1076
|
Pickles A, Pickering K, Simonoff E, Silberg J, Meyer J, Maes H. Genetic "clocks" and "soft" events: a twin model for pubertal development and other recalled sequences of developmental milestones, transitions, or ages at onset. Behav Genet 1998; 28:243-53. [PMID: 9803017 DOI: 10.1023/a:1021615228995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
We propose and explore a twin model to examine the basis for synchrony that often characterizes different facets of normal development. In so doing we also present an approach to the analysis of "soft" events; events for which available reports of dates or ages of occurrence are unreliable or inconsistent. Discrepancies among reports are accounted for by a statistical measurement model. This combines current status error reflecting uncertain definition of onset and two mechanisms for the phenomenon of "telescoping," namely, systematic compression of the time scale and heteroscedastic random measurement error. Statistically, the model can be viewed as a mixed generalized linear model with random effects within both mean and variance functions or, alternatively, as involving multiplicative random effects. We apply the model to multiple maternal reports on menarche and onset of breast development in twin daughters. Fitted to data from the Virginia Twin Study Of Adolescent and Behavioral Development by the use of penalized/predictive quasi-likelihood, the model provided much improved estimates of the true age-at-onset distribution as compared to those from a naive analysis. Results suggested that the observed variance was made up almost entirely of genetic variance and measurement error variance due to telescoping and current status errors and that the timing of breast development and menarche are largely under the control of a common set of genes. Results also indicated that maternal recollections of the onset of breast development were both more poorly defined and subject to greater recall errors than maternal recollections of menarche.
Collapse
|
1077
|
Meyer J. Prophylaxis for health care workers. J Occup Environ Med 1998; 40:585. [PMID: 9675715 DOI: 10.1097/00043764-199807000-00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
1078
|
Espinola-Klein C, Rupprecht HJ, Erbel R, Nafe B, Brennecke R, Meyer J. Impact of restenosis 10 years after coronary angioplasty. Eur Heart J 1998; 19:1047-53. [PMID: 9717040 DOI: 10.1053/euhj.1997.0863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS The aim of the study was to compare the 10-year follow-up results of patients with or without restenosis following single-vessel percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA). METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 313 patients with successful PTCA (> or = 20% reduction in luminal diameter narrowing without acute complications) and a control angiography 6 months after PTCA were included in the study. Events during the follow-up period were defined as death, myocardial infarction, bypass surgery, or repeat PTCA. Statistical evaluation was performed by the Fisher test, logistic regression, and life-table analysis. Restenosis (loss of > 50% of the initial gain and diameter stenosis of 50%) was found in 87 (28%) patients. During follow-up, 11 patients (5%) without restenosis (group A) and 11 (13%) patients with restenosis (group B) died (P < 0.05). In group A, 17 (8%) patients and in group B, 11 (13%) patients suffered myocardial infarction (ns); 17 group A (8%) patients and 25 (29%) group B patients had bypass surgery (P < 0.0001), and 34 (15%) group A patients and 55 (63%) group B patients underwent repeat PTCA (P < 0.0001). Logistic regression analysis identified restenosis as an independent risk factor that increases the risk of death 2.8-fold (P = 0.02), bypass surgery 5.6-fold (P < 0.0001), and repeat PTCA 10-fold (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION We conclude that patients with restenosis had a poorer long-term outcome than patients without restenosis. Although most patients with restenosis underwent repeat PTCA, the survival rate without any serious adverse events was only 59%, compared with 83% in patients without restenosis (P < 0.0001).
Collapse
|
1079
|
Wittlinger T, Voigtländer T, Roberts H, Kreitner KF, Roberts T, Thelen M, Meyer J. [Acute vascular perforation with shunt formation in the right ventricle after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. Magnetic resonance tomography and Doppler ultrasound detection of shunt flow]. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR KARDIOLOGIE 1998; 87:553-9. [PMID: 9744067 DOI: 10.1007/s003920050214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A coronary artery perforation is a rare complication after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. The therapy will be determined by the hemodynamic failure of the left or right ventricle. A case of a coronary artery perforation with a shunt from the right coronary artery to the right ventricle after coronary angioplasty is reported. The shunt was detected by coronary angiography and confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging and doppler echocardiography.
