951
|
Long J, Liang Y. Cerebellar infarction. Analysis of 22 cases. Chin Med J (Engl) 1994; 107:186-8. [PMID: 8088178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Twenty-two cases of cerebellar infarction were diagnosed by clinical findings, computerized tomography (CT), magnetic resonance image (MRI) and autopsy. Most of the infarctions occurred in the territory of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (18/22). The most common and earliest symptoms were dizziness or vertigo (19/22), which occurred repeatedly and were accompanied by nausea and vomiting. The symptoms and signs of cerebellar lesion such as unsteady gait, limb and/or trunk ataxia, dysarthria were also the main clinical manifestations. However, in a number of patients there were no cerebellar symptoms or signs (9/22). Rapid deterioration of consciousness suggested acute compression of the brainstem, where the prognosis would be poor. CT scan made it possible to diagnose cerebellar infarction in the patients. But CT is not a satisfactory instrument in identifying this disease. MRI without bony artifacts from the posterior fossa has much higher resolution and renders the infarction to be visualized earlier. It may be regarded as the most ideal instrument in diagnosing this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Long
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital
| | | |
Collapse
|
952
|
Crowell B, Chowdhury P, Freeman SJ, Lister CJ, Carpenter MP, Henry RG, Janssens RV, Khoo TL, Lauritsen T, Liang Y, Soramel F, Bearden IG. Novel decay modes of high-K isomers: Tunneling in a triaxial landscape. Phys Rev Lett 1994; 72:1164-1167. [PMID: 10056639 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.72.1164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
|
953
|
Jetton TL, Liang Y, Pettepher CC, Zimmerman EC, Cox FG, Horvath K, Matschinsky FM, Magnuson MA. Analysis of upstream glucokinase promoter activity in transgenic mice and identification of glucokinase in rare neuroendocrine cells in the brain and gut. J Biol Chem 1994; 269:3641-54. [PMID: 8106409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A transgene consisting of an upstream glucokinase (GK) promoter fragment linked to coding sequences of the human growth hormone gene was expressed in certain neuroendocrine cells of the pancreas, pituitary, brain, gut, thyroid, and lungs of mice. In pancreas, the transgene was expressed in a nonuniform manner among beta cells and in a variable but substantial fraction of the other islet cell types. In pituitary, it was expressed in corticotropes, and in brain, it was expressed in cells of the medial hypothalamus. Within the gut transgene expression was detected in a subset of enteroendocrine cells of the stomach and duodenal epithelium, some of which also exhibited glucagon-like polypeptide-1 immunoreactivity. In thyroid, transgene expression was observed in C cells of neonatal animals, whereas in the lung, it was expressed among rare endocrine cells of the bronchopulmonary mucosa. RNA polymerase chain reaction analysis of human growth hormone mRNA corroborated the tissue-specific transgene expression pattern. Prompted by the finding of transgene expression in specific neuroendocrine cells, we sought to determine whether GK mRNA and GK itself was also expressed in the brain and gut, tissues not previously associated with the expression of this enzyme. Using rat tissues, GK mRNA was detected by RNA polymerase chain reaction in both the brain and intestine and was localized to specific cells in the hypothalamus and enteric mucosa by in situ hybridization. A high Km glucose phosphorylating activity was detected from isolated rat jejunal enterocytes that displayed a chromatographic elution profile identical to hepatic GK. GK immunoreactivity was detected in cells of the medial hypothalamus with many of the same cells also displaying GLUT2 immunoreactivity. Together, these studies provide evidence for upstream GK promoter activity, GK mRNA, and GK itself in certain neuroendocrine cells outside the pancreatic islet and lead us to suggest that GK may play a broader role in glucose sensing by neuroendocrine cells than was thought previously.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T L Jetton
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
954
|
Pilotte S, Yu C, Jin HQ, Lewis JM, Riedinger LL, Liang Y, Janssens RV, Carpenter MP, Khoo TL, Lauritsen T, Soramel F, Bearden IG, Baktash C, Garrett JD, Johnson NR, Lee IY, McGowan FK. Superdeformed bands in 191Tl. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1994; 49:718-724. [PMID: 9969277 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.49.718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
|
955
|
Reviol W, Riedinger LL, Zhang J, Bingham CR, Mueller WF, Zimmerman BE, Janssens RV, Carpenter MP, Ahmad I, Bearden IG, Henry RG, Khoo TL, Lauritsen T, Liang Y. Prolate collectivity in 187Tl. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1994; 49:R587-R591. [PMID: 9969338 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.49.r587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
|
956
|
Jetton T, Liang Y, Pettepher C, Zimmerman E, Cox F, Horvath K, Matschinsky F, Magnuson M. Analysis of upstream glucokinase promoter activity in transgenic mice and identification of glucokinase in rare neuroendocrine cells in the brain and gut. J Biol Chem 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)41910-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
|
957
|
