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Müller M, Krause H, Heicappell R, Tischendorf J, Shay JW, Miller K. Comparison of human telomerase RNA and telomerase activity in urine for diagnosis of bladder cancer. Clin Cancer Res 1998; 4:1949-54. [PMID: 9717824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
New, noninvasive methods for the early detection of urothelial carcinomas of the urinary bladder are needed for the diagnosis, follow-up, and screening of patients with bladder cancer. Detection of the enzyme telomerase in urine could offer these new diagnostic possibilities. The standard technique for detecting telomerase activity is the telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP assay). Because of the instability of the ribonucleoprotein telomerase in an aggressive medium, such as urine, investigations conducted to date have yielded nonuniform or even contradictory findings. This study compares the detection of human telomerase RNA (hTR) by reverse transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR) with detection of telomerase activity by the TRAP assay in the diagnosis of urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder. Sedimented cells obtained from urine of 30 patients with urothelial carcinoma, 15 patients with benign urological disorders, 3 patients as part of follow-up for malignant disease, and 20 healthy subjects were examined for the presence of hTR and for telomerase activity (TRAP). In patients with bladder cancer, telomerase activity was detected by the TRAP assay in only 2 of 30 specimens (7%). However, increased levels of hTR were detected by RT-PCR in 25 of the same 30 cases (83%). For patients with benign urological disorders, such as urolithiasis or urinary tract infections, hTR was detected in samples obtained from 4 of 15 patients (27%). Low hTR expression levels were found in 15% of the healthy controls. The detection of hTR by RT-PCR represents a promising new method for detecting malignant cells in urine.
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127
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Bulfone-Paus S, von Bernuth H, Rückert R, Wachtlin J, Ungureanu D, Notter M, Krause H, Pohl T, Paus R, Kunzendorf U. Vaccination with tumor cells engineered to secrete interleukin 2-immunoglobulin G fusion protein induces tumor rejection. Cancer Res 1998; 58:2707-10. [PMID: 9661877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Here we provide proof that the injection of tumor cells engineered to secrete interleukin 2 (IL-2)-IgG chimeric proteins locally induces potent antitumor responses, which are more effective than tumor transfection with IL-2 alone. Murine plasmacytoma cells (J558L) were stably transfected with DNA coding for a human IL-2-IgG1 or a murine IL-2-IgG2b fusion protein and were injected s.c. into syngeneic BALB/c mice. Evaluation of tumor growth and rejection patterns showed that IL-2-IgG secretion by transfected J558L tumor cells induced their rejection in all animals tested, similar to the rejection of J558L cells engineered to secrete IL-2 alone, whereas treatment with parental cells was lethal. However, mice treated with IL-2-IgG-secreting J558L cells (human IL-2-IgG1 and murine IL-2-IgG2b) exhibited a significantly stronger tumor immunity against a later challenge with parental J558L cells than mice treated with IL-2-secreting tumor cells.
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128
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Hebart H, Greif M, Krause H, Kanz L, Jahn G, Müller CA, Einsele H. Interstrain variation of immediate early DNA sequences and glycoprotein B genotypes in cytomegalovirus clinical isolates. Med Microbiol Immunol 1997; 186:135-8. [PMID: 9403841 DOI: 10.1007/s004300050055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is associated with a high mortality in recipients of an allogeneic stem cell transplant. Apparent differences in biological behaviour have been noted among clinical CMV isolates. By amplifying specific functionally relevant regions of the CMV genome [immediate early (IE) exon 3, glycoprotein B (gB)], a possible association of strain variation and clinical symptoms of infection was analysed in 24 patients. A high number of genome mutations of the IE exon 3 region could be documented translating into amino acid changes of viral isolated of 8 out of 15 patients with symptomatic and 2 out of 9 patients with asymptomatic CMV infection. Identical IE mutations and gB types were observed in isolates from two different sites in 6 patients. gB strain 2 was found to be associated with symptomatic CMV infection (P = 0.03). Thus, apart from host factors viral factors might influence the virus-host interaction in severely immunosuppressed patients.
