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Luo Y, Li Y, Su Y, Yin H, Hu N, Wang S, Lu Q. Abnormal DNA methylation in T cells from patients with subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus. Br J Dermatol 2008; 159:827-33. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2008.08758.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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252
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Ma Y, Cai S, Lu Q, Lu X, Jiang Q, Zhou J, Zhang C. Inhibition of protein deacetylation by trichostatin A impairs microtubule-kinetochore attachment. Cell Mol Life Sci 2008; 65:3100-9. [PMID: 18759129 PMCID: PMC11131606 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-008-8237-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Inhibition of protein deacetylation arrests cells in mitosis, but the mechanism is unknown. To understand why inhibiting protein deacetylation causes cell cycle arrest, we treated HeLa cells beyond G1/S transition with trichostatin A (TSA), a potent protein deacetylase inhibitor, and found that the cells arrested at prometaphase with ectopic spindles and unaligned chromosomes. The hyper-acetylated cells encountered a serious microtubule (MT)-kinetochore attachment problem, although the kinetochores are intact at ultrastructural level. By immunofluorescence staining of kinetochore proteins, we found that the pericentromeric H3K9Me3-HP1 pathway was disrupted and that the CENP-A-dependent outer plate protein dynamics of kinetochores was greatly diminished by the drug treatment. The treatment also caused the loss of chromosome passenger complex (CPC), the proposed error checking system, from centromere and impaired the microtubule dynamics of the cells. Overall, we propose that deacetylation inhibition impairs MT-kinetochore attachment through disrupting the centromere function and altering the kinetochore composition and MT dynamics.
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253
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Liu NF, Lu Q, Wang CG, Zhou JG. Magnetic resonance imaging as a new method to diagnose protein losing enteropathy. Lymphology 2008; 41:111-115. [PMID: 19013878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The main cause of protein losing enteropathy (PLE) in children is intestinal lymphangiectasia. PLE is commonly diagnosed with radiotracer scintigraphy. We report the use of magnetic resonant imaging in diagnosis of a child with primary PLE. MRI clearly revealed abnormality in intestine and mesentery and dilated thoracic duct and mesenteric lymphatic as well as prominent subcutaneous lymphatics in the extremity. We conclude that MRI is a useful tool in diagnose of primary PLE.
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254
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Wang Y, Liang Y, Lu Q. MicroRNA epigenetic alterations: predicting biomarkers and therapeutic targets in human diseases. Clin Genet 2008; 74:307-15. [PMID: 18713257 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2008.01075.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) consist of a class of evolutionarily conserved small non-coding RNA that regulates target messenger RNAs by mechanisms such as incomplete base pairing and post-transcriptional gene silencing. Recent studies have shown that aberrant miRNA expression is a common feature of many human disorders including aging, heart diseases, cancer, autoimmune diseases and others. It seems likely that miRNA expression levels can be used as novel diagnostic markers. MiRNAs may also provide a new strategy for therapeutic interventions. In this review, we focus on recent advances in understanding how miRNA changes contribute to disease development and their potential as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for human diseases.
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Dowdall J, Greenberg R, West K, Moon M, Lu Q, Francis C, Pfaff K. Separation of Components in Fenestrated and Branched Endovascular Grafting – Branch Protection or a Potentially New Mode of Failure? Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2008; 36:2-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2008.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2007] [Accepted: 02/23/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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256
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Partridge T, Yokota T, Lu Q, Hoffman E, Alter J, Takeda S, Kobayashi M, Nakamura A. T.O.2 Systemic delivery of morpholino oligonucleotides to skip mutations in the dystrophin gene of the mouse and dog. Neuromuscul Disord 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2007.06.457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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257
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Yan L, Wang W, Chen Z, Lu W, Lu Q, Cheng W, Wen T, Xu M, Yang J. Small-for-size syndrome secondary to outflow block of the segments V and VIII anastomoses--successful treatment with trans-splenic artery embolization: a case report. Transplant Proc 2007; 39:1699-703. [PMID: 17580225 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2007.03.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2006] [Revised: 03/20/2007] [Accepted: 03/22/2007] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite the rapid expansion of living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) in the adult population over the last few years, small-for-size syndrome (SFSS) has emerged as an important clinical problem. We have herein reported a patient who developed clinical evidence of prolonged cholestasis and intractable ascites after a small-for-size right lobe LDLT. The SFSS was attributed to outflow block of segments V and VIII anastomoses with severe portal overperfusion injury. It was successfully treated by reduction of portal pressure and blood flow after trans-splenic arterial ligation. We recommend that trans-splenic artery embolization, a technically simple procedure, be applied to treat portal overperfusion injury in SFSS.