Li Y, Liang Y, Zheng F, Shong X, Hu Z. Phase transition and particulate growth of laser synthesized ultrafine amorphous silicon nitride powders. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1994. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00626518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
958
|
Liang Y, Dhall S, Lakshmivarahan S. A new class of parallel algorithms for finding connected components on machines with bit-vector operations. Inf Sci (N Y) 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0020-0255(94)90009-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
959
|
Ji X, Ke Y, Ning T, Liang Y, Wang D, Shi G. Effects of sterigmatocystin and T-2 toxin on the induction of unscheduled DNA synthesis in primary cultures of human gastric epithelial cells. Nat Toxins 1994; 2:115-9. [PMID: 8087430 DOI: 10.1002/nt.2620020305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Primary cultures of human gastric epithelial cells were tested for induction of unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) by sterigmatocystin (ST) and T-2 toxin. Autoradiographic results indicated that ST (10(-6)-10(-4)M) induced UDS in the presence of S9 activation system. The repair rates were 24-91% (net grains > or = 3) and 2-71% (net grains > or = 5). T-2 toxin did not induce UDS in this study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X Ji
- Laboratory of Mycotoxicology, Beijing Institute for Cancer Research, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
960
|
Abstract
Proven isogenic capsule-negative derivatives (CP9.29, CP9.108, CP9.137, CP9.171, CP9.443, and CP9.C56), generated from an O4/K54/H5 blood isolate (CP9) of Escherichia coli by IS50L::phoA (TnphoA)-mediated transposon mutagenesis, were used to assess the function of a non-K1 capsule in three animal models. Intraperitoneal injection of CP9 (K54+) into mice resulted in an LD50 at 24 h of 5.5 x 10(6) cfu compared with LD50s of 2.6 x 10(7) cfu and 3.8 x 10(7) cfu for CP9.108 (K54-) and CP9.C56 (K54-) (P < .001). CP9 was cleared less rapidly from the bloodstream, after intravascular injection, than was CP9.108 (P < .01). In the rat granuloma pouch model, CP9 could proliferate from starting inocula as low as 1.0 x 10(3) cfu/mL. In contrast, capsule-deficient derivatives underwent transient log kills with starting inocula as high as 1.0 x 10(6) cfu/mL. Because proven isogenic strains were evaluated, a clear contribution of the K54 capsular polysaccharide to virulence in vivo is demonstrated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T A Russo
- Bacterial Pathogenesis Unit, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
961
|
Waring MP, Fossan DB, Hughes JR, LaFosse DR, Liang Y, Ma R, Vaska P, Paul ES, Forbes SA, Wadsworth R, Clark RM. gamma spectroscopy of 117I: Three structural features. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1993; 48:2629-2639. [PMID: 9969138 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.48.2629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
|
962
|
Matschinsky F, Liang Y, Kesavan P, Wang L, Froguel P, Velho G, Cohen D, Permutt MA, Tanizawa Y, Jetton TL. Glucokinase as pancreatic beta cell glucose sensor and diabetes gene. J Clin Invest 1993; 92:2092-8. [PMID: 8227324 PMCID: PMC288386 DOI: 10.1172/jci116809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- F Matschinsky
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
963
|
Chern Y, Lai HL, Fong JC, Liang Y. Multiple mechanisms for desensitization of A2a adenosine receptor-mediated cAMP elevation in rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells. Mol Pharmacol 1993; 44:950-8. [PMID: 8246918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
To understand the regulation of A2a adenosine receptor (A2a-R) response, we examined the molecular mechanisms underlying the desensitization of A2a response in rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells, which possess an A2a-R identical with the A2a receptor we recently cloned from rat brain. Prolonged exposure of PC12 cells to adenosine agonists significantly inhibited the response of the cells to subsequent stimulation with an A2a-selective adenosine agonist (CGS21680). No significant change in the number of binding sites and affinity for CGS21680 was observed in desensitized cells, nor did we find any significant change in the transcript level of A2a-R in cells pretreated with adenosine agonists. However, the basal adenylyl cyclase activity and the cyclase activities stimulated by adenosine agonists, by GTP gamma S, and by forskolin were reduced in desensitized cells. Prolonged exposure of PC12 cells to dibutyryl-cAMP did not significantly change either the basal or the adenosine agonist-evoked adenylyl cyclase activity. Therefore, elevation of cellular cAMP content is by itself not sufficient to produce the observed reductions of adenylyl cyclase activity with A2a desensitization. Inhibition of adenylyl cyclase activity in desensitized cells occurred after short-term (30 min) incubation with CGS21680 and could be blocked by the adenosine antagonist 8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine. Gs alpha protein levels did not significantly change after a 30-min exposure to CGS21680. In contrast, long-term exposure (12-20 hr) of PC12 cells to adenosine agonists resulted in a slight further reduction of adenylyl cyclase activity and a consistent decline in the Gs alpha protein level. In addition, long-term incubation with adenosine agonists or with forskolin-enhanced phosphodiesterase (PDE) activity in the cytosolic and membrane fractions by 57 +/- 9% and 53 +/- 18%, respectively. Hydrolysis of cAMP was significantly faster in agonist-desensitized cells than in control cells. PDE might therefore play an important role in desensitization of the A2a response in PC12 cells. Polymerase chain reaction-based analysis of the mRNA for A2a-R and A2b-R indicated that both A2a-R and A2b-R were present in PC12 cells; the A2b response was also diminished in A2a-desensitized cells. Our data suggest that inhibition of adenylyl cyclase after short-term agonist treatment, down-regulation of Gs alpha protein level after long-term agonist treatment, and activation of PDE after long-term agonist treatment account for desensitization of the A2a-mediated response in PC12 cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Chern
