101
|
Schubert M, Junker K, Heinzelmann J. Prognostic and predictive miRNA biomarkers in bladder, kidney and prostate cancer: Where do we stand in biomarker development? J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2015; 142:1673-95. [DOI: 10.1007/s00432-015-2089-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
102
|
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are integral to the gene regulatory network. A single miRNA is capable of controlling the expression of hundreds of protein coding genes and modulate a wide spectrum of biological functions, such as proliferation, differentiation, stress responses, DNA repair, cell adhesion, motility, inflammation, cell survival, senescence and apoptosis, all of which are fundamental to tumorigenesis. Overexpression, genetic amplification, and gain-of-function mutation of oncogenic miRNAs ("onco-miRs") as well as genetic deletion and loss-of-function mutation of tumor suppressor miRNAs ("suppressor-miRs") are linked to human cancer. In addition to the dysregulation of a specific onco-miR or suppressor-miRs, changes in global miRNA levels resulting from a defective miRNA biogenesis pathway play a role in tumorigenesis. The function of individual onco-miRs and suppressor-miRs and their target genes in cancer has been described in many different articles elsewhere. In this review, we primarily focus on the recent development regarding the dysregulation of the miRNA biogenesis pathway and its contribution to cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Hata
- a Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California , San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Risa Kashima
- a Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California , San Francisco , CA , USA
| |
Collapse
|
103
|
Darwiche F, Parekh DJ, Gonzalgo ML. Biomarkers for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: Current tests and future promise. Indian J Urol 2015; 31:273-82. [PMID: 26604437 PMCID: PMC4626910 DOI: 10.4103/0970-1591.166448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The search continues for optimal markers that can be utilized to improve bladder cancer detection and to predict disease recurrence. Although no single marker has yet replaced the need to perform cystoscopy and urine cytology, many tests have been evaluated and are being developed. In the future, these promising markers may be incorporated into standard practice to address the challenge of screening in addition to long-term surveillance of patients who have or are at risk for developing bladder cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fadi Darwiche
- Department of Urology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Dipen J Parekh
- Department of Urology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Mark L Gonzalgo
- Department of Urology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
104
|
Pignot G, le Goux C, Bieche I. [Recent advances in bladder urothelial carcinogenesis]. Bull Cancer 2015; 102:1020-35. [PMID: 26617115 DOI: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2015.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Revised: 09/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Bladder cancer is the sixth cause of cancer mortality in France and prognosis of muscle-invasive tumors remains poor due to lack of effective treatments. Recent advances in molecular biology applied to tumors and results of recent genome-wide studies have brought a important impact on the understanding of bladder carcinogenesis. Main molecular alterations concern FGFR3, TP53 and HER2, and it is now possible to distinguish three subgroups of tumors according to molecular profile. This paper proposes a review of different genetic and epigenetic alterations in bladder cancer, their potential role as theranostic markers in clinical oncology and new targeted therapies according to the concept of personalized medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Géraldine Pignot
- Institut Paoli-Calmettes, service de chirurgie urologique, 13009 Marseille, France.
| | - Constance le Goux
- Université Paris Descartes, institut Curie, service de génétique, unité de pharmacogénomique, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Ivan Bieche
- Université Paris Descartes, institut Curie, service de génétique, unité de pharmacogénomique, 75005 Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
105
|
Zhang C, Liu K, Li T, Fang J, Ding Y, Sun L, Tu T, Jiang X, Du S, Hu J, Zhu W, Chen H, Sun X. miR-21: A gene of dual regulation in breast cancer. Int J Oncol 2015; 48:161-72. [PMID: 26549725 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2015.3232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is characterized by an elevated capacity for tumor invasion and lymph node metastasis, but the cause remains to be determined. Recent studies suggest that microRNAs (miRNAs) can regulate the evolution of malignant behavior by regulating multiple target genes. A key oncomir in carcinogenesis is miR-21, which is consistently upregulated in a wide range of cancers. However, few functional studies are available for miR-21, and few targets have been identified. In this study, we explored the role of miR-21 in human breast cancer cells and searched for miR-21 targets.Total RNA from breast cancer tissue and corresponding adjacent normal tissue was extracted and used to detect miR-21 expression by quantificational real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), followed by analysis of the correlation between gonad hormone indices in peripheral blood and miR-21 expression in cancerous tissues from the same patients. Cell proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion were then examined to determine the role of miR-21 in regulating breast cancer cells. Finally, western blotting was performed to determine if miR-21 regulated expression of signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3), and assays of cell proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion were performed to examine the role of STAT3 in regulation of breast cancer cells. We found that expression of miR-21 increased from normal through benign to cancerous breast tissues. Enhanced miR-21 expression was associated with serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone, estradiol, β-human chorionic gonadotropin, testosterone and prolactin in patients with breast cancer. Furthermore, cell proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion were increased after overexpression of miR-21 in breast cancer cells and reduced by miR-21 suppression. In addition, we identified a putative miR-21 binding site in the 3'-untranslated region of the STAT3 gene using an online bioinformatical tool. We found that protein expression of STAT3 was significantly downregulated when breast cancer cells were transfected with miR-21 mimics, and was significantly upregulated in breast cancer cells transfected with a miR-21 inhibitor. Finally, we found that cell proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion were decreased by treatment with 2.5 nM of Stattic, an inhibitor of STAT3 activation. Our data suggest that miR-21 expression is increased in breast cancer and plays an important role as a tumor gene by targeting STAT3, which may act as a double-response controller in breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunfu Zhang
- The Second People's Hospital of Kunshan, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, P.R. China
| | - Kui Liu
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Tao Li
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Jie Fang
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
| | - Yanling Ding
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Lingxian Sun
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Tao Tu
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Xinyi Jiang
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Shanmei Du
- Zibo Vocational Institute, Zibo, Shandong 255314, P.R. China
| | - Jiabo Hu
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhu
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Huabiao Chen
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Xiaochun Sun
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
106
|
Lei M, Xie W, Sun E, Sun Y, Tian D, Liu C, Han R, Li N, Liu M, Han R, Liu L. microRNA-21 Regulates Cell Proliferation and Migration and Cross Talk with PTEN and p53 in Bladder Cancer. DNA Cell Biol 2015; 34:626-32. [PMID: 26230405 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2015.2868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mingde Lei
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanqin Xie
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Erlin Sun
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Dawei Tian
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyu Liu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Han
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruifa Han
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Liwei Liu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
107
|
MicroRNA-335 and -543 suppress bone metastasis in prostate cancer via targeting endothelial nitric oxide synthase. Int J Mol Med 2015; 36:1417-25. [PMID: 26647850 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2015.2355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal metastasis is the major problem in the management of prostate cancer (PCa). Even though the regulatory role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the control of tumor metastases has been well described in numerous types of cancer, the importance in bone metastasis of PCa remains largely unknown. In the present study, the differentially expressed miRNAs were identified between the primary PCa and bone metastatic PCa samples by comparing their expression profiling using miRNA microarray, and 4 miRNAs (miR‑335, ‑543, ‑196 and ‑19a) were noted to be significantly downregulated in bone metastasis compared with primary PCa. Among those, the downregulation of 2 miRNAs (miR‑335 and ‑543) was confirmed in a total of 20 paired primary PCa and bone metastasis samples using reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Using the online target prediction tool, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) was found to be a shared target of miR‑335 and ‑543, which was further verified using the luciferase assay. By examining the expression pattern of eNOS in primary PCa and skeletal metastatic samples, the mRNA and protein expression levels of eNOS were markedly upregulated in the metastatic samples. Furthermore, exogenous overexpression of miR‑335 and ‑543 significantly downregulated the expression level of eNOS, and substantially compromised the ability of migration and invasion in vitro. These findings suggested that miR‑335 and ‑543 are associated with bone metastasis of PCa and indicated that they may have important roles in the bone metastasis, which may also be clinically used as novel biomarkers in discriminating the different stages of human PCa and predicting bone metastasis.
