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Bertonnier‐Brouty L, Andersson J, Kaprio T, Hagström J, Bsharat S, Asplund O, Hatem G, Haglund C, Seppänen H, Prasad RB, Artner I. E2F transcription factors promote tumorigenicity in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e7187. [PMID: 38686617 PMCID: PMC11058697 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.7187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal cancers with limited treatment options, illustrating an urgent need to identify new drugable targets in PDACs. OBJECTIVE Using the similarities between tumor development and normal embryonic development, which is accompanied by rapid cell expansion, we aimed to identify and characterize embryonic signaling pathways that were reinitiated during tumor formation and expansion. METHODS AND RESULTS Here, we report that the transcription factors E2F1 and E2F8 are potential key regulators in PDAC. E2F1 and E2F8 RNA expression is mainly localized in proliferating cells in the developing pancreas and in malignant ductal cells in PDAC. Silencing of E2F1 and E2F8 in PANC-1 pancreatic tumor cells inhibited cell proliferation and impaired cell spreading and migration. Moreover, loss of E2F1 also affected cell viability and apoptosis with E2F expression in PDAC tissues correlating with expression of apoptosis and mitosis pathway genes, suggesting that E2F factors promote cell cycle regulation and tumorigenesis in PDAC cells. CONCLUSION Our findings illustrate that E2F1 and E2F8 transcription factors are expressed in pancreatic progenitor and PDAC cells, where they contribute to tumor cell expansion by regulation of cell proliferation, viability, and cell migration making these genes attractive therapeutic targets and potential prognostic markers for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludivine Bertonnier‐Brouty
- Lund Stem Cell CenterLund UniversityLundSweden
- Lund University Diabetes Center, Lund UniversityMalmöSweden
| | | | - Tuomas Kaprio
- Department of SurgeryHelsinki University HospitalHelsinkiFinland
- Translational Cancer Medicine Research Program, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
- iCAN, Digital Cancer Precision MedicineUniversity of Helsinki and HUS Helsinki University HospitalHelsinkiFinland
| | - Jaana Hagström
- Department of SurgeryHelsinki University HospitalHelsinkiFinland
- Translational Cancer Medicine Research Program, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
- iCAN, Digital Cancer Precision MedicineUniversity of Helsinki and HUS Helsinki University HospitalHelsinkiFinland
- Department of Oral Pathology and RadiologyUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
| | - Sara Bsharat
- Lund Stem Cell CenterLund UniversityLundSweden
- Lund University Diabetes Center, Lund UniversityMalmöSweden
| | - Olof Asplund
- Lund University Diabetes Center, Lund UniversityMalmöSweden
| | - Gad Hatem
- Lund University Diabetes Center, Lund UniversityMalmöSweden
| | - Caj Haglund
- Department of SurgeryHelsinki University HospitalHelsinkiFinland
- Translational Cancer Medicine Research Program, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
- iCAN, Digital Cancer Precision MedicineUniversity of Helsinki and HUS Helsinki University HospitalHelsinkiFinland
| | - Hanna Seppänen
- Department of SurgeryHelsinki University HospitalHelsinkiFinland
- Translational Cancer Medicine Research Program, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
- iCAN, Digital Cancer Precision MedicineUniversity of Helsinki and HUS Helsinki University HospitalHelsinkiFinland
| | | | - Isabella Artner
- Lund Stem Cell CenterLund UniversityLundSweden
- Lund University Diabetes Center, Lund UniversityMalmöSweden
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Zhang L, Yang L, Du K. Exosomal HSPB1, interacting with FUS protein, suppresses hypoxia-induced ferroptosis in pancreatic cancer by stabilizing Nrf2 mRNA and repressing P450. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18209. [PMID: 38682349 PMCID: PMC11056849 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a new type of programmed cell death, which has been involved in the progression of tumours. However, the regulatory network of ferroptosis in pancreatic cancer is still largely unknown. Here, using datasets from GEO and TCGA, we screened HSPB1, related to the P450 monooxygenase signalling, a fuel of ferroptosis, to be a candidate gene for regulating pancreatic cancer cell ferroptosis. We found that HSPB1 was enriched in the exosomes derived from human pancreatic cancer cell lines SW1990 and Panc-1. Then, hypoxic SW1990 cells were incubated with exosomes alone or together with HSPB1 siRNA (si-HSPB1), and we observed that exosomes promoted cell proliferation and invasion and suppressed ferroptosis, which was reversed by si-HSPB1. Moreover, we found a potential binding affinity between HSPB1 and FUS, verified their protein interaction by using dual-colour fluorescence colocalization and co-IP assays, and demonstrated the promoting effect of FUS on oxidative stress and ferroptosis in hypoxic SW1990 cells. Subsequently, FUS was demonstrated to bind with and stabilize the mRNA of Nrf2, a famous anti-ferroptosis gene that negatively regulates the level of P450. Furthermore, overexpressing FUS and activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway (using NK-252) both reversed the inhibitory effect of si-HSPB1 on exosome functions. Finally, our in vivo studies showed that exosome administration promote tumour growth in nude mice of xenotransplantation, which was able to be eliminated by knockdown of HSPB1. In conclusion, exosomal HSPB1 interacts with the RNA binding protein FUS and decreases FUS-mediated stability of Nrf2 mRNA, thus suppressing hypoxia-induced ferroptosis in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lun Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiP.R. China
| | - Liuxu Yang
- Health Science CenterXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiP.R. China
| | - Keyuan Du
- Health Science CenterXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiP.R. China
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Hoyt M, Song Y, Gao S, O'Palka J, Zhang J. Associations between Two Dietary Quality Scores and Pancreatic Cancer Risk in a US National Prospective Cohort Study. J Am Nutr Assoc 2024; 43:345-355. [PMID: 38096044 DOI: 10.1080/27697061.2023.2289520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Most previous studies investigated the associations between intake of individual nutrients and risk of disease, which failed to consider the potential interactions and correlations between various nutrients contained in food. Although dietary quality scores provide a comprehensive evaluation of the entire diet, it remains elusive whether they are associated with the risk of pancreatic cancer. METHODS Dietary intake data collected with the Dietary Questionnaire (DQX) and Diet History Questionnaire (DHQ) were used to calculate HEI-2015 and DQI-R scores for participants in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial. A high score indicates an increased intake of adequacy components and a decreased intake of moderation components. This study included 252 cases of pancreatic cancer documented from 58,477 persons during a median follow-up of 12.2 years in the DQX cohort and 372 cases of pancreatic cancer ascertained from 101,721 persons during a median follow-up of 8.9 years in the DHQ cohort. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was performed to calculate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the associations between the two dietary quality scores and pancreatic cancer risk. RESULTS After adjustment for confounders, HEI-2015 and DQI-R scores were not significantly associated with pancreatic cancer risk. However, a significantly lower risk was observed for overweight persons with a higher HEI-2015 score in the DQX cohort (HR [95% CI] comparing the highest with lowest tertile: 0.52 [0.32, 0.85], p for trend = 0.009) and those with higher scores of some individual components. CONCLUSION Collectively, overall dietary quality is not associated with an altered risk of pancreatic cancer in this US population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Hoyt
- Department of Epidemiology, Indiana University Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Yiqing Song
- Department of Epidemiology, Indiana University Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Sujuan Gao
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Indiana University Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health and School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jacquelynn O'Palka
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Indiana University School of Health and Human Sciences, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, Indiana University Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Maher S, Elmeligy HA, Aboushousha T, Helal NS, Ossama Y, Rady M, Hassan AMA, Kamel M. Synergistic immunomodulatory effect of synbiotics pre- and postoperative resection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a randomized controlled study. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2024; 73:109. [PMID: 38662232 PMCID: PMC11045696 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-024-03686-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive cancer with a highly immunosuppressive microenvironment. This single-blind, randomized study aimed to evaluate the synergistic immunomodulatory effects of synbiotics (probiotics and inulin prebiotics), as well as their impact on postoperative complications and outcomes, compared to the use of probiotics alone. Ninety patients diagnosed with PDAC were enrolled and randomly assigned into three groups: the placebo group, the probiotics group (receiving a mixture of ten strains of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Streptococcus bacteria at a dose of 25 billion CFUs), and the synbiotics group (the same probiotics along with inulin prebiotics). The interventions were administered for 14 days before the surgery and continued for one month postoperatively. Tumor tissue infiltration of CD8 + T cells and the expression of IFN γ were assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Inflammatory cytokines concentrations, including Il 1 B, IL 6, and IL 10, were evaluated as well by ELISA at various time points pre- and postoperative. Furthermore, patients were followed up after the surgery to assess postoperative short-term outcomes. Our results showed a significant elevation of CD8 + T cell proportion and IFN γ expression in the synbiotics group compared to the probiotics group (p = 0.049, p = 0.013, respectively). Inflammatory cytokines showed a significant gradual decrease in the synbiotics group compared to placebo and probiotics-treated groups (p = 0.000 for both). Administration of synbiotics and probiotics significantly decreased the rate of postoperative complications including anastomotic leakage, diarrhea, and abdominal distension (p = 0.032, p = 0.044, p = 0.042, respectively), with a remarkable reduction in bacteremia in the synbiotics group. These results revealed that this synbiotics formulation potentially enhances the immune response and reduces complications associated with surgery.Clinical trial identification: NCT06199752 (27-12-2023).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Maher
- Lecturer of Immunology, Immunology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Hesham A Elmeligy
- Associate Professor of General Surgery, Surgery Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - Tarek Aboushousha
- Professor of Pathology, Pathology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - Noha Said Helal
- Associate Professor of Pathology, Pathology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - Yousra Ossama
- Lecturer of Pathology, Pathology Department, October 6 University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Rady
- Lecturer of Surgery, Department of Surgery, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Mohamed A Hassan
- Professor of Surgery, Surgery Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - Manal Kamel
- Professor of Immunology, Immunology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
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Cooke SF, Wright TA, Sin YY, Ling J, Kyurkchieva E, Phanthaphol N, Mcskimming T, Herbert K, Rebus S, Biankin AV, Chang DK, Baillie GS, Blair CM. Disruption of the pro-oncogenic c-RAF-PDE8A complex represents a differentiated approach to treating KRAS-c-RAF dependent PDAC. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8998. [PMID: 38637546 PMCID: PMC11026450 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59451-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is considered the third leading cause of cancer mortality in the western world, offering advanced stage patients with few viable treatment options. Consequently, there remains an urgent unmet need to develop novel therapeutic strategies that can effectively inhibit pro-oncogenic molecular targets underpinning PDACs pathogenesis and progression. One such target is c-RAF, a downstream effector of RAS that is considered essential for the oncogenic growth and survival of mutant RAS-driven cancers (including KRASMT PDAC). Herein, we demonstrate how a novel cell-penetrating peptide disruptor (DRx-170) of the c-RAF-PDE8A protein-protein interaction (PPI) represents a differentiated approach to exploiting the c-RAF-cAMP/PKA signaling axes and treating KRAS-c-RAF dependent PDAC. Through disrupting the c-RAF-PDE8A protein complex, DRx-170 promotes the inactivation of c-RAF through an allosteric mechanism, dependent upon inactivating PKA phosphorylation. DRx-170 inhibits cell proliferation, adhesion and migration of a KRASMT PDAC cell line (PANC1), independent of ERK1/2 activity. Moreover, combining DRx-170 with afatinib significantly enhances PANC1 growth inhibition in both 2D and 3D cellular models. DRx-170 sensitivity appears to correlate with c-RAF dependency. This proof-of-concept study supports the development of DRx-170 as a novel and differentiated strategy for targeting c-RAF activity in KRAS-c-RAF dependent PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean F Cooke
- College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Thomas A Wright
- College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Yuan Yan Sin
- College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Jiayue Ling
- College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Elka Kyurkchieva
- College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Nattaporn Phanthaphol
- Siriraj Centre of Research Excellence for Cancer Immunotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thomas Mcskimming
- College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Katharine Herbert
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Selma Rebus
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Andrew V Biankin
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - David K Chang
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - George S Baillie
- College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Connor M Blair
- College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK.
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6
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Chang J, Sherman SK, De Andrade JP, Hoshi H, Howe JR, Chan CHF. Role of Diagnostic Laparoscopy During Pancreatic Cancer Surgery in the Modern Era. J Surg Res 2024; 298:269-276. [PMID: 38636183 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2024.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite improvements in preoperative image resolution, approximately 10% of curative-intent resection attempts for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma are aborted at the time of operation. To avoid nontherapeutic laparotomy, many surgeons perform intraoperative diagnostic laparoscopy (DL) to identify radiographically occult metastatic disease. There are no consensus guidelines regarding DL in pancreatic cancer. The goal of this study is to investigate the efficacy of same-procedure DL at avoiding nontherapeutic laparotomy. METHODS A single-institution retrospective review was performed from 2016 to 2022, identifying 196 patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma who were taken to the operating room for open curative-intent resection. Patient demographic, tumor characteristic, treatment, and outcome data were abstracted. Univariate and multivariate Cox hazard ratio analysis was performed to investigate risk factors for overall survival and recurrence-free survival. Number needed to treat (NNT) was calculated to identify number of DLs necessary to avoid one nontherapeutic laparotomy. RESULTS Curative-intent resection was achieved in 161 (82.1%) patients. One hundred twenty six (64.0%) patients received DL prior to resection and DL identified metastatic disease in three (2.4%) patients with an NNT of 42. NNT of DL in a subgroup analysis performed on clinically high-risk patients (defined by preoperative or preneoadjuvant therapy carbohydrate antigen 19-9 > 500 U/mL) is 11. Receipt of DL did not prolong operative times in patients receiving pancreaticoduodenectomy when accounting for completed versus aborted resection. CONCLUSIONS Although intraoperative DL is a short procedure with minimal morbidity, these data demonstrate that same-procedure DL has potential efficacy in avoiding nontherapeutic laparotomy only in a subgroup of clinically high-risk patients. Focus should remain on optimizing preoperative patient selection and further investigating novel diagnostic markers predictive of occult metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Chang
- Department of Surgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Scott K Sherman
- Department of Surgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa; Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa; Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - James P De Andrade
- Department of Surgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa; Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa; Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Hisakazu Hoshi
- Department of Surgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa; Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa; Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - James R Howe
- Department of Surgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa; Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa; Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Carlos H F Chan
- Department of Surgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa; Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa; Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa.