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
964
|
Rogaev EI, Lukiw WJ, Vaula G, Haines JL, Rogaeva EA, Tsuda T, Alexandrova N, Liang Y, Mortilla M, Amaducci L, Bergamini L, Bruni AC, Foncin JF, Macciardi F, Montesi M, Sorbi S, Rainero I, Pinessi L, Polinsky RJ, Frommelt P, Duara R, Lopez R, Pollen D, Gusella JF, Tanzi R, MacLachlan D, Crapper D, St George-Hyslop PH. Analysis of the c-FOS gene on chromosome 14 and the promoter of the amyloid precursor protein gene in familial Alzheimer's disease. Neurology 1993; 43:2275-9. [PMID: 8232942 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.43.11.2275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The c-FOS gene product, a putative transacting transcriptional regulator of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) gene, is a candidate locus for the familial Alzheimer's disease (FAD) mutation on chromosome 14 (FAD14). In light of this functional relationship, we investigated the nucleotide sequence and segregation of c-FOS and the nucleotide sequence of the 5' APP promoter. Single-stranded conformational polymorphisms (SSCPs) in the c-FOS gene revealed that c-FOS closely cosegregates with the FAD14 gene but does not show allelic association with FAD. A conservative third-position T-->C mutation was demonstrated in exon 2 (codon 84) of c-FOS, and a C-->G substitution was detected at -209 bp in the 5' promoter of APP. Neither were unique to FAD and are unlikely to be pathogenic or secondary modifiers of the FAD phenotype. We conclude that the c-FOS open reading frame is probably not the site of the FAD14 locus, but we cannot exclude the existence of modifier loci on chromosome 21.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E I Rogaev
- Division of Neurology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
965
|
Fong D, Chan MM, Rodriguez R, Chen CC, Liang Y, Littlewood DT, Ford SE. Small subunit ribosomal RNA gene sequence of the parasitic protozoan Haplosporidium nelsoni provides a molecular probe for the oyster MSX disease. Mol Biochem Parasitol 1993; 62:139-42. [PMID: 8114818 DOI: 10.1016/0166-6851(93)90190-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D Fong
- Bureau of Biological Research, Rutgers, State University of New Jersey, Piscataway 08855-1059
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
966
|
Debray ME, Kreiner AJ, Kesque JM, Ozafran M, Romo A, Somacal H, Vazquez ME, Davidson J, Davidson M, Ahn K, Fossan DB, Liang Y, Ma R, Paul ES, Piel WF, Xu N. Near yrast states in doubly odd 214Fr. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1993; 48:2246-2251. [PMID: 9969077 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.48.2246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
|
967
|
Moore EF, Liang Y, Janssens RV, Carpenter MP, Ahmad I, Bearden IG, Daly PJ, Drigert MW, Fornal B, Garg U, Grabowski ZW, Harrington HL, Henry RG, Khoo TL, Lauritsen T, Mayer RH, Nisius D, Reviol W, Sferrazza M. Spectroscopy of the superdeformed band in 196Pb. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1993; 48:2261-2269. [PMID: 9969079 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.48.2261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
|
968
|
Liang Y, Packard WE, Dow JD, Ho H, Lapeyre GJ. Monatomic steps on the InAs(110) surface. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1993; 48:11942-11945. [PMID: 10007537 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.48.11942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
|
969
|
Abstract
The biochemical and antiproliferative effects of two recently developed N-alkylated analogues of naturally-occurring polyamines, N1,N14-diethylhomospermine (DEHSPM) and N1,N11-diethylnorspermine (DENSPM), were investigated in two human transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) lines, T24 and J82. Parallel studies with the ornithine decarboxylase enzyme inhibitor alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) were included for comparison. DENSPM displayed greater antiproliferative activity than DEHSPM in both TCC cell lines. Both analogues were strikingly more potent than DFMO. DEHSPM and DENSPM suppressed the activity of the major biosynthetic enzymes, ornithine decarboxylase and S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase. However, differences in the resulting polyamine depletion suggest that the substantial antiproliferative activity of these analogues may result from mechanisms other than polyamine depletion. The greater polyamine depletion seen with DENSPM is thought to result from its striking induction of spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase. DENSPM is an attractive agent for further preclinical and clinical development, possibly as a chemopreventive agent, in TCC of the bladder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B K Chang
