSF. Here we provide detailed protocols for our 3R tau and αSyn RT-QuIC assays and refer the reader to published up-to-date protocols for prion RT-QuIC assays (Orru et al. Methods Mol Biol 1658:185-203, 2017; Schmitz et al. Nat Protoc 11:2233-2242, 2016).
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Affiliation(s)
- Eri Saijo
- Rocky Mountain Laboratories, NIAID, NIH, Hamilton, MT, USA
| | | | - Allison Kraus
- Rocky Mountain Laboratories, NIAID, NIH, Hamilton, MT, USA
| | | | | | | | - Byron Caughey
- Rocky Mountain Laboratories, NIAID, NIH, Hamilton, MT, USA.
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Rajasekhar K, Narayanaswamy N, Murugan NA, Viccaro K, Lee HG, Shah K, Govindaraju T. Aβ plaque-selective NIR fluorescence probe to differentiate Alzheimer's disease from tauopathies. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 98:54-61. [PMID: 28649025 PMCID: PMC6370041 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Selective detection and staining of toxic amyloid plaques, a potential biomarker present in the Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain is crucial for both clinical diagnosis and monitoring AD disease progression. Herein, we report a coumarin-quinoline (CQ) conjugate-based turn-on near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence probe for specific detection of β-amyloid (Aβ) aggregates. CQ probe is highly sensitive and exhibits ~100-fold fluorescence enhancement in vitro upon binding Aβ aggregates with enhanced quantum yield. Furthermore, the probe has ~10-fold higher binding affinity towards Aβ aggregates (86nM) compared to commonly used Thioflavin T. Most importantly, CQ probe displays unambiguous selectivity towards Aβ aggregates compared to other toxic protein aggregates such as tau, α-synuclein (α-Syn) and islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP). In addition, CQ is nontoxic to neuronal cells and shows significant blood brain barrier permeability. Remarkably, CQ stains Aβ plaques in human brain tissue over co-existing tau aggregates and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), which are associated in AD and tauopathies. This is a highly desirable attribute to distinguish AD from tau pathology and mixed dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Rajasekhar
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur P.O., Bengaluru 560064, Karnataka, India
| | - Nagarjun Narayanaswamy
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur P.O., Bengaluru 560064, Karnataka, India
| | - N Arul Murugan
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Keith Viccaro
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Hyoung-Gon Lee
- Department of Biology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
| | - Kavita Shah
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Thimmaiah Govindaraju
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur P.O., Bengaluru 560064, Karnataka, India.
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Abstract
PURPOSE [(18)F]AV-1451 is a positron emission tomography (PET) radioligand for detecting paired helical filament tau. Our aim was to estimate the radiation dose of [(18)F]AV-1451 in humans. PROCEDURES Whole-body PET scans were acquired for six healthy volunteers (three male, three female) for 128 min after injection of [(18)F]AV-1451 (268 ± 31 MBq). Radiation doses were estimated using the OLINDA/EXM software. RESULTS The estimated organ doses ranged from 7.81 to 81.2 μSv/MBq. The critical organ for radiation burden was the liver. Radiation doses to the reproductive and blood-forming organs were 14.15, 8.43, and 18.35 μSv/MBq for the ovaries, testes, and red marrow, respectively. The mean effective dose was 22.47 ± 3.59 μSv/MBq. CONCLUSIONS A standard single injection of 185 MBq (5 mCi) results in an effective dose of 4.7 mSv in a healthy subject. Therefore, [(18)F]AV-1451 could be used in multiple PET scans of the same subject per year.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Yong Choi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chul Hyoung Lyoo
- Department of Neurology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Hoon Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hanna Cho
- Department of Neurology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyeong Min Kim
- Molecular Imaging Research Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin Su Kim
- Molecular Imaging Research Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young Hoon Ryu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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21
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Josephs KA, Murray ME, Tosakulwong N, Whitwell JL, Knopman DS, Machulda MM, Weigand SD, Boeve BF, Kantarci K, Petrucelli L, Lowe VJ, Jack CR, Petersen RC, Parisi JE, Dickson DW. Tau aggregation influences cognition and hippocampal atrophy in the absence of beta-amyloid: a clinico-imaging-pathological study of primary age-related tauopathy (PART). Acta Neuropathol 2017; 133:705-715. [PMID: 28160067 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-017-1681-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We investigate whether there is any association between the Braak neurofibrillary tangle (NFT) stage and clinical and MRI features in definite primary age-related tauopathy (PART). We analysed 52 cases with a Braak NFT tangle stage >0 and ≤IV, and a Thal phase of 0 (no beta-amyloid present). Twenty-nine (56%) were female. Median age at death was 88 years (IQR 82-92 years). Fifteen (29%) were TDP-positive (75% TDP stage I), 16 (31%) had argyrophilic grain disease and three (6%) had alpha-synuclein-positive Lewy bodies. TDP-43 inclusion when present were rare and predominantly perivascular. Of the 15 with TDP-43, three showed a moderate number of inclusions and also had hippocampal sclerosis, neuronal intranuclear inclusions and fine neurites of the CA1 region of the hippocampus. Four cases (8%) had an apolipoprotein epsilon 4 (APOE4) allele. There was a significant correlation between age at death and Braak NFT stage (r = 0.32, p = 0.02). After accounting for age at clinical examination, there were significant associations between Braak NFT stage, and WAIS-R Block Design and Trail Making Tests A and B, with higher Braak stage associated with poorer performances. Thirty of the 52 cases had completed an antemortem volumetric head MRI. Two separate MRI analyses revealed an association between higher Braak NFT stage and grey matter atrophy in the head of the left hippocampus. There were no significant clinical or radiologic associations with TDP-43. Findings from this study demonstrate that aggregated tau distribution is associated with poorer cognitive performance, as well as atrophy, in the absence of beta-amyloid. These findings support the parcellation of definite PART as a useful construct. The relatively low frequencies of APOE4, TDP-43, Lewy bodies, and hippocampal sclerosis, and the rarity and morphology of TDP-43 lesions are noted contrasts to what is typically observed in Alzheimer's disease of the old.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith A Josephs
- Behavioral Neurology, Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
- Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | | | - Nirubol Tosakulwong
- Biostatistics, Department of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jennifer L Whitwell
- Radiology Research, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - David S Knopman
- Behavioral Neurology, Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Mary M Machulda
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Stephen D Weigand