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Lu Q, Shen N, Li XM, Chen SL. Genomic view of IFN-α response in pre-autoimmune NZB/W and MRL/lpr mice. Genes Immun 2007; 8:590-603. [PMID: 17728792 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gene.6364421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Interferon (IFN)-alpha is involved in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus. Studies in murine lupus models have revealed that type I IFN exerts either a protective effect in MRL/lpr, or can detrimentally impact disease progression, as in NZB/W mice. To understand this paradox, we examined the kinetic global gene expression in pre-autoimmune NZB/W-, MRL/lpr- and normal BALB/c-derived splenic mononuclear cells following ex vivo IFN-alpha treatment. Analysis of IFN-alpha-induced gene expression patterns revealed genes associated with antiproliferative activity of IFN-alpha including CDKN1A, GADD45B, pituitary tumor-transforming 1, SCOTIN, ataxia telangiectasia-mutated homolog and calcyclin-binding protein were upregulated in MRL/lpr and/or BALB/c mice. Of IFN-alpha-induced genes differentially expressed in NZB/W vs BALB/c and MRL/lpr mice at 3 h time point, enhanced expression of CCND1, cyclin D2, matrix metalloproteinase 13 and a panel of cytokines and chemokines and impaired expression of negative inflammatory regulators CD69 and an Src family kinase hemopoietic cell kinase were notable. Interestingly, the splenic mononuclear cells from the NZB/W not MRL/lpr lupus-prone mice at the pre-autoimmune stage before ex vivo IFN-alpha treatment, have increased expression of many known IFN-regulated genes. These results provide a unique genomic view of ex vivo IFN-alpha response in two lupus-prone models, and help to have an insight into the role of IFN-alpha in lupus pathogenesis.
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259
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Shen XZ, Lu Q, Deng L, Yu S, Zhang H, Deng Q, Jiang M, Hu Y, Yao KH, Yang YH. Resistance of Haemophilus influenzae isolates in children under 5 years old with acute respiratory infections in China between 2000 and 2002. J Int Med Res 2007; 35:554-63. [PMID: 17697534 DOI: 10.1177/147323000703500416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This prospective, three-centre study tested for antimicrobial susceptibility in 898 isolates of Haemophilus influenzae between 2000 and 2002 in Chinese children aged under 5 years with acute upper respiratory tract infection. The average incidence of beta-lactamase production was 12.0%. Overall, 88.0% of isolates were susceptible to ampicillin, 100.0% were susceptible to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ceftriaxone, cefuroxime and azithromycin, and 99.0% were susceptible to ciprofloxacin. Isolates from Beijing and Shanghai had a lower susceptibility to tetracycline (57.0% and 61.0%, respectively) compared with those from Guangzhou (81.0%), while trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole susceptibilities in Shanghai (47.0%) and Guangzhou (54.0%) were significantly higher than in Beijing (35.0%). A total of 34.5% of all the isolates were susceptible to all eight of these antimicrobial agents and 12.8% were multi-drug resistant. Ampicillin resistance increased over the duration of the study. These findings show that beta-lactamase production and ampicillin resistance among isolates from Chinese children with upper respiratory tract infection are increasing, and highlight the strong correlation between ampicillin resistance and resistance to cefaclor, chloramphenicol and tetracycline in H. influenzae isolates.
