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Yoshioka‐Maeda K, Fujii H. Household characteristics of persons with complex care needs in the community: A preliminary study. Nurs Open 2021; 8:308-316. [PMID: 33318838 PMCID: PMC7729555 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To identify the characteristics of households of persons with complex care needs and clarify the care period length required to resolve their primary health issues. Design A descriptive cross-sectional study design. Methods We collected registered data and nursing records from 155 households living in City A within the Tokyo Metropolis. They were designated as complex care cases by the home care and life support centre and needed a multidisciplinary approach to care from April 2018-July 2019. Results Most households comprised an elderly with a single adult child (N = 47, 30.3%). Mental illness and economic distress overlapped as the most common issues. The mean length of care period was 147.7 days (SD = 120.6). The log-rank test showed that single persons took significantly less time to resolve their primary health issues than elders with single-child households or single-person <65-year-old households.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hitoshi Fujii
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of NursingMejiro UniversitySaitamaJapan
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102
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LeClair J, Watts T, Zahner S. Nursing strategies for environmental justice: A scoping review. Public Health Nurs 2020; 38:296-308. [PMID: 33210747 DOI: 10.1111/phn.12840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe types of strategic actions nurses take to promote environmental justice (EJ) through research, education, advocacy, and practice (REAP) reported in peer-reviewed literature. DESIGN AND SAMPLE A scoping review of literature was conducted that described EJ nursing strategies and included nurses listed as authors, subjects, partners, or organizational members. The sample consisted of 35 articles, representing 24 primary research studies and 11 nonresearch articles. Data were separately analyzed by research and nonresearch articles for a clearer understanding of evidence-based strategies within domains of REAP. RESULTS Articles in the sample highlighted the importance of authentic community partnership and represented diversity of nursing strategies that addressed a range of environmental exposures and subsequent health and racial inequities. Climate justice, a concept that emerged from the EJ movement and intersects with planetary health, is a recent focus in professional nursing. CONCLUSIONS This scoping review establishes an understanding of the extent of nursing knowledge and research in EJ and lays the groundwork for further research on effective EJ nursing strategies. Community-Based Participatory Research/Participatory Action Research methods are fundamental for EJ research, and further theoretical development is needed to guide evaluation of EJ nursing strategies for education, advocacy, and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica LeClair
- School of Nursing, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Theresa Watts
- Orvis School of Nursing, University of Nevada-Reno, Reno, NV, USA
| | - Susan Zahner
- School of Nursing, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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103
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Lawson LV, Bowie B, Neufeld M. Program evaluation of a recuperative care pilot project. Public Health Nurs 2020; 38:93-97. [PMID: 33190328 PMCID: PMC7983925 DOI: 10.1111/phn.12834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Objective A program evaluation to demonstrate the feasibility of a recuperative care pilot project to address the needs of unhoused individuals. Design The study is a descriptive postprogram evaluation. Sample A total of 73 referrals were made to the project with 23 admissions. Measure Data regarding number and type of referrals for admission, cost of respite care per guest and per day, hospital costs avoided, referrals to community services, and discharge destination were collected. Intervention A case management care model was used. The project staff included a public health nurse and an outreach worker. Results One local hospital accounted for 65% of all admissions. Admitting diagnoses were abscess/wound care (44%) followed by postsurgery recovery (17%). Housing resources (65%) was a common referral with 22% of guests discharged to stable housing. Actual length of stay exceeded the planned length by an average of 24 days. Total cost per guest per day was $157.45 which is an estimated savings to referring acute care facilities of between $18,000 and $48,000 per day. Conclusions The project demonstrated an ability to provide unhoused individuals a place to recuperate following hospitalization in a cost‐effective manner. Challenges and recommendations of the program going forward were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bonnie Bowie
- Seattle University College of Nursing, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Melanie Neufeld
- Lake City Partners to End Homelessness, Seattle Mennonite Church, Seattle, WA, USA
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104
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Jiménez-Mérida MR, Romero-Saldaña M, Molina-Luque R, Molina-Recio G, Meneses-Monroy A, De Diego-Cordero R, Vaquero-Abellán M. Women-centred workplace health promotion interventions: a systematic review. Int Nurs Rev 2020; 68:90-98. [PMID: 33140478 DOI: 10.1111/inr.12637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM To analyse workplace health promotion interventions implemented exclusively for the female population. BACKGROUND The differences in biological, psychological and social characteristics, as well as the type of work carried out by men and women, make it necessary for workplace health promotion to be specific for each group. This study focussed on working women. INTRODUCTION Workplace health promotion interventions are centred on increasing the well-being and health of the employees. Occupational health nurses play an essential role in the implementation of these interventions. METHODS A systematic review was carried out using the MEDLINE and Scopus databases, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. RESULTS Twelve articles met the inclusion criteria. Two lines of interventions were found: (1) promotion of breastfeeding (16.6%) and (2) promotion of physical activity and other healthy lifestyles (83.4%). The interventions studied underlined promoting breastfeeding, preventing a sedentary lifestyle, improving body composition, reducing cardiovascular risk, relieving premenstrual symptoms, time of breastfeeding after returning to work, and showing favourable results. DISCUSSION The lack of studies on the subject and the medium-to-low quality of the articles included in the review have made it difficult to analyse workplace health promotion interventions, making it necessary to continue research in this area. CONCLUSION There are very few occupational health promotion interventions targeting women (1.9%), and the majority of them focus on promoting physical activity. It is worrying that specific aspects of women's health are poorly addressed. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE AND HEALTH POLICY The work of the occupational nurse essentially is to guarantee the health of women in the workplace, being the key figure in the research and development of gender-related policies in the field of public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Jiménez-Mérida
- Nursing, Pharmacology and Physiotherapy Department, Faculty of Medicine, and Nursing, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - M Romero-Saldaña
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy, and Podiatry, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - R Molina-Luque
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy, and Podiatry, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - G Molina-Recio
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy, and Podiatry, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Meneses-Monroy
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy, and Podiatry, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - R De Diego-Cordero
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy, and Podiatry, University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - M Vaquero-Abellán
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy, and Podiatry, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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105
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Bolina AF, Bomfim E, Lopes-Júnior LC. Frontline Nursing Care: The COVID-19 Pandemic and the Brazilian Health System. SAGE Open Nurs 2020; 6:2377960820963771. [PMID: 33415303 PMCID: PMC7774425 DOI: 10.1177/2377960820963771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging and reemerging infectious diseases are constant challenges for global public health. After the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a pandemic on March 11, 2020, the spread of SARS-CoV-2 has been the focus of attention for scientists, governments and populations worldwide. In Brazil, the first case of COVID-19 was identified on February 26 2020, being the first country in Latin America to have affected patients. Almost four months later, more than one million confirmed cases of COVID-19 have been identified in the country, and the virus has spread across all 27 states and is responsible for at least 48,954 deaths until June 19, 2020. In addition, a global outbreak requires the active participation of the nursing workforce in clinical care, education, and sharing of accurate information of public health and policies. This year is particularly important for Nursing, as 2020 is the international year for Nursing and Midwifery Professionals. Nursing professionals corresponds to more than half of the health workforce in the country, being crucial in implementing public health policies and programs. Nurses and frontline health care workers have a critical role in the COVID-19 prevention and response, not only by providing direct assistance to patients and communities, but also in the implementation of health promotion and prevention strategies. Hence, we provide a reflection on the strengths and weaknesses of how the nursing profession is engaged with the COVID-19 response in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emiliana Bomfim
- College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Luís Carlos Lopes-Júnior
- Department of Nursing, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
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106
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Ho KHM, Smith GD. A discursive paper on the importance of health literacy among foreign domestic workers during outbreaks of communicable diseases. J Clin Nurs 2020; 29:4827-4833. [PMID: 32956550 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.15495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
AIM Using an integrated model of health literacy, we discuss the importance of health literacy among foreign domestic workers in the provision of informal caregiving during outbreaks of communicable diseases. COVID-19 pandemic is used as an example. BACKGROUND Adequate health literacy in the population is known to be important for the prevention of communicable diseases. Foreign domestic workers, a group of marginalised caregivers in private households, are generally presumed to have limited health literacy because of numerous socio-cultural disadvantages. To date, there is limited evidence that these informal healthcare providers receive support from community-based nurses. DESIGN A discursive paper. CONCLUSION Foreign domestic workers, with varying levels of health literacy, may be viewed either as a resource to break the chain of infection or as a potential reservoir of communicable diseases in the community. Meanwhile, restrictions imposed in response to diseases transmissions (e.g. stay-at-home measures for COVID-19) may directly exacerbate the social support received by these foreign domestic works and their ability to access health-related information. There are also concerns about their ability to appraise and evaluate information related to communicable diseases at a time when fake news and misinformation are being disseminated through social media. Language and cultural barriers are important issues that need to be addressed to ensure that foreign domestic workers are in a position to follow public health recommendations. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Nurses hold an important position in empowering foreign domestic workers with adequate health literacy, by engaging groups of foreign domestic workers in the community and their consulates in planning educational programmes and effectively disseminating information. At a time of global pandemic, an assessment of the health literacy levels of foreign domestic workers in places like Hong Kong is urgently required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Hok Man Ho
