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Robledo-O'Ryan N, Matos MJ, Vazquez-Rodriguez S, Santana L, Uriarte E, Moncada-Basualto M, Mura F, Lapier M, Maya JD, Olea-Azar C. Synthesis, antioxidant and antichagasic properties of a selected series of hydroxy-3-arylcoumarins. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 25:621-632. [PMID: 27908757 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Revised: 10/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is involved in several parasitic diseases such as Chagas. Agents able to selectively modulate biochemical processes involved in the disease represent promising multifunctional agents for the delay or abolishment of the progression of this pathology. In the current work, differently substituted hydroxy-3-arylcoumarins are described, exerting both antioxidant and trypanocidal activity. Among the compounds synthesized, compound 8 showed the most interesting profile, presenting a moderate scavenging ability for peroxyl radicals (ORAC-FL=2.23) and a high degree of selectivity towards epimastigotes stage of the parasite T. cruzi (IC50=1.31μM), higher than Nifurtimox (drug currently used for treatment of Chagas disease). Interestingly, the current study revealed that small structural changes in the hydroxy-3-arylcoumarin core allow modulating both activities, suggesting that this scaffold has desirable properties for the development of promising classes of antichagasic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Robledo-O'Ryan
- Free Radical and Antioxidants Laboratory, Inorganic and Analytical Department, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Sergio Livingstone Polhammer 1007, Independencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - Maria João Matos
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Saleta Vazquez-Rodriguez
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Lourdes Santana
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Eugenio Uriarte
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Mauricio Moncada-Basualto
- Free Radical and Antioxidants Laboratory, Inorganic and Analytical Department, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Sergio Livingstone Polhammer 1007, Independencia, Santiago, Chile; Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisco Mura
- Free Radical and Antioxidants Laboratory, Inorganic and Analytical Department, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Sergio Livingstone Polhammer 1007, Independencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - Michel Lapier
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Clinical, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan Diego Maya
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Clinical, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudio Olea-Azar
- Free Radical and Antioxidants Laboratory, Inorganic and Analytical Department, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Sergio Livingstone Polhammer 1007, Independencia, Santiago, Chile.
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Liu R, Xing L, Fu Q, Zhou GH, Zhang WG. A Review of Antioxidant Peptides Derived from Meat Muscle and By-Products. Antioxidants (Basel) 2016; 5:E32. [PMID: 27657142 PMCID: PMC5039581 DOI: 10.3390/antiox5030032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Antioxidant peptides are gradually being accepted as food ingredients, supplemented in functional food and nutraceuticals, to positively regulate oxidative stress in the human body against lipid and protein oxidation. Meat muscle and meat by-products are rich sources of proteins and can be regarded as good materials for the production of bioactive peptides by use of enzymatic hydrolysis or direct solvent extraction. In recent years, there has been a growing number of studies conducted to characterize antioxidant peptides or hydrolysates derived from meat muscle and by-products as well as processed meat products, including dry-cured hams. Antioxidant peptides obtained from animal sources could exert not only nutritional value but also bioavailability to benefit human health. This paper reviews the antioxidant peptides or protein hydrolysates identified in muscle protein and by-products. We focus on the procedure for the generation of peptides with antioxidant capacity including the acquisition of crude peptides, the assessment of antioxidant activity, and the purification and identification of the active fraction. It remains critical to perform validation experiments with a cell model, animal model or clinical trial to eliminate safety concerns before final application in the food system. In addition, some of the common characteristics on structure-activity relationship are also reviewed based on the identified antioxidant peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Ministry of Education China, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Lujuan Xing
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Ministry of Education China, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Qingquan Fu
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Ministry of Education China, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
- School of Biochemical and Environmental Engineering, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing 211171, China.
| | - Guang-Hong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Ministry of Education China, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Wan-Gang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Ministry of Education China, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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Zhang J, Liu S, Zhang Y, Lu Y, Wang M, Wang G, Liu X. Purification and antioxidant ability of peptide from egg in sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2016.1160409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- College of Biotechnology, the State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China
- Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Shaowei Liu
- College of Biotechnology, the State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanhua Lu
- College of Biotechnology, the State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Maojian Wang
- Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Gongming Wang
- Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai, Shandong, China
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Shirmohammadi F, Hasheminassab S, Wang D, Schauer JJ, Shafer MM, Delfino RJ, Sioutas C. The relative importance of tailpipe and non-tailpipe emissions on the oxidative potential of ambient particles in Los Angeles, CA. Faraday Discuss 2016; 189:361-80. [PMID: 27086939 PMCID: PMC4945381 DOI: 10.1039/c5fd00166h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This study examines the associations between the oxidative potential of ambient PM2.5 and PM0.18, measured by means of the dithiothreitol (DTT) assay, and their chemical constituents and modeled sources. Particulate matter (PM) samples were collected from 2012-2013 in Central Los Angeles (LA) and 2013-2014 in Anaheim, California, USA. Detailed chemical analyses of the PM samples, including carbonaceous species, inorganic elements and water-soluble ions, were conducted. Univariate analysis indicated a high correlation (R > 0.60) between the DTT activity and the concentrations of carbonaceous species at both sites. The strongest correlations were observed between DTT and organic tracers of primary vehicle tailpipe emissions including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and hopanes as well as EC, with higher correlations for PM0.18versus PM2.5 components. Moreover, metals and trace elements (e.g., Ba, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb and Sb) in both size ranges were also associated with DTT activity. Multiple linear regression (MLR) analysis was performed on DTT activity and PM sources identified by a Molecular Marker-Chemical Mass Balance (MM-CMB) model (i.e. major carbonaceous sources: vehicle tailpipe emissions, wood smoke, primary biogenic and secondary organic carbon) together with other typical sources of ambient PM (i.e. crustal material, vehicular abrasion, secondary ions and sea salt). Overall, our findings illustrate the relative importance of different traffic sources on the oxidative potential of ambient PM. Despite major reductions of tailpipe emissions, the lack of similar reductions (and possibly an increase) in non-tailpipe emissions makes them an important source of traffic-related PM in Los Angeles and their increasing role in the overall PM toxicity raises concerns for public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farimah Shirmohammadi
- University of Southern California, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Sina Hasheminassab
- University of Southern California, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Dongbin Wang
- University of Southern California, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - James J Schauer
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Martin M Shafer
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Ralph J Delfino
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Constantinos Sioutas
- University of Southern California, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Islam RU, Khan MA, Islam SU. Plant Derivatives as Promising Materials for Processing and Packaging of Meat-Based Products - Focus on Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Effects. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.12862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rayees Ul Islam
- Department of Post Harvest Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences; Aligarh Muslim University; Aligarh 202002 India
| | - Mohammad Ali Khan
- Department of Post Harvest Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences; Aligarh Muslim University; Aligarh 202002 India
| | - Shahid Ul Islam
- Department of Chemistry; Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University); New Delhi 110025 India
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Zhao ZL, Yang XQ, Gong ZQ, Pan MZ, Han YL, Liu Y. Antioxidant activities of crude phlorotannins from Sargassum hemiphyllum. JOURNAL OF HUAZHONG UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. MEDICAL SCIENCES = HUA ZHONG KE JI DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE YING DE WEN BAN = HUAZHONG KEJI DAXUE XUEBAO. YIXUE YINGDEWEN BAN 2016; 36:449-455. [PMID: 27376819 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-016-1607-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Revised: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Brown algae are well known as a source of biologically active compounds, especially those having antioxidant activities, such as phlorotannins. In this study we examined the antioxidant activities of crude phlorotannins extracts (CPEs) obtained from Sargassum hemiphyllum (SH) and fractionated according to the molecular weights. When CPEs were administrated at a dose of 30 mg/kg to Kunming mice pre-treated with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), the levels of oxidative stress indicators in the liver, kidney and brain were significantly reduced in vivo. All the components of various molecular weight fractions of CPEs exhibited greater scavenging capacities in clearing hydroxyl free radical and superoxide anion than the positive controls gallic acid, vitamin C and vitamin E. Particularly, the components greater than 30 kD obtained from ethyl acetate phase showed the highest antioxidant capacities. These results indicated that SH is a potential source for extracting phlorotannins, the algal antioxidant compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Li Zhao
- Department of Food and Biology, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- People's Hospital of Longhua District, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | | | - Zhong-Qing Gong
- School of Pharmacy, Zhanjiang, 524023, China
- Shenzhen Enhance Technology Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | | | - Ya-Li Han
- Department of Food and Biology, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Yi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Nature Drug, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, 524023, China.
