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Gong X, Wang B, Yan L, Lu X, Zhao X. Linalool inhibits the growth of human T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells with involvement of the MAPK signaling pathway. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:181. [PMID: 32934748 PMCID: PMC7471647 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Linalool can inhibit the malignant proliferation of numerous human malignant solid tumors, including hepatocellular carcinoma, breast cancer, small cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma. However, the role of linalool in T cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (T-ALL) remains unclear. In the present study, human T-ALL cell lines (Jurkat, H9, Molt-4 and Raji cells) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy donors were treated with various concentrations of linalool (3.75, 7.50, 15.00, 30.00, 60.00 and 120.00 µM, respectively). A CCK-8 assay was used to analyse cell viability and it demonstrated that linalool inhibited the growth of T-ALL cells in a dose-dependent manner, but did not significantly affect normal PBMCs. Flow cytometry was used to detect the cell cycle and apoptosis and demonstrated that linalool reduced the percentage of T-ALL cells at the G0/G1 phase, and induced the apoptosis of T-ALL cells. RNA sequencing was conducted on an Illumina HiSeq X Series 2500 before and after treatment with linalool followed by Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis. It was demonstrated that the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway was involved in the effect of linalool on T-ALL cells. Real-time quantitative PCR and western blotting were performed to verify the mRNA and protein levels, respectively of the genes in the signaling pathway identified. In addition, it was found that linalool significantly inhibited phosphorylated (p)-ERK1/2 protein expression and enhanced p-JNK protein expression of T-ALL cells. In conclusion, the present study revealed that linalool inhibits T-ALL cell survival with involvement of the MAPK signaling pathway. JNK activation and ERK inhibition may play a functional role in apoptosis induction of T-ALL cells. Linalool may be developed as a novel anti T-ALL agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xubo Gong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zheijang 310000, P.R. China
| | - Baiyong Wang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zheijang 310000, P.R. China
| | - Lijuan Yan
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zheijang 310000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoya Lu
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zheijang 310000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoying Zhao
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zheijang 310000, P.R. China
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Patel P, Naik UP. Platelet MAPKs-a 20+ year history: What do we really know? J Thromb Haemost 2020; 18:2087-2102. [PMID: 32574399 DOI: 10.1111/jth.14967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The existence of mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in platelets has been known for more than 20 years. Since that time hundreds of reports have been published describing the conditions that cause MAPK activation in platelets and their role in regulating diverse platelet functions from the molecular to physiological level. However, this cacophony of reports, with inconsistent and sometimes contradictory findings, has muddied the waters leading to great confusion. Since the last review of platelet MAPKs was published more than a decade ago, there have been more than 50 reports, including the description of novel knockout mouse models, that have furthered our knowledge. Therefore, we undertook an extensive literature review to delineate what is known about platelet MAPKs. We specifically discuss what is currently known about how MAPKs are activated and what signaling cascades they regulate in platelets incorporating recent findings from knockout mouse models. In addition, we will discuss the role each MAPK plays in regulating distinct platelet functions. In doing so, we hope to clarify the role for MAPKs and identify knowledge gaps in this field that await future researchers. In addition, we discuss the limitations of current studies with a particular focus on the off-target effects of commonly used MAPK inhibitors. We conclude with a look at the clinical utility of MAPK inhibitors as potential antithrombotic therapies with an analysis of current clinical trial data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravin Patel
- Department of Medicine, Cardeza Center for Hemostasis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ulhas P Naik
- Department of Medicine, Cardeza Center for Hemostasis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Samakovli D, Tichá T, Šamaj J. HSP90 chaperones regulate stomatal differentiation under normal and heat stress conditions. Plant Signal Behav 2020; 15:1789817. [PMID: 32669038 PMCID: PMC8550182 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2020.1789817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Stomatal development is tightly connected with the overall plant growth, while changes in environmental conditions, like elevated temperature, affect negatively stomatal formation. Stomatal ontogenesis follows a well-defined series of cell developmental transitions in the cotyledon and leaf epidermis that finally lead to the production of mature stomata. YODA signaling cascade regulates stomatal development mainly through the phosphorylation and inactivation of SPEECHLESS (SPCH) transcription factor, while HSP90 chaperones have a central role in the regulation of YODA cascade. Here, we report that acute heat stress affects negatively stomatal differentiation, leads to high phosphorylation levels of MPK3 and MPK6, and alters the expression of SPCH and MUTE transcription factors. Genetic depletion of HSP90 leads to decreased stomatal differentiation rates. Thus, HSP90 chaperones safeguard the completion of distinct stomatal differentiation steps depending on these two transcription factors under normal and heat stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Despina Samakovli
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Tichá
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jozef Šamaj
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Li P, Lan P, Liu S, Wang Y, Liu P. Cell Polarity Protein Pals1-Associated Tight Junction Expression Is a Favorable Prognostic Marker in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Front Genet 2020; 11:931. [PMID: 33005169 PMCID: PMC7484473 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The Pals1-associated tight junction (PATJ) is a Crumbs (CRB) complex component that regulates epithelial cell apico-basal polarity and directional migration. This study assessed PATJ expression in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) vs. normal tissues and associated with ccRCC progression and prognosis. Methods: The effects of PATJ knockdown were investigated on regulation of normal kidney epithelial cell viability and protein expression in vitro. The PATJ mRNA data in ccRCC were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases and analyzed with UALCAN, LinkedOmics, Kaplan-Meier Plotter, GEPIA, and SurvExpress tools. Immunohistochemistry was performed for PATJ in tissue microarray sections (n = 150 ccRCC and 30 normal renal specimens). Normal human kidney tubular epithelial cell (HKC) cells were transfected with PATJ and negative control siRNA for cell viability CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry, and western blots. Results: The data showed that PATJ mRNA and protein were downregulated in ccRCC tissues and cell lines. Downregulation of PATJ mRNA was associated with male patients, advanced tumor stages, grades, and ccB subtypes as well as poorer overall and disease-free survival of patients. Furthermore, PATJ protein was also significantly downregulated in ccRCC tissues and associated with advanced tumor pathologic, TNM stages and poorer overall. In vitro, knockdown of PATJ expression promoted HKC proliferation and the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) pathway proteins. Conclusions: This study revealed that a decrease of PATJ in ccRCC, which was associated with male patients, advanced tumor, and poorer survival, suggesting that PATJ may be a useful prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Li
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- The Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ping Lan
- Department of Nephrology, Kidney Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Sheng Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yaochun Wang
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- The Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Peijun Liu
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- The Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Rimal A, Kamdar ZP, Tio CW, Winter E. Isc10, an Inhibitor That Links the Anaphase-Promoting Complex to a Meiosis-Specific Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase. Mol Cell Biol 2020; 40:e00097-20. [PMID: 32423992 DOI: 10.1128/MCB.00097-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Smk1 is a meiosis-specific mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in yeast that controls spore differentiation. It is activated by a MAPK binding protein, Ssp2, upon completion of the meiotic divisions. The activation of Smk1 by Ssp2 is positively regulated by a meiosis-specific coactivator of the anaphase promoting complex (APC/C) E3 ubiquitin ligase, Ama1. Here, we identify Isc10 as an inhibitor that links APC/CAma1 to Smk1 activation. Isc10 and Smk1 form an inhibited complex during meiosis I (MI). Ssp2 is produced later in the program, and it forms a ternary complex with Isc10 and Smk1 during MII that is poised for activation. Upon completion of MII, Isc10 is ubiquitylated and degraded in an AMA1-dependent manner, thereby triggering the activation of Smk1 by Ssp2. Mutations that caused Ssp2 to be produced before MII, or isc10Δ mutations, modestly reduced the efficiency of spore differentiation whereas spores were nearly absent in the double mutant. These findings define a pathway that couples spore differentiation to the G0-like phase of the cell cycle.
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Im AR, Ji KY, Nam KW, Chae S. Protective effects of Sosihotang extract against ultraviolet B-induced skin photoageing in hairless mice. J Pharm Pharmacol 2020; 72:1278-1286. [PMID: 32618003 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.13313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Sosihotang (SSH) is an herbal medicine traditionally used against the common cold, and hepatic and gastric diseases, in Northeast Asia. In this study, we investigated whether SSH extract can protect against UVB-induced skin damage and photoageing. METHODS HaCaT cells were treated with SSH extract and exposed UVB irradiation at 20 mJ/cm2 . Hairless mice were orally administered SSH extract (100 mg/kg per mouse) as UVB irradiation was increased from 60 to 120 mJ/cm2 over the course of 12 weeks. KEY FINDINGS Treatment with SSH extract inhibited the upregulation of MMP-1 and MMP-9 expression in UVB-irradiated HaCaT cells. In UVB-irradiated hairless mice, treatment with SSH extract restored the levels of factors instrumental in skin hydration (TEWL, capacitance, HA and TGF-β) and those regulating collagen content (procollagen, MMP-1 and MMP-9). This activity inhibited epidermal thickening and disorganization of collagen fibres. Administration of SSH extract also ameliorated the expression of UVB-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6) and phosphorylation of MAPK family members (MEK, JNK, ERK and p38) by upregulating the activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, Nrf-2, HO-1 and NQO-1). CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that SSH extract can be used therapeutically for the treatment of UVB-induced skin damage and photoageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- A-Rang Im
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Kon-Young Ji
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Kung-Woo Nam
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, Korea
| | - Sungwook Chae
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Korea.,University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
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Lee BW, Ha JH, Shin HG, Jeong SH, Kim JH, Lee J, Park JY, Kwon HJ, Jung K, Lee WS, Ryu YB, Jeong JH, Lee IC. Lindera obtusiloba Attenuates Oxidative Stress and Airway Inflammation in a Murine Model of Ovalbumin-Challenged Asthma. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9070563. [PMID: 32605045 PMCID: PMC7402094 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9070563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lindera obtusiloba is widespread in northeast Asia and used for treatment of improvement of blood circulation and anti-inflammation. In this study, we investigated anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects of the methanolic extract of L. obtusiloba leaves (LOL) in an ovalbumin (OVA)-challenged allergic asthma model and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-stimulated NCI-H292 cell. Female BALB/c mice were sensitized with OVA by intraperitoneal injection on days 0 and 14, and airway-challenged with OVA from days 21 to 23. Mice were administered 50 and 100 mg/kg of LOL by oral gavage 1 h before the challenge. LOL treatment effectively decreased airway hyper-responsiveness and inhibited inflammatory cell recruitment, Th2 cytokines, mucin 5AC (MUC5AC) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in OVA-challenged mice, which were accompanied by marked suppression of airway inflammation and mucus production in the lung tissue. LOL pretreatment inhibited the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) with suppression of activator protein (AP)-1 and MUC5AC in the lung tissue. LOL also down-regulated expression of inflammatory cytokines, and inhibited the activation of NF-κB in TNF-α-stimulated NCI-H292 cells. LOL elevated the translocation of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf-2) into nucleus concurrent with increase of heme oxyngenase-1 (HO-1) and NAD(P)H quinine oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1). Moreover, LOL treatment exhibited a marked increase in the anti-oxidant enzymes activities, whereas effectively suppressed the production of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide, as well as lipid peroxidation in lung tissue of OVA-challenged mice and TNF-α-stimulated NCI-H292 cells. These findings suggest that LOL might serve as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ba-Wool Lee
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do 56212, Korea; (B.-W.L.); (J.-H.H.); (H.-G.S.); (S.-H.J.); (J.-H.K.); (J.L.); (J.-Y.P.); (H.-J.K.); (K.J.); (W.-S.L.); (Y.-B.R.)
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Ji-Hye Ha
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do 56212, Korea; (B.-W.L.); (J.-H.H.); (H.-G.S.); (S.-H.J.); (J.-H.K.); (J.L.); (J.-Y.P.); (H.-J.K.); (K.J.); (W.-S.L.); (Y.-B.R.)