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Couvineau A, Haumaitre C. Special Issue: "Digestive Inflammation and New Therapeutical Targets". Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4361. [PMID: 38673946 PMCID: PMC11050353 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory diseases commonly associated with humans are chronic inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases (CIGDs) [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain Couvineau
- INSERM UMR1149/Inflammation Research Center (CRI), Faculty of Medicine X. Bichat, Université Paris Cité, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Cécile Haumaitre
- INSERM UMR1149/Inflammation Research Center (CRI), Faculty of Medicine X. Bichat, Université Paris Cité, 75018 Paris, France
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Cordeiro HG, Azevedo-Martins JM, Faria AVDS, Rocha-Brito KJP, Milani R, Peppelenbosch M, Fuhler G, de Fátima Â, Ferreira-Halder CV. Calix[6]arene dismantles extracellular vesicle biogenesis and metalloproteinases that support pancreatic cancer hallmarks. Cell Signal 2024; 119:111174. [PMID: 38604340 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Many challenges are faced in pancreatic cancer treatment due to late diagnosis and poor prognosis because of high recurrence and metastasis. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), besides acting in intercellular communication, are key players in the cancer cell plasticity responsible for initiating metastasis. Therefore, these entities provide valuable targets for the development of better treatments. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the potential of calix[6]arene to disturb the release of EVs and the activity of MMPs in pancreatic cancer cells. We found a correlation between the endocytic-associated mediators and the prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients. We observed a more active EV machinery in the pancreatic cancer cell line PANC-1, which was reduced three-fold by treatment with calix[6]arene at subtoxic concentration (5 μM; p 〈0,001). We observed the modulation of 186 microRNAs (164 miRNAs upregulated and 22 miRNAs downregulated) upon calix[6]arene treatment. Interestingly, some of them as miR-4443 and miR-3909, regulates genes HIF1A e KIF13A that are well known to play a role in transport of vesicles. Furthermore, Calix[6]arene downmodulated matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) -2 and - 9 and disturbed the viability of pancreatic organoids which recapitulate the cellular heterogeneity, structure, and functions of primary tissues. Our findings shed new insights on calix[6]arene's antitumor mechanism, including its intracellular effects on vesicle production and trafficking, as well as MMP activity, which may harm the tumor microenvironment and contribute to a reduction in cancer cell dissemination, which is one of the challenges associated with high mortality in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helon Guimarães Cordeiro
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jordana Maria Azevedo-Martins
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Valéria de Sousa Faria
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; Faculdade Israelita de Ciências da Saúde Albert Einstein, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Renato Milani
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maikel Peppelenbosch
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gwenny Fuhler
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ângelo de Fátima
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Carmen Veríssima Ferreira-Halder
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Chong ZX, Ho WY, Yeap SK. Tumour-regulatory role of long non-coding RNA HOXA-AS3. Prog Biophys Mol Biol 2024; 189:13-25. [PMID: 38593905 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2024.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Dysregulation of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) HOXA-AS3 has been shown to contribute to the development of multiple cancer types. Several studies have presented the tumour-modulatory role or prognostic significance of this lncRNA in various kinds of cancer. Overall, HOXA-AS3 can act as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) that inhibits the activity of seven microRNAs (miRNAs), including miR-29a-3p, miR-29 b-3p, miR-29c, miR-218-5p, miR-455-5p, miR-1286, and miR-4319. This relieves the downstream messenger RNA (mRNA) targets of these miRNAs from miRNA-mediated translational repression, allowing them to exert their effect in regulating cellular activities. Examples of the pathways regulated by lncRNA HOXA-AS3 and its associated downstream targets include the WNT/β-catenin and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) activities. Besides, HOXA-AS3 can interact with other cellular proteins like homeobox HOXA3 and HOXA6, influencing the oncogenic signaling pathways associated with these proteins. Generally, HOXA-AS3 is overexpressed in most of the discussed human cancers, making this lncRNA a potential candidate to diagnose cancer or predict the clinical outcomes of cancer patients. Hence, targeting HOXA-AS3 could be a new therapeutic approach to slowing cancer progression or as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target. A drawback of using lncRNA HOXA-AS3 as a biomarker or therapeutic target is that most of the studies that have reported the tumour-regulatory roles of lncRNA HOXA-AS3 are single observational, in vitro, or in vivo studies. More in-depth mechanistic and large-scale clinical trials must be conducted to confirm the tumour-modulatory roles of lncRNA HOXA-AS3 further. Besides, no lncRNA HOXA-AS3 inhibitor has been tested preclinically and clinically, and designing such an inhibitor is crucial as it may potentially slow cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Xiong Chong
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Wan Yong Ho
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Swee Keong Yeap
- China-ASEAN College of Marine Sciences, Xiamen University Malaysia, 43900 Sepang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Beč A, Persoons L, Daelemans D, Starčević K, Vianello R, Hranjec M. Biological activity and computational analysis of novel acrylonitrile derived benzazoles as potent antiproliferative agents for pancreatic adenocarcinoma with antioxidative properties. Bioorg Chem 2024; 147:107326. [PMID: 38653153 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Continuing our research into the anticancer properties of acrylonitriles, we present a study involving the design, synthesis, computational analysis, and biological assessment of novel acrylonitriles derived from methoxy, hydroxy, and N-substituted benzazole. Our aim was to examine how varying the number of methoxy and hydroxy groups, as well as the N-substituents on the benzimidazole core, influences their biological activity. The newly synthesized acrylonitriles exhibited strong and selective antiproliferative effects against the Capan-1 pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell line, with IC50 values ranging from 1.2 to 5.3 μM. Consequently, these compounds were further evaluated in three other pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell lines, while their impact on normal PBMC cells was also investigated to determine selectivity. Among these compounds, the monohydroxy-substituted benzimidazole derivative 27 emerged with the most profound and broad-spectrum anticancer antiproliferative activity being emerged as a promising lead candidate. Moreover, a majority of the acrylonitriles in this series exhibited significant antioxidative activity, surpassing that of the reference molecule BHT, as demonstrated by the FRAP assay (ranging from 3200 to 5235 mmolFe2+/mmolC). Computational analysis highlighted the prevalence of electron ionization in conferring antioxidant properties, with computed ionization energies correlating well with observed activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Beč
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Leentje Persoons
- KU Leuven Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dirk Daelemans
- KU Leuven Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kristina Starčević
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Robert Vianello
- Laboratory for the Computational Design and Synthesis of Functional Materials, Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Marijana Hranjec
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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Al-Hawary SIS, Almajidi YQ, Bansal P, Ahmad I, Kaur H, Hjazi A, Deorari M, Zwamel AH, Hamzah HF, Mohammed BA. Dendritic cell-derived exosome (DEX) therapy for digestive system cancers: Recent advances and future prospect. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 257:155288. [PMID: 38653088 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Tumor-mediated immunosuppression is a fundamental obstacle to the development of dendritic cell (DC)-based cancer vaccines, which despite their ability to stimulate host anti-tumor CD8 T cell immunity, have not been able to generate meaningful therapeutic responses. Exosomes are inactive membrane vesicles that are nanoscale in size and are produced by the endocytic pathway. They are essential for intercellular communication. Additionally, DC-derived exosomes (DEXs) contained MHC class I/II (MHCI/II), which is frequently complexed with antigens and co-stimulatory molecules and is therefore able to prime CD4 and CD8 T cells that are specific to particular antigens. Indeed, vaccines with DEXs have been shown to exhibit better anti-tumor efficacy in eradicating tumors compared to DC vaccines in pre-clinical models of digestive system tumors. Also, there is room for improvement in the tumor antigenic peptide (TAA) selection process. DCs release highly targeted exosomes when the right antigenic peptide is chosen, which could aid in the creation of DEX-based antitumor vaccines that elicit more targeted immune responses. Coupled with their resistance to tumor immunosuppression, DEXs-based cancer vaccines have been heralded as the superior alternative cell-free therapeutic vaccines over DC vaccines to treat digestive system tumors. In this review, current studies of DEXs cancer vaccines as well as potential future directions will be deliberated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yasir Qasim Almajidi
- Department of pharmacy (pharmaceutics), Baghdad College of Medical Sciences, Baghdad, Iraq.
| | - Pooja Bansal
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetics, Jain (Deemed-to-be) University, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560069, India; Department of Allied Healthcare and Sciences, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan 303012, India
| | - Irfan Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Harpreet Kaur
- School of Basic & Applied Sciences, Shobhit University, Gangoh, Uttar Pradesh 247341, India; Department of Health & Allied Sciences, Arka Jain University, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand 831001, India
| | - Ahmed Hjazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahamedha Deorari
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Ahmed Hussein Zwamel
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Hamza Fadhel Hamzah
- Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, AL-Nisour University College, Baghdad, Iraq
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12
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Galal MA, Al-Rimawi M, Hajeer A, Dahman H, Alouch S, Aljada A. Metformin: A Dual-Role Player in Cancer Treatment and Prevention. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4083. [PMID: 38612893 PMCID: PMC11012626 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25074083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer continues to pose a significant global health challenge, as evidenced by the increasing incidence rates and high mortality rates, despite the advancements made in chemotherapy. The emergence of chemoresistance further complicates the effectiveness of treatment. However, there is growing interest in the potential of metformin, a commonly prescribed drug for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), as an adjuvant chemotherapy agent in cancer treatment. Although the precise mechanism of action of metformin in cancer therapy is not fully understood, it has been found to have pleiotropic effects, including the modulation of metabolic pathways, reduction in inflammation, and the regulation of cellular proliferation. This comprehensive review examines the anticancer properties of metformin, drawing insights from various studies conducted in vitro and in vivo, as well as from clinical trials and observational research. This review discusses the mechanisms of action involving both insulin-dependent and independent pathways, shedding light on the potential of metformin as a therapeutic agent for different types of cancer. Despite promising findings, there are challenges that need to be addressed, such as conflicting outcomes in clinical trials, considerations regarding dosing, and the development of resistance. These challenges highlight the importance of further research to fully harness the therapeutic potential of metformin in cancer treatment. The aims of this review are to provide a contemporary understanding of the role of metformin in cancer therapy and identify areas for future exploration in the pursuit of effective anticancer strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Ahmed Galal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, P.O. Box 50927, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.G.); (M.A.-R.); (H.D.); (S.A.)
- Department of Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1QU, UK
| | - Mohammed Al-Rimawi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, P.O. Box 50927, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.G.); (M.A.-R.); (H.D.); (S.A.)
| | | | - Huda Dahman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, P.O. Box 50927, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.G.); (M.A.-R.); (H.D.); (S.A.)
| | - Samhar Alouch
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, P.O. Box 50927, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.G.); (M.A.-R.); (H.D.); (S.A.)
| | - Ahmad Aljada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, P.O. Box 50927, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.G.); (M.A.-R.); (H.D.); (S.A.)
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13
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Spadafora V, Pryce BR, Oles A, Talbert EE, Romeo M, Vaena S, Berto S, Ostrowski MC, Wang DJ, Guttridge DC. Optimization of a mouse model of pancreatic cancer to simulate the human phenotypes of metastasis and cachexia. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:414. [PMID: 38570770 PMCID: PMC10993462 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12104-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) presents with a high mortality rate. Two important features of PDAC contribute to this poor outcome. The first is metastasis which occurs in ~ 80% of PDAC patients. The second is cachexia, which compromises treatment tolerance for patients and reduces their quality of life. Although various mouse models of PDAC exist, recapitulating both metastatic and cachectic features have been challenging. METHODS Here, we optimize an orthotopic mouse model of PDAC by altering several conditions, including the subcloning of parental murine PDAC cells, implantation site, number of transplanted cells, and age of recipient mice. We perform spatial profiling to compare primary and metastatic immune microenvironments and RNA sequencing to gain insight into the mechanisms of muscle wasting in PDAC-induced cachexia, comparing non-metastatic to metastatic conditions. RESULTS These modifications extend the time course of the disease and concurrently increase the rate of metastasis to approximately 70%. Furthermore, reliable cachexia endpoints are achieved in both PDAC mice with and without metastases, which is reminiscent of patients. We also find that cachectic muscles from PDAC mice with metastasis exhibit a similar transcriptional profile to muscles derived from mice and patients without metastasis. CONCLUSION Together, this model is likely to be advantageous in both advancing our understanding of the mechanism of PDAC cachexia, as well as in the evaluation of novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Spadafora
- Department of Pediatrics, Darby Children's Research Institute, 416, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Benjamin R Pryce
- Department of Pediatrics, Darby Children's Research Institute, 416, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Alexander Oles
- Department of Pediatrics, Darby Children's Research Institute, 416, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Erin E Talbert
- Department of Health and Human Physiology, and the Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa, 52242, USA
| | - Martin Romeo
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Silvia Vaena
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Stefano Berto
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Michael C Ostrowski
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - David J Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Darby Children's Research Institute, 416, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
| | - Denis C Guttridge
- Department of Pediatrics, Darby Children's Research Institute, 416, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
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14
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Willems RAL, Biesmans C, Campello E, Simioni P, de Laat B, de Vos-Geelen J, Roest M, Ten Cate H. Cellular Components Contributing to the Development of Venous Thrombosis in Patients with Pancreatic Cancer. Semin Thromb Hemost 2024; 50:429-442. [PMID: 38049115 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1777304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive type of cancer and has a poor prognosis. Patients with PDAC are at high risk of developing thromboembolic events, which is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality following cancer progression. Plasma-derived coagulation is the most studied process in cancer-associated thrombosis. Other blood components, such as platelets, red blood cells, and white blood cells, have been gaining less attention. This narrative review addresses the literature on the role of cellular components in the development of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with PDAC. Blood cells seem to play an important role in the development of VTE. Altered blood cell counts, i.e., leukocytosis, thrombocytosis, and anemia, have been found to associate with VTE risk. Tumor-related activation of leukocytes leads to the release of tissue factor-expressing microvesicles and the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps, initiating coagulation and forming a scaffold for thrombi. Tissue factor-expressing microvesicles are also thought to be released by PDAC cells. PDAC cells have been shown to stimulate platelet activation and aggregation, proposedly via the secretion of podoplanin and mucins. Hypofibrinolysis, partially explained by increased plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 activity, is observed in PDAC. In short, PDAC-associated hypercoagulability is a complex and multifactorial process. A better understanding of cellular contributions to hypercoagulability might lead to the improvement of diagnostic tests to identify PDAC patients at highest risk of VTE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Anne Laura Willems
- Department of Functional Coagulation, Synapse Research Institute, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Thrombosis Expert Center Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Division of Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- CARIM, School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Charlotte Biesmans
- Department of Functional Coagulation, Synapse Research Institute, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Thrombosis Expert Center Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Division of Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Elena Campello
- General Medicine and Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Paolo Simioni
- General Medicine and Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Bas de Laat
- Department of Functional Coagulation, Synapse Research Institute, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- CARIM, School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Platelet Pathophysiology, Synapse Research Institute, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Judith de Vos-Geelen
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- GROW, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Mark Roest
- Department of Platelet Pathophysiology, Synapse Research Institute, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Hugo Ten Cate
- Thrombosis Expert Center Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Division of Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- CARIM, School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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15
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Furuse J, Osugi F, Machii K, Niibe K, Endo T. Effect of cancer cachexia on first-line chemotherapy in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer: a claims database study in Japan. Int J Clin Oncol 2024; 29:456-463. [PMID: 38353906 DOI: 10.1007/s10147-024-02467-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer cachexia is a multifactorial syndrome leading to progressive functional impairment. How cachexia affects the treatment course of chemotherapy in patients with pancreatic cancer has not been well understood. METHODS This is an exploratory, retrospective, observational cohort study using the Japanese medical claims database from Medical Data Vision Co., Ltd. The study population included patients diagnosed with pancreatic cancer in whom first-line FOLFIRINOX (FFX) or gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel (GnP) was initiated between October 1, 2018, and September 30, 2020. In this study, we defined patients with cancer cachexia as those who had a weight loss of ≥ 5% in the preceding 6 months. The primary outcome was time-to-treatment failure (TTF). The observation period was six months from the initiation of first-line FFX or GnP treatment. RESULTS A total of 1897 patients (421 patients into the cachexia group; 1476 patients into the non-cachexia group) were analyzed in this study. The median TTF was 121 days (95% confidence interval [CI] 94-146) in the cachexia group and 143 days (95% CI 134-152) in the non-cachexia group. The hazard ratio for TTF of the cachexia versus non-cachexia group was 1.136 (95% CI 0.979-1.319). The median number of doses was two doses fewer in the cachexia group than in the non-cachexia group for both FFX and GnP. CONCLUSION Cancer cachexia was suggested to be associated with shorter TTF and a reduced number of doses in patients with pancreatic cancer who received first-line FFX or GnP treatment. Clinical Trial Registration clinicaltrials.jp: UMIN000045820.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junji Furuse
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, 2-3-2 Nakao, Asahi-Ku, Yokohama, 241-8515, Japan.