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Shukla P, Singh RK. Toxicogenomics of Phenylhydrazine Induced Hematotoxicity and its Attenuation by Plumbagin from Plumbago zeylanica. Pharmacogn Mag 2016; 11:S380-7. [PMID: 26929571 PMCID: PMC4745207 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.168983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High regenerative and proliferative capacity of blood and its components renders it to be at higher risk of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) which are manifested in several treatment regimens against various ailments such as cancers, viral diseases, and several metabolic disorders. OBJECTIVE It is prudent to come up with some therapeutic entity that can prevent this damage and protects the blood from these ADRs. MATERIALS AND METHODS We examined protective effects of Plumbago zeylanica (PZ) and its active constituent plumbagin (PL) on Sprague Dawley (SD) rats using a phenylhydrazine (Phz) induced hematotoxicity model. Hemoglobin (Hgb), red blood cells (RBCs), mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular Hgb (MCH), MCH concentration (MCHC), leukocytes and platelets were studied. Anti-oxidant enzymes superoxide dismutases 2 and 3 (SODs) and nuclear erythroid 2 p45-related factor 1 and 2 (Nfer-1 and 2) were also studied using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS In Phz treated rats, the positive hematotoxic response was obtained in terms of deviated endpoints of blood indices. In PLtreated groups protective response was obtained in terms of normal endpoints of blood indices. In PCR studies, we observed the similar trend. Thus, it can be postulated that PL exerts its protective effects via modulation of anti-oxidant enzymes. CONCLUSION The study proves that PL can be employed against combatting the ADRs associated with several therapeutic treatment regimens. Similar studies employing such pharmacological entities and their combinations may further prove to be effective against ADRs, especially in the context of blood cells. SUMMARY Hematotoxicity is generally encountered in various therapeutic regimens as ADRs (Adverse Drug Reactions). Plumbagin, an active constituent of plant Plumbago zeylanica is tested for its anti-hematotoxic potential in Phenylhydrazine induced hematotoxicity model in Sprague dawley rats. In vivo, in-vitro and molecular studies confirmed the peremptory actions of PL. It was revealed in our studies that the anti-hematotoxic actions of Plumbagin are due to its capacity to modulate anti-oxidant enzyme system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Shukla
- Academy for Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India; Molecular Hematological Facility, Division of Toxicology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - R K Singh
- Academy for Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India; Molecular Hematological Facility, Division of Toxicology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Bai Y, Feng W, Wang S, Zhang X, Zhang W, He M, Zhang X, Wu T, Guo H. Essential Metals Zinc, Selenium, and Strontium Protect against Chromosome Damage Caused by Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:951-960. [PMID: 26699282 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b03945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Essential metals play important roles in maintaining cellular homeostasis, but the effects of their interaction with the environmental pollutants are still not very well-known in human subjects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the roles of essential metals and their interactions with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on chromosome damage, an early carcinogenic event. A total of 1245 male workers were included in this study and the levels of 11 urinary essential metals, 12 urinary PAH metabolites, plasma concentrations of benzo[a]pyrene-r-7,t-8,t-9,c-10-tetrahydotetrol-albumin (BPDE-Alb) adducts, and lymphocyte micronucleus (MN) frequencies were monitored. We found that zinc (Zn), selenium (Se), and strontium (Sr) have significant inverse dose-response relationships with MN frequencies (all P < 0.05). Furthermore, the protective roles of Zn, Se, and Sr were mainly shown among subjects with high levels of BPDE-Alb adducts. Significant effect modification of BPDE-Alb adducts on the associations of Zn, Se, and Sr with MN frequencies was observed (all Pinteraction < 0.05). Our study showed evidence that Zn, Se, and Sr play protective roles in reducing chromosome damage, and these effects can be modified by PAH exposure levels. These findings add potential evidence for the preventive effects of Zn, Se, and Sr against carcinogenesis in human subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yansen Bai
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Wei Feng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Suhan Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Wangzhen Zhang
- Institute of Industrial Health, Wuhan Iron & Steel (Group) Corporation , Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Meian He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Tangchun Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Huan Guo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074, China
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The impact of red cabbage fermentation on bioavailability of anthocyanins and antioxidant capacity of human plasma. Food Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Villacorta L, Gao Z, Schopfer FJ, Freeman BA, Chen YE. Nitro-fatty acids in cardiovascular regulation and diseases: characteristics and molecular mechanisms. Front Biosci (Landmark Ed) 2016; 21:873-89. [PMID: 26709810 DOI: 10.2741/4425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Electrophilic nitro-fatty acids (NO2-FAs) are endogenously formed by redox reactions of nitric oxide ((.)NO)- and nitrite ((.)NO2)- derived nitrogen dioxide with unsaturated fatty acids. Nitration preferentially occurs on polyunsaturated fatty acids with conjugated dienes under physiological or pathophysiological conditions such as during digestion, metabolism and as adaptive inflammatory processes. Nitro-fatty acids are present in free and esterified forms achieving broad biodistribution in humans and experimental models. Structural, functional and biological characterization of NO2-FAs has revealed clinically relevant protection from inflammatory injury in a number of cardiovascular, renal and metabolic experimental models. NO2-FAs are engaged in posttranslational modifications (PTMs) of a selective redox sensitive pool of proteins and regulate key adaptive signaling pathways involved in cellular homeostasis and inflammatory response. Here, we review and update the biosynthesis, metabolism and signaling actions of NO2-FAs, highlighting their diverse protective roles relevant to the cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Villacorta
- Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex 26, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48109,,
| | - Zhen Gao
- Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex 26, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Francisco J Schopfer
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, E1343 Thomas E. Starzl Biomedical Science Tower, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Bruce A Freeman
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, E1343 Thomas E. Starzl Biomedical Science Tower, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Y Eugene Chen
- Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex 26, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
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Szwed M, Wrona D, Kania KD, Koceva-Chyla A, Marczak A. Doxorubicin-transferrin conjugate triggers pro-oxidative disorders in solid tumor cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2015; 31:60-71. [PMID: 26607004 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2015.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a widely accepted mechanism of doxorubicin (DOX) toxicity toward cancer cells. However, little is known about the potential of new systems, designed for more efficient and targeted doxorubicin delivery (i.e. protein conjugates, polymeric micelles, liposomes, monoclonal antibodies), to induce oxidative stress (OS) in tumors and hematological malignancies. Therefore, the objective of our study was to determine the relation between the toxicity of doxorubicin-transferring (DOX-TRF) conjugate and its capability to generate oxidative/nitrosative stress in solid tumor cells. Our research proves that DOX-TRF conjugate displays higher cytotoxicity towards lung adenocarcinoma epithelial (A549) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cell lines than the reference free drug (DOX) and induces more extensive OS, characterized by a significant decrease in the total cellular antioxidant capacity, glutathione level and amount of -SH groups and an increase in hydroperoxide content. The intracellular redox imbalance was accompanied by changes in the transcription of genes encoding key antioxidant enzymes engaged in the sustaining of cellular redox homeostasis: superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione transferase (GST) and glutathione peroxidase (GP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzena Szwed
- Department of Thermobiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska St. 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Dominika Wrona
- Department of Thermobiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska St. 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna D Kania
- Laboratory of Transcriptional Regulation, Institute of Medical Biology, PAS, Lodowa St. 106, 93-232 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Aneta Koceva-Chyla
- Department of Thermobiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska St. 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Marczak
- Department of Thermobiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska St. 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland.