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Han-Gyo Shin
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do 56212, Korea; (B.-W.L.); (J.-H.H.); (H.-G.S.); (S.-H.J.); (J.-H.K.); (J.L.); (J.-Y.P.); (H.-J.K.); (K.J.); (W.-S.L.); (Y.-B.R.)
| | - Seong-Hun Jeong
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do 56212, Korea; (B.-W.L.); (J.-H.H.); (H.-G.S.); (S.-H.J.); (J.-H.K.); (J.L.); (J.-Y.P.); (H.-J.K.); (K.J.); (W.-S.L.); (Y.-B.R.)
| | - Ju-Hong Kim
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do 56212, Korea; (B.-W.L.); (J.-H.H.); (H.-G.S.); (S.-H.J.); (J.-H.K.); (J.L.); (J.-Y.P.); (H.-J.K.); (K.J.); (W.-S.L.); (Y.-B.R.)
| | - Jihye Lee
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do 56212, Korea; (B.-W.L.); (J.-H.H.); (H.-G.S.); (S.-H.J.); (J.-H.K.); (J.L.); (J.-Y.P.); (H.-J.K.); (K.J.); (W.-S.L.); (Y.-B.R.)
| | - Ji-Young Park
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do 56212, Korea; (B.-W.L.); (J.-H.H.); (H.-G.S.); (S.-H.J.); (J.-H.K.); (J.L.); (J.-Y.P.); (H.-J.K.); (K.J.); (W.-S.L.); (Y.-B.R.)
| | - Hyung-Jun Kwon
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do 56212, Korea; (B.-W.L.); (J.-H.H.); (H.-G.S.); (S.-H.J.); (J.-H.K.); (J.L.); (J.-Y.P.); (H.-J.K.); (K.J.); (W.-S.L.); (Y.-B.R.)
| | - Kyungsook Jung
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do 56212, Korea; (B.-W.L.); (J.-H.H.); (H.-G.S.); (S.-H.J.); (J.-H.K.); (J.L.); (J.-Y.P.); (H.-J.K.); (K.J.); (W.-S.L.); (Y.-B.R.)
| | - Woo-Song Lee
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do 56212, Korea; (B.-W.L.); (J.-H.H.); (H.-G.S.); (S.-H.J.); (J.-H.K.); (J.L.); (J.-Y.P.); (H.-J.K.); (K.J.); (W.-S.L.); (Y.-B.R.)
| | - Young-Bae Ryu
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do 56212, Korea; (B.-W.L.); (J.-H.H.); (H.-G.S.); (S.-H.J.); (J.-H.K.); (J.L.); (J.-Y.P.); (H.-J.K.); (K.J.); (W.-S.L.); (Y.-B.R.)
| | - Jae-Ho Jeong
- Department of Microbiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61186, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.-H.J.); (I.-C.L.); Tel.: +82-61-379-2747 (J.-H.J.); +82-63-570-5241 (I.-C.L.); Fax: +82-62-232-9708 (J.-H.J.); +82-63-570-5239 (I.-C.L.)
| | - In-Chul Lee
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do 56212, Korea; (B.-W.L.); (J.-H.H.); (H.-G.S.); (S.-H.J.); (J.-H.K.); (J.L.); (J.-Y.P.); (H.-J.K.); (K.J.); (W.-S.L.); (Y.-B.R.)
- Correspondence: (J.-H.J.); (I.-C.L.); Tel.: +82-61-379-2747 (J.-H.J.); +82-63-570-5241 (I.-C.L.); Fax: +82-62-232-9708 (J.-H.J.); +82-63-570-5239 (I.-C.L.)
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Do MH, Lee JH, Ahn J, Hong MJ, Kim J, Kim SY. Isosamidin from Peucedanum japonicum Roots Prevents Methylglyoxal-Induced Glucotoxicity in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells via Suppression of ROS-Mediated Bax/Bcl-2. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9060531. [PMID: 32560521 PMCID: PMC7346203 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9060531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MGO) is a highly reactive metabolite of glucose. Elevated levels of MGO induce the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cause cell death in endothelial cells. Vascular endothelial cell damage by ROS has been implicated in the progression of diabetic vascular complications, cardiovascular diseases, and atherosclerosis. In this study, the protective effect of isosamidin, isolated from Peucedanum japonicum roots, on MGO-induced apoptosis was investigated using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Among the 20 compounds isolated from P. japonicum, isosamidin showed the highest effectiveness in inhibiting MGO-induced apoptosis of HUVECs. Pretreatment of HUVECs with isosamidin significantly prevented the generation of ROS and cell death induced by MGO. Isosamidin prevented MGO-induced apoptosis in HUVECs by downregulating the expression of Bax and upregulating the expression of Bcl-2. MGO treatment activated mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), such as p38, c-Jun N terminal kinase (JNK), and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). In contrast, pretreatment with isosamidin strongly inhibited the activation of p38 and JNK. Furthermore, isosamidin caused the breakdown of the crosslinks of the MGO-derived advanced glycation end products (AGEs). These findings suggest that isosamidin from P. japonicum may be used as a preventive agent against MGO-mediated endothelial dysfunction in diabetes. However, further study of the therapeutic potential of isosamidin on endothelial dysfunction needs to explored in vivo models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon Ho Do
- Korea Food Research Institute, 245, Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Korea;
| | - Jae Hyuk Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, #191, Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Korea;
| | - Jongmin Ahn
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea; (J.A.); (M.J.H.); (J.K.)
| | - Min Jee Hong
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea; (J.A.); (M.J.H.); (J.K.)
| | - Jinwoong Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea; (J.A.); (M.J.H.); (J.K.)
| | - Sun Yeou Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, #191, Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Korea;
- Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Gachon University; #191, Hambakmoe-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Korea
- Gachon Medical Research Institute, Gil Medical Center, Inchon 21565, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-32-820-4931; Fax: +82-32-820-4829
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Lu S, Duan M, Guo Z, Zhou Y, Wu D, Zhang X, Wang Y, Ye C, Ju R, Li J, Zhang D, Zhu L. Carboxyamidotriazole exerts anti-inflammatory activity in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7 macrophages by inhibiting NF-κB and MAPKs pathways. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:1455-1466. [PMID: 32742379 PMCID: PMC7388320 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Carboxyamidotriazole (CAI), originally developed as a non-cytotoxic anti-cancer drug, was shown to have anti-inflammatory activity according to recent studies in a number of animal models of inflammation. However, its mechanism of action has not been characterized. Therefore, the present study was performed to identify the anti-inflammatory action of CAI in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages and to identify the signal transduction pathways involved. The in vitro results revealed that CAI had no direct effect on the activity of cyclooxygenase (COX), suggesting a different anti-inflammatory mechanism compared with that of COX-inhibiting non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Further investigation in RAW264.7 macrophages revealed that CAI decreased the production of nitric oxide via decreasing the LPS-stimulated expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, and downregulated both mRNA and protein expression levels of the cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6. CAI also significantly reduced the increased DNA-binding activity of nuclear factor (NF)-κB induced by LPS stimulation. With respect to the mechanisms involved on NF-κB activity, CAI exhibited suppression of the phosphorylation and degradation of the inhibitor of nuclear factor-κBα (IκB), and decreased the phosphorylation levels of the p65 subunit and its subsequent nuclear translocation. In addition, CAI significantly decreased the phosphorylated forms of p38, JNK and ERK, which were increased following LPS stimulation, while the total expression levels of p38, JNK and ERK remained unaltered. The results in the present study indicate that CAI alleviates the inflammatory responses of RAW 264.7 macrophages in response to LPS stimulation via attenuating the activation of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways and decreasing the levels of pro-inflammatory mediators. This offers a novel perspective for understanding the anti-inflammatory mechanism of CAI and suggests its potential use as a therapeutic treatment in inflammatory diseases with excessive macrophage activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, P.R. China
| | - Mengyuan Duan
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, P.R. China
| | - Zehao Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, P.R. China
| | - Yongting Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, P.R. China
| | - Danwei Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing 100035, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, P.R. China
| | - Yicheng Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, P.R. China
| | - Caiying Ye
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, P.R. China
| | - Rui Ju
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, P.R. China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, P.R. China
| | - Dechang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, P.R. China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, P.R. China
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60
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WANG Y, WANG Z. [Research progress on intrinsic signaling pathways in axon regeneration]. Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2020; 49:82-89. [PMID: 32621408 PMCID: PMC8800775 DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9292.2020.02.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The intrinsic regrowth ability of injured neurons is essential for axon regeneration and functional recovery. Recently, numerous intrinsic pathways that regulate axon regeneration have been discovered, among which the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) pathway are arguably the best characterized examples. MAPK signaling pathway is involved in multiple processes including sensing injury signals, initiating and promoting axonal regrowth through regulating cytoskeleton dynamics and protein synthesis. The PI3K/Akt signaling pathway regulates axon regeneration mainly through gene transcription and translation. Combinatory manipulation of multiple regeneration-promoting signals can further improve the extend of axonal regrowth. This paper summarizes current progresses on axon regeneration studies in various organisms and discuss their potentials in promoting functional recovery in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhiping WANG
- 王志萍(1980—),女,博士,研究员,博士生导师,主要从事神经发育和神经再生研究;E-mail:
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8944-9557
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61
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Wilson KS, Buist H, Suveizdyte K, Liles JT, Budas GR, Hughes C, MacLean MR, Johnson M, Church AC, Peacock AJ, Welsh DJ. Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 inhibition in in vivo and in vitro models of pulmonary hypertension. Pulm Circ 2020; 10:2045894020922810. [PMID: 32523684 PMCID: PMC7235684 DOI: 10.1177/2045894020922810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension, group 1 of the pulmonary hypertension disease family, involves pulmonary vascular remodelling, right ventricular dysfunction and cardiac failure. Oxidative stress, through activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases is implicated in these changes. Inhibition of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1, an apical mitogen-activated protein kinase, prevented pulmonary arterial hypertension developing in rodent models. Here, we investigate apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 in pulmonary arterial hypertension by examining the impact that its inhibition has on the molecular and cellular signalling in established disease. Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 inhibition was investigated in in vivo pulmonary arterial hypertension and in vitro pulmonary hypertension models. In the in vivo model, male Sprague Dawley rats received a single subcutaneous injection of Sugen SU5416 (20 mg/kg) prior to two weeks of hypobaric hypoxia (380 mmHg) followed by three weeks normoxia (Sugen/hypoxic), then animals were either maintained for three weeks on control chow or one containing apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 inhibitor (100 mg/kg/day). Cardiovascular measurements were carried out. In the in vitro model, primary cultures of rat pulmonary artery fibroblasts and rat pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells were maintained in hypoxia (5% O2) and investigated for proliferation, migration and molecular signalling in the presence or absence of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 inhibitor. Sugen/hypoxic animals displayed significant pulmonary arterial hypertension compared to normoxic controls at eight weeks. Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 inhibitor decreased right ventricular systolic pressure to control levels and reduced muscularised vessels in lung tissue. Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 inhibition was found to prevent hypoxia-induced proliferation, migration and cytokine release in rat pulmonary artery fibroblasts and also prevented rat pulmonary artery fibroblast-induced rat pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation. Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 inhibition reversed pulmonary arterial hypertension in the Sugen/hypoxic rat model. These effects may be a result of intrinsic changes in the signalling of adventitial fibroblast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn S Wilson
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Hanna Buist
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Kornelija Suveizdyte
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | | | - Colin Hughes
- Central Research Facility, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Margaret R MacLean
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Martin Johnson
- Scottish Pulmonary Vascular Unit, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Clydebank, UK
| | - Alistair C Church
- Scottish Pulmonary Vascular Unit, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Clydebank, UK
| | - Andrew J Peacock
- Scottish Pulmonary Vascular Unit, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Clydebank, UK
| | - David J Welsh
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.,Department of Biological and Biomedical Science, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
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62
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Zhang M, Wang C, Chen H, Wang M, Tang X. Effects of peroxiredoxin 1 on nicotine induced apoptosis in mouse tongue. Biotech Histochem 2020; 95:626-633. [PMID: 32362142 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2020.1749304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Local action of nicotine on oral mucosa contributes to the pathogenesis of precancerous and cancerous lesions. Nicotine participation in the mechanism of apoptosis in normal mucosa has not been established. Peroxiredoxin 1 (Prx1) is a cellular antioxidant that participates in regulating apoptosis. We investigated expression of Prx1 and proteins in apoptosis-related downstream signaling by mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in nicotine-treated tongue tissues of wild-type and Prx1 knockout (Prx1±) mice; we also investigated these processes in mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells in vitro. Nicotine increased the expression of Prx1 mRNA in tongue tissues in vivo. The rate of apoptosis was similar among the nicotine-treated mice, nicotine-treated + Prx1± mice and untreated controls. The expression of p-JNK was greater in Prx1± mice compared to control mice. In MEF cells, nicotine increased the expression of Prx1 and inhibited apoptosis and expression of p-p38 and p-JNK. Prx1 knockdown animals exhibited increased apoptotic rate and expression of p-p38 and p-JNK in MEFs. Nicotine-regulated apoptosis might occur via a Prx1-dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Dental Research, Beijing Stomatological Hospital and School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University , Beijing, China
| | | | - Hui Chen
- Beijing Institute of Dental Research, Beijing Stomatological Hospital and School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University , Beijing, China
| | - Min Wang
- Beijing Institute of Dental Research, Beijing Stomatological Hospital and School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University , Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofei Tang
- Beijing Institute of Dental Research, Beijing Stomatological Hospital and School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University , Beijing, China
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63
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Rahman SMT, Zhou W, Deiters A, Haugh JM. Optical control of MAP kinase kinase 6 (MKK6) reveals that it has divergent roles in pro-apoptotic and anti-proliferative signaling. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:8494-8504. [PMID: 32371393 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.012079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The selective pressure imposed by extrinsic death signals and stressors adds to the challenge of isolating and interpreting the roles of proteins in stress-activated signaling networks. By expressing a kinase with activating mutations and a caged lysine blocking the active site, we can rapidly switch on catalytic activity with light and monitor the ensuing dynamics. Applying this approach to MAP kinase 6 (MKK6), which activates the p38 subfamily of MAPKs, we found that decaging active MKK6 in fibroblasts is sufficient to trigger apoptosis in a p38-dependent manner. Both in fibroblasts and in a murine melanoma cell line expressing mutant B-Raf, MKK6 activation rapidly and potently inhibited the pro-proliferative extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway; to our surprise, this negative cross-regulation was equally robust when all p38 isoforms were inhibited. These results position MKK6 as a new pleiotropic signal transducer that promotes both pro-apoptotic and anti-proliferative signaling, and they highlight the utility of caged, light-activated kinases for dissecting stress-activated signaling networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shah Md Toufiqur Rahman
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Wenyuan Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alexander Deiters
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jason M Haugh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
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64
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Ha Y, Lee WH, Jeong J, Park M, Ko JY, Kwon OW, Lee J, Kim YJ. Pyropia yezoensis Extract Suppresses IFN-Gamma- and TNF-Alpha-Induced Proinflammatory Chemokine Production in HaCaT Cells via the Down-Regulation of NF-κB. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12051238. [PMID: 32349358 PMCID: PMC7285056 DOI: 10.3390/nu12051238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyropia yezoensis, a red alga, is popular and harvested a lot in East Asia and is famous for its medicinal properties attributable to its bioactive compounds including amino acids (porphyra-334 and shinorine, etc.), polysaccharides, phytosterols, and pigments, but its anti-inflammatory effect and mechanism of anti-atopic dermatitis (AD) have not been elucidated. In this study, we investigate the anti-AD effect of P. yezoensis extract (PYE) on mRNA and protein levels of the pro-inflammatory chemokines, thymus, and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC/CCL17) and macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC/CCL22), in human HaCaT keratinocyte cells treated to interferon (IFN)-γ or tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α (10 ng/mL each). The effect of the PYE on extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and other mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) was related to its suppression of TARC and MDC production by blocking NF-κB activation in HaCaT cells. Furthermore, astaxanthin and xanthophyll from P. yezoensis were identified as anti-AD candidate compounds. These results suggest that the PYE may improve AD and contained two carotenoids by regulating pro-inflammatory chemokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuna Ha
- Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Korea; (Y.H.); (W.-H.L.); (J.J.); (M.P.); (J.-Y.K.); (O.W.K.)