| | - Fumihiko Osugi
- Medical Affairs, Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 8-2, Kyutaromachi 1-Chome Chuo-Ku, Osaka-Shi, 541-8564, Japan
| | - Koji Machii
- Medical Affairs, Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 8-2, Kyutaromachi 1-Chome Chuo-Ku, Osaka-Shi, 541-8564, Japan
| | - Koji Niibe
- Digital Strategy & Planning, Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 8-2, Kyutaromachi 1-Chome Chuo-Ku, Osaka-Shi, 541-8564, Japan
| | - Toshimitsu Endo
- Medical Affairs, Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 8-2, Kyutaromachi 1-Chome Chuo-Ku, Osaka-Shi, 541-8564, Japan
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Mogal MR, Jame JA, Sohel M, Mozibullah M, Mahmod MR, Junayed A, Kar N, Arbia L, Al Mamun A, Sikder MA. Integrated bioinformatics analysis reveals upregulated extracellular matrix hub genes in pancreatic cancer: Implications for diagnosis, prognosis, immune infiltration, and therapeutic strategies. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2024; 7:e2059. [PMID: 38639039 PMCID: PMC11027013 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.2059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer (PC) stands out as one of the most formidable malignancies and exhibits an exceptionally unfavorable clinical prognosis due to the absence of well-defined diagnostic indicators and its tendency to develop resistance to therapeutic interventions. The primary objective of this present study was to identify extracellular matrix (ECM)-related hub genes (HGs) and their corresponding molecular signatures, with the intent of potentially utilizing them as biomarkers for diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic applications. METHODS Three microarray datasets were sourced from the NCBI database to acquire upregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs), while MatrisomeDB was employed for filtering ECM-related genes. Subsequently, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was established using the STRING database. The created network was visually inspected through Cytoscape, and HGs were identified using the CytoHubba plugin tool. Furthermore, enrichment analysis, expression pattern analysis, clinicopathological correlation, survival analysis, immune cell infiltration analysis, and examination of chemical compounds were carried out using Enrichr, GEPIA2, ULCAN, Kaplan Meier plotter, TIMER2.0, and CTD web platforms, respectively. The diagnostic and prognostic significance of HGs was evaluated through the ROC curve analysis. RESULTS Ten genes associated with ECM functions were identified as HGs among 131 DEGs obtained from microarray datasets. Notably, the expression of these HGs exhibited significantly (p < 0.05) higher in PC, demonstrating a clear association with tumor advancement. Remarkably, higher expression levels of these HGs were inversely correlated with the likelihood of patient survival. Moreover, ROC curve analysis revealed that identified HGs are promising biomarkers for both diagnostic (AUC > 0.75) and prognostic (AUC > 0.64) purposes. Furthermore, we observed a positive correlation between immune cell infiltration and the expression of most HGs. Lastly, our study identified nine compounds with significant interaction profiles that could potentially act as effective chemical agents targeting the identified HGs. CONCLUSION Taken together, our findings suggest that COL1A1, KRT19, MMP1, COL11A1, SDC1, ITGA2, COL1A2, POSTN, FN1, and COL5A1 hold promise as innovative biomarkers for both the diagnosis and prognosis of PC, and they present as prospective targets for therapeutic interventions aimed at impeding the progression PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Roman Mogal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyMawlana Bhashani Science and Technology UniversityTangailBangladesh
| | - Jasmin Akter Jame
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyMawlana Bhashani Science and Technology UniversityTangailBangladesh
| | - Md Sohel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyPrimeasia UniversityDhakaBangladesh
| | - Md Mozibullah
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyMawlana Bhashani Science and Technology UniversityTangailBangladesh
| | - Md Rashel Mahmod
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyMawlana Bhashani Science and Technology UniversityTangailBangladesh
| | - Asadullah Junayed
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyMawlana Bhashani Science and Technology UniversityTangailBangladesh
| | - Newton Kar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyMawlana Bhashani Science and Technology UniversityTangailBangladesh
| | - Lubatul Arbia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyPrimeasia UniversityDhakaBangladesh
| | - Abdullah Al Mamun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyMawlana Bhashani Science and Technology UniversityTangailBangladesh
| | - Md Asaduzzaman Sikder
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyMawlana Bhashani Science and Technology UniversityTangailBangladesh
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17
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Shu Y, Huang H, Gao M, Xu W, Cao X, Jia X, Deng B. Lipid Metabolism-Related Gene Markers Used for Prediction Prognosis, Immune Microenvironment, and Tumor Stage of Pancreatic Cancer. Biochem Genet 2024; 62:931-949. [PMID: 37505298 PMCID: PMC11031448 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10457-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Recently, more and more evidence shows that lipid metabolism disorder has been observed in tumor, which impacts tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, metastasis, and response to the tumor microenvironment (TME) and tumor treatment. However, hitherto there has not been sufficient research to demonstrate the role of lipid metabolism in pancreatic cancer. This study contrives to get an insight into the relationship between the characteristics of lipid metabolism and pancreatic cancer. We collected samples of patients with pancreatic cancer from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), the Therapeutically Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatments (TARGET), and the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) databases. Firstly, we implemented univariate regression analysis to get prognosis-related lipid metabolism genes screened and a construction of protein-protein interaction (PPI) network ensued. Then, contingent on our screening results, we explored the molecular subtypes mediated by lipid metabolism-related genes and the correlated TME cell infiltration. Additionally, we studied the disparately expressed genes among disparate lipid metabolism subtypes and established a scoring model of lipid metabolism-related characteristics using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis. At last, we explored the relationship between the scoring model and disease prognosis, tumor stage, tumor microenvironment, and immunotherapy. Two subtypes, C1 and C2, were identified, and lipid metabolism-related genes were studied. The result indicated that the patients with subtype C2 have a significantly lower survival rate than that of the patients with subtype C1, and we found difference in abundance of different immune-infiltrating cells. The gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses revealed the association of these differentially expressed genes with functions and pathways related to lipid metabolism. Finally, we established a scoring model of lipid metabolism-related characteristics based on the disparately expressed genes. The results show that our scoring model have a substantial effect on forecasting the prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer. The lipid metabolism model is an important biomarker of pancreatic cancer. Using the model, the relationship between disease prognosis, molecular subtypes, TME cell infiltration characteristics, and immunotherapy in pancreatic cancer patients could be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Shu
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330000, People's Republic of China
- Departments of Endocrine, The First Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330008, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiqiang Huang
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330000, People's Republic of China
- Departments of Endocrine, The First Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330008, People's Republic of China
| | - Minjie Gao
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330000, People's Republic of China
- Departments of Endocrine, The First Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330008, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjie Xu
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330000, People's Republic of China
- Departments of Endocrine, The First Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330008, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Cao
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330000, People's Republic of China
- Departments of Endocrine, The First Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330008, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoze Jia
- Internet of Things Engineering, College of Wuxi University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214000, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Deng
- Departments of Endocrine, The First Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330008, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Zamani M, Alizadeh-Tabari S, Murad MH, Ananthakrishnan AN, Malekzadeh R, Talley NJ. Meta-analysis: Risk of pancreatic cancer in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2024; 59:918-927. [PMID: 38372406 DOI: 10.1111/apt.17919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies exploring the association between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and pancreatic cancer have reported inconsistent results. AIMS To provide a comprehensive overview of the risk of pancreatic cancer development in patients with IBD. METHODS We searched Embase, PubMed, Scopus and ProQuest from inception to 31 October 2023. We included population-based cohort studies examining the risk of incident pancreatic cancer in adult patients with IBD compared to the non-IBD population. We also retrieved Mendelian randomisation (MR) studies investigating the relationship of IBD with pancreatic cancer risk. We conducted random-effects meta-analyses and provided pooled relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS We included 13 studies. Among 11 cohort studies, the risk of developing pancreatic cancer increased by 79% in patients with IBD (RR = 1.79 [95% CI: 1.16-2.75]; I2 = 95.7%). Patients either with Crohn's disease (RR = 1.42 [95% CI: 1.24-1.63]) or ulcerative colitis (RR = 1.50 [95% CI: 1.17-1.92]) had increased risk (p for interaction = 0.72). The annual incidence of pancreatic cancer potentially attributable to IBD increased by 55 cases (95% CI: 17-103) per million. Two MR studies demonstrated that genetic liability to IBD was associated with an increased risk of pancreatic cancer. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest a moderate increase in the risk of pancreatic cancer in patients with IBD, which may be further heightened by genetic predisposition to IBD. The increased risk of pancreatic cancer is probably similar in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Zamani
- Digestive Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shaghayegh Alizadeh-Tabari
- Digestive Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hassan Murad
- Kern Center for the Science of Healthcare Delivery Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Ashwin N Ananthakrishnan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Reza Malekzadeh
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nicholas J Talley
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
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Kim K. The Role of Endocrine Disruption Chemical-Regulated Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Activity in the Pathogenesis of Pancreatic Diseases and Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3818. [PMID: 38612627 PMCID: PMC11012155 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) serves as a ligand-activated transcription factor crucial for regulating fundamental cellular and molecular processes, such as xenobiotic metabolism, immune responses, and cancer development. Notably, a spectrum of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) act as agonists or antagonists of AHR, leading to the dysregulation of pivotal cellular and molecular processes and endocrine system disruption. Accumulating evidence suggests a correlation between EDC exposure and the onset of diverse pancreatic diseases, including diabetes, pancreatitis, and pancreatic cancer. Despite this association, the mechanistic role of AHR as a linchpin molecule in EDC exposure-related pathogenesis of pancreatic diseases and cancer remains unexplored. This review comprehensively examines the involvement of AHR in EDC exposure-mediated regulation of pancreatic pathogenesis, emphasizing AHR as a potential therapeutic target for the pathogenesis of pancreatic diseases and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyounghyun Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72225, USA
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20
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Reshkin SJ, Cardone RA, Koltai T. Genetic Signature of Human Pancreatic Cancer and Personalized Targeting. Cells 2024; 13:602. [PMID: 38607041 PMCID: PMC11011857 DOI: 10.3390/cells13070602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a highly lethal disease with a 5-year survival rate of around 11-12%. Surgery, being the treatment of choice, is only possible in 20% of symptomatic patients. The main reason is that when it becomes symptomatic, IT IS the tumor is usually locally advanced and/or has metastasized to distant organs; thus, early diagnosis is infrequent. The lack of specific early symptoms is an important cause of late diagnosis. Unfortunately, diagnostic tumor markers become positive at a late stage, and there is a lack of early-stage markers. Surgical and non-surgical cases are treated with neoadjuvant and/or adjuvant chemotherapy, and the results are usually poor. However, personalized targeted therapy directed against tumor drivers may improve this situation. Until recently, many pancreatic tumor driver genes/proteins were considered untargetable. Chemical and physical characteristics of mutated KRAS are a formidable challenge to overcome. This situation is slowly changing. For the first time, there are candidate drugs that can target the main driver gene of pancreatic cancer: KRAS. Indeed, KRAS inhibition has been clinically achieved in lung cancer and, at the pre-clinical level, in pancreatic cancer as well. This will probably change the very poor outlook for this disease. This paper reviews the genetic characteristics of sporadic and hereditary predisposition to pancreatic cancer and the possibilities of a personalized treatment according to the genetic signature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan J. Reshkin
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy;
| | - Rosa Angela Cardone
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy;
| | - Tomas Koltai
- Oncomed, Via Pier Capponi 6, 50132 Florence, Italy
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21
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Tripathi AD, Labh Y, Katiyar S, Singh AK, Chaturvedi VK, Mishra A. Folate-Mediated Targeting and Controlled Release: PLGA-Encapsulated Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Delivering Capecitabine to Pancreatic Tumor. ACS Appl Bio Mater 2024. [PMID: 38530292 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
The discovery of specifically tailored therapeutic delivery systems has sparked the interest of pharmaceutical researchers considering improved therapeutic effectiveness and fewer adverse effects. The current study concentrates on the design and characterization of PLGA (polylactic-co-glycolic acid) capped mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN)-based systems for drug delivery for pH-sensitive controlled drug release in order to achieve a targeted drug release inside the acidic tumor microenvironment. The physicochemical properties of the nanoformulations were analyzed using TEM, zeta potential, AFM, TGA, FTIR, and BET analyses in addition to DLS size. The final formed PLGA-FoA-MSN-CAP and pure MSN had sizes within the therapeutic ranges of 164.5 ± 1.8 and 110.7 ± 2.2, respectively. Morphological characterization (TEM and AFM) and elemental analysis (FTIR and XPS) confirmed the proper capping and tagging of PLGA and folic acid (FoA). The PLGA-coated FoA-MSN exhibited a pH-dependent controlled release of the CAP (capecitabine) drug, showing efficient release at pH 6.8. Furthermore, the in vitro MTT test on PANC1 and MIAPaCa-2 resulted in an IC50 value of 146.37 μg/ml and 105.90 μg/ml, respectively. Mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis was confirmed from the caspase-3 and annexin V/PI flow cytometry assay, which displayed a cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase. Overall, the results predicted that the designed nanoformulation is a potential therapeutic agent in treating pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhay Dev Tripathi
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi-221005, India
| | - Yamini Labh
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi-221005, India
| | - Soumya Katiyar
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi-221005, India
| | - Anurag Kumar Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi-221005, India
| | - Vivek K Chaturvedi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Medical Sciences (BHU), Varanasi-221005, India
| | - Abha Mishra
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi-221005, India
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22
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Stefanoudakis D, Frountzas M, Schizas D, Michalopoulos NV, Drakaki A, Toutouzas KG. Significance of TP53, CDKN2A, SMAD4 and KRAS in Pancreatic Cancer. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:2827-2844. [PMID: 38666907 PMCID: PMC11049225 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46040177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The present review demonstrates the major tumor suppressor genes, including TP53, CDKN2A and SMAD4, associated with pancreatic cancer. Each gene's role, prevalence and impact on tumor development and progression are analyzed, focusing on the intricate molecular landscape of pancreatic cancer. In addition, this review underscores the prognostic significance of specific mutations, such as loss of TP53, and explores some potential targeted therapies tailored to these molecular signatures. The findings highlight the importance of genomic analyses for risk assessment, early detection and the design of personalized treatment approaches in pancreatic cancer. Overall, this review provides a comprehensive analysis of the molecular intricacies of pancreatic tumors, paving the way for more effective and tailored therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Stefanoudakis
- First Propaedeutic Department of Surgery, Hippocration General Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (D.S.); (N.V.M.)