Collapse
|
1080
|
Buerke M, Prüfer D, Dahm M, Oelert H, Meyer J, Darius H. Blocking of classical complement pathway inhibits endothelial adhesion molecule expression and preserves ischemic myocardium from reperfusion injury. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1998; 286:429-38. [PMID: 9655888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial injury after ischemia (I) and reperfusion (R) is related to leukocyte activation with subsequent release of cytokines and oxygen-derived free radicals as well as complement activation. In our study, the cardioprotective effects of exogenous C1 esterase inhibitor (C1 INH) were examined in a rat model of myocardial I + R (i.e., 20 min + 24 hr or 48 hr). The C1 INH (10, 50 and 100 U/kg) administered 2 min before reperfusion significantly attenuated myocardial injury after 24 hr of R compared to vehicle treated rats (P < .001). Further, cardiac myeloperoxidase activity (i.e., a marker of PMN [polymorphonuclear leukocyte] accumulation) in the ischemic area was significantly reduced after C1 INH treatment compared to vehicle treated animals (0.81 +/- 0.1, 0.34 +/- 0.13, 0.13 +/- 0.1 vs. 1.44 +/- 0.3 U/100 mg tissue, P < .001). In addition, C1 INH (100 U/kg) significantly attenuated myocardial injury and neutrophil infiltration even after 48 hr of reperfusion compared to vehicle treatment. Immunohistochemical analysis of ischemic-reperfused myocardial tissue demonstrated activation of classical complement pathway by deposition of C1q on cardiac myocytes and cardiac vessels. In addition, expression of the endothelial adhesion molecules P-selectin and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) was observed after reperfusion of the ischemic myocardium. In this regard, C1 INH administration abolished expression of P-selectin and ICAM-1 on the cardiac vasculature after myocardial ischemia and reperfusion. Blocking the classical complement pathway by exogenous C1 INH appears to be an effective means to preserve ischemic myocardium from injury after 24 and 48 hr of reperfusion. The mechanisms of this cardioprotective effect appears to be due to blocking of complement activation and reduced endothelial adhesion molecule expression with subsequent reduced PMN-endothelium interaction, resulting in diminished cardiac necrosis.
Collapse
|
1081
|
Voigtländer T, Roberts HC, Otto M, Wittlinger T, Nowak B, Kreitner KF, Rupprecht HJ, Meyer J. Images in cardiovascular medicine. Ectasia and aneurysm of the right coronary artery resulting from a shunt to the coronary sinus. Circulation 1998; 97:2276-7. [PMID: 9631879 DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.97.22.2276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
1082
|
Kennedy DN, Lange N, Makris N, Bates J, Meyer J, Caviness VS. Gyri of the human neocortex: an MRI-based analysis of volume and variance. Cereb Cortex 1998; 8:372-84. [PMID: 9651132 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/8.4.372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 255] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based morphometric analysis of cortical topography in the human brain is based upon the segmentation and parcellation of volumetric T1-weighted MRI data for a set of 20 young adult brains including 10 males and 10 females. For the most part, each parcellation unit (PU) of the neocortex corresponds to a single or a portion of a single gyrus. The volumes of each PU were computed for each brain. Subsets of PUs were also grouped so as to represent the neocortex for the frontal, temporal, parietal and occipital lobes. The coefficient of variation of the mean volume of total neocortex and that of the neocortex assigned to individual lobes cluster around 10%, whereas that of neocortex assigned to the individual gyri (PU) is more than twice that value. Approximately 80% of the total variance in gyral volume arises from determinants interactive for individual and specific gyri, while only approximately 10% of the total variance appears to be a reflection of uniform scaling to total neocortical volume. Sexual dimorphism contributes a pervasive though relatively small component of this variance. These results have implications for the study of structure-function correlation, and the proper statistical methods of handling volumetric data in morphometric studies. In addition, the nature of the covariance structure of the data will lead to future hypotheses regarding the relationships between the various potential genetic and epigenetic gyral influencing factors.
