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Hassan HA, Osman ZH, Lasheen AEA. Sizing of STATCOM to Enhance Voltage Stability of Power Systems for Normal and Contingency Cases. SGRE 2014; 05:8-18. [DOI: 10.4236/sgre.2014.51002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Mazen IM, Kamel AK, Mohamed AM, Hussien HA, Essawi ML, Hassan HA, El-Ruby MO, Aref A, Mekkawy MK. Unique karyotype: mos 46,X,dic(X;Y)(p22.33;p11.32)/ 45,X/45,dic(X;Y)(p22.33;p11.32) in an Egyptian patient with Ovotesticular disorder of sexual development. Sex Dev 2013; 7:235-43. [PMID: 23689268 DOI: 10.1159/000351039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovotesticular disorder of sexual development (OT-DSD) is an unusual form of DSD, characterized by the coexistence of testicular and ovarian tissue in the same individual. In this report, we present clinical, cytogenetic and molecular data of an Egyptian patient with ambiguous genitalia and OT-DSD, who had a unique karyotype comprising 3 different cell lines: mos 46,X,dic(X;Y)(p22.33;p11.32)/45,X/ 45,dic(X;Y)(p22.33;p11.32). This mosaic karyotype probably represents 2 different events: abnormal recombination between the X and Y chromosomes during paternal meiosis and postzygotic abnormality in mitotic segregation of the dic(X;Y) chromosome, resulting in a mosaic karyotype. The presence of the sex-determining region Y (SRY) gene explains the development of testicular tissue. On the other hand, other factors, including the presence of a 45,X cell line, partial SRY deletion, X inactivation pattern, and position effect, could be contributed to genital ambiguity. Explanation of the patient's phenotype in relation to the genotype is discussed with a literature review. We conclude that FISH analysis with X- and Y-specific probes and molecular analysis of the SRY gene are highly recommended and allow accurate diagnosis for optimal management of cases with ambiguous genitalia.
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Affiliation(s)
- I M Mazen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
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Abstract
In recent years, there has been renewed interest in the topical treatment of allergic conjunctivitis, a disorder that is involved in the common red-eye syndrome. Topical treatment for rapid relief of symptoms is most often preferred by the patient, although physicians are more cautious with the choice of an agent that might worsen symptoms due to contact irritation induced by the substance or its preservative. Theoretical advantages of topical over oral administration include a more rapid onset of action, since the active agent is applied directly to the affected tissue, and a reduced potential for systemic adverse effects. The range of topical agents currently available for the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis varies widely. The 4 primary aims when considering local drug application are: rapid symptomatic relief (particularly applicable to local vasoconstrictors and histamine antagonists);prophylactic therapy (mast cell stabilisers);avoidance of systemic adverse reactions (eye drops containing corticosteroids); anddirect route of administration (specific ocular immunotherapy). In this article we review the underlying pathological mechanisms, present a clinical and diagnostic overview and discuss the available therapeutic options. Finally, we present our treatment strategy, which is based on the nature of the disorder and the patient's expectations. In seasonal or perennial conjunctivitis the combination of decongestants and antihistamines should be first choice for palliative treatment. Mast cell stabilisers should be used as prophylaxis, while immunotherapy can provide a cure. In vernal and atopic keratoconjunctivitis, the decongestant/antihistamine combination can be used for long-term treatment, while courses of topical corticosteroids may prevent flares. Mast cell stabilisers, with lodoxamide in the first place, are used for prophylactic therapy. Surgery may be useful in handling complications. In giant papillary conjunctivitis, hygienic measures regarding contact lenses are mandatory, and sodium cromoglycate (cromolyn sodium) may provide rapid relief. In contact conjunctivitis, removal or avoidance of the sensitiser is most important. Topical use of corticosteroids should be limited to severe cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Mösges
- Institute for Medical Statistics, Informatics and Epidemiology, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany
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Downes MR, Thorne J, Tengku Khalid TN, Hassan HA, Leader M. Profile of sudden death in an adult population (1999-2008). Ir Med J 2010; 103:183-184. [PMID: 20669604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Sudden death is the sudden and unexpected death of an individual within 24 hours of symptom onset. The vast majority of these cases are found, at autopsy, to be due to underlying ischaemic cardiac disease. We retrospectively reviewed all adult post mortems performed at Beaumont Hospital over a decade (1999-2008). Our aim was to identify all sudden death cases (natural and accidental) and subclassify them according to age profile and organ system involved. We identified 1230 sudden death cases in the review period with 775 (63%) deaths attributable to ischaemic heart disease. The rate of sudden death remained constant over the decade with 663 (54%) deaths occurring in the first five years. Our negative autopsy rate was 2.8% corresponding to 35 cases. This is the first Irish study to retrospectively review all adult sudden deaths within a defined catchment area and analyse them as outlined above.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Downes
- Department of Histopathology, Beaumont Hospital, Beaumont, Dublin 9.