| | - Maximos Frountzas
- First Propaedeutic Department of Surgery, Hippocration General Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (D.S.); (N.V.M.)
| | - Dimitrios Schizas
- First Department of Surgery, Laikon General Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Nikolaos V. Michalopoulos
- First Propaedeutic Department of Surgery, Hippocration General Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (D.S.); (N.V.M.)
| | - Alexandra Drakaki
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Konstantinos G. Toutouzas
- First Propaedeutic Department of Surgery, Hippocration General Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (D.S.); (N.V.M.)
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23
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Shah NN, Dave BP, Shah KC, Shah DD, Maheshwari KG, Chorawala MR, Parekh PS, Jani M. Disabled-2, a versatile tissue matrix multifunctional scaffold protein with multifaceted signaling: Unveiling its potential in the cancer battle. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03037-3. [PMID: 38502243 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03037-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
A multifunctional scaffold protein termed Disabled-2 (Dab2) has recently gained attention in the scientific community and has emerged as a promising candidate in the realm of cancer research. Dab2 protein is involved in a variety of signaling pathways, due to which its significance in the pathogenesis of several carcinomas has drawn considerable attention. Dab2 is essential for controlling the advancement of cancer because it engages in essential signaling pathways such as the Wnt/β-catenin, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) pathways. Dab2 can also repress epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) which is involved in tumor progression with metastatic expansion and adds another layer of significance to its possible impact on cancer spread. Furthermore, the role of Dab2 in processes such as cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, invasion, and metastasis has been explored in certain investigative studies suggesting its significance. The present review examines the role of Dab2 in the pathogenesis of various cancer subtypes including breast cancer, ovarian cancer, gastric cancer, prostate cancer, and bladder urothelial carcinoma and also sheds some light on its potential to act as a therapeutic target and a prognostic marker in the treatment of various carcinomas. By deciphering this protein's diverse signaling, we hope to provide useful insights that may pave the way for novel therapeutic techniques and tailored treatment approaches in cancer management. Preclinical and clinical trial data on the impact of Dab2 regulation in cancer have also been included, allowing us to delineate role of Dab2 in tumor suppressor function, as well as its correlation with disease stage classification and potential therapy options. However, we observed that there is very scarce data in the form of studies on the evaluation of Dab2 role and treatment function in carcinomas, and further research into this matter could prove beneficial in the generation of novel therapeutic agents for patient-centric and tailored therapy, as well as early prognosis of carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi N Shah
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Opp. Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Bhavarth P Dave
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Opp. Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Kashvi C Shah
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Opp. Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Disha D Shah
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Opp. Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Kunal G Maheshwari
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Opp. Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Mehul R Chorawala
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Opp. Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India.
| | - Priyajeet S Parekh
- AV Pharma LLC, 1545 University Blvd N Ste A, Jacksonville, FL, 32211, USA
| | - Maharsh Jani
- Anand Niketan Shilaj, Ahmedabad, 380059, Gujarat, India
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24
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Xie Y, Zhou T, Li X, Zhao K, Bai W, Hou X, Liu Z, Ni B, Zhang Z, Yan J, Wang Y, Jiang W, Wang H, Chang A, Gao S, Zhao T, Yang S, Huang C, Liu J, Hao J. Targeting ESE3/EHF With Nifurtimox Inhibits CXCR2 + Neutrophil Infiltration and Overcomes Pancreatic Cancer Resistance to Chemotherapy and Immunotherapy. Gastroenterology 2024:S0016-5085(24)00291-9. [PMID: 38492894 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2024.02.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Because pancreatic cancer responds poorly to chemotherapy and immunotherapy, it is necessary to identify novel targets and compounds to overcome resistance to treatment. METHODS This study analyzed genomic single nucleotide polymorphism sequencing, single-cell RNA sequencing, and spatial transcriptomics. Ehf-knockout mice, KPC (LSL-KrasG12D/+, LSL-Trp53R172H/+ and Pdx1-Cre) mice, CD45.1+ BALB/C nude mice, and CD34+ humanized mice were also used as subjects. Multiplexed immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry were performed to investigate the proportion of tumor-infiltrated C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2)+ neutrophils. In addition, multiplexed cytokines assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays were used to examine the mechanism. RESULTS The TP53 mutation-mediated loss of tumoral EHF increased the recruitment of CXCR2+ neutrophils, modulated their spatial distribution, and further induced chemo- and immunotherapy resistance in clinical cohorts and preclinical syngeneic mice models. Mechanistically, EHF deficiency induced C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1 (CXCL1) transcription to enhance in vitro and in vivo CXCR2+ neutrophils migration. Moreover, CXCL1 or CXCR2 blockade completely abolished the effect, indicating that EHF regulated CXCR2+ neutrophils migration in a CXCL1-CXCR2-dependent manner. The depletion of CXCR2+ neutrophils also blocked the in vivo effects of EHF deficiency on chemotherapy and immunotherapy resistance. The single-cell RNA-sequencing results of PDAC treated with Nifurtimox highlighted the therapeutic significance of Nifurtimox by elevating the expression of tumoral EHF and decreasing the weightage of CXCL1-CXCR2 pathway within the microenvironment. Importantly, by simultaneously inhibiting the JAK1/STAT1 pathway, it could significantly suppress the recruitment and function of CXCR2+ neutrophils, further sensitizing PDAC to chemotherapy and immunotherapies. CONCLUSIONS The study demonstrated the role of EHF in the recruitment of CXCR2+ neutrophils and the promising role of Nifurtimox in sensitizing pancreatic cancer to chemotherapy and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjie Xie
- Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Tianxing Zhou
- Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Xueyang Li
- Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China; Department of Breast Oncoplastic Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Kaili Zhao
- Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Weiwei Bai
- Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Xupeng Hou
- Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China; Department of Breast Oncoplastic Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Ziyun Liu
- Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China; Department of Breast Oncoplastic Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Bo Ni
- Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhaoyu Zhang
- Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingrui Yan
- Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenna Jiang
- Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital
| | - Hongwei Wang
- Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Antao Chang
- Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Song Gao
- Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Tiansuo Zhao
- Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Shengyu Yang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Chongbiao Huang
- Senior Ward, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China; Department of Breast Oncoplastic Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, China.
| | - Jihui Hao
- Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.
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25
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Koukaki T, Balgkouranidou I, Biziota E, Karayiannakis A, Bolanaki H, Karamitrousis E, Zarogoulidis P, Deftereos S, Charalampidis C, Ioannidis A, Matthaios D, Amarantidis K, Kakolyris S. Prognostic significance of BRCA1 and BRCA2 methylation status in circulating cell-free DNA of Pancreatic Cancer patients. J Cancer 2024; 15:2573-2579. [PMID: 38577595 PMCID: PMC10988318 DOI: 10.7150/jca.93184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Pancreatic cancer is the most fatal cancer type in the world. Its high mortality is mostly correlated to the absence of symptoms and the difficulty in early diagnosis, which in the majority of the cases occurs when the disease has already spread metastasis. Nowadays, tests that could predict early diagnosis are not available yet and the number of prognostic tests is limited. Hence, there is an urgent need for biomarkers capable of detecting early development or the rapid progression of the disease. Patients and Methods: DNA methylation represents the most frequent epigenetic event among tumor suppressor genes that are involved in various carcinogenic pathways. In the recent study we have tried to evaluate, for the first time, the prognostic value of BRCA1 and BRCA2 methylation in the cell-free DNA of pancreatic cancer patients. Using methylation-specific real-time PCR we examined the methylation status of BRCA1 and BRCA2 in 55 patients with operable and 50 patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer. In the operable disease setting, BRCA1 was found to be methylated in 33/55 (63.5%) patients examined while BRCA2 was also highly methylated in 31/55 (56.3%). In the metastatic disease, BRCA1 was found to be methylated in 26/50 (52%) while BRCA2 was found methylated in 23/50 (46%). Results: All control samples were negative for BRCA1 orBRCA2 promoter methylation. Patients with operable pancreatic cancer and a methylated BRCA1 and BRCA2 promoter status had a statistically significant poorer outcome as compared with patients with a non-methylated one (p=0.012 and p=0.001, respectively). Conclusion: In this study plasma methylation of BRCA1 and BRCA2 represents a frequent event in both the operable as well as in the metastatic setting. BRCA1 and BRCA2 methylation was significant and correlated with decreased survival in patients with operable pancreatic cancer. A larger cohort of patients is required to further explore the potential of these findings as well as to investigate whether BRCA1/2 methylation in plasma could serve as a potential prognostic biomarker in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Triantafyllia Koukaki
- Department of Medical Oncology, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Greece
| | - Ioanna Balgkouranidou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Greece
| | - Eirini Biziota
- Department of Medical Oncology, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Greece
| | | | - Helen Bolanaki
- Department of 2nd Surgery, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Greece
| | - Evangelos Karamitrousis
- University Medical Oncology department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Papageorgiou General Hospital
| | - Paul Zarogoulidis
- Pulmonary Oncology Department, General Clinic Euromedica, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Savas Deftereos
- Radiology Department, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Greece
| | | | - Aris Ioannidis
- Surgery Department, Genesis Private Clinic, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Kyriakos Amarantidis
- Department of Medical Oncology, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Greece
| | - Stylianos Kakolyris
- Department of Medical Oncology, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Greece
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26
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Chen Q, Hu Y, Lin W, Huang Z, Li J, Lu H, Dai R, You L. Studying the impact of marital status on diagnosis and survival prediction in pancreatic ductal carcinoma using machine learning methods. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5273. [PMID: 38438400 PMCID: PMC10912082 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53145-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a commonly occurring malignant tumor, with pancreatic ductal carcinoma (PDAC) accounting for approximately 95% of cases. According of its poor prognosis, identifying prognostic factors of pancreatic ductal carcinoma can provide physicians with a reliable theoretical foundation when predicting patient survival. This study aimed to analyze the impact of marital status on survival outcomes of PDAC patients using propensity score matching and machine learning. The goal was to develop a prognosis prediction model specific to married patients with PDAC. We extracted a total of 206,968 patient records of pancreatic cancer from the SEER database. To ensure the baseline characteristics of married and unmarried individuals were balanced, we used a 1:1 propensity matching score. We then conducted Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional-hazards regression to examine the impact of marital status on PDAC survival before and after matching. Additionally, we developed machine learning models to predict 5-year CSS and OS for married patients with PDAC specifically. In total, 24,044 PDAC patients were included in this study. After 1:1 propensity matching, 8043 married patients and 8,043 unmarried patients were successfully enrolled. Multivariate analysis and the Kaplan-Meier curves demonstrated that unmarried individuals had a poorer survival rate than their married counterparts. Among the algorithms tested, the random forest performed the best, with 0.734 5-year CSS and 0.795 5-year OS AUC. This study found a significant association between marital status and survival in PDAC patients. Married patients had the best prognosis, while widowed patients had the worst. The random forest is a reliable model for predicting survival in married patients with PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingquan Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China
- The School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, China
| | - Yiming Hu
- The School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, China
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Wen Lin
- Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, China
| | - Zhimin Huang
- The School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- Anyang University, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Haibin Lu
- The School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, China
| | - Rongrong Dai
- The School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, China
| | - Liuxia You
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China.