- Biostatistics, Department of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Bradley F Boeve
- Behavioral Neurology, Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Kejal Kantarci
- Radiology Research, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Val J Lowe
- Radiology Research, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Clifford R Jack
- Radiology Research, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Ronald C Petersen
- Behavioral Neurology, Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Joseph E Parisi
- Neuropathology, Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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Ehler E, Pipka M, Meleková A, Mandysová P, Johanidesová S, Matěj R, Rusina R. The Heidenhain variant of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and concomitant tau pathology: A case report. Neurol Neurochir Pol 2017; 51:197-200. [PMID: 28236445 DOI: 10.1016/j.pjnns.2017.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The Heidenhain form of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a rare CJD variant with predominantly visual symptoms in the early stages. Clinical manifestations of metamorphopsia, hemianopia and Balint's syndrome correlate with the involvement of the posterior cortical regions. A 71-year old healthy and very active man was admitted because of impaired visual acuity, hemianopia, and gait disturbance progressing over one week. MRI found typical cortical hyperintensities in the occipital regions while rhythm slowing and sharp waves were seen in the occipital regions on EEG. Protein 14-3-3 was detected in the cerebrospinal fluid. Postmortem neuropathology revealed typical histopathological changes consistent with CJD. Moreover, we found deposits of phosphorylated tau protein in the limbic regions that met the criteria for primary age-related tauopathy (PART); representing an additional and interesting finding in our case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edvard Ehler
- Department of Neurology, Regional Hospital Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Pipka
- Department of Neurology, Regional Hospital Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Meleková
- Department of Neurology, Regional Hospital Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Mandysová
- Faculty of Health Studies, University of Pardubice, Pardubice, Czech Republic; Department of Neurology, Regional Hospital Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Silvie Johanidesová
- Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and the General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Radoslav Matěj
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Pathology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and the General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Robert Rusina
- Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and the General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Neurology, Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
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23
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Boman A, Svensson S, Boxer A, Rojas JC, Seeley WW, Karydas A, Miller B, Kågedal K, Svenningsson P. Distinct Lysosomal Network Protein Profiles in Parkinsonian Syndrome Cerebrospinal Fluid. J Parkinsons Dis 2016; 6:307-15. [PMID: 27061067 PMCID: PMC4927933 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-150759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical diagnosis of parkinsonian syndromes like Parkinson's disease (PD), corticobasal degeneration (CBD) and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is hampered by overlapping symptomatology and lack of diagnostic biomarkers, and definitive diagnosis is only possible post-mortem. OBJECTIVE Since impaired protein degradation plays an important role in many neurodegenerative disorders, we hypothesized that profiles of select lysosomal network proteins in cerebrospinal fluid could be differentially expressed in these parkinsonian syndromes. METHODS Cerebrospinal fluid samples were collected from PD patients (n = 18), clinically diagnosed 4-repeat tauopathy patients; corticobasal syndrome (CBS) (n = 3) and PSP (n = 8); and pathologically diagnosed PSP (n = 8) and CBD patients (n = 7). Each patient set was compared to its appropriate control group consisting of age and gender matched individuals. Select lysosomal network protein levels were detected via Western blotting. Factor analysis was used to test the diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the select lysosomal network protein expression profiles. RESULTS PD, CBD and PSP were markedly different in their cerebrospinal fluid lysosomal network protein profiles. Lysosomal-associated membrane proteins 1 and 2 were significantly decreased in PD; early endosomal antigen 1 was decreased and lysozyme increased in PSP; and lysosomal-associated membrane proteins 1 and 2, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 and lysozyme were increased in CBD. A panel of lysosomal-associated membrane protein 2, lysozyme and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain discriminated between controls, PD and 4-repeat tauopathies. CONCLUSIONS This study offers proof of concept that select lysosomal network proteins are differentially expressed in cerebrospinal fluid of Parkinson's disease, corticobasal syndrome and progressive supranuclear palsy. Lysosomal network protein analysis could be further developed as a diagnostic fluid biomarker in parkinsonian syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Boman
- Experimental Pathology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Translational Neuropharmacology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Samuel Svensson
- Developmental Biology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- CBD Solutions, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Adam Boxer
- Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Julio C. Rojas
- Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - William W. Seeley
- Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Anna Karydas
- Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Bruce Miller
- Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Katarina Kågedal
- Experimental Pathology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Per Svenningsson
- Translational Neuropharmacology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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24
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Yamada M. [Primary age-related tauopathy (PART): a novel term to describe age-related tangle pathology encompassing a wide range from cognitively normal condition to senile dementia of the neurofibrillary tangle type]. Nihon Rinsho 2016; 74:471-475. [PMID: 27025089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
It has been reported that neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) are commonly observed in older people, and that some of older individuals with dementia have a large amount of NFTs in the medial temporal lobe without amyloid(Aβ) plaques, which have been referred to as senile dementia of the NFT type (SD-NFT), tangle-predominant senile dementia (TPSD), or tangle-only dementia. In 2014, our international collaborative group proposed a new term, "primary age-related tauopathy(PART)", to describe such age-related tangle pathology, clinically encompassing a wide range from normal to cognitive impairment/ dementia (SD-NFT). This nomenclature would provide a conceptual foundation for future studies leading to development of clinical diagnosis for this condition.