- Medical Research Service, Augusta VA Medical Center, Georgia 30904-6285
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
970
|
Khoo IC, Li H, Liang Y. Self-starting optical phase conjugation in dyed nematic liquid crystals with a stimulated thermal-scattering effect. Opt Lett 1993; 18:1490. [PMID: 19823422 DOI: 10.1364/ol.18.001490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
|
971
|
Chang C, Liang Y, Avilés G, Schmidt E, Peng SM. Hydrogen-bonding to M-O2 and M = O in porphyrin models equipped with an intramolecular carboxyl group. J Inorg Biochem 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/0162-0134(93)85320-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
972
|
Nisius D, Fornal B, Bearden IG, Broda R, Mayer RH, Grabowski ZW, Daly PJ, Davids CN, Ahmad I, Back BB, Bindra K, Carpenter MP, Chung W, Henderson D, Henry RG, Janssens RV, Khoo TL, Lauritsen T, Liang Y, Soramel F, Ramayya AV. Yrast isomers in exotic N=81 nucleus 151Yb studied using a fragment mass analyzer. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1993; 47:1929-1932. [PMID: 9968646 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.47.1929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
|
973
|
Tupler R, Rogaeva E, Vaula G, Mortilla M, Lukiw W, Liang Y, Hancock R, Rogaev E, St George-Hyslop P. A highly informative microsatellite repeat polymorphism in intron 1 of the human amyloid precursor protein (APP) gene. Hum Mol Genet 1993; 2:620. [PMID: 8518820 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/2.5.620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R Tupler
- Department of Medicine and Neurology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
974
|
Plompen AJ, Harakeh MN, Hesselink WH, Kalantar-Nayestanaki N, Janssens RV, Ahmad I, Bearden IG, Carpenter MP, Khoo TL, Lauritsen T, Liang Y, Garg U, Reviol W, Ye D. Lack of evidence for a superdeformed band in 192Pb. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1993; 47:2378-2381. [PMID: 9968698 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.47.2378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
|
975
|
Abstract
We measured femoral anteversion by the Kingsley-Olmsted method in 24 unpaired, dry femurs. When the head and neck of the same femurs were measured by computed tomography (CT) scan, measurement was 5 degrees less than the Kingsley-Olmsted method, whereas ultrasound of the head and neck was 5 degrees higher. An anterior flat plane was also defined to help measure anteversion in patients with a high neck shaft angle. Physical and ultrasound measurement correlated well with the previous measurement by the Kingsley-Olmsted method and CT scan of anteversion. Although measurement by CT scan and ultrasound are different their results are both reproducible and measure the same parameters; however, ultrasound measurement yields a number approximately 10 degrees higher.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Miller
- Alfred I. duPont Institute, Wilmington, DE 19899
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
976
|
Wong L, Liang Y, Jiang L, Tsuda T, Fong Q, Galway G, Alexandrova N, Rogaeva E, Lukiw W, Smith J. Mutation of the gene for the human lysosomal serine protease cathepsin G is not the cause of aberrant APP processing in familial Alzheimer disease. Neurosci Lett 1993; 152:96-8. [PMID: 8515885 DOI: 10.1016/0304-3940(93)90492-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Recent genetic linkage studies have implicated a gene on chromosome 14 in the pathogenesis of FAD. The identity of this gene remains unknown but it has been speculated that it may be involved in the cellular processing of the amyloid precursor protein (APP). We have analyzed the nucleotide sequence of the entire open reading frame of the cathepsin G gene located on chromosome 14q. No mutations were observed, suggesting that defects in this lysosomal protease are not responsible for aberrant accumulation of proteolytic products of APP in FAD brain tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Wong
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ont., Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
977
|
Hughes JR, Liang Y, Janssens RV, Kuhnert A, Becker JA, Ahmad I, Bearden IG, Brinkman MJ, Burde J, Carpenter MP, Cizewski JA, Daly PJ, Deleplanque MA, Diamond RM, Draper JE, Duyar C, Fornal B, Garg U, Grabowski ZW, Henry EA, Henry RG, Hesselink W, Kalantar-Nayestanaki N, Kelly WH, Khoo TL, Lauritsen T, Mayer RH, Nissius D, Oliveira JR, Plompen AJ, Reviol W, Rubel E, Soramel F, Stephens FS, Stoyer MA, Vo D, Wang TF. Collective oblate bands in 196Pb. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1993; 47:R1337-R1341. [PMID: 9968633 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.47.r1337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
|
978
|
Tang D, Qu G, Pang X, Lang Y, Liang Y, Yu Y, Zeng Y, Shao Y. Surveillance and care of four Chinese hemophiliacs with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Chin Med Sci J 1993; 8:41-3. [PMID: 8274721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Four Chinese hemophiliacs with HIV infection have been followed up in Zhejiang Province since 1985. A plan for optimal care of HIV seropositive patients was proposed, including surveillance and care; clinical follow-up and preventive education of asymptomatic HIV seropositive patients; keeping the disease confidential so as not to stir up unnecessary social unease; propaganda and health education about acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS); treatment with traditional Chinese medicines; and regular surveillance of family members and medical personnel. This plan is regarded as feasible and effective for the prevention and control of AIDS in China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Tang
