101
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Mueller SN. Neural control of immune cell trafficking. J Exp Med 2022; 219:213032. [PMID: 35195682 PMCID: PMC8932541 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20211604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukocyte trafficking between blood and tissues is an essential function of the immune system that facilitates humoral and cellular immune responses. Within tissues, leukocytes perform surveillance and effector functions via cell motility and migration toward sites of tissue damage, infection, or inflammation. Neurotransmitters that are produced by the nervous system influence leukocyte trafficking around the body and the interstitial migration of immune cells in tissues. Neural regulation of leukocyte dynamics is influenced by circadian rhythms and altered by stress and disease. This review examines current knowledge of neuro–immune interactions that regulate leukocyte migration and consequences for protective immunity against infections and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott N Mueller
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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102
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Zhang Z, He K, Chi C, Hu Z, Tian J. Intraoperative fluorescence molecular imaging accelerates the coming of precision surgery in China. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2022; 49:2531-2543. [PMID: 35230491 PMCID: PMC9206608 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-022-05730-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Purpose China has the largest cancer population globally. Surgery is the main choice for most solid cancer patients. Intraoperative fluorescence molecular imaging (FMI) has shown its great potential in assisting surgeons in achieving precise resection. We summarized the typical applications of intraoperative FMI and several new trends to promote the development of precision surgery. Methods The academic database and NIH clinical trial platform were systematically evaluated. We focused on the clinical application of intraoperative FMI in China. Special emphasis was placed on a series of typical studies with new technologies or high-level evidence. The emerging strategy of combining FMI with other modalities was also discussed. Results The clinical applications of clinically approved indocyanine green (ICG), methylene blue (MB), or fluorescein are on the rise in different surgical departments. Intraoperative FMI has achieved precise lesion detection, sentinel lymph node mapping, and lymphangiography for many cancers. Nerve imaging is also exploring to reduce iatrogenic injuries. Through different administration routes, these fluorescent imaging agents provided encouraging results in surgical navigation. Meanwhile, designing new cancer-specific fluorescent tracers is expected to be a promising trend to further improve the surgical outcome. Conclusions Intraoperative FMI is in a rapid development in China. In-depth understanding of cancer-related molecular mechanisms is necessary to achieve precision surgery. Molecular-targeted fluorescent agents and multi-modal imaging techniques might play crucial roles in the era of precision surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, The State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kunshan He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, The State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Computer Science and Beijing Key Lab of Human-Computer Interaction, Institute of Software, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chongwei Chi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, The State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhenhua Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, The State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Jie Tian
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China. .,CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, The State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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103
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Goluba K, Kunrade L, Riekstina U, Parfejevs V. Schwann Cells in Digestive System Disorders. Cells 2022; 11:832. [PMID: 35269454 PMCID: PMC8908985 DOI: 10.3390/cells11050832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Proper functioning of the digestive system is ensured by coordinated action of the central and peripheral nervous systems (PNS). Peripheral innervation of the digestive system can be viewed as intrinsic and extrinsic. The intrinsic portion is mainly composed of the neurons and glia of the enteric nervous system (ENS), while the extrinsic part is formed by sympathetic, parasympathetic, and sensory branches of the PNS. Glial cells are a crucial component of digestive tract innervation, and a great deal of research evidence highlights the important status of ENS glia in health and disease. In this review, we shift the focus a bit and discuss the functions of Schwann cells (SCs), the glial cells of the extrinsic innervation of the digestive system. For more context, we also provide information on the basic findings regarding the function of innervation in disorders of the digestive organs. We find diverse SC roles described particularly in the mouth, the pancreas, and the intestine. We note that most of the scientific evidence concerns the involvement of SCs in cancer progression and pain, but some research identifies stem cell functions and potential for regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Vadims Parfejevs
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, House of Science, Jelgavas Str. 3, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia; (K.G.); (L.K.); (U.R.)
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104
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Intercellular Communication in the Brain through Tunneling Nanotubes. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14051207. [PMID: 35267518 PMCID: PMC8909287 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14051207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) are a means of cell communication which have been recently discovered. They allow the intercellular trafficking of many types of cellular compounds ranging from ions, such as Ca2+, to whole organelles such as mitochondria. TNTs are found in many tissues, both in physiological and pathological conditions. They are also found in the brain where they contribute to brain development and function and also to degenerative diseases and glioma. Abstract Intercellular communication is essential for tissue homeostasis and function. Understanding how cells interact with each other is paramount, as crosstalk between cells is often dysregulated in diseases and can contribute to their progression. Cells communicate with each other through several modalities, including paracrine secretion and specialized structures ensuring physical contact between them. Among these intercellular specialized structures, tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) are now recognized as a means of cell-to-cell communication through the exchange of cellular cargo, controlled by a variety of biological triggers, as described here. Intercellular communication is fundamental to brain function. It allows the dialogue between the many cells, including neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, glial cells, microglia, necessary for the proper development and function of the brain. We highlight here the role of TNTs in connecting these cells, for the physiological functioning of the brain and in pathologies such as stroke, neurodegenerative diseases, and gliomas. Understanding these processes could pave the way for future therapies.
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105
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Li D, Hu LN, Zheng SM, La T, Wei LY, Zhang XJ, Zhang ZH, Xing J, Wang L, Li RQ, Zhu Q, Thorne RF, Feng YC, Hondermarck H, Zhang XD, Li L, Gao JN. High nerve density in breast cancer is associated with poor patient outcome. FASEB Bioadv 2022; 4:391-401. [PMID: 35664834 PMCID: PMC9164247 DOI: 10.1096/fba.2021-00147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Li
- Department of Breast Surgery Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University and Shanxi Bethune Hospital Shanxi Academy of Medical Science Taiyuan Shanxi 030032 China
| | - Li Na Hu
- Department of Pathology Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University and Shanxi Bethune Hospital Shanxi Academy of Medical Science Taiyuan Shanxi 030032 China
| | - Si Min Zheng
- Department of Breast Surgery Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University and Shanxi Bethune Hospital Shanxi Academy of Medical Science Taiyuan Shanxi 030032 China
| | - Ting La
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy and Hunter Medical Research Institute The University of Newcastle NSW 2308 Australia
| | - Li Yuan Wei
- Department of Breast Surgery Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University and Shanxi Bethune Hospital Shanxi Academy of Medical Science Taiyuan Shanxi 030032 China
| | - Xiao Jun Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University and Shanxi Bethune Hospital Shanxi Academy of Medical Science Taiyuan Shanxi 030032 China
| | - Zhen Hua Zhang
- Department of Pathology Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University and Shanxi Bethune Hospital Shanxi Academy of Medical Science Taiyuan Shanxi 030032 China
| | - Jun Xing
- Department of Breast Surgery Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University and Shanxi Bethune Hospital Shanxi Academy of Medical Science Taiyuan Shanxi 030032 China
| | - Li Wang
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences Zhengzhou University Henan 450053 China
| | - Ruo Qi Li
- Department of Breast Surgery Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University and Shanxi Bethune Hospital Shanxi Academy of Medical Science Taiyuan Shanxi 030032 China
| | - Qin Zhu
- Department of Breast Surgery Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University and Shanxi Bethune Hospital Shanxi Academy of Medical Science Taiyuan Shanxi 030032 China
| | - Rick F. Thorne
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy and Hunter Medical Research Institute The University of Newcastle NSW 2308 Australia
- Translational Research Institute Henan Provincial People’s Hospital and People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University Academy of Medical Science Zhengzhou University Henan 450053 China
| | - Yu Chen Feng
- School of Medicine and Public Health and Hunter Medical Research Institute The University of Newcastle NSW 2308 Australia
| | - Hubert Hondermarck
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy and Hunter Medical Research Institute The University of Newcastle NSW 2308 Australia
| | - Xu Dong Zhang
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy and Hunter Medical Research Institute The University of Newcastle NSW 2308 Australia
- Translational Research Institute Henan Provincial People’s Hospital and People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University Academy of Medical Science Zhengzhou University Henan 450053 China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Pathology Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University and Shanxi Bethune Hospital Shanxi Academy of Medical Science Taiyuan Shanxi 030032 China
| | - Jin Nan Gao
- Department of Breast Surgery Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University and Shanxi Bethune Hospital Shanxi Academy of Medical Science Taiyuan Shanxi 030032 China
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106
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Shi Y, Luo J, Wang X, Zhang Y, Zhu H, Su D, Yu W, Tian J. Emerging Trends on the Correlation Between Neurotransmitters and Tumor Progression in the Last 20 Years: A Bibliometric Analysis via CiteSpace. Front Oncol 2022; 12:800499. [PMID: 35280754 PMCID: PMC8907850 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.800499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bibliometric analysis is used to gain a systematic understanding of developments in the correlation between neurotransmitters and tumor progression in research hotspots over the past 20 years. Methods Relevant publications from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) were downloaded on August 1, 2021. Acquired data were then analyzed using the Online Analysis Platform of Literature Metrology (http://biblimetric.com) and the CiteSpace software to analyze and predict trends and hot spots in this field. Results A total of 1310 publications on neurotransmitters and tumor progression were identified, and 1285 qualified records were included in the final analysis. The country leading the research was the United States of America. The University of Buenos Aires featured the highest number of publications among all institutions. Co-citation cluster labels revealed the characteristics of 10 main clusters: beta-adrenergic receptors (β-AR), glutamate, neurotransmitters, serotonin, drd2, histamine, glycine, interleukin-2, neurokinin receptor-1, and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (AchRs). Keywords and references burst detection indicated that apart from β-AR, dopamine receptor and cancer types like gastric cancer and glioblastoma are the newly emerging research hotspots. Conclusions This study analyzed 1285 publications and 39677 references covering the topic of neurotransmitters and tumor progression and showed that while β-AR has always been a hot topic in this field, dopamine receptor is an emerging target for this research field, and gastric cancer and glioblastoma are the top two tumors that have garnered increasing attention and have become the focal point of recent studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Weifeng Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Tian
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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107
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Schwann Cells in the Tumor Microenvironment: Need More Attention. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:1058667. [PMID: 35186076 PMCID: PMC8853772 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1058667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME), which is composed of various cell components and signaling molecules, plays an important role in the occurrence and progression of tumors and has become the central issue of current cancer research. In recent years, as a part of the TME, the peripheral nervous system (PNS) has attracted increasing attention. Moreover, emerging evidence shows that Schwann cells (SCs), which are the most important glial cells in the PNS, are not simply spectators in the TME. In this review article, we focused on the up-to-date research progress on SCs in the TME and introduced our point of view. In detail, we described that under two main tumor-nerve interaction patterns, perineural invasion (PNI) and tumor innervation, SCs were reprogrammed and acted as important participants. We also investigated the newest mechanisms between the interactions of SCs and tumor cells. In addition, SCs can have profound impacts on other cellular components in the TME, such as immune cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), involving immune regulation, tumor-related pain, and nerve remodeling. Overall, these innovative statements can expand the scope of the TME, help fully understand the significant role of SCs in the tumor-nerve-immune axis, and propose enlightenments to innovate antitumor therapeutic methods and future research.