Collapse
|
1083
|
Jorga KM, Kroodsma JM, Fotteler B, Heizmann P, Meyer J, Rasch MC, van Hattum J. Effect of liver impairment on the pharmacokinetics of tolcapone and its metabolites. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1998; 63:646-54. [PMID: 9663179 DOI: 10.1016/s0009-9236(98)90088-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effect of liver impairment on the pharmacokinetics of tolcapone and to derive appropriate dose recommendations for patients with this disease who are undergoing treatment for Parkinson's disease. STUDY DESIGN In an open, two-way crossover study, 16 patients with moderate liver disease (eight with cirrhotic and eight with noncirrhotic liver disease) and eight healthy subjects received an oral dose of 200 mg tolcapone and an intravenous dose of 50 mg tolcapone on separate occasions. The concentrations of total and unbound tolcapone and its three major metabolites (tolcapone glucuronide, carboxylic acid, and 3-O-methyl metabolite) were assessed in plasma and urine. RESULTS On the basis of total drug concentration, the differences in tolcapone pharmacokinetics between the groups were small. However, lower clearance and volume of distribution of unbound drug were found among patients with cirrhosis than among control subjects. Plasma concentration of the pharmacologically inactive glucuronide metabolite was increased among patients with cirrhosis. CONCLUSIONS Half of the recommended dosage of tolcapone should be administered to patients with cirrhosis of the liver to maintain the target steady-state concentration of unbound drug and to avoid accumulation of tolcapone glucuronide. Our data did not indicate a requirement for dosage adjustment in the presence of moderate chronic hepatitis.
Collapse
|
1084
|
Meyer J. Gastrografin as a gastrointestinal contrast agent in the Greek tortoise (Testudo hermanni). J Zoo Wildl Med 1998; 29:183-9. [PMID: 9732034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Eighteen Greek tortoises (Testudo hermanni), divided into three groups, were kept at three different average ambient temperatures. Gastrografin was administered to all individuals by orogastric tube at a dosage of 1 ml/130 g body weight. The partial and total transit times were recorded by means of radiographs taken immediately postadministration and at 20, 40, 60, 90, 120, and 150 min and 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hr postadministration. Mean total transit times were 2.6 hr (range 1.5-4.0 hr) at 30.6 degrees C, 6.6 hr (range 3.0-8.0 hr) at 21.5 degrees C, and 17.3 hr (range 8.0-24.0 hr) at 15.2 degrees C. These transit times allow a radiologic diagnosis within a relatively short period, especially compared with contrast studies performed with barium sulfate. The visualization of the intestinal tract is good with Gastrografin; however, intestinal mucosal detail was not completely satisfactory.
Collapse
|
1085
|
|
1086
|
Przibille O, Liebrich A, Nowak B, Rosocha S, Zellerhoff CH, Geil S, Himmrich E, Treese N, Meyer J. [Prognostic significance of analysis of heart rate variability inpatients with dilated cardiomyopathy]. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR KARDIOLOGIE 1998; 87:453-8. [PMID: 9691415 DOI: 10.1007/s003920050200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Sudden cardiac death is frequent in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. To assess the risk of an arrhythmic event is still difficult. Here the analysis of the heart rate variability offers new possibilities. METHOD 25 patients (18 males, 7 females, age 53 +/- 9 yrs) with dilated cardiomyopathy were included in the study. Analysis of heart rate variability assessed by time- and frequency-domain measures was determined from Holter recording. The mean follow-up was 18 +/- 5 months. RESULTS 6 patients died (5 of sudden cardiac death, 1 of heart failure), 1 patient with an implanted defibrillator received an adequate shock. Parameters influenced by low- and mid-frequent oscillations of the heart rate were significantly lower in patients who died suddenly or had adequate shocks. The best predictive parameter was the s.d.RR: all patients with an s.d.RR < 50 ms had lethal arrhythmias whereas the s.d.RR of the surviving patients was > or = 50 ms. No significant difference was found or high frequency parameters, which are mainly influenced by parasympathetic activity. CONCLUSION The analysis of heart rate variability is of prognostic relevance in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. Especially the s.d.RR is able to identify patients with a high risk of a sudden cardiac death.
