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Kumar A, Srivastava SK, Srivastava M, Prakash R. Electrochemical sensing of pioglitazone hydrochloride on N-doped r-GO modified commercial electrodes. Analyst 2021; 146:3578-3588. [PMID: 33913938 DOI: 10.1039/d1an00224d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we explain the electrochemical sensing of commercially available pioglitazone hydrochloride (PIOZ) tablets on a nitrogen (N) doped r-GO (Nr-GO) modified commercial glassy carbon electrode (GCE) and a commercial screen printed graphite electrode (SPGE). Nr-GO is synthesized by the chemical reduction of graphene oxide (GO) and simultaneous insertion of an N-dopant by hydrazine monohydrate. Pristine GO itself is prepared by chemical exfoliation of bulk graphite. Upon chemical reduction, the exfoliated GO sheets restack together leaving behind the doped N-atom as evidenced by XRD and Raman spectroscopy. The N-atom exists in the pyrrolinic and pyridinic form at the edge of graphitic domains which is confirmed by XPS. The as-synthesized Nr-GO is used for the preparation of electro-active electrodes with the help of the GCE and SPGE. These electrodes have the capability to oxidize PIOZ by a diffusion dominated process as evidenced by the impedance spectroscopic technique. The differential pulse voltammetric responses of different concentrations of PIOZ are assessed over the Nr-GO modified GCE and SPGE, which exhibit better limits of detection (LODs) of 67 nM and 29 nM, respectively, compared to those from earlier reports. These assays exhibit non-interfering capability in the presence of various body interferents at pH = 7.0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Kumar
- School of Materials Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi-221005, UP, India.
| | - S K Srivastava
- Department of Physics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi - 221005, UP, India
| | - Monika Srivastava
- School of Materials Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi-221005, UP, India.
| | - Rajiv Prakash
- School of Materials Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi-221005, UP, India.
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Yu HJ, Ehlers JP, Sevgi DD, Hach J, O'Connell M, Reese JL, Srivastava SK, Wykoff CC. Real-Time Photographic- and Fluorescein Angiographic-Guided Management of Diabetic Retinopathy: Randomized PRIME Trial Outcomes. Am J Ophthalmol 2021; 226:126-136. [PMID: 33529593 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2021.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the safety and efficacy of as-needed (PRN) intravitreal aflibercept injections (IAI) in managing diabetic retinopathy (DR) guided by the real-time DR severity scale (DRSS) level or panretinal leakage index (PLI) assessment among eyes without diabetic macular edema (DME). DESIGN Prospective, randomized phase 2 trial (PRIME). METHODS A total of 40 eyes with nonproliferative (NPDR) or proliferative DR (PDR) received monthly IAIs until a DRSS improvement of ≥2 steps was achieved and eyes were randomized (1:1) to DRSS-guided or PLI-guided management strategies graded by a central reading center. Main outcome measurements included safety and changes in DRSS and PLI. RESULTS Through week 52, 95% of eyes achieved a DRSS improvement of ≥2 steps. Following DRSS improvement, 97% of eyes required at least 1 PRN IAI. In eyes requiring PRN IAI and completing week 52, 100% and 59% experienced DRSS worsening (P = .01) in the DRSS- and PLI-guided arms, respectively. Through week 52, mean PLI decreased 18.2% (P = .49) and 54.6% (P <.0001), respectively, in the DRSS- and PLI-guided arms. NPDR versus PDR eyes at baseline achieved a DRSS improvement of ≥2 steps after a mean 4.9 and 3.6 IAIs (P = .03). Two eyes developed a PDR event at week 52 following 5 months of quiescence. CONCLUSIONS The randomized PRIME study analyzed 2 imaging-based biomarkers to guide PRN management with IAI of DR without DME: DRSS level and PLI. Within the context of this study with limitations, most patients required IAI re-treatment every 3-4 months, and deterioration of PLI appeared to precede DRSS level worsening. Finally, these findings reaffirm the fact that close clinical follow-up is important even among eyes that achieve substantial DRSS improvements with apparently quiescent disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah J Yu
- Retina Consultants of Texas, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Justis P Ehlers
- Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
| | - Duriye Damla Sevgi
- Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Jenna Hach
- Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Margaret O'Connell
- Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Jamie L Reese
- Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Sunil K Srivastava
- Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Charles C Wykoff
- Retina Consultants of Texas, Houston, Texas, USA; Blanton Eye Institute (CCW), Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA.
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Moosavi A, Figueiredo N, Prasanna P, Srivastava SK, Sharma S, Madabhushi A, Ehlers JP. Imaging Features of Vessels and Leakage Patterns Predict Extended Interval Aflibercept Dosing Using Ultra-Widefield Angiography in Retinal Vascular Disease: Findings From the PERMEATE Study. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2021; 68:1777-1786. [PMID: 32822291 PMCID: PMC8128650 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2020.3018464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic Macular Edema (DME) and macular edema secondary to retinal occlusion (RVO) are the two most common retinal vascular causes of visual impairment and leading cause of worldwide vision loss. The blood-retinal barrier is the key barrier for maintaining fluid balance within the retinal tissue. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) has a significant role in the permeability of the blood-retinal barrier, which also leads to appearance of leakage foci. Intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy is the current gold standard treatment and has been demonstrated to improve macular thickening, improve vision acuity and reduce vascular leakage. However, treatment response and required dosing interval can vary widely across patients. Given the role of the blood-retinal barrier and vascular leakage in the pathogenesis of these disorders, the goal of this study was to present and evaluate new computer extracted features relating to morphology, spatial architecture and tortuosity of vessels and leakages from baseline ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography (UWFA) images. Specifically, we sought to evaluate the role of these computer extracted features from baseline UWFA images. Notably, these UWFA images were obtained from IRB-approved PERMEATE clinical trial [1], [2] to distinguish eyes tolerating extended dosing intervals (n = 16) who are referred to as non-rebounders and those who require more frequent dosing (n = 12) and are called rebounders based on visual acuity loss with extended dosing challenges. A total of 64 features encapsulating different morphological and geometrical attributes of leakage patches including the anatomical (shape, size, density, area, minor and major axis, orientation, area, extent ratio, perimeter, radii) and geometrical characteristics (the proximity of each leakage foci to main vessels, to other leakage foci and to optical disc) as well as 54 tortuosity features (tortuosity of whole vessel network, local tortuosity of vessels in the vicinity of leakage foci) were extracted. The most significant and predictive biomarkers related to treatment response were proximity of leakage nodes to major and minor eye vessels as well as local vasculature tortuosity in the vicinity of the leakages. The imaging features were then used in conjunction with a Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) classifier to distinguish rebounders from non-rebounders. The 3-fold cross-validated Area Under Curve (AUC) was found to be 0.82 for the morphological based features and 0.85 for the tortuosity based features. Our findings suggest higher variation in leakage node proximity to retinal vessels in eyes tolerating extended interval dosing. In contrast, eyes with increased local vascular tortuosity demonstrated less tolerance of increased dosing interval. Moreover, a class activation map generated by a deep learning model identified regions that corresponded to regions of leakages proximal to the vessels, providing confirmation of the validity of predictive image features extracted from these regions in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Moosavi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | | | - Prateek Prasanna
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | | | - Sumit Sharma
- Cleveland Clinic Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Anant Madabhushi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
- Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
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Abstract
Although a small number of cases of secondary uveitis have been documented in the setting of ibrutinib therapy, panuveitis has not previously been described with this medication. The authors describe a presumed case of panuveitis in a patient on ibrutinib for chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The purpose of this report is to document a case of asymmetric, bilateral panuveitis in the setting of ibrutinib use. Panuveitis may develop in the setting of ibrutinib use, and local steroid therapy can be successfully used for treatment without cessation of systemic cancer therapy. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2021;52:160-164.].
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Sagar P, Gupta GK, Srivastava M, Srivastava A, Srivastava SK. Tagetes erecta as an organic precursor: synthesis of highly fluorescent CQDs for the micromolar tracing of ferric ions in human blood serum. RSC Adv 2021; 11:19924-19934. [PMID: 35479259 PMCID: PMC9033680 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra01571k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The present article illustrates the green synthesis of novel carbon quantum dots (CQDs) from biomass viz. Tagetes erecta (TE), and subsequently fabrication of a metal ion probe for the sensing of Fe3+ in real samples. TE-derived CQDs (TE-CQDs) have been synthesized by a facile, eco-friendly, bottom-up hydrothermal approach using TE as a carbon source. The successful synthesis and proper phase formation of the envisaged material has been confirmed by various characterization techniques (Raman, XRD, XPS, TEM, and EDS). Notably, the green synthesized TE-CQDs show biocompatibility, good solubility in aqueous media, and non-toxicity. The as-synthesized TE-CQDs show an intense photoluminescence peak at 425 nm and exhibit excitation dependent photoluminescence behavior. The proposed TE-CQD-based probe offers a remarkable fluorescence (FL) quenching for Fe3+ with high selectivity (Kq ∼ 10.022 × 1013 M−1 s−1) and a sensitive/rapid response in a linear concentration range 0–90 μM (regression coefficient R2 ∼ 0.99) for the detection of Fe3+. The limit of detection (LOD) of the probe for Fe3+ has been found as 0.37 μM in the standard solution. It has further been applied for the detection of Fe3+ in real samples (human blood serum) and displays good performance with LOD ∼ 0.36 μM. The proposed TE-CQD-based ion sensing probe has potential prospects to be used effectively in biological studies and clinical diagnosis. TE-CQDs synthesized via the hydrothermal method for the detection of Fe3+ in HBS.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinky Sagar
- Department of Physics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University Varanasi India 221005
| | - Gopal Krishna Gupta
- Department of Physics, TDPG College, VBS Purvanchal University Jaunpur India 222001
| | - Monika Srivastava
- School of Materials Science and Technology, IIT (BHU) Varanasi India 221005
| | - Amit Srivastava
- Department of Physics, TDPG College, VBS Purvanchal University Jaunpur India 222001
| | - S K Srivastava
- Department of Physics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University Varanasi India 221005
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Gupta GK, Sagar P, Pandey SK, Srivastava M, Singh AK, Singh J, Srivastava A, Srivastava SK, Srivastava A. In Situ Fabrication of Activated Carbon from a Bio-Waste Desmostachya bipinnata for the Improved Supercapacitor Performance. Nanoscale Res Lett 2021; 16:85. [PMID: 33987738 PMCID: PMC8119520 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-021-03545-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we demonstrate the fabrication of highly capacitive activated carbon (AC) using a bio-waste Kusha grass (Desmostachya bipinnata), by employing a chemical process followed by activation through KOH. The as-synthesized few-layered activated carbon has been confirmed through X-ray powder diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy techniques. The chemical environment of the as-prepared sample has been accessed through FTIR and UV-visible spectroscopy. The surface area and porosity of the as-synthesized material have been accessed through the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method. All the electrochemical measurements have been performed through cyclic voltammetry and galvanometric charging/discharging (GCD) method, but primarily, we focus on GCD due to the accuracy of the technique. Moreover, the as-synthesized AC material shows a maximum specific capacitance as 218 F g-1 in the potential window ranging from - 0.35 to + 0.45 V. Also, the AC exhibits an excellent energy density of ~ 19.3 Wh kg-1 and power density of ~ 277.92 W kg-1, respectively, in the same operating potential window. It has also shown very good capacitance retention capability even after 5000th cycles. The fabricated supercapacitor shows a good energy density and power density, respectively, and good retention in capacitance at remarkably higher charging/discharging rates with excellent cycling stability. Henceforth, bio-waste Kusha grass-derived activated carbon (DP-AC) shows good promise and can be applied in supercapacitor applications due to its outstanding electrochemical properties. Herein, we envision that our results illustrate a simple and innovative approach to synthesize a bio-waste Kusha grass-derived activated carbon (DP-AC) as an emerging supercapacitor electrode material and widen its practical application in electrochemical energy storage fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopal Krishna Gupta
- Department of Physics, TDPG College, VBS Purvanchal University, Jaunpur, 222001, India
| | - Pinky Sagar
- Department of Physics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Sumit Kumar Pandey
- Department of Physics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Monika Srivastava
- School of Materials Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - A K Singh
- School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Jai Singh
- Department of Pure and Applied Physics, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, 495009, India
| | - Anchal Srivastava
- Department of Physics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - S K Srivastava
- Department of Physics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
| | - Amit Srivastava
- Department of Physics, TDPG College, VBS Purvanchal University, Jaunpur, 222001, India.