- School of Nursing, Tung Wah College, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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107
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Layton H, Bendo D, Amani B, Bieling PJ, Van Lieshout RJ. Public health nurses' experiences learning and delivering a group cognitive behavioral therapy intervention for postpartum depression. Public Health Nurs 2020; 37:863-870. [PMID: 32924183 DOI: 10.1111/phn.12807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Public Health Nurses (PHNs) often provide support to women with postpartum depression (PPD) in the absence of specialized training. The objective of this study was to explore the experiences of six PHNs who were trained to deliver a group cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) intervention for PPD in the public health setting, and to describe how learning and delivering this intervention affected their professional roles and personal lives. DESIGN This qualitative study employed a phenomenological approach. SAMPLE Six PHNs who completed the CBT training program and delivered at least one CBT group in their community. MEASUREMENTS Individual in-depth interviews were conducted and transcribed verbatim. Transcripts were analyzed according to thematic derivation procedures. RESULTS The themes that emerged from the interviews with the PHNs included: (a) components of the CBT training program that nurses most valued, (b) benefits of training for their professional role as a PHN, (c) implications for practice, and (d) using CBT skills in their personal lives. CONCLUSIONS The provision of CBT training to PHNs may not only positively impact their work with clients with mental illness, but may also have the potential to provide broader clinical and professional benefits for these skilled professionals and their other clients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haley Layton
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniella Bendo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Programs, Kings University College at Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bahar Amani
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter J Bieling
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ryan J Van Lieshout
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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108
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McElroy KG, Stalter AM, Smith SD. Association of Community Health Nursing Educators 2020 Research Priorities and Research in Action Model. Public Health Nurs 2020; 37:909-924. [PMID: 32895997 DOI: 10.1111/phn.12790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Association of Community/Public Health Nurse Educators (ACHNE) Research Priorities Subcommittee presents a report on the state of the science of public health nursing education. DESIGN Whittemore and Knafl's (Journal of Advanced Nursing, 2005, 52, 546) five-step integrative review was used. SAMPLE Fifty-two articles were reviewed. MEASUREMENTS Braun et al's. (Handbook of research methods in health social sciences, 2019, 843) thematic analysis methods were used. RESULTS Four themes emerged: (a) Community/Public Health Nursing Education and teaching strategies/modalities; (b) Clinical teaching and learning partnerships; (c) Environmental health and emergency response; and, (d) Cultural competence and awareness. CONCLUSIONS Themes informed the following research priorities: (a) a need for rigorous scientific studies highlighting the impact and effectiveness of Community/Public Health Nursing Education; (b) a need for evidence on faculty development, support and training related to community/public health activities; (c) a need for evidence on impact of Community/Public Health Nursing teaching on communities and students, and (d) a need for evidence on impact of C/PHNE strategies on long-term student knowledge, attitudes or behavior (competencies). Finally, a Research in Action Model is proposed as a means for continued forward movement of the discipline, connecting the three fundamental driving mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie G McElroy
- University of Maryland School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD, USA
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109
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Gorman G, Diehn A, LeSure N, Real R. To sing the songs of pride: Creating an anthem of inclusion. Public Health Nurs 2020; 38:131-135. [PMID: 32885492 DOI: 10.1111/phn.12785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this season of public health crises and profound social unrest, we can draw inspiration from those who survived hard times and celebrated the American spirit. Here three students in an accelerated nursing program, poised for graduation in the coming year, join their insights and observation on the challenges facing this country with that of the famed troubadour of the Great Depression, Woody Guthrie. As nurses and public health practitioners, we commit to anthems of inclusion and justice for all.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew Diehn
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Naomi LeSure
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Raquel Real
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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110
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Gresh A, LaFave S, Thamilselvan V, Batchelder A, Mermer J, Jacques K, Greensfelder A, Buckley M, Cohen Z, Coy A, Warren N. Service learning in public health nursing education: How COVID-19 accelerated community-academic partnership. Public Health Nurs 2020; 38:248-257. [PMID: 32876353 DOI: 10.1111/phn.12796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Days after COVID-19 physical distancing precautions were implemented, a coalition of community leaders in Baltimore City founded the Baltimore Neighbors Network (BNN), a volunteer network established to provide proactive phone-based support to older adults in Baltimore City. BNN was a community-driven approach aimed at reducing social isolation and improving health equity both during the pandemic and long-term. This paper describes how the Johns Hopkins School of Nursing's (JHUSON) public health nursing clinical faculty and students partnered with BNN to support a community-driven crisis response effort while creatively meeting student learning objectives. While engaging in the work of BNN remotely, nursing students were able to meet competencies across all eight domains of the Quad Council Coalition of Public Health Nursing Organizations. Schools of Nursing throughout the country can use this partnership as a model of a service-learning strategy for public health nursing education during a crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Gresh
- Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sarah LaFave
- Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Veena Thamilselvan
- Johns Hopkins University Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Anne Batchelder
- Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jenna Mermer
- Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Keilah Jacques
- Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Melissa Buckley
- Coppin State University and Healing City Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zeke Cohen
- Healing City Baltimore and Baltimore City Council, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ann Coy
- Healing City Baltimore and Baltimore City Council, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nicole Warren
- Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD, USA
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111
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Gwon SH, Cho YI, Paek S, Ke W. Public health nurses' workforce factors and population health outcomes in the United States. Public Health Nurs 2020; 37:829-836. [PMID: 32869359 DOI: 10.1111/phn.12793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES (a) To examine associations between public health nurse (PHN) workforce factors (PHNs' highest education and PHNs' mean years of employment) and health-risk behaviors (smoking and physical inactivity rates), and (b) to investigate the associations between PHN workforce factors and premature mortality rates across all counties of the United States. DESIGN Secondary analysis. SAMPLE A total of 5,705 PHNs from the 2015 National Nursing Workforce Survey and 2,977 U.S. counties from the 2016 County Health Rankings & Roadmaps data were included. METHODS Multilevel linear regression was used. RESULTS Bachelor's, and master's or doctorate-prepared PHNs accounted for 41.5% and 17.0%, respectively. The mean year of employment among PHNs was 17.3. The percentages of PHNs with bachelor's, master's, and doctoral degrees were significantly associated with decreased physical inactivity rates. The PHNs' mean year of employment was significantly associated with decreased physical inactivity rates and reduced premature age-adjusted mortality rates. CONCLUSIONS The findings indicated that PHNs with higher levels of education and more years of employment were important in improving health outcomes (health-risk behavior and premature mortality). Policymakers need to consider strategies to encourage more PHNs to obtain advanced degrees and to retain PHNs longer in the public health field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok Hyun Gwon
- College of Nursing, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Young Ik Cho
- Joseph J. Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Soonhwa Paek
- Department of Educational Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Weiming Ke
- College of Nursing, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
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112
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Melo P, Sousa MI, Dimande MM, Taboada S, Nogueira MA, Pinto C, Figueiredo MH, Nguyen TH, Martínez-Riera JR. Descriptive Study of Children's Nutritional Status and Identification of Community-Level Nursing Diagnoses in a School Community in Africa. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:E6108. [PMID: 32839373 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17176108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Effectively responding to children’s nutritional status and eating behaviors in Mozambique requires a community-based care approach grounded in sound nursing research that is evidence-based. The Community Assessment, Intervention, and Empowerment Model (MAIEC) is a nursing theoretical model that is based upon clinical decision-making for community health nurses using communities as a unit of care. We used the MAIEC to identify a community-based nursing diagnosis to address children’s nutritional status and eating behaviors in Mozambique. Objectives: (1) to conduct a descriptive study of children’s nutritional status and eating behaviors in a school community in Mavalane, Mozambique, and (2) to identify a community-based nursing diagnosis using the MAIEC clinical decision-making matrix in the same school community. Method: a cross-sectional, quantitative study was conducted to assess the nutritional status of children using anthropometric data, including brachial perimeter and the tricipital skinfold, and standard deviation for the relation of weight–height, in a sample of 227 children. To assess community management of the problem and identify a community-based nursing diagnosis, we surveyed 176 parents/guardians and 49 education professionals, using a questionnaire based on the MAIEC clinical decision matrix as a reference. Results: malnutrition was identified in more than half of the children (51.3%). We also identified a community-based nursing diagnosis of impaired community management related to the promotion of child health and healthy eating evidenced by the lack of community leadership, participation, and processing among more than 70% of the community members (parents/guardians and education professionals). Conclusion: a nursing diagnosis and diagnostic criteria for nutritional status and community management were identified. The need to intervene using a multidisciplinary public health approach is imperative, with the school community as the unit of care. In addition, reliable anthropometric data were identified as important criteria to complement the nursing diagnosis and guide future public health interventions.