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25
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Duyckaerts C, Braak H, Brion JP, Buée L, Del Tredici K, Goedert M, Halliday G, Neumann M, Spillantini MG, Tolnay M, Uchihara T. PART is part of Alzheimer disease. Acta Neuropathol 2015; 129:749-56. [PMID: 25628035 PMCID: PMC4405349 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-015-1390-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 226] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Revised: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
It has been proposed that tau aggregation confined to entorhinal cortex and hippocampus, with no or only minimal Aβ deposition, should be considered as a 'primary age-related tauopathy' (PART) that is not integral to the continuum of sporadic Alzheimer disease (AD). Here, we examine the evidence that PART has a pathogenic mechanism and a prognosis which differ from those of AD. We contend that no specific property of the entorhinal-hippocampal tau pathology makes it possible to predict either a limited progression or the development of AD, and that biochemical differences await an evidence base. On the other hand, entorhinal-hippocampal tau pathology is an invariant feature of AD and is always associated with its development. Rather than creating a separate disease entity, we recommend the continued use of an analytical approach based on NFT stages and Aβ phases with no inference about hypothetical disease processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Duyckaerts
- Laboratoire de Neuropathologie Escourolle, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, 47 Bd de l'Hôpital, 75651, Paris Cedex 13, France,
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26
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Wells JA, O'Callaghan JM, Holmes HE, Powell NM, Johnson RA, Siow B, Torrealdea F, Ismail O, Walker-Samuel S, Golay X, Rega M, Richardson S, Modat M, Cardoso MJ, Ourselin S, Schwarz AJ, Ahmed Z, Murray TK, O'Neill MJ, Collins EC, Colgan N, Lythgoe MF. In vivo imaging of tau pathology using multi-parametric quantitative MRI. Neuroimage 2015; 111:369-78. [PMID: 25700953 PMCID: PMC4626540 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2014] [Revised: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
As the number of people diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease (AD) reaches epidemic proportions, there is an urgent need to develop effective treatment strategies to tackle the social and economic costs of this fatal condition. Dozens of candidate therapeutics are currently being tested in clinical trials, and compounds targeting the aberrant accumulation of tau proteins into neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) are the focus of substantial current interest. Reliable, translatable biomarkers sensitive to both tau pathology and its modulation by treatment along with animal models that faithfully reflect aspects of the human disease are urgently required. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is well established as a valuable tool for monitoring the structural brain changes that accompany AD progression. However the descent into dementia is not defined by macroscopic brain matter loss alone: non-invasive imaging measurements sensitive to protein accumulation, white matter integrity and cerebral haemodynamics probe distinct aspects of AD pathophysiology and may serve as superior biomarkers for assessing drug efficacy. Here we employ a multi-parametric array of five translatable MRI techniques to characterise the in vivo pathophysiological phenotype of the rTg4510 mouse model of tauopathy (structural imaging, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), arterial spin labelling (ASL), chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) and glucose CEST). Tau-induced pathological changes included grey matter atrophy, increased radial diffusivity in the white matter, decreased amide proton transfer and hyperperfusion. We demonstrate that the above markers unambiguously discriminate between the transgenic group and age-matched controls and provide a comprehensive profile of the multifaceted neuropathological processes underlying the rTg4510 model. Furthermore, we show that ASL and DTI techniques offer heightened sensitivity to processes believed to precede detectable structural changes and, as such, provides a platform for the study of disease mechanisms and therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Wells
- UCL Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, Division of Medicine and Institute of Child Health, University College London, UK.
| | - J M O'Callaghan
- UCL Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, Division of Medicine and Institute of Child Health, University College London, UK
| | - H E Holmes
- UCL Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, Division of Medicine and Institute of Child Health, University College London, UK
| | - N M Powell
- UCL Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, Division of Medicine and Institute of Child Health, University College London, UK; Translational Imaging Group, Centre for Medical Imaging Computing, University College London, UK
| | - R A Johnson
- Eli Lilly & Co. Ltd, Erl Wood Manor, Windlesham, Surrey GU20 6PH, UK
| | - B Siow
- UCL Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, Division of Medicine and Institute of Child Health, University College London, UK
| | - F Torrealdea
- Brain Repair & Rehabilitation, Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK
| | - O Ismail
- UCL Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, Division of Medicine and Institute of Child Health, University College London, UK
| | - S Walker-Samuel
- UCL Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, Division of Medicine and Institute of Child Health, University College London, UK
| | - X Golay
- Brain Repair & Rehabilitation, Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK
| | - M Rega
- Brain Repair & Rehabilitation, Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK
| | - S Richardson
- UCL Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, Division of Medicine and Institute of Child Health, University College London, UK
| | - M Modat
- Translational Imaging Group, Centre for Medical Imaging Computing, University College London, UK
| | - M J Cardoso
- Translational Imaging Group, Centre for Medical Imaging Computing, University College London, UK
| | - S Ourselin
- Translational Imaging Group, Centre for Medical Imaging Computing, University College London, UK
| | - A J Schwarz
- Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA
| | - Z Ahmed
- Eli Lilly & Co. Ltd, Erl Wood Manor, Windlesham, Surrey GU20 6PH, UK
| | - T K Murray
- Eli Lilly & Co. Ltd, Erl Wood Manor, Windlesham, Surrey GU20 6PH, UK
| | - M J O'Neill
- Eli Lilly & Co. Ltd, Erl Wood Manor, Windlesham, Surrey GU20 6PH, UK
| | - E C Collins
- Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA
| | - N Colgan
- UCL Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, Division of Medicine and Institute of Child Health, University College London, UK
| | - M F Lythgoe
- UCL Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, Division of Medicine and Institute of Child Health, University College London, UK
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27