Collapse
|
108
|
Ding M, LI Y, Wang H, Lv Y, Liang J, Wang J, Li C. Diagnostic value of urinary microRNAs as non-invasive biomarkers for bladder cancer: a meta-analysis. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015; 8:15432-15440. [PMID: 26629032 PMCID: PMC4658921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bladder cancer (BC) is the fifth most common malignancy worldwide. The expression levels of microRNAs (miRNAs) in urine samples of BC patients have been demonstrated to be different from healthy people. Several studies focusing on the diagnostic value of urinary miRNAs for BC detection have been reported. The aim of this meta-analysis was to access the overall diagnostic accuracy comprehensively and quantitatively. METHODS PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and CNKI were searched without language restrictions for studies about the diagnostic value of miRNAs for BC. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratios (PLR and NLR, respectively), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) were calculated using the random effects model. The summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve was also generated and the area under the curve (AUC) was also reckoned to assess the diagnosis accuracy. Besides, Chi-square test and I(2) test were used to assess the heterogeneity between studies. Publication bias was evaluated by the Deeks' funnel plot asymmetry test. RESULTS Fourteen studies were included in this meta-analysis, with a total of 1,128 BC patients and 1,057 matched controls. The overall sensitivity, specificity, PLR, NLR and DOR of urinary miRNAs for the diagnosis of BC were 0.71 (95% CI: 0.67-0.75), 0.75 (95% CI: 0.70-0.79), 2.8 (95% CI: 2.3-3.4), 0.39 (95% CI: 0.33-0.46) and 7 (95% CI: 5-10), respectively. The area under the SROC curve was 0.79. Subgroup analyses suggested that the ethnicity and miRNA profiling had an obvious influence on the diagnostic accuracy. CONCLUSION The current analysis suggested that urinary miRNA panels may be a promising noninvasive biomarker in the diagnosis of BC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingxia Ding
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunming 650101, China
| | - Yi LI
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third HospitalBeijing 100083, China
| | - Haifeng Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunming 650101, China
| | - Yongchang Lv
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunming 650101, China
| | - Jianwei Liang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunming 650101, China
| | - Jiansong Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunming 650101, China
| | - Chong Li
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunming 650101, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101, China
| |
Collapse
|
109
|
Andrew AS, Marsit CJ, Schned AR, Seigne JD, Kelsey KT, Moore JH, Perreard L, Karagas MR, Sempere LF. Expression of tumor suppressive microRNA-34a is associated with a reduced risk of bladder cancer recurrence. Int J Cancer 2015; 137:1158-66. [PMID: 25556547 PMCID: PMC4485975 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Revised: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Bladder cancer is the fourth most common cancer among men in the United States and more than half of patients experience recurrences within 5 years after initial diagnosis. Additional clinically informative and actionable biomarkers of the recurrent bladder cancer phenotypes are needed to improve screening and molecular therapeutic approaches for recurrence prevention. MicroRNA-34a (miR-34a) is a short noncoding regulatory RNA with tumor suppressive attributes. We leveraged our unique, large, population-based prognostic study of bladder cancer in New Hampshire, United States to evaluate miR-34a expression levels in individual tumor cells to assess prognostic value. We collected detailed exposure and medical history data, as well as tumor tissue specimens from bladder patients and followed them long-term for recurrence, progression and survival. Fluorescence-based in situ hybridization assays were performed on urothelial carcinoma tissue specimens (n = 229). A larger proportion of the nonmuscle invasive tumors had high levels of miR-34a within the carcinoma cells compared to those tumors that were muscle invasive. Patients with high miR-34a levels in their baseline nonmuscle invasive tumors experienced lower risks of recurrence (adjusted hazard ratio 0.57, 95% confidence interval 0.34-0.93). Consistent with these observations, we demonstrated a functional tumor suppressive role for miR-34a in cultured urothelial cells, including reduced matrigel invasion and growth in soft agar. Our results highlight the need for further clinical studies of miR-34a as a guide for recurrence screening and as a possible candidate therapeutic target in the bladder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angeline S. Andrew
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH
| | - Carmen J. Marsit
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH
| | - Alan R. Schned
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH
| | - John D. Seigne
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH
| | - Karl T. Kelsey
- Department of Epidemiology & Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Environmental Health and Technology, Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Jason H. Moore
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH
| | - Laurent Perreard
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH
| | - Margaret R. Karagas
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH
| | - Lorenzo F. Sempere
- Center for Translational Medicine, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI
| |
Collapse
|
110
|
Tilki D, Zlotta AR. Utility of urine biomarkers. Bladder Cancer 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/9781118674826.ch3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
111
|
Blick C, Ramachandran A, McCormick R, Wigfield S, Cranston D, Catto J, Harris AL. Identification of a hypoxia-regulated miRNA signature in bladder cancer and a role for miR-145 in hypoxia-dependent apoptosis. Br J Cancer 2015; 113:634-44. [PMID: 26196183 PMCID: PMC4647685 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2015.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoxia leads to the stabilisation of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) transcription factor that drives the expression of target genes including microRNAs (miRNAs). MicroRNAs are known to regulate many genes involved in tumourigenesis. The aim of this study was to identify hypoxia-regulated miRNAs (HRMs) in bladder cancer and investigate their functional significance. METHODS Bladder cancer cell lines were exposed to normoxic and hypoxic conditions and interrogated for the expression of 384 miRNAs by qPCR. Functional studies were carried out using siRNA-mediated gene knockdown and chromatin immunoprecipitations. Apoptosis was quantified by annexin V staining and flow cytometry. RESULTS The HRM signature for NMI bladder cancer lines includes miR-210, miR-193b, miR-145, miR-125-3p, miR-708 and miR-517a. The most hypoxia-upregulated miRNA was miR-145. The miR-145 was a direct target of HIF-1α and two hypoxia response elements were identified within the promoter region of the gene. Finally, the hypoxic upregulation of miR-145 contributed to increased apoptosis in RT4 cells. CONCLUSIONS We have demonstrated the hypoxic regulation of a number of miRNAs in bladder cancer. We have shown that miR-145 is a novel, robust and direct HIF target gene that in turn leads to increased cell death in NMI bladder cancer cell lines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Blick
- Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
- Department of Urology, Churchill Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK
| | - A Ramachandran
- Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
- Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, Lincoln's Inn Fields Laboratories, London WC2A 3LY, UK
| | - R McCormick
- Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - S Wigfield
- Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - D Cranston
- Department of Urology, Churchill Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK
| | - J Catto
- The Academic Department of Urology and Institute for Cancer Studies, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK
| | - A L Harris
- Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| |
Collapse
|
112
|
Lombard AP, Lim RM, Nakagawa RM, Vidallo KD, Libertini SJ, Platero AJ, Mudryj M. Dicer ablation promotes a mesenchymal and invasive phenotype in bladder cancer cells. Oncol Rep 2015; 34:1526-32. [PMID: 26166215 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Dicer expression is frequently altered in cancer and affects a wide array of cellular functions acting as an oncogene or tumor suppressor in varying contexts. It has been shown that Dicer expression is also deregulated in urothelial cell carcinoma of the bladder (UCCB) but the nature of this deregulation differs between reports. The aim of the present study was to gain a better understanding of the role of Dicer in bladder cancer to help determine its contribution to the disease. The results showed that Dicer transcript levels were decreased in UCCB tumor tissues as compared to normal tissues, suggesting that Dicer is a tumor suppressor. However, consistent with previous results, we demonstrated that knockdown of Dicer decreases cell viability and increases the induction of apoptosis, suggesting that Dicer is an oncogene. To resolve this discrepancy, we assessed the effects of decreased Dicer expression on epithelial-to‑mesenchymal transition, migration and invasion. We showed that decreased Dicer levels promoted a mesenchymal phenotype and increased migration. Additionally, the results showed that Dicer protein ablation leads to increased cell invasion, higher levels of matrix metalloproteinase-2, and decreased levels of key miRNAs shown to inhibit invasion. The results of this study suggest that decreased Dicer levels may portend a more malignant phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alan P Lombard
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Rebecca M Lim
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Rachel M Nakagawa
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Kathleen D Vidallo
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Stephen J Libertini
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Alexander J Platero
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Maria Mudryj
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
113
|
Sanguedolce F, Cormio A, Bufo P, Carrieri G, Cormio L. Molecular markers in bladder cancer: Novel research frontiers. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2015; 52:242-55. [PMID: 26053693 DOI: 10.3109/10408363.2015.1033610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is a heterogeneous disease encompassing distinct biologic features that lead to extremely different clinical behaviors. In the last 20 years, great efforts have been made to predict disease outcome and response to treatment by developing risk assessment calculators based on multiple standard clinical-pathological factors, as well as by testing several molecular markers. Unfortunately, risk assessment calculators alone fail to accurately assess a single patient's prognosis and response to different treatment options. Several molecular markers easily assessable by routine immunohistochemical techniques hold promise for becoming widely available and cost-effective tools for a more reliable risk assessment, but none have yet entered routine clinical practice. Current research is therefore moving towards (i) identifying novel molecular markers; (ii) testing old and new markers in homogeneous patients' populations receiving homogeneous treatments; (iii) generating a multimarker panel that could be easily, and thus routinely, used in clinical practice; (iv) developing novel risk assessment tools, possibly combining standard clinical-pathological factors with molecular markers. This review analyses the emerging body of literature concerning novel biomarkers, ranging from genetic changes to altered expression of a huge variety of molecules, potentially involved in BC outcome and response to treatment. Findings suggest that some of these indicators, such as serum circulating tumor cells and tissue mitochondrial DNA, seem to be easily assessable and provide reliable information. Other markers, such as the phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT (serine-threonine kinase)/mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) pathway and epigenetic changes in DNA methylation seem to not only have prognostic/predictive value but also, most importantly, represent valuable therapeutic targets. Finally, there is increasing evidence that the development of novel risk assessment tools combining standard clinical-pathological factors with molecular markers represents a major quest in managing this poorly predictable disease.