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Sevgi DD, Yee PS, Srivastava SK, Le TK, Abraham JR, Reese J, Ehlers JP. LONGITUDINAL ELLIPSOID ZONE DYNAMICS AFTER MACULAR HOLE REPAIR IN THE DISCOVER STUDY: Structure-Function Assessment. Retina 2021; 41:915-920. [PMID: 33887747 PMCID: PMC8074992 DOI: 10.1097/iae.0000000000002983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate association of the baseline macular hole (MH) geometric features and longitudinal ellipsoid zone integrity with the visual acuity outcome after surgical repair. METHODS This was a post-hoc analysis of eyes in the DISCOVER study undergoing vitrectomy repair for MH. Anatomical and functional data were collected through one year postoperatively. An automated retinal layer segmentation platform was used for the assessment of outer retinal metrics and volumetric reconstruction of MH. Association of longitudinal ellipsoid zone features and baseline MH height, width, and volume with VA outcomes were investigated. RESULTS Eighty-four eyes with MH were included. The mean baseline VA was 20 of 114 and increased to 20 of 45 (P < 0.001) at postoperative Month 12 (N = 45). Successful MH closure was achieved in 98.8% of cases. Ellipsoid zone integrity metrics significantly improved from baseline (P = 0.002) and postoperative Month 1 (P < 0.001) to post-operative Month 12. Ellipsoid zone metrics independently correlated with VA at all follow-up visits (P < 0.05). Increased baseline MH width and volume negatively correlated with the VA at postoperative Month 12 (P < 0.001). Preoperative VA and EZ integrity on optical coherence tomography were predictors for postoperative VA. CONCLUSION Baseline MH volumetric parameters and EZ parameters were associated with VA outcomes after repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duriye Damla Sevgi
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Philina S Yee
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH; and
| | - Sunil K Srivastava
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
- Vitreoretinal Service, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Thuy K Le
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Joseph R Abraham
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Jamie Reese
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Justis P Ehlers
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
- Vitreoretinal Service, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
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Figueiredo N, Talcott KE, Srivastava SK, Hu M, Rachitskaya A, Sharma S, Singh RP, Yuan A, Reese JL, Ehlers JP. Conventional Microscope-Integrated Intraoperative OCT Versus Digitally Enabled Intraoperative OCT in Vitreoretinal Surgery in the DISCOVER Study. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2021; 51:S37-S43. [PMID: 32348533 DOI: 10.3928/23258160-20200401-05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE To compare conventional microscope-integrated intraoperative optical coherence tomography (iOCT) and digitally enabled microscope-integrated iOCT in vitreoretinal surgery. PATIENTS AND METHODS In this post-hoc analysis of the DISCOVER prospective iOCT study, two surgical groups were compared: (1) conventional iOCT and (2) digitally enabled iOCT. Surgeon questionnaires were collected immediately following surgery. RESULTS A total of 187 subjects were included in the study: 91 in the conventional iOCT group and 96 in the digitally enabled iOCT group. There were no differences in surgeon-perceived iOCT utility between the two groups. There was significantly higher surgical field-based visualization of the iOCT datastream in the digitally enabled iOCT group (67.7% vs. 3.3%; P < .0001). Reported significant back discomfort (1.0% vs. 18.7%; P < .0001) and headaches (5.2% vs. 20.9%; P < .002) were lower in the digitally enabled iOCT group. CONCLUSIONS Feasibility and utility of iOCT were similar in both groups. Digitally enabled iOCT datastream enabled increased attention on the surgical field during OCT review. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2020;51:S37-S43.].
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Ehlers JP, Uchida A, Sevgi DD, Hu M, Reed K, Berliner A, Vitti R, Chu K, Srivastava SK. Retinal Fluid Volatility Associated With Interval Tolerance and Visual Outcomes in Diabetic Macular Edema in the VISTA Phase III Trial. Am J Ophthalmol 2021; 224:217-227. [PMID: 33253664 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2020.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe longitudinal retinal fluid dynamics on spectral domain OCT and to identify imaging biomarkers that predict the worsening of DME with interval extension during anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy. DESIGN A post hoc sub-analysis of phase III, VISTA-DME study. METHODS Eyes received either intravitreal aflibercept injection 2 mg every 4 weeks (2q4) or every 8 weeks after 5 initial monthly injections (2q8), and eyes imaged with the Cirrus HD-OCT system were included. The macular cube was analyzed for 10 time-points from baseline through week 100. Retinal OCT images were evaluated using a novel software platform to extract retinal fluid features for calculation of volumetric fluid parameters, including the retinal fluid index (RFI): the percentage of retinal volume that was occupied by intraretinal fluid. RESULTS Fifty-five eyes were included in the 2q4 group, and 58 eyes were included in the 2q8 group. Early RFI volatility with a central macular RFI increase by ≥5 points from week 4 to 8 (P = .004, odds ratio [OR] 31.3, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.0 to 329) and cumulative RFI volatility with an aggregate increase in macular RFI by ≥10 points from those timepoints with increased RFI between baseline to week 20, P = .005, OR 10.2, 95% CI 2.1 to 51.3) were both significant predictors for the worsening of DME and visual acuity when the treatment interval was extended to 8 weeks in the 2q8 group. CONCLUSIONS Early fluid dynamics as measured by (1) early RFI volatility and (2) cumulative RFI instability with aggregate increased RFI were associated with intolerance of interval extension.
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Tuifua TS, Sood AB, Abraham JR, Srivastava SK, Kaiser PK, Sharma S, Rachitskaya A, Singh RP, Reese J, Ehlers JP. Epiretinal Membrane Surgery Using Intraoperative OCT-Guided Membrane Removal in the DISCOVER Study versus Conventional Membrane Removal. Ophthalmol Retina 2021; 5:1254-1262. [PMID: 33647472 DOI: 10.1016/j.oret.2021.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To provide a comparative assessment of clinical outcomes between patients undergoing intraoperative OCT (iOCT) and conventional surgery for pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with epiretinal membrane (ERM) peel. DESIGN Case-control retrospective, comparative assessment. PARTICIPANTS Patients undergoing PPV with membrane peel for ERM with eyes pooled from the prospective Determination of Feasibility of Intraoperative Spectral Domain Microscope Combined/Integrated OCT Visualization During En Face Retinal and Ophthalmic Surgery (DISCOVER) iOCT study and eyes undergoing conventional ERM surgery without iOCT. METHODS Visual acuity and OCT assessment before ERM surgery and at 1-, 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-up after standard small-gauge PPV with iOCT feedback (iOCT DISCOVER group) or PPV with compulsory internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling (conventional group). Visual acuity, central subfield thickness (CST), reoperation rate, and ERM recurrence were determined by record review and post hoc assessment of clinical OCTs after ERM peel. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Visual acuity and ERM recurrence. RESULTS A total of 262 eyes were included. Visual acuity (VA) improved 11.9 letters in the iOCT group (P < 0.0001) and 12.1 letters in the conventional group (P < 0.0001) at 12 months after ERM surgery. Visual acuity improvement did not differ between the iOCT and conventional groups at 1, 3, 6, or 12 months after surgery (P > 0.05 for each time point). Preoperative mean CST decreased in the iOCT group (P < 0.0001) and conventional group (P < 0.0001) with no difference between groups in CST reduction at 12 months (P = 0.36). No reoperations or visually significant recurrent ERMs occurred in either cohort. CONCLUSIONS Intraoperative OCT-guided ERM removal without mandated ILM peeling provided similar VA and anatomic results to conventional ILM peeling for ERM. Future randomized prospective studies are needed to assess fully the possible role of iOCT in ERM surgery and to evaluate the potential impact of nonfoveal ERM persistence or recurrence in comparison with conventional surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tisileli S Tuifua
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Arjun B Sood
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Vitreoretinal Service, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Joseph R Abraham
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Sunil K Srivastava
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Vitreoretinal Service, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Peter K Kaiser
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Vitreoretinal Service, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Sumit Sharma
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Vitreoretinal Service, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Aleksandra Rachitskaya
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Vitreoretinal Service, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Rishi P Singh
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Vitreoretinal Service, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jamie Reese
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Justis P Ehlers
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Vitreoretinal Service, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.
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Ehlers JP, Zahid R, Kaiser PK, Heier JS, Brown DM, Meng X, Reese J, Le TK, Lunasco L, Hu M, Srivastava SK. Longitudinal Assessment of Ellipsoid Zone Integrity, Subretinal Hyperreflective Material, and Subretinal Pigment Epithelium Disease in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Ophthalmol Retina 2021; 5:1204-1213. [PMID: 33640493 DOI: 10.1016/j.oret.2021.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess longitudinally the effect of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment on ellipsoid zone (EZ) integrity, subretinal hyperreflective material (SHRM), and the sub-retinal pigment epithelium (sub-RPE) compartment in eyes with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). DESIGN Post hoc analysis of the OSPREY clinical trial, a prospective, double-masked, phase 2 study comparing brolucizumab 6 mg with aflibercept 2 mg over 56 weeks. PARTICIPANTS Participants with treatment-naïve nAMD at the initiation of the trial were included in the analysis. METHODS Eyes were evaluated with spectral-domain OCT at 4-week intervals in the OSPREY trial (n = 81). Spectral-domain OCT scans collected from each visit were segmented automatically using a proprietary, machine learning-enabled higher-order feature-extraction platform for retinal layer, SHRM, and sub-RPE boundary lines, which were evaluated and corrected as needed by masked trained graders. The current analysis focused only on patients evaluated with the Cirrus (Zeiss) platform (n = 28). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Outcome measures included change from baseline in EZ-RPE (i.e., photoreceptor outer segment) volume, EZ-RPE central subfield thickness (CST), total EZ attenuation, SHRM volume, SHRM CST, and total sub-RPE volume. The correlation between each of these measures and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at each visit was evaluated. RESULTS EZ-RPE volume and EZ-RPE CST showed significant increases, and total EZ attenuation, SHRM volume, SHRM CST, and total sub-RPE volume showed significant decreases from baseline at each visit from weeks 4 through 56 (P < 0.05 at each visit). Ellipsoid zone integrity measures and SHRM volume correlated significantly with BCVA at most visits (P < 0.05). No significant correlation was found between total sub-RPE volume and BCVA. CONCLUSIONS EZ integrity, SHRM, and sub-RPE disease features in eyes with nAMD showed improvement as early as week 4 of anti-VEGF treatment. EZ integrity measures and SHRM volume were predictors of visual acuity over the first year of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justis P Ehlers
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Center for Ocular Research and Evaluation, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.