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113
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Frie KJ, Prochnow J, Meiers S, Fiedler T, Jones C, Bergen S. The implementation of a dedicated education unit in a public health setting. Public Health Nurs 2020; 37:789-796. [PMID: 32776622 DOI: 10.1111/phn.12786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The dedicated education unit (DEU) is an innovative clinical model that prepares preceptors for success in clinical settings with nursing students. Though the DEU is mostly used in acute-care settings, this project explores the implementation of a DEU in a public health setting. OBJECTIVES Better preparation of public health nurses and social workers as clinical preceptors for nursing students with the implementation of a DEU in a public health setting. DESIGN IRB approved, pre/post survey with participant comments. MEASUREMENTS Clinical Nurse Teacher Survey was assessed pre/post intervention with registered nurses and social work staff (n = 13). Paired t-tests analysis was used to determine significance. The Clinical Learning Environment and Nurse Teacher (CLES+T) scale completed postimplementation by nursing students (n = 8) after the clinical rotation. RESULTS Clinical Nurse Teacher Survey mean scores preintervention was 4.56 and increased postintervention to 4.89, though not statistically significant (p-value .11). CLES+T showing 100% fully agree or agree that the Public Health DEU is an effective learning environment. CONCLUSIONS The DEU model in a public health setting is an opportunity to improve lived clinical experiences of preceptors and nursing students, which may increase nursing students' positive perceptions of, and increase interest in serving as a public health nurse after graduation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn J Frie
- Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, Winona State University, Winona, MN, USA
| | - Jenny Prochnow
- Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, Winona State University, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Sonja Meiers
- Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, Winona State University, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Tammy Fiedler
- Wabasha County Public Health Services, Wabasha, MN, USA
| | - Cynthia Jones
- Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, Winona State University, Winona, MN, USA
| | - Silas Bergen
- Department of Mathematics & Statistics, Winona, MN, USA
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Abstract
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to explore the characteristics of hardcore smokers who were previously hospitalized. Study design: A descriptive qualitative design was used to investigate a sample of 29 male Taiwanese smokers. Methods: Male hardcore smokers were recruited at a hospital in southern Taiwan and their smoking behaviors and attitudes were explored in semistructured interviews. Inclusion criteria were: (1) smoking at least weekly or daily during the past year, (2) 100 cigarettes during the lifetime, (3) persistent smoking, or (4) at least one hospitalization. Audio-recorded interview data were analyzed using content categorization of the responses. Results: Four main themes emerged to describe characteristics of Taiwanese hardcore smokers: (1) physiological and psychological dependence, (2) no motivation to quit despite knowledge of negative health consequences, (3) social interaction and cultural norms, and (4) negative attitudes toward, but compliance with, smoking-free policies. Conclusions: The results can inform public health nurses of characteristics of Taiwanese hardcore smokers, which in turn may develop effective smoking cessation program to increase smoking cessation rate among Taiwanese hardcore smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Wen Huang
- Department of Nursing, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Chieh Hsueh
- b Department of Family Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Wen Li
- c School of Nursing, San Francisco State University, United States
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Holmberg Fagerlund B, Helseth S, Andersen LF, Småstuen MC, Glavin K. The use of a communication tool about diet at the child health centre: A cluster randomized controlled trial. Nurs Open 2020; 7:1217-1232. [PMID: 32587742 PMCID: PMC7308697 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim To investigate the effect of a communication tool about diet used in public health nurse consultations with parents compared with standard consultations concerning the 2-year-old child's diet. Design A cluster randomized controlled trial. Methods Ten municipalities were selected randomly and matched in pairs. In each pair, the control or intervention group was randomly allocated. Parents were recruited to participate from January 2015 to January 2017. In intervention clusters, a communication tool about diet was used to help the parents (N = 140) to focus on a healthy diet for their child. In the control clusters, parents (N = 110) attended standard consultations. The participants completed semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaires at baseline and end point. Results No effect of the intervention was seen on the child's daily intake of vegetables or saturated fat, or body mass index. Significantly fewer parents desired more information about food for toddlers in the intervention than in the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettina Holmberg Fagerlund
- Department of Nursing and Health PromotionFaculty of Health SciencesOsloMet – Oslo Metropolitan UniversityOsloNorway
| | - Sølvi Helseth
- Department of Nursing and Health PromotionFaculty of Health SciencesOsloMet – Oslo Metropolitan UniversityOsloNorway
| | - Lene F. Andersen
- Department of NutritionInstitute of Basic Medical SciencesFaculty of MedicineUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Milada C. Småstuen
- Department of Nursing and Health PromotionFaculty of Health SciencesOsloMet – Oslo Metropolitan UniversityOsloNorway
| | - Kari Glavin
- Department of HealthVID Specialized UniversityOsloNorway
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116
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Melo P, Neves-Amado J, Pereira A, Maciel C, Vieira Pinto T, Cardoso T. Assessing Community Empowerment for an Innovative Epidemiologic Approach. Healthcare (Basel) 2020; 8:E173. [PMID: 32549313 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare8020173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Community empowerment can be a process, but also the result of nursing care. To analyze it as a result there is an instrument that allows to quantify its level in nine domains. According to Melo (2020), health centers can be considered communities, becoming the potential target of community and public health nurses care, especially in the public health unit. One of the main functions of a public health unit is the epidemiological surveillance of the population’s health state. However, traditional epidemiological surveillance is focused on diseases and Melo (2020) proposes a new approach for epidemiology focused on people in what concerns nursing diagnosis. The aim of this research is to identify the level of empowerment of four Portuguese primary healthcare structures, named as ACeS, so as to improve the epidemiological surveillance of nursing diagnoses. As methodology, we developed four focus group with all nursing leaders from all primary care units of the four ACeS, using the Portuguese version of the empowerment assessment rating scale. The results present the level of community empowerment of each ACeS according to the nine domains of the scale. The needs of intervention to improve the ACeS empowerment were also identified in order to develop the epidemiological surveillance of nursing diagnoses.
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Reaves RP, McEwing EM, Matsuda Y, Everett-Thomas R. Using simulation to evaluate exam scores in a public health nursing course. Public Health Nurs 2020; 37:596-601. [PMID: 32462693 DOI: 10.1111/phn.12747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Public health nursing courses typically incorporate clinical components but rarely offer simulation education as part of clinical practice. There is limited research examining the impact of simulation for public health nursing courses on final exam scores. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of simulation training on final exam scores in a public health nursing course. DESIGN Public health scenarios were created to provide hands-on experience in two settings. Home and school environments were used with discussion of students' performance during debriefing. SAMPLE Using a convenience sample, final exam scores were compared between nursing students (n = 79) who participated in a public health nursing simulation and two similar student groups (n = 97) that did not participate in simulation. RESULTS Students with simulation training scored higher in both public health domains (Community Health; Clinical Prevention and Population Health). A significant difference in total mean final scores (p = .04; p = .02) was noted between groups of students with simulation training and those without. CONCLUSION The difference in mean final scores suggests that simulation may be an effective educational modality in preparing students toward their state board or end of semester exams.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Evan M McEwing
- University of Miami School of Nursing & Health Studies, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | - Yui Matsuda
- University of Miami School of Nursing & Health Studies, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | - Ruth Everett-Thomas
- University of Miami School of Nursing & Health Studies, Coral Gables, FL, USA
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118
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Johnson A, Corte C, Culbert G, Finnegan L, Tarlov E, Maskaly J, Lusk B. Possible selves, psychological well-being, and substance use in young men within 12 months post-incarceration. Public Health Nurs 2020; 37:494-503. [PMID: 32374044 DOI: 10.1111/phn.12738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Community reentry post-incarceration is fraught with challenges. The investigators examined the influence of highly personalized goals (possible selves) on psychological well-being, drug use, and hazardous drinking in recently incarcerated young men returning to the community. DESIGN AND SAMPLE In this cross-sectional study, 52 young men released from jail or prison within the past 12 months were recruited from community-based organizations and reentry events. MEASUREMENTS Participants completed open-ended possible selves measure and psychological well-being and substance use questionnaires. RESULTS Possible selves accounted for 19%-31% of the variance in sense of purpose, environmental mastery, and personal growth. Having a feared delinquent possible self was associated with lower sense of purpose. Having many feared possible selves was associated with lower environmental mastery. Having an expected possible self related to interpersonal relationships was associated with higher personal growth and environmental mastery. Men having a feared delinquent possible self or an expected possible self related to material/lifestyle were more likely to use marijuana than men who did not. CONCLUSION The content and number of possible selves may be an important focus for assessment by public health nurses in correctional and community settings serving young men post-incarceration. Longitudinal studies with larger samples are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Johnson
- College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Colleen Corte
- College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Gabriel Culbert
- College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lorna Finnegan
- Marcella Niehoff School of Nursing, Loyola University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Elizabeth Tarlov
- College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jon Maskaly
- University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Brigid Lusk
- College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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119
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Milbrath G, Constance C, Ogendi A, Plews-Ogan J. Comparing Two Early Child Development Assessment Tools in Rural Limpopo, South Africa. BMC Pediatr 2020; 20:197. [PMID: 32380968 PMCID: PMC7204218 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-020-02101-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Providing increased cognitive stimulation or learning opportunities to young children significantly increases cognitive and social-emotional competence later in life. This study aims to determine the acceptability of a pediatric assessment tool to track early child development (ECD) in a rural health district in Limpopo, South Africa. Methods A total of 11 primary health nurses from the region in two focus groups were selected to learn and compare two ECD assessment tools: the Cognitive Adaptive Test/Clinical Linguistic and Auditory Milestone Scale (CAT/CLAMS) and Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ). Data were analyzed using versus coding to compare between the two focus groups and between ASQ and CAT/CLAMS. Results The major categories that emerged from the discussion were current practice, usability, resource management, cultural adaptation, patient and parent factors, and new knowledge. Conclusions This study illustrates the challenges related to adapting and implementing ECD assessment in an environment where ECD is largely unknown by local residents, and differs from the environment in which the tool was initially developed. Further work is needed to develop new tools or alter existing tools that can be adapted to diverse settings and cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwyneth Milbrath
- University of Illinois Chicago College of Nursing, 845 S Damen Ave MC802, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
| | | | | | - James Plews-Ogan
- University of Virginia Children's Hospital, Charlottesville, USA
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120
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Ezhova I, Sayer L, Newland R, Davis N, McLetchie-Holder S, Burrows P, Middleton L, Malone ME. Models and frameworks that enable nurses to develop their public health practice-A scoping study. J Clin Nurs 2020; 29:2150-2160. [PMID: 32246732 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.15267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES This scoping review commissioned by the Public Health England, WHO collaborating Centre, aimed to explore the models and frameworks which enable nurses to develop their public health practice and deliver public health interventions to individuals, families and communities. BACKGROUND There is a plethora of literature regarding the role, activities and scope of practice undertaken by public health nurses across the world. However, only two reviews have explored the models and frameworks used for public health nursing practice. DESIGN The study drew upon an established framework with a narrative review drawing upon five methodological steps. METHODS A search of databases, Medline, PsycINFO, Embase, CINHAL and British Nursing Index, was undertaken. The search took place between April 2018 and June 2018 retrieving 9,513 peer-reviewed articles published from 2008. RESULTS Ninety-five studies were retrieved and analysed thematically. From an initial review of literature, two themes were identified: public health models used in practice and models used in public health education. Within the first theme, three subthemes were emerged: Characteristics of the interventions; Characteristics of the public health nurse; and Lack of measurable health benefits. Within the second theme, three subthemes were identified: Faculty and Students Working Together; The Experiential Academic Approach, and What works in Educating Nurses for Public Health. CONCLUSION The review identified that many models and frameworks are used in practice. However, within public health practice there is a limited evidence base and it fails to demonstrate that the frameworks and models developed for practice result in measurable health benefits on an individual or population level. However, within education innovative models were apparent with collaborative partnerships enabling preregistration nursing students to develop public health nursing competencies. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Innovative approaches to education of preregistration nursing students could point the way forward for the delivery of public health nursing practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivanka Ezhova
- Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Lynn Sayer
- Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Nicola Davis
- Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Patricia Burrows
- Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Laura Middleton
- Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Mary Ellen Malone
- Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, King's College London, London, UK
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121
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Campbell KA, MacKinnon K, Dobbins M, Jack SM. Nurse-Family Partnership and Geography: An Intersectional Perspective. Glob Qual Nurs Res 2020; 7:2333393619900888. [PMID: 32010739 PMCID: PMC6974751 DOI: 10.1177/2333393619900888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nurse-Family Partnership is a targeted public health intervention program designed to improve child and maternal health through nurse home visiting. In the context of a process evaluation, we posed the question: "In what ways do Canadian public health nurses explain their experiences with delivering this program across different geographical environments?" The qualitative methodology of interpretive description guided study decisions and data were collected through 10 focus groups with 50 nurses conducted over 2 years. We applied an intersectionality lens to explore the influence of all types of geography on the delivery of Nurse-Family Partnership. The findings from our analysis suggest that the nature of clients' place and their associated social and physical geography emphasizes inadequacies of organizational and support structures that create health inequities for clients. Geography had a significant impact on program delivery for clients who were living with multiple forms of oppression and it worked to reinforce disadvantage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen A. Campbell
- McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario,
Canada
- Karen A. Campbell, 91 Oakside Dr., Uxbridge, ON,
Canada L9P 2A7.