Collapse
|
114
|
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are critical regulators of gene expression. Amplification and overexpression of individual 'oncomiRs' or genetic loss of tumour suppressor miRNAs are associated with human cancer and are sufficient to drive tumorigenesis in mouse models. Furthermore, global miRNA depletion caused by genetic and epigenetic alterations in components of the miRNA biogenesis machinery is oncogenic. This, together with the recent identification of novel miRNA regulatory factors and pathways, highlights the importance of miRNA dysregulation in cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuibin Lin
- 1] Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. [2] Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Richard I Gregory
- 1] Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. [2] Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. [3] Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. [4] Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| |
Collapse
|
115
|
MicroRNA expression profiles in muscle-invasive bladder cancer: identification of a four-microRNA signature associated with patient survival. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:8159-66. [PMID: 25990459 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3559-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer ranks the second most common genitourinary tract cancer, and muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) accounts for approximately 25 % of all bladder cancer cases with high mortality. In the current study, with a total of 202 treatment-naïve primary MIBC patients identified from The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset, we comprehensively analyzed the genome-wide microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles in MIBC, with the aim to investigate the relationship of miRNA expression with the progression and prognosis of MIBC, and generate a miRNA signature of prognostic capabilities. In the progression-related miRNA profiles, a total of 47, 16, 3, and 84 miRNAs were selected for pathologic T, N, M, and histologic grade, respectively. Of the eight most important progression-related miRNAs, four (let-7c, mir-125b-1, mir-193a, and mir-99a) were significantly associated with survival of patients with MIBC. Finally, a four-miRNA signature was generated and proven as a promising prognostic parameter. In summary, this study identified the specific miRNAs associated with the progression and aggressiveness of MIBC and a four-miRNA signature as a promising prognostic parameter of MIBC.
Collapse
|
116
|
Interplay between receptor tyrosine kinases and hypoxia signaling in cancer. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2015; 62:101-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2015.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Revised: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
117
|
Dip N, Reis ST, Abe DK, Viana NI, Morais DR, Moura CM, Katz B, Silva IA, Srougi M, Leite KRM. Micro RNA expression and prognosis in low-grade non-invasive urothelial carcinoma. Int Braz J Urol 2015; 40:644-9. [PMID: 25498275 DOI: 10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2014.05.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To analyze a possible correlation between a miRNA expression profile and important prognostic factors for pTa urothelial carcinomas (UC), including tumor size, multiplicity and episodes of recurrence. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty low-grade non-invasive pTa bladder UC from patients submitted to transurethral resection were studied, in a mean follow-up of 17.7 months. As controls, we used normal bladder tissue from five patients submitted to retropubic prostatectomy to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia. Extraction, cDNA and amplification were performed for 14 miRNAs (miR-100, -10a, -21, -205, -let7c, -143, -145, -221, -223, -15a, -16, -199a and -452) using specific kits, and RNU-43 and -48 were used as endogenous controls. Statistical tests were used to compare tumor size, multiplicity and episodes of recurrence with miRNAs expression profiles. RESULTS There was a marginal correlation between multiplicity and miR-let7c over-expression. For all others miRNA no correlation between their expression and prognostic factors was found. CONCLUSION We did not find differences for miRNAs expression profiles associated with prognostic factors in tumor group studied. The majority of miRNAs are down-regulated, except mir-10a, over-expressed in most of cases, seeming to have increased levels as tumor with more unfavorable prognostic factors. More studies are needed in order to find a miRNA profile able to provide prognosis in pTa UC to be used in clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nelson Dip
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation, Urology Department - LIM55, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sabrina T Reis
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation, Urology Department - LIM55, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel K Abe
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation, Urology Department - LIM55, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nayara I Viana
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation, Urology Department - LIM55, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Denis R Morais
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation, Urology Department - LIM55, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Caio M Moura
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation, Urology Department - LIM55, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Betina Katz
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation, Urology Department - LIM55, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Iran A Silva
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation, Urology Department - LIM55, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Miguel Srougi
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation, Urology Department - LIM55, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Katia R M Leite
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation, Urology Department - LIM55, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
118
|
Ma Y, Hu Q, Luo W, Pratt RN, Glenn ST, Liu S, Trump DL, Johnson CS. 1α,25(OH)2D3 differentially regulates miRNA expression in human bladder cancer cells. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2015; 148:166-71. [PMID: 25263658 PMCID: PMC4361310 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2014.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Revised: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Bladder cancer is the fourth most commonly diagnosed cancer in men and eighth leading cause of cancer-related death in the US. Epidemiological and experimental studies strongly suggest a role for 1α,25(OH)2D3 in cancer prevention and treatment. The antitumor activities of 1α,25(OH)2D3 are mediated by the induction of cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, differentiation and the inhibition of angiogenesis and metastasis. miRNAs play important regulatory roles in cancer development and progression. However, the role of 1α,25(OH)2D3 in the regulation of miRNA expression and the potential impact in bladder cancer has not been investigated. Therefore, we studied 1α,25(OH)2D3-regulated miRNA expression profiles in human bladder cancer cell line 253J and the highly tumorigenic and metastatic derivative line 253J-BV by miRNA qPCR panels. 253J and 253J-BV cells express endogenous vitamin D receptor (VDR), which can be further induced by 1α,25(OH)2D3. VDR target gene 24-hydroxylase was induced by 1α,25(OH)2D3 in both cell lines, indicating functional 1α,25(OH)2D3 signaling. The miRNA qPCR panel assay results showed that 253J and 253J-BV cells have distinct miRNA expression profiles. Further, 1α,25(OH)2D3 differentially regulated miRNA expression profiles in 253J and 253J-BV cells in a dynamic manner. Pathway analysis of the miRNA target genes revealed distinct patterns of contribution to the molecular functions and biological processes in the two cell lines. In conclusion, 1α,25(OH)2D3 differentially regulates the expression of miRNAs, which may contribute to distinct biological functions, in human bladder 253J and 253J-BV cells. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled '17th Vitamin D Workshop'.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingyu Ma
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Elm and Carlton Streets, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
| | - Qiang Hu
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Elm and Carlton Streets, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
| | - Wei Luo
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Elm and Carlton Streets, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
| | - Rachel N Pratt
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Elm and Carlton Streets, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
| | - Sean T Glenn
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Elm and Carlton Streets, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
| | - Song Liu
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Elm and Carlton Streets, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
| | - Donald L Trump
- Department of Medicine, Elm and Carlton Streets, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
| | - Candace S Johnson
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Elm and Carlton Streets, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
119
|
Miao P, Wang B, Chen X, Li X, Tang Y. Tetrahedral DNA nanostructure-based microRNA biosensor coupled with catalytic recycling of the analyte. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:6238-6243. [PMID: 25738985 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b01508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs are not only important regulators of a wide range of cellular processes but are also identified as promising disease biomarkers. Due to the low contents in serum, microRNAs are always difficult to detect accurately . In this study, an electrochemical biosensor for ultrasensitive detection of microRNA based on tetrahedral DNA nanostructure is developed. Four DNA single strands are engineered to form a tetrahedral nanostructure with a pendant stem-loop and modified on a gold electrode surface, which largely enhances the molecular recognition efficiency. Moreover, taking advantage of strand displacement polymerization, catalytic recycling of microRNA, and silver nanoparticle-based solid-state Ag/AgCl reaction, the proposed biosensor exhibits high sensitivity with the limit of detection down to 0.4 fM. This biosensor shows great clinical value and may have practical utility in early diagnosis and prognosis of certain diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Miao
- †CAS Key Lab of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, China
- ‡University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bidou Wang
- †CAS Key Lab of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, China
| | - Xifeng Chen
- †CAS Key Lab of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, China
| | - Xiaoxi Li
- §Department of Biochemistry and National Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yuguo Tang
- †CAS Key Lab of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, China
- ‡University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
120
|
|
121
|