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260
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Jayatilake JAMS, Samaranayake LP, Lu Q, Jin LJ. IL-1alpha, IL-1ra and IL-8 are differentially induced by Candida in experimental oral candidiasis. Oral Dis 2007; 13:426-33. [PMID: 17577331 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-0825.2007.01318.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the expression of interleukin-1alpha (IL-1alpha), IL-1ra and IL-8 by the oral epithelium challenged by various Candida species. MATERIALS AND METHODS In vitro candidiasis was induced by C. albicans wild type SC5314, its EFG1, CPH1 and secretory aspartyl proteinase (SAP) mutants and, ATCC isolates of C. albicans, C. tropicalis and C. dubliniensis using a reconstituted human oral epithelium (RHOE) model. IL-1alpha, IL-1ra and IL-8 levels in culture media were quantified by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at 12, 24 and 48 h. Fungal invasion and IL-1ra expression in RHOE were detected by periodic acid-Schiff staining and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Overall, the invasive Candida induced relatively higher levels of IL-1alpha, IL-1ra and IL-8 in the culture media than the noninvasive isolates. IL-1alpha and IL-1ra levels induced by Candida with hyphal invasion were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than those induced by the isolates without hyphal invasion at 12, 24 and 48 h. Candida albicans SC5314 induced IL-1ra expression in RHOE at 12 and 24 h but not at 48 h consistent with its hyphal invasion; while the noninvasive mutants and non-albicans Candida induced IL-1ra expression at 48 h. CONCLUSIONS The cytokine expression profiles in experimental oral candidiasis may be associated with the invasive potential of Candida.
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261
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Lu Q, Wen J, Zhang H. Effect of chronic heat exposure on fat deposition and meat quality in two genetic types of chicken. Poult Sci 2007; 86:1059-64. [PMID: 17495073 DOI: 10.1093/ps/86.6.1059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of chronic heat stress on growth, proportion of carcass and fat deposition, and meat quality were investigated in 2 genetic types of chickens. One hundred and eight 5-wk-old male chickens from a commercially fast-growing strain (Arbor Acres, AA) and a locally slow-growing species (Beijing You chicken, BJY) were kept in the following conditions: constant optimal ambient temperature at 21 degrees C and ad libitum feeding (21AL), constant high ambient temperature at 34 degrees C and ad libitum feeding (34AL), and constant optimal ambient temperature 21 degrees C and pair-fed to the 34AL chickens (21PF). The results showed that feed intakes were decreased by heat exposure in both type of chickens at 8 wk of age (P<0.001). At 34 degrees C, AA broilers exhibited greatly decreased weight gain (22.38 vs. 61.45 g/d for 21AL) and lower breast proportion compared with 21AL, while the relevant indices of BJY chickens were not affected in hot condition. Abdominal fat deposition of BJY chickens was enhanced by heat exposure (P<0.05). Fat deposition of AA broilers was decreased in heat-exposed and pair-fed chickens. Abdominal and intermuscular fat deposition in 34AL birds, however, were enhanced compared with 21PF birds (P<0.01). The L* values, drip loss, initial pH, and shear force of breast meat in BJY chickens were not affected by treatments. In AA birds, chronic heat stress increased L* values and drip loss compared with 21AL, but pH and shear force were not affected by treatments. The results from this study indicated that the impact of heat stress was breed dependent and that BJY chickens showed higher resistance to high ambient temperature, which could be related to their increased feed efficiency and deposition of abdominal fat under heat exposure.
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262
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Yao K, Shen X, Yul S, Lu Q, Deng L, Ye Q, Zhang H, Deng Q, Hu Y, Yang Y. Antimicrobial resistance and serotypes of nasopharyngeal strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Chinese children with acute respiratory infections. J Int Med Res 2007; 35:253-67. [PMID: 17542413 DOI: 10.1177/147323000703500210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This prospective, multicentre, nasal carriage study in Chinese children with upper respiratory infection was carried out over the period from 2000 to 2002. Overall, the prevalence of pneumococcal carriage was 24.9%. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed for 887 isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae of which 33.5% were intermediately susceptible to penicillin and 6.4% were resistant. Multidrug resistance was very common. Pneumococcal strains (n = 625) were serotyped, showing 72.2% were covered by the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine and 57.6% by the seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. Serogroups 19 and 23 were significantly associated with penicillin resistance, which is increasing in China. Erythromycin, tetracycline and sulphamethoxazole/trimethoprim cannot be recommended as first-line treatments for respiratory tract infection as in some other developing countries. These features of serotype distribution are of importance for surveillance in the era of the new conjugate vaccine. In particular, these features will allow for documentation of serotype replacement after the introduction of widespread vaccination.