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122
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Premji SS, Reilly S, Currie G, Dosani A, Oliver LM, Lodha AK, Young M, Hall M, Williamson T. Experiences, mental well-being and community-based care needs of fathers of late preterm infants: A mixed-methods pilot study. Nurs Open 2020; 7:127-136. [PMID: 31871696 PMCID: PMC6917944 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Revised: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims We explore fathers' experience of caring for a late preterm infant including their stressors, needs and corresponding interventions proffered by public health nurses. Design Pilot mixed-methods exploratory sequential design. Methods We collected (a) qualitative data from semi-structured interviews (N = 5) and (b) quantitative data (N = 31) about fathers' levels of stress (Parenting Stress Index), anxiety (Speilberger State-Trait Anxiety) and depression (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale) at 6-8 weeks after birth of their infant. Results Fathers appreciated their infant was born 'early', however, discovered through experience the demands of their infant, which appeared as stress (child and parent domains) and anxiety. Themes: hypervigilance in care explained the fathers' sense of competency and role restriction; infant fatigue and parental feeding elucidated the stressful aspect of father-infant interaction. Unscientific advice from healthcare providers was confusing and frustrating while uncertainty of rehospitalization caused worries, fears or stress. One father experienced depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sandra Reilly
- Faculty of NursingUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada
| | - Genevieve Currie
- School of Nursing and MidwiferyHealth, Community & Education, Mount Royal UniversityCalgaryABCanada
| | - Aliyah Dosani
- School of Nursing and MidwiferyHealth, Community & Education, Mount Royal UniversityCalgaryABCanada
| | | | - Abhay K. Lodha
- Department of Community Health SciencesCumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada
- Division of NeonatologyDepartment of PaediatricsAlberta Health ServicesFoothills Medical CentreCalgaryABCanada
| | - Marilyn Young
- Division of NeonatologyDepartment of PaediatricsAlberta Health ServicesFoothills Medical CentreCalgaryABCanada
- Prenatal & Postpartum ServicesPublic Health Calgary ZoneAlberta Health ServicesCalgaryABCanada
| | - Marc Hall
- Faculty of NursingUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada
| | - Tyler Williamson
- Department of Community Health SciencesCumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada
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123
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García-Camacha A, García-Camacha I, Martínez-Andrés M, Notario-Pacheco B, Rodríguez-Martín B. Pilot testing the effectiveness of the Healthy Ageing Supported by Internet and Community programme for promoting healthy lifestyles for people over 65 years of age. Scand J Caring Sci 2019; 34:636-647. [PMID: 31614020 DOI: 10.1111/scs.12765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Active ageing is associated with physical, social and mental wellbeing, as well as the participation and integration of older people in society. Currently, demographic changes represent a major challenge while reinforcing the need to improve our current understanding of active ageing and promote appropriate interventions suitable for older people. The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the impact of the Healthy Ageing Supported by Internet and Community training programme for acquiring the knowledge and skills necessary for adopting a healthy lifestyle in community-dwelling adults over 65 years of age. This study was conducted between 2015 and 2016 and was based on a convenience sample of individuals who responded to questionnaires. The study participants comprised all those who were included in the training programme (n = 71, 47 mentors and 24 participants in peer groups). The statistical analysis demonstrated the effectiveness of the programme regarding feasibility and expected results (p < 0.05 for most items, individually, as well as for the total scores of each test dimension). The programme was based on peer group training and the use of information and communication technologies and proved to be effective for acquiring the knowledge and skills necessary for adopting a healthy lifestyle. Furthermore, increased health scores were obtained in the physical, mental and social domains. It could also be beneficial for other groups of older people in order to support their integration into society, enhance their social skills and decrease any feelings of loneliness and rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Beatriz Rodríguez-Martín
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Talavera de la Reina (Toledo), Spain.,School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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124
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Langeland IO, Sollesnes R, Nilsen RM, Almenning G, Langeland E. Examining boys' and girls' health-related quality of life from the first to the third year of upper secondary school: A prospective longitudinal study. Nurs Open 2019; 6:1606-1614. [PMID: 31660189 PMCID: PMC6805264 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To examine differences in health-related quality of life between boys and girls in the first and third years of upper secondary school. DESIGN Prospective longitudinal study. METHODS The KIDSCREEN-10 was used to assess health-related quality of life. Differences in health-related quality of life over time were estimated using a linear mixed-effects model for correlated measurements. RESULTS In the first-year boys (N = 168) and girls (N = 228) reported a mean health-related quality of life score of 76.3 (SD 10.7) and 69.8 (SD 11.5), respectively. In the third year, the mean health-related quality of life score for boys and girls was 73.5 (SD 12.4) and 65.7 (SD 13.3), respectively. Boys had a significant decrease in health-related quality of life mean score of -2.6 and girls a significant decrease of -3.8 (p < .001) over the 3-year period. There was no significant difference between boys' and girls' health-related quality of life changes (p = .39).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Oma Langeland
- Department of Health and Caring Science, Faculty of Health and Social SciencesWestern Norway University of Applied SciencesBergenNorway
| | - Ragnhild Sollesnes
- Department of Health and Caring Science, Faculty of Health and Social SciencesWestern Norway University of Applied SciencesBergenNorway
| | - Roy Miodini Nilsen
- Department of Health and Functioning, Faculty of Health and Social SciencesWestern Norway University of Applied SciencesBergenNorway
| | - Grethe Almenning
- Section for Innovation, Health, Children and Youth, Department of Health and CareBergen MunicipalityBergenNorway
| | - Eva Langeland
- Department of Health and Caring Science, Faculty of Health and Social SciencesWestern Norway University of Applied SciencesBergenNorway
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125
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Ristkari T, Mishina K, Lehtola MM, Sourander A, Kurki M. Public health nurses' experiences of assessing disruptive behaviour in children and supporting the use of an Internet-based parent training programme. Scand J Caring Sci 2019; 34:420-427. [PMID: 31487074 PMCID: PMC7328683 DOI: 10.1111/scs.12744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Finland, although families generally receive support from child health clinics, some need more help in dealing with their child's emotions, behaviour and psychosocial development. Public health nurses play a central role in providing vital psychosocial support for families, but they often lack the confidence and competence to tackle mental health problems. AIM To describe how public health nurses used and experienced a working model that combined a psychosocial tool (Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, SDQ) to identify disruptive behaviour in four-year-old children and an Internet-based parent training programme with telephone coaching. METHODS This is a descriptive, cross-sectional survey study. The sample consists of public health nurses (n = 138) who were working in child health clinics in Finland that had used the working model. Statistical data were analysed using SPSS Statistics for Windows. The responses to an open-ended question were analysed using inductive content analysis. RESULTS The experiences about the working model were mainly positive. The public health nurses felt that the psychosocial tool, the SDQ, was easy and suitable to use in child health clinics. The availability of an Internet-based parent training programme provided greater support for parents by overcoming practical barriers. Overall, the working model helped nurses to develop their mental health competencies. CONCLUSION Within primary care, the need to tackle psychosocial problems is increasing, and for this, public health nurses need extra support and tools. It seems that the working model, including the SDQ and the online and telephone coaching programme, worked well in child health clinics. This working model can be used to provide parental support and improve nurses' mental health competencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terja Ristkari
- Department of Child Psychiatry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Kaisa Mishina
- Department of Child Psychiatry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Andre Sourander
- Department of Child Psychiatry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.,INVEST Research Flagship, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Marjo Kurki
- Department of Child Psychiatry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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126
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Shishani K, Graves JM, McGowan P, Lockwood W, Nystrom M, Barbosa-Leiker C. Quit Happens: A community clinic-based, multitiered smoking cessation intervention. Public Health Nurs 2019; 36:813-818. [PMID: 31489706 DOI: 10.1111/phn.12661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the "Quit Happens" program launched to reduce tobacco use in low-income populations in a federally qualified nonprofit health center with clinics in Washington and Idaho. Quit Happens was implemented in 2015 and involved a public health nurse, patient, provider, clinic, health system, and community components. DESIGN AND SAMPLE This smoking cessation program was assessed using a pre-post evaluation design. Nine clinics in a single system of federally qualified nonprofit health centers participated in this program. INTERVENTION The Quit Happens program was implemented across nine clinics in Washington and Idaho. A specialized public health nurse led the tobacco cessation training of all clinic staff and assisted with development of the smoking cessation program. The 5A model was used as the framework for the training. MEASUREMENTS The proportion of patients identifying as a current or former smoker was measured using data extracted from electronic health records. RESULTS Declines in patient reports of currently smoking were observed between 2016 and 2018. The percent of current smokers identified in electronic health records decreased 18.7% and percent of former smokers doubled. CONCLUSION This community-based tobacco cessation program had wide clinic and community support and self-reported smoking behavior declined over time. A public health nurse's leadership in offering training and program development around tobacco cessation to a local community organization can contribute to reductions in smoking rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kawkab Shishani
- College of Nursing, Washington State University, Spokane, USA.,Program of Excellence in Addictions Research, Washington State University, Spokane, USA
| | - Janessa M Graves
- College of Nursing, Washington State University, Spokane, USA.,Program of Excellence in Addictions Research, Washington State University, Spokane, USA
| | | | | | | | - Celestina Barbosa-Leiker
- College of Nursing, Washington State University, Spokane, USA.,Program of Excellence in Addictions Research, Washington State University, Spokane, USA
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127
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Lowenhoff C, Davison-Fischer J, Pike N, Appleton JV. Using the TIDieR checklist to describe health visitor support for mothers with mental health problems: Analysis of a cross-sectional survey. Health Soc Care Community 2019; 27:e824-e836. [PMID: 31293024 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.12790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