You W, Wang Y, Zheng J. Plasma miR-127 and miR-218 Might Serve as Potential Biomarkers for Cervical Cancer. Reprod Sci 2015; 22:1037-41. [PMID: 25701838 DOI: 10.1177/1933719115570902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Cervical cancer, a second common cancer in women, represents a major health care problem. Papanicolaou test, colposcopy, and different types of useful biomarkers are current major methods for detection of cervical cancer. However, these methods have the limitation of invasion, expensive cost, manpower issues, and low accuracy. The aim of this study is to explore the application of 3 plasma micro RNAs (miRNAs; miR-127, miR-205, and miR-218) in detection of cervical cancer. Blood samples were collected from 68 patients with cervical cancer, and plasma was extracted and stored at -80°C freezer until use. RUN6B was selected as an internal control to determine the relative expression levels of 3 miRNAs. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed. The result showed that the expression levels of miR-127 and miR-205 in cervical cancers were higher than that in controls (P < .001); however, there was no marked difference in expression of miR-218 in cervical cancers and controls (P > .05). Therefore, we conducted the receiver-operating characteristic curve analyses for miR-127 and miR-205. The sensitivity and specificity of miR-127 in distinguishing patients with cervical cancer from healthy controls were 75.51% and 83.82%, respectively, with the area under the curve (AUC) of 0.820. MiR-205 showed higher predictive value with an AUC of 0.843, sensitivity of 72.00%, and specificity of 82.35%. In conclusion, we identified the predictive power of 3 plasma miRNAs for cervical cancer, and consequence can be concluded that plasma miR-127 and miR-205 are promising tumor markers for cervical cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weizhi You
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Yugui Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Jizeng Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Liaocheng Third People's Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| |
Collapse
|
122
|
Wei S, Bing Z, Yao Y, Master SR, Gupta P. Higher Expression of miR-182 in Cytology Specimens of High-Grade Urothelial Cell Carcinoma: A Potential Diagnostic Marker. Acta Cytol 2015; 59:109-12. [PMID: 25676538 DOI: 10.1159/000371507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE MicroRNAs (miRs) are short noncoding RNA molecules that posttranscriptionally modulate protein expression. There are distinct miR alterations characterizing urothelial cell carcinoma (UCC) of the urinary bladder. STUDY DESIGN In this study, we investigate the possibility of using miR as a noninvasive marker in the screening of UCC. The total RNA was extracted from 75 cytology specimens including bladder or renal washings and voided urines. Cases comprise UCC (21 high grade and 6 low grade), 25 normal controls and 23 cases with a history of UCC but negative at the time of testing (negative with a positive history). The expressions of miR-96, miR-182, miR-183, miR-200c, miR-21, miR-141 and miR-30b were determined using quantitative TaqMan real-time PCR. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION This study shows that the level of miR-182 is higher in cytology specimens from high-grade UCC patients as compared to normal controls. Measuring miR-182 may provide a potential alternative or adjunct approach for screening high-grade UCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuanzeng Wei
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa., USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
123
|
The route to personalized medicine in bladder cancer: where do we stand? Target Oncol 2015; 10:325-36. [DOI: 10.1007/s11523-015-0357-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
124
|
Kriebel S, Schmidt D, Holdenrieder S, Goltz D, Kristiansen G, Moritz R, Fisang C, Müller SC, Ellinger J. Analysis of tissue and serum microRNA expression in patients with upper urinary tract urothelial cancer. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0117284. [PMID: 25629698 PMCID: PMC4309610 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2014] [Accepted: 12/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction MicroRNAs play an important role in many human malignancies; so far, their expression remains to be studied in upper urinary tract urothelial cancer (UUTUC). Materials and Methods The expression of eleven microRNAs (miR-10a, miR-21, miR-96, miR-135, miR-141, miR-182, miR-200b, miR-205, miR-429, miR-520b, miR-1244) formerly shown to be upregulated in urothelial bladder cancer were studied in corresponding normal and cancerous tissue samples of patients undergoing nephroureterectomy for UUTUC. Upregulated microRNAs were then measured in serum samples of patients with UUTUC and patients with non-malignant urological diseases to evaluate their potential as non-invasive biomarkers for UUTUC. Results MicroRNA expression allowed differentiation of normal and cancerous tissue: miR-21, miR-96, miR-135, miR-141, miR-182, miR-205, miR-429 and miR-520b were significantly overexpressed. Furthermore, miR-205 was upregulated in poorly differentiated UUTUC. The analysis of circulating RNA in serum demonstrated an increase of miR-141 in patients with UUTUC; receiver operator characteristic analysis demonstrated an area under the curve of 0.726 for miR-141 as a diagnostic biomarker. Furthermore, we observed lower levels of miR-10a and miR-135 in UUTUC patients. Conclusions MicroRNA expression is altered in UUTUC. The analysis of circulating miR-141 may be useful to identify patients with UUTUC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Kriebel
- Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie und Kinderurologie, Bonn, Germany
| | - Doris Schmidt
- Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie und Kinderurologie, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Holdenrieder
- Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Institut für Klinische Chemie und Klinische Pharmakologie, Bonn, Germany
| | - Diane Goltz
- Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Institut für Pathologie, Bonn, Germany
| | - Glen Kristiansen
- Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Institut für Pathologie, Bonn, Germany
| | - Rudolf Moritz
- Universitätsklinikum Münster, Klinik für Urologie, Münster, Germany
| | - Christian Fisang
- Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie und Kinderurologie, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan C. Müller
- Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie und Kinderurologie, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jörg Ellinger
- Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie und Kinderurologie, Bonn, Germany
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
125
|
Braicu C, Cojocneanu-Petric R, Chira S, Truta A, Floares A, Petrut B, Achimas-Cadariu P, Berindan-Neagoe I. Clinical and pathological implications of miRNA in bladder cancer. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:791-800. [PMID: 25653521 PMCID: PMC4309789 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s72904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, noncoding RNA species with a length of 20–22 nucleotides that are recognized as essential regulators of relevant molecular mechanisms, including carcinogenesis. Current investigations show that miRNAs are detectable not only in different tissue types but also in a wide range of biological fluids, either free or trapped in circulating microvesicles. miRNAs were proven to be involved in cell communication, both in pathological and physiological processes. Evaluation of the global expression patterns of miRNAs provides key opportunities with important practical applications, taking into account that they modulate essential biological processes such as epithelial to mesenchymal transition, which is a mechanism relevant in bladder cancer. miRNAs collected from biological specimens can furnish valuable evidence with regard to bladder cancer oncogenesis, as they also have been linked to clinical outcomes in urothelial carcinoma. Therefore, a single miRNA or a signature of multiple miRNAs may improve risk stratification of patients and may supplement the histological diagnosis of urological tumors, particularly for bladder cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Braicu
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Roxana Cojocneanu-Petric
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania ; Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Sergiu Chira
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Anamaria Truta
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania ; Department of Medical Genetics, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alexandru Floares
- Solutions of Artificial Intelligence Applications, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Bogdan Petrut
- Department of Urology, The Oncology Institute "Prof Dr. Ion Chiricuta", Cluj-Napoca, Romania ; Department of Urology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Patriciu Achimas-Cadariu
- Department of Surgery, The Oncology Institute "Prof Dr. Ion Chiricuta", Cluj-Napoca, Romania ; Department of Surgical Oncology and Gynaecological Oncology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania ; Department of Immunology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania ; Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute "Prof Dr. Ion Chiricuta", Cluj-Napoca, Romania ; Department of Experimental Therapeutics M.D. Anderson Cancer Center Houston, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
126
|
Fischbach A, Rogler A, Erber R, Stoehr R, Poulsom R, Heidenreich A, Schneevoigt BS, Hauke S, Hartmann A, Knuechel R, Veeck J, Gaisa NT. Fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) gene amplifications are rare events in bladder cancer. Histopathology 2015; 66:639-49. [DOI: 10.1111/his.12473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Fischbach
- Institute of Pathology; RWTH Aachen University; Aachen Germany
| | - Anja Rogler
- Institute of Pathology; University Hospital Erlangen; Erlangen Germany
| | - Ramona Erber
- Institute of Pathology; University Hospital Erlangen; Erlangen Germany
| | - Robert Stoehr
- Institute of Pathology; University Hospital Erlangen; Erlangen Germany
| | - Richard Poulsom
- Molecular Pathology Facility; National Centre for Bowel Research and Surgical Innovation; Centre for Digestive Diseases; Blizard Institute; Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry; Queen Mary University of London; London UK
| | | | | | | | - Arndt Hartmann
- Institute of Pathology; University Hospital Erlangen; Erlangen Germany
| | - Ruth Knuechel
- Institute of Pathology; RWTH Aachen University; Aachen Germany
| | - Jürgen Veeck
- Institute of Pathology; RWTH Aachen University; Aachen Germany
| | - Nadine T Gaisa
- Institute of Pathology; RWTH Aachen University; Aachen Germany
| |
Collapse
|
127
|
Abstract
Molecular biomarkers are used routinely in the clinical management of several tumours such as prostate, colon, ovarian and pancreatic cancer but management decisions in bladder cancer remain dependent on clinical and pathological criteria, which are limited in their ability to predict outcomes. Molecular markers are urgently needed in detection, surveillance and prognostication of bladder cancer as well as to predict treatment response to intravesical and systemic therapies. Advances in cancer genomics and platforms for biomarker profiling have led to a plethora of biomarkers, which must now be rigorously validated in the clinical setting. Pre-clinical and clinical studies exploring the role of emerging targeted therapies to risk stratify and reduce cancer progression are also needed.