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263
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Sun S, Wang S, Ge N, Lei T, Lu Q, Zhou Z, Yang A, Wang Z, Sun M. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided interstitial chemotherapy in the pancreas: results in a canine model. Endoscopy 2007; 39:530-4. [PMID: 17554649 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-966353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIM Interstitial chemotherapy using surgically implanted, biodegradable polymers has been reported. Our aim in this study was to investigate the feasibility and safety of endoscopic ultrasound- (EUS-) guided interstitial chemotherapy of the pancreas in a canine model. MATERIALS AND METHODS A therapeutic 19-gauge needle with a large channel was inserted into the pancreas under EUS guidance. The polymers for sustained intratumoral release of 5-fluorouracil were implanted into the tissue by the needle. After 14 days of clinical observation, the animals were sacrificed and the tissue response to the local chemotherapy was examined. RESULTS All the polymers were implanted successfully and no implant migration occurred. Localized tissue fibrous necrosis was achieved in the pancreas, without significant complications. The apoptotic index of the tissue within 1 cm of the focus increased. Biochemical parameters were normal in all the dogs. CONCLUSIONS EUS-guided implantation of polymers is a safe, simple, and minimally invasive technique for interstitial chemotherapy in the pancreas.
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264
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Zhang Y, Xu W, Shen K, Xie Z, Sun L, Lu Q, Liu C, Liang G, Beeler JA, Anderson LJ. Genetic variability of group A and B human respiratory syncytial viruses isolated from 3 provinces in China. Arch Virol 2007; 152:1425-34. [PMID: 17510775 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-007-0984-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2006] [Accepted: 04/07/2007] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The genetic variability of HRSV in China was studied using nucleotide sequencing of the hypervariable C-terminal region of the G protein gene and phylogenetic analysis on 80 isolates obtained from three children's hospitals over a period of three epidemic seasons, 1990/1991, 2000/2001, and 2003/2004. The results showed that 76/80 of these isolates belonged to group A and 4/80 belonged to group B. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that most of the group A isolates were genotype GA2 (74/76 isolates), and the other two isolates were GA3 and GA5. All group B isolates clustered into genotype GB3. There was substantial variation among the GA2 isolates, with nucleotide sequence and amino acid homologies ranging from 88.1-100% and 78.4-100%, respectively, in the hypervariable C-terminal region of the G protein gene. One group B virus, HRSV/Beijing/B/04/11, contained a 60-nucleotide duplication in the C-terminal region of the G protein, which was similar to what has been reported previously for isolates in several countries. This is the first report on the genetic diversity of human respiratory syncytial virus isolated during epidemic periods from children in China. These data provided a preliminary evaluation of patterns of circulation and the genetic diversity of isolates associated with HRSV epidemics within China.
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265
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Chen A, Liao WP, Lu Q, Wong WSF, Wong PTH. Upregulation of dihydropyrimidinase-related protein 2, spectrin alpha II chain, heat shock cognate protein 70 pseudogene 1 and tropomodulin 2 after focal cerebral ischemia in rats--a proteomics approach. Neurochem Int 2007; 50:1078-86. [PMID: 17196711 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2006.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2006] [Accepted: 11/22/2006] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, there are an increasing number of proteomics studies that investigated the alterations in the protein expression relevant to human diseases but none for stroke. We, therefore, attempted such a study in a paradigm of focal cerebral ischemia in rat. Rats were subjected to cerebral ischemia by unilateral occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. Global protein analysis was performed after 24h on the lesioned and sham-control cerebral cortex using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Protein spots with more than a 3-fold change in intensity were identified by mass spectrometry. Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) caused infarct volume of 18-22% predominantly in the cortex of the lesioned hemisphere. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis resolved about 1500 protein spots of which only 12 were significantly upregulated by 3-46-fold. Three spots were identified to be dihydropyrimidinase-related protein 2 (DRP-2, also known as collapsin response mediator protein 2 (CRMP-2) or turned on after division, 64 kD protein (TOAD-64)). The spots varied in pI values only and this may reflect different phosphorylation status of the same protein. Two spots were identified as spectrin alpha II chain (rat fragment, also known as alpha-fodrin or non-erythroid alpha chain, SPNA-2); and one spot each for heat shock cognate protein 70 pseudogene 1 (HSC70-ps1, also known as heat shock protein 8 pseudogene 1), and tropomodulin 2 (Tmod2). The upregulation of protein expression was corroborated by observed upregulation of mRNA expression. The remaining five spots were not identified satisfactorily. As DRP-2, spectrin, and Tmod2 are involved in axonal and neurite growth as well as synaptic plasticity and maturation, the presently observed upregulation of the expression of these proteins may indicate active neuroregeneration and repair at 24h after the induction of cerebral ischemia.