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Chen KL, Bi KS, Han F, Zhu HY, Zhang XS, Mao XJ, Yin R. Evaluation of the protective effect of Zhi-Zi-da-Huang decoction on acute liver injury with cholestasis induced by α-naphthylisothiocyanate in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 172:402-409. [PMID: 26163196 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.06.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2015] [Revised: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Zhi-Zi-Da-Huang decoction (ZZDHD), a classic traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula composed of four herbal medicines, has been widely used to treat various hepatobiliary disorders for a long time in China. However, the pharmacological effect of ZZDHD on liver injury with cholestasis is unrevealed. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the hepatoprotective effect of ZZDHD against α-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT)-induced liver injury with cholestasis in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS The rats were intragastrically (i.g.) given ZZDHD at doses of 1, 2 and 4 g/kg (crude drug/body weight) once a day for seven days and treated with ANIT (75 mg/kg via i.g.) to cause liver injury at 12h after the fifth administration. The serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (γ-GTP), total bilirubin (TBIL), direct bilirubin (DBIL) and total bile acid (TBA), as well as bile flow were measured at 48 h after ANIT treatment to evaluate the protective effect of ZZDHD. Moreover, the possible protective mechanisms were elucidated by assays of liver enzyme activities and component contents including malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), lipid peroxide (LPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT). The biochemical observations were supplemented by histopathological examination. Ultra fast liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UFLC-MS) was used for the phytochemical analysis of ZZDHD. RESULTS The high dose (4 g/kg) and middle dose (2g/kg) of ZZDHD exhibited significant and dose-dependent protective effect on ANIT-induced liver injury with cholestasis by reversing the changes in bile flow, the serum and hepatic enzymes, and histopathology of the liver tissue. Meanwhile, it was found that the low dose (1g/kg) of ZZDHD did not improve the biochemical indexes except serum TBIL, DBIL and TBA, which showed little protective effect. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of sixteen compounds in ZZDHD. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that ZZDHD exerted a hepatoprotective effect on ANIT-induced liver injury with cholestasis in rats, and the mechanism of this activity is possibly related to its antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Lin Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Kai-Shun Bi
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Fei Han
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - He-Yun Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; School of Pharmacy, Jilin Medical College, Jilin 132013, China
| | - Xiao-Shu Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xin-Juan Mao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Ran Yin
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
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Kammeyer A, Luiten R. Oxidation events and skin aging. Ageing Res Rev 2015; 21:16-29. [PMID: 25653189 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2015.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 554] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Revised: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The rate of skin aging, or that of tissue in general, is determined by a variable predominance of tissue degeneration over tissue regeneration. This review discusses the role of oxidative events of tissue degeneration and aging in general, and for the skin in particular. The mechanisms involved in intrinsic and extrinsic (photo-) aging are described. Since photoaging is recognized as an important extrinsic aging factor, we put special emphasize on the effects of UV exposure on aging, and its variable influence according to global location and skin type. We here summarise direct photochemical effects of UV on DNA, RNA, proteins and vitamin D, the factors contributing to UV-induced immunosuppression, which may delay aging, the nature and origin of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) as indirect contributors for aging, and the consequences of oxidative events for extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, such as that of collagen. We conclude that conflicting data on studies investigating the validity of the free radical damage theory of aging may reflect variations in the level of ROS induction which is difficult to quantify in vivo, and the lack of targeting of experimental ROS to the relevant cellular compartment. Also mitohormesis, an adaptive response, may arise in vivo to moderate ROS levels, further complicating interpretation of in vivo results. We here describes how skin aging is mediated both directly and indirectly by oxidative degeneration.This review indicates that skin aging events are initiated and often propagated by oxidation events, despite recently recognized adaptive responses to oxidative stress.
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64
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Antioxidant and acetylcholinesterase inhibition properties of novel bromophenol derivatives. Bioorg Chem 2015; 60:49-57. [PMID: 25956827 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2015.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Revised: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, series of novel bromophenol derivatives were synthesized and investigated for their antioxidant and AChE inhibition properties. Novel brominated diarylmethanones were obtained from the acylation reactions of benzoic acids with substituted benzenes. One of the bromodiarylmethanone was synthesized from the bromination of diarylmethanone with molecular bromine. All diarylmethanones were converted into their bromophenol derivatives with BBr3. The antioxidant activities of all synthesized compounds were elucidated by using various bioanalytical assays. Radical scavenging activities of compounds 10-24 were evaluated by means of DPPH and ABTS(+) scavenging activities. In addition, reducing ability of 10-24 were determined by Fe(3+), Cu(2+), and [Fe(3+)-(TPTZ)2](3) reducing activities. α-Tocopherol, trolox, BHA, and BHT were used as positive antioxidant and radical scavenger molecules. On the other hand, IC50 values were calculated for DPPH, ABTS(+) scavenging, and AChE inhibition effects of novel compounds. The results obtained from the current studies clearly show that novel bromophenol derivatives 20-24 have considerable antioxidant, antiradical, and AChE inhibition effects.