Collapse
|
128
|
Mahdavinezhad A, Mousavi-Bahar SH, Poorolajal J, Yadegarazari R, Jafari M, Shabab N, Saidijam M. Evaluation of miR-141, miR-200c, miR-30b Expression and Clinicopathological Features of Bladder Cancer. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR MEDICINE 2015; 4:32-9. [PMID: 25815280 PMCID: PMC4359703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2014] [Revised: 11/22/2014] [Accepted: 12/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) ranks the second most common genitourinary tract malignant tumor with high mortality and 70% recurrence rate worldwide. MiRNAs expression has noticeable role in bladder tumorigenesis. The purpose of this study was to assess miR-200c, miR-30b and miR-141 in tissue samples of patients with BC and healthy adjacent tissue samples and their association with muscle invasion, grade and the size of the tumor. Transurethral resection tissue samples were collected from thirty- five newly diagnosed untreated patients with BC from 2013 to 2014. The control group consisted of adjacent normal urothelium. All samples, observed by two pathologists, were diagnosed transitional cell carcinomas (TCC) with the proportion of tumor cells greater than 80%. Total RNA including miRNAs was extracted from about 50 mg tissue samples by applying TRIzol reagent. 2((-ΔΔ CT)) method was used to calculate relative quantification of miRNA expression. Two of 35 patients were females and the other 33 were males. Invasion to bladder muscle was observed in 13 (37%) cases. MiR-141, miR-200-c and miR30-b were up-regulated in 91%, 79% and 64% of malignant tissues, respectively. Down-regulation of miR-141 had a strong association with muscle invasion (P= 0.017). Significant inverse correlation between grading and miRNA-141 level was observed (P= 0.043).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mahdavinezhad
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| | | | - Jalal Poorolajal
- Research Center for Modeling of Non-communicable Diseases, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| | - Reza Yadegarazari
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Jafari
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| | - Nooshin Shabab
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| | - Massoud Saidijam
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.,Corresponding author: Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
129
|
Jou AFJ, Lu CH, Ou YC, Wang SS, Hsu SL, Willner I, Ho JAA. Diagnosing the miR-141 prostate cancer biomarker using nucleic acid-functionalized CdSe/ZnS QDs and telomerase. Chem Sci 2015; 6:659-665. [PMID: 28706633 PMCID: PMC5491954 DOI: 10.1039/c4sc02104e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The microRNA, miR-141, is a promising biomarker for prostate cancer. We implement here a two-step sensing platform for the sensitive detection of miR-141. The first step involves the use of semiconductor CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) modified by FRET quencher-functionalized nucleic acids, that include the recognition sequence for miR-141 and a telomerase primer sequence for the second step of the analytical platform. Subjecting the probe-modified QDs to miR-141, in the presence of duplex specific nuclease, DSN, leads to the formation of a miR-141/probe duplex and to its DSN-mediated cleavage, while regenerating the miR-141. The DSN-induced cleavage of the quencher units leads to the activation of the fluorescence of the QDs, thus allowing the optical detection of miR-141 with a sensitivity corresponding to 1.0 × 10-12 M. The nucleic acid residues associated with the QDs after cleavage of the probe nucleic acids by DSN act as primers for telomerase. The subsequent telomerase/dNTPs-stimulated elongation of the primer units forms G-quadruplex telomer chains. Incorporation of hemin in the resulting G-quadruplex telomer chains yields horseradish peroxidase-mimicking DNAzyme units, that catalyze the generation of chemiluminescence in the presence of luminol/H2O2. The resulting chemiluminescence intensities provide a readout signal for miR-141, DL = 2.8 × 10-13 M. The first step of the sensing platform is non-selective toward miR-141 and the resulting fluorescence may be considered only as an indicator for the existence of miR-141. The second step in the sensing protocol, involving telomerase, provides a selective chemiluminescence signal for the existence of miR-141. The two-step sensing platform is implemented for the analysis of miR-141 in serum samples from healthy individuals and prostate cancer carriers. Impressive discrimination between healthy individuals and prostate cancer carriers is demonstrated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amily Fang-Ju Jou
- BioAnalytical Chemistry and Nanobiomedicine Laboratory , Department of Biochemical Science & Technology , National Taiwan University , Taipei 10617 , Taiwan .
| | - Chun-Hua Lu
- Institute of Chemistry , The Hebrew University of Jerusalem , Jerusalem 91904 , Israel .
| | - Yen-Chuan Ou
- VACRS Division of Urology , Department of Surgery , Taichung Veterans General Hospital , Taichung 40705 , Taiwan .
| | - Shian-Shiang Wang
- VACRS Division of Urology , Department of Surgery , Taichung Veterans General Hospital , Taichung 40705 , Taiwan .
| | - Shih-Lan Hsu
- Department of Education and Research , Taichung Veterans General Hospital , Taichung 40705 , Taiwan
| | - Itamar Willner
- Institute of Chemistry , The Hebrew University of Jerusalem , Jerusalem 91904 , Israel .
| | - Ja-An Annie Ho
- BioAnalytical Chemistry and Nanobiomedicine Laboratory , Department of Biochemical Science & Technology , National Taiwan University , Taipei 10617 , Taiwan .