At least half of the 20% of mothers who experience mental health problems (MHPs) during pregnancy or after birth are not receiving the help they need that will lead to recovery. In order to identify where improvements need to be made, it is necessary to describe exactly what is being done and the barriers and facilitators that compromise or enhance optimal care. The majority of mothers experience mild to moderate anxiety or depression. The expectation is that primary care professionals, such as health visitors (HVs), can provide the support they need that will lead to recovery. The aim of this study was to explore the views of HVs regarding the content and purpose of an intervention to support mothers with MHPs, described as 'listening visits' (LVs). A link to an online survey was offered to the members and champions of the Institute of Health Visiting (n = 9,474) March-May 2016. The survey was completed by 1,599 (17%) of the target population, of whom 85% were offering LVs. The Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) checklist was used to provide a framework to describe commonalities and variations in practice. There appeared to be a shared understanding of the rationale for LVs but a lack of agreement about what the intervention should be called, the techniques that should be used and the duration, frequency and expected outcomes of the intervention. Contextual factors such as staff shortages; conflicting priorities; the needs and circumstances of mothers; the capability and motivation of HVs; inadequate training and supervision; and the absence of clear guidance contributed to variations in perceptions and practice. There are many ways in which the HV contribution to the assessment and management of mothers with MHPs could be improved. The intervention delivered by HVs needs to be more clearly articulated. The contextual factors influencing competent and consistent practice also need to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Lowenhoff
- Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Institute of Nursing, Midwifery and Allied Health Research, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
- European Academy of Nursing Studies, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Nick Pike
- Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Jane V Appleton
- Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Institute of Nursing, Midwifery and Allied Health Research, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
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Leckey Y, Hickey G, Stokes A, McGilloway S. Parent and facilitator experiences of an intensive parent and infant programme delivered in routine community settings. Prim Health Care Res Dev 2019; 20:e74. [PMID: 31424376 PMCID: PMC6715579 DOI: 10.1017/s146342361900029x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The aims of this study were to (1) assess the initial experiences of parenthood amongst mainly disadvantaged mothers; (2) explore their views on the extent to which they felt they had benefitted (or not) from participating in a newly developed, intensive mother and baby support programme in the community; and (3) explore the perspectives of those who delivered the programme (i.e., facilitators), most of whom were Public Health Nurses (PHNs). BACKGROUND Positive parent-child interactions and appropriate levels of infant stimulation are essential to promoting a child's well-being and laying a foundation in the early years for positive developmental outcomes. It is important, therefore, to examine participants' experiences of community-based, family-focused, early prevention and intervention programmes. METHODS This study was undertaken as part of a larger evaluation of a newly developed parent and infant (PIN) programme which was delivered in two disadvantaged areas in Ireland. One-to-one interviews were conducted with both mothers (n = 22) and facilitators (n = 8) (including three PHNs) plus six focus groups with an additional sub-group of facilitators (n = 17). FINDINGS The collective findings suggest that mothers found the programme helpful in promoting a greater understanding of their infants' behaviour and needs, and in alleviating stress and concerns associated with motherhood. Mothers described feeling more knowledgeable about the importance of regular and appropriate infant interaction to encourage learning and development. Facilitators, specifically PHNs, also reported a greater awareness of the value of infant socioemotional development for their clinical practice and observed greater positive communication between mothers and infants. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that a community-based, intensive mother and baby programme can help to promote parental competence and enhance infant learning and development. Additional benefits in terms of early intervention and positive changes to public health nursing practice are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Leckey
- Currently (and at time of research) Researcher with ENRICH Research Programme, Maynooth University Department of Psychology, Maynooth University, County Kildare, Ireland
| | - Gráinne Hickey
- Currently (and at time of research) Research Programme Manager with ENRICH Research Programme, Maynooth University Department of Psychology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, County Kildare, Ireland
| | - Ann Stokes
- Currently (and at time of research) Postdoctoral Researcher with ENRICH Research Programme, Maynooth University Department of Psychology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, County Kildare, Ireland
| | - Sinéad McGilloway
- Currently (and at time of research) Director of the Centre for Mental Health and Community Research at Maynooth University, Maynooth University Department of Psychology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, County Kildare, Ireland
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129
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Reilly J, Zhu L, Hunt MJO, Hovarter R, Flood MB. Comparison of Rural Childhood BMI Percentiles: Prevalence and Trends in a Midwest County, 2008-2016. J Sch Nurs 2019; 37:298-305. [PMID: 31416395 DOI: 10.1177/1059840519868766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The number of children who are obese and overweight continues as a public health challenge despite decades of research. The purpose of this article is to describe trends in body mass index (BMI) percentile data collected from 11- to 14-year-old school children in 2008-2009 and 2015-2016 in rural Wisconsin. The BMI percentiles from 1,347 students were compared using time, gender, age, and school (public vs. parochial) as predictors. The trend over time indicated a decrease in students of healthy weight and an increase in those overweight or obese. Also noted was a significantly higher proportion of children who were overweight or obese in parochial compared to public schools. Discussed are the observed trends, community-wide initiatives implemented, as well as how schools can employ a more comprehensive approach to childhood obesity that first ensures community readiness and involves school, home, and community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet Reilly
- Nursing and Health Studies, University of Wisconsin-Green Bay, Green Bay, WI, USA
| | - Le Zhu
- Human Biology, University of Wisconsin-Green Bay, Green Bay, WI, USA
| | - Megan J Olson Hunt
- Mathematics and Statistics, University of Wisconsin-Green Bay, Green Bay, WI, USA
| | - Rebecca Hovarter
- Nursing and Health Studies, University of Wisconsin-Green Bay, Green Bay, WI, USA
| | - M Brigid Flood
- Retired from a Wisconsin county health department, WI, USA
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Sanders CJ, Lindenmeyer A, Marriott J. A meta-ethnography of adult smokers' exploring the meanings of tobacco dependency medications adherence behaviours during smoking cessation. J Adv Nurs 2019; 75:3286-3298. [PMID: 31287166 DOI: 10.1111/jan.14146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To synthesize the experiences and adherence of adult smokers' with tobacco dependence medications. DESIGN Meta-ethnography. DATA SOURCES Seven bibliographic databases were systematically searched until April 2016. REVIEW METHODS A standardized appraisal tool evaluated the quality of the selected studies. RESULTS Seven studies met the eligibility criteria. Three major themes described the experiences and adherence of adult smokers' with tobacco dependence medications; the psychosocial context, predilection for willpower and "natural" methods and a tendency to resist medications. CONCLUSION The findings of this meta-ethnography are important to future clinical practice guideline development so health professionals contribute effectively to further reduction in smoking prevalence. Further research is needed to understand resistance to tobacco dependence medications and to inform the design of person-tailored interventions to improve tobacco dependence medication adherence that can be incorporated into smoking cessation interventions. IMPACT Smoking causes more death and disability in the world than any other avoidable factor. Research on smoker perspectives on tobacco dependence medications is sparse. Tobacco dependency is a unique treatment context with specific adherence issues. Smokers are active decision-makers regarding tobacco dependence medications. Inconsistent adherence to tobacco dependency medication regimens was apparent. Implications for health professionals, healthcare policy and clinical practice guidelines regard the structure of consultations with smoking patients. It is critical for all health professionals to assess the person seeking to stop smoking and foresee the possible causes of non-adherence behaviour. Addressing non-adherence will to lead to more effective health communications and positively contribute to quality of smoking cessation care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol Jane Sanders
- College of Medical and Dental Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Antje Lindenmeyer
- Murray Learning Centre, Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - John Marriott
- College of Medical and Dental Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Abstract
Population-based care is an important part of school nursing practice in the 21st century. However, many school nurses may not fully understand what population-based care means. This article outlines what population-based care entails and provides several school nursing examples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Diane Davis
- Faculty, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
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132
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Yoshioka-Maeda K, Shiomi M, Katayama T, Hosoya N, Kuroda M. Effectiveness of an educational program for mid-level Japanese public health nurses to improve program planning competencies: A preliminary randomized control trial. Public Health Nurs 2019; 36:388-400. [PMID: 30723954 DOI: 10.1111/phn.12580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of an education program for mid-level Japanese public health nurses (PHNs) to improve their competencies in program planning, which will fulfill community health needs. DESIGN Randomized control trial. SAMPLE During 2017, 103 PHNs with 5-20 years of PHN work experience in Japan were enrolled and randomly allocated to the intervention (n = 51) or control group (n = 52). MEASUREMENTS The primary outcome measured competency in program planning based on Competency Measurement of Creativity for PHNs (CMC), knowledge, and skills regarding program planning. INTERVENTION Six web-based learning modules followed by two face-to-face group sessions. RESULTS The PHN participants averaged about 12 years of experience. In the intervention group, 25 PHNs completed all modules (49.0%). Post intervention, there were no statistically significant differences among any between-group CMC scores. However, the intervention group's CMC 3 score was significantly higher than that of the control group of ≥12 years of experience. Total knowledge and skill scores also improved significantly in the intervention group compared with the control group. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that PHNs with ≥12 years of experience are a suitable target of this educational program, and should play a key role in program planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Yoshioka-Maeda
- Department of Health Promotion, National Institute of Public Health, Saitama, Japan
| | - Misa Shiomi
- Department of Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Nursing Art and Science, University of Hyogo, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Takafumi Katayama
- Department of Statistic and Computer Science, College of Nursing Art and Science, University of Hyogo, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Noriko Hosoya
- Department of Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing, Chiba Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mariko Kuroda
- Department of Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing, Iwaki Meisei University, Fukushima, Japan