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27
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Huo M, Rai SK, Nakatsu K, Deng Y, Jijiwa M. Subverting the Canon: Novel Cancer-Promoting Functions and Mechanisms for snoRNAs. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2923. [PMID: 38474168 PMCID: PMC10932220 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) constitute a class of intron-derived non-coding RNAs ranging from 60 to 300 nucleotides. Canonically localized in the nucleolus, snoRNAs play a pivotal role in RNA modifications and pre-ribosomal RNA processing. Based on the types of modifications they involve, such as methylation and pseudouridylation, they are classified into two main families-box C/D and H/ACA snoRNAs. Recent investigations have revealed the unconventional synthesis and biogenesis strategies of snoRNAs, indicating their more profound roles in pathogenesis than previously envisioned. This review consolidates recent discoveries surrounding snoRNAs and provides insights into their mechanistic roles in cancer. It explores the intricate interactions of snoRNAs within signaling pathways and speculates on potential therapeutic solutions emerging from snoRNA research. In addition, it presents recent findings on the long non-coding small nucleolar RNA host gene (lncSNHG), a subset of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which are the transcripts of parental SNHGs that generate snoRNA. The nucleolus, the functional epicenter of snoRNAs, is also discussed. Through a deconstruction of the pathways driving snoRNA-induced oncogenesis, this review aims to serve as a roadmap to guide future research in the nuanced field of snoRNA-cancer interactions and inspire potential snoRNA-related cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Huo
- Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA;
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA; (S.K.R.); (K.N.)
| | - Sudhir Kumar Rai
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA; (S.K.R.); (K.N.)
| | - Ken Nakatsu
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA; (S.K.R.); (K.N.)
- Emory College of Arts and Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Youping Deng
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA; (S.K.R.); (K.N.)
| | - Mayumi Jijiwa
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA; (S.K.R.); (K.N.)
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Zeng L, Chen Z. Screening of genes characteristic of pancreatic cancer by LASSO regression combined with support vector machine and recursive feature elimination, and immune correlation analysis. J Int Med Res 2024; 52:3000605241233160. [PMID: 38456653 PMCID: PMC10924566 DOI: 10.1177/03000605241233160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer is a malignant tumor of the digestive tract that shows increased mortality, recurrence, and morbidity year on year. METHODS Differentially expressed genes between pancreatic cancer and healthy tissues were first analyzed from four datasets within the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Gene ontology, disease ontology, and gene set enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes were performed, and genes identified as characteristic of pancreatic cancer were screened using LASSO regression combined with support vector machine and recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE). Differential analysis and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis were performed on the identified eigengenes, and validation was carried out using another dataset from the GEO database. Differences and correlations between characteristic pancreatic cancer genes and immune cells were analyzed. RESULTS A total of 90 differentially expressed genes were identified by screening, and six genes characteristic of pancreatic cancer were obtained by taking the intersection of two characteristic genes identified by machine learning. Immunoassays yielded multiple immune cells associated with pancreatic cancer signature genes. CONCLUSION The six characteristic genes screened by a combination of LASSO regression and SVM-RFE are potential new biomarkers for the early diagnosis and prognosis of pancreatic cancer, and could be a novel therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longhui Zeng
- Organ Transplant Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University
| | - Zheng Chen
- Organ Transplant Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University
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Jeong HT, Kim HG, Han J. Efficacy and Toxicity of Palliative Chemotherapy in Elderly Patients With Advanced Pancreatic Cancer. Pancreas 2024; 53:e268-e273. [PMID: 38300837 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000002299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to compare the efficacy and toxicity of palliative chemotherapy in elderly patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) with those in younger patients. METHODS A total of 60 patients with locally advanced or metastatic PDAC who received FOLFIRINOX or nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine at our institution from January 2014 to December 2021 were analyzed. Patients 70 years or older were classified into an elderly group. RESULTS The elderly group included 16 patients (26.7%). In the elderly group, nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine was used more than FOLFIRINOX compared with the young group (75.0% and 25.0% vs 34.1% and 64.9%, respectively; P = 0.008). The overall survival was not significantly different between the 2 groups (15.6 vs 13.4 months, P = 0.259). However, the elderly group showed better progression-free survival (11.4 vs 7.4 months, P = 0.034). The incidence of adverse events including neutropenia (75.0% vs 81.8%, P = 0.716), thrombocytopenia (25.0% vs 31.3%, P = 0.743), and anemia (50.0% vs 43.2%, P = 0.771) was not different between the 2 groups. Peripheral neuropathy was more common in the elderly group (18.3% vs 2.3%, P = 0.054), though not statistically significant. CONCLUSION The efficacy and toxicity of chemotherapy in elderly patients with advanced PDAC were comparable with those in younger patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Taek Jeong
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
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Huang JM, Chen SH, Chen TH. Short-Term Outcomes of Conventional Laparoscopic versus Robot-Assisted Distal Pancreatectomy for Malignancy: Evidence from US National Inpatient Sample, 2005-2018. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1003. [PMID: 38473361 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16051003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The primary treatment for pancreatic cancer is surgical resection, and laparoscopic resection offers benefits over open surgery. This study aimed to compare the short-term outcomes of robot-assisted vs. conventional laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy. METHODS Data of adults ≥ 20 years old with pancreatic cancer who underwent conventional laparoscopic or robot-assisted laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy were extracted from the United States (US) Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) 2005-2018 database. Comorbidities and complications were identified through the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes. Short-term outcomes were compared using logistic regression and included length of hospital stay (LOS), perioperative complications, in-hospital mortality, unfavorable discharge, and total hospital costs. RESULTS A total of 886 patients were included; 27% received robot-assisted, and 73% received conventional laparoscopic surgery. The mean age of all patients was 65.3 years, and 52% were females. Multivariable analysis revealed that robot-assisted surgery was associated with a significantly reduced risk of perioperative complications (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 0.61, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.45-0.83) compared to conventional laparoscopic surgery. Specifically, robot-assisted surgery was associated with a significantly decreased risk of VTE (aOR = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.14-0.83) and postoperative blood transfusion (aOR = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.23-0.61). Robot-assisted surgery was associated with a significantly shorter LOS (0.76 days shorter, 95% CI: -1.43--0.09) but greater total hospital costs (18,284 USD greater, 95% CI: 4369.03-32,200.70) than conventional laparoscopic surgery. CONCLUSIONS Despite the higher costs, robot-assisted distal pancreatectomy is associated with decreased risk of complications and shorter hospital stays than conventional laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyun-Ming Huang
- Department of Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Yude Rd., North Dist., Taichung City 404327, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, No. 2, Yude Rd., North Dist., Taichung City 404, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Hsien Chen
- Department of Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Yude Rd., North Dist., Taichung City 404327, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, No. 2, Yude Rd., North Dist., Taichung City 404, Taiwan
| | - Te-Hung Chen
- Department of Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Yude Rd., North Dist., Taichung City 404327, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, No. 2, Yude Rd., North Dist., Taichung City 404, Taiwan
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Xu J, Huang S, Yan Q, Jiang J, Hu N, Zhang W, Shi L, Deng M, Tang X, Liao J. Causes of death and nomogram for patients with oncologic hepato-biliary-pancreatic disorders: A large-cohort study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37187. [PMID: 38394524 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The improvement of digestive cancer survival results in increased morbidity of noncancerous comorbidities. This study aimed at clarifying causes of death (COD) and predicting overall survival (OS) in patients diagnosed with liver cancer, gallbladder cancer, cholangiocarcinoma, and pancreatic cancer. We used the Surveillance, Epidemic, and End Results database to extract information. Nomograms of multivariate Cox regression was used to predict OS of cancer patients. The models were evaluated using the concordance indexes (C-indexes), the receiver operating characteristic curves and calibration curves. Respectively 58,895, 15,324, 30,708, and 109,995 cases with cancer of liver, gallbladder, bile duct or pancreas were retrieved between 2000 and 2020. Approximately 80% deaths occurred within 1 years after cancer diagnosis. Sequence in noncancerous COD proportion was diverse, while diseases of heart always accounted for a great part. Risks of death from most noncancerous COD were significantly higher than that of the cancer-free population. Nomograms were developed by predictors of interest such as age, therapy and TNM stage. The concordance indexes of nomograms were 0.756, 0.729, 0.763, and 0.760 respectively, well-calibrating to the reality. The 0.5-, 1-, and 2-year areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve were about 0.800, indicating good reliability and accuracy. Noncancerous COD accounted for larger part in gallbladder cancer and cholangiocarcinoma. Noncancerous COD showed an upward trend as follow-up time extended and the majorities were diseases of heart, cerebrovascular disease, chronic liver disease and cirrhosis. The novel OS-nomograms can provide personalized prognosis information with satisfactory accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
| | - Shu Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lianshui County People' Hospital, Huaian, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lianshui People' Hospital of Kangda College Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, China
| | - Qiong Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
| | - Jiao Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
| | - Nan Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
| | - Mingming Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaowei Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
| | - Jingyuan Liao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
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Brandi N, Renzulli M. Towards a Simplified and Cost-Effective Diagnostic Algorithm for the Surveillance of Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms (IPMNs): Can We Save Contrast for Later? Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:905. [PMID: 38473267 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16050905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The increased detection of pancreatic cysts in recent years has triggered extensive diagnostic investigations to clarify their potential risk of malignancy, resulting in a large number of patients undergoing numerous imaging follow-up studies for many years. Therefore, there is a growing need for optimization of the current surveillance protocol to reduce both healthcare costs and waiting lists, while still maintaining appropriate sensibility and specificity. Imaging is an essential tool for evaluating patients with intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) since it can assess several predictors for malignancy and thus guide further management recommendations. Although contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) has been widely recommended by most international guidelines, recent results support the use of unenhanced abbreviated-MRI (A-MRI) protocols as a surveillance tool in patients with IPMN. In fact, A-MRI has shown high diagnostic performance in malignant detection, with high sensitivity and specificity as well as excellent interobserver agreement. The aim of this paper is, therefore, to discuss the current available evidence on whether the implementation of an abbreviated-MRI (A-MRI) protocol for cystic pancreatic lesion surveillance could improve healthcare economics and reduce waiting lists in clinical practice without significantly reducing diagnostic accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolò Brandi
- Department of Radiology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Department of Radiology, AUSL Romagna, 48018 Faenza, Italy
| | - Matteo Renzulli
- Department of Radiology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
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Caputo C, Falco M, Grimaldi A, Lombardi A, Miceli CC, Cocule M, Montella M, Pompella L, Tirino G, Campione S, Tammaro C, Cossu A, Fenu Pintori G, Maioli M, Coradduzza D, Savarese G, Fico A, Ottaiano A, Conzo G, Tathode MS, Ciardiello F, Caraglia M, De Vita F, Misso G. Identification of Tissue miRNA Signatures for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:824. [PMID: 38398215 PMCID: PMC10887387 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16040824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), a neoplasm of the gastrointestinal tract, is the most common pancreatic malignancy (90%) and the fourth highest cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Surgery intervention is currently the only strategy able to offer an advantage in terms of overall survival, but prognosis remains poor even for operated patients. Therefore, the development of robust biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognostic stratification in clinical practice is urgently needed. In this work, we investigated deregulated microRNAs (miRNAs) in tissues from PDAC patients with high (G3) or low (G2) histological grade and with (N+) or without (N-) lymph node metastases. miRNA expression profiling was performed by a comprehensive PCR array and subsequent validation by RT-qPCR. The results showed a significant increase in miR-1-3p, miR-31-5p, and miR-205-5p expression in G3 compared to G2 patients (** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001; *** p < 0.001). miR-518d-3p upregulation and miR-215-5p downregulation were observed in N+ compared to N- patients. A statistical analysis performed using OncomiR program showed the significant involvement (p < 0.05) of two miRNAs (miR-31 and miR-205) in the histological grade of PDAC patients. Also, an expression analysis in PDAC patients showed that miR-31 and miR-205 had the highest expression at grade 3 compared with normal and other tumor grades. Overall, survival plots confirmed that the overexpression of miR-31 and miR-205 was significantly correlated with decreased survival in TCGA PDAC clinical samples. A KEGG pathway analysis showed that all three miRNAs are involved in the regulation of multiple pathways, including the Hippo signaling, adherens junction and microRNAs in cancer, along with several target genes. Based on in silico analysis and experimental validation, our study suggests the potential role of miR-1-3p, miR-31-5p, and miR-205-5p as useful clinical biomarkers and putative therapeutic targets in PDAC, which should be further investigated to determine the specific molecular processes affected by their aberrant expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Caputo
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (C.C.); (M.F.); (C.T.); (M.S.T.); (F.C.); (M.C.)
| | - Michela Falco
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (C.C.); (M.F.); (C.T.); (M.S.T.); (F.C.); (M.C.)
- Laboratory of Precision and Molecular Oncology, Institute of Genetic Research, Biogem Scarl, Contrada Camporeale, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | - Anna Grimaldi
- U.P. Cytometric and Mutational Diagnostics, AOU Policlinico, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Luciano Armanni 5, 83031 Naples, Italy;
| | - Angela Lombardi
- U.P. Cytometric and Mutational Diagnostics, AOU Policlinico, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Luciano Armanni 5, 83031 Naples, Italy;
| | - Chiara Carmen Miceli
- Department of Precision Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (C.C.M.); (M.C.); (L.P.); (G.T.); (F.D.V.)
| | - Mariateresa Cocule
- Department of Precision Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (C.C.M.); (M.C.); (L.P.); (G.T.); (F.D.V.)
| | - Marco Montella
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, UOC Pathological Anatomy, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Luciano Armanni 5, 83031 Naples, Italy;
| | - Luca Pompella
- Department of Precision Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (C.C.M.); (M.C.); (L.P.); (G.T.); (F.D.V.)
| | - Giuseppe Tirino
- Department of Precision Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (C.C.M.); (M.C.); (L.P.); (G.T.); (F.D.V.)
| | - Severo Campione
- Division of Anatomic Pathology, A.O.R.N. Antonio Cardarelli, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Chiara Tammaro
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (C.C.); (M.F.); (C.T.); (M.S.T.); (F.C.); (M.C.)
| | - Antonio Cossu
- Department of Medical, Surgical, and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
| | - Grazia Fenu Pintori
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (G.F.P.); (M.M.); (D.C.)
| | - Margherita Maioli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (G.F.P.); (M.M.); (D.C.)