| |
Collapse
|
130
|
Knowles MA, Hurst CD. Molecular biology of bladder cancer: new insights into pathogenesis and clinical diversity. Nat Rev Cancer 2015; 15:25-41. [PMID: 25533674 DOI: 10.1038/nrc3817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 804] [Impact Index Per Article: 89.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Urothelial carcinoma of the bladder comprises two long-recognized disease entities with distinct molecular features and clinical outcome. Low-grade non-muscle-invasive tumours recur frequently but rarely progress to muscle invasion, whereas muscle-invasive tumours are usually diagnosed de novo and frequently metastasize. Recent genome-wide expression and sequencing studies identify genes and pathways that are key drivers of urothelial cancer and reveal a more complex picture with multiple molecular subclasses that traverse conventional grade and stage groupings. This improved understanding of molecular features, disease pathogenesis and heterogeneity provides new opportunities for prognostic application, disease monitoring and personalized therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margaret A Knowles
- Section of Experimental Oncology, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, St James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Carolyn D Hurst
- Section of Experimental Oncology, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, St James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
| |
Collapse
|
131
|
Morais DR, Reis ST, Viana N, Piantino CB, Massoco C, Moura C, Dip N, Silva IA, Srougi M, Leite KR. The involvement of miR-100 in bladder urothelial carcinogenesis changing the expression levels of mRNA and proteins of genes related to cell proliferation, survival, apoptosis and chromosomal stability. Cancer Cell Int 2014; 14:119. [PMID: 25493074 PMCID: PMC4260205 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-014-0119-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction MicroRNAs (miRNA) are small non-coding RNAs that play an important role in the control of gene expression by inhibiting protein translation or promoting messenger RNA degradation. Today, miRNAs have been shown to be involved in various physiological and pathological cellular processes, including cancer, where they can act as oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes. Recently, lowered expression of miR-100, resulting in upregulation of FGFR3, has been correlated with low-grade, non-invasive bladder urothelial cancer, as an alternative oncogenesis pathway to the typical FGFR3 gene mutation. Our aim is to analyze the role of miR-100 in bladder cancer cell lines in controlling the expression of some of its possible target genes, including FGFR3 and its relationship with proliferation, apoptosis and DNA ploidy. Methods The bladder cancer cell lines RT4 and T24 were transfected with pre-miR 100, anti-miR 100 and their respective controls using a lipid-based formulation. After transfection mRNA and protein levels of its supposed target genes THAP2, BAZ2A, mTOR, SMARCA5 and FGFR3 were analyzed by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blotting. Cell proliferation, apoptosis and DNA ploidy were analyzed by flow cytometry. For statistical analysis, a t-test was applied, p < 0.05 was considered significant. Results After miR-100 transfection, there was a significant reduction in the mRNA of mTOR (p = 0.006), SMARCA5 (p = 0.007) and BAZ2A (p = 0.029) in RT4, mTOR (p = 0.023) and SMARCA5 (p = 0.015) in T24. There was a reduction in the expression of all proteins, variable from 22.5% to 57.1% in both cell lines. In T24 miR-100 promoted an increase in cell proliferation and anti-miR 100 promoted apoptosis characterizing miR-100 as an oncomiR in this cell line representative of a high-grade urothelial carcinoma. Conclusion miR-100 transfection reduces expression of BAZ2A, mTOR and SMARCA5 mRNA and protein in BC cell lines. miR-100 would be classified as an oncomiR in T24 cells representative of high grade urothelial carcinoma promoting increase in cell proliferation and reduction in apoptosis. The knowledge of miRNA role in tumors will allow their use as tumor markers and targets for new therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Denis R Morais
- Laboratory of Medical Research, Department of Urology - LIM55, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil ; Department of Pathology, University of Sao Paulo Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sabrina T Reis
- Laboratory of Medical Research, Department of Urology - LIM55, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nayara Viana
- Laboratory of Medical Research, Department of Urology - LIM55, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila Berfort Piantino
- Laboratory of Medical Research, Department of Urology - LIM55, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristina Massoco
- Department of Pathology, University of Sao Paulo Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Caio Moura
- Laboratory of Medical Research, Department of Urology - LIM55, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nelson Dip
- Laboratory of Medical Research, Department of Urology - LIM55, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Iran A Silva
- Laboratory of Medical Research, Department of Urology - LIM55, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Miguel Srougi
- Laboratory of Medical Research, Department of Urology - LIM55, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Katia Rm Leite
- Laboratory of Medical Research, Department of Urology - LIM55, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
132
|
Dip N, Reis ST, Viana NI, Morais DR, Moura CM, Katz B, Abe DK, Iscaife A, Silva IA, Srougi M, Leite KRM. MiRNA in bladder carcinogenesis: A review. World J Clin Urol 2014; 3:238-248. [DOI: 10.5410/wjcu.v3.i3.238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Revised: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/31/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is the second urological malignancy in incidence, currently being one of the most neoplasms studied with profile and biology poorly defined. In the world, BC is responsible by about 386000 new cases and 150000 deaths annually with considerable economic impact and high costs for health systems. After its discovery more than 20 years, micro RNAs (miRNAs) have been recognized as molecules that work specifically in post-transcriptional control in majority of eukaryote genomes. MiRNAs are a family of small non-coding RNAs of 19-25 nucleotides in length, expressed in a wide variety of organisms, comprising plants, worms and mammals, including humans. They have a fundamental role in physiological and pathological processes in organs and tissues in a context-dependent manner. This review brings new roles of protective and oncogenic miRNAs linked to carcinogenesis of urothelial carcinoma of the bladder, and associated with behavior of disease. Many studies have demonstrated promising roles of miRNAs working as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers or involved in target therapies, consolidating miRNAs as crucial players in human cancer. This review allowed a reflection about the true functions of miRNAs in bladder carcinogenesis. Not only by their wide capacities of action, but also by abilities in define the cell date. The future of anti-tumor target therapies will be based not in one, but in groups of miRNAs working together in several steps of carcinogenic process, being able to identify the disease, predicting behavior and effectively treat bladder cancer.
Collapse
|
133
|
Drayton RM, Rehman I, Clarke R, Zhao Z, Pang K, Miah S, Stoehr R, Hartmann A, Blizard S, Lavin M, Bryant HE, Martens-Uzunova ES, Jenster G, Hamdy FC, Gardiner RA, Catto JWF. Identification and diagnostic performance of a small RNA within the PCA3 and BMCC1 gene locus that potentially targets mRNA. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2014; 24:268-75. [PMID: 25392181 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-14-0377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND PCA3 is a long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) with unknown function, upregulated in prostate cancer. LncRNAs may be processed into smaller active species. We hypothesized this for PCA3. METHODS We computed feasible RNA hairpins within the BMCC1 gene (encompassing PCA3) and searched a prostate transcriptome for these. We measured expression using qRT-PCR in three cohorts of prostate cancer tissues (n = 60), exfoliated urinary cells (n = 484 with cancer and n = 166 controls), and in cell lines (n = 22). We used in silico predictions and RNA knockup to identify potential mRNA targets of short transcribed RNAs. RESULTS We predicted 13 hairpins, of which PCA3-shRNA2 was most abundant within the prostate transcriptome. PCA3-shRNA2 is located within intron 1 of PCA3 and appears regulated by androgens. Expression of PCA3-shRNA2 was upregulated in malignant prostatic tissues, exfoliated urinary cells from men with prostate cancer (13-273 fold change; t test P < 0.003), and closely correlated to PCA3 expression (r = 0.84-0.93; P < 0.001). Urinary PCA3-shRNA2 (C-index, 0.75-0.81) and PCA3 (C-index, 0.78) could predict the presence of cancer in most men. PCA3-shRNA2 knockup altered the expression of predicted target mRNAs, including COPS2, SOX11, WDR48, TEAD1, and Noggin. PCA3-shRNA2 expression was negatively correlated with COPS2 in patient samples (r = -0.32; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION We identified a short RNA within PCA3, whose expression is correlated to PCA3, which may target mRNAs implicated in prostate biology. IMPACT This short RNA is stable ex vivo, suggesting a role as a robust biomarker. We identify cytoplasmic enrichment of this RNA and potential targeting of mRNAs implicated in prostate carcinogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ross M Drayton
- Academic Urology Unit and Academic Unit of Molecular Oncology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Ishtiaq Rehman
- Academic Urology Unit and Academic Unit of Molecular Oncology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Raymond Clarke
- Department of Urology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Zhongming Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee. Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Karl Pang
- Academic Urology Unit and Academic Unit of Molecular Oncology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Saiful Miah
- Academic Urology Unit and Academic Unit of Molecular Oncology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Stoehr
- Department of Pathology, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Arndt Hartmann
- Department of Pathology, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sheila Blizard
- Academic Urology Unit and Academic Unit of Molecular Oncology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Lavin
- Department of Urology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Helen E Bryant
- Academic Urology Unit and Academic Unit of Molecular Oncology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | | | - Guido Jenster
- Department of Urology, Josephine Nefkens Institute, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Freddie C Hamdy
- Nuffield Department of Surgery, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Robert A Gardiner
- Department of Urology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - James W F Catto
- Academic Urology Unit and Academic Unit of Molecular Oncology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