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Holmberg Fagerlund B, Helseth S, Glavin K. Parental experience of counselling about food and feeding practices at the child health centre: A qualitative study. J Clin Nurs 2019; 28:1653-1663. [PMID: 30618063 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.14771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To investigate how parents experience counselling about food and feeding practices and the use of a communication tool about diet at the child health centre. BACKGROUND Food-related counselling is a key element in parents' consultations with public health nurses at child health centres. Public health nurses possess limited strategies and tools for addressing nutritional issues, especially in the context of client diversity. DESIGN An interpretive description approach, fulfilling the COREQ checklist criteria. METHODS Individual interviews performed between January 2017-May 2017 among parents (n = 12) of children (mean age 28 months) who had been exposed to a communication tool about diet, in regular child health centre consultations with their child. These consultations were included in clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov.: Identifier: NCT02266953). RESULTS Counselling using the communication tool about diet was primarily based on the public health nurse presenting images of healthy food choices. After infancy, consultations sometimes became more time-pressured, inhibiting parents from asking questions related to the child's diet. The parents who had questions related to food allergy or breastfeeding of their child sometimes experienced limited support. Some parents felt overwhelmed with information about healthy food choices if their child's diet differed from the recommendations presented. CONCLUSIONS The parents' existing expectations and needs had an impact on their satisfaction in relation to their perceptions of nutritional counselling. The use of the communication tool about diet to promote a two-way dialogue instead of providing one-way dietary information might be particularly useful in consultations for parents who do not follow customary recommendations. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE If the diet of the family differs from what is recommended, parents often experience limited support at the child health centre. Promoting a two-way dialogue in consultations using a communication tool about diet could help parents in their concerns related to feeding their child.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettina Holmberg Fagerlund
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sølvi Helseth
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kari Glavin
- Department of Health, VID Specialized University, Oslo, Norway
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Kadioglu H, Albayrak S, Ergun A, Yurt S, Gur K, Mert K, Erol S, Esin MN. Achieving consensus on the undergraduate curriculum of public health nursing in Turkey. Public Health Nurs 2018; 36:238-244. [PMID: 30536455 DOI: 10.1111/phn.12576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to construct a consensus on the undergraduate learning objectives and topics for public health nursing (PHN) in Turkey. DESIGN A three-round e-mail-based Delphi study was conducted between May and July 2015 with a national sample. SAMPLE Ninety-one academics from 54 universities were invited as experts to participate by e-mail. Fifty-nine academics from 43 universities participated in the study. MEASUREMENTS Data were analyzed by computing the median, quartiles one and three, and the interquartile range for each learning outcome and topic. Consensus was considered as less than the interquartile range of 1.2. RESULTS Experts who participated in the study added 70 learning outcomes, eight main topics, and 278 sub-topics during the first round. Round I generated 170 learning outcomes, 28 main topics, and 385 sub-topics. At the end of Round II, consensus was reached on 126 learning outcomes, 22 main topics and 168 sub-topics. At the end of Round III, consensus was achieved for 126 learning outcomes, 22 main topics, and 169 sub-topics. CONCLUSION The learning outcomes and topics that were decided upon through a consensus process will contribute to the standardization and development of PHN education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasibe Kadioglu
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sevil Albayrak
- Division of Nursing, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Turkey
| | - Ayse Ergun
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Seher Yurt
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Maltepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kamer Gur
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kader Mert
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Bakircay University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Saime Erol
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Melek Nihal Esin
- Department of Community Health Nursing, Florence Nightingale Nursing Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
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135
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Mert K, Aksoy SD. Working with women in Turkey exposed to childhood sexual abuse. Public Health Nurs 2018; 35:517-525. [PMID: 30255518 DOI: 10.1111/phn.12547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sexual abuse of children is an important public health issue. The aim of this study was to provide a multidimensional examination of women over the age of 18 who were exposed to sexual abuse in childhood and the effect of this abuse on their lives. DESIGN AND SAMPLE This qualitative study was conducted over the period June 2015-February 2017. Twenty-three women were gathered by the snowball sampling method. MEASURES We collected the data using a semi-structured questionnaire and in-depth interviews. Content analysis was used in the evaluation of the data. RESULTS We found five themes that participants considered to result from their sexual abuse: emotional effects, sexuality, marriage, academic, and social aspects. CONCLUSION Sexual abuse adversely affected the physical, psychological, and social lives of individuals. Public health nurses play a role in working with women who were exposed to sexual abuse in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kader Mert
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Izmir Bakırçay University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Sena Dilek Aksoy
- Department of Women's Health and Diseases Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
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136
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Foth T, Holmes D. Governing through lifestyle-Lalonde and the biopolitical management of public health in Canada. Nurs Philos 2018; 19:e12222. [PMID: 30203921 DOI: 10.1111/nup.12222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In 1974, the Liberal government of Pierre Trudeau released a "green paper" known as the Lalonde Report, after the health minister at that time. The report formulated perspectives on health and the main concepts and ideas developed in it, particularly the concept of "lifestyle," which became the foundation of public health policies in many different European countries and the United States. The concept of "lifestyle" connected personal behaviour and habits to the individual health condition; people were not dying due to a lack of access to medical care but because they lived a life prone to personal risk taking. Furthermore, what is seldom discussed is that this report not only propagated the (neo)liberal view of citizens as autonomous rational actors (homo oeconomicus), with personal responsibility for their health, but it was a first step in the transformation of Medicare and went far beyond the question of health promotion. Health was no longer something that happened to a person but was created through personal choice and, therefore, one had to assume responsibility for one's behaviour. Using Foucault's definition of government as the "conduct of conduct," we will demonstrate that the Lalonde report must be understood as a specific "technology of government" and contributed to a neoliberal transformation of health care despite the fact that the Canadian system of Medicare was based on the idea of universality, meaning citizens had equal access to health care independent of their socio-economic situation. As we will demonstrate, the Lalonde report undermined this foundation and initiated a profound reorientation, not only of the healthcare system, but even more importantly, it radically changed the way we think about our behaviour around health-related issues. We will also discuss how the making of the report contributed to the redefinition of politics and demonstrated a lack of concern with liberal-democratic decision-making processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Foth
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dave Holmes
- Sue and Bill Gross School of Nursing, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
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137
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Carlos DM, Silva LMP, Beserra MA, Aragão ADS, Gregory A, Ferriani MDGC. Social support network of family members of abused children and adolescents: Perspectives and possibilities. J Clin Nurs 2018; 28:814-827. [PMID: 30184282 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.14665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To analyse the network of care and social support from the perspectives of family members of children and adolescents who have been abused. BACKGROUND The theoretical-methodological background of the ecological model for understanding violence and the Paradigm of Complexity provide a broad perspective of violence. The paradigm considers all aspects that constitute a phenomenon as well as particular features. DESIGN Qualitative research based on the Paradigm of Complexity, developed by Edgar Morin, the primary philosopher. We have adhered to the COREQ Checklist guidelines for qualitative research. METHODS Data were collected through Minimal Maps of Personal Social Networks, and semi-structured interviews were held with 15 families who were assisted by a nongovernmental organisation in a Brazilian city. The notions of comprehension and contextualisation guided the data analysis. RESULTS Two categories emerged from the data analyses: "Social isolation" and "Affective relationships needs." The maps revealed a weakened and limited network with low-density, homogeneous bonds and few significant bonds. Therefore, the network provided predominantly instrumental and material social support with few important effective relationships. The participants disclosed some strategies to empower their lives. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that it is urgent to develop strategies in a broad manner to promote family empowerment, especially on education and employment dimension, and to construct supportive and respectful relationships between services and families as well. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE The present study contributes to international clinical nursing, especially in low- and middle-income countries, by discussing (a) looking at and caring for family members of children and adolescents who have been abused in a contextualised manner; (b) family empowerment, which enables them to have access to healthier environments and to educational/employment opportunities; and (c) broad comprehension of health care among the family members, which provides perspectives not only for looking at violence but also for strengthening supportive social relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Alison Gregory
- Centre for Academic Primary Care, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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138
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Dalla Nora CR. Nurses' practices in the context of primary healthcare in Portugal. J Res Nurs 2018; 23:520-532. [PMID: 34394468 PMCID: PMC7932404 DOI: 10.1177/1744987118788728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to identify and categorise the nursing practices of Portuguese nurses in the context of primary healthcare services. METHODS A scoping review was undertaken using the Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences literature database; Spanish Bibliographic Index of Health Sciences; Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online; Cochrane Library; Scientific Electronic Library Online; El Banco de Datos de Enfermería nursing database; and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature databases. The search strategy included articles of original research, which involved nurses or nursing practices in the context of Portugal's primary healthcare, published in Portuguese, Spanish and/or English. The review involved the analysis of 11 studies published in Latin American, Brazilian and Portuguese journals, therefore all were available in Portuguese, published between 2007 and 2013. RESULTS From the analysis it was possible to establish four categories of primary healthcare nurses' work: technical procedures, health promotion, independent actions, and management and training practices. CONCLUSIONS Primary healthcare nursing in Portugal is challenged in the context of making more effective use of its own competences, investing more in actions of health promotion and disease prevention and less in technical curative procedures, thus contributing to better performance in the Portuguese National Health System.