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129
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Bulfone-Paus S, Ungureanu D, Pohl T, Lindner G, Paus R, Rückert R, Krause H, Kunzendorf U. Interleukin-15 protects from lethal apoptosis in vivo. Nat Med 1997; 3:1124-8. [PMID: 9334724 DOI: 10.1038/nm1097-1124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 257] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-15 shares many biological activities with IL-2 and signals through the IL-2 receptor beta and gamma chains. However, IL-15 and IL-2 differ in their controls of expression and secretion, their range of target cells and their functional activities. These dissimilarities may include differential effects on apoptosis. For example, IL-2 induces or inhibits T-cell apoptosis in vitro, depending on T-cell activation, whereas IL-15 inhibits cytokine deprivation-induced apoptosis in activated T cells. Studying whether and how IL-15 modulates distinct apoptosis pathways, we show here that apoptosis induced by anti-Fas, anti-CD3, dexamethasone, and/or anti-IgM in activated human T and B cells in vitro is inhibited by IL-15 in a manner dependent on RNA synthesis. In vivo, anti-Fas-induced lethal multisystem apoptosis in mice is suppressed by a novel IL-15-IgG2b fusion protein. Only IL-15, but not IL-2, completely protected from lethal hepatic failure. Thus, IL-15 is a potent, general inhibitor of apoptosis in vitro and in vivo with intriguing therapeutic potential.
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130
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Bulfone-Paus S, Dürkop H, Paus R, Krause H, Pohl T, Onu A. Differential regulation of human T lymphoblast functions by IL-2 and IL-15. Cytokine 1997; 9:507-13. [PMID: 9237813 DOI: 10.1006/cyto.1996.0194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin 15 (IL-15) shares many functional properties with interleukin 2 (IL-2), although both cytokines probably also exert distinct functions. In order to screen for functional differences between IL-2 and IL-15 with respect to the control of T cell functions, we have stimulated human T lymphoblasts (hTBl) with IL-2 and/or IL-15 and have assessed the resulting changes in the following parameters: T cell proliferation; expression of various relevant surface markers; cytokine and receptor (alpha-chain) transcription; and IL-2 and IL-15 activity. Both cytokines equally upregulate standard activation markers such as CD25 and CD95 and downregulate CD27. However, IL-2 upregulates CD30, TNF receptor type II and CD40L expression significantly stronger than IL-15. IL-15 potentiates Con A-induced IL-2 secretion. Even though hTBl transcribe the IL-15 gene, they do not secrete IL-15 activity. These observations suggest that both cytokines can differentially regulate T cells, e.g. T cell functions relevant to the control of cell cycle progression and apoptosis, and/or that they can stimulate different T cell subsets. Moreover, IL-15 may potentiate IL-2-driven T cell responses.
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131
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Krause H, Hebart H, Jahn G, Müller CA, Einsele H. Screening for CMV-specific T cell proliferation to identify patients at risk of developing late onset CMV disease. Bone Marrow Transplant 1997; 19:1111-6. [PMID: 9193754 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bmt.1700801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Thirty patients undergoing allogeneic BMT were screened post-transplant together with their marrow donors for CMV-specific T cell proliferation and the occurrence of CMV disease. Twenty-one of these patients received a marrow transplant from an HLA-matched sibling donor, and nine from an HLA-matched unrelated donor. All these patients were either CMV seropositive and/or had received a transplant from a CMV-seropositive donor. Patients were monitored for CMV-viraemia until day +100 post-BMT by PCR and virus culture, and thereafter by virus culture only when clinically indicated. The proliferative T cell response was investigated at regular monthly intervals beginning on day +30. A proliferative response to HCMV (median, day +123) was documented in these patients between day +37 and +730 post-BMT. None of the patients with a documented CMV-specific T cell proliferation on day 120 (n = 17) developed CMV disease in the later post-transplant period, but of the patients lacking CMV-specific proliferation (n = 13), 30.8% developed CMV disease after day 120. Thus, patients lacking a CMV-specific T-helper cell response might benefit from sensitive screening for CMV infection and pre-emptive therapy after day +100.