134
|
Ou H, Li Y, Kang M. Activation of miR-21 by STAT3 induces proliferation and suppresses apoptosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma by targeting PTEN gene. PLoS One 2014; 9:e109929. [PMID: 25365510 PMCID: PMC4217720 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Accepted: 09/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study is to investigate the role of microRNA-21 (miR-21) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and the mechanisms of regulation of PTEN by miR-21. Fifty-four tissue samples were collected from 42 patients with NPC and 12 healthy controls. Human NPC cell lines CNE-1, CNE-2, TWO3 and C666-1 were used for cell assays. To investigate the expression of miR-21, RT-PCR was employed. RT-PCR, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry were used to measure the expression of STAT3 mRNA and STAT3 protein. To test the effect of miR-21 on the cell growth and apoptosis of NPC cells in vitro, transfection of CNE1 and CNE2 cell lines and flow cytometry were performed. TUNEL assay was used to detect DNA fragmentation. To validate whether miR-21 directly recognizes the 3'-UTRs of PTEN mRNA, luciferase reporter assay was employed. miR-21 expression was increased in NPC tissues compared with control and the same result was found in NPC cell lines. Notably, increased expression of miR-21 was directly related to advanced clinical stage and lymph node metastasis. STAT3, a transcription factor activated by IL-6, directly activated miR-21 in transformed NPC cell lines. Furthermore, miR-21 markedly inhibited PTEN tumor suppressor, leading to increased AKT activity. Both in vitro and in vivo assays revealed that miR-21 enhanced NPC cell proliferation and suppressed apoptosis. miR-21, activated by STAT3, induced proliferation and suppressed apoptosis in NPC by targeting PTEN-AKT pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hesheng Ou
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning City, Guangxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Yumei Li
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning City, Guangxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Min Kang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning City, Guangxi Province, P.R. China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
135
|
Li R, Jia Y, Zou H, Zhao R. Breed-specific expression ofDROSHA, DICERandAGO2is regulated by glucocorticoid-mediated miRNAs in the liver of newborn piglets. Anim Genet 2014; 45:817-26. [DOI: 10.1111/age.12232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Runsheng Li
- 1 Weigang; Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing 210095 China
| | - Yimin Jia
- 1 Weigang; Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing 210095 China
| | - Huafeng Zou
- 1 Weigang; Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing 210095 China
| | - Ruqian Zhao
- 1 Weigang; Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing 210095 China
| |
Collapse
|
136
|
Fang J, Huang Z, Chen X. WITHDRAWN: MiR-127 and miR-218 detection in plasma might serve as potential biomarkers of cervical cancer. Pharmacotherapy 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2014.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
137
|
Sung JY, Sun JM, Chang Jeong B, Il Seo S, Soo Jeon S, Moo Lee H, Yong Choi H, Young Kang S, Choi YL, Young Kwon G. FGFR3 overexpression is prognostic of adverse outcome for muscle-invasive bladder carcinoma treated with adjuvant chemotherapy. Urol Oncol 2014; 32:49.e23-31. [PMID: 24360661 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2013.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2013] [Revised: 07/25/2013] [Accepted: 07/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alterations in fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of urothelial carcinoma. However, its clinicopathological significance has not been clearly established, especially in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). OBJECTIVES The aim of our study was to investigate the mutation and overexpression of FGFR3 in MIBC cases from radical cystectomy and to analyze the prognostic and predictive significance in the groups with or without adjuvant chemotherapy. METHODS AND MATERIALS Study cohorts included 72 cases of MIBC including 42 patients who were treated with adjuvant chemotherapy. The mutation status of FGFR3 exons 7, 10, and 15 was investigated and protein expression was evaluated. The findings were analyzed for the association with relevant clinicopathological findings. RESULTS FGFR3 mutations were found in 7 patients (9.7%) and were correlated with a pattern of papillary growth, moderate histologic grade (G2 vs. G3), and moderately advanced TNM stage (II-III vs. IV). FGFR3 protein overexpression was detected in 33 cases (45.8%) but was not associated with the relevant clinicopathological parameters. In patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy, FGFR3 overexpression was correlated with shorter disease-free survival (P = 0.067, 95% confidence interval: 14.8-29.6, marginal significance) and overall survival (P = 0.035), remaining as a significant independent prognostic factor for disease-free survival and overall survival in multivariate analysis using Cox proportional hazards model. In patients without adjuvant chemotherapy, FGFR3 mutation or overexpression did not have prognostic significance in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION We report the FGFR3 alterations in MIBCs, and discuss their biological implication in subsets of patients. FGFR3 overexpression was predictive of adverse outcome in patients with adjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy after radical cystectomy. The utility of FGFR3 as a therapeutic target is suggested.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Youn Sung
- Department of Pathology, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Mu Sun
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byong Chang Jeong
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Il Seo
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Soo Jeon
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Moo Lee
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Yong Choi
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - So Young Kang
- Department of Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-La Choi
- Department of Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ghee Young Kwon
- Department of Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
138
|
|
139
|
Peter S, Borkowska E, Drayton RM, Rakhit CP, Noon A, Chen W, Catto JW. Identification of differentially expressed long noncoding RNAs in bladder cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2014; 20:5311-21. [PMID: 25165097 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-0706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Loss of epigenetic gene regulation through altered long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) expression seems important in human cancer. LncRNAs have diagnostic and therapeutic potential, and offer insights into the biology disease, but little is known of their expression in urothelial cancer. Here, we identify differentially expressed lncRNAs with potential regulatory functions in urothelial cancer. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The expression of 17,112 lncRNAs and 22,074 mRNAs was determined using microarrays in 83 normal and malignant urothelial (discovery) samples and selected RNAs with qPCR in 138 samples for validation. Significantly differentially expressed RNAs were identified and stratified according to tumor phenotype. siRNA knockdown, functional assays, and whole-genome transcriptomic profiling were used to identify potential roles of selected lncRNAs. RESULTS We observed upregulation of many lncRNAs in urothelial cancer that was distinct to corresponding, more balanced changes for mRNAs. In general, lncRNA expression reflected disease phenotype. We identified 32 lncRNAs with potential roles in disease progression. Focusing upon a promising candidate, we implicate upregulation of AB074278 in apoptosis avoidance and the maintenance of a proproliferative state in cancer through a potential interaction with EMP1, a tumor suppressor and a negative regulator of cell proliferation. CONCLUSIONS We report differential expression profiles for numerous lncRNA in urothelial cancer. We identify phenotype-specific expression and a potential mechanistic target to explain this observation. Further studies are required to validate lncRNAs as prognostic biomarkers in this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Peter
- Academic Urology Unit and Unit of Molecular Oncology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Edyta Borkowska
- Academic Urology Unit and Unit of Molecular Oncology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Ross M Drayton
- Academic Urology Unit and Unit of Molecular Oncology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Callum P Rakhit
- Academic Urology Unit and Unit of Molecular Oncology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Aidan Noon
- Academic Urology Unit and Unit of Molecular Oncology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom. Department of Urology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Wei Chen
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - James Wf Catto
- Academic Urology Unit and Unit of Molecular Oncology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
140
|
Borkowska EM, Kruk A, Jedrzejczyk A, Rozniecki M, Jablonowski Z, Traczyk M, Constantinou M, Banaszkiewicz M, Pietrusinski M, Sosnowski M, Hamdy FC, Peter S, Catto JWF, Kaluzewski B. Molecular subtyping of bladder cancer using Kohonen self-organizing maps. Cancer Med 2014; 3:1225-34. [PMID: 25142434 PMCID: PMC4302672 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Revised: 12/22/2013] [Accepted: 01/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Kohonen self-organizing maps (SOMs) are unsupervised Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) that are good for low-density data visualization. They easily deal with complex and nonlinear relationships between variables. We evaluated molecular events that characterize high- and low-grade BC pathways in the tumors from 104 patients. We compared the ability of statistical clustering with a SOM to stratify tumors according to the risk of progression to more advanced disease. In univariable analysis, tumor stage (log rank P = 0.006) and grade (P < 0.001), HPV DNA (P < 0.004), Chromosome 9 loss (P = 0.04) and the A148T polymorphism (rs 3731249) in CDKN2A (P = 0.02) were associated with progression. Multivariable analysis of these parameters identified that tumor grade (Cox regression, P = 0.001, OR.2.9 (95% CI 1.6–5.2)) and the presence of HPV DNA (P = 0.017, OR 3.8 (95% CI 1.3–11.4)) were the only independent predictors of progression. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering grouped the tumors into discreet branches but did not stratify according to progression free survival (log rank P = 0.39). These genetic variables were presented to SOM input neurons. SOMs are suitable for complex data integration, allow easy visualization of outcomes, and may stratify BC progression more robustly than hierarchical clustering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edyta M Borkowska
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Medical University of Lodz, 3 Sterlinga Street, Lodz, 91-425, Poland; Institute for Cancer Studies and Academic Urology Unit, University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, S10 2RX, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