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266
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Lu Q, Qiu X, Hu N, Wen H, Su Y, Richardson BC. Epigenetics, disease, and therapeutic interventions. Ageing Res Rev 2006; 5:449-67. [PMID: 16965942 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2006.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2006] [Revised: 07/20/2006] [Accepted: 07/24/2006] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Heritable changes in gene expression that do not involve coding sequence modifications are referred to as "epigenetic". Epigenetic mechanisms principally include DNA methylation and a variety of histone modifications, of which the best characterized is acetylation. DNA hypermethylation and histone hypoacetylation are hallmarks of gene silencing, while DNA hypomethylation and acetylated histones promote active transcription. Aberrant DNA methylation and histone acetylation have been linked to a number of age related disorders including cancer, autoimmune disorders and others. Since epigenetic alterations are reversible, modifying epigenetic marks contributing to disease development may provide an approach to designing new therapies. Herein we review the role of epigenetic changes in disease development, and recent advances in the therapeutic modification of epigenetic marks.
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267
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Saed G, Lu Q, Jiang Z, Diamond M, Abu-Soud H. O-19. Fertil Steril 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2006.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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268
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Lu Q, Lu L, Niu X, Guo Y, Parino GR, Liu D. Non-myeloablative allogeneic stem cell transplant in a patient with refractory systemic lupus erythematosus. Bone Marrow Transplant 2006; 37:979-81. [PMID: 16565734 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bmt.1705359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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269
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Lu Q, Caputo F, McCracken B, Watkins A, Xu DZ, Deitch EA. THE RELATIVE ROLE OF CASPASE-DEPENDENT AND INDEPENDENT APOPTOSIS OF ENDOTHELIAL AND PULMONARY EPITHELIAL CELLS, INDUCED BY T/HS LYMPH, VARIES BY CELLTYPE. Shock 2006. [DOI: 10.1097/00024382-200606001-00166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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270
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Caputo F, Watkins A, Vega D, Barlos D, Lu Q, Xu D, Deitch E. PANCREATIC PROTEASES ARE NECESSARY FOR INCREASED GUT EPITHELIAL PERMEABILITY DURING TRAUMA/HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK. Shock 2006. [DOI: 10.1097/00024382-200606001-00063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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271
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Huang HH, Zhang YY, Xiu QY, Zhou X, Huang SG, Lu Q, Wang DM, Wang F. Community-acquired pneumonia in Shanghai, China: microbial etiology and implications for empirical therapy in a prospective study of 389 patients. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2006; 25:369-74. [PMID: 16767484 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-006-0146-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this multicenter study was to identify the causative pathogens of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in Shanghai, China, and to determine their susceptibility to antimicrobial agents. Pathogens obtained from 389 patients with documented CAP during 2001-2003 were identified by multiple diagnostic tools that included bacterial culture, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and specific immunological assays. Susceptibility of the bacterial isolates was tested by the broth microdilution method. A specific pathogen was identified in 39.8% (155/389) of the patients: Haemophilus influenzae (n=80), Klebsiella spp. (n=15), Streptococcus pneumoniae (n=12), Staphylococcus aureus (n=6), Moraxella catarrhalis (n=1), other gram-negative organisms (n=9), and atypical pathogens that comprised Mycoplasma pneumoniae (n=42), Chlamydia pneumoniae (n=17), and Legionella pneumophila (n=2). Most H. influenzae isolates were susceptible to ampicillin (88.3%), and all were susceptible to macrolides. Of the S. pneumoniae isolates, 75% (9/12) were susceptible to penicillin, while 25% (3/12) were intermediately susceptible. H. influenzae and atypical pathogens are among the most important pathogens of CAP. Ampicillin, cephalosporins, and the newer fluoroquinolones can be used as empirical therapy for CAP in the Shanghai area. The efficacy of monotherapy with newer macrolides for CAP caused by S. pneumoniae requires further evaluation.