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108
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Shi DD, Guo JA, Hoffman HI, Su J, Mino-Kenudson M, Barth JL, Schenkel JM, Loeffler JS, Shih HA, Hong TS, Wo JY, Aguirre AJ, Jacks T, Zheng L, Wen PY, Wang TC, Hwang WL. Therapeutic avenues for cancer neuroscience: translational frontiers and clinical opportunities. Lancet Oncol 2022; 23:e62-e74. [PMID: 35114133 PMCID: PMC9516432 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(21)00596-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
With increasing attention on the essential roles of the tumour microenvironment in recent years, the nervous system has emerged as a novel and crucial facilitator of cancer growth. In this Review, we describe the foundational, translational, and clinical advances illustrating how nerves contribute to tumour proliferation, stress adaptation, immunomodulation, metastasis, electrical hyperactivity and seizures, and neuropathic pain. Collectively, this expanding knowledge base reveals multiple therapeutic avenues for cancer neuroscience that warrant further exploration in clinical studies. We discuss the available clinical data, including ongoing trials investigating novel agents targeting the tumour-nerve axis, and the therapeutic potential for repurposing existing neuroactive drugs as an anti-cancer approach, particularly in combination with established treatment regimens. Lastly, we discuss the clinical challenges of these treatment strategies and highlight unanswered questions and future directions in the burgeoning field of cancer neuroscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana D Shi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jimmy A Guo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA; School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Biological and Biomedical Sciences Program, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hannah I Hoffman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Biology, Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer Su
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Biology, Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Mari Mino-Kenudson
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jaimie L Barth
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jason M Schenkel
- Department of Biology, Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jay S Loeffler
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Helen A Shih
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Theodore S Hong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer Y Wo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew J Aguirre
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tyler Jacks
- Department of Biology, Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Lei Zheng
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Patrick Y Wen
- Center for Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Timothy C Wang
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - William L Hwang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Biology, Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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109
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Bizzozero L, Pergolizzi M, Pascal D, Maldi E, Villari G, Erriquez J, Volante M, Serini G, Marchiò C, Bussolino F, Arese M. Tumoral Neuroligin 1 Promotes Cancer-Nerve Interactions and Synergizes with the Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor. Cells 2022; 11:280. [PMID: 35053395 PMCID: PMC8774081 DOI: 10.3390/cells11020280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Many nervous proteins are expressed in cancer cells. In this report, we asked whether the synaptic protein neuroligin 1 (NLGN1) was expressed by prostatic and pancreatic carcinomas; in addition, given the tendency of these tumors to interact with nerves, we asked whether NLGN1 played a role in this process. Through immunohistochemistry on human tissue microarrays, we showed that NLGN1 is expressed by prostatic and pancreatic cancer tissues in discrete stages and tumor districts. Next, we performed in vitro and in vivo assays, demonstrating that NLGN1 promotes cancer cell invasion and migration along nerves. Because of the established role of the neurotrophic factor glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) in tumor-nerve interactions, we assessed a potential NLGN1-GDNF cooperation. We found that blocking GDNF activity with a specific antibody completely inhibited NLGN1-induced in vitro cancer cell invasion of nerves. Finally, we demonstrated that, in the presence of NLGN1, GDNF markedly activates cofilin, a cytoskeletal regulatory protein, altering filopodia dynamics. In conclusion, our data further prove the existence of a molecular and functional cross-talk between the nervous system and cancer cells. NLGN1 was shown here to function along one of the most represented neurotrophic factors in the nerve microenvironment, possibly opening new therapeutic avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Bizzozero
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10060 Candiolo, Italy; (L.B.); (M.P.); (D.P.); (G.V.); (M.V.); (G.S.); (F.B.)
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo, Italy;
| | - Margherita Pergolizzi
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10060 Candiolo, Italy; (L.B.); (M.P.); (D.P.); (G.V.); (M.V.); (G.S.); (F.B.)
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo, Italy;
| | - Davide Pascal
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10060 Candiolo, Italy; (L.B.); (M.P.); (D.P.); (G.V.); (M.V.); (G.S.); (F.B.)
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo, Italy;
| | - Elena Maldi
- Pathology Unit, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo, Italy; (E.M.); (C.M.)
| | - Giulia Villari
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10060 Candiolo, Italy; (L.B.); (M.P.); (D.P.); (G.V.); (M.V.); (G.S.); (F.B.)
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo, Italy;
| | | | - Marco Volante
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10060 Candiolo, Italy; (L.B.); (M.P.); (D.P.); (G.V.); (M.V.); (G.S.); (F.B.)
| | - Guido Serini
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10060 Candiolo, Italy; (L.B.); (M.P.); (D.P.); (G.V.); (M.V.); (G.S.); (F.B.)
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo, Italy;
| | - Caterina Marchiò
- Pathology Unit, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo, Italy; (E.M.); (C.M.)
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy
| | - Federico Bussolino
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10060 Candiolo, Italy; (L.B.); (M.P.); (D.P.); (G.V.); (M.V.); (G.S.); (F.B.)
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo, Italy;
| | - Marco Arese
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10060 Candiolo, Italy; (L.B.); (M.P.); (D.P.); (G.V.); (M.V.); (G.S.); (F.B.)
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo, Italy;
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110
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Xie XP, Laks DR, Sun D, Ganbold M, Wang Z, Pedraza AM, Bale T, Tabar V, Brennan C, Zhou X, Parada LF. Quiescent human glioblastoma cancer stem cells drive tumor initiation, expansion, and recurrence following chemotherapy. Dev Cell 2022; 57:32-46.e8. [PMID: 35016005 PMCID: PMC8820651 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2021.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
We test the hypothesis that glioblastoma harbors quiescent cancer stem cells that evade anti-proliferative therapies. Functional characterization of spontaneous glioblastomas from genetically engineered mice reveals essential quiescent stem-like cells that can be directly isolated from tumors. A derived quiescent cancer-stem-cell-specific gene expression signature is enriched in pre-formed patient GBM xenograft single-cell clusters that lack proliferative gene expression. A refined human 118-gene signature is preserved in quiescent single-cell populations from primary and recurrent human glioblastomas. The F3 cell-surface receptor mRNA, expressed in the conserved signature, identifies quiescent tumor cells by antibody immunohistochemistry. F3-antibody-sorted glioblastoma cells exhibit stem cell gene expression, enhance self-renewal in culture, drive tumor initiation and serial transplantation, and reconstitute tumor heterogeneity. Upon chemotherapy, the spared cancer stem cell pool becomes activated and accelerates transition to proliferation. These results help explain conventional treatment failure and lay a conceptual framework for alternative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanhua P. Xie
- Brain Tumor Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA,Cancer Biology & Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA,These authors contributed equally,Correspondence: ,
| | - Dan R. Laks
- Brain Tumor Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA,Cancer Biology & Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA,These authors contributed equally,Present address: Voyager Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Daochun Sun
- Brain Tumor Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA,Cancer Biology & Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA,Present address: Medical College of Wisconsin, Wauwatosa, WI 53226, USA
| | - Mungunsarnai Ganbold
- Brain Tumor Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA,Cancer Biology & Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Zilai Wang
- Brain Tumor Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA,Cancer Biology & Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA,Present address: Chicago Biosolutions, Inc, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Alicia M. Pedraza
- Brain Tumor Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA,Cancer Biology & Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Tejus Bale
- Brain Tumor Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA,Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Viviane Tabar
- Brain Tumor Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA,Department of Neurosurgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Cameron Brennan
- Brain Tumor Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA,Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Xiuping Zhou
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu 221002, PR China
| | - Luis F. Parada
- Brain Tumor Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA,Cancer Biology & Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA,Department of Neurosurgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA,Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.,Lead Contact,Correspondence: ,
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111
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Lin Y, Liu J, Shi W. Interactive relationship between neuronal circuitry and glioma: A narrative review. GLIOMA 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/glioma.glioma_15_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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112
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Sprugnoli G, Rigolo L, Faria M, Juvekar P, Tie Y, Rossi S, Sverzellati N, Golby AJ, Santarnecchi E. Tumor BOLD connectivity profile correlates with glioma patients' survival. Neurooncol Adv 2022; 4:vdac153. [PMID: 36532508 PMCID: PMC9753902 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdac153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Presence of residual neurovascular activity within glioma lesions have been recently demonstrated via functional MRI (fMRI) along with active electrical synapses between glioma cells and healthy neurons that influence survival. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether gliomas demonstrate synchronized neurovascular activity with the rest of the brain, by measuring Blood Oxygen Level Dependent (BOLD) signal synchronization, that is, functional connectivity (FC), while also testing whether the strength of such connectivity might predict patients' overall survival (OS). METHODS Resting-state fMRI scans of patients who underwent pre-surgical brain mapping were analyzed (total sample, n = 54; newly diagnosed patients, n = 18; recurrent glioma group, n = 36). A seed-to-voxel analysis was conducted to estimate the FC signal profile of the tumor mass. A regression model was then built to investigate the potential correlation between tumor FC and individual OS. Finally, an unsupervised, cross-validated clustering analysis was performed including tumor FC and clinical OS predictors (e.g., Karnofsky Performance Status - KPS - score, tumor volume, and genetic profile) to verify the performance of tumor FC in predicting OS with respect to validated radiological, demographic, genetic and clinical prognostic factors. RESULTS In both newly diagnosed and recurrent glioma patients a significant pattern of BOLD synchronization between the solid tumor and distant brain regions was found. Crucially, glioma-brain FC positively correlated with variance in individual survival in both newly diagnosed glioma group (r = 0.90-0.96; P < .001; R 2 = 81-92%) and in the recurrent glioma group (r = 0.72; P < .001; R 2 = 52%), outperforming standard clinical, radiological and genetic predictors. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest glioma's synchronization with distant brain regions should be further explored as a possible diagnostic and prognostic biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Sprugnoli
- Precision Neuroscience & Neuromodulation Program and Network Control Laboratory, Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Radiology Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Image Guided Neurosurgery Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery and Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Laura Rigolo