- Center for Developmental Biology and Reprogramming (CEDEBIOR), Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Donatella Coradduzza
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (G.F.P.); (M.M.); (D.C.)
| | - Giovanni Savarese
- AMES Center, Centro Polidiagnostico Strumentale SRL, Via Padre Carmine Fico 24, 80013 Casalnuovo Di Napoli, Italy; (G.S.); (A.F.)
| | - Antonio Fico
- AMES Center, Centro Polidiagnostico Strumentale SRL, Via Padre Carmine Fico 24, 80013 Casalnuovo Di Napoli, Italy; (G.S.); (A.F.)
| | - Alessandro Ottaiano
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, SSD-Innovative Therapies for Abdominal Metastases, Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS “G. Pascale”, National Cancer Institute, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Conzo
- Division of General, Oncological, Mini-Invasive and Obesity Surgery, University of Study of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Madhura S. Tathode
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (C.C.); (M.F.); (C.T.); (M.S.T.); (F.C.); (M.C.)
| | - Fortunato Ciardiello
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (C.C.); (M.F.); (C.T.); (M.S.T.); (F.C.); (M.C.)
| | - Michele Caraglia
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (C.C.); (M.F.); (C.T.); (M.S.T.); (F.C.); (M.C.)
- Laboratory of Precision and Molecular Oncology, Institute of Genetic Research, Biogem Scarl, Contrada Camporeale, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | - Ferdinando De Vita
- Department of Precision Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (C.C.M.); (M.C.); (L.P.); (G.T.); (F.D.V.)
| | - Gabriella Misso
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (C.C.); (M.F.); (C.T.); (M.S.T.); (F.C.); (M.C.)
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Anania S, Farnir M, Peiffer R, Boumahd Y, Thiry M, Agirman F, Maloujahmoum N, Bellahcène A, Peulen O. Identification of myoferlin as a mitochondria-associated membranes component required for calcium signaling in PDAC cell lines. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:133. [PMID: 38368370 PMCID: PMC10874564 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01514-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is an aggressive cancer type with one of the lowest survival rates due to late diagnosis and the absence of effective treatments. A better understanding of PDAC biology will help researchers to discover the Achilles' heel of cancer cells. In that regard, our research team investigated the function of an emerging oncoprotein known as myoferlin. Myoferlin is overexpressed in PDAC and its silencing/targeting has been shown to affect cancer cell proliferation, migration, mitochondrial dynamics and metabolism. Nevertheless, our comprehension of myoferlin functions in cells remains limited. In this study, we aimed to understand the molecular mechanism linking myoferlin silencing to mitochondrial dynamics. METHODS Experiments were performed on two pancreas cancer cell lines, Panc-1 and MiaPaCa-2. Myoferlin localization on mitochondria was evaluated by immunofluorescence, proximity ligation assay, and cell fractionation. The presence of myoferlin in mitochondria-associated membranes was assessed by cell fractionation and its function in mitochondrial calcium transfer was evaluated using calcium flow experiments, proximity ligation assays, co-immunoprecipitation, and timelapse fluorescence microscopy in living cells. RESULTS Myoferlin localization on mitochondria was investigated. Our results suggest that myoferlin is unlikely to be located on mitochondria. Instead, we identified myoferlin as a new component of mitochondria-associated membranes. Its silencing significantly reduces the mitochondrial calcium level upon stimulation, probably through myoferlin interaction with the inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptors 3. CONCLUSIONS For the first time, myoferlin was specifically demonstrated to be located in mitochondria-associated membranes where it participates to calcium flow. We hypothesized that this function explains our previous results on mitochondrial dynamics. This study improves our comprehension of myoferlin localization and function in cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandy Anania
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA-Cancer, Pathology Institute B23, Université de Liège, Liège, B-4000, Belgium
| | - Martin Farnir
- STAR Institute, Université de Liège, Allée du 6 Août 19, Liège, B-4000, Belgium
| | - Raphaël Peiffer
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA-Cancer, Pathology Institute B23, Université de Liège, Liège, B-4000, Belgium
| | - Yasmine Boumahd
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA-Cancer, Pathology Institute B23, Université de Liège, Liège, B-4000, Belgium
| | - Marc Thiry
- Cellular and Tissular Biology, GIGA-Neurosciences, Cell Biology L3, Université de Liège, Liège, B-4000, Belgium
| | - Ferman Agirman
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA-Cancer, Pathology Institute B23, Université de Liège, Liège, B-4000, Belgium
| | - Naima Maloujahmoum
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA-Cancer, Pathology Institute B23, Université de Liège, Liège, B-4000, Belgium
| | - Akeila Bellahcène
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA-Cancer, Pathology Institute B23, Université de Liège, Liège, B-4000, Belgium
| | - Olivier Peulen
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA-Cancer, Pathology Institute B23, Université de Liège, Liège, B-4000, Belgium.
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), Mitochondria Adaptation in Cancer Group, Pathology Institute B23, Université de Liège, Liège, B-4000, Belgium.
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Inoue T, Momosaki R, Shimizu A, Maeda K. Hospitalization-associated disability prediction using Hospital Frailty Risk Score in older patients undergoing pancreatectomy. Eur Geriatr Med 2024:10.1007/s41999-023-00928-1. [PMID: 38340283 DOI: 10.1007/s41999-023-00928-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Frailty and hospitalization-associated disabilities (HAD) are geriatric conditions that should be managed in older patients undergoing pancreatectomy. The Hospital Frailty Risk Score (HFRS) can evaluate frailty based on medical records and could predict postoperative activities of daily living (ADL) decline. This study aimed to investigate whether HFRS affects the postoperative incidence of HAD in older patients who underwent pancreatectomy. METHODS This retrospective, observational study used data from a nationwide hospital-based database. We included consecutive patients aged ≥ 65 years who were diagnosed with pancreatic cancer (International Statistical Classification of Diseases, 10th revision code C25) and underwent curative pancreatectomy between April 2014 and August 2020. We evaluated preoperative frailty using HFRS. The primary outcome was HAD following pancreatectomy. Logistic regression analysis was performed for analyzing the impact of frailty on HAD following pancreatectomy. RESULTS We included 671 patients for the analysis (mean age 74.3 ± 5.6, male 54.8%). The prevalence of intermediate and high risk of frailty with HFRS ≥ 5 was 2.7%. The incidence of HAD was significantly higher in the intermediate- and high-risk groups compared to that in the low-risk group (33.3% vs. 8.4%, p < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that intermediate and high risks of frailty increased the likelihood of HAD (odds ratio, 3.55; 95% confidence interval: 1.12-11.2). CONCLUSIONS The risk of frailty evaluated using the HFRS increased the likelihood of developing HAD in older patients undergoing pancreatectomy. Future research on effective perioperative interventions for preventing postoperative HAD and enhancing postoperative ADL recovery is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuro Inoue
- Department of Physical Therapy, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, 1398 Shimami-cho, Kita-ku, Niigata, 950-3198, Japan.
| | - Ryo Momosaki
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan
| | - Akio Shimizu
- Department of Food and Health Science, Faculty of Health and Human Development, The University of Nagano, Nagano, 380-8525, Japan
| | - Keisuke Maeda
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Hospital, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, 474-0031, Japan
- Nutrition Therapy Support Center, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan
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Luo A, Qiao N, Hu K, Xu H, Xie M, Jiang Y, Hu J. BZW1 is a prognostic and immunological biomarker in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37092. [PMID: 38306570 PMCID: PMC10843520 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is the most common malignant tumor of the digestive system and is called the "king of cancer" because it has been labeled with high malignancy, rapid progression, poor survival, and poor prognosis. Previously, it was reported that the basic leucine zipper and W2 domains 1 (BZW1) is involved in the progression of many tumors. However, its research in digestive system tumors such as pancreatic cancer is rarely studied. To explore potential biomarkers related to survival and prognosis of pancreatic cancer and provide a new targeted therapy for it. We first analyzed the mRNA and protein expression of BZW1 in pancreatic cancer. We then explored the correlation of BZW1 with survival prognosis and immune infiltration in pancreatic cancer patients. Finally, we explored BZW1-related gene enrichment analysis, including protein-protein interaction networks, gene ontology functional enrichment analysis, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis. The mRNA and protein expression of the BZW1 gene in pancreatic cancer tissues were higher than those in adjacent normal tissues, and pancreatic cancer patients with high BZW1 expression had a poor prognosis. In addition, the expression of BZW1 was positively or negatively correlated with different immune cells of pancreatic cancer, such as CD4 + T lymphocytes, CD8 + T lymphocytes, B cells, macrophages, neutrophils, etc. Correlation enrichment analysis showed that we obtained 50 available experimentally determined BZW1-binding proteins and 100 targeted genes related to BZW1, and the intersection genes were eukaryotic translation termination factor 1 and Guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha inhibiting activity polypeptide 3. Moreover, there was a positive correlation between BZW1 and eukaryotic translation termination factor 1 and Guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha inhibiting activity polypeptide 3 genes in pancreatic cancer. Gene ontology enrichment analysis showed BZW1 was mainly related to biological processes such as "mRNA processing," "RNA splicing," "regulation of translational initiation," and "activation of innate immune response." The results of Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis further indicated that BZW1 may be involved in pancreatic carcinogenesis through the "spliceosome" and "ribosome." The BZW1 gene may be a potential immunotherapy target and a promising prognostic marker for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Longyan Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Longyan, Fujian, China
| | - Nan Qiao
- Department of Student Affairs, Jiangxi Institute of Economic Administrators, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ke Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Henglang Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Mingjun Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yiping Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jia Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Shin S, Kim MH, Lee DY, Chun H, Ha E, Lee HC, Moon SH, Lee S, Ryoo JH. Decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate increase the risk of pancreatic cancer: A nationwide retrospective cohort study. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 39:392-398. [PMID: 37941163 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.16400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Decreased kidney function is a putative risk factor for various cancers. However, few studies have investigated the association between a decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and incident pancreatic cancer. We aimed to investigate the risk of incident pancreatic cancer according to eGFR categories. METHODS In this retrospective cohort study, we included 359 721 adults who underwent health checkups in 2009 or 2010 by using the Korean National Health Insurance Database. The study population was categorized into four groups by eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2 ) using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation: group 1 (eGFR < 45), group 2 (eGFR ≥ 45 to < 60), group 3 (eGFR ≥ 60 to < 90), and group 4 (eGFR ≥ 90). Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were used to determine the adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the incidence of pancreatic cancer until 2019 by comparing the eGFR groups. RESULTS During the 3 493 589.05 person-years of follow-up, 1702 pancreatic cancer cases were identified. Compared with group 4 (eGFR ≥ 90), HRs and 95% CIs for the incidence of pancreatic cancer were 1.39 (1.24-1.56) for group 3 (eGFR ≥ 60 to < 90), 1.79 (1.47-2.16) for group 2 (eGFR ≥ 45 to < 60), and 2.05 (1.62-2.60) for group 1 (eGFR < 45) in the multivariate adjusted model. CONCLUSIONS Decreased eGFR was significantly associated with an increased risk of pancreatic cancer in Korean population. Further studies are needed to investigate the relationship between a decreased eGFR and the risk of pancreatic cancer in other ethnic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soonsu Shin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hostpital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min-Ho Kim
- Informatization Department, Ewha Womans University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong-Young Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Veterans Healthcare Service Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyejin Chun
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eunhee Ha
- Department of Occupational and Environment Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyo Choon Lee
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hostpital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong-Ho Moon
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hostpital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sangho Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Hong Ryoo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
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Meng Y, Li R, Geng S, Chen W, Jiang W, Li Z, Hao J, Xu Z. GABRP Promotes the Metastasis of Pancreatic Cancer by Activation of the MEK/ERK Signaling Pathway. Biochem Genet 2024; 62:242-253. [PMID: 37326897 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10410-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer remains the common cancer with the worst prognosis because of its late diagnosis and extensive metastasis. This study aimed to investigate the effects of GABRP on pancreatic cancer metastasis and the molecular mechanism. The expression of GABRP was measured using the quantitative real-time PCR and western blot. The biological behaviors of cancer cells were assessed using the cell counting kit-8, Transwell assay, and western blot. The regulation of GABRP on the MEK/ERK pathway was detected by western blot. The results indicated that GABRP was overexpressed in pancreatic cancer tissues and cells. Knockdown of GABRP suppressed cell viability, invasion, migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), whereas GABRP overexpression facilitated these biological behaviors. Inactivation of the MEK/ERK pathway reversed the effects on cellular processes induced by GABRP. Moreover, silencing of GABRP inhibited tumor growth. In conclusion, GABRP promoted the progression of pancreatic cancer by facilitating cell metastasis and tumor growth via activating the MEK/ERK pathway. The findings suggest that GABRP has the potential to be a therapeutic target for the metastatic pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Meng
- School of Medicine, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, People's Republic of China
- Department of Oncology Surgery, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest Universit, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710018, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Oncology Surgery, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest Universit, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710018, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shuaiming Geng
- Department of Oncology Surgery, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest Universit, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710018, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhao Chen
- School of Medicine, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, People's Republic of China
| | - Weirong Jiang
- Department of Oncology Surgery, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest Universit, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710018, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwen Li
- Department of Oncology Surgery, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest Universit, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710018, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji Hao
- Department of Oncology Surgery, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest Universit, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710018, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Xu
- Department of Oncology Surgery, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest Universit, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710018, People's Republic of China
