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Oh Y, Ahn SY, Hong SP, Bak H, Ahn SK. A case of extragenital chancre on a nipple from a human bite during sexual intercourse. Int J Dermatol 2008; 47:978-80. [PMID: 18318701 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-4632.2008.03617.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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27
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Oladokun R, Brown BJ, Osinusi K, Akingbola TS, Ajayi SO, Omigbodun OO. A case of human bite by an 11-year old HIV positive girl in a paediatrics ward. AFRICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE AND MEDICAL SCIENCES 2008; 37:81-85. [PMID: 18756860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Biting is a possible mode of transmission of HIV infection, though the risk of such transmission is believed to be low. Children infected with HIV are at risk of psychological complications as a result of direct or indirect effects associated with the disease. We report the case of an 11 year old HIV positive girl with clinical stage IV disease, who was involved in multiple disputes while on admission on the ward. During one of the disputes she inflicted a deep bite injury on a 10-year old boy, HIV post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) was commenced 6 hours after the bite and he has remained HIV negative 12 months later. What is peculiar about this case is that the incident occurred in a hospital setting and biting is not usually expected among children of this age. In the era of HIV/AIDS, it is recommended that persons involved in childcare be aware of this potential risk during interactions among children. It is also essential for health care personnel to have sufficient knowledge about PEP in order to reduce the risk of HIV transmission in similar settings. In addition, a multidisciplinary approach to the management of children living with HIV is important in order to identify and address psychosocial factors that may influence symptoms and medical treatment outcome. The risk of transmission of HIV through human bites and the psychosocial impact of the disease on children are also discussed.
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Exposure. Jury to reconsider disease potential from man's bite. AIDS POLICY & LAW 2008; 23:8. [PMID: 18615888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
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Abstract
It has been estimated that at least one half of the population will experience some type of bite in their lifetime. Human bites are the third leading cause of all bites seen in hospital emergency departments after dog and cat bites. Human bites can be the source of exposure to body fluids, transmission of communicable diseases, infections ranging from cellulitis to osteomyelitis, and joint deformity from septic arthritis. Approximately 10-15% of human bites will become infected. In the school setting, a teacher or other staff member can sustain a human bite while trying to protect a student from injury. Often the first responder to this type of incident is the school nurse. The role of the school nurse is to promote early reporting, accurate history taking of the time and mechanism of injury, administering immediate wound care, initiating early referrals to appropriate medical providers, and supporting proactive care in the form of adult hepatitis B immunization.
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Kim JS, Choi TH, Kim NG, Lee KS, Han KH, Son DG, Kim JH, Lee SI, Kang D. The replantation of an amputated tongue by supermicrosurgery. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2007; 60:1152-5. [PMID: 17368124 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2007.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2006] [Revised: 10/02/2006] [Accepted: 01/17/2007] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The tongue has important roles in deglutition, speech, airway protection, taste, and sexual function, and its amputation is very serious. Using supermicrosurgical techniques, we replanted successfully a patient's tongue, the distal part of which had been amputated by the bite of another person, through the anastomosis of a blood vessel that was only 0.7-0.8mm. The result was that the state of the replanted tongue was relatively good both functionally and aesthetically, and the patient was very satisfied.
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Hindman HB, Srikumaran D, Halfpenny C, Hirschbein MJ. Traumatic globe luxation and enucleation caused by a human bite injury. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2007; 23:422-3. [PMID: 17882002 DOI: 10.1097/iop.0b013e3181469411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A 55-year-old woman presented to the emergency room with complete loss of vision in the left eye after being bit in the face by her autistic grandson. She had a small upper eyelid laceration and an anophthalmic socket on the left side. A thorough history revealed that the bite had caused traumatic luxation of her globe, which had allowed the child to transect the optic nerve with his teeth. Careful attention was directed toward the prevention of retrograde infection in this unusual case of traumatic enucleation.