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139
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Mitchell S, Bungay V, Day CA, Mooney-Somers J. Has the Experience of Hepatitis C Diagnosis Improved Over the Last Decade? An Analysis of Canadian Women's Experiences. Can J Nurs Res 2018; 48:21-28. [PMID: 28841069 DOI: 10.1177/0844562116665477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In Canada, incidents of new hepatitis C virus infections are rising among women aged 15-29 years and now comprise 60% of new infections among this age group. A negative diagnosis experience continues to be a problem affecting women living with hepatitis C virus. With new effective treatments, nurses will have more involvement in hepatitis C virus care and diagnosis, which is a critical time to facilitate appropriate education and management. Purpose This study explored Canadian women's experience of hepatitis C virus diagnosis in order to develop recommendations to improve care at the point of diagnosis. Methods Purposive sampling was used to recruit and interview 25 women. Using narrative inquiry, we examined Canadian women's experience of hepatitis C virus diagnosis. Results Women's diagnosis experiences were shaped by the context of diagnosis, factors prompting the testing, the testing provider, and information/education received. The context of diagnosis foreshadowed how prepared women were for their results, and the absence of accurate information magnified the psychological distress that can follow an hepatitis C virus diagnosis. Conclusion Our findings provide a compelling case for a proactive nursing response, which will improve women's experiences of hepatitis C virus diagnosis and, in turn, enhance women's access to hepatitis C virus care and other healthcare services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandi Mitchell
- 1 School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Vicky Bungay
- 2 Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research Scholar, School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Canada
| | - Carolyn A Day
- 3 Discipline of Addiction Medicine, Central Clinical School (C39), University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Julie Mooney-Somers
- 4 Centre for Values, Ethics and the Law in Medicine, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Australia
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Leonard RA, Linden M, Grant A. Family-Focused Practice for Families Affected by Maternal Mental Illness and Substance Misuse in Home Visiting: A Qualitative Systematic Review. J Fam Nurs 2018; 24:128-155. [PMID: 29683021 DOI: 10.1177/1074840718770612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Maternal mental illness is a major public health issue and can adversely affect the whole family. Increasingly, research and policy are recognizing the benefits of a family-focused approach to practice, an approach that emphasizes the family as the unit of care. This review was conducted with the aim of systematically analyzing the qualitative literature surrounding health visitors' family-focused practice with mothers who have mental illness and/or substance misuse. Through the synthesis, we developed three main findings: (a) parents' needs regarding health visitors' family-focused practice, (b) the ambiguity of mental illness in health visiting, and (c) the challenges of family-focused practice in health visiting. Above all, health visitors, families, and mothers with mental illness experience many challenges in family-focused practice, even though it is both desirable and beneficial. This calls for a deeper understanding of how family-focused practice can be effectively practiced in health visiting.
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141
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Leahy-Warren P, Day MR, Philpott L, Glavin K, Gjevjon ER, Steffenak AKM, Nordhagen LS, Egge H, Healy E, Mulcahy H. A falls case summary: Application of the public health nursing intervention wheel. Public Health Nurs 2018; 35:307-316. [PMID: 29676488 DOI: 10.1111/phn.12408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Public Health Intervention Wheel (PHIW) is a population-based practice model that encompasses three levels of practice (community, systems, and individual/family) and 17 public health interventions. Each intervention and practice level contributes to improving population health. Public health nurses (PHNs) provide care at the three levels of practice. Prevention of falls is a public health issue and the majority of falls happen at home. Therefore, prevention and management of falls in the community could benefit from a public health systems approach by PHNs underpinned by the PHIW. CASE PRESENTATION A hypothetical case is presented of a 78-year-old gentleman who had a fall which resulted in a fractured right acetabulum and surgery before being discharged home. METHODS The aim of this paper was to use a case summary to illustrate PHN practice in the context of the PHIW as applied to falls management and prevention. This paper focuses on fall incidence and PHN response in Ireland and Norway. The PHIW is described and relevant interventions from the PHIW are applied to PHN practice in managing the case. CONCLUSIONS The PHIW model provides insight into the potential scope of public health nursing in falls, articulating PHN practice in the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Leahy-Warren
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Brookfield Health Sciences Complex, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Mary Rose Day
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Brookfield Health Sciences Complex, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Lloyd Philpott
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Brookfield Health Sciences Complex, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Kari Glavin
- Department of Health, Diakonova University College, Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | - Live S Nordhagen
- Department of Health, Diakonova University College, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hilde Egge
- Department of Health, Diakonova University College, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Helen Mulcahy
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Brookfield Health Sciences Complex, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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Salerno JP, McEwing E, Matsuda Y, Gonzalez-Guarda RM, Ogunrinde O, Azaiza M, Williams JR. Evaluation of a nursing student health fair program: Meeting curricular standards and improving community members' health. Public Health Nurs 2018; 35:450-457. [PMID: 29667239 DOI: 10.1111/phn.12402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Public health nursing (PHN) is an essential component of baccalaureate nursing education. In order to build PHN competencies, universities must design and operationalize meaningful clinical activities addressing community and population health. Currently, there is a paucity of literature delineating best practices for promoting competency in PHN. AIMS The purpose of this manuscript is to describe a PHN-student health fair program as a means for meeting undergraduate PHN curricular standards, and to report results of an evaluation conducted examining its effectiveness in improving community member's health knowledge. METHODS Health fairs were held at community agencies that served the homeless or victims of intimate partner violence. A total of 113 community members that attended a health fair were assessed at baseline and immediate posttest using open-ended questionnaires. The design of the health fairs included a community assessment, intervention, and evaluation flow that followed the nursing process. RESULTS We report that results from participants surveyed indicated that PHN-student delivered health fairs improved health knowledge among community members in this sample (p = .000). CONCLUSION Health fairs conducted by PHN students appear to be promising community health promotion and disease prevention interventions that can serve as an effective strategy for teaching PHN student competencies and facilitating engagement with the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- John P Salerno
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Evan McEwing
- School of Nursing and Health Studies, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | - Yui Matsuda
- School of Nursing and Health Studies, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | | | - Olutola Ogunrinde
- School of Nursing and Health Studies, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | - Mona Azaiza
- School of Nursing and Health Studies, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | - Jessica R Williams
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Nursing, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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143
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Williams MV, Chandra A, Spears A, Varda D, Wells KB, Plough AL, Eisenman DP. Evaluating Community Partnerships Addressing Community Resilience in Los Angeles, California. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2018; 15:E610. [PMID: 29584681 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15040610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Community resilience has grown in importance in national disaster response and recovery efforts. However, measurement of community resilience, particularly the content and quality of relationships aimed at improving resilience, is lacking. To address this gap, we used a social network survey to measure the number, type, and quality of relationships among organizations participating in 16 coalitions brought together to address community resilience in the Los Angeles Community Disaster Resilience project. These coalitions were randomized to one of two approaches (community resilience or preparedness). Resilience coalitions received training and support to develop these partnerships and implement new activities. Both coalition types received expert facilitation by a public health nurse or community educator. We also measured the activities each coalition engaged in and the extent to which partners participated in these activities at two time points. We found that the community resilience coalitions were initially larger and had lower trust among members than the preparedness communities. Over time, these trust differences dissipated. While both coalitions grew, the resilience community coalitions maintained their size difference throughout the project. We also found differences in the types of activities implemented by the resilience communities; these differences were directly related to the trainings provided. This information is useful to organizations seeking guidance on expanding the network of community-based organizations that participate in community resilience activities.