- Image Guided Neurosurgery Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery and Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Meghan Faria
- Image Guided Neurosurgery Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery and Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Parikshit Juvekar
- Image Guided Neurosurgery Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery and Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yanmei Tie
- Image Guided Neurosurgery Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery and Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Simone Rossi
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Unit of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Siena Brain Investigation and Neuromodulation Lab (Si-BIN Lab), University of Siena, Italy
| | - Nicola Sverzellati
- Radiology Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Alexandra J Golby
- Alexandra J. Golby, MD, Image Guided Neurosurgery Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery and Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Neurosciences Center, 60 Fenwood Road, 1st Floor, Hale Building for Transformative Medicine, Boston, MA, 02115, USA ()
| | - Emiliano Santarnecchi
- Corresponding Authors: Emiliano Santarnecchi, PhD, PhD, Precision Neuroscience & Neuromodulation Program and Network Control Laboratory, Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA ()
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113
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Dai H, Lou S, Zhang Y, Thanawala M, Huang K, Ji L, Carden S, Liao T, Abbassi M, Shu CJ, Lantermann A, Sadaghiani M, Blom D, Wagner J, Huang P. Transcriptional neural-like signaling contributes to an immune-suppressive tumor microenvironment. FASEB Bioadv 2022; 4:76-89. [PMID: 35024574 PMCID: PMC8728105 DOI: 10.1096/fba.2021-00076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor innervation has recently been documented and characterized in various settings and tumor types. However, the role that nerves innervating tumors play in the pathogenesis of cancer has not been clarified. In this study, we searched for neural signaling from bulk RNA sequencing from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset and looked for patterns of interactions between different cell types within the tumor environment. Using a presynapse signature (PSS) as a probe, we showed that multiple stromal cell types crosstalk and/or contribute to neural signals. Based on the correlation and linear regression, we hypothesized that neural signals contribute to an immune-suppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). To test this hypothesis, we performed in vitro dorsal root ganglion (DRG)/macrophage coculture experiments. Compared to the M2 macrophage monoculture, the DRG/M2 macrophage coculture prevented anti-inflammatory M2 to pro-inflammatory M1 polarization by LPS stimulation. Finally, a survey of different TCGA tumor types indicated that higher RNA neural signature is predictive of poor patient outcomes in multiple tumor types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyue Dai
- Cygnal TherapeuticsCambridgeMassachusettsUSA
| | - Shan Lou
- Cygnal TherapeuticsCambridgeMassachusettsUSA
| | - Yanbo Zhang
- Cygnal TherapeuticsCambridgeMassachusettsUSA
| | | | | | - Lexiang Ji
- Cygnal TherapeuticsCambridgeMassachusettsUSA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Daniel Blom
- Cygnal TherapeuticsCambridgeMassachusettsUSA
| | - John Wagner
- Cygnal TherapeuticsCambridgeMassachusettsUSA
| | - Pearl Huang
- Cygnal TherapeuticsCambridgeMassachusettsUSA
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114
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Griffin CP, Paul CL, Alexander KL, Walker MM, Hondermarck H, Lynam J. Postmortem brain donations vs premortem surgical resections for glioblastoma research: viewing the matter as a whole. Neurooncol Adv 2022; 4:vdab168. [PMID: 35047819 PMCID: PMC8760897 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdab168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
There have been limited improvements in diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes of primary brain cancers, including glioblastoma, over the past 10 years. This is largely attributable to persistent deficits in understanding brain tumor biology and pathogenesis due to a lack of high-quality biological research specimens. Traditional, premortem, surgical biopsy samples do not allow full characterization of the spatial and temporal heterogeneity of glioblastoma, nor capture end-stage disease to allow full evaluation of the evolutionary and mutational processes that lead to treatment resistance and recurrence. Furthermore, the necessity of ensuring sufficient viable tissue is available for histopathological diagnosis, while minimizing surgically induced functional deficit, leaves minimal tissue for research purposes and results in formalin fixation of most surgical specimens. Postmortem brain donation programs are rapidly gaining support due to their unique ability to address the limitations associated with surgical tissue sampling. Collecting, processing, and preserving tissue samples intended solely for research provides both a spatial and temporal view of tumor heterogeneity as well as the opportunity to fully characterize end-stage disease from histological and molecular standpoints. This review explores the limitations of traditional sample collection and the opportunities afforded by postmortem brain donations for future neurobiological cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra P Griffin
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Cancer Biobank: NSW Regional Biospecimen and Research Services, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Cancer Research Alliance, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Christine L Paul
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Cancer Research Alliance, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- Priority Research Centre Cancer Research, Innovation and Translation, University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- Priority Research Centre Health Behaviour, University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kimberley L Alexander
- Neurosurgery Department, Chris O’Brien Lifehouse, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Brainstorm Brain Cancer Research, Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Neuropathology Department, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Marjorie M Walker
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Cancer Research Alliance, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Hubert Hondermarck
- Hunter Cancer Research Alliance, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - James Lynam
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Cancer Research Alliance, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
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115
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Tumor innervation is triggered by endoplasmic reticulum stress. Oncogene 2022; 41:586-599. [PMID: 34785777 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-02108-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Nerve infiltration in the tumor microenvironment is emerging as a promoter of cancer progression that could be targeted in therapies, but the mechanisms initiating tumor innervation remain to be elucidated. Here we report that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in cancer cells is transmitted to neuronal cells, resulting in neurite outgrowth and tumor innervation. In vitro, the induction of ER stress in various human cancer cells resulted in the synthesis and release of the precursor for brain-derived neurotrophic factor (proBDNF) through a mechanism dependent on the transcription factor X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1). Cancer cell-released proBDNF was found to mediate the transmission of ER stress to neurons, resulting in the stimulation of neurite outgrowth. Next-generation sequencing indicated the increased expression of the Egl-9 family hypoxia inducible factor 3 (EGLN3) that was mediated by c-MYC and necessary to neurite outgrowth induced by proBDNF. In orthotopic tumor xenograft, ER stress stimulated XBP1 and proBDNF expression as well as tumor innervation. Anti-proBDNF antibody inhibited both tumor innervation and cancer progression induced by ER stress. Interestingly, the chemotherapeutic drug 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) was found to induce ER stress and tumor innervation, and this effect was inhibited by anti-proBDNF antibody. Finally, in human tumors, cancer tissues with nerve infiltration expressed high XBP1 and proBDNF while EGLN3 was upregulated in infiltrated nerves. This study reveals that ER stress participates in tumor innervation through the release of proBDNF and that targeting this pathway could be used in future therapies.
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116
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Schledwitz A, Sundel MH, Alizadeh M, Hu S, Xie G, Raufman JP. Differential Actions of Muscarinic Receptor Subtypes in Gastric, Pancreatic, and Colon Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222313153. [PMID: 34884958 PMCID: PMC8658119 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222313153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancers arising from gastrointestinal epithelial cells are common, aggressive, and difficult to treat. Progress in this area resulted from recognizing that the biological behavior of these cancers is highly dependent on bioactive molecules released by neurocrine, paracrine, and autocrine mechanisms within the tumor microenvironment. For many decades after its discovery as a neurotransmitter, acetylcholine was thought to be synthesized and released uniquely from neurons and considered the sole physiological ligand for muscarinic receptor subtypes, which were believed to have similar or redundant actions. In the intervening years, we learned this former dogma is not tenable. (1) Acetylcholine is not produced and released only by neurons. The cellular machinery required to synthesize and release acetylcholine is present in immune, cancer, and other cells, as well as in lower organisms (e.g., bacteria) that inhabit the gut. (2) Acetylcholine is not the sole physiological activator of muscarinic receptors. For example, selected bile acids can modulate muscarinic receptor function. (3) Muscarinic receptor subtypes anticipated to have overlapping functions based on similar G protein coupling and downstream signaling may have unexpectedly diverse actions. Here, we review the relevant research findings supporting these conclusions and discuss how the complexity of muscarinic receptor biology impacts health and disease, focusing on their role in the initiation and progression of gastric, pancreatic, and colon cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa Schledwitz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (A.S.); (M.A.); (S.H.); (G.X.)
| | - Margaret H. Sundel
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA;
| | - Madeline Alizadeh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (A.S.); (M.A.); (S.H.); (G.X.)
- The Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Shien Hu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (A.S.); (M.A.); (S.H.); (G.X.)
- VA Maryland Healthcare System, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Guofeng Xie
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (A.S.); (M.A.); (S.H.); (G.X.)
- VA Maryland Healthcare System, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Jean-Pierre Raufman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (A.S.); (M.A.); (S.H.); (G.X.)
- VA Maryland Healthcare System, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-410-328-8728
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117
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Borniger JC. Cancer as a tool for preclinical psychoneuroimmunology. Brain Behav Immun Health 2021; 18:100351. [PMID: 34988496 PMCID: PMC8710415 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2021.100351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer represents a novel homeostatic challenge to the host system. How the brain senses and responds to changes in peripheral physiology elicited by tumor growth is a largely untapped area of research. This is especially relevant given the widespread prevalence of systemic problems that people with various types of cancer experience. These include disruptions in sleep/wake cycles, cognitive function, depression, and changes in appetite/food intake, among others. Critically, many of these problems are evident prior to diagnosis, indicating that their etiology is potentially distinct from the effects of cancer treatment or the stress of a cancer diagnosis. Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) is well equipped to tackle these types of problems, as it uses approaches from multiple disciplines to understand how specific stimuli (endogenous and environmental) are transduced into neural, endocrine, and immune signals that ultimately regulate health and behavior. In this article, I first provide a brief historical perspective of cancer and PNI, introduce the idea of cancer as a systemic homeostatic challenge, and provide examples from preclinical literature supporting this hypothesis. Given the rise of advanced tools in neuroscience (e.g., calcium imaging), we can now monitor and manipulate genetically defined neural circuits over the extended time scales necessary to disentangle distal communication between peripheral tumors and the brain.