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Staiano J, Graham K. A tooth in the hand is worth a washout in the operating theater. THE JOURNAL OF TRAUMA 2007; 62:1531-2. [PMID: 17563679 DOI: 10.1097/01.ta.0000261348.51768.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
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Al-Ani SA, Tzafetta K, Meigh RE, Platt AJ. The management of human bites with regard to blood-borne viruses. Plast Reconstr Surg 2007; 119:2347-2348. [PMID: 17519774 DOI: 10.1097/01.prs.0000261078.27085.a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Jose RM, Vidyadharan R, Bragg TWH, Roy DK, Erdmann M. Mammalian bite wounds: is primary repair safe? Plast Reconstr Surg 2007; 119:1967-1968. [PMID: 17440403 DOI: 10.1097/01.prs.0000259771.19503.d8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Smoot EC, Choucino CM, Smoot MZ. Assessing risks of human immunodeficiency virus transmission by human bite injuries. Plast Reconstr Surg 2006; 117:2538-9. [PMID: 16773000 DOI: 10.1097/01.prs.0000219991.22903.eb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Yamada H, Kawaguchi K, Tamura K, Sonoyama T, Iida N, Seto K. Facial emphysema caused by cheek bite. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2006; 35:188-9. [PMID: 16278068 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2005.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2004] [Accepted: 07/08/2005] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Biting of the buccal mucosa is very frequent injury, whereas facial emphysema caused by cheek bite is rare. We report a case of facial emphysema causing puffing of the cheek through a self-inflicted bite of the buccal mucosa.
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Henriksson TG, Nettelblad H. Technical refinements in the Washio tempororetroauricular flap in reconstruction of the nasal wing. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 39:295-8. [PMID: 16320406 DOI: 10.1080/02844310410004928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Retroauricular tissue for reconstruction of external nasal defects was described by Washio. We describe our recent experiences in elderly patients, in whom the risk of reconstruction after excision of a malignant growth is high. We present seven reconstructions, six after excision of malignant disease, together with our ideas about how to maximise its possibilities.
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Rittner AV, Fitzpatrick K, Corfield A. Best evidence topic report. Are antibiotics indicated following human bites? Emerg Med J 2005; 22:654. [PMID: 16113192 PMCID: PMC1726930 DOI: 10.1136/emj.2005.028662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
A short cut review was carried out to establish whether antibiotics are indicated for human bites. Eighty nine papers were found using the reported search, of which two represent the best evidence to answer the clinical question. The author, date and country of publication, patient group studied, study type, relevant outcomes, results, and study weaknesses of these best papers are tabulated. Prophylactic antibiotics should be given to all patients with human bites to the hands, feet, and skin overlying joints or cartilaginous structures, and to all patients with bites that penetrate deeper than the epidermal layer.
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Abstract
Serious infections can result from wounds that are caused by bites from animals and humans. Organisms recovered from bite wounds generally originate from the oral cavity of the biting animal, as well as from the patient's skin flora. Anaerobes have been isolated from animal and human bite wound infections, especially those associated with abscess formation. In addition to local wound infections, common complications, such as lymphangitis, septic arthritis, tenosynovitis, and osteomyelitis, and uncommon complications, such as endocarditis, meningitis, brain abscess, and sepsis, may occur. Wound management includes proper local care and, when needed, antimicrobial therapy.
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Rosen T. Penile ulcer from traumatic orogenital contact. Dermatol Online J 2005; 11:18. [PMID: 16150226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Human bite injuries, although less frequent than animal bites, usually stem from aggressive behavior, sports participation, or sexual activity. Human genital bites and similar traumatic events also occur, but are infrequently reported because of embarrassment. A genital ulceration following mild trauma during oral-genital contact is reported and appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic interventions reviewed. The ulcer was infected, as verified by culture, with an aggressive oral flora organism, Eikenella corrodens. The genital ulceration healed following appropriate antibiotic therapy. Treatment of human bites focuses on obtaining an accurate history and salient physical examination, as well as performing early irrigation and debridement. Prophylactic antibiotic treatment and primary closure of bite wounds remain areas of controversy. Because there is an inherent high risk of infection, genital human bite wounds (and similar traumatic events related to orogenital contact) should be managed with prophylactic antibiotic administration.
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Ku ASW, Rodrigo CR, To PCY. Anesthetic Management of a Child With Congenital Insensitivity to Pain With Anhydrosis. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2005; 63:848-51. [PMID: 15944986 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2005.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Wary J, El Fouly PE, Willemart G, Lengelé B. [Extended nasal skin reconstruction with a retroauricular free flap harvested on the superficial temporal pedicle]. ANN CHIR PLAST ESTH 2005; 50:86-91. [PMID: 15695016 DOI: 10.1016/j.anplas.2004.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2004] [Accepted: 10/21/2004] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The microsurgical coverage of large nasal skin avulsion was performed in a 40 years old patient after a human bite. Widely exposing the columelle, the alar cartilages and the distal part of the septum, the defect was covered with a retroauricular free flap harvested on the superficial temporal pedicle and transferred on the upper labial vessels in the nasogenian area. Thanks to its excellent colour and texture match with the nose integuments, this flap enjoyed of an optimal integration in the centrofacial area. Its potential indications, advantages, drawbacks and technical variants are discussed in the present paper.