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132
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133
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Onu A, Pohl T, Krause H, Bulfone-Paus S. Regulation of IL-15 secretion via the leader peptide of two IL-15 isoforms. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 1997; 158:255-62. [PMID: 8977197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The secretion of IL-15, a potent modulator of T, B, and NK lymphocyte functions, is likely to be tightly controlled. Here, we show that human T lymphoblasts transcribe the IL-15 gene and generate an alternative splicing product that codes for the same amino acid composition as the mature IL-15 protein, but produces an IL-15 precursor protein with a shorter signal peptide. Both alternative splicing products are transcribed by non-IL-15-secreting lymphocytes, suggesting that IL-15 secretion is not primarily controlled at the level of transcription. We generated an in vitro system for correlating the expression, translation, and secretion of IL-15 or IL-15-IgG1 fusion protein. This revealed that the two isoforms of IL-15 or a truncated IL-15 variant, both alone and fused to human IgG1, are all transcribed and translated, but not efficiently secreted. After replacing the IL-15 leader peptide with a foreign one, translation and secretion clearly increase. These results suggest that IL-15 is mainly controlled at the level of translation and secretion.
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134
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Onu A, Pohl T, Krause H, Bulfone-Paus S. Regulation of IL-15 secretion via the leader peptide of two IL-15 isoforms. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 1997. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.158.1.255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The secretion of IL-15, a potent modulator of T, B, and NK lymphocyte functions, is likely to be tightly controlled. Here, we show that human T lymphoblasts transcribe the IL-15 gene and generate an alternative splicing product that codes for the same amino acid composition as the mature IL-15 protein, but produces an IL-15 precursor protein with a shorter signal peptide. Both alternative splicing products are transcribed by non-IL-15-secreting lymphocytes, suggesting that IL-15 secretion is not primarily controlled at the level of transcription. We generated an in vitro system for correlating the expression, translation, and secretion of IL-15 or IL-15-IgG1 fusion protein. This revealed that the two isoforms of IL-15 or a truncated IL-15 variant, both alone and fused to human IgG1, are all transcribed and translated, but not efficiently secreted. After replacing the IL-15 leader peptide with a foreign one, translation and secretion clearly increase. These results suggest that IL-15 is mainly controlled at the level of translation and secretion.
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135
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Krause H, Jandrig B, Wernicke C, Bulfone-Paus S, Pohl T, Diamantstein T. Genomic structure and chromosomal localization of the human interleukin 15 gene (IL-15). Cytokine 1996; 8:667-74. [PMID: 8932977 DOI: 10.1006/cyto.1996.0089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin 15 (IL-15) is a novel cytokine whose biological activities are similar to those of interleukin 2 (IL-2). The genomic sequence of human IL-15 has been isolated based on its sequence homology with a cDNA clone encoding human IL-15. The human sequence is 14968 bp in length and includes all six protein-coding exons and five introns. The location of the introns in the human sequence is identical to their positions in the murine IL-15 gene. The same is true for the overall size of the gene, which was estimated to be at least 32 kb. Using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) with gene-specific primers on a panel of human/rodent hybrid cell DNAs, as well as by fluorescence in situ hybridization the human IL-15 gene was mapped to chromosome 4 region q25-35.
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136
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Abstract
Trichophyton soudanense is a common cause of tinea capitis in north-western tropical Africa. In European countries, infection seems to occur nearly exclusively in African immigrants and not in the indigenous population. From 1986 to 1995 we obtained 7908 fungal cultures from patients undergoing treatment at the department of Dermatology in Aachen, Germany. During this period we observed eight cases of tinea capitis by T. soudanense in African immigrants aged 2-11 years. One African immigrant suffered from tinea pedis and one German patient demonstrated tinea corporis attributed to T. soudanense. All cases responded well to local antimycotics in combination with systemic griseofulvin.