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Sabater L, Gaig C, Gelpi E, Bataller L, Lewerenz J, Torres-Vega E, Contreras A, Giometto B, Compta Y, Embid C, Vilaseca I, Iranzo A, Santamaría J, Dalmau J, Graus F. A novel non-rapid-eye movement and rapid-eye-movement parasomnia with sleep breathing disorder associated with antibodies to IgLON5: a case series, characterisation of the antigen, and post-mortem study. Lancet Neurol 2014; 13:575-86. [PMID: 24703753 DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(14)70051-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 319] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autoimmunity might be associated with or implicated in sleep and neurodegenerative disorders. We aimed to describe the features of a novel neurological syndrome associated with prominent sleep dysfunction and antibodies to a neuronal antigen. METHODS In this observational study, we used clinical and video polysomnography to identify a novel sleep disorder in three patients referred to the Sleep Unit of Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Spain, for abnormal sleep behaviours and obstructive sleep apnoea. These patients had antibodies against a neuronal surface antigen, which were also present in five additional patients referred to our laboratory for antibody studies. These five patients had been assessed with polysomnography, which was done in our sleep unit in one patient and the recording reviewed in a second patient. Two patients underwent post-mortem brain examination. Immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry were used to characterise the antigen and develop an assay for antibody testing. Serum or CSF from 298 patients with neurodegenerative, sleep, or autoimmune disorders served as control samples. FINDINGS All eight patients (five women; median age at disease onset 59 years [range 52-76]) had abnormal sleep movements and behaviours and obstructive sleep apnoea, as confirmed by polysomnography. Six patients had chronic progression with a median duration from symptom onset to death or last visit of 5 years (range 2-12); in four the sleep disorder was the initial and most prominent feature, and in two it was preceded by gait instability followed by dysarthria, dysphagia, ataxia, or chorea. Two patients had a rapid progression with disequilibrium, dysarthria, dysphagia, and central hypoventilation, and died 2 months and 6 months, respectively, after symptom onset. In five of five patients, video polysomnography showed features of obstructive sleep apnoea, stridor, and abnormal sleep architecture (undifferentiated non-rapid-eye-movement [non-REM] sleep or poorly structured stage N2, simple movements and finalistic behaviours, normalisation of non-REM sleep by the end of the night, and, in the four patients with REM sleep recorded, REM sleep behaviour disorder). Four of four patients had HLA-DRB1*1001 and HLA-DQB1*0501 alleles. All patients had antibodies (mainly IgG4) against IgLON5, a neuronal cell adhesion molecule. Only one of the 298 controls, who had progressive supranuclear palsy, had IgLON5 antibodies. Neuropathology showed neuronal loss and extensive deposits of hyperphosphorylated tau mainly involving the tegmentum of the brainstem and hypothalamus in the two patients studied. INTERPRETATION IgLON5 antibodies identify a unique non-REM and REM parasomnia with sleep breathing dysfunction and pathological features suggesting a tauopathy. FUNDING Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias, Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red de enfermedades neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) and Respiratorias (CIBERES), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Fundació la Marató TV3, and the National Institutes of Health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Sabater
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carles Gaig
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain; Multidisciplinary Sleep Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ellen Gelpi
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Neurological Tissue Bank of the Biobanc-Hospital Clinic-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luis Bataller
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jan Lewerenz
- Department of Neurology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | | | | | - Bruno Giometto
- Department of Neurology, Regional Hospital "Ca' Foncello" Treviso, Italy
| | | | - Cristina Embid
- Multidisciplinary Sleep Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Respiratory Diseases, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabel Vilaseca
- Multidisciplinary Sleep Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Ear, Nose and Throat, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alex Iranzo
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain; Multidisciplinary Sleep Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Santamaría
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Dalmau
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Graus
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain.
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Hellwig S, Frings L, Bormann T, Kreft A, Amtage F, Spehl TS, Weiller C, Tüscher O, Meyer PT. Neural correlates of cognitive dysfunction in Lewy body diseases and tauopathies: combined assessment with FDG-PET and the CERAD test battery. Brain Lang 2013; 127:307-314. [PMID: 24183466 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2013.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2013] [Revised: 09/05/2013] [Accepted: 10/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We investigated disease-specific cognitive profiles and their neural correlates in Lewy-body diseases (LBD) and tauopathies by CERAD assessment and FDG-PET. Analyses revealed a significant interaction between reduced semantic fluency in tauopathies and impaired verbal learning in LBD. Semantic fluency discriminated between groups with high accuracy (83%). Compared to LBD, tauopathy patients showed bilateral hypometabolism of midbrain, thalamus, middle cingulate gyrus and supplementary motor/premotor cortex. In the reverse contrast, LBD patients exhibited bilateral hypometabolism in posterior parietal cortex, precuneus and inferior temporal gyrus extending into occipital and frontal cortices. In diagnosis-independent voxel-based analyses, verbal learning/memory correlated with left temporal and right parietal metabolism, while fluency was coupled to bilateral striatal and frontal metabolism. Naming correlated with left frontal metabolism and drawing with metabolism in bilateral temporal and left frontal regions. In line with disease-specific patterns of regional glucose metabolism, tauopathies and LBD show distinct cognitive profiles, which may assist clinical differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Hellwig
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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29
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Irwin DJ, Cohen TJ, Grossman M, Arnold SE, McCarty-Wood E, Van Deerlin VM, Lee VMY, Trojanowski JQ. Acetylated tau neuropathology in sporadic and hereditary tauopathies. Am J Pathol 2013; 183:344-51. [PMID: 23885714 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2013.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Revised: 04/16/2013] [Accepted: 04/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We have recently shown acetylation of tau at lysine residue 280 (AC-K280) to be a disease-specific modification in Alzheimer disease (AD), corticobasal degeneration, and progressive supranuclear palsy, likely representing a major regulatory tau modification. Herein, we extend our observations using IHC with a polyclonal antibody specific for AC-K280. Thirty brain regions were examined in argyrophilic grain disease (AGD; n = 5), tangle-predominant senile dementia (TPSD; n = 5), Pick disease (n = 4), familial AD (FAD; n = 2; PSEN1 p.G206A and p.S170P), and frontotemporal dementia with parkinsonism linked to chromosome-17 (FTDP-17; n = 2; MAPT p.P301L and IVS10 + 16). All AGD, TPSD, FAD, and FTDP-17 cases had significant AC-K280 reactivity that was similar in severity and distribution to phosphorylated tau. AC-K280 robustly labeled grain pathological characteristics in AGD and was predominantly associated with thioflavin-S-positive neurofibrillary tangles and less reactive in neuropil threads and extracellular tangles in TPSD and FAD. Thioflavin-S-negative neuronal and glial inclusions of patients with FTDP-17 were robustly AC-K280 reactive. A low degree of AC-K280 was found in a subset of 4-repeat tau-containing lesions in Pick disease. AC-K280 is a prominent feature of both neuronal and glial tau aggregations in tauopathies of various etiologies. The close association of AC-K280 with amyloid and pre-amyloid conformations of tau suggests a potential role in tangle maturation and, thus, could serve as a useful biomarker or therapeutic target in a variety of tauopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Irwin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-4283, USA
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30