| | - Robert Zahid
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, New Jersey
| | - Peter K Kaiser
- Center for Ocular Research and Evaluation, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | | | - Xiangyi Meng
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, New Jersey
| | - Jamie Reese
- Center for Ocular Research and Evaluation, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Thuy K Le
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Center for Ocular Research and Evaluation, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Leina Lunasco
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Center for Ocular Research and Evaluation, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Ming Hu
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Sunil K Srivastava
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Center for Ocular Research and Evaluation, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
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Deaner JD, Lowder CY, Pichi F, Gordon S, Shrestha N, Emami-Naeini P, Sharma S, Srivastava SK. Clinical and Multimodal Imaging Findings in Disseminated Mycobacterium Chimaera. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 5:184-194. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oret.2020.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Statler B, Srivastava SK, Singh RP. Bilateral Central Scotoma in a Middle-aged Man. JAMA Ophthalmol 2021; 138:911-912. [PMID: 32496510 DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2020.0753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rishi P Singh
- Center for Ophthalmic Bioinformatics, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
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Monés J, Srivastava SK, Jaffe GJ, Tadayoni R, Albini TA, Kaiser PK, Holz FG, Korobelnik JF, Kim IK, Pruente C, Murray TG, Heier JS. Risk of Inflammation, Retinal Vasculitis, and Retinal Occlusion-Related Events with Brolucizumab: Post Hoc Review of HAWK and HARRIER. Ophthalmology 2020; 128:1050-1059. [PMID: 33207259 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2020.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE An independent Safety Review Committee (SRC), supported by Novartis Pharma AG, analyzed investigator-reported cases of intraocular inflammation (IOI), endophthalmitis, and retinal arterial occlusion in the phase 3 HAWK and HARRIER trials of brolucizumab versus aflibercept in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). DESIGN A post hoc analysis of a subset of data from two 2-year, double-masked, multicenter, active-controlled randomized phase 3 trials (NCT02307682, NCT02434328). PARTICIPANTS Patients (N = 1817) with untreated, active choroidal neovascularization due to age-related macular degeneration in the study eye were randomized and treated in HAWK/HARRIER. The SRC reviewed data from cases of investigator-reported IOI (60/1088 brolucizumab-treated eyes; 8/729 aflibercept-treated eyes). METHODS The SRC received details and images (color fundus photography, fluorescein angiography, and OCT) for all investigator-determined cases of IOI, retinal arterial occlusion, and endophthalmitis. Cases were reviewed in detail by ≥2 readers, then adjudicated by the SRC as a group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Within this patient subset: incidence of IOI, signs and incidence of retinal vasculitis and/or retinal vascular occlusion, and visual acuity loss; time since first brolucizumab injection to IOI event onset; and frequency of visual acuity loss after brolucizumab injection by time of first IOI event onset. RESULTS Fifty brolucizumab-treated eyes were considered to have definite/probable drug-related events within the spectrum of IOI, retinal vasculitis, and/or vascular occlusion. On the basis of these cases, incidence of definite/probable IOI was 4.6% (IOI + vasculitis, 3.3%; IOI + vasculitis + occlusion, 2.1%). There were 8 cases (incidence 0.74%) of at least moderate visual acuity loss (≥15 ETDRS letters) in eyes with IOI (7 in eyes with IOI + vasculitis + occlusion). Of the 8 cases, 5 experienced their first IOI-related event within 3 months of the first brolucizumab injection (increasing to 7/8 within 6 months). Incidence of IOI in aflibercept-treated eyes was 1.1%, with at least moderate visual acuity loss in 0.14%. CONCLUSIONS This analysis of IOI cases after brolucizumab injection identified signs of retinal vasculitis with or without retinal vascular occlusion and an associated risk of visual acuity loss. The findings will help physicians to evaluate the risks and benefits of brolucizumab treatment for nAMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Monés
- Institut de la Màcula, Barcelona, Spain, Barcelona Macula Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Glenn J Jaffe
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Ramin Tadayoni
- Departement Hospitalo-Universitaire Vision et Handicaps, Paris, France; Université de Paris, Ophthalmology Department, AP-HP, Hôpital Lariboisière, Rothschild Foundation Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Thomas A Albini
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, The University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | | | - Frank G Holz
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jean-Francois Korobelnik
- CHU Bordeaux, Service d'ophtalmologie, Bordeaux, France; University Bordeaux, INSERM, BPH, Bordeaux, France
| | - Ivana K Kim
- Dr. Kim participated in this study as a consultant to Novartis independent of her faculty appointment in the Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Christian Pruente
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Ophthalmology, Kantonsspital Baselland, Liestal, Switzerland; Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel (IOB), Basel, Switzerland
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Ramos MS, Xu LT, Singuri S, Castillo Tafur JC, Arepalli S, Ehlers JP, Kaiser PK, Singh RP, Rachitskaya AV, Srivastava SK, Sears JE, Schachat AP, Babiuch AS, Sharma S, Martin DF, Lowder CY, Singh AD, Yuan A, Nowacki AS. Patient-Reported Complications after Intravitreal Injection and Their Predictive Factors. Ophthalmol Retina 2020; 5:625-632. [PMID: 33059077 PMCID: PMC7548755 DOI: 10.1016/j.oret.2020.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The intravitreal injection (IVI) of pharmacologic agents is the most commonly performed ocular procedure and is associated with a host of complications. Most IVI-related complications data are derived from randomized controlled clinical trials, which report a high adverse event rate. The nature of these protocol-driven trials limit their applicability to the diverse circumstances seen in routine clinical practice. The goal of this study was to determine the prevalence of patient-reported IVI-related complications, their risk factors, and the manner in which patients sought treatment at a tertiary eye care center. Design Retrospective, institutional review board–approved study. Participants Forty-four thousand seven hundred thirty-four injections in 5318 unique patients at the Cleveland Clinic Cole Eye Institute from 2012 through 2016. Methods Intravitreal injection. Main Outcome Measures Complication occurrence within 15 days of injection. Results From 2012 through 2016, a total of 44734 injections were performed in 5318 unique patients. Overall, complication rates were low, representing 1.9% of all injections, with 1031 unique complications in 685 patients (12.9%). The most common minor complications, or those not requiring intervention, were irritation (n = 312) and subconjunctival hemorrhage (n = 284). The most common serious complications, or those requiring intervention, were corneal abrasion (n = 46) and iritis (n = 31). Most complications (66%) were managed adequately by a telephone or Epic (Epic Systems Corp., Verona, WI) electronic message encounter only. Importantly, no injection protocol parameter, such as type of anesthesia, preparation, or post-injection medication, increased the risk of a complication. However, a patient’s gender, age, number of previous injections, and provider strongly influenced the risk of patient-reported complications. Conclusions Overall, complication rates seen in routine clinical practice were low compared with clinical trial reporting. Providers should feel confident in the safety and administration of IVI during times when follow-up office visits and resources may be limited. When performing an IVI, factors such as a patient’s gender, age, number of previous injections, and provider must be taken into account to ensure the best possible outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Ramos
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Lucy T Xu
- Emory Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Srinidhi Singuri
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | - Sruthi Arepalli
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Justis P Ehlers
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Peter K Kaiser
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Rishi P Singh
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | | | - Jonathan E Sears
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | - Amy S Babiuch
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Sumit Sharma
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Daniel F Martin
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Careen Y Lowder
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Arun D Singh
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Alex Yuan
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio.
| | - Amy S Nowacki
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
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Chen RI, Deaner JD, Srivastava SK, Lowder CY. Acute retinal necrosis following recombinant subunit varicella-zoster virus vaccine. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2020; 20:100962. [PMID: 33163688 PMCID: PMC7599389 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoc.2020.100962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Previously, secondary prevention of herpes zoster required live-attenuated vaccination, which is contraindicated in immunocompromised populations. More recently, a recombinant subunit vaccine (Shingrix, GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina) was approved by the Food and Drug Administration. Iatrogenic varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infection is theoretically impossible as it does not contain a live virus. We present a case of acute retinal necrosis (ARN) and disseminated zoster after receiving the recombinant subunit vaccine. Observations A 65-year-old woman with past medical history of multiple myeloma treated with a previous autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant and now with daratumumab and pomalidomide developed disseminated zoster and subsequently acute retinal necrosis weeks after receiving the zoster subunit vaccine. Molecular testing confirmed the presence of VZV, and the absence of herpes simplex virus, cytomegalovirus, and toxoplasmosis. The VZV was found to be genotypically wildtype and not related to the Oka strain used in the live-attenuated zoster vaccine. She was treated with systemic valacyclovir and intravitreal foscarnet. Conclusions and importance This is the first report of VZV infection following the zoster subunit vaccine. The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) has recommended the recombinant subunit vaccine over the live-attenuated vaccine due to its superior efficacy. The off-label use of the subunit vaccine in immunocompromised populations has been supported up to this point by studies demonstrating its relative safety. Though post-vaccination VZV infection or reactivation appears to be rare, clinicians should be aware of this potential complication to the recombinant subunit vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca I Chen
- Cleveland Clinic Cole Eye Institute, 9500 Euclid Avenue i-32 Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Jordan D Deaner
- Cleveland Clinic Cole Eye Institute, 9500 Euclid Avenue i-32 Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Sunil K Srivastava
- Cleveland Clinic Cole Eye Institute, 9500 Euclid Avenue i-32 Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Careen Y Lowder
- Cleveland Clinic Cole Eye Institute, 9500 Euclid Avenue i-32 Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
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Li HH, Abraham JR, Sevgi DD, Srivastava SK, Hach JM, Whitney J, Vasanji A, Reese JL, Ehlers JP. Automated Quality Assessment and Image Selection of Ultra-Widefield Fluorescein Angiography Images through Deep Learning. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2020; 9:52. [PMID: 32995069 PMCID: PMC7500112 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.9.2.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Numerous angiographic images with high variability in quality are obtained during each ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography (UWFA) acquisition session. This study evaluated the feasibility of an automated system for image quality classification and selection using deep learning. Methods The training set was comprised of 3543 UWFA images. Ground-truth image quality was assessed by expert image review and classified into one of four categories (ungradable, poor, good, or best) based on contrast, field of view, media opacity, and obscuration from external features. Two test sets, including randomly selected 392 images separated from the training set and an independent balanced image set composed of 50 ungradable/poor and 50 good/best images, assessed the model performance and bias. Results In the randomly selected and balanced test sets, the automated quality assessment system showed overall accuracy of 89.0% and 94.0% for distinguishing between gradable and ungradable images, with sensitivity of 90.5% and 98.6% and specificity of 87.0% and 81.5%, respectively. The receiver operating characteristic curve measuring performance of two-class classification (ungradable and gradable) had an area under the curve of 0.920 in the randomly selected set and 0.980 in the balanced set. Conclusions A deep learning classification model demonstrates the feasibility of automatic classification of UWFA image quality. Clinical application of this system might greatly reduce manual image grading workload, allow quality-based image presentation to clinicians, and provide near-instantaneous feedback on image quality during image acquisition for photographers. Translational Relevance The UWFA image quality classification tool may significantly reduce manual grading for clinical- and research-related work, providing instantaneous and reliable feedback on image quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry H Li
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Joseph R Abraham
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Duriye Damla Sevgi
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Sunil K Srivastava
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Vitreoretinal Service, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jenna M Hach
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jon Whitney
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Jamie L Reese
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Vitreoretinal Service, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Justis P Ehlers
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Vitreoretinal Service, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Uchida A, Pillai JA, Bermel R, Jones SE, Fernandez H, Leverenz JB, Srivastava SK, Ehlers JP. Correlation between brain volume and retinal photoreceptor outer segment volume in normal aging and neurodegenerative diseases. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237078. [PMID: 32881874 PMCID: PMC7470418 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the association between outer retinal layer metrics, including photoreceptor outer segment volume, on spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) and brain volume on MRI in normal aging, Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. METHODS This was an exploratory analysis of a cross-sectional cohort study that was approved by the Cleveland Clinic Institutional Review Board to evaluate neurodegenerative disorders. Subjects aged ≥ 50 were recruited. A comprehensive neurological exam, brain MRI with volumetric evaluation, and OCT were performed for each subject. Outer retinal layer parameters, including ellipsoid zone (EZ) to retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) volume (i.e., surrogate for panmacular photoreceptor outer segment volume), were evaluated with a novel OCT analysis platform. RESULTS Of 85 subjects, 64 eyes of 64 subjects met MRI and OCT quality control criteria. Total brain volume (%ICV) significantly correlated with EZ-RPE volume in the normal cognition control group (n = 31, Pearson correlation coefficient 0.514, P < .01), the Parkinson's disease group (n = 19, Pearson correlation coefficient 0.482, P = .04), and the Alzheimer's dementia group (n = 14, Pearson correlation coefficient 0.526, P = .05). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that photoreceptor outer segment (i.e., EZ-RPE) volume was an independent, influential factor on total brain volume in all study subjects (Coefficient 15.2, 95% confidence interval 7.8-22.6, P < .001). CONCLUSION Outer retinal parameters on OCT may serve as a novel biomarker related to brain volume. This correlation was noted in control subjects suggesting a possible developmental link between retina and brain volume. This relationship was also maintained with atrophic neurodegenerative disorders. Further research is needed to explore possible threshold differences for underlying neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuro Uchida
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Jagan A. Pillai
- Department of Neurology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Robert Bermel
- Department of Neurology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | | | - Hubert Fernandez
- Center for Neurological Restoration, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - James B. Leverenz
- Department of Neurology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Sunil K. Srivastava
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Justis P. Ehlers
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
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Prasanna P, Bobba V, Figueiredo N, Sevgi DD, Lu C, Braman N, Alilou M, Sharma S, Srivastava SK, Madabhushi A, Ehlers JP. Radiomics-based assessment of ultra-widefield leakage patterns and vessel network architecture in the PERMEATE study: insights into treatment durability. Br J Ophthalmol 2020; 105:1155-1160. [PMID: 32816791 DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2020-317182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the potential of radiomics-based ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography (UWFA)-derived imaging biomarkers in retinal vascular disease for predicting therapeutic durability of intravitreal aflibercept injection (IAI). METHODS The Peripheral and Macular Retinal Vascular Perfusion and Leakage Dynamics in Diabetic Macular Edema and Retinal Venous Occlusions During Intravitreal Aflibercept Injection (IAI) Treatment for Retinal Edema (PERMEATE) study prospectively evaluated quantitative UWFA dynamics in diabetic macular oedema or macular oedema secondary to retinal vascular occlusion. 27 treatment-naïve eyes were treated with 2 mg IAI q4 weeks for the first 6 months, and then administered q8 weeks. Morphological and graph-based attributes were used to model the spatial distribution of leakage areas, while tortuosity measures were used to model the vessel network disorder. Eyes were grouped based on functional tolerance of the first 8-week treatment interval challenge. 'Non-rebounders' (N=15) maintained/improved best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) following the 8-week challenge. 'Rebounders' (N=12) exhibited worsened BVCA. The image biomarkers were used with a machine learning classifier to preliminarily evaluate their ability to predict BCVA stability. RESULTS Two new UWFA image-derived biomarkers were identified and extracted. The cross-validated area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.77±0.14 using baseline leakage distribution features and 0.73±0.10 for the UWFA baseline tortuosity measures. Additionally, the change in vascular tortuosity between month 4 and baseline yielded an AUC of 0.73±0.08. Three baseline clinical features of letter score, macular volume and central subfield thickness yielded a corresponding AUC of 0.42±0.09. CONCLUSIONS Two computer-extracted UWFA radiomics-based descriptors were identified as potential biomarkers for predicting treatment durability and tolerance of longer treatment intervals. Conventional treatment parameters were not significantly different between these same groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prateek Prasanna
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Biomedical Informatics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Vishal Bobba
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Natalia Figueiredo
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Duriye Damla Sevgi
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Cheng Lu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Nathaniel Braman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Mehdi Alilou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Sumit Sharma
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Sunil K Srivastava
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Anant Madabhushi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Administration Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Justis P Ehlers
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Uchida A, Srivastava SK, Manjunath D, Singh RP, Rachitskaya AV, Kaiser PK, Reese JL, Ehlers JP. Impact of Drusen Burden on Incidence of Subclinical CNV With OCTA. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2020; 51:22-30. [PMID: 31935299 DOI: 10.3928/23258160-20191211-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of drusen burden on the detection of subclinical choroidal neovascularization (CNV) on optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in nonexudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD). PATIENTS AND METHODS A subanalysis of the AVATAR study, subjects diagnosed with nonexudative AMD without subfoveal atrophy were included. Subclinical CNV was assessed using OCTA software, and drusen burden was graded utilizing the advanced retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) analysis. RESULTS Among eligible 58 eyes, 26 eyes (45%) had high drusen burden. Of the three eyes (5%) that demonstrated subclinical CNV, only one eye had high drusen burden, and all three eyes had neovascular AMD in the fellow eye. Extrafoveal RPE atrophy (odds ratio [OR] = 20.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.53-261) and older age (OR = 1.27; 95% CI, 1.01-1.59) were predictive factors for subclinical CNV. CONCLUSION Extrafoveal RPE atrophy, older age, and fellow-eye CNV were significant risk factors for underlying subclinical CNV in nonexudative AMD. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2020;51:22-30.].