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137
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Holocher R, Krause H, Hebart H, Mach M, Lindenmayer W, Vornhagen R, Kalbacher H, Einsele H, Müller C. Dominant T-cell recognition of sepcific epitopes of PP65 in the immune response against HCMV. Hum Immunol 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0198-8859(96)85372-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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138
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Herbst H, Foss HD, Samol J, Araujo I, Klotzbach H, Krause H, Agathanggelou A, Niedobitek G, Stein H. Frequent expression of interleukin-10 by Epstein-Barr virus-harboring tumor cells of Hodgkin's disease. Blood 1996; 87:2918-29. [PMID: 8639912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated Hodgkin's disease (HD) express the viral protein, latent infection membrane protein-1 (LMP1), but evade cytotoxic responses normally directed at this antigen. We tested whether local production of the immunoregulatory interleukins (IL)-4 and -10 may have a role in this process. IL-4 RNA was not detectable in any of the HD cases. By contrast, isotopic in situ hybridization and correlation with the presence of EBV gene products showed significantly higher proportions of cases with IL-10 expressing tumor cells in LMP1-positive (17 of 26, 66%) as compared with LMP1-negative HD cases (six of 37, 16%). Absence of EBV BCRF1 RNA indicated that the transcripts originated from the cellular IL-10 gene. Similarly, an association between IL-10 expression and EBV-infection of tumor cells was found in AIDS-related malignant non-Hodgkin lymphomas (ARL). Very small proportions of EBV-infected cells, mainly blasts, expressed IL-10 in infectious mononucleosis tonsils. Thus, although not entirely exclusive to EBV-positive cases, IL-10 expression is frequently associated with EBV-infection in HD and ARL and appears to be upregulated by EBV, most likely through LMP1. In view of the established inhibitory effects of IL-10 on cell mediated immunity, it is suggested that IL-10 expression may contribute to evasion of LMP1-positive cells from cytotoxicity directed at viral antigens.
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139
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Kunzendorf U, Pohl T, Bulfone-Paus S, Krause H, Notter M, Onu A, Walz G, Diamantstein T. Suppression of cell-mediated and humoral immune responses by an interleukin-2-immunoglobulin fusion protein in mice. J Clin Invest 1996; 97:1204-10. [PMID: 8636431 PMCID: PMC507172 DOI: 10.1172/jci118534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-2 (IL-2) plays a pivotal role in the cellular and humoral immune responses directed against foreign antigens. We characterized the in vitro and in vivo properties of a chimeric protein consisting of mouse IL-2 fused to the mouse IgG2b Fc domains. This fusion protein binds to IL-2 and Fc receptors and supports IL-2-dependent cell proliferation but does not mediate lysis of IL-2 receptor-positive cells in the presence of murine complement in vitro. However, in vivo the IL2-IgG2b fusion protein suppresses both cellular and humoral immune responses after immunization with sheep erythrocytes. Surprisingly, delayed hypersensitivity is inhibited despite a dramatic increase of splenic CD3+ and NK1.1+ lymphocytes, indicating that altered homing of IL2-IgG2b-activated lymphocytes rather than cytolysis prevents these cells from accumulating in areas of inflammation. Although in vitro the IL2-IgG2b fusion protein does not alter proliferation of B cells in response to mitogenic stimulation, IgM production in response to sheep erythrocytes is profoundly inhibited in mice treated with the IL2-IgG2b fusion protein. Since no side effects are observed, the IL2-IgG2b fusion protein may expand the therapeutic repertoire of reagents used for the treatment of allograft rejection and autoimmune diseases.
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140
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Kunzendorf U, Pohl T, Bulfone-Paus S, Krause H, Ziegler E, Onu A, Distler A. Immunomodulation in experimental and clinical nephrology using chimeric proteins. Kidney Blood Press Res 1996; 19:201-4. [PMID: 8887261 DOI: 10.1159/000174074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of immunosuppressive therapy in nephrology is to prevent autoimmune diseases and to suppress kidney allograft rejections while sparing other effects. Increased clarification of the underlying immune mechanism has made specific immunodulation possible using chimeric proteins in which the variable domains of an immunoglobulin are replaced by extracellular domains of cell surface molecules or cytokines. The immunosuppressive effects of fusion proteins such as CTLA-4 IgG, CD40 IgG, interleukin (IL)-10 IgG, IL-2 IgG or tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-receptor IgG have been proven in various animal models. Moreover, the application of TNF-receptor IgG successfully limited the OKT3-induced cytokine release syndrome in kidney graft recipients. It seems likely that recombinant proteins with increasingly effective suppression of specific elements of the immune response will become an essential element in clinical protocols.