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Wu J, Nie SD, Wang S. Tau pathology in diabetes mellitus. Pharmazie 2013; 68:649-652. [PMID: 24020118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative tauopathy characterized by hyperphosphorylation tau has been implicated in the pathophysiology of diabetic central nervous system (CNS) complication. Emerging evidence has suggested that hyperphosphorylation tau is caused by an imbalance of protein kinase and phosphatase activity. This review focuses on the contributions of impaired insulin signaling to diabetes-related tauopathy through disrupting the balance of tau-related protein kinases and phosphatases. In addition, we describe tau pathology as a potential target for central neuronal degeneration in diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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31
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Abe K, Kurata T. [Corticobasal degeneration and diagnostic criteria]. Nihon Rinsho 2011; 69 Suppl 10 Pt 2:399-404. [PMID: 22755222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Koji Abe
- Department of Neurology, Okayama University
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32
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Ahmed Z, Doherty KM, Silveira-Moriyama L, Bandopadhyay R, Lashley T, Mamais A, Hondhamuni G, Wray S, Newcombe J, O'Sullivan SS, Wroe S, de Silva R, Holton JL, Lees AJ, Revesz T. Globular glial tauopathies (GGT) presenting with motor neuron disease or frontotemporal dementia: an emerging group of 4-repeat tauopathies. Acta Neuropathol 2011; 122:415-28. [PMID: 21773886 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-011-0857-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2011] [Revised: 06/30/2011] [Accepted: 07/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A number of recent studies have described cases with tau-positive globular oligodendroglial inclusions (GOIs) and such cases have overlapping pathological features with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), but present with clinical features of motor neuron disease (MND) and/or frontotemporal dementia (FTD). These two clinical phenotypes have been published independently and as a result, have come to be considered as distinct disease entities. We describe the clinicopathological and biochemical features of two cases with GOIs: one with clinical symptoms suggestive of MND and the other with FTD. Histological changes in our two cases were consistent with their clinical symptoms; the MND case had severe neurodegeneration in the primary motor cortex and corticospinal tract, whereas the FTD case had severe involvement of the frontotemporal cortices and associated white matter. Immunohistochemistry in both cases revealed significant 4-repeat (4R) tau pathology primarily in the form of GOIs, but also in astrocytes and neurons. Astrocytic tau pathology was morphologically similar to that seen in PSP, but in contrast was consistently negative for Gallyas silver staining. Tau-specific western blotting revealed 68, 64 and 35 kDa bands, showing further overlap with PSP. The underlying neuropathological features of these two cases were similar, with the major difference relating to the regional distribution of pathology and resulting clinical symptoms and signs. The globular nature of glial inclusions and the non-fibrillar properties of tau in astrocytes are characteristic features that allow them to be distinguished from PSP and other tauopathies. We, therefore, propose the term globular glial tauopathy as an encompassing term to classify this emerging class of 4R tauopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeshan Ahmed
- Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders, Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, 1 Wakefield Street, London, WC1N 1PJ, UK
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Levy R. [Progressive supranuclear palsy: what's new?]. Geriatr Psychol Neuropsychiatr Vieil 2011; 9:191-201. [PMID: 21690028 DOI: 10.1684/pnv.2011.0271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) has been described as a clinical syndrome characterized by an impairment of voluntary control of gaze (supranuclear palsy), postural and gait instability, and behavioral and cognitive deficits including a frontal syndrome and psychic retardation. However, in the recent years, at least four other clinical forms of PSP have been recognized: PSP-Parkinsonism, "pure akinesia with gait freezing", PSP with cortico-basal syndrome, and PSP with speech apraxia. PSP-Parkinsonism mimics the signs and symptoms of idiopathic Parkinson's disease, including a significant reactivity to levodopa. "Pure akinesia with gait freezing" is characterized by a difficulty of self-initiation of motor programs, usually walking program. PSP with cortico-basal syndrome mimics cortico-basal degeneration (CBD) in that unilateral or asymmetric limb dystonia and apraxia are prominent signs. PSP with speech apraxia is an isolated syndrome of progressive anarthria. All these clinical syndromes are due to brain accumulation of phosphorylated tau protein. The differences in clinical expression within the framework of PSP can be explained by the differences in the topographical distribution of the lesions. PSP is considered as a primary tau disease ("tauopathy") such as CBD and some forms of fronto-temporal lobar degeneration. At the level of neuropathology, the pattern of tau abnormal inclusions differentiates PSP from other tau diseases, but some overlaps are reported. Moreover, several of the clinical forms of PSP partially or fully overlap with the other tauopathies. As a whole, the emergence of new clinical forms of PSP challenges the nosology of tauopathies and our understanding of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Levy
- Service de Neurologie, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, AP-HP; Medu 975, Paris.
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34
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Jellinger KA, Grazer A, Petrovic K, Ropele S, Alpi G, Kapeller P, Ströbel T, Schmidt R. Four-repeat tauopathy clinically presenting as posterior cortical atrophy: atypical corticobasal degeneration? Acta Neuropathol 2011; 121:267-77. [PMID: 20571819 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-010-0712-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2010] [Revised: 06/14/2010] [Accepted: 06/15/2010] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
A man aged 55 with negative family history presented with progressive decline in spatial orientation and visual functions for 2 years. He showed impaired optic fixation, optic ataxia, agraphia, acalculia, ideomotor apraxia, disturbed right-left differentiation but preserved color matching, memory and motor perception, gradually progressing to dementia, without extrapyramidal signs. Brain MRI and PET showed severe bilateral atrophy and hypometabolism in parieto-occipital areas with sparing of visual perception area and frontal lobes. Treatment with cholinesterase inhibitors had no effect. Death occurred 6½ years after onset of symptoms from bronchopneumonia. Clinical diagnosis was posterior cortical atrophy (Benson's syndrome). Autopsy showed severe bilateral parietal cortical atrophy, less severe in other brain regions without subcortical lesions. Histology revealed severe diffuse tauopathy with neuronal loss, neurofibrillary tangles, neuropil threads, and tau deposits in astroglia and oligodendroglia in parietal, temporal, occipital cortex, less in frontal cortex and hippocampus, putamen, claustrum, thalamus and subthalamus. Severely involved white matter showed many tau-positive threads, comma-like inclusions in oligodendroglia (coiled bodies) and in astroglia. Mild neuronal loss in substantia nigra was associated with massive tau pathology, also involving several brainstem nuclei, cerebellum being preserved. There were neither astrocytic plaques nor any amyloid pathology. Neuronal and glial inclusions were generally 4R-tau-positive and 3R-tau-negative. No TDP-43 and α-synuclein inclusions were detected. Spinal cord was not available. No mutations were found in the MAPT gene. This is the first published case with the fully developed clinical and neuroimaging picture of posterior cortical atrophy, morphologically presenting as a distinct phenotype of 4R-tauopathy that closely resembles (atypical) CBD.