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Ahmad A, Srivastava SK, Das AK. Phase stability and the effect of lattice distortions on electronic properties and half-metallic ferromagnetism of Co 2FeAl Heusler alloy: an ab initiostudy. J Phys Condens Matter 2020; 32:415606. [PMID: 32575089 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab9f4f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Density functional theory calculations within the generalized gradient approximation are employed to study the ground state of Co2FeAl. Various magnetic configurations are considered to find out its most stable phase. The ferromagnetic ground state of the Co2FeAl is energetically observed with an optimized lattice constant of 5.70 Å. After that, the system was subjected under uniform and non-uniform strains, to see their effects on spin polarization (P) and half-metallicity. The effect of spin-orbit coupling is considered in the present study. Half-metallicity (and 100%P) is retained only under uniform strains started from 0 to +4%, and dropped rapidly from 90% to 16% for the negative strains started from -1% to -6%. We find that the present system is much sensitive under tetragonal distortions as half-metallicity (and 100%P) is preserved only for the cubic case. The main reason for the loss of half-metallicity is due to the shift of the bands with respect to the Fermi level (EF). We also discuss the influence of these results on spintronics devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aquil Ahmad
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - S K Srivastava
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - A K Das
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
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72
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Sonne SJ, Shieh WS, Srivastava SK, Smith BT. Lymphoma masquerading as occlusive retinal vasculitis: A case study. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2020; 19:100777. [PMID: 32613135 PMCID: PMC7320315 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoc.2020.100777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To describe a case of retinal lymphoma presenting as an occlusive retinal vasculitis without vitritis that was exquisitely responsive to intravitreal dexamethasone implant (IVDI). Observation A 66-year old male presented with decreased vision in the right eye and was diagnosed with occlusive retinal vasculitis and prominent cystoid macular edema though he lacked vitritis. A complete systemic workup for infectious, inflammatory, and infiltrative etiologies was unremarkable. Intravenous methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide had no clinical effect. Due to persistent perivascular exudates and refractory macular edema, IVDI was administered with marked improvement in vision and clinical findings. Subsequent retinal vasculitis in the left eye responded to IVDI as well. The patient remained disease free for months while on weekly adalimumab. He then presented with acute vision loss in the left eye due to a lymphomatous subretinal infiltration and a new lesion in the corpus callosum. He has remained disease free for more than two years after intravitreal methotrexate injections and rituximab with an autologous stem cell transplant. Conclusion and importance Lymphoma may present as an occlusive retinal vasculitis without vitritis and can be masked due to its response to IVDI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott J Sonne
- Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | | | - Bradley T Smith
- The Retina Institute, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Washington University, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, St. Louis, MO, USA
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73
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Sagar P, Srivastava M, Prakash R, Srivastava SK. The fabrication of an MoS 2 QD-AuNP modified screen-printed electrode for the improved electrochemical detection of cefixime. Anal Methods 2020; 12:3014-3024. [PMID: 32930161 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay00899k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report a voltammetric method for the nanomolar detection of cefixime, a third-generation antibiotic. The determination of cefixime is validated on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) as well as on a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE). In the present study, we have reported a facile "one step simple hydrothermal synthesis" of MoS2 quantum dots and with the oxidation of aurochloric acid for the further formation of an MoS2 QD-AuNP composite. The as-synthesized nanocomposite was characterized via UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, XRD, TEM and EDX techniques, and further applied in the modification of working electrodes, showing excellent electroactivity. The sensing of cefixime was done via cyclic and differential pulse voltammetry techniques. The presence of the only anodic peak in the voltammogram reveals the irreversible oxidation of cefixime in the potential range of about 1.3 ± 0.1 V vs. Ag/AgCl. The study was also performed at different scan rates, which indicate a diffusion-controlled mechanism. The proposed cefixime sensor showed a linear response in the concentration range of 0.33-90.82 μM (at S/N = 3) with a limit of detection (LOD) of 3.9-4.5 nm. The electrochemical sensitivity is calculated as 8.63 μA μM-1 cm-2 and 7.07 μA μM-1 cm-2 in buffer and pharmaceutical formulation (commercially available cefixime tablet), respectively. The effects of several interferents were also investigated. The proposed sensor is effectively used for estimating cefixime in phosphate buffer and the commercially available cefixime tablets with no cross-reactivity or matrix effects and shows a promising prospect for real applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinky Sagar
- Department of Physics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
| | - Monika Srivastava
- School of Materials Science and Technology, IIT (BHU) Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Rajiv Prakash
- School of Materials Science and Technology, IIT (BHU) Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - S K Srivastava
- Department of Physics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
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74
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Browne AW, Ansari W, Hu M, Baynes K, Lowder CY, Ehlers JP, Srivastava SK. Quantitative Analysis of Ellipsoid Zone in Acute Posterior Multifocal Placoid Pigment Epitheliopathy. J Vitreoretin Dis 2020; 4:192-201. [PMID: 34084990 PMCID: PMC8171299 DOI: 10.1177/2474126420901897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Quantitative end points for uveitis are needed. Here we quantify the rate of ellipsoid zone (EZ) recovery on optical coherence tomography (OCT) and correlate it with visual acuity (VA) improvement in patients with acute posterior multifocal placoid pigmented epitheliopathy (APMPPE). We use automated and manually graded EZ area analysis to assess EZ recovery in APMPPE. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of 9 APMPPE cases (18 eyes) that had characteristic clinical examination and fluorescein angiography findings, outer retinal disruption on spectral-domain OCT, and treatment with systemic steroids after an unambiguous laboratory workup. The EZ was delineated using custom software to perform automated analysis and manual grading by 2 independent physicians. Quantitation of EZ changes was performed in ImageJ (National Institutes of Health). EZ maps were compared with equivalent findings from EZ en face OCT segmentation. Results: The 9 cases in our study were followed for an average of 198 days. Symptomatic improvement occurred in all eyes. VA recovery occurred in 83% of eyes and depended on presenting foveal involvement. Positive slopes of EZ area over time demonstrated recovery. EZ recovery profiles determined by manual and automated software demonstrated high Pearson correlation coefficients (0.78-0.94). Slab en face EZ analysis demonstrated moderate agreement. Conclusions: EZ recovery correlates with symptomatic and VA recovery. Automated EZ analysis shows strong agreement with manually graded EZ analysis in APMPPE. EZ recovery in patients with APMPPE provides a biomarker for recovery and may be applied to other diseases affecting the outer retina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew W. Browne
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH,
USA
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine,
Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Waseem Ansari
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH,
USA
| | - Ming Hu
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Lerner Research
Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Kimberly Baynes
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH,
USA
| | - Careen Y. Lowder
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH,
USA
| | - Justis P. Ehlers
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH,
USA
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Yee P, Sevgi DD, Abraham J, Srivastava SK, Le T, Uchida A, Figueiredo N, Rachitskaya AV, Sharma S, Reese J, Ehlers JP. iOCT-assisted macular hole surgery: outcomes and utility from the DISCOVER study. Br J Ophthalmol 2020; 105:403-409. [PMID: 32376609 DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2020-316045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS This study aimed to characterise the clinical outcomes and utility of intraoperative optical coherence tomography (iOCT)-assisted macular hole (MH) repair. METHODS This was a post hoc analysis of eyes in the D etermination of feasibility of I ntraoperative S pectral domain microscope C ombined/integrated O CT V isualization during E n face R etinal and ophthalmic surgery (DISCOVER) study undergoing surgical MH repair with use of iOCT. Functional and surgical outcome data were collected through 12 months postoperatively. MH closure rate, postoperative visual acuity (VA), percentage of cases in which iOCT provided valuable feedback and altered surgical decision making were measured. RESULTS Eighty-four eyes were included in this study. The mean preoperative VA measured 20/114. The mean postoperative VA improved to 20/68 (p<0.001) at month 1, 20/48 (p<0.001) at month 3 and 20/45 (p<0.001) at month 12 or later. In 43 cases (51%), surgeons reported that iOCT provided valuable information (eg, confirming release of vitreomacular traction and identification of occult residual membranes). In 10 cases (12%), iOCT data specifically altered surgical decision making. Postoperative day 1 transtamponade OCT confirmed tissue apposition and apparent hole closure in 74% of eyes (21/26). All five open holes on postoperative day 1 closed following positioning. Single-surgery MH closure was achieved in 97.6% of cases. One persistent MH was successfully closed with a subsequent surgical repair for a final overall closure rate of 98.8%. Due to chronicity and MH size, additional repair was not recommended for the single remaining persistent MH. CONCLUSION This study suggests that iOCT may have important utility in MH surgery, including impacting surgical decision making. iOCT-assisted MH surgery resulted in significant improvement in VA and high single-surgery success rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philina Yee
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Duriye Damla Sevgi
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Joseph Abraham
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Sunil K Srivastava
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Cole Eye Institute Retina Service, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Thuy Le
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Atsuro Uchida
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Natalia Figueiredo
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Sumit Sharma
- Cole Eye Institute Retina Service, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Jamie Reese
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Justis P Ehlers
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA .,Cole Eye Institute Retina Service, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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Babiuch AS, Uchida A, Hu M, Khan M, Srivastava SK, Singh RP, Kaiser PK, Rachtiskaya A, Reese JL, Ehlers JP. Use of OCTA Capillary Perfusion Density Measurements to Detect and Grade Macular Ischemia. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2020; 51:S30-S36. [PMID: 32348532 DOI: 10.3928/23258160-20200401-04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE To compare optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) capillary perfusion density (CPD) measurements of normal eyes and eyes with macular ischemia (MI). PATIENTS AND METHODS AVATAR is an institutional review board-approved, prospective, observational imaging study using the Avanti RTVue XR HD. OCTA reports were reviewed for the presence of MI. Qualitative MI grading was performed, and CPD metrics in the superficial and deep fovea and parafovea were analyzed. A normal eye cohort was identified for comparative assessment. RESULTS The MI and normal cohorts included 55 and 58 eyes, respectively. Compared to normal eyes, eyes with MI had significantly lower CPD values in all regions. There was a statistically significant correlation between qualitative MI grade and VA in the superficial (P = .003) and deep plexuses (P = .029). Only deep parafoveal CPD values demonstrated correlation with VA (P = .043). CONCLUSIONS Eyes with MI determined by masked qualitative OCTA grading demonstrated significantly reduced CPD values compared to normal eyes. Categorical assessment of MI severity correlated with VA. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2020;51:S30-S36.].