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141
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Krause H, Neusser H. Photodissociation of state-selected cluster ions studied by mass-selective, pulsed-field threshold ionization spectroscopy. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/1010-6030(93)01035-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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142
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Garn H, Krause H, Enzmann V, Drössler K. An improved MTT assay using the electron-coupling agent menadione. J Immunol Methods 1994; 168:253-6. [PMID: 8308299 DOI: 10.1016/0022-1759(94)90062-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
A modification of the MTT based tetrazolium colorimetric assay is described. Using the electron-coupling agent menadione formazan formation by murine splenocytes and P-815 cells was significantly increased whereas dye reduction by macrophages was hardly influenced. These observations suggest that it should be possible to improve the tetrazolium based cytotoxicity assays of murine macrophages against cells of the syngeneic tumour cell line P-815.
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143
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Neusser H, Krause H. Decay energetics of molecular clusters studied by multiphoton mass spectrometry and pulsed field threshold ionization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0168-1176(93)03884-o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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144
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Krause H, Neusser HJ. Dissociation energy of neutral and ionic benzene‐noble gas dimers by pulsed field threshold ionization spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 1993. [DOI: 10.1063/1.465892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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145
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Krause H, Neusser H. The van der Waals modes of the (benzene-Ar)+ complex studied by mass selective pulsed field threshold ionization. Chem Phys Lett 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(93)89168-h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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146
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Daum W, Krause H, Reichel U, Ibach H. Identification of strained silicon layers at Si-SiO2 interfaces and clean Si surfaces by nonlinear optical spectroscopy. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1993; 71:1234-1237. [PMID: 10055484 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.71.1234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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147
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Zimmermann W, Bender E, Rohde K, Reis A, Wiseman R, Futreal A, Krause H, Prokoph H, Werner S, Scherneck S. Linkage analysis in German breast cancer families with early onset of the disease, using highly polymorphic markers from the chromosome 17q11-q24 region. Am J Hum Genet 1993; 52:789-91. [PMID: 8460645 PMCID: PMC1682094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Linkage analysis in German breast cancer families with early onset of the disease by using six markers on chromosome 17q11-q24 has been carried out. In the region between markers D17S250 and GH, three markers showed positive LOD scores at an estimated distance of zero. Evidence for linkage is greatest for D17S250, with a LOD score of 2.42.
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148
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David M, Sohl S, Krause H, Farkic M, Neuhaus R. [Changes in cervix cytology in women with liver transplants treated with immunosuppressive therapy]. ZENTRALBLATT FUR GYNAKOLOGIE 1993; 115:362-365. [PMID: 7692689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
During the time 1989 to 1992 we collected PAP smears of 58 women before and several times after a liver transplantation. Five of the patients (= 8.6%) showed a suspicious PAP smear, although pre-transplantation they had a normal cervical cytology. Histological one woman even had a higher grade dysplasia. 30 women received FK 506 after the liver transplantation, 28 patients Cyclosporin A as long-term medication. Likewise kidney and liver transplanted women have a higher risk to be affected by a cervical neoplasia. A acceleration of malignant growth seems to be likely. The influence on the cervical cells of both immunosuppressive drugs Cyclosporin A (Sandimmun) and FK 506 seem to be similar. It should be recommended to perform a close-meshed cervical cytology control when following -up the female liver transplant recipients.
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149
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Salvisberg P, Backenstoss G, Krause H, Powers RJ, Steinacher M, Weyer HJ, Wildi M, Hoffart A, Rzehorz B, Ullrich H, Bosnar D, Furic M, Petkovic T, Simicevic N, Zmeskal H, Janett A, Sherman RH. Pion absorption in tritium at intermediate energies. PHYSICAL REVIEW. C, NUCLEAR PHYSICS 1992; 46:2172-2198. [PMID: 9968345 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.46.2172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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150
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Krause H. Intermolecular forces. An introduction to modern methods and results. Herausgegeben von P. L. Huyskens, W. A. P. Luck und T. Zeegers-Huyskens. Springer, Berlin, 1991. X, 490 S., geb. DM 198.00. – ISBN 3-540-53410-5. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1992. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.19921041161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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