Collapse
|
1087
|
Noël PH, Larme AC, Meyer J, Marsh G, Correa A, Pugh JA. Patient choice in diabetes education curriculum. Nutritional versus standard content for type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 1998; 21:896-901. [PMID: 9614604 DOI: 10.2337/diacare.21.6.896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the effects of patient choice between two education curriculums that emphasized either the standard or nutritional management of type 2 diabetes on class attendance and other outcomes among a mostly Hispanic patient population. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 596 patients with type 2 diabetes were randomly assigned to either a choice or no choice condition. Patients in the choice condition were allowed to choose their curriculum, while patients in the no choice condition were randomly assigned to one of the two curriculums. Outcomes were assessed at baseline and at a 6-month follow-up. RESULTS When given a choice, patients chose the nutrition curriculum almost four times more frequently than the standard curriculum. Contrary to our hypothesis, however, patients who had a choice did not significantly increase their attendance rates or demonstrate improvements in other diabetes outcomes compared with patients who were randomly assigned to the two curriculums. Patients in the nutrition curriculum had significantly lower serum cholesterol at a 6-month follow-up, whereas patients in the standard curriculum had significant improvements in glycemic control. Of the randomized patients, 30% never attended any classes; the most frequently cited reasons for nonattendance were socioeconomic. Hispanic patients, however, were just as likely as non-Hispanic patients to attend classes and participate at the follow-up. Patients who attended all five classes of either curriculum significantly increased their diabetes knowledge, gained less weight, and reported improved physical functioning compared with patients who did not attend any classes. CONCLUSIONS Although providing patients with a choice in curriculums at the introductory level did not improve outcomes, differential improvements were noted between patients who attended curriculums with different content emphasis. We suggest that diabetes education programs should provide the opportunity for long-term, repetitive contacts to expand on the modest gains achieved at the introductory level, as well as provide more options to match individual needs and interests and to address socioeconomic barriers to participation.
Collapse
|
1088
|
Guindy JS, Besimo CE, Besimo R, Schiel H, Meyer J. Bacterial leakage into and from prefabricated screw-retained implant-borne crowns in vitro. J Oral Rehabil 1998; 25:403-8. [PMID: 9687111 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2842.1998.00261.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A mean gap of less than 4 microm following laboratory procedures and continuous loading was demonstrated in prefabricated crowns of the Ha-Ti implant system in earlier studies. The clinical relevance of such high precision in maintaining inflammation free marginal mucosa is yet to be determined. In this present investigation, the complete assembly of Ha-Ti implants including prefabricated screw-retained crowns was tested for bacterial leakage under controlled conditions in vitro. The gaps were shown not to be a barrier for Staphylococcus aureus which were used as test bacteria. Bacterial leakage through these gaps from the environment to the interior of the assembly and vice versa was observed within 24-120 h. The main path of bacterial penetration was possibly found to be through the transversal screw hole and not through the marginal gap of the prefabricated crowns.
Collapse
|
1089
|
Wassmann H, Greiner C, Hülsmann S, Moskopp D, Speckmann EJ, Meyer J, Van Aken H. Hypothermia as cerebroprotective measure. Experimental hypoxic exposure of brain slices and clinical application in critically reduced cerebral perfusion pressure. Neurol Res 1998; 20 Suppl 1:S61-5. [PMID: 9584927 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.1998.11740612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
An in vitro human neocortical and rodent hippocampus brain slice technique was used under repeated hypoxia to investigate the cerebroprotective effect of hypothermia. As a hallmark of the neuronal hypoxic reaction anoxic terminal negativity (ATN) was registered to test whether hypothermia delays the onset of ATN. The experiments clearly confirm an assumed protective effect of hypothermia in vitro and in vivo and give for the first time evidence of the lack of the protective effect of hypothermia once hypoxia has occurred under normothermic conditions, probably by a critical depletion of cellular ATP-stores. In patients with severe traumatic brain injury and critically low cerebral perfusion pressure mild hypothermia is able to improve clinical outcome.
Collapse
|
1090
|
Hinder F, Meyer J, Booke M, Ehardt JS, Salsbury JR, Traber LD, Traber DL. Endogenous nitric oxide and the pulmonary microvasculature in healthy sheep and during systemic inflammation. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1998; 157:1542-9. [PMID: 9603136 DOI: 10.1164/ajrccm.157.5.9707161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) influences microvascular integrity. NO synthase inhibitors are regarded as therapeutic options, but their impact on the pulmonary microvasculature is not well defined. We studied the microvascular effects of the nonselective NO synthase inhibitor N(omega)-nitro L-arginine methylester (L-NAME) in healthy sheep and during systemic inflammation. Permeability analysis was performed in 30 adult ewes with chronic lung lymph fistulas and pulmonary venous occluders. Experiment 1: 20 sheep received Escherichia coli endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, 10 ng/kg/min) for 32 h. After 24 h of endotoxemia, 10 sheep were given L-NAME (25 mg/kg), and 10 sheep received NaCl 0.9%. Experiment 2: six sheep were treated with L-NAME (25 mg/kg), and four animals received NaCl 0.9%. Endotoxin induced a phasic pulmonary microvascular response with early transiently increased endothelial permeability at 4 h and late normalization of microvascular integrity to large molecules after 24 h. At that time systemic vasodilation had occurred. L-NAME raised pulmonary artery pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance index without signs of increased permeability in either experiment. NO is involved in vascular tone in healthy sheep and during systemic inflammation, but it does not seem to play a role in the integrity of the pulmonary microvascular barrier function to large molecules.