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65
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Sagrillo MR, Garcia LFM, de Souza Filho OC, Duarte MMMF, Ribeiro EE, Cadoná FC, da Cruz IBM. Tucumã fruit extracts (Astrocaryum aculeatum Meyer) decrease cytotoxic effects of hydrogen peroxide on human lymphocytes. Food Chem 2015; 173:741-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.10.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2013] [Revised: 09/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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66
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Materska M, Konopacka M, Rogoliński J, Ślosarek K. Antioxidant activity and protective effects against oxidative damage of human cells induced by X-radiation of phenolic glycosides isolated from pepper fruits Capsicum annuum L. Food Chem 2015; 168:546-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Revised: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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67
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Szwed M, Kania KD, Jozwiak Z. Molecular damage caused by generation of reactive oxygen species in the redox cycle of doxorubicin-transferrin conjugate in human leukemia cell lines. Leuk Lymphoma 2014; 56:1475-83. [PMID: 25166006 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2014.955022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
In this study we focused on evaluation of the pro-oxidant properties of doxorubicin-transferrin (DOX-TRF) conjugate and its potency to damage macromolecules which are components of cellular compartments. Our experiments were performed on two human leukemia cell lines: K562 (chronic erythromyeloblastoid leukemia) and CCRF-CEM (acute lymphoblastic leukemia). We determined the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and programmed cell death (PCD) induction by free DOX and its conjugate. Besides this, the lipid peroxidation and protein damage which can be provoked by DOX alone and DOX-TRF conjugate were assessed. ROS were produced in leukemia cells incubated with free DOX and DOX-TRF conjugate and the extent of apoptosis and necrosis was strongly dependent on the cell line, sensitivity to drug and time of incubation with the investigated compounds. The role of ROS in DOX-TRF conjugate-induced cell death was confirmed by the diminution effects of the antioxidant vitamin C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzena Szwed
- Department of Thermobiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz , Lodz , Poland
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68
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Yoon GA, Park S. Antioxidant action of soy isoflavones on oxidative stress and antioxidant enzyme activities in exercised rats. Nutr Res Pract 2014; 8:618-24. [PMID: 25489400 PMCID: PMC4252520 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2014.8.6.618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Revised: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Isoflavones are widely believed to be beneficial to human health, in relation to their antioxidant potentials. Exercise can cause an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants. This study was conducted in order to investigate the ability of isoflavones in amelioration of oxidative stress induced by exercise. MATERIALS/METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to one of four groups: isoflavone-free with no exercise (CON-sd), isoflavone-free with exercise (CON-ex), isoflavone-supplemented with no exercise (ISF-sd), and isoflavone-supplemented with exercise (ISF-ex). Animals exercised on the treadmill for 30 minutes per day, five days per week. TBARS as a marker of oxidative stress and antioxidant enzyme activity, including SOD, GSH-px, and catalase were determined in liver tissue. Serum lipid profile was also examined. RESULTS A significant effect of isoflavone alone was observed on abdominal fat pad mass. ISF-ex had significantly less abdominal fat pad than CON-ex. Both exercise and isoflavone treatment had significant effects on lowering plasma triglyceride (TG), thus, the ISF-ex group had a significantly lower TG level than the CON-sd group, by 30.9%. However, no differences were observed in plasma cholesterol, HDL-C, and cholesterol/HDL-C ratio. Exercise, isoflavone, and exercise-isoflavone interaction effects were significant on thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) (P = 0.001, 0.002, and 0.005, respectively). The CON-ex group showed a higher TBARS level than the other three groups. By contrast, in the ISF-ex group, TBARS was restored to the level of the ISF-sd or CON-sd group. Isoflavone had a significant effect on superoxide dismutase (SOD) (P = 0.022) and catalase activities (P = 0.049). Significantly higher SOD and catalase activities were observed in ISF-ex than CON-ex. SOD and catalase activities showed an inverse pattern of TBARS. Taken together, isoflavones increased the activities of SOD and catalase with concomitant decreases in TBARS, indicative of decreased oxidative stress. CONCLUSIONS Isoflavone supplementation enhances antioxidant action with attenuation of exercise-induced oxidative stress, as measured by decreases in TBARS, and inhibits body fat accumulation and plasma TG increase. Antioxidative effects ascribed to isoflavones may be partially exerted via enhancement of antioxidant enzyme activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gun-Ae Yoon
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Natural Science and Human Ecology, Dong-eui University, 176 Eomgwangno, Busanjin-gu, Busan 614-714, Korea
| | - Sunmin Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Natural Science, Hoseo University, Chungnam 336-795, Korea
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69
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Antioxidant activity and characterization of antioxidant polysaccharides from pine needle (Cedrus deodara). Carbohydr Polym 2014; 108:58-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2014] [Revised: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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70
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Phan-Thien KY, Wright GC, Tillman BL, Lee NA. Peanut antioxidants: Part 1. Genotypic variation and genotype-by-environment interaction in antioxidant capacity of raw kernels. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2013.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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71
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Aksenov AA, Sandrock CE, Zhao W, Sankaran S, Schivo M, Harper R, Cardona CJ, Xing Z, Davis CE. Cellular scent of influenza virus infection. Chembiochem 2014; 15:1040-8. [PMID: 24719290 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201300695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emanating from humans have the potential to revolutionize non-invasive diagnostics. Yet, little is known about how these compounds are generated by complex biological systems, and even less is known about how these compounds are reflective of a particular physiological state. In this proof-of-concept study, we examined VOCs produced directly at the cellular level from B lymphoblastoid cells upon infection with three live influenza virus subtypes: H9N2 (avian), H6N2 (avian), and H1N1 (human). Using a single cell line helped to alleviate some of the complexity and variability when studying VOC production by an entire organism, and it allowed us to discern marked differences in VOC production upon infection of the cells. The patterns of VOCs produced in response to infection were unique for each virus subtype, while several other non-specific VOCs were produced after infections with all three strains. Also, there was a specific time course of VOC release post infection. Among emitted VOCs, production of esters and other oxygenated compounds was particularly notable, and these may be attributed to increased oxidative stress resulting from infection. Elucidating VOC signatures that result from the host cells response to infection may yield an avenue for non-invasive diagnostics and therapy of influenza and other viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander A Aksenov
- Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering, University of California, Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 (USA)
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72
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Kim SC, Lee JR, Park SJ. Role of 6-shogaol in tert -butyl hydroperoxide-induced apoptosis of HepG2 cells. Pharmacology 2014; 93:137-44. [PMID: 24662601 DOI: 10.1159/000360090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of 6-shogaol on tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBHP)-induced oxidative stress leading to apoptosis in human hepatoma cell line HepG2. The cells were exposed to tBHP (100 μmol/l) after pretreatment with 6-shogaol (2.5 and 5 μmol/l), and then cell viability was measured. 6-Shogaol fully prevented HepG2 cell death caused by tBHP. Treatment of tBHP resulted in apoptotic cell death as assessed by TUNEL assay and the expression of apoptosis regulator proteins, Bcl-2 family, caspases and cytochrome c. Cells treated with 6-shogaol showed rapid reduction of apoptosis by restoring these markers of apoptotic cells. In addition, 6-shogaol significantly recovered disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential as a start sign of hepatic apoptosis induced by oxidative stress. In line with this observation, antioxidative 6-shogaol inhibited generation of reactive oxygen species and depletion of reduced glutathione in tBHP-stimulated HepG2 cells. Taken together, these results for the first time showed antioxidative and antiapoptotic activities of 6-shogaol in tBHP-treated hepatoma HepG2 cells, suggesting that 6-shogaol could be beneficial in hepatic disorders caused by oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Chan Kim
- Medical Research Center for Globalization of Herbal Formulation, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
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73