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang Medical University, Hangzhou
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
979
|
Liang Y, Forsgren S, Franzén L, Gustafsson H, Henriksson R. Time and dose-related changes in the expression of neuropeptides in salivary glands in response to ionsing irradiation. Eur J Cancer 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/0959-8049(93)91834-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
980
|
Liang Y, Carpenter MP, Janssens RV, Ahmad I, Henry RG, Khoo TL, Lauritsen T, Soramel F, Pilotte S, Lewis JM, Riedinger LL, Yu C, Garg U, Reviol W, Bearden IG. Double blocking in the superdeformed 192Tl nucleus. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1992; 46:R2136-R2139. [PMID: 9968402 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.46.r2136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
|
981
|
Rogaev E, Rogaeva E, Lukiw WJ, Vaula G, Liang Y, Hancock R, McLachlan DC, St George-Hyslop PH. An informative microsatellite repeat polymorphism in the human neurofilament light polypeptide (NEFL) gene. Hum Mol Genet 1992; 1:781. [PMID: 1302625 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/1.9.781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- E Rogaev
- Department of Medicine and Neurology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
982
|
St George-Hyslop P, Haines J, Rogaev E, Mortilla M, Vaula G, Pericak-Vance M, Foncin JF, Montesi M, Bruni A, Sorbi S, Rainero I, Pinessi L, Pollen D, Polinsky R, Nee L, Kennedy J, Macciardi F, Rogaeva E, Liang Y, Alexandrova N, Lukiw W, Schlumpf K, Tanzi R, Tsuda T, Farrer L, Cantu JM, Duara R, Amaducci L, Bergamini L, Gusella J, Roses A, Crapper McLachlan D. Genetic evidence for a novel familial Alzheimer's disease locus on chromosome 14. Nat Genet 1992; 2:330-4. [PMID: 1303289 DOI: 10.1038/ng1292-330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 302] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Familial Alzheimer's disease (FAD) has been shown to be genetically heterogeneous, with a very small proportion of early onset pedigrees being associated with mutations in the amyloid precursor protein (APP) gene on chromosome 21, and some late onset pedigrees showing associations with markers on chromosome 19. We now provide evidence for a major early onset FAD locus on the long arm of chromosome 14 near the markers D14S43 and D14S53 (multipoint lod score z = 23.4) and suggest that the inheritance of FAD may be more complex than had initially been suspected.
Collapse
|
983
|
Wang Y, Wu L, Wu DZ, Jiang F, Luo T, Sheng S, Li Z, Liang Y. Visual functions and trace element metabolism in tobacco-toxic optic neuropathy. Yan Ke Xue Bao 1992; 8:131-7. [PMID: 1303871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Visual functions and nutrition metabolic characteristics were studied in 8 subjects (16 eyes) with tobacco-toxic optic neuropathy (TTON). Their visual functions tested by psychophysical and electrophysiologic methods showed that 1: 1. central vision diminished in 16 eyes, 2. dyschromatopsias were found in 14 tested eyes, 3. bilateral symmetrical central or cecocentral scotomas were the visual field characteristics in all cases, 4. PVEP were severe abnormal in 3 spatial frequencies in all cases and 56.3% of 15' checkboard PVEP showed flat responses, which indicated the impairment of optic nerve dominated by the central field. However, the preserved visual responses could be obtained by FVEP test in 14 tested eyes even though their visual acuity were between the range of 0.02-0.2 and flat PVEP responses. The II and III wave latencies of primary stage were more prolonged than those of control group (P < 0.01), which further indicated the preferential demyelination corresponding to the papillomacular bundles, 5. ERG showed slightly attenuated amplitudes in 5 of 8 tested eyes, which indicated the secondary and mild retinal lesion. On the other hand, TTON occurred on a background of long-term, heavy smoking, drinking, emaciation and malnutrition bodies with low serum zinc level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Wang
- National Ophthalmological Laboratories, Ministry of Public Health, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
984
|
LaFosse DR, Fossan DB, Hughes JR, Liang Y, Vaska P, Waring MP, Zhang J. New deformed states near the Z=50 closed shell: 51117Sb66. Phys Rev Lett 1992; 69:1332-1335. [PMID: 10047190 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.69.1332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
|
985
|