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Abdel-Aziz M, Abuo-Rahma GEDAA, Hassan HA, Farag HH. N-malonyl-1,2-dihydroisoquinoline as a novel carrier for specific delivery of drugs to the brain. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2009; 343:54-60. [PMID: 19899103 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.200900109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
N-Malonyl-1,2-dihydroisoquinoline derivatives were synthesized and investigated as a novel carrier system for site-specific and sustained delivery of drugs to the brain. Such carriers are expected to be stable against air oxidation due to the presence of the carbonyl group close to nitrogen of the dihydroisoquinoline. Reduction of the prepared isoquinolinium quaternary derivatives with sodium dithionite afforded a novel group of N-malonyl-1,2-dihydroisoquinoline chemical delivery systems (CDS). The synthesized N-malonyl-1,2-dihydroisoquinoline chemical delivery systems were subjected to various chemical and biological investigations to evaluate their ability to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and to be oxidized biologically into their corresponding quaternary derivatives. The in-vitro oxidation studies showed that the designed N-malonyl-1,2-dihydroisoquinoline chemical delivery system could be oxidized into its corresponding quaternary derivatives at an adequate rate. The in-vivo distribution studies showed that these N-malonyl-1,2-dihydroisoquinoline chemical delivery systems were able to cross the blood-brain barrier at detectable concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.
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Hassan HA, Abdel-Aziz M, Abuo-Rahma GEDA, Farag HH. 1-Malonyl-1,4-dihydropyridine as a novel carrier for specific delivery of drugs to the brain. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:1681-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.12.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2008] [Revised: 12/17/2008] [Accepted: 12/22/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Abstract
The performance of the InGaN multi-quantum wells (MQWs) laser diode structures has been numerically investigated by using ISE TCAD software. We investigated the effect of well numbers, barrier thickness and barrier doping on the output power, threshold current, and slope efficiency. All material parameters used in the model are evaluated based on the recent literature values. We observed the maximum output power and lower threshold current when the well number was two. Effective change in the output power and threshold current was observed with the variations in barriers thickness and doping level. Our results are in agreement with the experimental results observed by [S. Nakamura et al. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. Part 2, 37, L1020 (1998) and S. Nakamura et al. Appl. Phys. Lett. 76, 22 (2000)].
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although several reports indicated the bidirectional communication between the oocyte and granulosa cell, and the potential negative impact of premature cumulus removal, clinical data are controversial. The present analysis report the results of a prospective randomized study done on sibling oocytes to evaluate whether or not preincubation with intact cumulus is needed in ICSI. METHODS It was a prospective randomized study, and conducted at Alexandria IVF-ICSI center. This study was performed using 926 M2 oocytes from 141 cycles of patients undergoing ICSI. Oocytes were randomized between three protocols: protocol A (immediate denudation, immediate injection), protocol B (delayed denudation, delayed injection), and protocol C (early denudation, delayed injection). Main outcome measure(s) were maturation, fertilization, and cleavage rate after ICSI. RESULTS Aspects of nuclear, cytoplasmic maturation and oolemma properties were improved when oocytes were preincubated with intact cumulus before ICSI. CONCLUSIONS Preincubation, before ICSI improved results. Duration of preincubation should be program specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- H A Hassan
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
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Hassan HA, Azab H, Rahman AA, Nafee TM. Effects of growth hormone on in vitro maturation of germinal vesicle of human oocytes retrieved from small antral follicles. J Assist Reprod Genet 2001; 18:417-20. [PMID: 11599461 PMCID: PMC3455517 DOI: 10.1023/a:1016630603560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Evaluation of the effect of GH, administered in vivo, on in vitro maturation of human GV oocytes obtained from small follicles. METHODS The study included 88 ICSI women stimulated with long agonist protocol. They were randomly allocated to two groups (Group 1, 44 women with 86 GV oocytes), were cotreated with GH (Group 2, no GH: 44 women with 67 GV oocytes). GV oocytes from small follicles were matured in vitro, injected, and their development observed. RESULTS Resumption of meiosis was significantly higher in Group 1 compared to Group 2 (60 and 37.3% respectively). Significantly more M2 oocytes were obtained in Group 1 than in Group 2 (45.5 and 23.9% respectively). Fertilization rates were also significantly higher (51.9 and 18.8% respectively). No embryos were obtained in Group 2, whereas 21.1% of fertilized oocytes in Group 1 cleaved into class A embryos. CONCLUSION In vivo administration of GH enhanced in vitro maturation and fertilization of human GV oocytes retrieved from small antral follicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- H A Hassan
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria IVF & ICSI Center, El Hedaya, Alexandria, Egypt.