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Bao B, Azmi AS, Li Y, Ahmad A, Ali S, Banerjee S, Kong D, Sarkar FH. Targeting CSCs in tumor microenvironment: the potential role of ROS-associated miRNAs in tumor aggressiveness. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2014; 9:22-35. [PMID: 23957937 PMCID: PMC4493722 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x113089990053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Revised: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 08/06/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been widely considered as critical cellular signaling molecules involving in various biological processes such as cell growth, differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis. The homeostasis of ROS is critical to maintain normal biological processes. Increased production of ROS, namely oxidative stress, due to either endogenous or exogenous sources causes irreversible damage of bio-molecules such as DNA, proteins, lipids, and sugars, leading to genomic instability, genetic mutation, and altered gene expression, eventually contributing to tumorigenesis. A great amount of experimental studies in vitro and in vivo have produced solid evidence supporting that oxidative stress is strongly associated with increased tumor cell growth, treatment resistance, and metastasis, and all of which contribute to tumor aggressiveness. More recently, the data have indicated that altered production of ROS is also associated with cancer stem cells (CSCs), epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and hypoxia, the most common features or phenomena in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. However, the exact mechanism by which ROS is involved in the regulation of CSC and EMT characteristics as well as hypoxia- and, especially, HIF-mediated pathways is not well known. Emerging evidence suggests the role of miRNAs in tumorigenesis and progression of human tumors. Recently, the data have indicated that altered productions of ROS are associated with deregulated expression of miRNAs, suggesting their potential roles in the regulation of ROS production. Therefore, targeting ROS mediated through the deregulation of miRNAs by novel approaches or by naturally occurring anti-oxidant agents such as genistein could provide a new therapeutic approach for the prevention and/or treatment of human malignancies. In this article, we will discuss the potential role of miRNAs in the regulation of ROS production during tumorigenesis. Finally, we will discuss the role of genistein, as a potent anti-tumor agent in the regulation of ROS production during tumorigenesis and tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Fazlul H Sarkar
- Departments of Pathology and Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 740 HWCRC, 4100 John R Street, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
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74
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Lim SM. Microbiological, Physicochemical, and Antioxidant Properties of Plain Yogurt and Soy Yogurt. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.7845/kjm.2013.3074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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75
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Erihemu, Hironaka K, Koaze H, Oda Y, Shimada K. Zinc enrichment of whole potato tuber by vacuum impregnation. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2013; 52:2352-8. [PMID: 25829619 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-013-1194-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Zinc is a nutritionally essential truce element, and thus zinc deficiency (ZD) severely affects human health. More than 25% of the world's population is at risk of ZD. This study was initiated to examine the use of the vacuum impregnation (VI) technique for enriching zinc content of whole potatoes; the effect of vacuum time, restoration time, steam-cooking and storage at 4 °C on the zinc content of VI whole potatoes was evaluated. Whole potato tubers were immersed in a 9 g/100 g zinc (zinc gluconate) solution. Vacuum pressure of 1,000 Pa was applied for 0-120 min, and atmospheric pressure restoration for 0-4 h. Experimental results showed that the zinc content of VI potatoes increased with vacuum and restoration time. Moreover, VI-cooked unpeeled or peeled potatoes had 63-94 times and 47-75 times higher zinc contents than un-VI-cooked unpeeled or peeled potatoes, respectively. The world daily potato consumption (86 g) of the VI-cooked unpeeled and peeled potatoes provided adult men with 130-148% and 100-135% of the recommended daily allowance (RDA) of zinc, respectively. Also, the daily potato consumption of the unpeeled and peeled potatoes supplied adult women with 178-203% and 137-185% of the RDA level, respectively. In addition, the VI potatoes had 40 times higher zinc contents through 30 days of storage at 4 °C, compared with un-VI-treated potatoes. This study indicated that VI treatment of whole potatoes was useful for enriching the zinc content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erihemu
- Department of Food Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, 080 8555 Hokkaido Japan
| | - Kazunori Hironaka
- Department of Regional Agricultural Engineering, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, 903 0213 Okinawa Japan
| | - Hiroshi Koaze
- Department of Food Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, 080 8555 Hokkaido Japan
| | - Yuji Oda
- Department of Food Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, 080 8555 Hokkaido Japan
| | - Kenichiro Shimada
- Department of Food Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, 080 8555 Hokkaido Japan
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76
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Salamifar SE, Lai RY. Use of combined scanning electrochemical and fluorescence microscopy for detection of reactive oxygen species in prostate cancer cells. Anal Chem 2013; 85:9417-21. [PMID: 24044675 DOI: 10.1021/ac402367f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Release of ROS from prostate cancer (PC3) cells was studied using scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) and fluorescence microscopy. One-directional lateral scan SECM was used as a rapid and reproducible tool for simultaneous mapping of cell topography and reactive oxygen species (ROS) release. Fluorescence microscopy was used in tandem to monitor the tip position, in addition to providing information on intracellular ROS content via the use of ROS-reactive fluorescent dyes. A unique tip current (iT) vs lateral distance profile was observed when the tip potential (ET) was set at -0.65 V. This profile reflects the combined effects of topographical change and ROS release at the PC3 cell surfaces. Differentiation between topographical-related and ROS-induced current change was achieved by comparing the scans collected at -0.65 and -0.85 V. The effects of other parameters such as tip to cell distance, solvent oxygen content, and scan direction on the profile of the scan were systematically evaluated. Cells treated with tert-butyl hydroperoxide, a known ROS stimulus, were also evaluated using the lateral scanning approach. Overall, the SECM results correlate well with the fluorescence results. The extracellular ROS level detected at the SECM tip was found to be similar to the intracellular ROS level monitored using fluorescence microscopy. While the concentration of each contributing ROS species has not been determined and is thus part of the future study, here we have successfully demonstrated the use of a simple two-potential lateral scan approach for analysis of ROS released by living cells under real physiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ehsan Salamifar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln , Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0304, United States
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77
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Kong B, Qia C, Erkan M, Kleeff J, Michalski CW. Overview on how oncogenic Kras promotes pancreatic carcinogenesis by inducing low intracellular ROS levels. Front Physiol 2013; 4:246. [PMID: 24062691 PMCID: PMC3771311 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2013.00246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a devastating disease without clearly known disease causes. Recent epidemiological and animal studies suggest that the supplementation of dietary antioxidants (e.g., vitamins C and E) decreases cancer risk, implying that increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) may play a role in pancreatic carcinogenesis. However, oncogenic Kras mutations (e.g., KrasG12D), which are present in more than 90% of PDAC, have been proven to foster low intracellular ROS levels. Here, oncogenic Kras activates expression of a series of anti-oxidant genes via Nrf2 (nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2) and also mediates an unusual metabolic pathway of glutamine to generate NADPH. This can then be used as the reducing power for ROS detoxification, leading collectively to low ROS levels in pancreatic pre-neoplastic cells and in cancer cells. In adult stem cells and cancer stem cells, low ROS levels have been associated with the formation of a proliferation-permissive intracellular environment and with perseverance of self-renewal capacities. Therefore, it is conceivable that low intracellular ROS levels may contribute significantly to oncogenic Kras-mediated PDAC formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Kong
- Department of Surgery, Technische Universität München Munich, Germany
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78
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Comparison of biological processes induced in HepG2 cells by tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP) and hydroperoxide (H2O2): The influence of carvacrol. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2013; 757:15-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2013.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2012] [Revised: 02/01/2013] [Accepted: 03/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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79
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Cardoso BR, Cominetti C, Cozzolino SMF. Importance and management of micronutrient deficiencies in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Clin Interv Aging 2013; 8:531-42. [PMID: 23696698 PMCID: PMC3656646 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s27983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, and it generally affects the elderly. It has been suggested that diet is an intensively modifiable lifestyle factor that might reduce the risk of AD. Because epidemiological studies generally report the potential neuronal protective effects of various micronutrients, the aim of this study was to perform a literature review on the major nutrients that are related to AD, including selenium, vitamins C and E, transition metals, vitamin D, B-complex vitamins, and omega-3 fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Rita Cardoso
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil.