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Yaqub S, Bjørnholt JV, Hellum KB, Steinbakk M, Enger AE. [Bite wound infections]. TIDSSKRIFT FOR DEN NORSKE LEGEFORENING 2004; 124:3194-6. [PMID: 15608763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The lifetime risk of experiencing a bite wound, human or animal, is approximately 50%, and bite wounds account for approximately 1% of all visits to emergency departments. The majority of bite wounds are inflicted by dogs and cats. MATERIAL AND METHODS A review of the literature on the diagnosis and treatment of bite wound infections is presented. RESULTS The most common pathogens associated with bite wounds are Streptococcus species, Staphylococcus species, Pasteurella multocida, Capnocytophaga canimorsus and anaerobic bacteria. Sporadically other pathogens are isolated from bite wounds. Human bites differ from animal bites by higher prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus and Eikenella corrodens. INTERPRETATION It is important to be aware of the possibility of complicating infections following bite wounds, particularly after cat bites. Phenoxymethyl penicillin should be the drug of choice in treatment of infections associated with cat and dog bites. However, in case of slow recovery or no improvement, simultaneous lymphadenopathy or pneumonia, S. aureus or Francisella tularensis should be suspected; ciprofloxacin is recommended. For human bite infections the recommend treatment is phenoxymethyl penicillin in combination with penicillinase-stable penicillin.
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Kerins M, Greene S, O'Connor N. A human bite to the scrotum: a case report and review of the literature. Eur J Emerg Med 2004; 11:223-4. [PMID: 15249811 DOI: 10.1097/01.mej.0000127652.61705.1d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Human bites to the scrotum are rare and can be associated with a high morbidity rate if poorly managed. We report a case of a human bite to the scrotum that was successfully treated with a 5-day course of antibiotics, surgical debridement and healing by secondary intention.
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Gould GA. Forensic odontology: a global activity. JOURNAL OF THE CALIFORNIA DENTAL ASSOCIATION 2004; 32:410-5. [PMID: 15253463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Forensic odontology is an important and expanding field of dentistry. The application of these forensic techniques in identification, criminal justice and dental liability are being practiced worldwide. In some mass disaster events, notably large commercial aircraft crashes, the traumatic forces are such that fragmentation and conflagration result in only the most durable of human tissues-dentition survive and become a potential source of identification.
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Briden AJ, Povlsen B. Primary repair of a flexor tendon after a human bite. SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY AND HAND SURGERY 2004; 38:62-3. [PMID: 15074728 DOI: 10.1080/02844310310009500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Successful uncomplicated primary closure of a human bite injury of the hand with simultaneous zone II flexor tendon injury has not been previously reported to our knowledge. We report the case of a man who was bitten on his left ring and right middle and index fingers. He was treated with antiseptic lavage, intravenous antibiotics, and operation. He had complete transsection of the flexor digitorum profundus at the middle phalanx. This was repaired primarily and he made a good recovery.
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Clark DC. Common acute hand infections. Am Fam Physician 2003; 68:2167-76. [PMID: 14677662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
Hand infections can result in significant morbidity if not appropriately diagnosed and treated. Host factors, location, and circumstances of the infection are important guides to initial treatment strategies. Many hand infections improve with early splinting, elevation, appropriate antibiotics and, if an abscess is present, incision and drainage. Tetanus prophylaxis is indicated in patients who have at-risk infections. Paronychia, an infection of the epidermis bordering the nail, commonly is precipitated by localized trauma. Treatment consists of incision and drainage, warm-water soaks and, sometimes, oral antibiotics. A felon is an abscess of the distal pulp of the fingertip. An early felon may be amenable to elevation, oral antibiotics, and warm water or saline soaks. A more advanced felon requires incision and drainage. Herpetic whitlow is a painful infection caused by the herpes simplex virus. Early treatment with oral antiviral agents may hasten healing. Pyogenic flexor tenosynovitis and clenched-fist injuries are more serious infections that often require surgical intervention. Pyogenic flexor tenosynovitis is an acute synovial space infection involving a flexor tendon sheath. Treatment consists of parenteral antibiotics and sheath irrigation. A clenched-fist injury usually is the result of an altercation and often involves injury to the extensor tendon, joint capsule, and bone. Wound exploration, copious irrigation, and appropriate antibiotics can prevent undesired outcomes.
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