Collapse
|
1091
|
Nance WE, Bodurtha J, Eaves LJ, Hewitt J, Maes H, Segrest J, Meyer J, Neale M, Schieken R. Models for the longitudinal genetic analysis of same-age twins: application to HDL cholesterol. TWIN RESEARCH : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR TWIN STUDIES 1998; 1:3-8. [PMID: 10051351 DOI: 10.1375/136905298320566429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Models are presented for the analysis of longitudinal data from same-age twins which permit the exploration of a remarkably diverse array of alternative explanations for continuity and change during development. Data of this type permit the detection of new sources of genetic or environmental covariation during development that are not expressed at earlier ages and, because they include the effects of age-specific genes, the resulting heritability estimates are more reliable than those obtained from relatives who differ in age. The proposed models were applied to measurements of HDL cholesterol obtained on 81 pairs of monozygotic (MZ) twins and 69 dizygotic (DZ) pairs at 11, 12.5 and 14 years of age. All three MZ co-twin correlations were substantially higher than the self correlations across occasions, suggesting that new sources of genetic or environmental covariation must be expressed during early adolescence. This interpretation was confirmed by analysis of the full covariance matrices which showed that only models which assumed the expression of new or age-specific genes could explain the observed pattern of covariation. Because they include the effects of age-specific genes, the resulting heritabilities (0.80-0.83) were substantially higher than many previous estimates.
Collapse
|
1092
|
Christner R, Aine C, Stephen J, Meyer J, Silveri J, Huang M, Weisend M, Davis L. MEG Reveals the Functional Organization of Somatosensory Cortex Using Automated Analyses. Neuroimage 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s1053-8119(18)31240-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
|
1093
|
Stephen J, Aine C, Huang M, Meyer J, Christner R, Silveri J, Weisend M. Evidence of late auditory activity in response to tones using MEG. Neuroimage 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s1053-8119(18)31196-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
|
1094
|
Aine C, Huang M, Stephen J, Silveri J, Meyer J, Christner R. Cingulate Cortex is Responsive to Simple Visual, Auditory and Somatosensory Stimulation: An MEG Study. Neuroimage 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s1053-8119(18)31129-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
|
1095
|
Willi K, Meyer J. DNA analysis of temperate bacteriophage Aa(phi)23 isolated from actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans. MOLECULAR & GENERAL GENETICS : MGG 1998; 258:323-5. [PMID: 9648735 DOI: 10.1007/s004380050737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The DNA of the temperate bacteriophage Aaphi23 isolated from the oral bacterium Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans was examined structurally both in the phage head and in the prophage. The DNA in phage particles comprises 44 kb linear molecules with a terminal redundancy of 1.6 kb, which represent circular permutations. Thus, DNA is packaged into phage heads by the headful mechanism. The Aaphi23 prophage is integrated into the host chromosome.
Collapse
|
1096
|
Meyer J, Hohlfeld T, Schrör K. Characterization of the prostaglandin EP3-receptor from porcine heart. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 1998; 433:119-22. [PMID: 9561117 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4899-1810-9_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
1097
|
Gogarten W, Van Aken H, Moskopp D, Roos N, Schleef J, Marcus M, Meyer J. A case of severe cerebral trauma in a patient under chronic treatment with cyclosporine A. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol 1998; 10:101-5. [PMID: 9559768 DOI: 10.1097/00008506-199804000-00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A case of severe cerebral head injury in a child, chronically treated with cyclosporine A after orthotopic liver transplantation, is presented. The initial Glasgow Coma Scale score after the motor vehicle accident was 3, and computed tomography showed multiple sites of intracerebral bleeding, an epidural hematoma, and signs of perifocal edema. Although these lesions are normally associated with a poor outcome, the child recovered unexpectedly well. In brain injury, a lucid interval can be followed by secondary neurologic deterioration due to a loss of high-energy metabolites, a release of neurotransmitters, and an increase in intracellular Ca2+. These events finally led to cell damage in the penumbra of an ischemic infarction. Among other drugs, immunosuppressants such as cyclosporine A have been shown to exhibit neuroprotective properties in experimental models if given during this time interval of secondary neurologic deterioration. Although human data on these effects are still lacking, we conclude that neuroprotective actions of cyclosporine A may have been involved in the favorable outcome in this 14-year-old boy.