- Department of Cosmetic Science and Management, Graduate School, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Korea
| | - Won-Hwi Lee
- Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Korea; (Y.H.); (W.-H.L.); (J.J.); (M.P.); (J.-Y.K.); (O.W.K.)
- Department of Marine Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Korea
| | - JaeWoo Jeong
- Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Korea; (Y.H.); (W.-H.L.); (J.J.); (M.P.); (J.-Y.K.); (O.W.K.)
- Department of Cosmetic Science and Management, Graduate School, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Korea
| | - Mira Park
- Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Korea; (Y.H.); (W.-H.L.); (J.J.); (M.P.); (J.-Y.K.); (O.W.K.)
| | - Ju-Young Ko
- Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Korea; (Y.H.); (W.-H.L.); (J.J.); (M.P.); (J.-Y.K.); (O.W.K.)
| | - Oh Wook Kwon
- Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Korea; (Y.H.); (W.-H.L.); (J.J.); (M.P.); (J.-Y.K.); (O.W.K.)
| | - Jongsung Lee
- Department of Genetic Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon City 164-19, Gyunggi Do, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.L); (Y.-J.K.); Tel.: +82-32-835-8861 (Y.-J.K.)
| | - Youn-Jung Kim
- Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Korea; (Y.H.); (W.-H.L.); (J.J.); (M.P.); (J.-Y.K.); (O.W.K.)
- Department of Cosmetic Science and Management, Graduate School, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Korea
- Department of Marine Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.L); (Y.-J.K.); Tel.: +82-32-835-8861 (Y.-J.K.)
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Yang J, Yu X, Zhang Z, Xu R, Wu F, Wang T, Liu Y, Ouyang J, Deng F. Surface modification of titanium manufactured through selective laser melting inhibited osteoclast differentiation through mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. J Biomater Appl 2020; 35:169-181. [PMID: 32340522 DOI: 10.1177/0885328220920457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Selective laser melting used in manufacturing custom-made titanium implants becomes more popular. In view of the important role played by osteoclasts in peri-implant bone resorption and osseointegration, we modified selective laser melting-manufactured titanium surfaces using sandblasting/alkali-heating and sandblasting/acid-etching, and investigated their effect on osteoclast differentiation as well as their underlying mechanisms. The properties of the surfaces, including elements, roughness, wettability and topography, were analyzed. We evaluated the proliferation and morphology of primary mouse bone marrow-derived monocytes, as well as induced osteoclasts derived from bone marrow-derived monocytes, on samples. Then, osteoclast differentiation was determined by the tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity assay, calcitonin receptors immunofluorescence staining and the expression of osteoclast-related genes. The results showed that sandblasting/alkali-heating established nanonet structure with the lowest water contact angle, and both sandblasting/alkali-heating and sandblasting/acid-etching significantly decreased surface roughness and heterogeneity compared with selective laser melting. Surface modifications of selective laser melting-produced titanium altered bone marrow-derived monocyte morphology and suppressed bone marrow-derived monocyte proliferation and osteoclastogenesis in vitro (sandblasting/alkali-heating>sandblasting/acid-etching>selective laser melting). These surface modifications reduced the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase and c-Jun N-terminal kinases compared to native-selective laser melting. Sandblasting/alkali-heating additionally blocked tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 recruitment. The results suggested that sandblasting/alkali-heating and sandblasting/acid-etching modifications on selective laser melting titanium could inhibit osteoclast differentiation through suppressing extracellular signal-regulated kinase and c-Jun N-terminal kinase phosphorylation in mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway and provide a promising technique which might reduce peri-implant bone resorption for optimizing native-selective laser melting implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamin Yang
- Department of Oral Implantology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiaolin Yu
- Department of Oral Implantology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Zhengchuan Zhang
- Department of Oral Implantology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Ruogu Xu
- Department of Oral Implantology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Fan Wu
- Department of Oral Implantology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Tianlu Wang
- Department of Oral Implantology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Oral Implantology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jianglin Ouyang
- Guangzhou Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, PR China.,Guangzhou Janus Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Feilong Deng
- Department of Oral Implantology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, PR China
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66
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Guo FF, Xiao M, Wang SY, Zeng T, Cheng L, Xie Q. Downregulation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in chronic ethanol-induced fatty liver. Toxicol Mech Methods 2020; 30:407-416. [PMID: 32237978 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2020.1747126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are versatile proteins that have been suggested to be involved in the regulation of lipid metabolism. This study was designed to investigate the responses of MAPK signaling to chronic ethanol exposure in vivo and in vitro, and try to explore its role in the pathogenesis of alcoholic fatty liver (AFL). Mice were fed with Lieber-Decarli liquid diet (5% ethanol, w/v) for 4 weeks to induce fatty liver, and the chronological changes of MAPK phosphorylation were measured using western blotting. We found that chronic ethanol feeding led to accumulation of triglyceride (TG), decreased phosphorylation of MAPKs, decreased protein level of peroxisomal proliferator activation receptor α (PPARα), and increased protein expression of cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1) in mice liver. In vitro study showed that overexpression of CYP2E1 blunted the response of MAPKs to ethanol, and MAPK phosphatase 1 (MKP-1) knockdown by siRNA led to upregulation of PPARα protein level. Lastly, epidermal growth factor (EGF), a well-known MAPK activator, significantly suppressed chronic ethanol-induced hepatic fat accumulation and decline of PPARα expression in mice liver. Collectively, MAPK suppression, possibly due to the activation of hepatic CYP2E1, may be involved in chronic ethanol-induced hepatic steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Fang Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Mo Xiao
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shao-Yi Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Tao Zeng
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lei Cheng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qing Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
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67
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Abstract
Asthenozoospermia is a common cause of male infertility, the aetiology of which remains unclear in 50–60% of cases. The current study aimed to characterize metabolic alterations in asthenozoospermic seminal plasma and to explore the signalling pathways involved in sperm motility regulation. At first, high-performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization–tandem mass spectrometry was used to detect the targeted metabolic network of arachidonic acid (AA). Metabolomic multivariate data analysis showed significant distinction of AA metabolites between asthenozoospermic and healthy seminal plasma. AA as well as its lipoxygenase (LOX) and cytochrome P450 metabolites were found to be abnormally increased, while cyclooxygenase (COX) metabolites were complicatedly disturbed in asthenozoospermic volunteers compared with those in healthy ones. In vitro experiments and western blot analysis of sperm cells revealed a decrease in sperm motility and upregulation of sperm phosphor-P38 induced by AA. P38 inhibitor could increase AA-reduced sperm motility. Also, all the inhibitors of the three metabolic pathways of AA could block AA-induced P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation and further improve sperm motility. We report here for the first time that an abnormal AA metabolic network could reduce sperm motility via P38 MAPK activation through the LOX, cytochrome P450 and COX metabolic pathways, which might be an underlying pathomechanism of asthenozoospermia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisha Yu
- 1 College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojing Yang
- 1 College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009 , People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Ma
- 1 College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009 , People's Republic of China
| | - Hanjie Ying
- 2 College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211816 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xuejun Shang
- 3 Department of Andrology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210002 , People's Republic of China
| | - Bingfang He
- 1 College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009 , People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Zhang
- 1 College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009 , People's Republic of China
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68
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Ou Y, Zhu L, Xu S, Wei Q. Activation of RAW264.7 macrophage by Exopolysaccharide from Aphanothece halaphytica (EPSAH) and the underlying mechanisms. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2020; 34:591-602. [PMID: 32083746 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Exopolysaccharide from Aphanothece halophytica (EPSAH), a potent antitumor agent and immunological adjuvant, was investigated for the activation effect on RAW264.7 macrophages and the underlying mechanisms. EPSAH could significantly enhance macrophage phagocytosis and the secretion of nitric oxide, increase the mRNA expression levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, and TNF-α), anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, and chemokines (MCP-1 and MIP-1α). When RAW264.7 cells were treated with EPSAH, the mRNA expression of TLR4 and its downstream molecules TRAF6 and MyD88 were upregulated. When TLR4 was blocked using a TLR4-specific neutralizing antibody, nitric oxide secretion from the macrophages was significantly inhibited. EPSAH was further shown to induce phosphorylation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) ERK, JNK, and p38, and promote cytoplasmic IκB phosphorylation and increase nuclear NF-κB p65 levels remarkably in RAW264.7 cells. These data demonstrate the capacity of EPSAH to induce macrophage activation possibly via TLR4/MyD88 pathway, which leads to the activation of its main signaling downstream molecules MAPKs and NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ou
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Shuya Xu
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Qingfang Wei
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
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69
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Jiang Y, Xiao L, Fu W, Tang Y, Lertnimitphun P, Kim N, Zheng C, Tan H, Lu Y, Xu H. Gaudichaudione H Inhibits Inflammatory Responses in Macrophages and Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis in Mice. Front Pharmacol 2020; 10:1561. [PMID: 32009962 PMCID: PMC6978770 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages-involved inflammation is considered to induce the damage in various diseases. Herein, novel therapeutics inhibiting over-activation of macrophages could prove an effective strategy to prevent inflammation-related diseases. Gaudichaudione H (GH), which is a natural small molecular compound isolated from Garcinia oligantha Merr. (Clusiaceae) has previously been demonstrated its anti-cancer effects on several cancer cell lines. However, no report has been published about the anti-inflammatory effect of GH to date. This study aims to examine the anti-inflammatory effects and potential molecular mechanism of GH, and provide new insights toward the treatment of inflammation. GH inhibited nitric oxide (NO) production, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression, cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) production, and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression to attenuate inflammatory responses in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 cells or stimulated bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs). GH inhibited nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways, the nuclear translocation of transcription factors NF-κB and activator protein 1 (AP-1), as well as upstream signaling of the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88) pathway in stimulated macrophages. Furthermore, the result of the intracellular signaling array showed that the phosphorylation of adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase-α (AMPKα), proline-rich Akt substrate of 40 kDa (PRAS40), and p38 could be down regulated by GH in BMDMs, indicating that the mechanism by which GH inhibited inflammation may be also associated with the energy metabolism pathway, PRAS40-mediated NF-κB pathway, cell proliferation, apoptosis, and autophagy, etc. In addition, GH alleviated dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis in mice by ameliorating weight loss, stool consistency change, blood in the stool, and colon shortening. GH decreased the protein and mRNA levels of IL-6 and TNF-α, iNOS and COX-2 mRNA expression, the activation of NF-κB and MAPK pathways, the phosphorylation of AMPKα and PRAS40, histological damage, and infiltration of macrophages in the colons of mice with DSS-induced colitis. Taken together, our results support that GH exerts the anti-inflammatory effects in macrophages in vitro through regulation of NF-κB and MAPK pathways, and DSS-induced colitis mouse model in vivo. These findings suggest that GH may be a promising candidate in treating macrophage-related inflammatory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lianbo Xiao
- Institute of Arthritis Research, Shanghai Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guanghua Integrative Medicine Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenwei Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuexun Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Nami Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Changwu Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongsheng Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongxi Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Tong W, Chen X, Song X, Chen Y, Jia R, Zou Y, Li L, Yin L, He C, Liang X, Ye G, Lv C, Lin J, Yin Z. Resveratrol inhibits LPS-induced inflammation through suppressing the signaling cascades of TLR4-NF-κB/MAPKs/IRF3. Exp Ther Med 2019; 19:1824-1834. [PMID: 32104238 PMCID: PMC7027153 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.8396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol (Res) is a natural compound that possesses anti-inflammatory properties. However, the protective molecular mechanisms of Res against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation have not been fully studied. In the present study, RAW264.7 cells were stimulated with LPS in the presence or absence of Res, and the subsequent modifications to the LPS-induced signaling pathways caused by Res treatment were examined. It was identified that Res decreased the mRNA levels of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), myeloid differentiation primary response protein MyD88, TIR domain-containing adapter molecule 2, which suggested that Res may inhibit the activation of the TLR4 signaling pathway. It suppressed the expression levels of total and phosphorylated TLR4, NF-κB inhibitor, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 and interferon (IFN) regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) proteins. Following treatment with Res or specific inhibitors, the production of pro-inflammatory mediators including tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and IFN-β were decreased and the expression of anti-inflammatory mediator IL-10 was increased. These results suggested that Res may inhibit the signaling cascades of NF-κB, MAPKs and IRF3, which modulate pro-inflammatory cytokines. In conclusion, Res exhibited a therapeutic effect on LPS-induced inflammation through suppression of the TLR4-NF-κB/MAPKs/IRF3 signaling cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhi Tong