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Burschka MA, Hassan HA, Reineke T, van Bebber L, Caird DM, Mösges R. Effect of treatment with Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761 (oral) on unilateral idiopathic sudden hearing loss in a prospective randomized double-blind study of 106 outpatients. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2001; 258:213-9. [PMID: 11548897 DOI: 10.1007/s004050100343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Test of dose-response relationship for Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761 (oral) in outpatients with acute idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSHL) of at least 15 dB at one frequency within the speech range occurring less than 10 days before study inclusion. DESIGN Multicentre, randomized, double-blind phase III study comparing dosages of 120 mg twice daily and 12 mg twice daily over 8 weeks. MAIN ENDPOINT: Recovery (in dB) of the auditory threshold from the initial measurement to the value on the last day of treatment, averaged over those frequencies from 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 kHz for which the initial hearing loss amounted to 15 dB or more compared to the level on the opposite side. PATIENTS 106 patients with an average age of 44+/-16 years and with hearing loss at affected frequencies 26 dB +/- 9 dB included between December 1995 and July 1997. RESULTS Large majorities of both treatment groups recovered completely. In exploratory analyses of the 96 patients included according to the protocol, patients given the higher dose had less risk of not recovering well (< or =10 dB residual hearing loss) (one-sided Fisher test: P = 0.0061), especially if they had no tinnitus (n = 44, P = 0.00702). CONCLUSION A higher dosage of EGb 761 (oral) appears to speed up and secure the recovery of ISSHL patients, with a good chance that they will recover completely, even with little treatment. This was already observed after one week of treatment. We find it justified to treat patients who have unilateral ISSHL of less than 75 dB and neither tinnitus nor vertigo with 120 mg oral EGb 761 twice daily.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Burschka
- Institut für Medizinische Statistik, Informatik und Epidemiologie der Medizinischen Einrichtungen der Universität Köln, Germany
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Abstract
Binding of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) to two isoforms (G3R and G5R) of the porcine GHRH receptor was studied. Both G3R- and G5R-cDNA were isolated from a porcine anterior pituitary cDNA library and have an identical primary structure from aa 1 to 418 and a different aa sequence from aa 419 to 423. In addition, the G5R isoform contains an extra C-terminal tail of 28 aa. The G3R and G5R mRNAs arise from alternative splicing of a single precursor mRNA for GHRH receptors. A mammalian cell expression vector containing either G3R or G5R cDNA under the regulation of a strong human cytomegalovirus promoter was constructed and used to transfect a human embryonic kidney 293 cell line. Two stable transfectants (293/G3R-4 and 293/G5R-12) were isolated on the basis of high expression of the receptor mRNAs. Both G3R and G5R mRNAs were expressed at similarly high levels in 293/G3R-4 and 293/G5R-12 cells; however, GHRH binding to 293/G3R-4 cells was much greater than that observed for 293/G5R-12 cells. Basal as well as GHRH-stimulated GTPase activity and intracellular cAMP concentration are also significantly greater in 293/G3R-4 cells as compared to 293/G5R-12 cells. We conclude that the modification of GHRH receptor at the C-terminal region hindered GHRH binding to the receptor and thus attenuates its biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- H A Hassan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain.
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Abstract
Two new pregnene derivatives 14beta-15alpha-dihydroxy-delta4pregnene-3,20 dione and 3beta-14beta,15alpha-16alpha hydroxy-20-oxo-delta5pregnene-tetra-ol, in addition to alpha- and beta-amyrin and beta-sitosterol, were isolated from Solenostemma argel leaves. The structures were established by extensive spectral analysis as well as comparison with reference materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- H A Hassan
- Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Aswan, Egypt
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Abstract
The dimorphic pattern of growth hormone (GH) secretion and somatic growth in male and female mammals is attributable to the gonadal steroids. Whether these hormones mediate their effects solely on hypothalamic neurons, on somatotropes or on both to evoke the gender-specific GH secretory patterns has not been fully elucidated. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of 17beta-estradiol, testosterone and its metabolites on release of GH, GH-releasing hormone (GHRH) and somatostatin (SRIF) from bovine anterior pituitary cells and hypothalamic slices in an in vitro perifusion system. Physiological concentrations of testosterone and estradiol perifused directly to anterior pituitary cells did not affect GH releases; whereas, dihydrotestosterone and 5alpha-androstane-3alpha, 17beta-diol increased GH. Perifusion of testosterone at a pulsatile rate, and its metabolites and estradiol at a constant rate to hypothalamic slices in series with anterior pituitary cells increased GH release. The androgenic hormones increased GHRH and SRIF release from hypothalamus; whereas, estradiol increased GHRH but decreased SRIF release. Our data show that estradiol and the androgens generated distinctly different patterns of GHRH and SRIF release, which in turn established gender-specific GH patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- H A Hassan
- Growth Biology Program, Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA.