Tal M, Liang Y, Najafi H, Lodish HF, Matschinsky FM. Expression and function of GLUT-1 and GLUT-2 glucose transporter isoforms in cells of cultured rat pancreatic islets. J Biol Chem 1992; 267:17241-7. [PMID: 1512261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously investigated glucose induction of glucokinase, glucose usage and insulin release in isolated cultured rat pancreatic islets (Liang, Y., Najafit, H., Smith, R. M., Zimmerman, E. C., Magnuson, M. A., Tal, M., and Mastchinsky, F. M. (1992) Diabetes (1992) 41, 792-806). Here we studied the expression and function of GLUT-1 and GLUT-2 glucose transporter isoforms, using the same system, i.e. isolated pancreatic rat islets immediately after isolation or cultured in the presence of 3 or 30 mM glucose for as long as 10 days. We found by immunofluorescence microscopy and Western and Northern blot analysis of islet extracts that GLUT-1 expression was induced in islet beta-cells in tissue culture both with low or high glucose present. The induction of GLUT-1 was specific to beta-cells but was not present in all beta-cells and was not detected in alpha-cells. GLUT-2 expression was also specific for beta-cells and was not observed in all beta-cells. Some beta-cells in culture coexpressed GLUT-1 and GLUT-2. The expression of the two glucose transporters was regulated in the opposite direction in response to glucose concentration in the culture medium. GLUT-1 was more effectively induced when glucose was low, and GLUT-2 expression was more pronounced when glucose was high in the culture media. Another difference between the two glucose transporters was that GLUT-2 expression was increased while GLUT-1 expression was decreased as culturing continued as long as 7 days. Thus, after 7 days of culture GLUT-2 expression in beta-cells was nearly the same at low and high glucose, whereas GLUT-1 was practically absent no matter what the glucose level was. In attempts to correlate GLUT-1 and GLUT-2 expression to beta-cell function glucose uptake and glucose-stimulated insulin release in fresh and cultured islets were measured. In freshly isolated islet glucose uptake was estimated to be 100-fold in excess of actual glucose use. Glucose uptake was reduced by 7-day culture to about one-third of that observed in freshly isolated islets no matter what the glucose concentration of the culture media. We conclude that in the present experimental system GLUT-1 and GLUT-2 expression and function are not closely associated with glucose usage rates or the secretory function of beta-cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Tal
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
986
|
Liang Y, Najafi H, Smith RM, Zimmerman EC, Magnuson MA, Tal M, Matschinsky FM. Concordant glucose induction of glucokinase, glucose usage, and glucose-stimulated insulin release in pancreatic islets maintained in organ culture. Diabetes 1992; 41:792-806. [PMID: 1612193 DOI: 10.2337/diab.41.7.792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Using cultured islets as the experimental system, this study established dosage-response and time-dependency curves of the inductive glucose effect on glucose-stimulated insulin release, glucose usage, and glucokinase activity. Glucose-stimulated insulin release in islets cultured for 1, 2, or 7 days was increased as a function of glucose concentration in the culture medium and as a function of time. Glucose usage in the cultured islets showed a close relationship with glucose concentration in the culture medium at both 2 and 7 days of culture. Glucokinase activity increased in islets cultured for 1, 2, or 7 days as a function of increasing glucose concentrations in the culture medium and as a function of time. The V(max) of glucokinase in islets cultured for 7 days in medium containing 30 mM glucose was twice the value of freshly isolated islets and was almost fivefold higher than that in islets cultured for 7 days in 3 mM glucose. The glucose induction of glucose-stimulated insulin release, of glucose usage, and of glucokinase activity were tightly correlated. The biochemical mechanisms of glucose induction of islet glucokinase were further studied. Immunoblotting with an antibody against C-terminal peptide of glucokinase showed that densities of a 52,000-kD protein band from tissue extracts of islets cultured for 7 days in 3, 12, and 30 mM glucose were 25, 44, and 270% compared with that of extract from freshly isolated islets (100%). RNA blot analysis of glucokinase mRNA demonstrated virtually the same levels in fresh islets and islets after 7 days of culture in 3 or 30 mM glucose. The adaptive response of glucokinase to glucose appears therefore to be occurring at a translational or posttranslational site in cultured islets. These data greatly strengthen the concept that glucose is the regulator that induces the activity of glucokinase, which in turn determines the rate change of glucose usage as well as glucose-stimulated insulin release from beta-cells. Thus, the hypothesis that glucokinase is the glucose sensor of beta-cells is strengthened further.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Liang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
987
|
Mayer RH, Fornal B, Broda R, Bearden IG, Grabowski ZW, Lunardi S, Daly PJ, Lauritsen T, Carpenter MP, Janssens RVF, Khoo TL, Liang Y. New 19/2+ isomers in119Sn,121Sn and123Sn. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01288478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
988
|
Paul ES, Waring MP, Clark RM, Forbes SA, Fossan DB, Hughes JR, LaFosse DR, Liang Y, Ma R, Vaska P, Wadsworth R. Delayed neutron alignment in 117I. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1992; 45:R2531-R2535. [PMID: 9968077 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.45.r2531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
|
989
|