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35
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Kantarci K, Boeve BF, Wszolek ZK, Rademakers R, Whitwell JL, Baker MC, Senjem ML, Samikoglu AR, Knopman DS, Petersen RC, Jack CR. MRS in presymptomatic MAPT mutation carriers: a potential biomarker for tau-mediated pathology. Neurology 2010; 75:771-8. [PMID: 20805522 PMCID: PMC2938968 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e3181f073c7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H MRS) changes in carriers of microtubule-associated protein (MAPT) mutations in a case-control study. METHODS Patients with MAPT mutations (N279K, V337M, R406W, IVS9-10G>T, P301L) from 5 different families (n = 24) underwent MRI and single voxel (1)H MRS from the posterior cingulate gyrus inferior precuneus at 3 T. Ten of the patients were symptomatic with median Clinical Dementia Rating sum of boxes score (CDR-SOB) of 6.5 and 14 patients were presymptomatic with CDR-SOB of 0. Age- and sex-matched controls (n = 24) were recruited. RESULTS Symptomatic MAPT mutation carriers were characterized by decreased N-acetylaspartate/creatine (NAA/Cr) ratio, an index of neuronal integrity, increased myoinositol (mI)/Cr ratio, a possible marker for glial activity, decreased NAA/mI, and hippocampal atrophy (p < 0.001). Whereas presymptomatic MAPT mutation carriers had elevated mI/Cr and decreased NAA/mI (p < 0.001), NAA/Cr levels and hippocampal volumes were not different from controls. Decrease in NAA/Cr (R(2) = 0. 22; p = 0.021) and hippocampal volumes (R(2) = 0.46; p < 0.001) were associated with proximity to the expected or actual age at symptom onset in MAPT mutation carriers. CONCLUSION (1)H MRS metabolite abnormalities characterized by an elevated mI/Cr and decreased NAA/mI are present several years before the onset of symptoms in MAPT mutation carriers. The data suggest an ordered sequencing of the (1)H MRS and MRI biomarkers. MI/Cr, a possible index of glial proliferation, precedes the decrease in neuronal integrity marker NAA/Cr and hippocampal atrophy. (1)H MRS may be a useful inclusion biomarker for preventive trials in presymptomatic carriers of MAPT mutations and possibly other proteinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kantarci
- Departmentsof Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. kantarci.kejal@mayo
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Oba H, Tokumaru A. [Magnetic resonance imaging for frontotemporal lobar degeneration]. Brain Nerve 2009; 61:1269-1273. [PMID: 19938683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) has been clinically categorized into 3 subtypes: frontotemporal dementia, semantic dementia, and progressive nonfluent aphasia. The histological subtypes of FTLD are Pick disease, corticobasal degeneration, dementia with grain, dementia with ubiquitin-positive tau-negative inclusions, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with dementia. In this paper, I briefly describe the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in Pick disease, progressive nonfluent aphasia, semantic dementia, and dementia with grain. In Pick disease, so-called knife-blade atrophy is seen in the frontal and temporal lobes at a relatively early stage of the disease. In progressive nonfluent aphasia atrophy is seen in the upper part of the left frontal lobe. Marked atrophy in the left temporal pole is observed in patients with semantic dementia, and asymmetrical atrophy around the ambient gyri is detected in patients who have dementia with grains. Although such focal atrophy can be observed on routine MRI, it is more easily detected on voxel-based morphometry and voxel-based specific regional analysis system for Alzheimer disease (VSRAD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Oba
- Department of Radiology, Teikyo University Hospital, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8606, Japan
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Compta Y, Valldeoriola F, Tolosa E, Rey MJ, Martí MJ, Valls-Solé J. Long lasting pure freezing of gait preceding progressive supranuclear palsy: a clinicopathological study. Mov Disord 2008; 22:1954-8. [PMID: 17724746 DOI: 10.1002/mds.21612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary progressive freezing of gait (PPFG) is the term used to designate an uncommon condition featuring freezing of gait with frequent falls, without bradykinesia, rigidity or tremor, and unresponsive to levodopa. There are very few pathological reports of patients with PPFG in the literature. We report on 2 patients (one with pathological confirmation) diagnosed initially as PPFG and evolving into clinically defined progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) more than 10 years after onset of symptoms. These 2 cases suggest that PPFG can represent the initial manifestation of a neurodegenerative disease, such as PSP, rather than a differentiated nosological entity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaroslau Compta
- Servei de Neurologia, Institut Clínic de Neurociències, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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Shulman A, Goldstein B, Strashun AM. Central nervous system neurodegeneration and tinnitus: a clinical experience. Part II: translational neurovascular theory of neurodegenerative CNS disease and tinnitus. Int Tinnitus J 2008; 14:43-51. [PMID: 18616086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The translation of a neurovascular hypothesis for Alzheimer's disease to subjective idiopathic tinnitus (SIT) is presented as a challenge to the predominantly sensorineural view of SIT and its clinical application for tinnitus treatment. The concept of neurovascular dysfunction and neurodegeneration (ND) in SIT patients has been proposed and reported as an etiology in a particular subset of tinnitus patients with a diagnosis of medical-audiological tinnitus, through a medical-audiological tinnitus patient protocol, to be a predominantly central-type, severe, disabling SIT (n = 54 of 96). A medical-audiological ND tinnitus profile was the basis for selection of 18 SIT patients (n = 18 of 54) for nuclear medicine brain imaging (i.e., single-photon emission computed tomography or positron emission tomography, or both). Objective findings were reported in 16 of this cohort of 18 SIT patients selected for nuclear medicine imaging (88.9%). Classification of central nervous system (CNS) ND and tinnitus differentiated between (1) ND, nonspecific and of unknown etiology; (2) ND manifested by perfusion asymmetries in brain associated with ischemia (n = 11 of 18); and (3) ND CNS disease consistent with nuclear medicine criteria for senile dementia Alzheimer's-type disease (n = 5 of 18). The diagnosis was associated with cerebrovascular disease (n = 16 of 18). The identification of pathological processes of inflammation and ischemia, linked to ND, in a particular cohort of SIT patients may provide a basis for establishing the medical significance and treatment of SIT and influence the clinical course of the tinnitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abraham Shulman
- Department of Otolaryngology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA.