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80
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Enhancement of In Vivo Antioxidant Ability in the Brain of Rats Fed Tannin. Neurochem Res 2013; 38:1360-4. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-013-1031-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2012] [Revised: 03/17/2013] [Accepted: 03/26/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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81
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Pavagadhi S, Betha R, Venkatesan S, Balasubramanian R, Hande MP. Physicochemical and toxicological characteristics of urban aerosols during a recent Indonesian biomass burning episode. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 20:2569-2578. [PMID: 22972615 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-012-1157-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2012] [Accepted: 08/27/2012] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Air particulate matter (PM) samples were collected in Singapore from 21 to 29 October 2010. During this time period, a severe regional smoke haze episode lasted for a few days (21-23 October). Physicochemical and toxicological characteristics of both haze and non-haze aerosols were evaluated. The average mass concentration of PM2.5 (PM with aerodynamic diameter of ≤2.5 μm) increased by a factor of 4 during the smoke haze period (107.2 μg/m(3)) as compared to that during the non-smoke haze period (27.0 μg/m(3)). The PM2.5 samples were analyzed for 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) listed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency and 10 transition metals. Out of the seven PAHs known as potential or suspected carcinogens, five were found in significantly higher levels in smoke haze aerosols as compared to those in the background air. Metal concentrations were also found to be higher in haze aerosols. Additionally, the toxicological profile of the PM2.5 samples was evaluated using a human epithelial lung cell line (A549). Cell viability and death counts were measured after a direct exposure of PM2.5 samples to A459 cells for a period of 48 h. The percentage of metabolically active cells decreased significantly following a direct exposure to PM samples collected during the haze period. To provide further insights into the toxicological characteristics of the aerosol particles, glutathione levels, as an indirect measure of oxidative stress and caspase-3/7 levels as a measure of apoptotic death, were also evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Pavagadhi
- Singapore Delft Water Alliance, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore
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82
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Subhapradha N, Ramasamy P, Sudharsan S, Seedevi P, Moovendhan M, Srinivasan A, Shanmugam V, Shanmugam A. Preparation of phosphorylated chitosan from gladius of the squid Sepioteuthis lessoniana (Lesson, 1830) and its in vitro antioxidant activity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcdf.2013.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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83
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Nabavi SM, Habtemariam S, Nabavi SF, Moghaddam AH, Latifi AM. Prophylactic effects of methyl-3-O-methyl gallate against sodium fluoride-induced oxidative stress in erythrocytes in vivo. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 65:868-73. [PMID: 23647680 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2012] [Accepted: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the effect of methyl-3-O-methyl gallate (M3OMG), a rare polyphenolic natural product with a potent in-vitro antioxidant effect, against sodium fluoride (NaF)-induced oxidative stress in rat erythrocytes in vivo. METHODS Male Wistar rats were treated daily with either M3OMG (10 and 20 mg/kg) obtained through synthesis, vitamin C (10 mg/kg) or vehicle intraperitoneally for 7 days. Oxidative stress was then induced by exposing animals to NaF (600 ppm) through drinking water for 7 days. At the end of intoxication period, rats were killed and erythrocytes isolated. The activity of antioxidant enzymes (catalase and superoxide dismutase) and levels of reduced glutathione and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances were measured in erythrocyte haemolysates. RESULTS NaF intoxication resulted in a 1.9-fold increase in erythrocyte lipid peroxidation associated with significant (P < 0.001) depletion of reduced glutathione level. Superoxide dismutase and catalase activity was suppressed by NaF treatment by 3.069 and 2.3 fold when compared with untreated control groups. Pretreatment of rats with M3OMG or vitamin C afforded protection against NaF-induced oxidative stress as assessed through the measured oxidant/antioxidant markers. CONCLUSION This finding provided in-vivo evidence for the therapeutic potential of M3OMG in combating fluoride-induced oxidative damage in cellular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Generation of selenoprotein with glutathione peroxidase activity by chemical modification of the single-chain variable fragment expressed in a single-protein production system and its antioxidant ability. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-012-0174-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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85
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Ability of Water-Soluble Biosubstances to Eliminate Hydroxyl and Superoxide Radicals Examined by Spin-Trapping ESR Measurements: Two-Dimensional Presentation of Antioxidative Ability. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2013; 77:324-31. [DOI: 10.1271/bbb.120749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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86
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Mesaros C, Arora JS, Wholer A, Vachani A, Blair IA. 8-Oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine as a biomarker of tobacco-smoking-induced oxidative stress. Free Radic Biol Med 2012; 53:610-7. [PMID: 22613262 PMCID: PMC4283839 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2011] [Revised: 04/02/2012] [Accepted: 04/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
7,8-Dihydro-8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dGuo) is a useful biomarker of oxidative stress. However, its analysis can be challenging because 8-oxo-dGuo must be quantified in the presence of dGuo, without artifactual conversion to 8-oxo-dGuo. Urine is the ideal biological fluid for population studies, because it can be obtained noninvasively and it is less likely that artifactual oxidation of dGuo can occur because of the relatively low amounts that are present compared with hydrolyzed DNA. Stable isotope dilution liquid chromatography-selected reaction monitoring/mass spectrometry (LC-SRM/MS) with 8-oxo-[(15)N(5)]dGuo as internal standard provided the highest possible specificity for 8-oxo-dGuo analysis. Furthermore, artifact formation was determined by addition of [(13)C(10)(15)N(5)]dGuo and monitoring of its conversion to 8-oxo-[(13)C(10)(15)N(5)]dGuo during the analytical procedure. 8-Oxo-dGuo concentrations were normalized for interindividual differences in urine flow by analysis of creatinine using stable isotope dilution LC-SRM/MS. A significant increase in urinary 8-oxo-dGuo was observed in tobacco smokers compared with nonsmokers either using simple urinary concentrations or after normalization for creatinine excretion. The mean levels of 8-oxo-dGuo were 1.65ng/ml and the levels normalized to creatinine were 1.72μg/g creatinine. Therefore, stable isotope dilution LC-SRM/MS analysis of urinary 8-oxo-dGuo complements urinary isoprostane (isoP) analysis for assessing tobacco-smoking-induced oxidative stress. This method will be particularly useful for studies that employ polyunsaturated fatty acids, in which a reduction in arachidonic acid precursor could confound isoP measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clementina Mesaros
- Centers for Cancer Pharmacology and Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6160, USA
| | - Jasbir S. Arora
- Centers for Cancer Pharmacology and Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6160, USA
| | - Ashley Wholer
- Centers for Cancer Pharmacology and Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6160, USA
| | - Anil Vachani
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6160, USA
| | - Ian A. Blair
- Centers for Cancer Pharmacology and Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6160, USA
- Corresponding author: Ian A. Blair, Center for Cancer Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 856 BRB II/III, 421 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6160. Tel: 215-573-9885. Fax: 215-573-9889.