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Abstract
Over the past 60 years, the epidemiology of gastric adenocarcinoma has changed considerably. The most striking change in the epidemiology of gastric adenocarcinoma has been the rapid increase in cancers of the proximal stomach. We performed a retrospective analysis of all gastric adenocarcinomas diagnosed at two hospitals in Little Rock, Arkansas, U.S.A., between 1985 and 1996. Two hundred seventeen patients were diagnosed with gastric adenocarcinoma. Patients were divided into three 4-year cohorts. We found that the proportions of gastric cardia adenocarcinoma in cohorts 1, 2, and 3 were 31%, 36%, and 42%, respectively (p = 0.52). Median survival in the three cohorts was 5, 8, and 8 months, respectively (p = 0.22). Median survival (stages 1-4) was 41.5, 11.5, 10, and 3 months, respectively (p < 0.0001). Well-, moderately-, and poorly- differentiated adenocarcinoma had median survivals of 18, 7.5, and 6 months, respectively (p = 0.07). We concluded that patients with gastric adenocarcinoma continue to be diagnosed at late stages. There has been a trend toward an increasing proportion of cardia adenocarcinoma. Stage at presentation was the only significant predictor of survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- H A Hassan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences & Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, USA.
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Di Martino E, Nowak B, Hassan HA, Hausmann R, Adam G, Buell U, Westhofen M. Diagnosis and staging of head and neck cancer: a comparison of modern imaging modalities (positron emission tomography, computed tomography, color-coded duplex sonography) with panendoscopic and histopathologic findings. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2000; 126:1457-61. [PMID: 11115282 DOI: 10.1001/archotol.126.12.1457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the clinical value of positron emission tomography (PET) using fludeoxyglucose F 18, computed tomography (CT), color-coded duplex sonography (CCDS), and panendoscopy in the detection and staging of head and neck cancer. DESIGN Prospective nonrandomized controlled study. SETTING Medical school. PATIENTS Convenience sample of 50 patients with suspected primary or recurrent head and neck cancer. INTERVENTION Biopsy, tumor surgery. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Information of diagnostic procedures compared with histopathologic features. RESULTS Both PET and panendoscopy had a sensitivity of 95% and 100% for detection of primary tumor or recurrent carcinomas, respectively. Specificity for PET and panendoscopy was 92% and 85% in primary tumors and 100% and 80% in recurrent carcinoma, respectively. Sensitivity of CCDS and CT was 74% and 68% in primary tumors and 67% and 63% in recurrent carcinomas, respectively. Specificity was 75% and 69% in primary tumors and 100% and 80% in recurrent neoplasms. When assessing neck nodes, all imaging procedures exhibited identical sensitivity (84%). Specificity was 90%, 96%, and 88% in PET, CT, and CCDS, respectively. In recurrent lymph node metastases, sensitivity was 100%, 67%, and 67% and specificity was 87%, 91%, and 87% for PET, CT, and CCDS, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Positron emission tomography was the most reliable imaging procedure in the detection of primary tumor and recurrent carcinomas localized in the head and neck region. Owing to its limited anatomical depiction, it cannot as yet replace other diagnostic procedures in preoperative planning but does contribute valuable complementary diagnostic information. Computed tomograpy may have difficulties in identifying recurrent carcinomas. For routine diagnosis of nodal spread in the neck, CCDS is recommended. Panendoscopy is a valuable diagnostic procedure that can provide key information in cases of superficial mucosal tumor involvement. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2000;126:1457-1461
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Affiliation(s)
- E Di Martino
- Department of Ear, Nose, and Throat Diseases, University of Aachen, Germany.
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Di Martino E, Rieger M, Hassan HA, Hausmann R, Reinecke T, Lohmann M, Westhofen M. [Multiple primary carcinomas in patients with head and neck malignancies]. Laryngorhinootologie 2000; 79:711-8. [PMID: 11199453 DOI: 10.1055/s-2000-9133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple primary tumors can lead to diagnostic and therapeutical problems. In this study we surveyed frequency, localisation, diagnostic, chronologic and therapeutic aspects of multiple primary carcinomas in patients with head and neck tumors. PATIENTS AND METHODS The data of 843 patients from the tumor registry of the ENT-clinic Aachen were retrospectively studied. RESULTS Larynx (41.87%) and oropharynx (12.57%) were the main localisation of the first primary neoplasma. In 65 patients (7.71%) multiple primary tumors were observed. 24.6% of these tumors occurred synchronously. Preferential localisation of a second tumor were lung (20%), oral cavity (15.3%) and larynx (13.8%). 28.57% of the metachronous tumors were observed after more than five years. In 46.15% clinical complaints led to the suspicion of a second tumor. Panendoscopy was the most reliable diagnostic procedure. The survival rate and time was significantly reduced in patients with synchronous tumors. 3-year survival rate was 15% compared to 81% in patients with metachronous tumor appearance (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION Patients with head and neck tumors have a high incidence of multiple primary malignomas varying from the region of the first presentation of a malignant tumor. Concepts comprising surgery provide the highest survival rates. Because of the high incidence of metachronous carcinomas after five years found in this study, the authors regard a prolonged follow-up period as necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Di Martino
- Klinik für Hals-, Nasen- und Ohren-Heilkunde und Plastische Kopf- und Halschirurgie der Medizinischen Fakultät der RWTH Aachen.