Collapse
|
1098
|
Meyer J, Theilmeier G, Van Aken H, Bone HG, Busse H, Waurick R, Hinder F, Booke M. Inhaled prostaglandin E1 for treatment of acute lung injury in severe multiple organ failure. Anesth Analg 1998; 86:753-8. [PMID: 9539597 DOI: 10.1097/00000539-199804000-00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Acute lung injury is characterized by hypoxemia due to pulmonary ventilation/perfusion-mismatching. I.v. administered prostaglandin E1 (PGE1), a vasodilator with a high pulmonary clearance, has been studied in acute lung injury. Inhalation of the vasodilators nitric oxide and prostacyclin improved oxygenation by selective dilation of the pulmonary vasculature in ventilated lung areas. In the present study, PGE1 inhalation was used for treatment of acute lung injury. Fifteen patients with acute lung injury defined as PaO2/fraction of inspired oxygen (FIO2) <160 mm Hg were treated with PGE1 inhalation in addition to standard intensive care. The drug was continuously delivered via a pneumatic nebulizer. Acute physiology and chronic health evaluation system II and multiple organ failure scores were (mean +/- SEM) 33 +/- 2 and 10 +/- 0.3, respectively. Inhaled PGE1 was administered for 103 +/- 17 h at a dose of 41 +/- 2 microg/h. The PaO2/FIO2 ratio increased from 105 +/- 9 to 160 +/- 17 mm Hg (P < 0.05) and to 189 +/- 25 mm Hg (P < 0.05) after 4 h and 24 h, respectively. PGE1 inhalation decreases in mean pulmonary artery pressure and central venous pressure were not statistically significant. Mean arterial pressure, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, cardiac output, and heart rate remained unchanged. Intensive care unit mortality was 40%. The present data suggest that inhaled PGE1 is an effective therapeutic option for improving oxygenation in patients with acute lung injury. Whether inhaled PGE1 will increase survival in acute lung injury should be investigated in a controlled prospective trial. IMPLICATIONS In patients with severe acute lung injury and multiple organ failure, inhaled prostaglandin E1 improved oxygenation and decreased venous admixture without affecting systemic hemodynamic variables. Controlled clinical trials are warranted.
Collapse
|
1099
|
Booke M, Van Aken H, Theilmeier G, Meyer J. Prostaglandins in patients with pulmonary hypertension: the route of administration. Anesth Analg 1998; 86:917. [PMID: 9539630 DOI: 10.1097/00000539-199804000-00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
1100
|
Richter WF, Heizmann P, Meyer J, Starke V, Lave T. Animal pharmacokinetics and interspecies scaling of Ro 25-6833 and related (lactamylvinyl)cephalosporins. J Pharm Sci 1998; 87:496-500. [PMID: 9548904 DOI: 10.1021/js970261f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
From a series of six (lactamylvinyl)cephalosporins, candidates for clinical evaluation were selected on the basis of their kinetic profile in animals and predicted pharmacokinetics in man. Exploratory pharmacokinetic studies with Ro 25-6833 and five related cephalosporins were performed following intravenous administration to rats, dogs, and cynomolgus monkeys. All compounds were characterized by a high protein binding in rat, monkey, and human plasma (unbound fraction < or = 5%), whereas in dog plasma, protein binding was markedly lower. Accordingly, for most compounds, clearance was highest in dogs, and lowest in monkeys. Comparison of the renal clearance of unbound drug with creatinine clearance suggests a renal elimination of Ro 25-6833 by glomerular filtration in both rats and dogs (urinary excretion in monkey was not determined due to drug instability in monkey urine). All other compounds showed different renal excretion mechanisms in rats and dogs, thus making the validity of allometric scaling questionable. Unbound clearances in man were predicted by allometric scaling (Ro 25-6833 only) and by a correlation analysis of cephalosporin pharmacokinetics in monkey and man. Limitations of both methods are discussed. When Ro 25-6833 was later studied in man, the predicted pharmacokinetic data in man from both approaches were found to be in good agreement with the observed values.
Collapse
|