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118
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Zhang G, Sun Y, Wu ZS, Huang X. Clinical Relevance and Prognostic Value of the Neuronal Protein Neuroligin 2 in Breast Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:630257. [PMID: 34804909 PMCID: PMC8595097 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.630257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroligin 2 (NLGN2) is a well-recognized transmembrane scaffolding protein that functions in synapse development and neuronal signal transduction. It has recently been implicated in multiple diseases of peripheral ectodermal origin. However, the potential roles of NLGN2 in tumors remain ill-defined. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical relevance and prognostic value of NLGN2 in breast cancer. To this end, breast cancer datasets were extracted from TCGA and other public databases, and subjected to Kaplan-Meier potter for survival analysis, GEPIA2 for assessing the immunological relevance of NLGN2 and THPA for identifying its subcellular localization. The in-silico results were further validated by immunohistochemistry analysis of in-house tumor tissue specimens. NLGN2 was identified as a prognostic factor in breast cancer subtypes, and its high expression correlated to a favorable survival outcome. Moreover, NLGN2 overexpression in breast cancer was significantly associated with large tumor size, lymph node metastasis, late TNM stage, and high histological grade. Interestingly, there was a significant correlation between the expression level of NLGN2 and the immunomodulatory molecules, along with increased interstitial infiltration of lymphocytes. Furthermore, NLGN2 was predominantly localized in the mitochondria of breast cancer cells. In conclusion, NLGN2 has a prognostic role and immunoregulatory potential in breast cancer, and its functions likely have a mitochondrial basis. It is a promising therapeutic target in breast cancer and should be explored further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zheng-sheng Wu
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xing Huang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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119
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March B, Lockhart KR, Faulkner S, Smolny M, Rush R, Hondermarck H. ELISA-based quantification of neurotrophic growth factors in urine from prostate cancer patients. FASEB Bioadv 2021; 3:888-896. [PMID: 34761171 PMCID: PMC8565200 DOI: 10.1096/fba.2021-00085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-invasive procedures are needed for prostate cancer management, and urine represents a potential source of new biomarkers with translational value. Recent evidence has shown that the growth of new nerves in the tumor microenvironment is essential to prostate cancer progression. Neurotrophic growth factors are expressed by prostate cancer cells and contribute to prostate tumor innervation, but their presence in urine is unclear. In the present study, we have assayed the concentration of neurotrophic factors in the urine of prostate cancer patients. Urine was collected from a prospective cohort of 45 men with prostate cancer versus 30 men without cancer and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to quantify nerve growth factor (NGF) and its precursor proNGF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and proBDNF, neurotrophin-3, neurotrophin-4/5, and glia-derived neurotrophic growth factor. The results show that neurotrophic factors are detectable in various concentrations in both cancer and healthy urine, but no significant difference was found. Also, no association was observed between neurotrophic factor concentrations and prostate cancer grade. This study is the first quantification of neurotrophins in urine, and although no significant differences were observed between prostate cancer patients versus those without prostate cancer, or between prostate cancers of various grades, the potential value of neurotrophins for prostate cancer diagnosis and prognosis warrants further investigations in larger patient cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brayden March
- School of Biomedical Sciences & PharmacyThe University of NewcastleCallaghanNSWAustralia
- Hunter Medical Research InstituteNew LambtonNSWAustralia
- School of Medicine & Public HealthThe University of NewcastleCallaghanNSWAustralia
- Department of UrologyJohn Hunter HospitalNew Lambton HeightsNSWAustralia
| | | | - Sam Faulkner
- School of Biomedical Sciences & PharmacyThe University of NewcastleCallaghanNSWAustralia
- Hunter Medical Research InstituteNew LambtonNSWAustralia
| | | | - Robert Rush
- Biosensis Pty LtdThebartonSAAustralia
- Department of Human PhysiologyFlinders UniversityAdelaideSAAustralia
| | - Hubert Hondermarck
- School of Biomedical Sciences & PharmacyThe University of NewcastleCallaghanNSWAustralia
- Hunter Medical Research InstituteNew LambtonNSWAustralia
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120
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Francis N, Borniger JC. Cancer as a homeostatic challenge: the role of the hypothalamus. Trends Neurosci 2021; 44:903-914. [PMID: 34561122 PMCID: PMC9901368 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2021.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The initiation, progression, and metastatic spread of cancer elicits diverse changes in systemic physiology. In this way, cancer represents a novel homeostatic challenge to the host system. Here, we discuss how the hypothalamus, a critical brain region involved in homeostasis senses, integrates and responds to cancer-induced changes in physiology. Through this lens, cancer-associated changes in behavior (e.g., sleep disruption) and physiology (e.g., glucocorticoid dysregulation) can be viewed as the result of an inability to re-establish homeostasis. We provide examples at each level (receptor sensing, integration of systemic signals, and efferent regulatory pathways) of how homeostatic organization becomes disrupted across different cancers. Finally, we lay out predictions of this hypothesis and highlight outstanding questions that aim to guide further work in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Francis
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, One Bungtown Rd., Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724
| | - Jeremy C Borniger
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, One Bungtown Rd., Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724,Correspondence:
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121
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Hondermarck H, Huang PS, Wagner JA. The nervous system: Orchestra conductor in cancer, regeneration, inflammation and immunity. FASEB Bioadv 2021; 3:944-952. [PMID: 34761176 PMCID: PMC8565231 DOI: 10.1096/fba.2021-00080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the role of nerves in stimulating cellular growth and dissemination has long been described in tissue regeneration studies, until recently a similar trophic role of nerves in disease was not well recognized. However, recent studies in oncology have demonstrated that the growth and dissemination of cancers also requires the infiltration of nerves in the tumor microenvironment. Nerves generate various neurosignaling pathways, which orchestrate cancer initiation, progression, and metastases. Similarly, nerves are increasingly implicated for their regulatory functions in immunity and inflammation. This orchestrator role of nerves in cellular and molecular interactions during regeneration, cancer, immunity, and inflammation offers new possibilities for targeting or enhancing neurosignaling in human health and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hubert Hondermarck
- School of Biomedical Sciences and PharmacyHunter Medical Research Institute, University of NewcastleCallaghanNew South WalesAustralia
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122
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Abstract
Modeling of metastatic disease in animal models is a critical resource to study the complexity of this multi-step process in a relevant system. Available models of metastatic disease to the brain are still far from ideal but they allow to address specific aspects of the biology or mimic clinically relevant scenarios. We not only review experimental models and their potential improvements but also discuss specific answers that could be obtained from them on unsolved aspects of clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauritz Miarka
- Brain Metastasis Group, Molecular Oncology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Valiente
- Brain Metastasis Group, Molecular Oncology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
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123
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Logotheti S, Richter C, Murr N, Spitschak A, Marquardt S, Pützer BM. Mechanisms of Functional Pleiotropy of p73 in Cancer and Beyond. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:737735. [PMID: 34650986 PMCID: PMC8506118 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.737735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor p73 is a structural and functional homolog of TP53, the most famous and frequently mutated tumor-suppressor gene. The TP73 gene can synthesize an overwhelming number of isoforms via splicing events in 5′ and 3′ ends and alternative promoter usage. Although it originally came into the spotlight due to the potential of several of these isoforms to mimic p53 functions, it is now clear that TP73 has its own unique identity as a master regulator of multifaceted processes in embryonic development, tissue homeostasis, and cancer. This remarkable functional pleiotropy is supported by a high degree of mechanistic heterogeneity, which extends far-beyond the typical mode of action by transactivation and largely relies on the ability of p73 isoforms to form protein–protein interactions (PPIs) with a variety of nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins. Importantly, each p73 isoform carries a unique combination of functional domains and residues that facilitates the establishment of PPIs in a highly selective manner. Herein, we summarize the expanding functional repertoire of TP73 in physiological and oncogenic processes. We emphasize how TP73’s ability to control neurodevelopment and neurodifferentiation is co-opted in cancer cells toward neoneurogenesis, an emerging cancer hallmark, whereby tumors promote their own innervation. By further exploring the canonical and non-canonical mechanistic patterns of p73, we apprehend its functional diversity as the result of a sophisticated and coordinated interplay of: (a) the type of p73 isoforms (b) the presence of p73 interaction partners in the cell milieu, and (c) the architecture of target gene promoters. We suppose that dysregulation of one or more of these parameters in tumors may lead to cancer initiation and progression by reactivating p73 isoforms and/or p73-regulated differentiation programs thereof in a spatiotemporally inappropriate manner. A thorough understanding of the mechanisms supporting p73 functional diversity is of paramount importance for the efficient and precise p73 targeting not only in cancer, but also in other pathological conditions where TP73 dysregulation is causally involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Logotheti
- Institute of Experimental Gene Therapy and Cancer Research, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Christin Richter
- Institute of Experimental Gene Therapy and Cancer Research, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Nico Murr
- Institute of Experimental Gene Therapy and Cancer Research, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Alf Spitschak
- Institute of Experimental Gene Therapy and Cancer Research, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Stephan Marquardt
- Institute of Experimental Gene Therapy and Cancer Research, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Brigitte M Pützer
- Institute of Experimental Gene Therapy and Cancer Research, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany.,Department Life, Light & Matter, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
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124
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Schmitd LB, Perez‐Pacheco C, D'Silva NJ. Nerve density in cancer: Less is better. FASEB Bioadv 2021; 3:773-786. [PMID: 34632313 PMCID: PMC8493966 DOI: 10.1096/fba.2021-00046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The density of nerves in cancer is emerging as a relevant clinical parameter for patient survival. Nerves in the tumor microenvironment have been associated with poor survival and recurrence, particularly if involved in perineural invasion. However, usually only a few nerves inside a tumor are affected by perineural invasion, while most nerves are not. Mechanistic studies have shown nerve-secreted factors promote tumor growth and invasion thereby making tumors more aggressive. Therefore, the overall number of nerves in the tumor microenvironment should be more representative of the nerve-tumor biological interaction than perineural invasion. This review summarizes the available clinical information about nerve density as a measure of clinical outcome in cancer and explores the mechanisms underlying nerve density in cancer, specifically, neurogenesis, axonogenesis, and neurotropism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ligia B. Schmitd
- Department of Periodontics and Oral MedicineUniversity of Michigan School of DentistryAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Cindy Perez‐Pacheco
- Department of Periodontics and Oral MedicineUniversity of Michigan School of DentistryAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Nisha J. D'Silva
- Department of Periodontics and Oral MedicineUniversity of Michigan School of DentistryAnn ArborMIUSA
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMIUSA
- Rogel Cancer CenterUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
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125
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Godin SK, Wagner J, Huang P, Bree D. The role of peripheral nerve signaling in endometriosis. FASEB Bioadv 2021; 3:802-813. [PMID: 34632315 PMCID: PMC8493968 DOI: 10.1096/fba.2021-00063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
A hallmark of endometriosis - a chronic debilitating condition whose causes are poorly understood - is neuronal innervation of lesions. Recent evidence demonstrates that the peripheral nervous system plays an important role in the pathophysiology of this disease. Sensory nerves, which surround and innervate endometriotic lesions, not only drive the chronic and debilitating pain associated with endometriosis but also contribute to a pro-growth phenotype by secreting neurotrophic factors and interacting with surrounding immune cells. The diverse array of contributions that neurons play in endometriosis indicate that it should be considered as a nerve-centric disease. This review is focused on the emerging field of exoneural biology and how it applies to the field of endometriosis, in particular the role that peripheral nerves play in driving and maintaining endometriotic lesions. A better understanding of the mechanisms of neuronal contribution to endometriosis, as well as their interactions with accompanying stromal and immune cells, will unearth novel disease-relevant pathways and targets, providing additional, more selective therapeutic horizons.