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Chun W, Waldo GS, Johnson GVW. Split GFP complementation assay: a novel approach to quantitatively measure aggregation of tau in situ: effects of GSK3beta activation and caspase 3 cleavage. J Neurochem 2007; 103:2529-39. [PMID: 17908237 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2007.04941.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
To quantitatively measure tau aggregation in situ, we established a cell model system using a split green fluorescence protein (GFP) complementation assay. In this assay the more aggregated the protein of interest the lower the GFP fluorescence. Tau microtubule-binding domain constructs, whose aggregation characteristics have been described previously (Khlistunova et al. 2006), were used to validate the assay. The aggregation-prone construct exhibited the lowest GFP intensity whereas the aggregation-resistant construct showed the highest GFP intensity. To examine the role of glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK3beta) activity and caspase 3 cleavage on tau aggregation, GFP complementation of full length (T4), caspase-cleaved (T4C3), and pseudophosphorylated at S396/S404 (T4-2EC) tau was examined in the presence of an active or a kinase-dead GSK3beta. Extensive phosphorylation of T4 by GSK3beta resulted in increased GFP intensity. T4C3 showed neither efficient phosphorylation nor a significant GFP intensity change by GSK3beta. The GFP intensity of T4-2EC was significantly reduced by GSK3beta accompanying its presence in the sarkosyl-insoluble fraction, thus demonstrating that T4-2EC was partitioning into aggregates. This indicates that if the majority of tau is phosphorylated at S396/S404, in combination with increased GSK3beta activity, tau aggregation is favored. These data demonstrate that split GFP complementation may be a valuable approach to determine the aggregation process in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanjoo Chun
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Alabama, USA
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De Cock VC, Lannuzel A, Verhaeghe S, Roze E, Ruberg M, Derenne JP, Willer JC, Vidailhet M, Arnulf I. REM sleep behavior disorder in patients with guadeloupean parkinsonism, a tauopathy. Sleep 2007; 30:1026-32. [PMID: 17702273 PMCID: PMC1978393 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/30.8.1026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE To describe sleep characteristics and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder in patients with Guadeloupean atypical parkinsonism (Gd-PSP), a tauopathy resembling progressive supranuclear palsy that mainly affects the midbrain. It is possibly caused by the ingestion of sour sop (corossol), a tropical fruit containing acetogenins, which are mitochondrial poisons. DESIGN Sleep interview, motor and cognitive tests, and overnight videopolysomnography. PATIENTS Thirty-six age-, sex-, disease-duration- and disability-matched patients with Gd-PSP (n = 9), progressive supranuclear palsy (a tauopathy, n = 9), Parkinson disease (a synucleinopathy, n = 9) and controls (n = 9). SETTINGS Tertiary-care academic hospital. RESULTS REM sleep behavior disorder was found in 78% patients with Gd-PSP (43% of patients reported having this disorder several years before the onset of parkinsonism), 44% of patients with idiopathic Parkinson disease, 33% of patients with progressive supranuclear palsy, and no controls. The percentage of muscle activity during REM sleep was greater in patients with Gd-PSP than in controls (limb muscle activity, 8.3%+/-8.7% vs 0.1%+/- 0.2%; chin muscle activity, 24.3%+/- 23.7% vs 0.7%+/-2.0%) but similar to that of other patient groups. The latency and percentage of REM sleep were similar in patients with Gd-PSP, patients with Parkinson disease, and controls, whereas patients with progressive supranuclear palsy had delayed and shortened REM sleep. CONCLUSION Although Gd-PSP is a tauopathy, most patients experience REM sleep behavior disorder. This suggests that the location of neuronal loss or dysfunction in the midbrain, rather than the protein comprising the histologic lesions (synuclein versus tau aggregation), is responsible for suppressing muscle atonia during REM sleep. Subjects with idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder should avoid eating sour sop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Cochen De Cock
- Service de Neurologie, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
- INSERM UMR 679, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Annie Lannuzel
- INSERM UMR 679, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, Paris, France
- Service de Neurologie, Hôpital de Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe
| | - Stéphane Verhaeghe
- Service de Neurologie, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
- Service de Neurologie, Hôpital de Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe
| | - Emmanuel Roze
- Service de Neurologie, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Merle Ruberg
- INSERM UMR 679, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Jean Philippe Derenne
- Fédération des Pathologies du Sommeil and Upres EA 239, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris, Paris, France
| | - Jean Claude Willer
- Fédération des Pathologies du Sommeil and Upres EA 239, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris, Paris, France
- INSERM U731, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Marie Vidailhet
- Service de Neurologie, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
- INSERM UMR 679, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Arnulf
- Fédération des Pathologies du Sommeil and Upres EA 239, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris, Paris, France
- Address correspondence to: Dr. Isabelle Arnulf,
Fédération des Pathologies du Sommeil, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75651 Paris Cedex 13, France
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Murray R, Neumann M, Forman MS, Farmer J, Massimo L, Rice A, Miller BL, Johnson JK, Clark CM, Hurtig HI, Gorno-Tempini ML, Lee VMY, Trojanowski JQ, Grossman M. Cognitive and motor assessment in autopsy-proven corticobasal degeneration. Neurology 2007; 68:1274-83. [PMID: 17438218 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000259519.78480.c3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical features of autopsy-proven corticobasal degeneration (CBD). METHODS We evaluated symptoms, signs, and neuropsychological deficits longitudinally in 15 patients with autopsy-proven CBD and related these observations directly to the neuroanatomic distribution of disease. RESULTS At presentation, a specific pattern of cognitive impairment was evident, whereas an extrapyramidal motor abnormality was present in less than half of the patients. Follow-up examination revealed persistent impairment of apraxia and executive functioning, worsening language performance, and preserved memory. The motor disorder emerged and worsened as the condition progressed. Statistical analysis associated cognitive deficits with tau-immunoreactive pathology that is significantly more prominent in frontal and parietal cortices and the basal ganglia than temporal neocortex and the hippocampus. CONCLUSION The clinical diagnosis of corticobasal degeneration should depend on a specific pattern of impaired cognition as well as an extrapyramidal motor disorder, reflecting the neuroanatomic distribution of disease in frontal and parietal cortices and the basal ganglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Murray
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104-4283, USA
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Abstract