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China
| | - Xiangxiu Chen
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China
| | - Xu Song
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China
| | - Yaqin Chen
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China
| | - Renyong Jia
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China
| | - Yuanfeng Zou
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China
| | - Lixia Li
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China
| | - Lizi Yin
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China
| | - Changliang He
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxia Liang
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China
| | - Gang Ye
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Lv
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China
| | - Juchun Lin
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China
| | - Zhongqiong Yin
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China
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Schmitz L, Schwier MA, Heimel K. The Unfolded Protein Response Regulates Pathogenic Development of Ustilago maydis by Rok1-Dependent Inhibition of Mating-Type Signaling. mBio 2019; 10:e02756-19. [PMID: 31848283 DOI: 10.1128/mBio.02756-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The unfolded protein response (UPR) is crucial for endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis and disease development in fungal pathogens. In the plant-pathogenic fungus Ustilago maydis, the UPR supports fungal proliferation in planta and effector secretion for plant defense suppression. In this study, we uncovered that UPR activity, which is normally restricted to the biotrophic stage in planta, inhibits mating and the formation of infectious filaments by Rok1-dependent dephosphorylation of the pheromone responsive mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) Kpp2. This observation is relevant for understanding how the fungal virulence program is regulated by cellular physiology. UPR-mediated control of mating-type signaling pathways predicts that effector gene expression and the virulence potential are controlled by ER stress levels. Fungal pathogens require the unfolded protein response (UPR) to maintain protein homeostasis of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) during pathogenic development. In the corn smut fungus Ustilago maydis, pathogenic development is controlled by the a and b mating-type loci. The UPR is specifically activated after plant penetration and required for efficient secretion of effectors and suppression of the plant defense response. The interaction between the UPR regulator Cib1 and the central developmental regulator Clp1 modulates the pathogenic program and triggers fungal colonization of the host plant. By contrast, when activated before plant penetration, the UPR interferes with fungal virulence by reducing expression of bE and bW, the central regulators of pathogenic development encoded by the b mating-type locus. Here, we show that this inhibitory effect results from UPR-mediated suppression of the pheromone response pathway upstream of the b regulatory network. UPR activity prompts dephosphorylation of the pheromone-responsive mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) Kpp2, reducing activity of the pheromone response factor Prf1 that regulates expression of bE and bW. Deletion of the dual specificity phosphatase rok1 fully suppressed UPR-dependent inhibition of Kpp2 phosphorylation, formation of infectious filaments, and fungal virulence. Rok1 determines the activity of mating-type signaling pathways and thus the degree of fungal virulence. We propose that UPR-dependent regulation of Rok1 aligns ER physiology with fungal aggressiveness and effector gene expression during biotrophic growth of U. maydis in the host plant.
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Liu J, Tang J, Li X, Yan Q, Ma J, Jiang Z. Curdlan ( Alcaligenes faecalis) (1→3)-β-d-Glucan Oligosaccharides Drive M1 Phenotype Polarization in Murine Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophages via Activation of MAPKs and NF-κB Pathways. Molecules 2019; 24:E4251. [PMID: 31766621 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24234251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional oligosaccharides, particularly curdlan (1→3)-β-d-glucan oligosaccharides (GOS), play important roles in modulating host immune responses. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the immunostimulatory effects of GOS on macrophage polarization are not clear. In this work, GOS (5–1000 µg/mL) were non-toxic to bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) with improved pinocytic and bactericidal capacities. Incubation with GOS (100 µg/mL) induced M1 phenotype polarization of BMDMs as evidenced by increased CD11c+/CD86+ (10.1%) and M1 gene expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, interleukin (IL)-1β, and chemokine C-C-motif ligand 2. Accordingly, the secretion of cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, and tumor necrosis factor-α, as well as the nitrite release of BMDMs were increased by GOS (100 µg/mL). Expression of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) of phosphorylated (p)-c-Jun amino-terminal kinase, p-extracellular signal regulated kinase, and p-p38 in BMDMs were increased by GOS, as well as the p-Stat1. Moreover, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p-p65 expression in BMDMs was promoted by GOS while it suppressed IκBα expression. Receptor blocking with anti-CR3 (CD11b/CD18) and anti-toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 antibodies diminished GOS induced M1 phenotype polarization with reduced mRNA expression of M1 genes, decreased cytokine and nitrite releases, and suppressed signaling pathway activation. Thus, CR3 (CD11b/CD18) and TLR2 mediated activation of MAPKs and NF-κB pathways are responsible for GOS induced polarization of BMDMs.
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Ping F, Cao Q, Lin H, Han SZ. Antagonistic Effects of N-acetylcysteine on Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Pathway Activation, Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Responses in Rats with PM 2.5 Induced Lung Injuries. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 34:270-276. [PMID: 33906713 DOI: 10.24920/003527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the antagonistic effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) pathway activation, oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in rats with lung injury induced by fine particulate matter (PM2.5).Methods Forty eight male Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups: blank control group (C1), water drip control group (C2), PM2.5 exposed group (P), low-dose NAC treated and PM2.5 exposed group (L), middle-dose NAC treated and PM2.5 exposed group (M), and high-dose NAC treated and PM2.5 exposed group (H). PM2.5 suspension (7.5 mg/kg) was administered tracheally once a week for four times. NAC of 125 mg/kg, 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg was delivered intragastrically to L, M and H group respectively by gavage (10 ml/kg) for six days before PM2.5 exposure. The histopathological changes and human mucin 5 subtype AC (MUC5AC) content in lung tissue of rats were evaluated. We investigated IL-6 in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), MUC5AC in lung tissue homogenate by ELISA, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) in serum and BALF by spectrophotometry, and the expression of p-ERK1/2, p-JNK1/2 and p-p38 proteins by Western blot. All the measurements were analyzed and compared statistically.Results Lung tissue of rats exposed to PM2.5 showed histological destruction and increased mucus secretion of bronchial epithelial cells. Rats receiving NAC treatment showed less histological destruction and mucus secretion. Of P, L, M and H group, MUC5AC in lung tissue, IL-6 in serum and BALF were higher than controls (C1 and C2) (all P<0.05), with the highest levels found in the P group and a decreasing trend with increase of NAC dose. The activity of GSH-PX in serum and BALF of PM2.5 exposed rats (P, L, M and H) was lower than that of controls (all P<0.05), with higher activities found in NAC treated rats (L, M, and H), and an increasing trend with increase of NAC dose. The expressions of p-ERK1/2, p-JNK1/2 and p-p38 proteins in PM2.5 exposed lung tissue (P, L, M and H) was higher than controls (all P<0.05), with decreased levels and dose dependent downregulation found in NAC treated rats.Conclusion NAC can antagonize major MAPK pathway activation, lung oxidative stress and inflammatory injury induced by PM2.5 in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Ping
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051 China
| | - Qin Cao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051 China
| | - Hua Lin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051 China
| | - Shu-Zhi Han
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051 China
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Lee JA, Kim DJ, Hwang O. KMS99220 Exerts Anti-Inflammatory Effects, Activates the Nrf2 Signaling and Interferes with IKK, JNK and p38 MAPK via HO-1. Mol Cells 2019; 42:702-710. [PMID: 31656063 PMCID: PMC6821456 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2019.0129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is an important contributor to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders including Parkinson's disease (PD). We previously reported that our novel synthetic compound KMS99220 has a good pharmacokinetic profile, enters the brain, exerts neuroprotective effect, and inhibits NFκB activation. To further assess the utility of KMS99220 as a potential therapeutic agent for PD, we tested whether KMS99220 exerts an anti-inflammatory effect in vivo and examined the molecular mechanism mediating this phenomenon. In 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-treated mice, oral administration of KMS99220 attenuated microglial activation and decreased the levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1b) in the nigrostriatal system. In lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged BV-2 microglial cells, KMS99220 suppressed the production and expression of IL-1b. In the activated microglia, KMS99220 reduced the phosphorylation of IκB kinase, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and p38 MAP kinase; this effect was mediated by heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), as both gene silencing and pharmacological inhibition of HO-1 abolished the effect of KMS99220. KMS99220 induced nuclear translocation of the transcription factor Nrf2 and expression of the Nrf2 target genes including HO-1. Together with our earlier findings, our current results show that KMS99220 may be a potential therapeutic agent for neuroinflammation-related neurodegenerative diseases such as PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Ae Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505,
Korea
| | - Dong Jin Kim
- Center for Neuro-Medicine, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792,
Korea
| | - Onyou Hwang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505,
Korea
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Gava SG, Tavares NC, Falcone FH, Oliveira G, Mourão MM. Profiling Transcriptional Regulation and Functional Roles of Schistosoma mansoni c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase. Front Genet 2019; 10:1036. [PMID: 31681440 PMCID: PMC6813216 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.01036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) play a regulatory role and influence various biological activities, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Our group has demonstrated through functional studies that Schistosoma mansoni c-Jun N-terminal kinase (SmJNK) MAPK is involved in the parasite's development, reproduction, and survival. SmJNK can, therefore, be considered a potential target for the development of new drugs. Considering the importance of SmJNK in S. mansoni maturation, we aimed at understanding of SmJNK regulated signaling pathways in the parasite, correlating expression data with S. mansoni development. To better understand the role of SmJNK in S. mansoni intravertebrate host life stages, RNA interference knockdown was performed in adult worms and in schistosomula larval stage. SmJNK knocked-down in adult worms showed a decrease in oviposition and no significant alteration in their movement. RNASeq libraries of SmJNK knockdown schistosomula were sequenced. A total of 495 differentially expressed genes were observed in the SmJNK knockdown parasites, of which 373 were down-regulated and 122 up-regulated. Among the down-regulated genes, we found transcripts related to protein folding, purine nucleotide metabolism, the structural composition of ribosomes and cytoskeleton. Genes coding for proteins that bind to nucleic acids and proteins involved in the phagosome and spliceosome pathways were enriched. Additionally, we found that SmJNK and Smp38 MAPK signaling pathways converge regulating the expression of a large set of genes. C. elegans orthologous genes were enriched for genes related to sterility and oocyte maturation, corroborating the observed phenotype alteration. This work allowed an in-depth analysis of the SmJNK signaling pathway, elucidating gene targets of regulation and functional roles of this critical kinase for parasite maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Grossi Gava
- Laboratório de Helmintologia e Malacologia Médica, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Naiara Clemente Tavares
- Laboratório de Helmintologia e Malacologia Médica, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Franco Harald Falcone
- Allergy and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Division of Molecular Therapeutics and Formulation, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Institute of Parasitology, BFS, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | | | - Marina Moraes Mourão