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Pan S, Yin K, Tang Z, Wang S, Chen Z, Wang Y, Zhu H, Han Y, Liu M, Jiang M, Xu N, Zhang G. Stimulation of hypothalamic oxytocin neurons suppresses colorectal cancer progression in mice. eLife 2021; 10:e67535. [PMID: 34528509 PMCID: PMC8536257 DOI: 10.7554/elife.67535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that the nervous system is involved in tumor development in the periphery, however, the role of the central nervous system remains largely unknown. Here, by combining genetic, chemogenetic, pharmacological, and electrophysiological approaches, we show that hypothalamic oxytocin (Oxt)-producing neurons modulate colitis-associated cancer (CAC) progression in mice. Depletion or activation of Oxt neurons could augment or suppress CAC progression. Importantly, brain treatment with celastrol, a pentacyclic triterpenoid, excites Oxt neurons and inhibits CAC progression, and this anti-tumor effect was significantly attenuated in Oxt neuron-lesioned mice. Furthermore, brain treatment with celastrol suppresses sympathetic neuronal activity in the celiac-superior mesenteric ganglion (CG-SMG), and activation of β2 adrenergic receptor abolishes the anti-tumor effect of Oxt neuron activation or centrally administered celastrol. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that hypothalamic Oxt neurons regulate CAC progression by modulating the neuronal activity in the CG-SMG. Stimulation of Oxt neurons using chemicals, for example, celastrol, might be a novel strategy for colorectal cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susu Pan
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical CollegeWuhanChina
- Institute for Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Kaili Yin
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical CollegeWuhanChina
- Institute for Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Zhiwei Tang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Shuren Wang
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical CollegeWuhanChina
- Institute for Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Yirong Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Hongxia Zhu
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Yunyun Han
- Institute for Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Mei Liu
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Man Jiang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Ningzhi Xu
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Guo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical CollegeWuhanChina
- Institute for Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
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A Preclinical Pipeline for Translational Precision Medicine-Experiences from a Transdisciplinary Brain Tumor Stem Cell Project. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11090892. [PMID: 34575669 PMCID: PMC8472761 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11090892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficient transdisciplinary cooperation promotes the rapid discovery and clinical application of new technologies, especially in the competitive sector of oncology. In this review, written from a clinical-scientist point of view, we used glioblastoma—the most common and most aggressive primary brain tumor as a model disease with a largely unmet clinical need, despite decades of intensive research—to promote transdisciplinary medicine. Glioblastoma stem-like cells (GSCs), a special tumoral cell population analogue to healthy stem cells, are considered largely responsible for the progression of the disease and the mediation of therapy resistance. The presented work followed the concept of translational science, which generates the theoretical backbones of translational research projects, and aimed to close the preclinical gap between basic research and clinical application. Thus, this generated an integrated translational precision medicine pipeline model based on recent theoretical and experimental publications, which supports the accelerated discovery and development of new paths in the treatment of GSCs. The work may be of interest to the general field of precision medicine beyond the field of neuro-oncology such as in Cancer Neuroscience.
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128
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Djamgoz MB, Levin M. Bioelectricity Is the Bridge Where Cancer Meets Neuroscience. Bioelectricity 2021. [DOI: 10.1089/bioe.2021.0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael Levin
- Allen Discovery Center, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, USA
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Sprugnoli G, Rossi S, Rotenberg A, Pascual-Leone A, El-Fakhri G, Golby AJ, Santarnecchi E. Personalised, image-guided, noninvasive brain stimulation in gliomas: Rationale, challenges and opportunities. EBioMedicine 2021; 70:103514. [PMID: 34391090 PMCID: PMC8365310 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant brain tumours are among the most aggressive human cancers, and despite intensive efforts made over the last decades, patients’ survival has scarcely improved. Recently, high-grade gliomas (HGG) have been found to be electrically integrated with healthy brain tissue, a communication that facilitates tumour mitosis and invasion. This link to neuronal activity has provided new insights into HGG pathophysiology and opened prospects for therapeutic interventions based on electrical modulation of neural and synaptic activity in the proximity of tumour cells, which could potentially slow tumour growth. Noninvasive brain stimulation (NiBS), a group of techniques used in research and clinical settings to safely modulate brain activity and plasticity via electromagnetic or electrical stimulation, represents an appealing class of interventions to characterise and target the electrical properties of tumour-neuron interactions. Beyond neuronal activity, NiBS may also modulate function of a range of substrates and dynamics that locally interacts with HGG (e.g., vascular architecture, perfusion and blood-brain barrier permeability). Here we discuss emerging applications of NiBS in patients with brain tumours, covering potential mechanisms of action at both cellular, regional, network and whole-brain levels, also offering a conceptual roadmap for future research to prolong survival or promote wellbeing via personalised NiBS interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Sprugnoli
- Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Radiology Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy; Image Guided Neurosurgery laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery and Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Brain investigation and Neuromodulation Laboratory (Si-BIN Lab), Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Unit, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Simone Rossi
- Brain investigation and Neuromodulation Laboratory (Si-BIN Lab), Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Unit, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Alexander Rotenberg
- Department of Neurology and Division of Epilepsy and Clinical Neurophysiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alvaro Pascual-Leone
- Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research and Center for Memory Health, Hebrew Senior Life, Boston, MA, USA; Guttmann Brain Health Institute, Institut Guttmann, Universitat Autonoma, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Georges El-Fakhri
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alexandra J Golby
- Image Guided Neurosurgery laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery and Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Emiliano Santarnecchi
- Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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130
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Liang Y, Li H, Gan Y, Tu H. Shedding Light on the Role of Neurotransmitters in the Microenvironment of Pancreatic Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:688953. [PMID: 34395421 PMCID: PMC8363299 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.688953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a highly lethal malignancy with a 5-year survival rate of less than 8%. The fate of PC is determined not only by the malignant behavior of the cancer cells, but also by the surrounding tumor microenvironment (TME), consisting of various cellular (cancer cells, immune cells, stromal cells, endothelial cells, and neurons) and non-cellular (cytokines, neurotransmitters, and extracellular matrix) components. The pancreatic TME has the unique characteristic of exhibiting increased neural density and altered microenvironmental concentration of neurotransmitters. The neurotransmitters, produced by both neuron and non-neuronal cells, can directly regulate the biological behavior of PC cells via binding to their corresponding receptors on tumor cells and activating the intracellular downstream signals. On the other hand, the neurotransmitters can also communicate with other cellular components such as the immune cells in the TME to promote cancer growth. In this review, we will summarize the pleiotropic effects of neurotransmitters on the initiation and progression of PC, and particularly discuss the emerging mechanisms of how neurotransmitters influence the innate and adaptive immune responses in the TME in an autocrine or paracrine manner. A better understanding of the interplay between neurotransmitters and the immune cells in the TME might facilitate the development of new effective therapies for PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyi Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huimin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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131
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth A White
- Department of Medicine, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, 1130 St. Nicholas Avenue, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Timothy C Wang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, 1130 St. Nicholas Avenue, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
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132
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Hou Y, Liang HL, Yu X, Liu Z, Cao X, Rao E, Huang X, Wang L, Li L, Bugno J, Fu Y, Chmura SJ, Wu W, Luo SZ, Zheng W, Arina A, Jutzy J, McCall AR, Vokes EE, Pitroda SP, Fu YX, Weichselbaum RR. Radiotherapy and immunotherapy converge on elimination of tumor-promoting erythroid progenitor cells through adaptive immunity. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:13/582/eabb0130. [PMID: 33627484 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abb0130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tumor-induced CD45-Ter119+CD71+ erythroid progenitor cells, termed "Ter cells," promote tumor progression by secreting artemin (ARTN), a neurotrophic peptide that activates REarranged during Transfection (RET) signaling. We demonstrate that both local tumor ionizing radiation (IR) and anti-programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) treatment decreased tumor-induced Ter cell abundance in the mouse spleen and ARTN secretion outside the irradiation field in an interferon- and CD8+ T cell-dependent manner. Recombinant erythropoietin promoted resistance to radiotherapy or anti-PD-L1 therapies by restoring Ter cell numbers and serum ARTN concentration. Blockade of ARTN or potential ARTN signaling partners, or depletion of Ter cells augmented the antitumor effects of both IR and anti-PD-L1 therapies in mice. Analysis of samples from patients who received radioimmunotherapy demonstrated that IR-mediated reduction of Ter cells, ARTN, and GFRα3, an ARTN signaling partner, were each associated with tumor regression. Patients with melanoma who received immunotherapy exhibited favorable outcomes associated with decreased expression of GFRα3. These findings demonstrate an out-of-field, or "abscopal," effect mediated by adaptive immunity, which is induced during local tumor irradiation. This effect, in turn, governs the therapeutic effects of radiation and immunotherapy. Therefore, our results identify multiple targets to potentially improve outcomes after radiotherapy and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhu Hou
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, ShaanXi 710061, China. .,Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - Hua L Liang
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - Xinshuang Yu
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
| | - Zhida Liu
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwest Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA
| | - Xuezhi Cao
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwest Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA
| | - Enyu Rao
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Xiaona Huang
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - Liangliang Wang
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - Lei Li
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - Jason Bugno
- Committee on Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Yanbin Fu
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - Steven J Chmura
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - Wenjun Wu
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | - Sean Z Luo
- Whitney Young High School, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Wenxin Zheng
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - Ainhoa Arina
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - Jessica Jutzy
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - Anne R McCall
- Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Everett E Vokes
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Sean P Pitroda
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - Yang-Xin Fu
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwest Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA.
| | - Ralph R Weichselbaum
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
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133
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Li Z, Wang F, Li Y, Wang X, Lu Q, Wang D, Qi C, Li C, Li Z, Lian B, Tian G, Gao Z, Zhang B, Wu J. Combined anti-hepatocellular carcinoma therapy inhibit drug-resistance and metastasis via targeting "substance P-hepatic stellate cells-hepatocellular carcinoma" axis. Biomaterials 2021; 276:121003. [PMID: 34273686 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral nerves have emerged as the important components in tumor microenvironment (TME), which could activate hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) by secreting substance P (SP), leading to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) invasion and metastasis. Herein, we proposed a novel anti-HCC concept of blocking "SP-HSCs-HCC" axis for omnidirectional inhibition of HCC development. To pursue this aim, the novel CAP/GA-sHA-DOX NPs were developed for targeted co-delivery of capsaicin (CAP) and doxorubicin (DOX) using glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) modified sulfated-HA (sHA) as nanocarriers. Among that, CAP could inhibit the activation of HSCs as an inhibitor of SP. Notably, to real mimic "SP-HSCs-HCC" axis for in vitro and in vivo evaluation, both "SP + LX-2+BEL-7402" co-cultured cell model and "SP + m-HSC + H22" co-implantation mice model were attempted for the first time. Furthermore, in vivo anti-HCC effects were performed in three different tumor-bearing models: subcutaneous implantation of H22 or "SP + m-HSC + H22", intravenous injection of H22 for lung metastasis, and orthotopic implantation of H22 for primary HCC. Our results showed that CAP/GA-sHA-DOX NPs could be efficiently taken up by tumor cells and activated HSCs (aHSCs) simultaneously, and effectively inhibit tumor drug-resistance and migration by blocking SP-induced HSCs activation. In addition, CAP/GA-sHA-DOX NPs exhibited low ECM deposition, less tumor angiogenesis, and superior in vivo anti-HCC effects. The anti-HCC mechanisms revealed that CAP/GA-sHA-DOX NPs could down-regulate the expression level of Vimentin and P-gp, reverse epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of tumor cells. In brief, the nano-sized combination therapy based on GA-sHA-DOX polymers could effectively inhibit drug-resistance and metastasis of HCC by blocking "SP-HSCs-HCC" axis, which provides a promising approach for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Li
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, PR China
| | - Fangqing Wang
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, PR China
| | - Yanying Li
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, PR China
| | - Xiaoxue Wang
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, PR China
| | - Qiao Lu
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, PR China
| | - Di Wang
- School of Nursing, Weifang Medical University, PR China
| | - Cuiping Qi
- School of Nursing, Weifang Medical University, PR China
| | - Chenglei Li
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, PR China
| | - Zhaohuan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, PR China
| | - Bo Lian
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, PR China
| | - Guixiang Tian
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, PR China
| | - Zhiqin Gao
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, PR China.
| | - Bo Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, PR China.
| | - Jingliang Wu
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, PR China.