Ruan CC, Liang Y, Liu JL, Tu WS, Liu ZH. Antimutagenic effect of eight natural foods on moldy foods in a high liver cancer incidence area. Mutat Res 1992; 279:35-40. [PMID: 1374530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Ames test procedures were used to test 8 natural food extracts for their antimutagenic activity against the mutagenic activity induced in S. typhimurium strains TA98 and TA100 by aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) or metabolic extracts from A. versicolor or A. ochraceus. The tested substances were extracted repeatedly with acetone. The revertants induced by AFB1, metabolic extracts of A. versicolor or A. ochraceus were significantly decreased when extracts of the 8 natural foods were added to the media. The results showed that these extracts had marked inhibitory effects on the mutagenic activity induced by AFB1 or metabolic extracts of the two molds and also suggested that antimutagenic substances were present in these natural foods. These experiments provide a scientific basis for the study of food substances for the prevention of carcinogenesis. It is considered that these 8 natural food extracts produce marked antimutagenic effects and are practically valuable in the field of chemoprophylaxis of liver cancer in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C C Ruan
- Guangxi Cancer Institute, Nanning, China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
990
|
Hughes JR, Fossan DB, LaFosse DR, Liang Y, Vaska P, Waring MP, Zhang J. Spectroscopy of 123Cs: Configuration dependent crossing frequencies. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1992; 45:2177-2184. [PMID: 9967978 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.45.2177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
|
991
|
|
992
|
Liang Y, Fossan DB, Hughes JR, LaFosse DR, Lauritsen T, Ma R, Paul ES, Vaska P, Waring MP, Xu N. High-spin spectroscopy of 119,121I: Prolate and oblate shape coexistence. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1992; 45:1041-1057. [PMID: 9967855 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.45.1041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
|
993
|
Goodman MM, Kabalka GW, Marks RC, Knapp FF, Lee J, Liang Y. Synthesis and evaluation of radioiodinated 2-(2(RS)-aminopropyl)-5- iodothiophenes as brain imaging agents. J Med Chem 1992; 35:280-5. [PMID: 1732544 DOI: 10.1021/jm00080a012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Methods have been developed for the preparation of 2-(2(RS)-aminopropyl)-5-iodothiophenes. The syntheses and physical properties of 2-(2(RS)-aminopropyl)-5-iodothiophene and N-isopropyl-2-(2(RS)-aminopropyl)-5-iodothiophene are described. The radioiodinated agents are of interest because of the high expected uptake and prolonged brain retention that may result from binding to high-capacity, relatively nonspecific amine binding sites. Radioiodine was introduced into the 5-position of 2-(2(RS)-aminopropyl)-5-iodothiophene and N-isopropyl-2-(2(RS)-aminopropyl)-5-iodothiophene by radioiodination of the corresponding 5-boronic acid or 5-(trimethylstannyl) derivatives. Tissue distribution studies in rats with 2-(2(RS)-aminopropyl)-5-[125I]iodothiophene showed high brain uptake (5 min, 2.77% dose/g; 30 min, 2.51% dose/g) and good brain/blood (B/B) ratios (5 min, 6/1; 30 min 3.8/1. A comparison of the brain uptake of the N-isopropyl derivative with the 2(RS)-aminopropyl analogue demonstrated higher initial brain uptake and brain to blood ratios (5 min, 3.2% dose/g; 10.3/1) but more rapid washout (30 min, 1.37% dose; 2.8/1). These data suggest that radiolabeled 2-(2(RS)-aminopropyl)-5-iodothiophenes are potentially useful agents for cerebral perfusion imaging by single-photon-emission computerized tomography (SPECT).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M M Goodman
- Department of Radiology, University of Tennessee Medical Center, Knoxville
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
994
|
Chang BK, Bergeron RJ, Porter CW, Vinson JR, Liang Y, Libby PR. Regulatory and antiproliferative effects of N-alkylated polyamine analogues in human and hamster pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell lines. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 1992; 30:183-8. [PMID: 1628366 DOI: 10.1007/bf00686309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
N-Alkylated polyamine analogues have been shown to exert antiproliferative effects in several tumor models, with the bis-ethyl derivatives exerting the greatest suppression of polyamines by virtue of down-regulation of the polyamine biosynthetic enzymes. Pancreatic adenocarcinoma presents a challenge both clinically and experimentally due to its inherent resistance to conventional therapy, which results in its having the worst 5-year survival rate of all cancers. We have previously shown that N1,N12-bis(ethyl)spermine (BESPM) is much more potent than the polyamine enzyme inhibitor alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) against pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell lines. In the present study, we compared the biochemical and antiproliferative effects of two N-alkylated polyamine analogues, N1,N14-bis(ethyl)homospermine (BEHSPM) and N1,N11-bis(ethyl)norspermine (BENSPM) in two human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell lines, PANC-1 (poorly differentiated) and BxPC-3 (moderately well-differentiated), and in the WD PaCa (well-differentiated ductal) hamster cell line. BENSPM displayed greater antiproliferative activity in the human pancreatic cancer cell lines, whereas BEHSPM was more potent in the hamster cell line. Both BEHSPM and BENSPM suppress the activity of the major biosynthetic enzymes ornithine decarboxylase and S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase. However, the induction of polyamine depletion in the human cell lines was only modest for BENSPM and minimal for BEHSPM, which suggests that the substantial antiproliferative activity of these analogues may result from mechanisms other than polyamine depletion. The somewhat greater polyamine depletion seen following treatment with BENSPM is thought to result from its striking induction of spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase. The biochemical and antiproliferative activity of BENSPM makes it an attractive agent for further preclinical and clinical development, especially in pancreatic cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B K Chang