- Laboratório de Helmintologia e Malacologia Médica, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Lu Z, Zhou H, Zhang S, Dai W, Zhang Y, Hong L, Chen F, Cao J. Activation of reactive oxygen species-mediated mitogen-activated protein kinases pathway regulates both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis induced by arctigenin in Hep G2. J Pharm Pharmacol 2019; 72:29-43. [PMID: 31617221 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.13180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Arctigenin (ARG) has been proved to inhibit the viability of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) via inducing apoptosis. However, the precise mechanism remains unknown. The present study was aimed to further investigate the mechanism of ARG against HCC in vitro and in vivo. METHODS Arctigenin was applied in vitro and in vivo. Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, etc., were used to investigate the mechanisms. KEY FINDINGS The time-dependent enhancement of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, cytochrome c release, Fas and FasL levels, caspase cascade activation and the loss in the mitochondrial out membrane potential indicated that both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways were triggered by ARG. Moreover, Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 phosphorylated time-dependently. And inhibition of the phosphorylation of either p38 or JNK led to a significant reduction in HepG2 apoptosis, owing to the crucial roles of p38 and JNK played in regulating the apoptosis pathways. In addition, ARG increased the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in HepG2 cells, while the antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine almost reversed ARG-induced JNK and p38 activation, and dramatically decreased cell apoptosis. In vivo, ARG increased the cell apoptosis in tumour tissues, and p-p38, p-JNK and Bax were significantly upregulated. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrated that ARG induced apoptosis in HCC via ROS-mediated mitogen-activated protein kinases apoptosis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Lu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Hongbo Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shishuo Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Dai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Liping Hong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fanjie Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiyue Cao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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Yang H, Gao XJ, Li YJ, Su JB, E TZ, Zhang X, Ni W, Gu YX. Minocycline reduces intracerebral hemorrhage-induced white matter injury in piglets. CNS Neurosci Ther 2019; 25:1195-1206. [PMID: 31556245 PMCID: PMC6776747 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims White matter (WM) injury after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) results in poor or even fatal outcomes. As an anti‐inflammatory drug, minocycline has been considered a promising choice to treat brain injury after ICH. However, whether minocycline can reduce WM injury after ICH is still controversial. In the present study, we investigate the effect and underlying mechanism of minocycline on WM injury after ICH. Methods An ICH model was induced by an injection of autologous blood into the right frontal lobe of piglets. First, transcriptional analysis was performed at day 1 or 3 to investigate the dynamic changes in neuroinflammatory gene expression in WM after ICH. Second, ICH piglets were treated either with minocycline or with vehicle alone. All piglets then underwent magnetic resonance imaging to measure brain swelling. Brain tissue was used for real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR), immunohistochemistry, Western blot, and electron microscopy. Results Transcriptional analysis demonstrated that transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β)/mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling is associated with microglia/macrophage‐mediated inflammation activation after ICH and is then involved in WM injury after ICH in piglets. Minocycline treatment results in less ICH‐induced brain swelling, fewer neurological deficits, and less WM injury in comparison with the vehicle alone. In addition, minocycline reduces microglial activation and alleviates demyelination in white matter after ICH. Finally, we found that minocycline attenuates WM injury by increasing the expression of TGF‐β and suppressing MAPK activation after ICH. Conclusion These results indicate that TGF‐β–mediated MAPK signaling contributes to WM injury after ICH, which can be altered by minocycline treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-Jie Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan-Jiang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Bin Su
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tong-Zhou E
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Ni
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Xiang Gu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Abstract
In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the most frequent oncogenic mutation in western countries is KRAS, for which, however, there remains no clinically approved targeted therapies. Recent progress on high biological heterogeneity including diverse KRAS point mutations, varying dependence on mutant KRAS, wide spectrum of other co-occurring genetic alterations, as well as distinct cellular status across the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), has not only deepened our understanding about the pathobiology of KRAS-mutant NSCLC but also brought about unprecedented new hopes for precision treatment of patients. In this review, we provide an update on the most recent advances in KRAS-mutant lung cancer, with a focus on mechanistic insights into tumor heterogeneity, the potential clinic implications and new therapies on horizons tailored for KRAS-mutant lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitang Yang
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Department of BioMedical Research, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Shun-Qing Liang
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Department of BioMedical Research, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Ralph A. Schmid
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Department of BioMedical Research, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ren-Wang Peng
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Department of BioMedical Research, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Rodríguez-Rojas F, Celis-Plá PSM, Méndez L, Moenne F, Muñoz PT, Lobos MG, Díaz P, Sánchez-Lizaso JL, Brown MT, Moenne A, Sáez CA. MAPK Pathway under Chronic Copper Excess in Green Macroalgae (Chlorophyta): Involvement in the Regulation of Detoxification Mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184546. [PMID: 31540290 PMCID: PMC6771120 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Following the physiological complementary/parallel Celis-Plá et al., by inhibiting extracellular signal regulated kinases (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK), and cytokinin specific binding protein (p38), we assessed the role of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) pathway in detoxification responses mediated by chronic copper (10 µM) in U. compressa. Parameters were taken at 6, 24, and 48 h, and 6 days (d). H2O2 and lipid peroxidation under copper and inhibition of ERK, JNK, or p38 alone increased but recovered by the sixth day. By blocking two or more MAPKs under copper, H2O2 and lipid peroxidation decayed even below controls. Inhibition of more than one MAPK (at 6 d) caused a decrease in total glutathione (reduced glutathione (GSH) + oxidised glutathione (GSSG)) and ascorbate (reduced ascorbate (ASC) + dehydroascorbate (DHA)), although in the latter it did not occur when the whole MAPK was blocked. Catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), thioredoxin (TRX) ascorbate peroxidase (APX), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), and glutathione synthase (GS), were downregulated when blocking more than one MAPK pathway. When one MAPK pathway was blocked under copper, a recovery and even enhancement of detoxification mechanisms was observed, likely due to crosstalk within the MAPKs and/or other signalling processes. In contrast, when more than one MAPK pathway were blocked under copper, impairment of detoxification defences occurred, demonstrating that MAPKs were key signalling mechanisms for detoxification in macroalgae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Rodríguez-Rojas
- Laboratory of Aquatic Environmental Research, Centro de Estudios Avanzados, Universidad de Playa Ancha, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile
- HUB-AMBIENTAL UPLA, Universidad de Playa Ancha, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile
| | - Paula S M Celis-Plá
- Laboratory of Aquatic Environmental Research, Centro de Estudios Avanzados, Universidad de Playa Ancha, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile
- HUB-AMBIENTAL UPLA, Universidad de Playa Ancha, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile
| | - Lorena Méndez
- Laboratory of Aquatic Environmental Research, Centro de Estudios Avanzados, Universidad de Playa Ancha, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile
| | - Fabiola Moenne
- Laboratory of Aquatic Environmental Research, Centro de Estudios Avanzados, Universidad de Playa Ancha, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile
- HUB-AMBIENTAL UPLA, Universidad de Playa Ancha, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile
| | - Pamela T Muñoz
- Laboratory of Aquatic Environmental Research, Centro de Estudios Avanzados, Universidad de Playa Ancha, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile
- Doctorado Interdisciplinario en Ciencias Ambientales, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad de Playa Ancha, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile
- Doctorado en Ciencias del Mar y Biología Aplicada, Departamento de Ciencias del Mar y Biología Aplicada, Universidad de Alicante, 03080 Alicante, Spain
| | - M Gabriela Lobos
- Laboratory of Environmental and Analytical Chemistry, Instituto de Química y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 234000, Chile
| | - Patricia Díaz
- Laboratory of Environmental and Analytical Chemistry, Instituto de Química y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 234000, Chile
| | - José Luis Sánchez-Lizaso
- Departamento de Ciencias del Mar y Biología Aplicada, Universidad de Alicante, 03080 Alicante, Spain
| | - Murray T Brown
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, PL4 8AA Plymouth, UK
| | - Alejandra Moenne
- Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9170020, Chile
| | - Claudio A Sáez
- Laboratory of Aquatic Environmental Research, Centro de Estudios Avanzados, Universidad de Playa Ancha, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile.
- HUB-AMBIENTAL UPLA, Universidad de Playa Ancha, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile.
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Shi J, Wang Z, Guo X, Shen J, Sun H, Bai J, Yu B, Wang L, Zhou W, Liu Y, Zhang W, Yang H, Xu Y, Zhou J, Geng D. Aspirin inhibits osteoclast formation and wear-debris-induced bone destruction by suppressing mitogen-activated protein kinases. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:2599-2608. [PMID: 31498438 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Excessive osteoclast recruitment and activation is the chief cause of periprosthetic osteolysis and subsequent aseptic loosening, so blocking osteolysis may be useful for protecting against osteoclastic bone resorption. We studied the effect of aspirin on titanium (Ti)-particle-induced osteolysis in vivo and in vitro using male C57BL/6J mice randomized to sham (sham surgery), Ti (Ti particles), low-dose aspirin (Ti/5 mg·kg-1 ·d-1 aspirin), and high-dose aspirin (Ti/30 mg·kg-1 ·d-1 aspirin). After 2 weeks, a three-dimensional reconstruction evaluation using micro-computed tomography and histomorphology assessment were performed on murine calvariae. Murine hematopoietic macrophages and RAW264.7 lineage cells were studied to investigate osteoclast formation and function. Aspirin attenuated Ti-particle-induced bone erosion and reduced osteoclasts. In vitro, aspirin suppressed osteoclast formation, osteoclastic-related gene expression, and osteoclastic bone erosion in a dose-dependent manner. Mechanically, aspirin reduced osteoclast formation by suppressing receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand-induced activation of extracellular signal-related kinase, p-38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase. Thus, aspirin may be a promising option for preventing and curing osteoclastic bone destruction, including peri-implant osteolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Suzhou Kowloon hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaobin Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jining Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Houyi Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiaxiang Bai
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Binqing Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liangliang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Orthopedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huilin Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yaozeng Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dechun Geng
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Song JH, Kim S, Yu JS, Park DH, Kim SY, Kang KS, Lee S, Kim KH. Procyanidin B2 3″- O-gallate Isolated from Reynoutria elliptica Prevents Glutamate-Induced HT22 Cell Death by Blocking the Accumulation of Intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species. Biomolecules 2019; 9:E412. [PMID: 31454978 DOI: 10.3390/biom9090412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we examined the neuroprotective effects of MeOH extract and bioactive compounds obtained from Reynoutria elliptica seeds using HT22 cells from the murine hippocampal cell line as its underlying molecular basis, which has not yet been elucidated. Our study showed that the MeOH extract of R. elliptica seeds strongly protected HT22 cells from glutamate toxicity. To clarify the responsible compound for the neuroprotective effects, we took an interest in procyanidins of R. elliptica since procyanidins are known to exhibit high structural diversity and neuroprotective activity. To isolate the procyanidins efficiently, a phytochemical investigation of the MeOH extract from R. elliptica seeds using the LC/MS-guided isolation approach was applied, and procyanidin B2 3″-O-gallate (1) was successfully isolated. The structure of 1 was elucidated by analyzing the nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic data and LC/MS analysis. The neuroprotective activities of 1 were thoroughly examined using HT22 cells. Compound 1 exhibited a strong antioxidant efficacy and blocked glutamate-mediated increase in the reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. Furthermore, compound 1 significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase, p38, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase, which were increased by glutamate. These findings prove that the extract of R. elliptica seeds containing procyanidin B2 3″-O-gallate, which is a strong neuroprotective component, can be used as a functional food forattenuating and regulating neurological disorders.
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Huang Y, Wen LL, Xie JD, Ouyang HD, Chen DT, Zeng WA. Antinociceptive effectiveness of the inhibition of NCX reverse-mode action in rodent neuropathic pain model. Mol Pain 2019; 15:1744806919864511. [PMID: 31370728 PMCID: PMC6681272 DOI: 10.1177/1744806919864511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic neuropathic pain is a debilitating condition that remains difficult
to treat. The Na+-Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) is a
transporter that can exchange Ca2+ with Na+ in either
direction to maintain intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis. However,
the effect of NCX on neuropathic pain remains unclear. Therefore, in this
study, we aimed to clarify whether neuropathic pain is altered by NCX. Methods Adult Sprague–Dawley rats and mice (NCX2 knockout and wild type) were
randomized to receive spinal nerve ligation surgery or intrathecal
injection. Using behavioral testing to analyze the withdrawal thresholds and
thermal withdrawal latency of rats after surgery or intrathecal injection.
Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting were used to analyze the changes
of NCX protein and downstream signaling pathways in rats dorsal root
ganglion. We isolated the dorsal root ganglion neurons of adult rats using
Fluo-4AM to detect the Ca2+ imaging in neurons after drug
treatment. Results NCX was expressed in the sensory neurons of rodent dorsal root ganglia. NCX
expression was altered in ipsilateral L4–6 dorsal root ganglion neurons in
spinal nerve ligation rats. Intrathecal injection of an inhibitor of
reverse-mode NCX activity (KB-R7943 5∼20 µg) had an antinociceptive effect
in spinal nerve ligation rats, and the effect lasted for 3 h. We measured
the expression of signaling pathway molecules in dorsal root ganglion
neurons, and only the p-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2
level was reduced after intrathecal injection in the spinal nerve ligation
group compared to the control group. In cultured dorsal root ganglion
neurons, inhibitors of reverse-mode NCX activity (KB-R7943 and ORM-10103)
restrained Ca2+ overload after tumor necrosis factor alpha
(TNF-α) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment. NCX2 knockout mice presented
an antinociceptive effect that lasted for more than 28 days after spinal
nerve ligation surgery. The p-ERK1/2 level in NCX2 knockout mice ipsilateral
L4–6 dorsal root ganglion neurons was lower than that in wild-type mice. Conclusions NCX proteins may mediate neuropathic pain progression via the Ca2+
and ERK pathways. NCX represents a potential target for the treatment of
neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Huang
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,2 State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,3 Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Li Wen
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,2 State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,3 Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Dun Xie
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,2 State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,3 Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Han-Dong Ouyang
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,2 State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,3 Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong-Tai Chen
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,2 State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,3 Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei-An Zeng
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,2 State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,3 Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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YAO W, DAI H, GUI J. [Mechanical stress promotes cartilage repair in inflammatory environment]. Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2019; 48:517-525. [PMID: 31901026 PMCID: PMC8800764 DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9292.2019.10.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect and mechanism of mechanical stress on cartilage repair in inflammatory environment. METHODS The chondrogenic progenitor cells (CPCs) were isolated from the knee joint cartilage of patients with osteoarthritis (OA) undergoing total knee arthroplasty. The CPCs were cultured and expanded in a 3-D scaffold constructed with alginate. Intermittent hydrostatic pressure (IHP) was applied in a inflammatory environment induced by IL-1β, and Western blot was used to detect the expression of MAPK signaling pathway proteins. Cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 method, and the expression of related genes like matrix metallo-proteinases 13 (MMP-13) and a disintegrins and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motif 5 (ADAMTS-5) was detected by real-time RT-PCR. The anterior cruciate ligament of the rats was cut to construct the knee joint OA model, and the appropriate mechanical stress was constructed with external fixation to distract the knee joint in order to observe the repair of the cartilage and to explore its mechanism. RESULTS Adding 0.01 ng/ml IL-1β in cell culture inhibited the proliferation of CPCs. After IHP application, the expression of MAPK pathway protein was decreased, the mRNA expression of MMP-13 and ADAMTS-5 was reduced. The inhibition of IL-1β on CPCs was counteracted by IHP. Four weeks after the anterior cruciate ligament resected, the articular cartilage degeneration was observed in rats. The Mankin score in the OA treatment (joint distraction) group was lower, and the cartilage repair was better than that of the control group (P<0.01). Animal experiments found that the suitable mechanical stress reduced the expression of P-p38, MMP-13 and COLL-X, inhibited cartilage cells apoptosis and promoted the repair of OA cartilage. CONCLUSIONS Mechanical stress can promote the proliferation of CPCs, reduce the expression of matrix degrading enzymes, and promote the repair of OA cartilage by inhibiting MAPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jianchao GUI
- 桂鉴超(1972—), 男, 博士, 教授, 博士生导师, 主要从事骨关节炎及软骨修复的机制研究; E-mail:
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0876-5265
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Jung SH, Lee GB, Ryu Y, Cui L, Lee HM, Kim J, Kim B, Won KJ. Inhibitory effects of scoparone from chestnut inner shell on platelet-derived growth factor-BB-induced vascular smooth muscle cell migration and vascular neointima hyperplasia. J Sci Food Agric 2019; 99:4397-4406. [PMID: 30861122 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compounds of the inner shell of chestnut (Castanea crenata) have diverse biological activities, including anti-cancer and anti-oxidant activities. Here we explored the effects of an extract of chestnut inner shells and of its bioactive component scoparone on vascular smooth muscle cell migration and vessel damage. RESULTS The ethanol extract of chestnut inner shells, containing 11 major compounds, inhibited platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB-induced migration of rat aortic smooth muscle cells (RASMCs). Among these compounds, scoparone (6,7-dimethoxycoumarin) suppressed RASMC migration and wound healing in response to PDGF-BB but did not affect RASMC proliferation. In RASMCs, scoparone inhibited the PDGF-BB-induced rat aortic sprout outgrowth and attenuated the PDGF-BB-mediated increase in phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), p38 MAPK and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2. The in vivo administration of scoparone resulted in the attenuation of neointima formation in balloon-injured carotid arteries of rats. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate that scoparone, found in chestnut inner shells, may inhibit cell migration through suppression of the phosphorylation of MAPKs in PDGF-BB-treated RASMCs, probably contributing to the reduction of neointimal hyperplasia induced after vascular injury. Therefore, scoparone and chestnut inner shell may be a potential agent or functional food, respectively, for the prevention of vascular disorders such as vascular restenosis or atherosclerosis. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Becaplermin/metabolism
- Cell Movement/drug effects
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Coumarins/administration & dosage
- Coumarins/chemistry
- Fagaceae/chemistry
- Humans
- Hyperplasia/drug therapy
- Hyperplasia/physiopathology
- Male
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/genetics
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/cytology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Neointima/drug therapy
- Neointima/metabolism
- Neointima/physiopathology
- Nuts/chemistry
- Plant Extracts/administration & dosage
- Plant Extracts/chemistry
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Hyo Jung
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Gyoung Beom Lee
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yunkyoung Ryu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Long Cui
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hwan Myung Lee
- Department of Cosmetic Science, College of Natural Science, Hoseo University, Asan, South Korea
| | - Junghwan Kim
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Public Health & Welfare, Yongin University, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Bokyung Kim
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyung Jong Won
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
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Kim MJ, Jeong SM, Kang BK, Kim KBWR, Ahn DH. Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Grasshopper Ketone from Sargassum fulvellum Ethanol Extract on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Responses in RAW 264.7 Cells. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 29:820-826. [PMID: 30982318 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.1901.01027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the anti-inflammatory potential of a grasshopper ketone (GK) isolated from the brown alga Sargassum fulvellum on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cell line. GK was isolated and purified from the n-hexane fraction and its structure was verified on the basis of NMR spectroscopic data. GK up to 100 μg/ml is not cytotoxic to RAW 264.7, and is an effective inhibitor of LPS-induced NO production in RAW 264.7 cells. The production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α was found significantly reduced in 0.1-100 μg/ml dose ranges of GK treatment (p < 0.05). We confirmed the dose-dependent and significant inhibition of iNOS and COX-2 proteins expression. In addition, it has been shown that GK induces anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting MAPKs (ERK, JNK, and p38) and NF-κB p65 phosphorylation. Our results show that the anti-inflammatory properties of GK may be due to the inhibition of the NF-κB and MAPKs pathways, which are associated with the attenuation of cytokine secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Ji Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology and Institute of Food Science, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Mi Jeong
- Institute of Fisheries Sciences, Pukyong National University, Busan 46041, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Kyeong Kang
- Department of Food Science and Technology and Institute of Food Science, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Koth-Bong-Woo-Ri Kim
- Institute of Fisheries Sciences, Pukyong National University, Busan 46041, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyun Ahn
- Department of Food Science and Technology and Institute of Food Science, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
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Besson B, Kim S, Kim T, Ko Y, Lee S, Larrous F, Song J, Shum D, Grailhe R, Bourhy H. Kinome-Wide RNA Interference Screening Identifies Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases and Phosphatidylinositol Metabolism as Key Factors for Rabies Virus Infection. mSphere 2019; 4:e00047-19. [PMID: 31118297 DOI: 10.1128/mSphere.00047-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Rabies virus relies on cellular machinery for its replication while simultaneously evading the host immune response. Despite their importance, little is known about the key host factors required for rabies virus infection. Here, we focused on the human kinome, at the core of many cellular pathways, to unveil a new understanding of the rabies virus infectious cycle and to discover new potential therapeutic targets in a small interfering RNA screening. The mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway and phosphatidylinositol metabolism were identified as prominent factors involved in rabies virus infection, and those findings were further confirmed in human neurons. While bringing a new insight into rabies virus biology, we also provide a new list of host factors involved in rabies virus infection. Throughout the rabies virus (RABV) infectious cycle, host-virus interactions define its capacity to replicate, escape the immune response, and spread. As phosphorylation is a key regulatory mechanism involved in most cellular processes, kinases represent a target of choice to identify host factors required for viral replication. A kinase and phosphatase small interfering RNA (siRNA) high-content screening was performed on a fluorescent protein-recombinant field isolate (Tha RABV). We identified 57 high-confidence key host factors important for RABV replication with a readout set at 18 h postinfection and 73 with a readout set at 36 h postinfection, including 24 common factors at all stages of the infection. Amongst them, gene clusters of the most prominent pathways were determined. Up to 15 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and effectors, including MKK7 (associated with Jun N-terminal protein kinase [JNK] signalization) and DUSP5, as well as 17 phosphatidylinositol (PI)-related proteins, including PIP5K1C and MTM1, were found to be involved in the later stage of RABV infection. The importance of these pathways was further validated, as small molecules Ro 31-8820 and PD 198306 inhibited RABV replication in human neurons. IMPORTANCE Rabies virus relies on cellular machinery for its replication while simultaneously evading the host immune response. Despite their importance, little is known about the key host factors required for rabies virus infection. Here, we focused on the human kinome, at the core of many cellular pathways, to unveil a new understanding of the rabies virus infectious cycle and to discover new potential therapeutic targets in a small interfering RNA screening. The mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway and phosphatidylinositol metabolism were identified as prominent factors involved in rabies virus infection, and those findings were further confirmed in human neurons. While bringing a new insight into rabies virus biology, we also provide a new list of host factors involved in rabies virus infection.