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134
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Klein WMP, O'Connell ME, Bloch MH, Czajkowski SM, Green PA, Han PKJ, Moser RP, Nebeling LC, Vanderpool RC. Behavioral Research in Cancer Prevention and Control: Emerging Challenges and Opportunities. J Natl Cancer Inst 2021; 114:179-186. [PMID: 34240206 PMCID: PMC8344826 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djab139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
It is estimated that behaviors such as poor diet, alcohol consumption, tobacco use, sedentary behavior, and excessive ultraviolet exposure account for nearly one-half of all cancer morbidity and mortality. Accordingly, the behavioral, social, and communication sciences have been important contributors to cancer prevention and control research, with methodological advances and implementation science helping to produce optimally effective interventions. To sustain these contributions, it is vital to adapt to the contemporary context. Efforts must consider ancillary effects of the 2019 coronavirus disease pandemic, profound changes in the information environment and public understanding of and trust in science, renewed attention to structural racism and social determinants of health, and the rapidly increasing population of cancer survivors. Within this context, it is essential to accelerate reductions in tobacco use across all population subgroups; consider new models of energy balance (diet, physical activity, sedentary behavior); increase awareness of alcohol as a risk factor for cancer; and identify better communication practices in the context of cancer-related decisions such as screening and genetic testing. Successful integration of behavioral research and cancer prevention depends on working globally and seamlessly across disciplines, taking a multilevel approach where possible. Methodological and analytic approaches should be emphasized in research training programs and should use new and underused data sources and technologies. As the leadership core of the National Cancer Institute’s Behavioral Research Program, we reflect on these challenges and opportunities and consider implications for the next phase of behavioral research in cancer prevention and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- William M P Klein
- Associate Director, Behavioral Research Program, National Cancer Institute
| | - Mary E O'Connell
- Scientific Program Manager, Behavioral Research Program, National Cancer Institute
| | - Michele H Bloch
- Chief, Tobacco Control Research Branch, National Cancer Institute
| | | | - Paige A Green
- Chief, Basic Biobehavioral/Psychological Sciences Research Branch, National Cancer Institute
| | - Paul K J Han
- Senior Scientist, Behavioral Research Program, National Cancer Institute
| | - Richard P Moser
- Training Director and Research Methods Coordinator, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute
| | - Linda C Nebeling
- Deputy Associate Director, Behavioral Research Program, National Cancer Institute
| | - Robin C Vanderpool
- Chief, Health Communication and Informatics Research Branch, National Cancer Institute
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135
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Abstract
We have discovered that the ventrolateral medulla (VLM) catecholaminergic (CA) neurons, a group of neurons that control mouse stress response, are activated in tumor-bearing mice, and the neuronal activity promotes tumor growth in multiple syngeneic and spontaneous mouse tumor models. The tumor-promoting effect of these VLM CA neurons is mediated by cytotoxic T cells. These findings establish an interaction between a tumor and a group of neurons in the mouse brain that influences tumorigenesis and tumor growth by modulating adaptive immunity. It is known that tumor growth can be influenced by the nervous system. It is not known, however, if tumors communicate directly with the central nervous system (CNS) or if such interactions may impact tumor growth. Here, we report that ventrolateral medulla (VLM) catecholaminergic (CA) neurons in the mouse brain are activated in tumor-bearing mice and the activity of these neurons significantly alter tumor growth in multiple syngeneic and spontaneous mouse tumor models. Specific ablation of VLM CA neurons by a dopamine-β-hydroxylase (DBH) promotor-activated apoptosis-promoting caspase-3 in Dbh-Cre mice as well as inhibition of these neurons by a chemogenetic method slowed tumor progression. Consistently, chemogenetic activation of VLM CA neurons promoted tumor growth. The tumor inhibition effect of VLM CA neuron ablation is mitigated in Dbh-Cre;Rag1−/− mice, indicating that this regulatory effect is mediated by the adaptive immune system. Specific depletion of CD8+ T cells using an anti-CD8+ antibody also mitigated the tumor suppression resulting from the VLM CA neuron ablation. Finally, we showed that the VLM CA neuronal ablation had an additive antitumor effect with paclitaxel treatment. Collectively, our study uncovered the role of VLM CA neurons in the mouse brain in controlling tumor growth in the mouse body.
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136
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He C, Xu K, Zhu X, Dunphy PS, Gudenas B, Lin W, Twarog N, Hover LD, Kwon CH, Kasper LH, Zhang J, Li X, Dalton J, Jonchere B, Mercer KS, Currier DG, Caufield W, Wang Y, Xie J, Broniscer A, Wetmore C, Upadhyaya SA, Qaddoumi I, Klimo P, Boop F, Gajjar A, Zhang J, Orr BA, Robinson GW, Monje M, Freeman Iii BB, Roussel MF, Northcott PA, Chen T, Rankovic Z, Wu G, Chiang J, Tinkle CL, Shelat AA, Baker SJ. Patient-derived models recapitulate heterogeneity of molecular signatures and drug response in pediatric high-grade glioma. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4089. [PMID: 34215733 PMCID: PMC8253809 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24168-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Pediatric high-grade glioma (pHGG) is a major contributor to cancer-related death in children. In vitro and in vivo disease models reflecting the intimate connection between developmental context and pathogenesis of pHGG are essential to advance understanding and identify therapeutic vulnerabilities. Here we report establishment of 21 patient-derived pHGG orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) models and eight matched cell lines from diverse groups of pHGG. These models recapitulate histopathology, DNA methylation signatures, mutations and gene expression patterns of the patient tumors from which they were derived, and include rare subgroups not well-represented by existing models. We deploy 16 new and existing cell lines for high-throughput screening (HTS). In vitro HTS results predict variable in vivo response to PI3K/mTOR and MEK pathway inhibitors. These unique new models and an online interactive data portal for exploration of associated detailed molecular characterization and HTS chemical sensitivity data provide a rich resource for pediatric brain tumor research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen He
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Ke Xu
- Center for Applied Bioinformatics, Memphis, TN, USA
- Department of Computational Biology, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Xiaoyan Zhu
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Paige S Dunphy
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, Memphis, TN, USA
- Department of Oncology, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Brian Gudenas
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Wenwei Lin
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Nathaniel Twarog
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Laura D Hover
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, Memphis, TN, USA
| | | | | | - Junyuan Zhang
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Department of Pathology, Memphis, TN, USA
| | | | | | | | - Duane G Currier
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - William Caufield
- Preclinical Pharmacokinetics Shared Resource St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Yingzhe Wang
- Preclinical Pharmacokinetics Shared Resource St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Jia Xie
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Alberto Broniscer
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Paul Klimo
- Department of Surgery, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Frederick Boop
- Department of Surgery, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | | | - Jinghui Zhang
- Department of Computational Biology, Memphis, TN, USA
| | | | | | - Michelle Monje
- Department of Neurology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Burgess B Freeman Iii
- Preclinical Pharmacokinetics Shared Resource St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | | | | | - Taosheng Chen
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Zoran Rankovic
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Gang Wu
- Center for Applied Bioinformatics, Memphis, TN, USA
- Department of Computational Biology, Memphis, TN, USA
| | | | - Christopher L Tinkle
- Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
| | - Anang A Shelat
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, Memphis, TN, USA.