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Rezagholizadeh F, Tajik F, Talebi M, Taha SR, Shariat Zadeh M, Farhangnia P, Hosseini HS, Nazari A, Mollazadeh Ghomi S, Kamrani Mousavi SM, Haeri Moghaddam N, Khorramdelazad H, Joghataei MT, Safari E. Unraveling the potential of CD8, CD68, and VISTA as diagnostic and prognostic markers in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1283364. [PMID: 38357542 PMCID: PMC10865497 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1283364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pancreatic cancer is a truculent disease with limited treatment options and a grim prognosis. Immunotherapy has shown promise in treating various types of cancer, but its effectiveness in pancreatic cancer has been lacking. As a result, it is crucial to identify markers associated with immunological pathways in order to improve the treatment outcomes for this deadly cancer. The purpose of this study was to investigate the diagnostic and prognostic significance of three markers, CD8, CD68, and VISTA, in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), the most common subtype of pancreatic cancer. Methods We analyzed gene expression data from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database using bioinformatics tools. We also utilized the STRING online tool and Funrich software to study the protein-protein interactions and transcription factors associated with CD8, CD68, and VISTA. In addition, tissue microarray (TMA) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining were performed on 228 samples of PDAC tissue and 10 samples of normal pancreatic tissue to assess the expression levels of the markers. We then correlated these expression levels with the clinicopathological characteristics of the patients and evaluated their survival rates. Results The analysis of the GEO data revealed slightly elevated levels of VISTA in PDAC samples compared to normal tissues. However, there was a significant increase in CD68 expression and a notable reduction in CD8A expression in pancreatic cancer. Further investigation identified potential protein-protein interactions and transcription factors associated with these markers. The IHC staining of PDAC tissue samples showed an increased expression of VISTA, CD68, and CD8A in pancreatic cancer tissues. Moreover, we found correlations between the expression levels of these markers and certain clinicopathological features of the patients. Additionally, the survival analysis revealed that high expression of CD8 was associated with better disease-specific survival and progression-free survival in PDAC patients. Conclusion These findings highlight the potential of CD8, CD68, and VISTA as diagnostic and prognostic indicators in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereshteh Rezagholizadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Tajik
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Talebi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Human and Animal Cell Bank, Iranian Biological Resource Center (IBRC), Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Reza Taha
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Pooya Farhangnia
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Immunology Board for Transplantation and Cell-Based Therapeutics (ImmunoTACT), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamideh Sadat Hosseini
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aram Nazari
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shabnam Mollazadeh Ghomi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Immunology Board for Transplantation and Cell-Based Therapeutics (ImmunoTACT), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyede Mahtab Kamrani Mousavi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloofar Haeri Moghaddam
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Khorramdelazad
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taghi Joghataei
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Safari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Firouzi Amandi A, Bahmanyar Z, Dadashpour M, Lak M, Natami M, Döğüş Y, Alem M, Adeli OA. Fabrication of magnetic niosomal platform for delivery of resveratrol: potential anticancer activity against human pancreatic cancer Capan-1 cell. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:46. [PMID: 38287318 PMCID: PMC10826113 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03219-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently, the presence of different nanoparticles (NPs) has developed targeting drug delivery in treatment of cancer cell. Targeted drug delivery systems using NPs have shown great promise in improving the efficacy of intracellular uptake as well as local concentration of therapeutics with minimizing side effects. The current study planned to synthesized resveratrol-loaded magnetic niosomes nanoparticles (RSV-MNIONPs) and evaluate their cytotoxicity activity in pancreatic cancer cells. For this aim, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were synthesized and loaded into niosomes (NIOs) by the thin film hydration technique and then characterized via DLS, FT-IR, TEM, SEM and VSM techniques. Moreover, the cytotoxic activity of the RSV-MNIONPs on the Capan-1 cells line was assessed by the MTT test. The distribution number of RSV-MNIONPs was gained about 80 nm and 95 nm with surface charge of - 14.0 mV by SEM and TEM analysis, respectively. RSV loading efficacy in NIOs was about 85%, and the drug releases pattern displayed a sustained discharge with a maximum amount about 35% and 40%, within 4 h in pH = 7.4 and pH = 5.8, respectively. The cytotoxicity of the RSV-MNIONPs in the presence of an external magnetic field is higher than that of the RSV, indicating enhanced cellular uptake in their encapsulated states. Furthermore, RSV loaded MNNPs were found to induce more cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 checkpoint than free RSV. Compared with RSV-treated cells, the mRNA expression levels of BAX, Bcl2, FAS, P 53, Cyclin D and hTERT, were significantly changed in cells treated with RSV loaded MNNPs. The niosomes NPs approaches have been widely used to attain higher solubility, improved bioavailability, enhanced stability, and control delivery of RSV. Our formulation displayed antitumor activity and can be considered an appropriate carrier with a great potential for future usage in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akram Firouzi Amandi
- Department of Medical Immunology, Facultyof Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zahra Bahmanyar
- School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Dadashpour
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
- Cancer Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
| | - Mehrnoosh Lak
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Natami
- Department of Urology, Shahid Mohammadi Hospital, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Yusuf Döğüş
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Mahsa Alem
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Omid Ali Adeli
- Department of Pathology, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
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Dang C, Bian Q, Wang F, Wang H, Liang Z. Machine learning identifies SLC6A14 as a novel biomarker promoting the proliferation and metastasis of pancreatic cancer via Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2116. [PMID: 38267509 PMCID: PMC10808089 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52646-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) has the poorest prognosis compared to other common cancers because of its aggressive nature, late detection, and resistance to systemic treatment. In this study, we aimed to identify novel biomarkers for PC patients and further explored their function in PC progression. We analyzed GSE62452 and GSE28735 datasets, identifying 35 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between PC specimens and non-tumors. Based on 35 DEGs, we performed machine learning and identified eight diagnostic genes involved in PC progression. Then, we further screened three critical genes (CTSE, LAMC2 and SLC6A14) using three GEO datasets. A new diagnostic model was developed based on them and showed a strong predictive ability in screen PC specimens from non-tumor specimens in GEO, TCGA datasets and our cohorts. Then, clinical assays based on TCGA datasets indicated that the expression of LAMC2 and SLC6A14 was associated with advanced clinical stage and poor prognosis. The expressions of LAMC2 and SLC6A14, as well as the abundances of a variety of immune cells, exhibited a significant positive association with one another. Functionally, we confirmed that SLC6A14 was highly expressed in PC and its knockdown suppressed the proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT signal via regulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Overall, our findings developed a novel diagnostic model for PC patients. SLC6A14 may promote PC progression via modulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling. This work offered a novel and encouraging new perspective that holds potential for further illuminating the clinicopathological relevance of PC as well as its molecular etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunshu Dang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tianjin Fourth Central Hospital, No.1 Zhongshan Road, Tianjin, China.
| | - Quan Bian
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Fengbiao Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tianjin Fourth Central Hospital, No.1 Zhongshan Road, Tianjin, China
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tianjin Fourth Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhipeng Liang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tianjin Fourth Central Hospital, No.1 Zhongshan Road, Tianjin, China
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Hamel Z, Sanchez S, Standing D, Anant S. Role of STAT3 in pancreatic cancer. Explor Target Antitumor Ther 2024; 5:20-34. [PMID: 38464736 PMCID: PMC10918236 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2024.00202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer remains a serious and deadly disease, impacting people globally. There remain prominent gaps in the current understanding of the disease, specifically regarding the role of the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) family of proteins in pancreatic tumors. STAT proteins, particularly STAT3, play important roles in pancreatic cancer, especially pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), which is the most prevalent histotype. The role of STAT3 across a continuum of molecular processes, such as PDAC tumorigenesis and progression, immune escape, drug resistance and stemness, and modulation of the tumor microenvironment (TME), are only a tip of the iceberg. In some ways, the role of STAT3 in PDAC may hold greater importance than that of oncogenic Kirsten rat sarcoma virus (KRAS). This makes STAT3 a highly attractive target for developing targeted therapies for the treatment of pancreatic cancer. In this review, the current knowledge of STAT3 in pancreatic cancer has been summarized, particularly relating to STAT3 activation in cancer cells, cells of the TME, and the state of targeting STAT3 in pre-clinical and clinical trials of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary Hamel
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Sierra Sanchez
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - David Standing
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Shrikant Anant
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
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Feng Y, Yang J, Duan W, Cai Y, Liu X, Peng Y. LASSO-derived prognostic model predicts cancer-specific survival in advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma over 50 years of age: a retrospective study of SEER database research. Front Oncol 2024; 13:1336251. [PMID: 38288098 PMCID: PMC10822877 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1336251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to develop a prognostic model for patients with advanced ductal adenocarcinoma aged ≥50 years. Methods Patient information was extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression analysis was performed to screen the model variables. Cases from Nanchang Central Hospital were collected for external validation. The new nomogram and the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) criteria were evaluated using integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) and net reclassification index (NRI) indicators. Survival curves presented the prognosis of the new classification system and AJCC criteria. Results In total, 17,621 eligible patients were included. Lasso Cox regression selected 4 variables including age, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and AJCC stage. The C-index of the training cohort was 0.721. The C-index value of the validation cohort was 0.729. The AUCs for the training cohorts at 1, 2, and 3 years were 0.749, 0.729, and 0.715, respectively. The calibration curves showed that the predicted and actual probabilities at 1, 2, and 3 years matched. External validation confirmed the model's outstanding predictive power. Decision curve analysis indicated that the clinical benefit of the nomogram was higher than that of the AJCC staging system. The model evaluation indices preceded the AJCC staging with NRI (1-year: 0.88, 2-year: 0.94, 3-year: 0.72) and IDI (1-year: 0.24, 2-year: 0.23, 3-year: 0.22). The Kaplan-Meier curves implied that the new classification system was more capable of distinguishing between patients at different risks. Conclusions This study established a prognostic nomogram and risk classification system for advanced pancreatic cancer in patients aged ≥50 years to provide a practical tool for the clinical management of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yong Peng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic and Spleen Surgery, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
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Albuthyab NOM, Hosseini H, Homayouni Tabrizi M, Kharaghani M, Saghravanian SS. The urolithin B nanomicellar delivery system as an efficient selective anticancer compound. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:85. [PMID: 38183506 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-09112-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urolithin B (UB), the antioxidant polyphenol has a protective impact on several organs against oxidative stress. However, its bioactivity is limited by its hydrophobic structure. In the current study, UB was encapsulated into a liposomal structure to improve its bioactivities anticancer, and antimicrobial potential. METHOD The UB nano-emulsions (UB-NE) were synthesized and characterized utilizing FESEM, DLS, FTIR, and Zeta-potential analysis. The UB-NMs' selective toxicity was studied by conducting an MTT assay on MCF-7, PANC, AGS, and ASPC1 cells. The AO/PI analysis verified the UB-NMs' cytotoxicity on ASPC1 cell lines and approved the MTT results. Finally, the antibacterial activity of the UB-NMs was studied on both gram-positive (B. subtilis, S. aureus) and gram-negative (E. Coli, P. aeruginosa) bacteria by conducting MIC and MBC analysis. RESULT The 68.15 nm UB-NMs did not reduce the normal HDF cells' survival. However, they reduced the cancer cells' (PANC and AGS cell lines) survival at high treatment concentrations (> 250 µg/mL) compared with normal HDF and cancer MCF-7 cells. Moreover, the IC50 doses of UB-NMs for the ASPC1 and PANC cancer cells were measured at 44.87, and 221.02 µg/mL, respectively. The UB-NMs selectively exhibited apoptotic-mediated cytotoxicity on the human pancreatic tumor cell line (ASPC1) by down-regulating BCL2 and NFKB gene expression. Also, the BAX gene expression was up-regulated in the ASPC1-treated cells. Moreover, they exhibited significant anti-bactericidal activity against the E. coli (MIC = 50 µg/mL, MBC = 150 µg/mL), P. aeruginosa (MIC = 75 µg/mL, MBC = 275 µg/mL), B. subtilis (MIC = 125 µg/mL, MBC = 450 µg/mL), and S. aureus (MIC = 50 µg/mL, MBC = 200 µg/mL) strains. CONCLUSION The significant selective cytotoxic impact of the UB-NMs on the human pancreatic tumor cell line makes it an applicable anti-pancreatic cancer compound. Moreover, the antibacterial activity of UB-NMs has the potential to decrease bacterial-mediated pancreatic cancer. However, several bacterial strains and further cancer cell lines are required to verify the UB-NMs' anticancer potential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hossein Hosseini
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | | | - Matin Kharaghani
- Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
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Sailo BL, Liu L, Chauhan S, Girisa S, Hegde M, Liang L, Alqahtani MS, Abbas M, Sethi G, Kunnumakkara AB. Harnessing Sulforaphane Potential as a Chemosensitizing Agent: A Comprehensive Review. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:244. [PMID: 38254735 PMCID: PMC10814109 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16020244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in oncological research have highlighted the potential of naturally derived compounds in cancer prevention and treatment. Notably, sulforaphane (SFN), an isothiocyanate derived from cruciferous vegetables including broccoli and cabbage, has exhibited potent chemosensitizing capabilities across diverse cancer types of bone, brain, breast, lung, skin, etc. Chemosensitization refers to the enhancement of cancer cell sensitivity to chemotherapy agents, counteracting the chemoresistance often developed by tumor cells. Mechanistically, SFN orchestrates this sensitization by modulating an array of cellular signaling pathways (e.g., Akt/mTOR, NF-κB, Wnt/β-catenin), and regulating the expression and activity of pivotal genes, proteins, and enzymes (e.g., p53, p21, survivin, Bcl-2, caspases). When combined with conventional chemotherapeutic agents, SFN synergistically inhibits cancer cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and metastasis while potentiating drug-induced apoptosis. This positions SFN as a potential adjunct in cancer therapy to augment the efficacy of standard treatments. Ongoing preclinical and clinical investigations aim to further delineate the therapeutic potential of SFN in oncology. This review illuminates the multifaceted role of this phytochemical, emphasizing its potential to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of anti-cancer agents, suggesting its prospective contributions to cancer chemosensitization and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethsebie Lalduhsaki Sailo
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India; (B.L.S.); (S.C.); (S.G.); (M.H.)
| | - Le Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518001, China;
| | - Suravi Chauhan
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India; (B.L.S.); (S.C.); (S.G.); (M.H.)
| | - Sosmitha Girisa
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India; (B.L.S.); (S.C.); (S.G.); (M.H.)
| | - Mangala Hegde
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India; (B.L.S.); (S.C.); (S.G.); (M.H.)
| | - Liping Liang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510180, China;
| | - Mohammed S. Alqahtani
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohamed Abbas
- Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology and NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
| | - Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India; (B.L.S.); (S.C.); (S.G.); (M.H.)