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Abstract
In humans, acquired copper deficiency anemia is rare. This report describes a 58-yr-old man with metal pica, especially coins, who presented with symptomatic anemia. His workup led to the diagnosis of zinc-induced copper deficiency. We believe that, in this man, leaching of zinc from pennies explained the clinical and laboratory findings. This case demonstrates that health care workers should consider the possibility of zinc-induced copper deficiency when confronted with patients with unexplained anemia who have ingested coins or other zinc-containing metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- H A Hassan
- Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, John L. McClellan Memorial Veterans Hospital, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, USA
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Nutt AK, Hassan HA, Lindsey J, Lamps LW, Raufman JP. Liver biopsy in the evaluation of patients with chronic hepatitis C who have repeatedly normal or near-normal serum alanine aminotransferase levels. Am J Med 2000; 109:62-4. [PMID: 10936480 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9343(00)00381-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A K Nutt
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205-7199, USA
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Komenda J, Hassan HA, Diner BA, Debus RJ, Barber J, Nixon PJ. Degradation of the Photosystem II D1 and D2 proteins in different strains of the cyanobacterium Synechocytis PCC 6803 varying with respect to the type and level of psbA transcript. Plant Mol Biol 2000; 42:635-645. [PMID: 10809009 DOI: 10.1023/a:1006305308196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The turnover of the D1 and D2 proteins of Photosystem II (PSII) has been investigated by pulse-chase radiolabeling in several strains of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis PCC 6803 containing different types and levels of the psbA transcript. Strains lacking psbA1 and psbA3 gene and containing high levels of the psbA2 transcript showed the selective synthesis of D1 whose degradation could be slowed down by the protein synthesis inhibitor lincomycin. In contrast, in strains containing just the psbA3 gene, the intensity of the D1 protein labeling was lower and labeling of the D2 and CP43 proteins was stimulated in comparison to the psbA2-containing strains. In addition, the rate and selectivity of the D1 degradation and its dependence on the presence of lincomycin was proportional to the level of the psbA3 transcript in the particular strain. Consequently, there was parallel, lincomycin-independent and slowed-down breakdown of the D1 and D2 proteins in strains with the lowest level of psbA3 transcript. These results are discussed in terms of a model in which the rate of D1 and D2 degradation in cyanobacteria is affected not only by the rate of PSII photodamage, but also by the availability of newly synthesized D1 protein. Moreover, the comparison of the non-oxygen-evolving D1 mutants D170A** and Y161F*** differing by the presence of tyrosine Z has indicated a minor role of the oxidized form of this secondary PSII electron donor in the donor side mechanism of D1 and D2 protein breakdown.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Komenda
- Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences, Trebon, Czech Republic
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Bhatti FA, Hassan HA, Iqbal MM. Salmonella speticemia resistant to 3rd generation cephalosporins in a child with sickle crisis. Saudi Med J 1999; 20:734-735. [PMID: 27645603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Full text is available as a scanned copy of the original print version.
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Affiliation(s)
- F A Bhatti
- Armed Forces Hospital, Sharourah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Abstract
The author reports a case of oral contraceptive-induced mesenteric venous thrombosis with resultant intestinal ischemia in a young woman. The relationship between mesenteric venous thrombosis and oral contraceptives is discussed. Twenty-six other cases of oral contraceptive-related mesenteric venous thrombosis reported in the English literature are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- H A Hassan
- Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock 72205, USA
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenteric venous thrombosis is an uncommon but often lethal form of intestinal ischemia. METHODS We reviewed pertinent literature on mesenteric venous thrombosis using MEDLINE search. RESULTS We found that previous abdominal surgery and hypercoagulable states are the most common conditions associated with mesenteric venous thrombosis. The symptoms and signs related to mesenteric venous thrombosis are not specific. In the majority of cases, the diagnosis is established by a high index of clinical suspicion and noninvasive imaging techniques. Immediate operation is indicated if signs of peritonitis or intestinal infarction are present. Administration of heparin is beneficial for reducing recurrence and mortality. CONCLUSION Clinicians should consider the possibility of acute mesenteric venous thrombosis when faced with a patient having abdominal pain out of proportion to the physical findings and with a negative workup for the common causes of abdominal pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- H A Hassan
- Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, and the John L. McClellan Memorial Veterans Hospital, Little Rock 72205, USA
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the possibility of salvaging the cycle in a case of empty follicle syndrome by scheduling a second retrieval. SETTING Miami IVF/Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection Center, Alexandria, Egypt. It is a private center. PATIENT(S) A 24-year-old female with a 6-year history of primary infertility. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection was performed because of her partner's obstructive azoospermia. No oocytes could be retrieved despite normal ultrasonic and hormonal responses and the presence of 25 mature follicles. INTERVENTION(S) Serum hCG on the day of the first retrieval. A second dose of hCG was given after the first retrieval, and a second retrieval was scheduled 24 hours later. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Number of oocytes retrieved, fertilization and cleavage rates, and pregnancy outcome. RESULT(S) Serum beta-hCG level on the day of the first retrieval was 300 IU/mL. Eleven oocytes were retrieved, (7 were metaphase II, 3 fertilized, and 2 cleaved) and two embryos were transferred. No pregnancy resulted. CONCLUSION(S) In a variant of empty follicle syndrome, the cycle could be salvaged by giving another dose of hCG and scheduling another retrieval 24 hours later.