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Postescu ID, Chereches G, Tatomir C, Daicoviciu D, Filip GA. Modulation of Doxorubicin-Induced Oxidative Stress by a Grape (Vitis viniferaL.) Seed Extract in Normal and Tumor Cells. J Med Food 2012; 15:639-45. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2011.0291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ion Dan Postescu
- Department of Radiobiology and Tumor Biology, “Prof. Dr. I. Chiricuta” Oncologic Institute, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Gabriela Chereches
- Department of Radiobiology and Tumor Biology, “Prof. Dr. I. Chiricuta” Oncologic Institute, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Corina Tatomir
- Department of Radiobiology and Tumor Biology, “Prof. Dr. I. Chiricuta” Oncologic Institute, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Doina Daicoviciu
- Department of Physiology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Gabriela Adriana Filip
- Department of Physiology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Hsu FL, Huang WJ, Wu TH, Lee MH, Chen LC, Lu HJ, Hou WC, Lin MH. Evaluation of antioxidant and free radical scavenging capacities of polyphenolics from pods of Caesalpinia pulcherrima. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:6073-6088. [PMID: 22754350 PMCID: PMC3382783 DOI: 10.3390/ijms13056073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2012] [Revised: 05/09/2012] [Accepted: 05/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Thirteen polyphenolics were isolated from fresh pods of Caesalpinia pulcherrima using various methods of column chromatography. The structures of these polyphenolics were elucidated as gallic acid (1), methyl gallate (2), 6-O-galloyl-d-glucoside (3), methyl 6-O-galloyl-β-d-glucoside (4), methyl 3,6-di-O-galloyl-α-d-glucopyranoside (5), gentisic acid 5-O-α-d-(6'-O-galloyl)glucopyranoside (6), guaiacylglycerol 4-O-β-d-(6'-O-galloyl)glucopyranoside (7), 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenol 1-O-β-d-(6'-O-galloyl) glucopyranoside (8), (+)-gallocatechin (9), (+)-catechin (10), (+)-gallocatechin 3-O-gallate (11), myricetin 3-rhamnoside (12), and ampelopsin (13). All isolated compounds were tested for their antioxidant activities in the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl, and peroxynitrite radicals scavenging assays. Among those compounds, 11, 12, and 2 exhibited the best DPPH-, hydroxyl-, and peroxynitrite radical-scavenging activities, respectively. Compound 7 is a new compound, and possesses better scavenging activities towards DPPH but has equivalent hydroxyl radical scavenging activity when compared to BHT. The paper is the first report on free radical scavenging properties of components of the fresh pods of Caesalpinia pulcherrima. The results obtained from the current study indicate that the free radical scavenging property of fresh pods of Caesalpinia pulcherrima may be one of the mechanisms by which this herbal medicine is effective in several free radical mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Lin Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing St., Taipei 11031, Taiwan; E-Mails: (F.-L.H.); (W.-J.H.); (M.-H.L.); (H.-J.L.); (W.-C.H.)
- Department of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University Hospital, 250 Wuxing St., Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Jan Huang
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing St., Taipei 11031, Taiwan; E-Mails: (F.-L.H.); (W.-J.H.); (M.-H.L.); (H.-J.L.); (W.-C.H.)
| | - Tzu-Hua Wu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing St., Taipei 11031, Taiwan; E-Mails: (T.-H.W.); (L.-C.C.)
| | - Mei-Hsien Lee
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing St., Taipei 11031, Taiwan; E-Mails: (F.-L.H.); (W.-J.H.); (M.-H.L.); (H.-J.L.); (W.-C.H.)
| | - Lih-Chi Chen
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing St., Taipei 11031, Taiwan; E-Mails: (T.-H.W.); (L.-C.C.)
- Department of Pharmacy, Taipei City Hospital, No.145, Zhengzhou Rd., Taipei 10341, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Jen Lu
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing St., Taipei 11031, Taiwan; E-Mails: (F.-L.H.); (W.-J.H.); (M.-H.L.); (H.-J.L.); (W.-C.H.)
| | - Wen-Chi Hou
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing St., Taipei 11031, Taiwan; E-Mails: (F.-L.H.); (W.-J.H.); (M.-H.L.); (H.-J.L.); (W.-C.H.)
| | - Mei-Hsiang Lin
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing St., Taipei 11031, Taiwan; E-Mails: (T.-H.W.); (L.-C.C.)
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Characteristics of the spin-trapping reaction of a free radical derived from AAPH: further development of the ORAC-ESR assay. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 403:1961-70. [PMID: 22543695 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-6021-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2012] [Revised: 04/02/2012] [Accepted: 04/03/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The characteristics of the spin-trapping reaction in the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC)-electron spin resonance (ESR) assay were examined, focusing on the kind of spin traps. 2,2-Azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH) was used as a free radical initiator. The spin adducts of the AAPH-derived free radical were assigned as those of the alkoxyl radical, RO· (R=H(2)N(HN)C-C(CH(3))(2)). Among the spin traps tested, 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO), 5,5-dimethyl-4-phenyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (4PDMPO), 5-(2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propoxycyclophosphoryl)-5-methyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (CYPMPO), and 5-diethoxyphosphoryl-5-methyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DEPMPO) were applicable to the ORAC-ESR assay. Optimal formation of spin-trapped radical adduct was observed with 1 mM AAPH, 10 mM spin trap, and 5 s UV irradiation. The calibration curve (the Stern-Volmer's plot) for each spin trap showed good linearity, and their slopes, k (SB)/k (ST), were estimated to be 87.7±2.3, 267±15, 228±9, and 213±16 for DMPO, 4PDMPO, CYPMPO, and DEPMPO, respectively. Though the k (SB)/k (ST) values for selected biosubstances varied with various spin traps, their ratios to Trolox (the relative ORAC values) were almost the same for all spin traps tested. The ORAC-ESR assay also had a very good reproducibility. The ORAC-ESR assay was conducted under stoichiometric experimental conditions. The present results demonstrate the superiority of the ORAC-ESR assay.