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Yildizbayrak N, Erkan M. Therapeutic effect of curcumin on acrylamide-induced apoptosis mediated by MAPK signaling pathway in Leydig cells. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2019; 33:e22326. [PMID: 31081568 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the possible therapeutic effects of curcumin (CUR), against acrylamide (AA)-induced toxic effects on Leydig cells. The AA and CUR-treated cells were evaluated for cell viability, lipid peroxidation, reactive oxygen species (hydroxyl radical and hydrogen peroxide), antioxidant levels (glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase, and catalase), apoptosis/necrosis rates and phosphorylation status of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). Leydig cells were exposed to four concentrations of AA (1, 10, 100, 1000 µM) in the presence and absence of CUR (2.5 µM) for 24 hours. According to the present result, AA concentration-dependently, increased the oxidative stress parameters and suppressed the antioxidant enzyme levels, meanwhile induced apoptosis and activated the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase, p38, and c-Jun NH 2 -terminal kinase. Moreover, CUR ameliorated the detrimental effects of AA. Thus, AA-induced apoptosis through activation of the MAPK signaling pathway and CUR has a protective effect against AA-induced damage in Leydig cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nebahat Yildizbayrak
- Department of Biology, Institute of Graduate Studies in Sciences, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Melike Erkan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Lin J, Liu F, Zhang YY, Song N, Liu MK, Fang XY, Liao DQ, Zhou C, Wang H, Shen JF. P2Y 14 receptor is functionally expressed in satellite glial cells and mediates interleukin-1β and chemokine CCL2 secretion. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:21199-21210. [PMID: 31032956 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Satellite glial cells (SGCs) activation in the trigeminal ganglia (TG) is critical in various abnormal orofacial sensation in nerve injury and inflammatory conditions. SGCs express several subtypes of P2 purinergic receptors contributing to the initiation and maintenance of neuropathic pain. The P2Y14 receptor, a G-protein-coupled receptor activated by uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glucose and other UDP sugars, mediates various physiologic events such as immune, inflammation, and pain. However, the expression, distribution, and function of P2Y14 receptor in SGCs remains largely unexplored. Our study reported the expression and functional identification of P2Y14 receptor in SGCs. SGCs were isolated from TG of rat, and the P2Y14 receptor expression was examined using immunofluorescence technique. Cell proliferation and viability were examined via cell counting kit-8 experiment. Immunofluorescence demonstrated the presence of P2Y14 receptor in SGCs. Immunofluorescence and western blot showed that UDP-glucose treatment upregulated glial fibrillary acid protein, a common marker for glial activation. Extracellular UDP-glucose enhanced the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38, which were both abolished by the P2Y14 receptor inhibitor (PPTN). Furthermore, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay demonstrated that extracellular UDP-glucose significantly enhanced interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and chemokine CCL2 (CCL2) release, which was abolished by PPTN and significantly decreased by inhibitors of MEK/ERK (U0126) and p38 (SB202190). Our findings directly proved the functional presence of P2Y14 receptor in SGCs. It was also verified that P2Y14 receptor activation was involved in activating SGCs, phosphorylating MAPKs, and promoting the secretion of IL-1β and CCL2 via ERK and p38 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiu Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan-Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ning Song
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Meng-Ke Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin-Yi Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Da-Qing Liao
- Laboratory of Anesthesia & Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Zhou
- Laboratory of Anesthesia & Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie-Fei Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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89
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Wang Y, Hall LM, Kujawa M, Li H, Zhang X, O'Meara M, Ichinose T, Wang JM. Methylglyoxal triggers human aortic endothelial cell dysfunction via modulation of the K ATP/MAPK pathway. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2019; 317:C68-C81. [PMID: 30995106 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00117.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction is a key risk factor in diabetes-related multiorgan damage. Methylglyoxal (MGO), a highly reactive dicarbonyl generated primarily as a by-product of glycolysis, is increased in both type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients. MGO can rapidly bind with proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids, resulting in structural and functional changes. MGO can also form advanced glycation end products (AGEs). How MGO causes endothelial cell dysfunction, however, is not clear. Human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) from healthy (H-HAECs) and type 2 diabetic (D-HAECs) donors were cultured in endothelial growth medium (EGM-2). D-HAECs demonstrated impaired network formation (on Matrigel) and proliferation (MTT assay), as well as increased apoptosis (caspase-3/7 activity and TUNEL staining), compared with H-HAECs. High glucose (25 mM) or AGEs (200 ng/ml) did not induce such immediate, detrimental effects as MGO (10 µM). H-HAECs were treated with MGO (10 µM) for 24 h with or without the ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channel antagonist glibenclamide (1 µM). MGO significantly impaired H-HAEC network formation and proliferation and induced cell apoptosis, which was reversed by glibenclamide. Furthermore, siRNA against the KATP channel protein Kir6.1 significantly inhibited endothelial cell function at basal status but rescued impaired endothelial cell function upon MGO exposure. Meanwhile, activation of MAPK pathways p38 kinase, c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK), and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) (determined by Western blot analyses of their phosphorylated forms, p-JNK, p-p38, and p-ERK) in D-HAECs were significantly enhanced compared with those in H-HAECs. MGO exposure enhanced the activation of all three MAPK pathways in H-HAECs, whereas glibenclamide reversed the activation of p-stress-activated protein kinase/JNK induced by MGO. Glyoxalase-1 (GLO1) is the endogenous MGO-detoxifying enzyme. In healthy mice that received an inhibitor of GLO1, MGO deposition in aortic wall was enhanced and endothelial cell sprouting from isolated aortic segment was significantly inhibited. Our data suggest that MGO triggers endothelial cell dysfunction by activating the JNK/p38 MAPK pathway. This effect arises partly through activation of KATP channels. By understanding how MGO induces endothelial dysfunction, our study may provide useful information for developing MGO-targeted interventions to treat vascular disorders in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University , Detroit, Michigan
| | - Leo M Hall
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Wayne State University , Detroit, Michigan
| | - Marisa Kujawa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University , Detroit, Michigan
| | - Hainan Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University , Detroit, Michigan
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University , Detroit, Michigan
| | - Megan O'Meara
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University , Detroit, Michigan
| | - Tomomi Ichinose
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Wayne State University , Detroit, Michigan
| | - Jie-Mei Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University , Detroit, Michigan.,Centers for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University , Detroit, Michigan.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
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90
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Koçtürk S, Yüksel Egrilmez M, Aktan Ş, Oktay G, Resmi H, Şimşek Keskin H, Sert Serdar B, Erkmen T, Güner Akdogan G, Özkan Ş. Melatonin attenuates the detrimental effects of UVA irradiation in human dermal fibroblasts by suppressing oxidative damage and MAPK/AP-1 signal pathway in vitro. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed 2019; 35:221-231. [PMID: 30739336 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People living in Mediterranean countries are mostly exposed to solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation that damages skin and results in photoaging which involves activation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and downstream signal transduction through mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in fibroblasts. Generation of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species by UV radiation is also critical for EGFR and MAPKs activation. MAPKs are responsible for activation of AP-1 subunits in the nucleus which induce matrix metalloproteinases. Melatonin, along with its metabolites, are known to be the most effective free radical scavenger and protective agent due to its ability to react with various radicals, lipophilic/hydrophilic structures. OBJECTIVES In this study, we investigated the effects of melatonin on UVA-irradiated primary human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) by following the alteration of molecules from cell membrane to the nucleus and oxidative/nitrosative damage status of the cells in a time-dependent manner which have not been clearly elucidated yet. METHODS To mimic UVA dosage in Mediterranean countries, HDFs were exposed to UVA with sub-cytotoxic dosage (20 J/cm2 ) after pretreatment with melatonin (1 μmol/L) for 1 hour. Changes in the activation of the molecules and oxidative/nitrosative stress damage were analyzed at different time points. RESULTS Our results clearly show that melatonin decreases UVA-induced oxidative/nitrosative stress damage in HDFs. It also suppresses phosphorylation of EGFR, activation of MAPK/AP-1 signal transduction pathway and production of matrix metalloproteinases in a time-dependent manner. CONCLUSION Melatonin can be used as a protective agent for skin damage against intracellular detrimental effects of relatively high dosage of UVA irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Semra Koçtürk
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Mehtap Yüksel Egrilmez
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Şebnem Aktan
- Department of Dermatological and Venereal Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Gülgün Oktay
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Halil Resmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Hatice Şimşek Keskin
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Belgin Sert Serdar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Tugba Erkmen
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Gül Güner Akdogan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey.,Faculty of Medicine, Izmir University of Economics, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Şebnem Özkan
- Department of Dermatological and Venereal Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey
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91
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Ronkina N, Schuster-Gossler K, Hansmann F, Kunze-Schumacher H, Sandrock I, Yakovleva T, Lafera J, Baumgärtner W, Krueger A, Prinz I, Gossler A, Kotlyarov A, Gaestel M. Germ Line Deletion Reveals a Nonessential Role of Atypical Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 6/Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase 3. Mol Cell Biol 2019; 39:e00516-18. [PMID: 30642948 DOI: 10.1128/MCB.00516-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 6/extracellular signal-regulated kinase 3 (MAPK6/ERK3) is an atypical member of the MAPKs. An essential role has been suggested by the perinatal lethal phenotype of ERK3 knockout mice carrying a lacZ insertion in exon 2 due to pulmonary dysfunction and by defects in function, activation, and positive selection of T cells. To study the role of ERK3 in vivo, we generated mice carrying a conditional Erk3 allele with exon 3 flanked by loxP sites. Loss of ERK3 protein was validated after deletion of Erk3 in the female germ line using zona pellucida 3 (Zp3)-cre and a clear reduction of the protein kinase MK5 is detected, providing the first evidence for the existence of the ERK3/MK5 signaling complex in vivo In contrast to the previously reported Erk3 knockout phenotype, these mice are viable and fertile and do not display pulmonary hypoplasia, acute respiratory failure, abnormal T-cell development, reduction of thymocyte numbers, or altered T-cell selection. Hence, ERK3 is dispensable for pulmonary and T-cell functions. The perinatal lethality and lung and T-cell defects of the previous ERK3 knockout mice are likely due to ERK3-unrelated effects of the inserted lacZ-neomycin resistance cassette. The knockout mouse of the closely related atypical MAPK ERK4/MAPK4 is also normal, suggesting redundant functions of both protein kinases.
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92
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Hong B, Zhou J, Ma K, Zhang J, Xie H, Zhang K, Li L, Cai L, Zhang N, Zhang Z, Gong K. TRIB3 Promotes the Proliferation and Invasion of Renal Cell Carcinoma Cells via Activating MAPK Signaling Pathway. Int J Biol Sci 2019; 15:587-597. [PMID: 30745845 PMCID: PMC6367588 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.29737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Tribbles pseudokinase 3 (TRIB3) is a member of the mammalian pseudokinase tribbles family and is involved in multiple biological processes. However, the role of TRIB3 in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the biological functions of TRIB3 in RCC and explore its underlying mechanisms. TRIB3 expression and its correlation with clinicopathological features was evaluated in 123 patients with RCC. A series of cytological experiments were performed to clarify the biological functions of TRIB3, and potential molecular regulatory mechanisms were explored using transcriptome sequencing. TRIB3 expression was significantly elevated in RCC tissues compared to that in paracancerous tissues, and high expression of TRIB3 was correlated with both advanced tumor stage and unfavorable prognosis. TRIB3 knockdown markedly inhibited RCC cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Furthermore, overexpression of TRIB3 promoted RCC cell proliferation, migration, invasion and xenograft tumor growth. Notably, TRIB3 expression was modulated by hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), which enhanced cell viability and invasiveness via targeting the MAPK signaling pathway. This study reveals the potential oncogenic role of TRIB3 in RCC pathogenesis and illustrates the mechanisms underlying TRIB3-mediated tumor progression, providing new insight into the development of TRIB3 as a tumor biomarker and therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoan Hong
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,Hereditary Kidney Cancer Research Center, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing 100034, P.R. China
| | - Jingcheng Zhou
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,Hereditary Kidney Cancer Research Center, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing 100034, P.R. China
| | - Kaifang Ma
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,Hereditary Kidney Cancer Research Center, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing 100034, P.R. China
| | - Jiufeng Zhang
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,Hereditary Kidney Cancer Research Center, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing 100034, P.R. China
| | - Haibiao Xie
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,Hereditary Kidney Cancer Research Center, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing 100034, P.R. China
| | - Kenan Zhang
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,Hereditary Kidney Cancer Research Center, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing 100034, P.R. China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,Hereditary Kidney Cancer Research Center, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing 100034, P.R. China
| | - Lin Cai
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,Hereditary Kidney Cancer Research Center, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing 100034, P.R. China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Urology, Beijing Cancer Hospital, Beijing 100142, P.R. China.,Beijing Institute for Cancer Research, Beijing 100142, P.R. China
| | - Zhongyuan Zhang
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,Hereditary Kidney Cancer Research Center, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing 100034, P.R. China
| | - Kan Gong
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,Hereditary Kidney Cancer Research Center, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.,National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing 100034, P.R. China
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93
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Paardekooper LM, Bendix MB, Ottria A, de Haer LW, Ter Beest M, Radstake TRDJ, Marut W, van den Bogaart G. Hypoxia potentiates monocyte-derived dendritic cells for release of tumor necrosis factor α via MAP3K8. Biosci Rep 2018; 38:BSR20182019. [PMID: 30463908 DOI: 10.1042/BSR20182019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) constantly sample peripheral tissues for antigens, which are subsequently ingested to derive peptides for presentation to T cells in lymph nodes. To do so, DCs have to traverse many different tissues with varying oxygen tensions. Additionally, DCs are often exposed to low oxygen tensions in tumors, where vascularization is lacking, as well as in inflammatory foci, where oxygen is rapidly consumed by inflammatory cells during the respiratory burst. DCs respond to oxygen levels to tailor immune responses to such low-oxygen environments. In the present study, we identified a mechanism of hypoxia-mediated potentiation of release of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), a pro-inflammatory cytokine with important roles in both anti-cancer immunity and autoimmune disease. We show in human monocyte-derived DCs (moDCs) that this potentiation is controlled exclusively via the p38/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. We identified MAPK kinase kinase 8 (MAP3K8) as a target gene of hypoxia-induced factor (HIF), a transcription factor controlled by oxygen tension, upstream of the p38/MAPK pathway. Hypoxia increased expression of MAP3K8 concomitant with the potentiation of TNF-α secretion. This potentiation was no longer observed upon siRNA silencing of MAP3K8 or with a small molecule inhibitor of this kinase, and this also decreased p38/MAPK phosphorylation. However, expression of DC maturation markers CD83, CD86, and HLA-DR were not changed by hypoxia. Since DCs play an important role in controlling T-cell activation and differentiation, our results provide novel insight in understanding T-cell responses in inflammation, cancer, autoimmune disease and other diseases where hypoxia is involved.