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77
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Patel AS, Goshe JM, Srivastava SK, Ehlers JP. Intraoperative Optical Coherence Tomography-Assisted Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty in the DISCOVER Study: First 100 Cases. Am J Ophthalmol 2020; 210:167-173. [PMID: 31562854 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2019.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Intraoperative optical coherence tomography (iOCT) may facilitate successful transition to Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) surgery via improved efficiency of tissue orientation. The purpose of this study is to report a large consecutive series of iOCT-assisted DMEK, inclusive of all learning curve cases. DESIGN Prospective consecutive case series. METHODS The Determination of Feasibility of Intraoperative Spectral Domain Microscope Combined/Integrated OCT Visualization During En Face Retinal and Ophthalmic Surgery (DISCOVER) study is a single-site, multisurgeon, IRB-approved investigational device prospective study. The first 100 consecutive iOCT-assisted DMEK surgeries performed by 1 attending corneal surgeon (JMG) and 6 novice surgeons (cornea fellows under supervision) were reviewed. iOCT was utilized for tissue orientation. Patient demographics, tissue characteristics, intraoperative parameters, and postoperative complications are reported. OUTCOMES (1) Utility of iOCT based on surgeon reporting during surgery, (2) intraoperative graft unscrolling efficiency, and (3) frequency of postoperative complications. RESULTS One hundred eyes of 76 patients were enrolled. Forty-three cases were performed by 1 staff physician and 57 cases were performed by 6 cornea fellows. Concurrent phacoemulsification with lens implantation was performed in 52 cases (52%). Nine eyes (9%) required rebubbling. Two eyes (2.0%) experienced primary graft failure. One graft failure resulted from surgeon error in interpreting the iOCT. Average unscrolling time was 4.4 ± 4.1 minutes (range: 0.7-27.6 minutes). CONCLUSIONS iOCT facilitates DMEK orientation without the need for external markings. For novice DMEK surgeons, complication rates and unscrolling times compare favorably with alternative tissue orientation methods.
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Cao JL, Srivastava SK, Venkat A, Lowder CY, Sharma S. Ultra-widefield Fluorescein Angiography and OCT Findings in Tubulointerstitial Nephritis and Uveitis Syndrome. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 4:189-197. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oret.2019.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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79
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Panwar P, Maurya SC, Nag RK, Srivastava SK, Chowdhary S. Incidence of Tuberculosis after Routine IPT (Isoniazid Preventive Therapy) in HIV Infected Patients at a Tertiary Center. J Assoc Physicians India 2020; 68:77. [PMID: 31979757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - S C Maurya
- Ram Manohar Lohiya combined hospital, Lucknow
| | - R K Nag
- Ram Manohar Lohiya combined hospital, Lucknow
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Ehlers JP, Uchida A, Hu M, Figueiredo N, Kaiser PK, Heier JS, Brown DM, Boyer DS, Do DV, Gibson A, Saroj N, Srivastava SK. Higher-Order Assessment of OCT in Diabetic Macular Edema from the VISTA Study: Ellipsoid Zone Dynamics and the Retinal Fluid Index. Ophthalmol Retina 2019; 3:1056-1066. [PMID: 31473172 PMCID: PMC6899163 DOI: 10.1016/j.oret.2019.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate retinal fluid features and ellipsoid zone (EZ) integrity dynamics on spectral-domain OCT (SD-OCT) in eyes with diabetic macular edema (DME) treated with intravitreal aflibercept injection (IAI) in the VISTA-DME study. DESIGN A post hoc subanalysis of a phase III, prospective clinical trial. PARTICIPANTS Eyes received either IAI 2 mg every 4 weeks (2q4) or every 8 weeks after 5 initial monthly doses (2q8). METHODS All eyes from the VISTA Phase III study in the IAI groups imaged with the Cirrus HD-OCT system (Zeiss, Oberkochen, Germany) were included. The OCT macular cube datasets were evaluated using a novel software platform to generate retinal layer and fluid boundary lines that were manually corrected for assessment of change in EZ parameters and volumetric fluid parameters from baseline. The retinal fluid index (i.e., proportion of the retinal volume consisting of cystic fluid) was also calculated at each time point. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The feasibility of volumetric assessment of higher-order OCT-based retinal parameters and its correlation with best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA). RESULTS Overall, 106 eyes of 106 patients were included. Specifically, 52 eyes of 52 patients were included in the IAI 2q4 arm, and 54 eyes of 54 patients were included in the IAI 2q8 arm. Ellipsoid zone integrity metrics significantly improved from baseline to week 100, including central macular mean EZ to retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) thickness (2q4: 26.6 μm to 31.6 μm, P < 0.001; 2q8: 25.2 μm to 31.4 μm, P < 0.001). At week 100, central macular intraretinal fluid volume was reduced by >65% (P < 0.001) and central macular subretinal fluid volume was reduced by >99% in both arms (P < 0.001). Central macular retinal fluid index (RFI) significantly improved in both arms (2q4: 17.9% to 7.2%, P < 0.001; 2q8: 19.8% to 4.2%, P < 0.001). Central macular mean EZ-RPE thickness (i.e., a surrogate for photoreceptor outer segment length) and central RFI were independently correlated with BCVA at multiple follow-up visits. CONCLUSIONS Intravitreal aflibercept injection resulted in significant improvement in EZ integrity and quantitative fluid metrics in both 2q4 and 2q8 arms and correlated with visual function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justis P Ehlers
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.
| | - Atsuro Uchida
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Ming Hu
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Natalia Figueiredo
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | | | | | - David S Boyer
- Retinal-Vitreous Associates, Los Angeles, California
| | - Diana V Do
- Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California
| | | | | | - Sunil K Srivastava
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
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Abraham JR, Srivastava SK, K Le T, Sharma S, Rachitskaya A, Reese JL, Ehlers JP. Intraoperative OCT-Assisted Retinal Detachment Repair in the DISCOVER Study: Impact and Outcomes. Ophthalmol Retina 2019; 4:378-383. [PMID: 31948909 DOI: 10.1016/j.oret.2019.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to evaluate intraoperative OCT (iOCT) utility and outcomes during retinal detachment (RD) repair. DESIGN The Determination of Feasibility of Intraoperative Spectral-Domain Microscope Combined/Integrated OCT Visualization during En Face Retinal and Ophthalmic Surgery (DISCOVER) intraoperative OCT study is a prospective Institutional Review Board-approved study. PARTICIPANTS Participants in the DISCOVER study undergoing surgical repair for RD. METHODS This was a post hoc analysis of eyes in the DISCOVER study undergoing surgical repair for RDs. Inclusion criteria included iOCT after perfluorocarbon liquid placement and at least 6 months follow-up. Exclusion criteria included severe retinal pathology unrelated to RD. Surgeons completed standardized questionnaires after each case evaluating the iOCT instrument's utility. Functional and surgical outcome data were collected at the latest available time point between 6 and 12 months. Outcomes were evaluated in 2 groups: uncomplicated primary and complex cases. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Intraoperative OCT utility, single-surgery success, and visual acuity outcomes. RESULTS A total of 103 eyes were included in this study: 51 uncomplicated primary and 52 complex cases. Intraoperative OCT provided valuable information in 36% of cases. In 12% of cases, iOCT data directly altered surgical decision making. There was a significantly higher rate of valuable iOCT feedback in complex cases compared with primary cases (50% vs. 22%, P < 0.01). Among primary cases, 48 (94%) had successful single surgery repair with a mean postoperative visual acuity of 20/47 compared with the complex group's 75% single surgery success (n=39) and mean postoperative visual acuity of 20/92. CONCLUSIONS This study affirms the potential impact of iOCT in assisting select cases of RD repair, particularly with complex pathology. The single surgery success rate was good with more than 80% of cases successfully repaired with 1 surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph R Abraham
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Sunil K Srivastava
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Vitreoretinal Service, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Thuy K Le
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Sumit Sharma
- Vitreoretinal Service, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | - Jamie L Reese
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Justis P Ehlers
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Vitreoretinal Service, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.
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Ehlers JP, Jiang AC, Boss JD, Hu M, Figueiredo N, Babiuch A, Talcott K, Sharma S, Hach J, Le T, Rogozinski A, Lunasco L, Reese JL, Srivastava SK. Quantitative Ultra-Widefield Angiography and Diabetic Retinopathy Severity: An Assessment of Panretinal Leakage Index, Ischemic Index and Microaneurysm Count. Ophthalmology 2019; 126:1527-1532. [PMID: 31383482 PMCID: PMC6810836 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2019.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the relationship between the diabetic retinopathy (DR) severity and quantitative ultra-widefield angiographic metrics, including leakage index, ischemic index, and microaneurysm count. DESIGN Retrospective image analysis study. METHODS Eyes with DR that had undergone ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography (UWFA) with associated color photography were identified. All eyes were laser-naive and had not received any intravitreal pharmacotherapy within 6 months of UWFA. Each eye was graded for DR severity. Quantitative angiographic parameters were evaluated with a semiautomated analysis platform with expert reader correction, as needed. Angiographic parameters included panretinal leakage index, ischemic index, and microaneurysm count. Clinical characteristics analyzed included age, gender, race, hemoglobin A1C level, hypertension, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and smoking history. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Association of DR severity with panretinal leakage index, ischemic index, and microaneurysm count. RESULTS Three hundred thirty-nine eyes were included with mean age of 62±13 years. Forty-two percent of eyes were from women and 57.5% were from men. Distribution of DR severity was as follows: mild NPDR in 11.2%, moderate NPDR in 23.9%, severe NPDR in 40.1%, and PDR with 24.8%. Panretinal leakage index [mild NPDR (mean = 0.51%), moderate NPDR mean = 1.20%, severe NPDR (mean = 2.75%), and PDR (mean = 5.84%); P<2×10-16], panretinal ischemic index [mild NPDR (mean = 0.95%, moderate NPDR (mean = 1.37%), severe NPDR (mean = 2.80%), and PDR (mean = 9.53%); P<2×10-16], and panretinal microaneurysm count [mild NPDR (mean = 36), moderate NPDR (mean = 129), severe NPDR (mean = 203), and PDR (mean = 254); P<5×10-7] were strongly associated with DR severity. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that ischemic index and leakage index were the parameters associated most strongly with level of DR severity. CONCLUSIONS Panretinal leakage index, panretinal ischemic index, and panretinal microaneurysm count are associated with DR severity. Additional research is needed to understand the clinical implications of these parameters related to progression risk, prognosis, and implications for therapeutic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justis P Ehlers
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Vitreoretinal Service, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.