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90
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Ding LL, Zhang BF, Dou W, Yang L, Zhan CS, Wang ZT. Protective effect of Danning tablet on acute livery injury with cholestasis induced by α-naphthylisothiocyanate in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 140:222-229. [PMID: 22274634 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2011] [Revised: 11/14/2011] [Accepted: 12/16/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Danning tablet, as a composite prescription of traditional Chinese medicine, has been used clinically to relieve liver and gallbladder diseases in China. However, the mechanisms involved are still unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY The present investigation was designed to assess the effects and possible mechanisms of Danning tablet on α-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT)-induced liver injury with cholestasis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Danning tablet (3, 1.5 or 0.75g/kg body weight/day) was intragastrically (i.g.) given to experimental rats for seven days before they were treated with ANIT (60mg/kg daily via i.g.) which caused liver injury. Serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (γ-GTP), total bilirubin (T-Bil), direct bilirubin (D-Bil), total bile acid (TBA) and bile flow were measured to evaluate the protective effect of Danning tablet at 48h after ANIT treatment. Furthermore, protective mechanisms of Danning tablet against ANIT-induced liver injury were elucidated by assays of liver enzyme activities and component contents including myeloperoxidase (MPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (Gpx), catalase (CAT) and glutathione S-transferase (GST), as well as liver lipid peroxide (LPO) and glutathione (GSH). The biochemical observations were supplemented by histopathological examination. Phytochemical analysis of Danning tablet was performed by UPLC-MASS. RESULTS Obtained results demonstrated that high dose (3g/kg) of Danning tablet significantly prevented ANIT-induced changes in bile flow (P<0.01), and serum levels of ALT, AST, ALP, γ-GTP, T-Bil, D-Bil (P<0.01) and TBA (P<0.05). In addition, ANIT-induced increases in hepatic MPO, GST activities and GSH, LPO contents were significantly (P<0.01) reduced, while SOD, Gpx, CAT activities in the liver tissue which were suppressed by ANIT were significantly (P<0.01) elevated in the groups pretreated with Danning tablet at the dose of 3g/kg B.W. Histopathology of the liver tissue showed that pathological injuries were relieved after Danning tablet (3g/kg) pretreatment. The results also showed that medium dose (1.5g/kg) of Danning tablet exhibited partially protective effect on ANIT-induced liver injury with cholestasis by reversing part of biochemical parameters and histopathological changes. Low dose (0.75g/kg) of Danning tablet did not show any protective effect on ANIT-induced liver injury with cholestasis. Phytochemical analyses revealed the presence of anthraquinones, flavonoids and stilbene in the Danning tablet. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that Danning tablet exerts a dose-dependently protective effect on ANIT-induced liver injury with cholestasis in rats, and the possible mechanism of this activity is likely due to its attenuation of oxidative stress in the liver tissue and neutrophil infiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Li Ding
- Department of Pharmacognosy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 201009, China
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91
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Cisplatin effects on evolution of reactive oxygen species from single human bladder cancer cells investigated by scanning electrochemical microscopy. J Inorg Biochem 2012; 108:115-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2011.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2011] [Revised: 10/27/2011] [Accepted: 11/11/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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92
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93
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Zhang W, Luo Q, Wang X, Zhang D, Miao L, Xu J, Luo G, Shen J, Liu J. Engineering human seleno-glutaredoxin containing consecutive rare codons as an artificial glutathione peroxidase. CHINESE SCIENCE BULLETIN-CHINESE 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11434-011-4711-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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94
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L. Nicolson G, Settineri R, Ellithorpe R. Lipid Replacement Therapy with a Glycophospholipid Formulation with NADH and CoQ10 Significantly Reduces Fatigue in Intractable Chronic Fatiguing Illnesses and Chronic Lyme Disease Patients. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.4236/ijcm.2012.33034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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95
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ZHANG LINGZHI, WANG DENGLIANG, CHEN WEIXIN, TAN XINDONG, WANG PENGCHENG. IMPACT OF FERMENTATION DEGREE ON THE ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF PU-ERH TEA IN VITRO. J Food Biochem 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-4514.2010.00536.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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96
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Raghunath SA, Manjunatha Y, Rayappa K. Synthesis, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activities of some new indole analogues containing pyrimidine and fused pyrimidine systems. Med Chem Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-011-9915-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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97
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Routray W, Orsat V. Blueberries and Their Anthocyanins: Factors Affecting Biosynthesis and Properties. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1541-4337.2011.00164.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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98
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Zachara BA, Gromadzinska J, Palus J, Zbrog Z, Swiech R, Twardowska E, Wasowicz W. The effect of selenium supplementation in the prevention of DNA damage in white blood cells of hemodialyzed patients: a pilot study. Biol Trace Elem Res 2011; 142:274-83. [PMID: 20661660 PMCID: PMC3152706 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-010-8776-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2010] [Accepted: 07/11/2010] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have an increased incidence of cancer. It is well known that long periods of hemodialysis (HD) treatment are linked to DNA damage due to oxidative stress. In this study, we examined the effect of selenium (Se) supplementation to CKD patients on HD on the prevention of oxidative DNA damage in white blood cells. Blood samples were drawn from 42 CKD patients on HD (at the beginning of the study and after 1 and 3 months) and from 30 healthy controls. Twenty-two patients were supplemented with 200 μg Se (as Se-rich yeast) per day and 20 with placebo (baker's yeast) for 3 months. Se concentration in plasma and DNA damage in white blood cells expressed as the tail moment, including single-strand breaks (SSB) and oxidative bases lesion in DNA, using formamidopyrimidine glycosylase (FPG), were measured. Se concentration in patients was significantly lower than in healthy subjects (P < 0.0001) and increased significantly after 3 months of Se supplementation (P < 0.0001). Tail moment (SSB) in patients before the study was three times higher than in healthy subjects (P < 0.01). After 3 months of Se supplementation, it decreased significantly (P < 0.01) and was about 16% lower than in healthy subjects. The oxidative bases lesion in DNA (tail moment, FPG) of HD patients at the beginning of the study was significantly higher (P < 0.01) compared with controls, and 3 months after Se supplementation it was 2.6 times lower than in controls (P < 0.01). No changes in tail moment was observed in the placebo group. In conclusion, our study shows that in CKD patients on HD, DNA damage in white blood cells is higher than in healthy controls, and Se supplementation prevents the damage of DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bronislaw A Zachara
- Department of Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland.
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Agarwal A, Banerjee A, Banerjee UC. Xanthine oxidoreductase: a journey from purine metabolism to cardiovascular excitation-contraction coupling. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2011; 31:264-80. [PMID: 21774633 DOI: 10.3109/07388551.2010.527823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) is a ubiquitous complex cytosolic molybdoflavoprotein which controls the rate limiting step of purine catabolism by converting xanthine to uric acid. It is known that optimum concentrations of uric acid (UA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are necessary for normal functioning of the body. The ability of XOR to perform detoxification reactions, and to synthesize UA and reactive oxygen species (ROS) makes it a versatile intra- and extra-cellular protective "housekeeping enzyme". It is also an important component of the innate immune system. The enzyme is a target of drugs against gout and hyperuricemia and the protein is of major interest as it is associated with ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury, vascular disorders in diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, adipogenesis, metabolic syndrome, cancer, and many other disease conditions. Xanthine oxidoreductase in conjugation with antibodies has been shown to have an anti-tumor effect due to its ability to produce ROS, which in turn reduces the growth of cancer tissues. Apart from this, XOR in association with nitric oxide synthase also participates in myocardial excitation-contraction coupling. Although XOR was discovered over 100 years ago, its physiological and pathophysiological roles are still not clearly elucidated. In this review, various physiological and pathophysiological functional aspects of XOR and its association with various forms of cancer are discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Agarwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology (Biotechnology), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Punjab, India
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