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Affiliation(s)
- H A Hassan
- Miami In Vitro Fertilization and Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection Center, Alexandria, Egypt
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74
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Abstract
Neuropathy in burn patients is frequently overlooked. This study aimed at looking for neuropathies among burn patients. It included 55 burn patients, whether symptomatic or asymptomatic, with variable depths of burn at different stages. Their ages ranged from 8 to 55 years with a mean age of 23.6 +/- 11.1 years. All patients were submitted to clinical examination, electromyographic and motor conduction velocities of burned and unburned limbs. Serum electrolyte, blood urea and creatinine were measured for all patients. Sixteen patients (29 per cent) had peripheral neuropathy. Only six had symptoms and signs of peripheral neuropathy. The most frequently diagnosed neuropathy in this study was mononeuritis multiplex in nine patients (56 per cent), then generalized distal axonal neuropathy in five patients (31 per cent) and entrapment neuropathy in two patients (13 per cent). In patients with mononeuritis, 29 nerves were affected, 24 nerves related to the site of the burn and five nerves were away from the site of the burn. All the entrapment neuropathy developed after wound healing. Age above 20 years, electric burns burns involving full thickness of the skin and a surface area of more than 20 per cent were associated with a significantly higher prevalence of neuropathy. Other parameters were not found to be significant in the development of neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M Khedr
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Egypt
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75
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Jawad
- King Khalid University Hospital College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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76
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare vaginal versus oral misoprostol for induction of labor. METHOD Induction of labor was carried out in 40 women near term in two equal and randomized groups (according to a computer generated table) using misoprostol. Group I received vaginal misoprostol (100 micrograms) every 3 h while group II patients were given the same dose via the oral route. The dose was doubled if no response was detected under continuous cardiotocographic (CTG) tracings. RESULT The vaginal route of administration induced a higher success rate in a shorter time interval using a lower dose but was associated with more abnormal FHR patterns and instances of uterine hyperstimulation. CONCLUSION It is recommended to use the vaginal approach with cardiotocographic monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- M K Toppozada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alexandria, Egypt
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77
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To categorize endometrial responsiveness to orally administered estriol in natural cycles of patients with thin endometrium. The value of endometrial responsiveness in predicting the outcome of subsequent IVF-ET cycles was evaluated. DESIGN Prospective clinical study. SETTING Miami IVF-ICSI Center, Alexandria, Egypt, a private center. PATIENTS Forty-two patients undergoing IVF-ET. All had endometrial thickness < or = 7 mm at the time of maximal follicular diameter in natural cycle. INTERVENTION Estriol was orally administered in subsequent unstimulated cycle. Patients were categorized into responsive and unresponsive groups (those with improved and unimproved endometrial thickness, respectively). Lastly, controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) with or without estriol was started in the IVF-ET cycles. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The endometrial thickness during COH with or without estriol, fertilization, pregnancy, and abortion rates. RESULTS The responsive group compared with the unresponsive group had a significantly higher rate of improved endometrial thickness, a similar number of oocytes retrieved, a similar fertilization rate, and a significantly higher pregnancy rate. CONCLUSION Patients with endometrial unresponsiveness to estriol in their natural cycles rarely improve by COH and have a poor pregnancy rate in IVF cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- H A Hassan
- Miami IVF-ICSI Center, Shatby Hospital for Women, Alexandria University, Egypt
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78
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Abstract
To study structure-activity relationships of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH), a competitive binding assay was developed using cloned porcine adenopituitary GHRH receptors expressed in human kidney 293 cells. Specific binding of [His1, 125I-Tyr10,Nle27]hGHRH(1-32)-NH2 increased linearly with protein concentration (10-45 micrograms protein/ tube). Binding reached equilibrium after 90 min at 30 degrees C and remained constant for at least 240 min. Binding was reversible to one class of high-affinity sites (Kd = 1.04 +/- 0.19 nM, Bmax = 3.9 +/- 0.53 pmol/mg protein). Binding was selective with a rank order of affinity (IC50) for porcine GHRH (2.8 +/- 0.51 nM), rat GHRH (3.1 +/- 0.69 nM), [N-Ac-Tyr1, D-Arg2]hGHRH(3-29)-NH2 (3.9 +/- 0.58 nM), and [D-Thr7]GHRH(1-29)-NH2 (189.7 +/- 14.3 nM), consistent with their binding to a GHRH receptor. Nonhydrolyzable guanine nucleotides inhibited binding. These data describe a selective and reliable method for a competitive GHRH binding assay that for the first time utilizes rapid filtration to terminate the binding assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- H A Hassan
- Division of Endocrinology, Eli Lilly & Company, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA
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79
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Yaseen AE, Hassan HA, Kawashti LS. Comparative study of the karyotypes of two Egyptian species of bats, Taphozous perforatus and Taphozous nudiventris (Chiroptera: Mammalia). Experientia 1994; 50:1111-4. [PMID: 7988671 DOI: 10.1007/bf01923469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A detailed karyotypic analysis of two Egyptian species of bats, Taphozous perforatus and Taphozous nudiventris, was made on the basis of conventional data and G-band patterns. No detectable karyotypic difference was found between the two species (2n = 42, F. N. 64). By comparison of G-band patterns, some differences between the two species were seen in the corresponding autosomal pairs. These results are reported for the first time in Egypt.