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94
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Liu F, Feng XX, Zhu SL, Huang HY, Chen YD, Pan YF, June RR, Zheng SG, Huang JL. Sonic Hedgehog Signaling Pathway Mediates Proliferation and Migration of Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes in Rheumatoid Arthritis via MAPK/ERK Signaling Pathway. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2847. [PMID: 30568656 PMCID: PMC6290332 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) are the major effector cells that lead to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovitis and joint destruction. Our previous studies showed that Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) signaling pathway is involved in aberrant activation of RA-FLSs and inhibition of SHH pathway decreases proliferation and migration of RA-FLSs. The objective of this study was to investigate if the SHH pathway mediates proliferation and migration of RA-FLSs via the mitogen-activated protein kinases/extracellular signal-regulated kinases (MAPK/ERK) signaling pathway. SHH signaling was studied by using SHH agonist (Purmorphamine) and antagonist (Cyclopamine) targeting the Smoothened (SMO) in FLSs. U0126-EtOH was used to inhibit the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway. The phosphorylation of ERK 1/2 (p-ERKl/2) was examined by western blot. Cell viability was detected using cell proliferation and cytotoxicity kit-8 (CCK8), and cell cycle distribution and proliferating cells were evaluated by the flow cytometry. Cell migration was examined by Transwell assay. Results showed that, compared with the control group, Purmorphamine increased the levels of p-ERK1/2 in concentration-and time-dependent manners (P < 0.01). Co-treated with Purmorphamine and U0126-EtOH or Cyclopamine both decreased the levels of p-ERK1/2 (P < 0.05). RA-FLSs treated with Purmorphamine resulted in alteration of cell cycle distribution, increasing of proliferating cells, cell viability, and migration cells compared to controls (P < 0.01). However, the above phenomenon can be abolished by U0126-EtOH (P < 0.05). The findings suggest that SHH signaling pathway mediates proliferation and migration of RA-FLSs via MAPK/ERK pathway and may contribute to progression of RA. Targeting SHH signaling may have a therapeutic potential in patients with RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Xue Feng
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shang Ling Zhu
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Yu Huang
- Faculty of Arts and Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ying Di Chen
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun Feng Pan
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rayford R June
- Division of Rheumatology, Milton S. Hershey Medical College at Penn State University, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Song Guo Zheng
- Division of Rheumatology, Milton S. Hershey Medical College at Penn State University, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Jian Lin Huang
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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95
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Li Z, Liu X, Tian F, Li J, Wang Q, Gu C. MKP2 inhibits TGF-β1-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in renal tubular epithelial cells through a JNK-dependent pathway. Clin Sci (Lond) 2018; 132:2339-2355. [PMID: 30322849 DOI: 10.1042/cs20180602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a phenotypic conversion that plays a crucial role in renal fibrosis leading to chronic renal failure. Mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase 2 (MKP2) is a member of the dual-specificity MKPs that regulate the MAP kinase pathway involved in transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-induced EMT. However, the function of MKP2 in the regulation of EMT and the underlying mechanisms are still largely unknown. In the present study, we detected the expression of MKP2 in an animal model of renal fibrosis and evaluated the potential role of MKP2 in tubular EMT induced by TGF-β1. We found that the expression of MKP2 was up-regulated in the tubular epithelial of unilateral ureter obstruction rats. Meanwhile, we also demonstrated that TGF-β1 up-regulated MKP2 expression in NRK-52E cells during their EMT phenotype acquisition. Importantly, overexpression of MKP2 inhibited c-Jun amino terminal kinase (JNK) signaling and partially reversed EMT induced by TGF-β1. Moreover, reducing MKP2 expression enhanced JNK phosphorylation, promoted the E-cadherin suppression and induced α-SMA expression and fibronectin secretion in response to TGF-β1, which could be rescued by a JNK inhibitor. These results provide the first evidence that MKP2 is a negative feedback molecule induced by TGF-β1, and MKP2 overexpression inhibits TGF-β1-induced EMT through the JNK signaling pathway. MKP2 could be a promising target to be used in gene therapy for renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Li
- Department of Nephrology, Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xianghua Liu
- Pathological Experiment Center, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fengyan Tian
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ji Li
- Pediatric Urology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qingwei Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chaohui Gu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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96
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de Matos MA, Vieira DV, Pinhal KC, Lopes JF, Dias-Peixoto MF, Pauli JR, de Castro Magalhães F, Little JP, Rocha-Vieira E, Amorim FT. High-Intensity Interval Training Improves Markers of Oxidative Metabolism in Skeletal Muscle of Individuals With Obesity and Insulin Resistance. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1451. [PMID: 30429793 PMCID: PMC6220130 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The excess body fat characteristic of obesity is related to various metabolic alterations, which includes insulin resistance (IR). Among the non-pharmacological measures used to improve insulin sensitivity are aerobic physical training, such as high-intensity interval training (HIIT). This study investigated the effects of 8 weeks of HIIT on blood and skeletal muscle markers related to IR and oxidative metabolism in physically inactive individuals with obesity and compared the changes between insulin resistant and non-insulin resistant phenotypes. Methods: Initially to investigate the effect of obesity and IR in the analyzed parameters, insulin-sensitive eutrophic volunteers (CON; n = 9) and obese non-insulin (OB; n = 9) and insulin-resistant (OBR; n = 8) were enrolled. Volunteers with obesity completed 8 weeks of HIIT in a cycle ergometer. Venous blood and vastus lateralis muscle samples were obtained before and after the HIIT. Body composition and peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) were estimated before and after HIIT. Results: HIIT reduced IR assessed by the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in OBR (4.4 ± 1.4 versus 4.1 ± 2.2 μU L−2), but not in OB (HOMA-IR 1.8 ± 0.5 versus 2.3 ± 1.0 μU L−2) volunteers. HIIT increased VO2peak with no change in body fat in both groups. In skeletal muscle, HIIT increased the phosphorylation of IRS (Tyr612), Akt (Ser473), and increased protein content of β-HAD and COX-IV in both groups. There was a reduction in ERK1/2 phosphorylation in OBR after HIIT. Conclusion: Eight weeks of HIIT increased the content of proteins related to oxidative metabolism in skeletal muscle of individuals with obesity, independent of changes total body fat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Aguiar de Matos
- Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Dênia Vargas Vieira
- Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Kaio Cesar Pinhal
- Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Jennifer Freitas Lopes
- Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Marco Fabrício Dias-Peixoto
- Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - José Rodrigo Pauli
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular do Exercício, Faculdade de Ciências Aplicadas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Limeira, Brazil
| | - Flávio de Castro Magalhães
- Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Jonathan P Little
- School of Health and Exercise Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Etel Rocha-Vieira
- Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Fabiano Trigueiro Amorim
- Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil.,Department of Health, Exercise, and Sports Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
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97
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Yan D, Pan X, Yao J, Wang D, Wu X, Chen X, Shi N, Yan H. MAPKs and NF-κB-mediated acrylamide-induced neuropathy in rat striatum and human neuroblastoma cells SY5Y. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:3898-3910. [PMID: 30368882 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Acrylamide (ACR) is a potent neurotoxin that can be produced during high-temperature food processing, but the underlying toxicological mechanism remains unclear. In this study, the detrimental effects of ACR on the striatal dopaminergic neurons and the roles of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) in ACR-induced neuronal apoptosis were investigated. Acute ACR exposure caused dopaminergic neurons loss and apoptosis as revealed by decreased tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive cells and TH protein level and increased terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL)-positive cells in the striatum. ACR-decreased glutathione content, increased levels of malondialdehyde, proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor α, and interleukin 6. In addition, nuclear NF-κB and MAPKs signaling pathway with c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 were activated by ACR. Specific inhibitors were used to explore the roles of MAPKs and NF-κB pathways in ACR-induced apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells. Pretreatment with JNK-specific inhibitors SP600125 markedly upregulated the reduced B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) content and downregulated the increased Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) level and thereby eventually reduced the proportions of early and late apoptotic cells induced by ACR, while p38 suppression by SB202190 only reversed the decrease in Bcl-2 expression. Inhibition of NF-κB by BAY 11-7082 markedly upregulated Bax level and decreased Bcl-2 expression, and eventually increasing the proportions of neuronal apoptosis compared with that in ACR alone. These results suggested that JNK contributed to ACR-induced apoptosis, while NF-κB acted as a protective regulator in response to ACR-induced neuropathy. This study helps to offer a deeper insight into the mechanism of ACR-induced neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Yan
- Department of Health Toxicology, MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoqi Pan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianling Yao
- Department of Health Toxicology, MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dun Wang
- Department of Community Health Service Management Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xu Wu
- Department of Health Toxicology, MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyi Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nian Shi
- Department of Health Toxicology, MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong Yan
- Department of Health Toxicology, MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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98
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Cui Y, Jiang L, Shao Y, Mei L, Tao Y. Anti-alcohol liver disease effect of Gentianae macrophyllae extract through MAPK/JNK/p38 pathway. J Pharm Pharmacol 2018; 71:240-250. [PMID: 30298517 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.13027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The hepatoprotective effect of Gentianae macrophyllae root extract (GME) on alcoholic liver disease (ALD) was evaluated through ethanol induced ALD animal model. METHODS Mice were randomly divided into control normal group (10 mice), ethanol-induced ALD model group (10 mice) and GME plus ethanol group (30 mice). Mice in model group were given intragastric administration with 50% (v/v) ethanol aqueous solution (200 μl for each) once daily for 19 days. Mice in control normal group received equal volumes of water. Mice in GME plus ethanol group were given intragastric administration with 50% (v/v) ethanol aqueous solution (200 μl for each) once daily at 10:00 a.m., after 1 h, mice in GME group sequentially were treated with 20, 40 and 100 mg/kg of GME by gastric gavage for 19 days. the average food and water consumed by the mice in every group were recorded every 2 days and body weight of every mouse in every group was measured every 2 days. KEY FINDINGS Results showed that GME significantly improved alcohol induced liver injury in a dose-dependent manner. The impaired hepatic tissue structure was repaired and the collagen deposition declined after GME administration. Meanwhile, the level of malonaldehyde (MDA), Aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) (indicators of liver damage) in blood serum were significantly controlled by GME with a dose-dependent manner, moreover, body weight and liver index were also improved after administration of GME. Pro-inflammatory cytokines including MCP-1, TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-6 were detected through RT-PCR and ELISA in experiment and GME can significantly inhibit the expression of TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-6 but have no effect on MCP-1. In order to explore the mechanism of GME on ALD, MAPKs pathway was examined and results indicated that GME attenuated ALD through inhibiting the phosphorylation of JNK and P38 and further suppressing the initiation of inflammation. CONCLUSIONS GME attenuated ALD through inhibiting the phosphorylation of JNK and P38 and further suppressing the initiation of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulei Cui
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China.,Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China.,Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research of Qinghai Province, Xining, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China.,Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China.,Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research of Qinghai Province, Xining, China
| | - Yun Shao
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China.,Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China.,Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research of Qinghai Province, Xining, China
| | - Lijuan Mei
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China.,Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China.,Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research of Qinghai Province, Xining, China
| | - Yanduo Tao
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China.,Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China.,Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research of Qinghai Province, Xining, China
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99
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Hendricks AS, Shaltout HA, Westwood BM, Chappell MC, Diz DI. Sex-dependent expression of brain medullary MAP and PI3 kinases in adult sheep with antenatal betamethasone exposure. Clin Sci (Lond) 2018; 132:1953-62. [PMID: 30026259 DOI: 10.1042/CS20180417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Antenatal betamethasone (BM) therapy for women in jeopardy of premature delivery accelerates the lung development in preterm infants and reduces infant mortality rates, but may induce early programming events with chronic cardiovascular consequences. In a sheep model of fetal programming, in utero BM-exposed (BMX) offspring as adults exhibit elevated mean arterial pressure (MAP), decreased baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) for the control of heart rate and insulin resistance accompanied by dysregulation of the brain renin-angiotensin (Ang) system (RAS). However, the status of signaling mechanisms in the brain dorsomedial medulla (DMM) of the BMX sheep that comprise both the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) cellular pathways is unknown. Given the importance of these signaling pathways in the actions of Ang peptides as well as baroreflex function and autonomic integration, we applied both a kinase signaling array and associated individual immunoblots of the dorsomedial brain medulla from adult female and male sheep with antenatal BMX. MAPK and PI3K pathways were altered significantly in the BMX sheep in a sex-dependent manner. A protein array for kinases (PathScan® Intracellular Signaling Array Kit, Cell Signaling) and subsequent verification by immunoblot revealed that within the DMM, female BMX sheep exhibit lower expression of proteins in the PI3K pathway, while male BMX sheep show greater expression of p-MAPK pathway proteins extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2. We conclude that maladaptive changes in these two kinase pathways in the DMM may contribute to the chronic dysregulation of blood pressure in this model of fetal programming.
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100
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Shi JH, Sun SC. Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-Associated Factor Regulation of Nuclear Factor κB and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathways. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1849. [PMID: 30140268 PMCID: PMC6094638 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR)-associated factors (TRAFs) are a family of structurally related proteins that transduces signals from members of TNFR superfamily and various other immune receptors. Major downstream signaling events mediated by the TRAF molecules include activation of the transcription factor nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). In addition, some TRAF family members, particularly TRAF2 and TRAF3, serve as negative regulators of specific signaling pathways, such as the noncanonical NF-κB and proinflammatory toll-like receptor pathways. Thus, TRAFs possess important and complex signaling functions in the immune system and play an important role in regulating immune and inflammatory responses. This review will focus on the role of TRAF proteins in the regulation of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Hong Shi
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Shao-Cong Sun
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
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