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
995
|
Chang BK, Bergeron RJ, Porter CW, Liang Y. Antitumor effects of N-alkylated polyamine analogues in human pancreatic adenocarcinoma models. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 1992; 30:179-82. [PMID: 1628365 DOI: 10.1007/bf00686308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Adenocarcinoma of the pancreas presents a formidable challenge both experimentally and clinically, whereby effective anticancer therapy is lacking. We have recently explored a relatively new class of antitumor agents in pancreatic cancer cell lines and have found the bis-ethyl derivatives of spermine to show considerable promise. In the present paper, we report the results of in vivo studies demonstrating the antitumor activity of two of these N-alkylated analogues, N1,N14-bis(ethyl)homospermine (BEHSPM) and N1,N11-bis(ethyl)norspermine (BENSPM) in athymic (nude) mouse xenografts of two human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell lines, PANC-1 (poorly differentiated) and BxPC-3 (moderately well-differentiated). BENSPM was found to exert greater antitumor activity in vivo than either BEHSPM or other conventional agents, largely because higher doses could be given due to its lower toxicity to mice. BENSPM shows greater activity than any other agent we have thus far tested against our pancreatic-cancer models. Optimal schedules of administration have yet to be determined. Nevertheless, of the analogues tested, BENSPM presently appears to be the analogue of choice for further development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B K Chang
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
996
|
Hughes JR, Fossan DB, LaFosse DR, Liang Y, Vaska P, Waring MP. Alignment effects in odd-mass Cs isotopes: Spectroscopy of 125Cs. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1991; 44:2390-2399. [PMID: 9967669 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.44.2390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
|
997
|
Boden G, Jadali F, White J, Liang Y, Mozzoli M, Chen X, Coleman E, Smith C. Effects of fat on insulin-stimulated carbohydrate metabolism in normal men. J Clin Invest 1991; 88:960-6. [PMID: 1885781 PMCID: PMC295496 DOI: 10.1172/jci115399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 367] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We have examined the onset and duration of the inhibitory effect of an intravenous infusion of lipid/heparin on total body carbohydrate and fat oxidation (by indirect calorimetry) and on glucose disappearance (with 6,6 D2-glucose and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry) in healthy men during euglycemic hyperinsulinemia. Glycogen synthase activity and concentrations of acetyl-CoA, free CoA-SH, citrate, and glucose-6-phosphate were measured in muscle biopsies obtained before and after insulin/lipid and insulin/saline infusions. Lipid increased insulin-inhibited fat oxidation (+40%) and decreased insulin-stimulated carbohydrate oxidation (-63%) within 1 h. These changes were associated with an increase (+489%) in the muscle acetyl-CoA/free CoA-SH ratio. Glucose disappearance did not decrease until 2-4 h later (-55%). This decrease was associated with a decrease in muscle glycogen synthase fractional velocity (-82%). The muscle content of citrate and glucose-6-phosphate did not change. We concluded that, during hyperinsulinemia, lipid promptly replaced carbohydrate as fuel for oxidation in muscle and hours later inhibited glucose uptake, presumably by interfering with muscle glycogen formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Boden
- Division of Endocrinology/Metabolism, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
998
|
Liang Y. [A Chinese family with high prevalence of leukemia]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 1991; 71:428-30, 30. [PMID: 1660760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A family with high prevalence of leukemia in Fujian, China was investigated and followed-up for 10 years. 7 members of the family had leukemia. Chromosome analyses once had found that three normal members in the family had chromosome abnormalities, and leukemia occurred in two of them 5 and 7 years later respectively. Family tree analysis showed that hereditary defects are in the maternal side. The author believes that hereditary defects play an important role in familial leukemia.
Collapse
|
999
|
Liang Y, Fossan DB, Hughes JR, LaFosse DR, Lauritsen T, Ma R, Paul ES, Vaska P, Waring MP, Xu N, Wyss RA. Band termination in 121I. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1991; 44:R578-R581. [PMID: 9967488 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.44.r578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
|
1000
|
Xu N, Beausang CW, Hughes JR, Liang Y, Ma R, Paul ES, Piel WF, Shi S, Fossan DB. High spin states in 141Eu. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1991; 43:2189-2199. [PMID: 9967270 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.43.2189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
|