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272
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Xu F, Sun RC, Lu Q. Characteristics of cellulose isolated by a totally chlorine-free method fromCaragana korshinskii. J Appl Polym Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/app.23667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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273
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Hou S, Tian W, Xu Q, Cui F, Zhang J, Lu Q, Zhao C. The enhancement of cell adherence and inducement of neurite outgrowth of dorsal root ganglia co-cultured with hyaluronic acid hydrogels modified with Nogo-66 receptor antagonist in vitro. Neuroscience 2006; 137:519-29. [PMID: 16298084 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2005.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2005] [Revised: 09/11/2005] [Accepted: 09/17/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid hydrogels modified with polyclonal anti-Nogo-66 receptor antibody were developed in order to promote regeneration in the injured CNS. These modified hydrogels were intended not only to deliver antibodies, but also to serve as a scaffold for neural regeneration following their implantation into injured tissue. Since unmodified hyaluronic acid-hydrogels do not support cell attachment, the gels were modified with polyclonal anti-Nogo-66 receptor with the aim of altering the surface properties of the gels in such a way as to improve neuronal adherence and survival. After evaluating the immobilization efficiency of the system, chicken dorsal root ganglia and dorsal root ganglia cells were planted on the surface of the modified gels to determine cell viability. Dorsal root ganglia were also cultured close to the gels in order to assay the inducement of neurite outgrowth. In dorsal root ganglia and cell viability assay, dorsal root ganglia and neuron cells could adhere to the modified hydrogels and survive well, but it did not happen to unmodified hydrogels. After 72 h, these attached cells were stained positively with immuno-staining for neurofilament. Neurite outgrowth inducement assay showed that the number and length of dorsal root ganglia neurites on the side toward modified hydrogels were significantly more than that on the opposite side (both P<0.01). The results reveal that hyaluronic acid-hydrogels modified with anti-Nogo-66 receptor can support neural cell attachment and survival in vitro. Furthermore, this system can greatly induce neurite outgrowth. The results also indicate that this modified hydrogels have potential to repair injury in the CNS.
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274
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Fu BQ, Liu MY, Kapel CMO, Meng XP, Lu Q, Wu XP, Chen QJ, Boireau P. Cloning and analysis of a novel cDNA from Trichinella spiralis encoding a protein with an FYVE zinc finger domain. Vet Parasitol 2005; 132:27-30. [PMID: 16023292 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2005.05.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A cDNA library from Trichinella spiralis adults 3 days post-infection was screened with a cDNA probe, designated T 54, derived from a newborn larvae subtracted cDNA library. Sequence analysis showed that the positive clone contained a cDNA insert of 1464 bp in length with a single open reading frame of 1290 bp, which encoded a protein of 429 amino acids with a putative molecular mass of 49.9 k Da. Database analysis predicted the deduced protein had a leucine zipper motif and an FYVE zinc finger domain. The recombinant fusion protein was expressed and rabbit anti-recombinant protein sera reacted with a single peptide migrating at approximately 55 k Da in crude worm extract from muscle larvae, adults and newborn larvae stages.
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Dimitrov S, Sabherwal Y, Raymond DD, L'Heureux DZ, Lu Q, Tuszynski GP. Endothelial apoptotic activity of angiocidin is dependent on its polyubiquitin binding activity. Br J Cancer 2005; 93:662-9. [PMID: 16222312 PMCID: PMC2361611 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6602773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently cloned the full-length cDNA of a tumour-associated protein. The recombinant protein expressed in bacteria and referred to as angiocidin has potent antitumour activity in vivo and in vitro. Angiocidin inhibits tumour growth and angiogenesis by inducing apoptosis in endothelial cells. Based on the sequence similarity of angiocidin to S5a, one of the major polyubiquitin recognition proteins in eukaryotic cells, we postulated that the antiendothelial activity of angiocidin could be due in part to its polyubiquitin binding activity. In support of this hypothesis, we show that angiocidin binds polyubiquitin in vivo with high affinity and colocalises with ubiquitinated proteins on the surface of endothelial cells. Binding is blocked with an antiubiquitin antibody. Angiocidin treatment of endothelial cells transfected with a proteasome fluorescent reporter protein showed a dose-dependent inhibition of proteasome activity and accumulation of polyubiquitinated proteins. Full-length angiocidin bound polyubiquitin while three angiocidin recombinant proteins whose putative polyubiquitin binding sites were mutated either failed to bind polyubiquitin or had significantly diminished binding activity. The in vitro apoptotic activity of these mutants correlated with their polyubiquitin binding activity. These data strongly argue that the apoptotic activity of angiocidin is dependent on its polyubiquitin binding activity.
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