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144
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Abstract
AIMS Government programs and the Norwegian Directorate of Health give public health nurses in Norway an explicit role in population-based health promotion and disease-prevention work. The aim of this paper is to explore Norwegian public health nurses' experiences with population-based work. METHODS A phenomenological hermeneutic approach was adopted, involving face-to-face interviews with a purposeful sample of 23 public health nurses from urban and rural districts in two counties in Norway. RESULTS Three themes were identified: the predominance of work at the individual level, a lack of resources, and adherence to administrative directives. The interviews revealed that the public health nurses were mostly occupied with individual problem-solving activities. Population-based work was hardly prioritized, mostly because of a lack of resources and a lack of recognition of the population-based role of public health nurses. CONCLUSIONS The study indicates contradictions between the public health nursing practice related to population-based work and the direction outlined by the government and the public health nursing curriculum, which may mean that the public health nursing role is not sufficiently clarified. The implementation of practice models and administrative directives and resources, as well as an explicit emphasis on population health in public health nursing education, can contribute to increased population-based interventions. Greater knowledge of and emphasis on population-based work in public health nursing are needed.
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145
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McGraw C, Abbott S, Brook J. Innovation in values based public health nursing student selection: A qualitative evaluation of candidate and selection panel member perspectives. Public Health Nurs 2018; 35:344-352. [PMID: 29457256 DOI: 10.1111/phn.12392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Values based recruitment emerges from the premise that a high degree of value congruence, or the extent to which an individual's values are similar to those of the health organization in which they work, leads to organizational effectiveness. The aim of this evaluation was to explore how candidates and selection panel members experienced and perceived innovative methods of values based public health nursing student selection. DESIGN AND SAMPLE The evaluation was framed by a qualitative exploratory design involving semi-structured interviews and a group exercise. Data were thematically analyzed. Eight semi-structured interviews were conducted with selection panel members. Twenty-two successful candidates took part in a group exercise. INTERVENTION The use of photo elicitation interviews and situational judgment questions in the context of selection to a university-run public health nursing educational program was explored. RESULTS While candidates were ambivalent about the use of photo elicitation interviews, with some misunderstanding the task, selection panel members saw the benefits for improving candidate expression and reducing gaming and deception. Situational interview questions were endorsed by candidates and selection panel members due to their fidelity to real-life problems and the ability of panel members to discern value congruence from candidates' responses. CONCLUSIONS Both techniques offered innovative solutions to candidate selection for entry to the public health nursing education program.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephen Abbott
- School of Health Sciences, University of London, London, UK
| | - Judy Brook
- School of Health Sciences, University of London, London, UK
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146
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Kobayashi M, Asahara K, Omori J, Miyazaki M, Miyazaki T, Anzai Y, Ono W, Mitsumori Y. [Ethics education in Japanese public health nursing educational institutions]. Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi 2018; 65:25-33. [PMID: 29434088 DOI: 10.11236/jph.65.1_25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maasa Kobayashi
- St. Luke's International University Graduate School of Nursing Science
| | - Kiyomi Asahara
- St. Luke's International University Graduate School of Nursing Science
| | - Junko Omori
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
| | | | | | | | - Wakanako Ono
- St. Luke's International University Graduate School of Nursing Science
| | - Yasuko Mitsumori
- St. Luke's International University Graduate School of Nursing Science
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147
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Abstract
In public health nursing interprofessional collaboration has become a goal, however, there is little clarity on the distribution of responsibility or approach to cooperation between the professional groups. The aim of the study was to explore public health nurses' perceptions of their experiences related to interprofessional collaboration. A qualitative content analysis was carried out. An interview study with a purposeful sample of 23 Norwegian public health nurses (PHNs) was conducted. Data were analysed using semi-structured interviews to identify categories and themes of PHNs' working lives. The data were classified into three major themes: institutionality: the institutional understanding of the professional roles; competence: clarifying jurisdictional borders, and recognition: professionals' recognition of different roles. There needs to be a robust strategy in collaborative working that involves public health nurses among other professionals to avoid role overlap, interpersonal and interprofessional conflict and reduce the damaging threat or stress that comes with informal or ad hoc rules of engagement and status claiming by one profession over another.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berit Misund Dahl
- a Department of health sciences in Ålesund, Faculty of Medicine and health sciences , NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology , Ålesund , Norway
| | - Paul Crawford
- b School of Nursing, Midwifery and Physiotherapy , University of Nottingham , Nottingham , UK.,c Institute of Mental Health , Nottingham University , Nottingham , UK
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148
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Bromley E, Eisenman DP, Magana A, Williams M, Kim B, McCreary M, Chandra A, Wells KB. How Do Communities Use a Participatory Public Health Approach to Build Resilience? The Los Angeles County Community Disaster Resilience Project. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2017; 14:ijerph14101267. [PMID: 29065491 PMCID: PMC5664768 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14101267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Community resilience is a key concept in the National Health Security Strategy that emphasizes development of multi-sector partnerships and equity through community engagement. Here, we describe the advancement of CR principles through community participatory methods in the Los Angeles County Community Disaster Resilience (LACCDR) initiative. LACCDR, an initiative led by the Los Angeles County Department of Public Health with academic partners, randomized 16 community coalitions to implement either an Enhanced Standard Preparedness or Community Resilience approach over 24 months. Facilitated by a public health nurse or community educator, coalitions comprised government agencies, community-focused organizations and community members. We used thematic analysis of data from focus groups (n = 5) and interviews (n = 6 coalition members; n = 16 facilitators) to compare coalitions’ strategies for operationalizing community resilience levers of change (engagement, partnership, self-sufficiency, education). We find that strategies that included bidirectional learning helped coalitions understand and adopt resilience principles. Strategies that operationalized community resilience levers in mutually reinforcing ways (e.g., disseminating information while strengthening partnerships) also secured commitment to resilience principles. We review additional challenges and successes in achieving cross-sector collaboration and engaging at-risk groups in the resilience versus preparedness coalitions. The LACCDR example can inform strategies for uptake and implementation of community resilience and uptake of the resilience concept and methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Bromley
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
- West Los Angeles VA Healthcare Center, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA.
- RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA 90401, USA.
| | - David P Eisenman
- Division of General Internal Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA; Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
- UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Aizita Magana
- Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, 313 N Figueroa St, Los Angeles, CA 90012, USA.
| | | | - Biblia Kim
- School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA.
| | - Michael McCreary
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | | | - Kenneth B Wells
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
- West Los Angeles VA Healthcare Center, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA.
- UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
- RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA 90401, USA.
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149
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Öhlén J, Reimer-Kirkham S, Astle B, Håkanson C, Lee J, Eriksson M, Sawatzky R. Person-centred care dialectics-Inquired in the context of palliative care. Nurs Philos 2017; 18. [PMID: 28497868 DOI: 10.1111/nup.12177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Although a widely used concept in health care, person-centred care remains somewhat ambiguous. In the field of palliative care, person-centred care is considered a historically distinct ideal and yet there continues to be a dearth of conceptual clarity. Person-centred care is also challenged by the pull of standardization that characterizes much of health service delivery. The conceptual ambiguity becomes especially problematic in contemporary pluralistic societies, particularly in the light of continued inequities in healthcare access and disparities in health outcomes. Our aim was to explicate premises and underlying assumptions regarding person-centred care in the context of palliative care with an attempt to bridge the apparently competing agendas of individualization versus standardization, and individuals versus populations. By positioning person-centredness in relation to the hermeneutics of the self according to Paul Ricœur, dialectics between individualization and standardization, and between individuals and populations were constructed. The competing agendas were related in a dialectic manner in the way that population health is of importance for the individual, and standardization is of importance for the population. The analysis suggests that person-centred care is an ethical stance, which gives prominence to both suffering and capability of the individual as a person. The dialectic analysis points towards the importance of extending person-centred care to encompass population and societal perspectives and thereby avoiding a problematic tendency of affiliating person-centred care with exclusively individualistic perspectives. Considerations for person-centred palliative care on micro-, meso- and macrolevels conclude the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joakim Öhlén
- Institute of Health Care Sciences and University of Gothenburg Centre for Person-Centred Care, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Palliative Research Centre and Department of Health Care Sciences, Ersta Sköndal Bräcke University College, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Barbara Astle
- School of Nursing, Trinity Western University, Langley, BC, Canada
| | - Cecilia Håkanson
- Palliative Research Centre and Department of Health Care Sciences, Ersta Sköndal Bräcke University College, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Nursing Science, Sophiahemmet University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Joyce Lee
- School of Nursing, Trinity Western University, Langley, BC, Canada.,School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Marjukka Eriksson
- Palliative Research Centre and Department of Health Care Sciences, Ersta Sköndal Bräcke University College, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Richard Sawatzky
- School of Nursing, Trinity Western University, Langley, BC, Canada.,Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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150
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Abstract
Climate change is progressing and carries significant public health consequences that nurses will need to be aware of and address in practice and research. The Alliance of Nurses for Healthy Environments encourages nurses and professional nursing organizations to learn about the health effects of climate change and to conduct research and implement adaptive strategies to provide optimal patient care within a changing environment. Pregnant women, newborns, and children are particularly vulnerable to potential health effects related to climate change.
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