In a previous report, we presented longitudinal clinical, cognitive and anatomical data of a right-handed woman, whose clinical picture evolved from progressive nonfluent aphasia with apraxia of speech to corticobasal syndrome (CBS) in the last stage of the disease. The patient died at age 57 and pathological examination revealed severe atrophy in the left frontal operculum and left premotor area. On histological examination, there was diffuse tau-positive pathology in gray and white cortical hemispheric gray and white matter, basal ganglia and substantia nigra, compatible with corticobasal degeneration (CBD). This case demonstrates the clinical overlap between frontotemporal lobar degeneration and CBD. In this case, early motor speech impairment predicted earlier and more accurately than CBS the presence of underlying tau-pathology and CBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Sánchez-Valle
- UCSF Memory and Aging Center, San Francisco, California 94143-1207, USA
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The syndromes of frontotemporal lobar degeneration are increasingly recognized as an important cause of early-onset dementia. Diagnostic consensus criteria have now been established for almost a decade, and form the framework for its clinical classification. While these criteria remain useful, a growing body of evidence suggests that revisions may be necessary to improve their validity and applicability. RECENT FINDINGS In each individual syndrome, the core features are not uniformly present, and criteria that are currently used to exclude a condition, such as impaired episodic memory, are often present. Imaging, however, may warrant increased diagnostic prominence, particularly for diagnosis in semantic dementia and prognosis in behavioural syndromes. There is clinical and pathological overlap between the syndromes, but the clinical distinction between progressive nonfluent aphasia and semantic dementia is strengthening. Several series have refined our understanding of the correspondence between clinical syndromes and histopathological subtype: strong for tau-negative, ubiquitin-positive forms and more variable for tau-positive forms, yet prospective studies are still rare. The influence of genetic factors varies substantially across the syndromes. SUMMARY Further research should aim to integrate detailed clinical, radiological, pathological and genetic information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan A Knibb
- aUniversity of Cambridge Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
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Karnik NS, D'Apuzzo M, Greicius M. Non-fluent progressive aphasia, depression, and OCD in a woman with progressive supranuclear palsy: neuroanatomical and neuropathological correlations. Neurocase 2006; 12:332-8. [PMID: 17182396 DOI: 10.1080/13554790601125957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This paper details the case of a 64-year-old woman who presented to the psychiatry service with worsening mood in the context of a diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). On further examination she was found to have clinical findings consistent with frontotemporal lobar degeneration of the non-fluent progressive aphasia subtype. At post-mortem she was found to have progressive supranuclear palsy. We argue, in retrospect, that her OCD was likely prodromal to the development of her dementia. This case highlights the fact that frontotemporal lobar degeneration/progressive supranuclear palsy (FTLD/PSP) and other "tauopathies" represent a complex group of neurodegenerative disorders that may masquerade for many years as refractory psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niranjan S Karnik
- Department of Anthropology, History & Social Medicine, University of California School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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Abstract
Neurofibrillary degeneration (NFD) occurs in the brains of patients with myotonic dystrophy (DM) type 1. The authors report a similar tau pathology in the CNS of a patient with DM2 and compare it to that of patients with DM1. A reduced expression of tau exon 2 and exon 3 epitopes is observed in both DM1 and DM2. This suggests a similar physiopathologic process that may contribute to common neurologic features in patients with DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Maurage
- INSERM U422, Faculté de Médecine, Lille, France.
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Josephs KA, Petersen RC, Knopman DS, Boeve BF, Whitwell JL, Duffy JR, Parisi JE, Dickson DW. Clinicopathologic analysis of frontotemporal and corticobasal degenerations and PSP. Neurology 2006; 66:41-8. [PMID: 16401843 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000191307.69661.c3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 315] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the relationship between early clinical features, pathologies, and biochemistry of the frontotemporal lobar degenerations (FTLDs), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), and corticobasal degeneration (CBD). METHODS The authors conducted pathologic reexamination with the most recent immunohistochemistry of all cases diagnosed with FTLD, PSP, and CBD between 1970 and 2004. The authors also reviewed the early clinical features for clinical diagnosis and application of published research criteria. RESULTS Of 127 cases analyzed, 57 had a pathologic diagnosis of FTLD, 49 PSP, and 21 CBD. Of these, 38 were clinically reclassified as frontal variant frontotemporal dementia (FTD), 13 as progressive non-fluent aphasia (PNFA), 21 as CBD-like, 33 as PSP-like, and 13 with frontotemporal dementia with coexisting motor neuron disease (FTD-MND). The authors were unable to classify nine cases. All cases of FTD-MND were tau-negative and had pathologic evidence of motor neuron degeneration. All cases classified as PSP-like or CBD-like had tau-positive pathology. Of the 13 cases with PNFA, PSP and CBD accounted for almost 70% of the cases, while FTD was almost equally divided between tau-positive and tau-negative diseases. CONCLUSION Frontotemporal lobar degeneration, corticobasal degeneration (CBD), and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) have overlapping clinical features. The prediction of tau-positive pathology from a CBD or PSP-like presentation is good, while the frontotemporal dementia (FTD)-motor neuron disease syndrome almost certainly predicts motor neuron degeneration. Surprisingly, PSP and CBD accounted for most cases classified as progressive non-fluent aphasia. Frontal variant FTD is an unpredictable disease in terms of its biochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Josephs
- Division of Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
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48
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotake Uchikado
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
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49
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald C Petersen
- Mayo Alzheimer's Disease Research Center Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA.
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50
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Papapetropoulos S, Scaravilli T, Morris H, An SF, Henderson DC, Quinn NP, Scaravilli F, Bhatia KP. Young onset limb spasticity with PSP-like brain and spinal cord NFT-tau pathology. Neurology 2005; 64:731-3. [PMID: 15728304 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000150622.87222.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A 30-year-old white man presented with a sporadic form of gradually progressive spastic gait and, later, supranuclear vertical and horizontal gaze palsy, mild cognitive impairment, loss of postural reflexes, and falls. DNA analysis revealed H1/H1 haplotype without tau gene (exons 9 to 13) mutation. Eight years later, postmortem revealed a tauopathy similar to progressive supranuclear palsy. Unusual aspects were early age at onset, neurofibrillary tangle, and tau involvement of the cord.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Papapetropoulos
- Sobell Department of Movement Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London, United Kingdom
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