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Sigorski D, Gulczyński J, Sejda A, Rogowski W, Iżycka-Świeszewska E. Investigation of Neural Microenvironment in Prostate Cancer in Context of Neural Density, Perineural Invasion, and Neuroendocrine Profile of Tumors. Front Oncol 2021; 11:710899. [PMID: 34277455 PMCID: PMC8281889 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.710899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer stroma contains the neural compartment with specific components and action. Neural microenvironment processing includes among others axonogenesis, perineural invasion (PNI), neurosignaling, and tumor cell neural/neuroendocrine differentiation. Growing data suggest that tumor-neural crosstalk plays an important function in prostate cancer (PCa) biology. However, the mechanisms involved in PNI and axonogenesis, as well as their patho-clinical correlations in this tumor are unclear. Methods The present study was carried out on FFPE samples of 73 PCa and 15 benign prostate (BP) cases. Immunohistochemistry with neural markers PGP9.5, TH, and NFP was performed on constructed TMAs and selected tissue sections. The analyzed parameters of tumor innervation included small nerve density (ND) measured on pan-neural marker (PGP9.5) and TH s4tained slides, as well assessment of PNI presence and morphology. The qualitative and topographic aspects were studied. In addition, the expression of neuroendocrine marker chromogranin and NPY was assessed with dedicated indexes. The correlations of the above parameters with basic patho-clinical data such as patients’ age, tumor stage, grade, angioinvasion, and ERG status were examined. Results The study showed that innervation parameters differed between cancer and BP. The neural network in PCa revealed heterogeneity, and ND PGP9.5 in tumor was significantly lower than in its periphery. The density of sympathetic TH-positive fibers and its proportion to all fibers was lower in cancer than in the periphery and BP samples. Perineural invasion was confirmed in 76% of cases, usually multifocally, occurring more commonly in tumors with a higher grade. NPY expression in PCa cells was common with its intensity often rising towards PNI. ERG+ tumors showed higher ND, more frequent PNI, and a higher stage. Moreover, chromogranin-positive cells were more pronounced in PCa with higher NPY expression. Conclusions The analysis showed an irregular axonal network in prostate cancer with higher neural density (panneural and adrenergic) in the surroundings and the invasive front. ND and PNI interrelated with NPY expression, neuroendocrine differentiation, and ERG status. The above findings support new evidence for the presence of autocrine and paracrine interactions in prostate cancer neural microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawid Sigorski
- Department of Oncology, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland.,Department of Oncology and Immuno-Oncology, Warmian-Masurian Cancer Center of the Ministry of the Interior and Administration Hospital, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Jacek Gulczyński
- Department of Pathology and Neuropathology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland.,Department of Pathomorphology, Copernicus Hospital, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Sejda
- Department of Pathomorphology, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Wojciech Rogowski
- Department of Health, Pomeranian University in Słupsk, Słupsk, Poland.,Department of Oncology, Chemotherapy, Clinical trials, Regional Hospital, Słupsk, Poland
| | - Ewa Iżycka-Świeszewska
- Department of Pathology and Neuropathology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland.,Department of Pathomorphology, Copernicus Hospital, Gdańsk, Poland
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138
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Mampay M, Flint MS, Sheridan GK. Tumour brain: Pretreatment cognitive and affective disorders caused by peripheral cancers. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 178:3977-3996. [PMID: 34029379 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
People that develop extracranial cancers often display co-morbid neurological disorders, such as anxiety, depression and cognitive impairment, even before commencement of chemotherapy. This suggests bidirectional crosstalk between non-CNS tumours and the brain, which can regulate peripheral tumour growth. However, the reciprocal neurological effects of tumour progression on brain homeostasis are not well understood. Here, we review brain regions involved in regulating peripheral tumour development and how they, in turn, are adversely affected by advancing tumour burden. Tumour-induced activation of the immune system, blood-brain barrier breakdown and chronic neuroinflammation can lead to circadian rhythm dysfunction, sleep disturbances, aberrant glucocorticoid production, decreased hippocampal neurogenesis and dysregulation of neural network activity, resulting in depression and memory impairments. Given that cancer-related cognitive impairment diminishes patient quality of life, reduces adherence to chemotherapy and worsens cancer prognosis, it is essential that more research is focused at understanding how peripheral tumours affect brain homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myrthe Mampay
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK
| | - Melanie S Flint
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK
| | - Graham K Sheridan
- School of Life Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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139
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Pan Y, Hysinger JD, Barron T, Schindler NF, Cobb O, Guo X, Yalçın B, Anastasaki C, Mulinyawe SB, Ponnuswami A, Scheaffer S, Ma Y, Chang KC, Xia X, Toonen JA, Lennon JJ, Gibson EM, Huguenard JR, Liau LM, Goldberg JL, Monje M, Gutmann DH. NF1 mutation drives neuronal activity-dependent initiation of optic glioma. Nature 2021; 594:277-282. [PMID: 34040258 PMCID: PMC8346229 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03580-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Neurons have recently emerged as essential cellular constituents of the tumour microenvironment, and their activity has been shown to increase the growth of a diverse number of solid tumours1. Although the role of neurons in tumour progression has previously been demonstrated2, the importance of neuronal activity to tumour initiation is less clear-particularly in the setting of cancer predisposition syndromes. Fifteen per cent of individuals with the neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1) cancer predisposition syndrome (in which tumours arise in close association with nerves) develop low-grade neoplasms of the optic pathway (known as optic pathway gliomas (OPGs)) during early childhood3,4, raising the possibility that postnatal light-induced activity of the optic nerve drives tumour initiation. Here we use an authenticated mouse model of OPG driven by mutations in the neurofibromatosis 1 tumour suppressor gene (Nf1)5 to demonstrate that stimulation of optic nerve activity increases optic glioma growth, and that decreasing visual experience via light deprivation prevents tumour formation and maintenance. We show that the initiation of Nf1-driven OPGs (Nf1-OPGs) depends on visual experience during a developmental period in which Nf1-mutant mice are susceptible to tumorigenesis. Germline Nf1 mutation in retinal neurons results in aberrantly increased shedding of neuroligin 3 (NLGN3) within the optic nerve in response to retinal neuronal activity. Moreover, genetic Nlgn3 loss or pharmacological inhibition of NLGN3 shedding blocks the formation and progression of Nf1-OPGs. Collectively, our studies establish an obligate role for neuronal activity in the development of some types of brain tumours, elucidate a therapeutic strategy to reduce OPG incidence or mitigate tumour progression, and underscore the role of Nf1mutation-mediated dysregulation of neuronal signalling pathways in mouse models of the NF1 cancer predisposition syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Pan
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jared D. Hysinger
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Tara Barron
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Nicki F. Schindler
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Olivia Cobb
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Xiaofan Guo
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Belgin Yalçın
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Corina Anastasaki
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sara B. Mulinyawe
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Anitha Ponnuswami
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Suzanne Scheaffer
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yu Ma
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kun-Che Chang
- Spencer Center for Vision Research, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Xin Xia
- Spencer Center for Vision Research, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Joseph A. Toonen
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - James J. Lennon
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Erin M. Gibson
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - John R. Huguenard
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Linda M. Liau
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey L. Goldberg
- Spencer Center for Vision Research, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Michelle Monje
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. .,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. .,Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. .,Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. .,Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - David H. Gutmann
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA,Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to M.M. or D.H.G. ;
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Venkataramani V, Winkler F. Activation of retinal neurons triggers tumour formation in cancer-prone mice. Nature 2021; 594:179-180. [PMID: 34040239 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-021-01353-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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141
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Valiente M, M de la Prida L. Breaking Down the Wall: The Strategic Plan of Cancer to Conquer the Brain. Epilepsy Curr 2021; 20:384-386. [PMID: 34025261 PMCID: PMC7818208 DOI: 10.1177/1535759720949241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogenesis of Peritumoral Hyperexcitability in an
Immunocompetent CRISPR-Based Glioblastoma
Model Hatcher A, Yu K, Meyer J, Aiba I, Deneen B, Noeb JL.
J Clin Invest.
2020;130(5):2286-2300. doi:10.1172/JCI133316 Seizures often herald the clinical appearance of gliomas or
appear at later stages. Dissecting their precise evolution
and cellular pathogenesis in brain malignancies could
inform the development of staged therapies for these
highly pharmacoresistant epilepsies. Studies in
immunodeficient xenograft models have identified local
interneuron loss and excess glial glutamate release as
chief contributors to network disinhibition, but how
hyperexcitability in the peritumoral microenvironment
evolves in an immunocompetent brain is unclear. We
generated gliomas in WT mice via in utero deletion of key
tumor suppressor genes and serially monitored cortical
epileptogenesis during tumor infiltration with in vivo
electrophysiology and GCAMP7 calcium imaging, revealing a
reproducible progression from hyperexcitability to
convulsive seizures. Long before seizures, coincident with
loss of inhibitory cells and their protective scaffolding,
gain of glial glutamate antiporter xCT expression, and
reactive astrocytosis, we detected local Iba1+ microglial
inflammation that intensified and later extended far
beyond tumor boundaries. Hitherto unrecognized episodes of
cortical spreading depolarization that arose frequently
from the peritumoral region may provide a mechanism for
transient neurological deficits. Early blockade of glial
xCT activity inhibited later seizures, and genomic
reduction of host brain excitability by deleting
microtubule-associated protein Tau suppressed molecular
markers of epileptogenesis and seizures. Our studies
confirmed xenograft tumor–driven pathobiology and revealed
early and late components of tumor-related epileptogenesis
in a genetically tractable, immunocompetent mouse model of
glioma, allowing the complex dissection of tumor versus
host pathogenic seizure mechanisms.
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Venkataramani V, Tanev DI, Kuner T, Wick W, Winkler F. Synaptic input to brain tumors: clinical implications. Neuro Oncol 2021; 23:23-33. [PMID: 32623467 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noaa158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The recent discovery of synaptic connections between neurons and brain tumor cells fundamentally challenges our understanding of gliomas and brain metastases and shows how these tumors can integrate into complex neuronal circuits. Here, we provide an overview of glutamatergic neuron-to-brain tumor synaptic communication (NBTSC) and explore novel therapeutic avenues. First, we summarize current concepts of direct synaptic interactions between presynaptic neurons and postsynaptic glioma cells, and indirect perisynaptic input to metastatic breast cancer cells. We explain how these novel structures drive brain tumor growth and invasion. Second, a vicious cycle of enhanced neuronal activity, including tumor-related epilepsy, and glioma progression is described. Finally, we discuss which future avenues to target NBTSC appear most promising. All in all, further characterization of NBTSC and the exploration of NBTSC-inhibiting therapies have the potential to reveal critical vulnerabilities of yet incurable brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varun Venkataramani
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuro-Oncology, German Cancer Consortium, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Functional Neuroanatomy, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dimitar Ivanov Tanev
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuro-Oncology, German Cancer Consortium, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Functional Neuroanatomy, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Kuner
- Department of Functional Neuroanatomy, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wick
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuro-Oncology, German Cancer Consortium, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Winkler
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuro-Oncology, German Cancer Consortium, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
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Long, Noncoding RNA Dysregulation in Glioblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13071604. [PMID: 33807183 PMCID: PMC8037018 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13071604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Developing effective therapies for glioblastoma (GBM), the most common primary brain cancer, remains challenging due to the heterogeneity within tumors and therapeutic resistance that drives recurrence. Noncoding RNAs are transcribed from a large proportion of the genome and remain largely unexplored in their contribution to the evolution of GBM tumors. Here, we will review the general mechanisms of long, noncoding RNAs and the current knowledge of how these impact heterogeneity and therapeutic resistance in GBM. A better understanding of the molecular drivers required for these aggressive tumors is necessary to improve the management and outcomes of this challenging disease. Abstract Transcription occurs across more than 70% of the human genome and more than half of currently annotated genes produce functional noncoding RNAs. Of these transcripts, the majority—long, noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs)—are greater than 200 nucleotides in length and are necessary for various roles in the cell. It is increasingly appreciated that these lncRNAs are relevant in both health and disease states, with the brain expressing the largest number of lncRNAs compared to other organs. Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive, fatal brain tumor that demonstrates remarkable intratumoral heterogeneity, which has made the development of effective therapies challenging. The cooperation between genetic and epigenetic alterations drives rapid adaptation that allows therapeutic evasion and recurrence. Given the large repertoire of lncRNAs in normal brain tissue and the well-described roles of lncRNAs in molecular and cellular processes, these transcripts are important to consider in the context of GBM heterogeneity and treatment resistance. Herein, we review the general mechanisms and biological roles of lncRNAs, with a focus on GBM, as well as RNA-based therapeutics currently in development.