| | - Alice C Jiang
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Joseph D Boss
- Vitreoretinal Service, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Ming Hu
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Natalia Figueiredo
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Amy Babiuch
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Vitreoretinal Service, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Katherine Talcott
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Vitreoretinal Service, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Sumit Sharma
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Vitreoretinal Service, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jenna Hach
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Thuy Le
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Alison Rogozinski
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Leina Lunasco
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jamie L Reese
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Sunil K Srivastava
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Vitreoretinal Service, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
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Gupta A, Chowdhury RK, Ray SK, Srivastava SK. Selective photoresponse of plasmonic silver nanoparticle decorated Bi 2Se 3 nanosheets. Nanotechnology 2019; 30:435204. [PMID: 31320602 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab3382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The plasmon-enhanced photoresponse properties of a Ag nanoparticle decorated Bi2Se3 nanosheet (AGBS)/p-Si heterojunction device have been studied. The Ag nanoparticles, Bi2Se3 nanosheets, and AGBS nanocomposite are synthesized chemically. Microscopic investigations, ultimately of the AGBS nanocomposite, reveal that the Bi2Se3 nanosheets of thickness ∼20 nm and lateral dimension ∼1 μm are decorated with Ag nanoparticles of sizes 20-40 nm in the nanocomposite. The x-ray diffraction pattern of AGBS shows that apart from being in a metallic state, the Ag in the AGBS is also in the form of compounds with Bi, Se, and additionally O. This observation is further complemented by the x-ray photoelectron spectrum, which shows the presence of Ag0 and Ag+ states of Ag in AGBS. The UV-visible absorption spectra show the plasmonic peak of the Ag nanoparticles occurs at 420 nm; the peak is shifted to ∼500 nm in AGBS due to the modified dielectric environment of the nanoparticles. The AGBS/p-Si heterojunction shows excellent photoresponse properties, with a responsivity of 0.28 A/W, a fairly high detectivity of 4 × 1010 Jones, and an EQE of 71% under 10 V reverse bias at a 500 nm wavelength. The plasmon enhanced photoresponse at the selective wavelength makes this material attractive for high performance optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anu Gupta
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
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84
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Venkat AG, Ehlers JP, Kaiser PK, Singh RP, Schachat AP, Srivastava SK, Martin DF, Rachitskaya AV. Detection of Choroidal Neovascular Membrane Beneath Pigment Epithelial Detachment Using SD-OCTA. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2019; 50:620-626. [PMID: 31671194 DOI: 10.3928/23258160-20191009-04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE To identify choroidal neovascular membrane (CNVM) associated with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT)-defined pigment epithelial detachment (PED) using SD-OCT angiography (SD-OCTA). PATIENTS AND METHODS Sixty-nine patients with same-day OCT and OCTA imaging were reviewed, and 41 eyes of 29 patients with PEDs were included. OCTs were analyzed for PED type, fluid, and subretinal hyperreflective material (SHRM). RESULTS Twenty-seven eyes (66%) demonstrated CNVM on OCTA beneath all subtypes of PED. Twenty-two eyes (75.9%) with fluid or SHRM demonstrated CNVM on OCTA (P = .036). Fluid corresponded in a statistically significant manner with treatment (P = .0032), whereas SHRM did not (P = .613). OCTA-defined CNVM showed borderline statistically significant correlation to treatment (P = .05). Increased choroidal flow signal seen in 50% of eyes did not demonstrate statistically significant correlation to the presence of fluid on SD-OCT (P = .2798) or treatment decision (P = .678). A subset of 14 untreated eyes with CNVM was analyzed, 21% of which required treatment at subsequent visits. CONCLUSIONS OCTA-defined CNVM was seen in all subtypes of PED in clinically active and inactive disease. The role of OCTA in predicting need for treatment remains to be established. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2019;50:620-626.].
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Jiang AC, Srivastava SK, Hu M, Figueiredo N, Babiuch A, Boss JD, Reese JL, Ehlers JP. Quantitative Ultra-Widefield Angiographic Features and Associations with Diabetic Macular Edema. Ophthalmol Retina 2019; 4:49-56. [PMID: 31690541 DOI: 10.1016/j.oret.2019.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the relationship between diabetic macular edema (DME) and quantitative ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography (UWFA) metrics of ischemia, leakage, and microaneurysms. DESIGN Retrospective image analysis study. PARTICIPANTS Eyes with diabetic retinopathy that had undergone spectral-domain OCT, UWFA, and ultra-widefield fundus photography. METHODS OCT images were analyzed to determine the presence or absence of DME, central subfield thickness (CST), and subretinal fluid. Using a semiautomated analysis platform, UWFA images were segmented for ischemia, leakage, and microaneurysms with manual correction as needed. Clinical variables, including age, gender, race, hemoglobin A1C levels, blood pressure, cholesterol levels, use of blood thinners, smoking status, and lens status also were evaluated. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Factors associated with the presence and severity of DME. RESULTS A total of 304 eyes (156 right eyes, 148 left eyes) from 178 diabetic patients were analyzed in the study. Panretinal leakage index, microaneurysm count, and ischemic index were not significantly different between eyes with and without DME in univariate assessment. Zonal assessments of macular microaneurysms and macular leakage index values revealed that eyes with DME showed a significantly higher microaneurysm count (P = 0.001) and leakage index (P < 0.0001) in the posterior pole compared with eyes without DME. Severity of macular thickening (i.e., CST) was associated significantly with macular leakage index and posterior pole microaneurysm count (P = 0.0002 and P = 0.03, respectively). In addition to posterior pole leakage index and microaneurysm count, DME was associated with older age (P < 0.01), higher systolic blood pressure (P < 0.001), and white race (P = 0.03). Multivariate assessment confirmed the independent association of presence of DME with macular leakage index and macular microaneurysm count (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Quantitative measures of leakage index and microaneurysm count in the posterior pole on UWFA images were associated with the presence and severity of DME. Panretinal analyses were not linked to DME as strongly. Additional research is needed to determine the role of quantitative UWFA in predicting DME development and characterizing patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice C Jiang
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Sunil K Srivastava
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Vitreoretinal Service, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Ming Hu
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Natalia Figueiredo
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Amy Babiuch
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Vitreoretinal Service, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Joseph D Boss
- Vitreoretinal Service, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jamie L Reese
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Justis P Ehlers
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Vitreoretinal Service, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.
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86
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Patra P, Khan SA, Bala M, Avasthi DK, Srivastava SK. Assessing a thermal spike model of swift heavy ion-matter interactions via Pd 1-xNi x/Si interface mixing. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:16634-16646. [PMID: 31317146 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp02052g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The thermal spike model (TSM), a widely accepted mechanism of swift heavy ion (SHI)-matter interactions, provides explanation for various SHI induced effects, including mixing across interfaces. We assess the validity of the model via tuning the electron-phonon coupling strength (G) by taking a series Pd1-xNix of a completely solid soluble binary, and then observing Pd1-xNix/Si interface mixing induced by a combination of 100 MeV Au ion irradiation and 4 keV Ar ion sputtering. If the TSM truly describes the SHI-matter interaction mechanism, any non-linearity in x-variation of G must also result in a similar non-linearity in the x-dependence of mixing. Experimentally, the extent of mixing has been parametrized by the irradiation induced change Δσ2 in variances of Pd and Ni depth profiles derived from XPS. Computationally, G determined using density functional theory has been used to solve the equations appropriate to the TSM, and then an equivalent quantity L2, proportional to Δσ2, has been calculated. Both Δσ2(x) and L2(x) show non-linearities, albeit in slightly dissimilar ways, leading to a conjecture that the present work at least does not invalidate the TSM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paramita Patra
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India.
| | - S A Khan
- Inter-University Accelerator Centre, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - M Bala
- Department of Physics and Astrophysics, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110007, India
| | - D K Avasthi
- Amity Institute of Nanotechnology, Amity University, Sector 125, Noida 201313, India
| | - S K Srivastava
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India.
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87
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Lavine JA, Srivastava SK, Dukles N, Reese JL, Ehlers JP. Longitudinal ellipsoid zone and subretinal fluid mapping following ocriplasmin injection in the prospective observational ORBIT trial. Br J Ophthalmol 2019; 104:410-415. [PMID: 31248879 DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2019-314142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ocriplasmin is approved for the treatment of symptomatic vitreomacular traction (VMT). However, several retrospective reports have identified ellipsoid zone (EZ) alterations on spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SDOCT) after ocriplasmin injection. This report quantitatively analysed outer retinal changes after intravitreal ocriplasmin. METHODS Ocriplasmin Research to Better Inform Treatment is a prospective, observational phase IV clinical study where subjects received a single intravitreal injection of ocriplasmin for symptomatic VMT. Macular cube scans were imported into a semiautomated EZ mapping and fluid feature extraction software for SDOCT analysis. Change in visual acuity, VMT release, macular hole (MH) closure, EZ integrity/volume and subretinal fluid (SRF) volume on SDOCT macular cube scans were recorded and analysed. RESULTS This analysis included 55 participants with 6 months of follow-up. Intravitreal ocriplasmin injection caused VMT release in 67% and MH closure in 82% of participants. Visual acuity improved by 4.5 letters (p<0.05) in the whole cohort and by 6.0 letters (p<0.05) in participants with VMT release. EZ volume was reduced by 23.4% at week 1 (p<0.001) and recovered to baseline by between months 3 and 6. EZ volume loss at week 1 did not correlate with ETDRS acuity at final visit. CONCLUSION Ocriplasmin treatment resulted in VMT release, MH closure and visual acuity gains in a significant portion of eyes. EZ volume was significantly reduced at week 1, but recovered to baseline levels by final follow-up and was not associated with final visual acuity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy A Lavine
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States.,Department of Ophthalmology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Sunil K Srivastava
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States.,The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Neeley Dukles
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States.,The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Jamie L Reese
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States.,The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Justis P Ehlers
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States .,The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
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88
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Uchida A, Hu M, Babiuch A, Srivastava SK, Singh RP, Kaiser PK, Talcott K, Rachitskaya A, Ehlers JP. Optical coherence tomography angiography characteristics of choroidal neovascularization requiring varied dosing frequencies in treat-and-extend management: An analysis of the AVATAR study. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218889. [PMID: 31237929 PMCID: PMC6592566 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) characteristics of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in eyes requiring different treatment frequency of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (NVAMD). DESIGN Prospective observational case series. METHODS Subjects who had undergone anti-VEGF treatment for NVAMD in the AVATAR study were subdivided into 3 groups depending on required anti-VEGF dosing: (i) treat-and-extend requiring every 4-6 weeks dosing (TEq4-6w), (ii) treat-and-extend requiring every 7-12 weeks dosing (TEq7-12w), (iii) eyes not requiring injection within last 12 months (PRN >12mo). OCTA images were evaluated for the morphological characteristics of CNV and the choriocapillaris flow void. RESULTS Study consisted 40 eyes of 31 patients with a mean age of 79.9 ± 6.2 years. CNV morphology analysis on OCTA was feasible in 29 (73%) eyes. Ninety percent of CNVs in TEq7-12w group were irregular in shape involving foveal center, while 67% of CNVs in PRN>12mo group were circular in shape sparing foveal center. Among three groups, statistical difference was found in CNV shape (P = .012) and CNV location (P = .003), while no statistical difference was found in the CNV area (P = .14), vessel density (P = .19), presence of core vessels (P = .23), the presence of small margin loops (P = .20), large margin loops (P = .14), CNV maturity (P = .40), or the mean percentage of choriocapillaris area with flow void (P = .66). CONCLUSION The combination of CNV sparing the foveal center with higher circularity may suggest a clinically inactive CNV following initial anti-VEGF therapy. We found minimal distinguishing OCTA characteristics between those eyes that required ongoing therapy with the treat-and-extend regimen. More research is needed to identify specific CNV characteristics on OCTA that may become a useful tool for the management of NVAMD and timing of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuro Uchida
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Ming Hu
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Amy Babiuch
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Retina Service, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Sunil K. Srivastava
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Retina Service, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Rishi P. Singh
- Retina Service, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Peter K. Kaiser
- Retina Service, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Katherine Talcott
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Retina Service, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Aleksandra Rachitskaya
- Retina Service, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Justis P. Ehlers
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Retina Service, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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89
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Petkovsek DS, Cherfan DG, Conti FF, Hom GL, Ehlers JP, Babiuch AS, Rachitskaya AV, Kaiser PK, Schachat AP, Srivastava SK, Sharma S, Singh RP. Eplerenone for the treatment of chronic central serous chorioretinopathy: 3-year clinical experience. Br J Ophthalmol 2019; 104:182-187. [DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2019-314047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background/aimsThe efficacy of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist eplerenone to treat chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) has been established. However, previous studies have been limited by small cohort size and short follow-up duration. This study aims to report 3-year clinical outcomes of patients treated with eplerenone for chronic CSCR.MethodsInstitutional review board-approved retrospective chart analysis at a single institution from 2012 to 2018. Baseline best-corrected visual acuity and anatomical measurements related to degree of subretinal fluid (SRF) were collected at eplerenone initiation. Follow-up data were collected at the closest date to 12, 24 and 36 months.ResultsData were obtained for 100 eyes of 83 patients at 1-year (mean 11.18 ± 4.00 months), 49 eyes at 2-year (24.01 ± 3.33 months) and 33 eyes at 3-year (mean 35.5 ± 7.89 months) follow-up visits. The rate of complete SRF resolution was 31%, 28% and 33%, respectively. At final follow-up, logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution visual acuity change from baseline was +0.10 ± 0.24 (p = 0.130). Average change from baseline at final follow-up for central subfield thickness was −97 ± 140.6 µm (p < 0.001), cube volume was –1.07 ± 1.71 mm3 (p < 0.001), macular thickness –28. 5 ± 47.5 µm (p < 0.001), maximum SRF height was −95.6 ± 160.5 µm (p < 0.001) and maximum SRF diameter was −1169.0 ± 1638.7 µm (p = 0.008).ConclusionAnatomical improvement occurs primarily within the first year of eplerenone treatment for chronic CSCR.