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Affiliation(s)
- A E Yaseen
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Qena, Egypt
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80
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Hassan HA, Merkel RA. Perifusion model system to culture bovine hypothalamic slices in series with dispersed anterior pituitary cells. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 1994; 30A:435-42. [PMID: 7952512 DOI: 10.1007/bf02631311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Dispersed bovine anterior pituitary cells were incubated either in static or perifusion cultures to assess basal growth hormone release as well as stimulatory and inhibitory effects of growth hormone-releasing hormone and somatostatin, respectively, on growth hormone release. Total concentrations of growth hormones over a 12-hour incubation period were fivefold greater in perifused than in static cultures (2034 +/- 160 vs. 387 +/- 33 ng/12 h). A dose-dependent increase in growth hormone secretion in response to challenge with growth hormone-releasing hormone (10(-12) to 10(-8) M) for 1 h was observed in both static and perifusion cultures; however, perifused cells were more responsive to the same concentration of neuropeptide than those in static culture. Concentrations of somatostatin (10(-12) to 10(-8) M) for 1 h did not inhibit basal growth hormone secretion in either static or perifusion cultures. To establish the hypothalamic-pituitary in series-perifusion model, slices of the hypothalamus, immediately adjacent to the sagittal midline, were perifused in series with anterior pituitary cells, and media effluent was assayed for growth hormone concentrations. Release of growth hormone was pulsatile and seemed to mimic the episodic pattern of bovine secretion. Hypothalamic slices were placed in one chamber of the perifusion system, and basal secretion of growth hormone-releasing hormone and somatostatin was pulsatile in media effluent. Tissue viability of hypothalamic slices and anterior pituitary cells was evaluated by KCl depolarization. Tissues were viable for at least 120 h. Thus, this hypothalamo-pituitary dual chamber perifusion system is a valid in vitro model to study regulation of growth hormone secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- H A Hassan
- Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48823
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81
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Hassan HA, Merkel RA, Enright WJ, Tucker HA. Androgens modulate growth hormone-releasing factor-induced GH release from bovine anterior pituitary cells in static culture. Domest Anim Endocrinol 1992; 9:209-17. [PMID: 1458874 DOI: 10.1016/0739-7240(92)90034-u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Static primary cultures of bovine anterior pituitary (AP) cells were utilized to study the effect of sex steroids on basal growth hormone (GH) and GH-releasing hormone (GRF)-stimulated release of GH. The AP cells (5 x 10(5) cells/well) were allowed to attach for 72 hr and become confluent before treatments were imposed. Cells were incubated for an additional 24, 48 or 72 hr with either estradiol-17 beta (E2, 10(-11) to 10(-8) M), testosterone (T, 10(-8) to 10(-5) M), dihydrotestosterone (DHT, 10(-9) to 10(-6) M) or 5 alpha-androstane-3 alpha, 17 beta-diol (3 alpha-diol, 10(-11) to 10(-8) M). Media were collected every 24 hr and GH concentrations determined by RIA. Incubation of calf AP cells with gonadal steroids did not affect (P > 0.05) basal GH released at 24, 48, or 72 hr. In another experiment, calf AP cells were incubated with the same concentrations of the steroids for 24 hr, media harvested, cells washed and challenged in serum-free media for 1 hr with bovine GRF 1-44-NH2 (10(-8) M). In non-steroid treated wells, GRF increased (P < 0.05) GH from 58 to 134 ng/ml. Incubation with E2 or 3 alpha-diol did not affect (P > 0.05) GRF-induced GH release; however, preincubation with T (10(-5) M) and DHT (10(-9), 10(-8) and 10(-7) M) increased (P < 0.05) GRF-induced GH release above control concentrations (195, 235, 190 and 185 ng/ml, respectively). At the doses tested, sex steroids did not affect basal release of GH, but androgens increased responsiveness of somatotropes to GRF.