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144
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Silverman DA, Martinez VK, Dougherty PM, Myers JN, Calin GA, Amit M. Cancer-Associated Neurogenesis and Nerve-Cancer Cross-talk. Cancer Res 2021; 81:1431-1440. [PMID: 33334813 PMCID: PMC7969424 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-2793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we highlight recent discoveries regarding mechanisms contributing to nerve-cancer cross-talk and the effects of nerve-cancer cross-talk on tumor progression and dissemination. High intratumoral nerve density correlates with poor prognosis and high recurrence across multiple solid tumor types. Recent research has shown that cancer cells express neurotrophic markers such as nerve growth factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor and release axon-guidance molecules such as ephrin B1 to promote axonogenesis. Tumor cells recruit new neural progenitors to the tumor milieu and facilitate their maturation into adrenergic infiltrating nerves. Tumors also rewire established nerves to adrenergic phenotypes via exosome-induced neural reprogramming by p53-deficient tumors. In turn, infiltrating sympathetic nerves facilitate cancer progression. Intratumoral adrenergic nerves release noradrenaline to stimulate angiogenesis via VEGF signaling and enhance the rate of tumor growth. Intratumoral parasympathetic nerves may have a dichotomous role in cancer progression and may induce Wnt-β-catenin signals that expand cancer stem cells. Importantly, infiltrating nerves not only influence the tumor cells themselves but also impact other cells of the tumor stroma. This leads to enhanced sympathetic signaling and glucocorticoid production, which influences neutrophil and macrophage differentiation, lymphocyte phenotype, and potentially lymphocyte function. Although much remains unexplored within this field, fundamental discoveries underscore the importance of nerve-cancer cross-talk to tumor progression and may provide the foundation for developing effective targets for the inhibition of tumor-induced neurogenesis and tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah A Silverman
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Vena K Martinez
- Department of Symptom Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Patrick M Dougherty
- Department of Pain Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jeffrey N Myers
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - George A Calin
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Moran Amit
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
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Tilak M, Holborn J, New LA, Lalonde J, Jones N. Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Signaling and Targeting in Glioblastoma Multiforme. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1831. [PMID: 33673213 PMCID: PMC7918566 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is amongst the deadliest of human cancers, with a median survival rate of just over one year following diagnosis. Characterized by rapid proliferation and diffuse infiltration into the brain, GBM is notoriously difficult to treat, with tumor cells showing limited response to existing therapies and eventually developing resistance to these interventions. As such, there is intense interest in better understanding the molecular alterations in GBM to guide the development of more efficient targeted therapies. GBM tumors can be classified into several molecular subtypes which have distinct genetic signatures, and they show aberrant activation of numerous signal transduction pathways, particularly those connected to receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) which control glioma cell growth, survival, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis. There are also non-canonical modes of RTK signaling found in GBM, which involve G-protein-coupled receptors and calcium channels. This review uses The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) GBM dataset in combination with a data-mining approach to summarize disease characteristics, with a focus on select molecular pathways that drive GBM pathogenesis. We also present a unique genomic survey of RTKs that are frequently altered in GBM subtypes, as well as catalog the GBM disease association scores for all RTKs. Lastly, we discuss current RTK targeted therapies and highlight emerging directions in GBM research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Nina Jones
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (M.T.); (J.H.); (L.A.N.); (J.L.)
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Kaarijärvi R, Kaljunen H, Ketola K. Molecular and Functional Links between Neurodevelopmental Processes and Treatment-Induced Neuroendocrine Plasticity in Prostate Cancer Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13040692. [PMID: 33572108 PMCID: PMC7915380 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Treatment-induced neuroendocrine prostate cancer (t-NEPC) is a subtype of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) which develops under prolonged androgen deprivation therapy. The mechanisms and pathways underlying the t-NEPC are still poorly understood and there are no effective treatments available. Here, we summarize the literature on the molecules and pathways contributing to neuroendocrine phenotype in prostate cancer in the context of their known cellular neurodevelopmental processes. We also discuss the role of tumor microenvironment in neuroendocrine plasticity, future directions, and therapeutic options under clinical investigation for neuroendocrine prostate cancer. Abstract Neuroendocrine plasticity and treatment-induced neuroendocrine phenotypes have recently been proposed as important resistance mechanisms underlying prostate cancer progression. Treatment-induced neuroendocrine prostate cancer (t-NEPC) is highly aggressive subtype of castration-resistant prostate cancer which develops for one fifth of patients under prolonged androgen deprivation. In recent years, understanding of molecular features and phenotypic changes in neuroendocrine plasticity has been grown. However, there are still fundamental questions to be answered in this emerging research field, for example, why and how do the prostate cancer treatment-resistant cells acquire neuron-like phenotype. The advantages of the phenotypic change and the role of tumor microenvironment in controlling cellular plasticity and in the emergence of treatment-resistant aggressive forms of prostate cancer is mostly unknown. Here, we discuss the molecular and functional links between neurodevelopmental processes and treatment-induced neuroendocrine plasticity in prostate cancer progression and treatment resistance. We provide an overview of the emergence of neurite-like cells in neuroendocrine prostate cancer cells and whether the reported t-NEPC pathways and proteins relate to neurodevelopmental processes like neurogenesis and axonogenesis during the development of treatment resistance. We also discuss emerging novel therapeutic targets modulating neuroendocrine plasticity.
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147
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Ghiaseddin A, Hoang Minh LB, Janiszewska M, Shin D, Wick W, Mitchell DA, Wen PY, Grossman SA. Adult precision medicine: learning from the past to enhance the future. Neurooncol Adv 2021; 3:vdaa145. [PMID: 33543142 PMCID: PMC7846182 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdaa145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite therapeutic advances for other malignancies, gliomas remain challenging solid tumors to treat. Complete surgical resection is nearly impossible due to gliomas’ diffuse infiltrative nature, and treatment is hampered by restricted access to the tumors due to limited transport across the blood–brain barrier. Recent advances in genomic studies and next-generation sequencing techniques have led to a better understanding of gliomas and identification of potential aberrant signaling pathways. Targeting the specific genomic abnormalities via novel molecular therapies has opened a new avenue in the management of gliomas, with encouraging results in preclinical studies and early clinical trials. However, molecular characterization of gliomas revealed significant heterogeneity, which poses a challenge for targeted therapeutic approaches. In this context, leading neuro-oncology researchers and clinicians, industry innovators, and patient advocates convened at the inaugural annual Remission Summit held in Orlando, FL in February 2019 to discuss the latest advances in immunotherapy and precision medicine approaches for the treatment of adult and pediatric brain tumors and outline the unanswered questions, challenges, and opportunities that lay ahead for advancing the duration and quality of life for patients with brain tumors. Here, we provide historical context for precision medicine in other cancers, present emerging approaches for gliomas, discuss their limitations, and outline the steps necessary for future success. We focus on the advances in small molecule targeted therapy, as the use of immunotherapy as an emerging precision medicine modality for glioma treatment has recently been reviewed by our colleagues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Ghiaseddin
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Lan B Hoang Minh
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | | | - David Shin
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Wolfgang Wick
- Neurology Clinic, Heidelberg University Medical Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Duane A Mitchell
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Patrick Y Wen
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Center for Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Stuart A Grossman
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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148
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Masmudi-Martín M, Zhu L, Sanchez-Navarro M, Priego N, Casanova-Acebes M, Ruiz-Rodado V, Giralt E, Valiente M. Brain metastasis models: What should we aim to achieve better treatments? Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 169:79-99. [PMID: 33321154 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Brain metastasis is emerging as a unique entity in oncology based on its particular biology and, consequently, the pharmacological approaches that should be considered. We discuss the current state of modelling this specific progression of cancer and how these experimental models have been used to test multiple pharmacologic strategies over the years. In spite of pre-clinical evidences demonstrating brain metastasis vulnerabilities, many clinical trials have excluded patients with brain metastasis. Fortunately, this trend is getting to an end given the increasing importance of secondary brain tumors in the clinic and a better knowledge of the underlying biology. We discuss emerging trends and unsolved issues that will shape how we will study experimental brain metastasis in the years to come.
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149
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Tan X, Sivakumar S, Bednarsch J, Wiltberger G, Kather JN, Niehues J, de Vos-Geelen J, Valkenburg-van Iersel L, Kintsler S, Roeth A, Hao G, Lang S, Coolsen ME, den Dulk M, Aberle MR, Koolen J, Gaisa NT, Olde Damink SWM, Neumann UP, Heij LR. Nerve fibers in the tumor microenvironment in neurotropic cancer-pancreatic cancer and cholangiocarcinoma. Oncogene 2021; 40:899-908. [PMID: 33288884 PMCID: PMC7862068 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-01578-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) are both deadly cancers and they share many biological features besides their close anatomical location. One of the main histological features is neurotropism, which results in frequent perineural invasion. The underlying mechanism of cancer cells favoring growth by and through the nerve fibers is not fully understood. In this review, we provide knowledge of these cancers with frequent perineural invasion. We discuss nerve fiber crosstalk with the main different components of the tumor microenvironment (TME), the immune cells, and the fibroblasts. Also, we discuss the crosstalk between the nerve fibers and the cancer. We highlight the shared signaling pathways of the mechanisms behind perineural invasion in PDAC and CCA. Hereby we have focussed on signaling neurotransmitters and neuropeptides which may be a target for future therapies. Furthermore, we have summarized retrospective results of the previous literature about nerve fibers in PDAC and CCA patients. We provide our point of view in the potential for nerve fibers to be used as powerful biomarker for prognosis, as a tool to stratify patients for therapy or as a target in a (combination) therapy. Taking the presence of nerves into account can potentially change the field of personalized care in these neurotropic cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxiang Tan
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of General, Gastrointestinal, Hepatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Shivan Sivakumar
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jan Bednarsch
- Department of General, Gastrointestinal, Hepatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Georg Wiltberger
- Department of General, Gastrointestinal, Hepatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Jan Niehues
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Judith de Vos-Geelen
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, GROW School for Oncology and Development Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Liselot Valkenburg-van Iersel
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, GROW School for Oncology and Development Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Svetlana Kintsler
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Anjali Roeth
- Department of General, Gastrointestinal, Hepatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Guangshan Hao
- Translational Neurosurgery and Neurobiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Sven Lang
- Department of General, Gastrointestinal, Hepatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Mariëlle E Coolsen
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel den Dulk
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of General, Gastrointestinal, Hepatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Merel R Aberle
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jarne Koolen
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Nadine T Gaisa
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Steven W M Olde Damink
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of General, Gastrointestinal, Hepatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ulf P Neumann
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of General, Gastrointestinal, Hepatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Lara R Heij
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
- Department of General, Gastrointestinal, Hepatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany.
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
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150
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Papaioannou MD, Sangster K, Sajid RS, Djuric U, Diamandis P. Cerebral organoids: emerging ex vivo humanoid models of glioblastoma. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2020; 8:209. [PMID: 33261657 PMCID: PMC7706050 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-020-01077-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is an aggressive form of brain cancer that has seen only marginal improvements in its bleak survival outlook of 12-15 months over the last forty years. There is therefore an urgent need for the development of advanced drug screening platforms and systems that can better recapitulate glioblastoma's infiltrative biology, a process largely responsible for its relentless propensity for recurrence and progression. Recent advances in stem cell biology have allowed the generation of artificial tridimensional brain-like tissue termed cerebral organoids. In addition to their potential to model brain development, these reagents are providing much needed synthetic humanoid scaffolds to model glioblastoma's infiltrative capacity in a faithful and scalable manner. Here, we highlight and review the early breakthroughs in this growing field and discuss its potential future role for glioblastoma research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michail-Dimitrios Papaioannou
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
- Laboratory Medicine Program, Department of Pathology, University Health Network, 200 Elizabeth Street, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Kevin Sangster
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Rifat Shahriar Sajid
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Ugljesa Djuric
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
- Laboratory Medicine Program, Department of Pathology, University Health Network, 200 Elizabeth Street, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Phedias Diamandis
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada.
- Laboratory Medicine Program, Department of Pathology, University Health Network, 200 Elizabeth Street, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada.
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