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90
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Lavine JA, Ramos MS, Wolk AM, Baynes K, Sharma S, Rachitskaya AV, Anand-Apte B, Srivastava SK, Yuan A. Heterogeneity of cultured melanocyte elongation and proliferation factor in bilateral diffuse uveal melanocytic proliferation. Exp Eye Res 2019; 184:30-37. [PMID: 30978346 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A patient with bilateral diffuse uveal melanocytic proliferation (BDUMP) associated with endometrial cancer was treated with plasmapheresis, but failed therapy with progressive serous retinal detachment. We collected plasma before and after plasmapheresis therapy. Our goal was to determine if the cultured melanocyte elongation and proliferation (CMEP) factor and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) was present in the IgG enriched fraction and understand why our patient failed plasmapheresis therapy. Melanocytes were cultured for 3-5 days in the presence of control medium, unfractionated pre-plasmapheresis BDUMP medium, IgG enriched or IgG depleted BDUMP medium, or unfractionated post-plasmapheresis BDUMP medium. Subretinal fluid was collected from patients with BDUMP and control retinal detachments and analyzed by electropheresis with immunoblotting. Medium with unfractionated BDUMP plasma stimulated melanocyte growth 1.4-1.5 fold compared to control medium on days 3-5 (p < 0.001 for all). Both IgG enriched and IgG depleted BDUMP medium mildly increased melanocyte growth 1.3 fold (p < 0.05 for enriched, p < 0.01 for depleted) compared to control. In comparison, unfractionated BDUMP medium caused a 1.7-fold increase in melanocyte growth, which was significantly more than the enriched (p < 0.01) and depleted (p < 0.05) fractions. Pre-plasmapheresis and post-plasmapheresis unfractionated BDUMP medium equally stimulated melanocyte growth 1.7-fold (p < 0.05) compared to control. HGF was present in IgG depleted, pre-plasmapheresis, and post-plasmapheresis samples, but absent in the IgG enriched fraction. There was no enrichment of IgG in the subretinal fluid from eyes with BDUMP. In conclusion, CMEP factor is not concentrated in the IgG enriched plasma fraction in our patient who failed plasmapheresis therapy. HGF levels have no correlation with melanocyte growth. Because plasmapheresis preferentially removes immunoglobulins from the plasma, our patient responded poorly to plasmapheresis treatment with worsening retinal detachment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy A Lavine
- (a)Northwestern University, Department of Ophthalmology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Michael S Ramos
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Alyson M Wolk
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Kimberly Baynes
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Sumit Sharma
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Bela Anand-Apte
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Alex Yuan
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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Barnes AC, Lowder CY, Bessette AP, Baynes K, Srivastava SK. Treatment of Acute Zonal Occult Outer Retinopathy With Intravitreal Steroids. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2019; 49:504-509. [PMID: 30021037 DOI: 10.3928/23258160-20180628-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE To report on the use of intravitreal steroids in the management of acute zonal occult outer retinopathy (AZOOR), a rare disorder affecting the outer retina. PATIENTS AND METHODS Retrospective case series of nine eyes of five patients with AZOOR who received intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide (IVTA), dexamethasone intravitreal implant, and/or fluocinolone acetonide implant. Treatment response was determined by reported symptoms and multimodal imaging findings. Patients were observed for at least 1 year following intravitreal steroid treatment (range: 14 months to 63 months). RESULTS Seven eyes received IVTA, six eyes received the dexamethasone intravitreal implant, and one eye received the fluocinolone acetonide implant. All patients experienced disease stability or improvement based on symptomatic response and multimodal imaging findings after intravitreal steroids. One eye developed central serous retinopathy, and another eye a choroidal neovascular membrane. Five of nine eyes experienced ocular hypertension. All phakic eyes developed cataracts. CONCLUSION Intravitreal steroids effectively achieved disease stability in patients with AZOOR. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2018;49:504-509.].
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92
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Ehlers JP, Uchida A, Srivastava SK, Hu M. Predictive Model for Macular Hole Closure Speed: Insights From Intraoperative Optical Coherence Tomography. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2019; 8:18. [PMID: 30746303 PMCID: PMC6366005 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.8.1.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To establish a predictive model of macular hole (MH) closure speed. Methods This study was a post hoc analysis of eyes that underwent full-thickness MH repair in the prospective PIONEER intraoperative optical coherence tomography (iOCT) study. The Bioptigen SDOIS system was used for iOCT imaging. All patients underwent standard small-gauge vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling, gas tamponade, and postoperative facedown positioning. Before vitrectomy and after ILM peeling, various quantitative OCT measures related to MH were obtained, including MH geometry alterations and outer retinal features. Trans-gas OCT was performed on postoperative day 1 to evaluate MH closure. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to identify predictors of early MH closure (i.e., postoperative day 1 [POD 1] closure). Results Thirty-two (86%) out of 37 eyes were confirmed for MH closure at POD 1. At 3 months, MH closure was achieved in 35 (95%) eyes. After multivariate logistic regression analyses, seven covariates were determined as predictors for MH closure. These seven covariates included age, ellipsoid zone-retinal pigment epithelium expansion following ILM peel, preincision minimal width, post-ILM peel MH depth, change in MH volume, change in minimum MH width, and change in MH depth. Using these seven covariates, the area under the curve was 0.974. Cross-validation analysis indicated that intraoperative change in MH volume, intraoperative change in minimal width, and preincision minimal width were the most robust predictors for early MH. Conclusions This study suggests that iOCT may be important in predicting MH closure speed and may be a surrogate for tissue properties/behavior. A future prospective clinical trial is needed to validate this model. Translational Relevance This study provides unique insights into the potential role of iOCT imaging in predicting retinal tissue behavior during MH repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justis P Ehlers
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Atsuro Uchida
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Sunil K Srivastava
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ming Hu
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Abstract
The present study is conducted on 300 PG-level college students in Haridwar, Uttarakhand (India). The aim of the present study is to examine the level of spiritual intelligence and mental health, to observe relationship between these two variables and also to identify the difference in spiritual intelligence and mental health across gender and educational background (arts and science). The purposive sampling technique is used to select 300 college students of both disciplines of arts and science from the four different government degree colleges/campuses in Haridwar. Integrated Spiritual Intelligence Scale and Mithila Mental Health Status Inventory are used to observe the level of these variables among college students. In the present study, correlational design is employed. All the statistical analyses are done with the help of computer software SPSS. To observe relationship Pearson correlation and to identify the difference t test are used. Findings of the study revealed that spiritual intelligence and mental health relate significantly among arts students, and male and female arts students separately have significant relationship between spiritual intelligence and mental health. Spiritual intelligence and mental health relate significantly among science students, and male and female science students separately have significant relationship between spiritual intelligence and mental health. No significant difference is found between male and female students in terms of spiritual intelligence. No significant difference is found between arts and science students in terms of spiritual intelligence. No significant difference is found between male and female students in terms of mental health. No significant difference is found between arts and science students in terms of mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Pant
- Department of Psychology, Gurukula Kangri University, Haridwar, U.K., India.
| | - S K Srivastava
- Department of Psychology, Gurukula Kangri University, Haridwar, U.K., India
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94
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Venkat AG, Baynes K, Lowder CY, Srivastava SK, Sharma S. A Case Report of Endogenous Endophthalmitis in the Setting of
Nocardia kroppenstedtii
Infection. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2019; 50:53-55. [DOI: 10.3928/23258160-20181212-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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95
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Mal P, Bera G, Turpu GR, Srivastava SK, Gangan A, Chakraborty B, Das B, Das P. Vibrational spectra of Pb2Bi2Te3, PbBi2Te4, and PbBi4Te7 topological insulators: temperature-dependent Raman and theoretical insights from DFT simulations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:15030-15039. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp01494b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Insertion of lead and lead telluride in Bi2Te3 leads to a change in the thermal conductivity, frequency shift, and the broadening of phonon modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanath Mal
- Department of Pure and Applied Physics
- Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya
- Bilaspur-495009
- India
| | - G. Bera
- Department of Pure and Applied Physics
- Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya
- Bilaspur-495009
- India
| | - G. R. Turpu
- Department of Pure and Applied Physics
- Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya
- Bilaspur-495009
- India
| | - Sunil K. Srivastava
- Department of Physics
- Mahatma Gandhi Central University
- East Champaran
- Bihar-845401
- India
| | - A. Gangan
- High Pressure and Synchrotron Radiation Physics Division
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
- Mumbai-40008
- India
| | - Brahmananda Chakraborty
- High Pressure and Synchrotron Radiation Physics Division
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
- Mumbai-40008
- India
| | - Bipul Das
- Department of Physics
- National Changhua University of Education
- Changhua 500
- Taiwan
| | - Pradip Das
- Department of Pure and Applied Physics
- Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya
- Bilaspur-495009
- India
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96
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Uchida A, Manjunath D, Singh RP, Rachitskaya AV, Kaiser PK, Srivastava SK, Reese JL, Ehlers JP. Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Eyes with Indeterminate Choroidal Neovascularization: Results from the AVATAR study. Ophthalmol Retina 2018; 2:1107-1117. [PMID: 30662973 PMCID: PMC6335035 DOI: 10.1016/j.oret.2018.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the use of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) to detect choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in eyes with indeterminate CNV features on conventional imaging. DESIGN The AVATAR study is a prospective observational study of OCTA in patients undergoing routine spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) for macular disease. PARTICIPANTS Subjects enrolled in the AVATAR study for which CNV was considered as part of a differential diagnosis based on clinical exam and/or prior imaging, but in whom the presence of CNV was not definitive on SD-OCT and fluorescein angiography (FA) imaging. INTERVENTIONS All patients were imaged with the Avanti RTVue XR HD (Optovue, Fremont, CA) and the Cirrus HD-OCT (Zeiss, Oberkochen, Germany) systems. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES OCTA scans were assessed for the presence or absence of CNV. SD-OCT scans were assessed for the presence of fluid, hyperreflective material, serous pigment epithelial detachment (PED), shallow irregular PED, vitreomacular adhesion, epiretinal membrane, retinal pigment epithelium atrophy and central subfield retinal thickness. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify features on SD-OCT associated with the presence of CNV on OCTA. RESULTS Twenty-nine eyes of 29 patients met the criteria for inclusion. A CNV lesion was detected on OCTA in 8 (28%) eyes; 21 (72%) eyes were negative for CNV. After adjusted for age, gender and central subfield retinal thickness, the presence of shallow irregular PED [odds ratio, 148; 95% confidence interval, 3.22-6830; p = 0.011], as well as the combinations of intraretinal fluid and sub-retinal pigment epithelium material [odds ratio, 16.8; 95% confidence interval, 1.43-198; p = 0.025] on SD-OCT were significantly associated with the presence of CNV on OCTA. CONCLUSIONS OCTA enabled the identification of CNV that was otherwise indeterminate with prior imaging in select eyes. The presence of a shallow irregular PED as well as intraretinal fluid combined with sub-retinal pigment epithelium material were both associated with the presence of CNV. OCTA may be a valuable adjunct to conventional SD-OCT and FA imaging in the detection and surveillance of CNV, particularly in diagnostic dilemmas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuro Uchida
- Ophthalmic Imaging Center, Cleveland Clinic, 2022 E 105 St, Cleveland, OH 44106