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Affiliation(s)
- H A Hassan
- Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824
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82
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Abstract
Recent data have shown that administration of prostaglandin inhibitors to patients with hypercalciuric nephrolithiasis decreased urinary calcium excretion, implying a possible role for prostaglandins in calcium excretion. To explore this hypothesis, we investigated the effect of single dose or 7 days' administrations of aspirin (100 mg/kg orally) or indomethacin (20 mg/kg, orally) on the urinary and serum concentrations of calcium, magnesium and inorganic phosphate. Experiments were performed in normocalcaemic and hypercalcaemic rats. Hypercalcaemia and hypercalciuria were induced in male Wistar albino rats by administration of vitamin D3 (20,000 IU/daily) for 7 days. Aspirin and indomethacin both significantly lowered the urinary calcium excretion in normocalciuric and hypercalciuric rats. The acute administration of indomethacin caused greater reduction of calcium excretion than that produced by the acute administration of aspirin, whereas aspirin showed greater activity than indomethacin after the long-term use of each. Aspirin induced hypocalcaemia in normocalcaemic rats and abolished the hypercalcaemia in hypercalcaemic rats. On the contrary, indomethacin, a specific prostaglandin biosynthesis inhibitor, increased serum levels of calcium. Hypophosphataemia was observed only after the administration of a single dose of aspirin in normocalcaemic rats, while the reduction of urinary phosphate excretion was investigated in hypercalciuric rats after the acute and chronic administration of indomethacin. Serum levels of phosphate were not altered significantly by acute or chronic administration of indomethacin. A single dose of indomethacin significantly reduced urinary excretion of magnesium in both groups of rats. However, the acute and chronic administration of aspirin resulted in non-significant changes in serum and urinary concentrations of magnesium. These data suggest that aspirin has hypocalcaemic and hypocalciuric actions while indomethacin has only a hypocalciuric effect. Aspirin may produce these actions by two mechanisms, one of them like that of indomethacin which is dependent on the inhibition of biosynthesis of prostaglandins, and another possible mechanism that is not related to the inhibition of prostaglandin biosynthesis. This suggestion may be supported by the discrepancy between the effects of aspirin and indomethacin on the renal handling and serum concentrations of magnesium and inorganic phosphate.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Gomaa
- Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Egypt
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84
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Mandour AM, Abdel-Rahman AM, Hassan HA, Mohamed MA. Giardia lamblia as a cause of malabsorption and hypovitaminosis "A" in children. J Egypt Soc Parasitol 1984; 14:203-6. [PMID: 6736701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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85
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Hussein MF, Hassan HA, Bilal HK, Basmae'il SM, Younis TM, Al-Motlaq AA, Al-Sheikh MA. Cephalopina titillator (Clark 1797) infection in Saudi Arabian camels. Zentralbl Veterinarmed B 1983; 30:553-8. [PMID: 6650025 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0450.1983.tb01882.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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86
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Potts RC, MacConnachie A, Brown RA, Gibbs JH, Robertson AJ, Hassan HA, Beck JS. Some tetracycline drugs suppress mitogen-stimulated lymphocyte growth but others do not. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1983; 16:127-32. [PMID: 6615686 PMCID: PMC1427975 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1983.tb04975.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Eight tetracycline drugs were tested for inhibitory effect on phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) stimulated growth (measured by [3H]-TdR uptake) of peripheral blood mononuclear cells: at least 26 normal subjects were tested with each drug. Doxycycline reduced DNA synthesis appreciably at concentrations within and just above the therapeutic range of blood levels: it was the most potent inhibitor, but demeclocycline, methacycline and minocycline had similar, if less potent, effects. Tetracycline, oxytetracycline, chlortetracycline and clomocycline did not inhibit DNA synthesis of 3-day cultures even at concentrations five to ten times greater than the therapeutic blood level. Volume spectroscopy measurements showed that none of the eight tetracycline drugs interfered with the recruitment of cells into G1-phase growth of the first cell cycle after PHA stimulation.
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Potts RC, Hassan HA, Brown RA, MacConnachie A, Gibbs JH, Robertson AJ, Beck JS. In vitro effects of doxycycline and tetracycline on mitogen stimulated lymphocyte growth. Clin Exp Immunol 1983; 53:458-64. [PMID: 6192957 PMCID: PMC1535666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Doxycycline and tetracycline were tested for inhibitory effect on PHA stimulated growth (measured by [3H]-TdR uptake) of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 26 normal subjects. Doxycycline reduced DNA synthesis appreciably at concentrations within and just above the therapeutic range of blood levels: tetracycline did not inhibit DNA synthesis of 3 day cultures even at concentrations five-10 times greater than the therapeutic blood level. Detailed studies on the action of doxycycline by volume spectroscopy and RNA flow cytofluorimetry indicated that this drug did not influence the recruitment of cells into the first G1-phase. Cell counts, DNA flow cytofluorimetry and autoradiography after pulsed exposure to [3H]-TdR showed a reduction in the numbers of growing cells in 2 and 3 day cultures in the presence of doxycycline compared with those containing tetracycline at the same concentration.
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