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De Maio A, Alfieri G, Mattone M, Ghanouni P, Napoli A. High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Surgery for Tumor Ablation: A Review of Current Applications. Radiol Imaging Cancer 2024; 6:e230074. [PMID: 38099828 PMCID: PMC10825716 DOI: 10.1148/rycan.230074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
The management of cancer with alternative approaches is a matter of clinical interest worldwide. High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) surgery is a noninvasive technique performed under US or MRI guidance. The most studied therapeutic uses of HIFU involve thermal tissue ablation, demonstrating both palliative and curative potential. However, concurrent mechanical bioeffects also provide opportunities in terms of augmented drug delivery and immunosensitization. The safety and efficacy of HIFU integration with current cancer treatment strategies are being actively investigated in managing primary and secondary tumors, including cancers of the breast, prostate, pancreas, liver, kidney, and bone. Current primary HIFU indications are pain palliation, complete ablation of localized earlystage tumors, or debulking of unresectable late-stage cancers. This review presents the latest HIFU applications, from investigational to clinically approved, in the field of tumor ablation. Keywords: Ultrasound, Ultrasound-High Intensity Focused (HIFU), Interventional-MSK, Interventional-Body, Oncology, Technology Assessment, Tumor Response, MR Imaging © RSNA, 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro De Maio
- From the Department of Radiological, Pathological, and Oncological
Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, viale Regina Elena 324, 00100 Rome, Italy
(A.D.M., G.A., M.M., A.N.); and Department of Radiology, Stanford University,
Stanford, Calif (P.G.)
| | - Giulia Alfieri
- From the Department of Radiological, Pathological, and Oncological
Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, viale Regina Elena 324, 00100 Rome, Italy
(A.D.M., G.A., M.M., A.N.); and Department of Radiology, Stanford University,
Stanford, Calif (P.G.)
| | - Monica Mattone
- From the Department of Radiological, Pathological, and Oncological
Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, viale Regina Elena 324, 00100 Rome, Italy
(A.D.M., G.A., M.M., A.N.); and Department of Radiology, Stanford University,
Stanford, Calif (P.G.)
| | - Pejman Ghanouni
- From the Department of Radiological, Pathological, and Oncological
Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, viale Regina Elena 324, 00100 Rome, Italy
(A.D.M., G.A., M.M., A.N.); and Department of Radiology, Stanford University,
Stanford, Calif (P.G.)
| | - Alessandro Napoli
- From the Department of Radiological, Pathological, and Oncological
Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, viale Regina Elena 324, 00100 Rome, Italy
(A.D.M., G.A., M.M., A.N.); and Department of Radiology, Stanford University,
Stanford, Calif (P.G.)
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Zhou X, Guo Z, Liu S, Chen Z, Wang Y, Yang R, Li X, Ma K. Transcriptomics and molecular docking reveal the potential mechanism of lycorine against pancreatic cancer. Phytomedicine 2024; 122:155128. [PMID: 37839227 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer is an extremely malignant digestive tumor, however, owing to its high drug resistance of pancreatic cancer, the search for more effective anti-pancreatic cancer drugs is urgently needed. Lycorine, an alkaloid of natural plant origin, exerts antitumor effects on a variety of tumors. PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of lycorine on pancreatic cancer and elucidate its potential molecular mechanism. METHODS Two pancreatic cancer cell lines, PANC-1 and BxPC-3, were used to investigate the therapeutic effects of lycorine on pancreatic cancer in vitro using the CCK8 assay, colony formation assay, 5-Ethynyl-2'- deoxyuridine (EdU) incorporation assay, flow cytometry, and western blotting. Transcriptome sequencing and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were used to analyze the differentially expressed genes and pathways after lycorine treatment. Molecular docking, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), oil red O staining, small interfering RNA (siRNA) transfection, and other experiments were performed to further validate the differentially expressed genes and pathways. In vivo experiments were conducted to investigate lycorine's inhibitory effects and toxicity on pancreatic cancer using a tumor-bearing mouse model. RESULTS Lycorine inhibited the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells, caused G2/M phase cycle arrest and induced apoptosis. Transcriptome sequencing and GSEA showed that lycorine inhibition of pancreatic cancer was associated with fatty acid metabolism, and aldehyde dehydrogenase 3A1 (ALDH3A1) was a significantly enriched target in the fatty acid metabolism process. ALDH3A1 expression was significantly upregulated in pancreatic cancer and was closely associated with prognosis. Molecular docking showed that lycorine binds strongly to ALDH3A1. Further studies revealed that lycorine inhibited the fatty acid oxidation (FAO) process in pancreatic cancer cells and induced cell growth inhibition and apoptosis through ALDH3A1. Lycorine also showed significant suppressive effects in tumor-bearing mice. Importantly, it did not result in significant toxicity to liver and kidney of mice, demonstrating its therapeutic potential as a safe antitumor agent. CONCLUSION Lycorine inhibited pancreatic cancer cell proliferation, blocked the cell cycle, and induced apoptosis by targeting ALDH3A1. FAO inhibition was identified for the first time as a possible mechanism for the anticancer effects of lycorine. These findings enrich the theory of targeted therapy for pancreatic cancer, expand our understanding of the pharmacological targets of lycorine, and provide a reference for exploring its natural components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi 832002, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, Shihezi 832002, China; Department of Physiology, Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi 832002, China
| | - Zhenli Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi 832002, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, Shihezi 832002, China; Department of Physiology, Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi 832002, China
| | - Shizhong Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi 832002, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, Shihezi 832002, China; Department of Physiology, Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi 832002, China
| | - Zhijian Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi 832002, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, Shihezi 832002, China; Department of Pathophysiology, Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi 832002, China
| | - Yan Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi 832002, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, Shihezi 832002, China
| | - Rui Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi 832002, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, Shihezi 832002, China; Department of Physiology, Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi 832002, China.
| | - Xinzhi Li
- The Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi 832002, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, Shihezi 832002, China; Department of Pathophysiology, Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi 832002, China.
| | - Ketao Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi 832002, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, Shihezi 832002, China; Department of Physiology, Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi 832002, China.
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Hasibuan PAZ, Keliat JM, Lubis MF, Nasution A. The ethyl acetate extract of Vernonia amygdalina leaf ameliorates gemcitabine effect against migration and invasion of PANC-1 cells via down-regulation the VEGF, COX 2, and RAS/MEK pathways. Saudi Pharm J 2024; 32:101872. [PMID: 38111670 PMCID: PMC10727942 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.101872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Individuals diagnosed with cancer often turn to the use of herbal remedies with the intention of treating and ameliorating the condition, impeding the progression of metastasis, enhancing immune function, mitigating stress, and inducing relaxation. Recently, medicinal plants were combined with conventional chemotherapy to decrease the side effects and increase the effectiveness of chemotherapy. This study showed the effectiveness of gemcitabine (Gem) was significantly increased after being used together with ethyl acetate extract obtained from Vernonia amygdalina (Eav) leaves. The combination doses of Eav and Gem were determined based on cytotoxic activity using the MTT assay method. The anticancer effect of this combination was identified by several parameters including the apoptosis effect, anti-migration, and anti-invasion activities of PANC-1 cells. Furthermore, this effect was explained via protein expression evaluation using immunohistochemical and flow cytometry. The Eav has a better Inhibitory Concentration 50 (IC50) than Gem of 21.19 ± 0.64 µg/mL and 164.78 ± 1.40 µg/mL. The combination of Eav and Gem at IC50 (1:1) has the strongest activity than Eav and Gem alone at 500.00 µg/mL. The anti-cancer effect of this combination showed significantly increased levels of apoptosis, particularly in the early phase of 17.46 ± 0.35 % (p < 0.0001) than Eav and Gem alone of 7.76 ± 0.25 % and 7.06 ± 0.20 %. A similar impact was evaluated in the migration and invasion of PANC-1 cells after the combination treatment. The % relative migration and cell invasion were significantly decreased compared to the control group and Eav or Gem alone by 21.49 ± 0.96 % and 125.25 ± 5.25 cells, respectively (p < 0.0001). This study found that signature molecules of VEGF, COX2, RAS, and MEK were down-regulated after treatment. Our study suggested that the Eav ameliorates the Gem effect against PANC-1 cells through apoptosis, migration, and invasion influence via RAS/MEK pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jane Melita Keliat
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Food Analysis, Faculty of Vocational, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Fauzan Lubis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Indonesia
| | - Annisa Nasution
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Indonesia
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Cayuela L, Cayuela Domínguez A. Has the trend in pancreatic cancer mortality in Spain started to slow down? Rev Esp Enferm Dig 2024; 116:14-21. [PMID: 37539535 DOI: 10.17235/reed.2023.9573/2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION the aim of this study was to describe the trends of pancreatic cancer mortality by autonomous communities (ACs) and gender in Spain (1980-2021). METHODS an ecological trend study was performed (with aggregated data obtained from the National Institute of Statistics). Age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRs) for pancreatic cancer (per 100,000) were estimated by direct standardization, using the European standard population. Trends in ASMR (all ages and truncated 35-64 years) were analyzed by sex in each AC using a joinpoint regression model. The annual percent changes (APC) and average annual percentage of change (AAPC) were computed for trends using the joinpoint regression analysis. RESULTS in both sexes, ASMRs (all ages) increased significantly (p < 0.05) during the study period (AAPC: 1.5 % in males and 1.8 % in females). The joinpoint analysis identified a turning point in the trends in the late 1980s, which delineates two periods: an initial period of significant increase followed by a period of slowing of the increase (APC: 0.9 % and 1.4 % in males and females respectively; p < 0.05). In both sexes, a significant increase in ASMR (all ages) was observed in all ACs, except in Navarre, where the rates remained stable in males. In males, three ACs (Galicia, Madrid and Navarre) showed a point of inflexion in the time trend around the year 2000 (1999, 2000 and 2001 respectively), when the rates, after a period of significant increase (ACs: 2.6 %, 2.4 %, and 2.4 %, respectively; p < 0.05), stabilized (Galicia and Navarre) or the increase slowed (Madrid). In females, only Madrid showed a point of inflection in 1992, when, after a significant increase, the rates slowed down (1992-2021; APC: 1.5 %; p < 0.05). Conclusions: the upward trend in pancreatic cancer mortality in some ACs seems to have slowed (in both sexes in Madrid), stabilized (in men in Galicia and Navarre) or turned around (in men aged 30-64 in Navarre).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Cayuela
- Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Severo Ochoa, España
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Cassalia F, Bolzon A, Ponzano M, Ventura L, Danese A, Del Fiore P, Belloni Fortina A, Jovine E, Perri G, Cillo U, Marchegiani G. The Importance of Reading the Skin: Cutaneous Metastases of Pancreatic Cancer, a Systematic Review. J Clin Med 2023; 13:104. [PMID: 38202111 PMCID: PMC10779471 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13010104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer is notorious for its aggressive nature and low survival rate, with less than 10% of patients surviving beyond five years. Early detection is difficult, but skin metastases can be a rare but significant indicator. This systematic review focuses on the epidemiology, clinical features, and histology of skin metastases from pancreatic cancer to determine their importance in early diagnosis and overall management of the disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS Following PRISMA guidelines, we conducted an exhaustive search of MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, and SCOPUS databases up to June 2023, using specific keywords. Four independent investigators screened the studies using predefined criteria, and two investigators checked the accuracy and consistency of the data extraction. We assessed the quality of the trials using adapted criteria from the Joanna Briggs Institute. A narrative synthesis rather than a meta-analysis was chosen because of the different study designs. RESULTS The final analysis included 57 patients with skin metastases from pancreatic cancer. Cutaneous metastases, although rare, presented with approximately equal gender distribution and a mean age of 63.4 years. Predominantly non-umbilical (77%), these metastases showed clinical diversity, ranging from asymptomatic nodules to painful or ulcerated lesions. Notably, skin metastases often preceded the diagnosis of primary pancreatic cancer (58%). Primary tumor characteristics revealed different localizations, with adenocarcinoma being the most prevalent histological type (77%). A significant association (p = 0.008) was observed between pancreatic tumor location and the timing of presentation of skin metastases. Tumors located in the body and tail of the pancreas were more likely to manifest skin metastases as an initial clinical manifestation (62.2%) than those in the head of the pancreas (20.8%). CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, although skin metastases are rare, they are important indicators of pancreatic cancer, highlighting the need for multidisciplinary healthcare collaboration and thorough skin examination. Recognizing them could lead to earlier diagnosis, which is crucial in a cancer with limited treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fortunato Cassalia
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medicine [DIMED], University of Padua, 35121 Padua, Italy; (F.C.); (A.B.); (M.P.); (A.B.F.)
| | - Anna Bolzon
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medicine [DIMED], University of Padua, 35121 Padua, Italy; (F.C.); (A.B.); (M.P.); (A.B.F.)
| | - Monica Ponzano
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medicine [DIMED], University of Padua, 35121 Padua, Italy; (F.C.); (A.B.); (M.P.); (A.B.F.)
| | - Laura Ventura
- Department of Statistics, University of Padua, 35121 Padova, Italy;
| | - Andrea Danese
- Section of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy;
| | - Paolo Del Fiore
- Soft-Tissue, Peritoneum and Melanoma Surgical Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, 35128 Padua, Italy;
| | - Anna Belloni Fortina
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medicine [DIMED], University of Padua, 35121 Padua, Italy; (F.C.); (A.B.); (M.P.); (A.B.F.)
- Department of Woman’s and Children’s Health, University of Padua, 35121 Padua, Italy
| | - Elio Jovine
- Department of General Surgery, IRCCS, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Maggiore Hospital, 40133 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Giampaolo Perri
- Department of General Surgery, IRCCS, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Maggiore Hospital, 40133 Bologna, Italy;
- Hepatopancreatobiliary and Liver Surgery, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology DiSCOG, University of Padua, 35121 Padua, Italy; (G.P.); (U.C.)
| | - Umberto Cillo
- Hepatopancreatobiliary and Liver Surgery, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology DiSCOG, University of Padua, 35121 Padua, Italy; (G.P.); (U.C.)
| | - Giovanni Marchegiani
- Hepatopancreatobiliary and Liver Surgery, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology DiSCOG, University of Padua, 35121 Padua, Italy; (G.P.); (U.C.)
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