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 2022 E 105 St, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Deepa Manjunath
- Ophthalmic Imaging Center, Cleveland Clinic, 2022 E 105 St, Cleveland, OH 44106
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 2022 E 105 St, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Rishi P. Singh
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 2022 E 105 St, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | | | - Peter K. Kaiser
- Ophthalmic Imaging Center, Cleveland Clinic, 2022 E 105 St, Cleveland, OH 44106
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 2022 E 105 St, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Sunil K. Srivastava
- Ophthalmic Imaging Center, Cleveland Clinic, 2022 E 105 St, Cleveland, OH 44106
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 2022 E 105 St, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Jamie L. Reese
- Ophthalmic Imaging Center, Cleveland Clinic, 2022 E 105 St, Cleveland, OH 44106
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 2022 E 105 St, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Justis P. Ehlers
- Ophthalmic Imaging Center, Cleveland Clinic, 2022 E 105 St, Cleveland, OH 44106
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 2022 E 105 St, Cleveland, OH 44106
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97
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Abraham JR, Srivastava SK, Reese JL, Ehlers JP. Intraoperative OCT Features and Postoperative Ellipsoid Mapping in Primary Macula-Involving Retinal Detachments from the PIONEER Study. Ophthalmol Retina 2018; 3:252-257. [PMID: 31014703 DOI: 10.1016/j.oret.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Intraoperative OCT (iOCT) has enabled visualization of subtle structural details during surgical interventions, including retinal detachment repair. The purpose of this study was to evaluate iOCT findings during retinal detachment repair and to assess their impact on anatomic and functional outcomes, including outer retinal integrity. DESIGN The PIONEER Intraoperative and Perioperative OCT Study is a prospective cohort, institutional review board-approved study. PARTICIPANTS Participants in the PIONEER undergoing surgical repair for primary macula-involving retinal detachment. METHODS This was a post hoc analysis of all eyes in the PIONEER undergoing surgical repair with primary macula-involving retinal detachments. Inclusion criteria included iOCT after perfluorocarbon liquid (PFO) placement, visualization of the foveal center on iOCT, and images of sufficient quality for quantitative assessment of submacular fluid volume. Exclusion criteria included recurrent retinal detachment, proliferative vitreoretinopathy, and a lack of postoperative OCT data after gas bubble resolution. Subretinal fluid volume on iOCT imaging was quantified. Qualitative review of iOCT images was performed for visualization of outer retinal bands, fluid, and retinal corrugations. Postoperative OCT images were analyzed using an ellipsoid zone (EZ) mapping platform to evaluate and quantify outer retinal metrics. Postoperative OCT images also were reviewed qualitatively for persistent subretinal fluid. Associations between various anatomic and functional outcomes were assessed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Presence of intraoperative subretinal fluid under PFO tamponade, postoperative persistent subretinal fluid, postoperative visual acuity at 1 year, and EZ integrity at 1 year. RESULTS Fifteen eyes of 15 patients were analyzed. All 15 eyes (100%) showed subretinal fluid on iOCT. All eyes demonstrated spontaneous fluid resolution on follow-up OCT imaging. Increased intraoperative subretinal fluid volume under PFO tamponade trended toward significantly worse visual acuity outcome (P = 0.07). Postoperative quantitative EZ integrity at 12 months directly correlated with visual outcome (P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Intraoperative subretinal fluid persists under PFO tamponade with high frequency in eyes undergoing retinal detachment repair, but this fluid does not seem to be associated with persistent postoperative subretinal fluid. Postoperative EZ integrity is associated with visual acuity outcome, and intraoperative subretinal fluid volume under PFO tamponade also may be linked to visual outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph R Abraham
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Sunil K Srivastava
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jamie L Reese
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Justis P Ehlers
- The Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.
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98
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Heissigerová J, Callanan D, de Smet MD, Srivastava SK, Karkanová M, Garcia-Garcia O, Kadayifcilar S, Ozyazgan Y, Vitti R, Erickson K, Athanikar A, Chu K, Saroj N, Sundaram PA, Varona R, Corp-Dit-Genti V, Buggage R, Cheng Y, Soo Y, Nguyen QD. Efficacy and Safety of Sarilumab for the Treatment of Posterior Segment Noninfectious Uveitis (SARIL-NIU):: The Phase 2 SATURN Study. Ophthalmology 2018; 126:428-437. [PMID: 30316888 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2018.09.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess efficacy and safety of sarilumab, a human anti-interleukin-6 receptor antibody, for treatment of posterior segment noninfectious uveitis (NIU). DESIGN Randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled, phase 2 study. PARTICIPANTS Fifty-eight patients (eyes) with noninfectious intermediate, posterior, or panuveitis. METHODS Eyes received treatment every 2 weeks for 16 weeks with subcutaneous sarilumab 200 mg or placebo. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary end point was the proportion of patients with ≥2-step reduction in vitreous haze (VH) on the Miami scale or with a reduction of systemic corticosteroids (prednisolone or equivalent) to a dose of <10 mg/day at week 16. Primary end point was based on VH evaluation by a central reading center. Investigator evaluation of VH was a prespecified, planned secondary analysis. RESULTS At week 16, proportion of patients taking sarilumab or placebo with ≥2-step reduction in VH or corticosteroid dose <10 mg/day was 46.1% vs. 30.0% (P = 0.2354) based on central reading center assessment of VH and 64.0% vs. 35.0% (P = 0.0372) based on investigator assessment of VH, respectively. In the subgroup of eyes with VH grade ≥2 at baseline, the mean VH reduction from baseline to week 16 was significantly greater with sarilumab vs. placebo regardless of assessment by the central reading center (-2.1 [n = 11] vs. -1.7 [n = 3], respectively; P = 0.0255) or investigator (-2.5 [n = 19] vs. -1.2 [n = 11], respectively; P = 0.0170). The mean best-corrected visual acuity gain from baseline to week 16 was greater with sarilumab vs. placebo in the overall population (8.9 vs. 3.6 letters, respectively; P = 0.0333) and in the subgroup of eyes with central subfield thickness (CST) ≥300 μm at baseline (12.2 [n = 13] vs. 2.1 [n = 7] letters, respectively; P = 0.0517). Corresponding changes in CST were -46.8 vs. +2.6 μm (P = 0.0683) in the overall population and -112.5 [n = 13] vs. -1.8 [n = 6] μm (P = 0.1317) in the subgroup of eyes with CST ≥300 μm at baseline, respectively. The most common ocular adverse events were worsening of uveitis (0 [placebo] and 3 [sarilumab] patients) and retinal infiltrates (1 [placebo] and 2 [sarilumab] patients). CONCLUSIONS Subcutaneous sarilumab may provide clinical benefits in the management of NIU of the posterior segment, especially in eyes with uveitic macular edema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarmila Heissigerová
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Marc D de Smet
- Microinvasive Ocular Surgery Retina and Inflammation, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Michala Karkanová
- Department of Ophthalmology, The University Hospital Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Olga Garcia-Garcia
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Bellvitge Barcelona University, Spain
| | | | - Yilmaz Ozyazgan
- İstanbul University Cerrahpaşa Medical School, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Robert Vitti
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York
| | | | | | - Karen Chu
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York
| | - Namrata Saroj
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yuhwen Soo
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York
| | - Quan Dong Nguyen
- Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California.
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99
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Arepalli S, Srivastava SK, Hu M, Kaiser PM, Dukles N, Reese JL, Ehlers JP. Assessment of inner and outer retinal layer metrics on the Cirrus HD-OCT Platform in normal eyes. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0203324. [PMID: 30286099 PMCID: PMC6171834 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Ellipsoid zone (EZ) and outer retinal integrity are strongly linked to visual prognosis, but quantitative normative data is lacking. This study evaluates the EZ, outer retina, and inner retina in eyes without macular disease across a wide age spectrum. Methods An IRB-approved study was performed for eyes without macular pathology undergoing Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT) scans on the Cirrus HD-OCT system (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Oberkochen, Germany). Scans were analyzed using a previously described automated EZ mapping tool with line-by-line manual verification. Segmentation included internal limiting membrane (ILM), outer nuclear layer/Henle fiber layer complex (ONL/HFL), EZ, and the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). The output included metrics for the inner retina (ILM-OPL/HFL), outer retina (ONL/HFL-RPE), EZ-RPE area and volume, and en face EZ mapping. EZ-RPE attenuation on en face mapping was defined as EZ-RPE thickness < 20 um, and total attenuation was 0 um. Imaging parameters were assessed for the group and compared to age, sex, visual acuity and spherical equivalent. Results 167 eyes from 167 subjects were included. Mean age was 49.7 years (range 10–84 years). The mean foveal retinal thickness was 200.58 ± 19.22 um. Mean inner retinal thickness was 21.47 ± 13.60 um. Mean outer retinal thickness was 179.11 ± 18.52 um. Mean EZ-RPE thickness was 50.58 ± 6.01um. The mean EZ-RPE volume was 1.20 ± 0.10 mm3. Mean EZ attenuation percentage per macular map area was 0.87% ± 1.13% and mean percentage total attenuation was 0.12% ± 0.14%. Total and inner retinal thickness metrics decreased with age. Mean outer retinal thickness increased with age. EZ-RPE parameters were unchanged with age. However, EZ attenuation was negatively correlated with age. Conclusion This study provides important information for inner and outer retinal parameters. Future research on quantitative EZ integrity can utilize this data for comparison.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sruthi Arepalli
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America
| | - Sunil K. Srivastava
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America
- Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland OH, United States of America
| | - Ming Hu
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America
- Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland OH, United States of America
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland OH, United States of America
| | - Peter M. Kaiser
- Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland OH, United States of America
| | - Neeley Dukles
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America
- Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland OH, United States of America
| | - Jamie L. Reese
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America
- Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland OH, United States of America
| | - Justis P. Ehlers
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America
- Tony and Leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland OH, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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100
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Ganapathy PS, Lowder CY, Arepalli S, Baynes K, Li M, Bena J, Srivastava SK. Treatment Duration and Side Effect Profile of Long-Term Use of Intravitreal Preservative-Free Triamcinolone Acetonide in Uveitis. Am J Ophthalmol 2018; 194:63-71. [PMID: 30053470 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Noninfectious uveitis has been treated historically with corticosteroid therapy in varying doses and routes. Triesence, a preservative-free sterile formulation of triamcinolone acetonide, has been used in a wide spectrum of ocular pathologies, but there have been few large studies validating its dosing or detailing long-term side effects in uveitic disease. The primary aim of this study was to describe the relative duration of action and side effects of 2 doses of preservative-free intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide (PF-IVTA) in uveitis. DESIGN Retrospective, comparative consecutive case series. METHODS Charts of all patients receiving PF-IVTA (2 mg or 4 mg) in a defined time period (2012-2014) at the Cole Eye Institute were examined for patient demographics, time to treatment failure (TTF), use of systemic immunosuppression, use of intraocular pressure-lowering therapies, date of cataract surgery and glaucoma filtration surgery, and adverse events. RESULTS The final data set examined 514 injections in 214 eyes. Mean duration of follow-up was 1.5 years. There was similar demographic distribution between eyes that received 2 mg PF-IVTA only and eyes that received a combination of 4 + 2 mg PF-IVTA. No statistically significant difference in TTF between injection dosages was observed. There was a higher incidence of glaucoma filtering surgery and cataract surgery in eyes that received 4 + 2 mg PF-IVTA as well as a shorter time to glaucoma surgery, when compared to eyes that received 2 mg PF-IVTA alone. CONCLUSIONS This retrospective study supports that 2 mg PF-IVTA displayed noninferior treatment duration to 4 mg PF-IVTA, and may carry a significantly lower side-effect profile of cataract development and glaucoma filtering surgery.
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