141
|
Feng Y, Liu J, Kang Y, He Y, Liang B, Yang P, Yu Z. miR-19a acts as an oncogenic microRNA and is up-regulated in bladder cancer. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2014. [PMID: 25107371 PMCID: PMC4237814 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-014-0067-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background The application of microRNAs (miRNAs) as potential biomarkers and therapy targets has been widely investigated in many kinds of cancers. The discovery of tumor associated miRNAs in serum of patients supported the use of plasma/serum miRNAs as noninvasive means of cancer detection. However, the aberrant expression of miRNAs in bladder cancer patients and their intensive roles and mechanisms in bladder cancer are poorly understood. Methods Taqman probe stem-loop real-time PCR was used to accurately measure the levels of miR-19a in bladder cancer cell lines, 100 pairs of bladder cancer tissues and the adjacent non-neoplastic tissues and also the plasma collected from bladder cancer patients and normal controls. miR-19a mimics and inhibitors were transfected into bladder cancer cells to investigate its role on regulating cell proliferation which was measured by CCK-8 and colony formation assay. The target of miR-19a was identified by western blot and whether its regulatory role depends on its target was improved by a rescue experiment with miR-19a mimic and PTEN expression plasmid. Results miR-19a was significantly up-regulated in bladder cancer tissues and high-level of miR-19a was correlative with more aggressive phenotypes of bladder cancer. Meanwhile, gain or loss of function of miR-19a demonstrated that miR-19a can promote cell growth of bladder cancer cells and the further mechanism studies indicated that its oncogenic role was dependent on targeting PTEN. Furthermore, investigation of miR-19a expression in the plasma of bladder cancer patients showed that miR-19a was also increased in plasma of bladder cancer patients which strongly supported miR-19a could be developed as potential diagnostic marker of bladder cancer. Conclusions Our data indicated that miR-19a might act as an oncogenic microRNA in bladder cancer and was significantly up-regulated in bladder cancer carcinogenesis. The oncogenic role of miR19a in bladder cancer was dependent on targeting PTEN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yougang Feng
- Department of Urology, Suining Central Hospital, 127 Deshengxi Road, Chuanshan District, Suining 629000, P R China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
142
|
miR-19a acts as an oncogenic microRNA and is up-regulated in bladder cancer. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2014; 33:67. [PMID: 25107371 DOI: 10.1186/preaccept-9242556491295527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The application of microRNAs (miRNAs) as potential biomarkers and therapy targets has been widely investigated in many kinds of cancers. The discovery of tumor associated miRNAs in serum of patients supported the use of plasma/serum miRNAs as noninvasive means of cancer detection. However, the aberrant expression of miRNAs in bladder cancer patients and their intensive roles and mechanisms in bladder cancer are poorly understood. METHODS Taqman probe stem-loop real-time PCR was used to accurately measure the levels of miR-19a in bladder cancer cell lines, 100 pairs of bladder cancer tissues and the adjacent non-neoplastic tissues and also the plasma collected from bladder cancer patients and normal controls. miR-19a mimics and inhibitors were transfected into bladder cancer cells to investigate its role on regulating cell proliferation which was measured by CCK-8 and colony formation assay. The target of miR-19a was identified by western blot and whether its regulatory role depends on its target was improved by a rescue experiment with miR-19a mimic and PTEN expression plasmid. RESULTS miR-19a was significantly up-regulated in bladder cancer tissues and high-level of miR-19a was correlative with more aggressive phenotypes of bladder cancer. Meanwhile, gain or loss of function of miR-19a demonstrated that miR-19a can promote cell growth of bladder cancer cells and the further mechanism studies indicated that its oncogenic role was dependent on targeting PTEN. Furthermore, investigation of miR-19a expression in the plasma of bladder cancer patients showed that miR-19a was also increased in plasma of bladder cancer patients which strongly supported miR-19a could be developed as potential diagnostic marker of bladder cancer. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicated that miR-19a might act as an oncogenic microRNA in bladder cancer and was significantly up-regulated in bladder cancer carcinogenesis. The oncogenic role of miR19a in bladder cancer was dependent on targeting PTEN.
Collapse
|
143
|
Chen XN, Wang KF, Xu ZQ, Li SJ, Liu Q, Fu DH, Wang X, Wu B. MiR-133b regulates bladder cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis by targeting Bcl-w and Akt1. Cancer Cell Int 2014; 14:70. [PMID: 25414595 PMCID: PMC4238049 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-014-0070-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background MiR-133b is a muscle-specific microRNA; it has a role in the formation of cardiocytes and the expression of myocardium ion channels by regulating target genes. Many human malignant tumors demonstrate a low expression of miR-133b, as noted in colorectal, lung, esophagus and bladder cancers, but the role of miR-133b in bladder cancer is unknown. Methods The expression of miR-133b in clinical bladder cancer specimens and adjacent normal tissues was confirmed by stem-loop RT-PCR. We also analyzed the relationship between miR-133b expression and clinicopathological factors of bladder cancer. Bcl-w and Akt1 protein expression in 41 bladder cancer specimens and adjacent normal tissues was detected by Western blot. After transfection of miR-133b mimics or inhibitor into a T24 human bladder cancer cell line, Bcl-w and Akt1 protein and mRNA expression were examined by Western blot and RT-PCR, respectively. The effect of miR-133b on T24 cell proliferation and apoptosis was measured by CCK-8 tests and flow cytometry, respectively. Results The expression of miR-133b in bladder cancer tissues from 41 patients was significantly down-regulated (P < 0.01); low expression of miR-133b was strongly associated with high-grade bladder cancer (P < 0.01). Bcl-w and Akt1 proteins were significantly overexpressed in bladder cancer tissues versus adjacent normal tissues (P < 0.01 for both). The expression of Akt1 and Bcl-w proteins and Akt1 mRNA, in T24 cells was significantly down-regulated or up-regulated after transfection of miR-133b mimics or inhibitor, respectively; however, there was no significant difference in Bcl-w mRNA expression. Transfection of HEK-293 T cells with miR-133b significantly suppressed a luciferase-reporter containing the Bcl-w or Akt 1 3′-untranslated regions. MiR-133b mimics significantly inhibited T24 cell proliferation, as well as increased T24 cell apoptosis (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively) while the miR-133b inhibitor increased and decreased these, respectively (P < 0.05 for both). Conclusions MiR-133b may play a very important role in the proliferation and apoptosis of T24 cells by regulating the expression of Bcl-w and Akt1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Nan Chen
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 11004, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Ke-Feng Wang
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 11004, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Zhen-Qun Xu
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 11004, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Shi-Jie Li
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 11004, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 11004, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Hui Fu
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 11004, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 11004, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 11004, Liaoning, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
144
|
Feng Y, Kang Y, He Y, Liu J, Liang B, Yang P, Yu Z. microRNA-99a acts as a tumor suppressor and is down-regulated in bladder cancer. BMC Urol 2014; 14:50. [PMID: 24957100 PMCID: PMC4083872 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2490-14-50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing evidences have documented that microRNAs (miRNAs) act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors in a variety types of cancer. The discovery of tumor associated miRNAs in serum of patients gives rise to extensive investigation of circulating miRNAs in many human cancers which support the use of plasma/serum miRNAs as noninvasive means of cancer detection. However, the aberrant expression of miRNAs and the circulating miRNAs in bladder cancer are less reported. METHODS We used Taqman probe stem-loop real-time PCR to accurately measure the levels of miR-99a in bladder cancer cell lines, 100 pairs of bladder cancer tissues, the adjacent non-neoplastic tissues and plasma collected from bladder cancer patients or control patients. miR-99a mimics were re-introduced into bladder cancer cells to investigate its role on regulating cell proliferation which was measured by CCK-8 assay and cell cycle analysis. RESULTS miR-99a was significantly down-regulated in bladder cancer tissues, and even the lower expression of miR-99a was correlative with the more aggressive phenotypes of bladder cancer. Meanwhile, enforced expression of miR-99a can inhibit the cell proliferation of bladder cancer cells. Furthermore, investigation of the expression of miR-99a in plasma of bladder cancer patients showed that miR-99a was also decreased in plasma of bladder cancer patients. The results strongly supported miR-99a as the potential diagnostic marker of bladder cancer. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicated that miR-99a might act as a tumor suppressor in bladder cancer and was significantly down-regulated in development of bladder cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yongming Kang
- Department of Urology, Suining Central Hospital, 127 Deshengxi Road, Suining, Chuanshan District 629000, P,R, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
145
|
Tsai TF, Lin YC, Chen HE, Chou KY, Lin JF, Hwang TIS. Involvement of the insulin-like growth factor I receptor and its downstream antiapoptotic signaling pathway is revealed by dysregulated microRNAs in bladder carcinoma. UROLOGICAL SCIENCE 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urols.2014.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
|
146
|
Noncoding RNA-related polymorphisms in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia susceptibility. Pediatr Res 2014; 75:767-73. [PMID: 24618566 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2014.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 01/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence for an inherited genetic risk for pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia has been provided in several studies. Most of them focused on coding regions. However, those regions represent only 1.5% of the entire genome. In acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), it has been suggested that the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) is dysregulated, which suggests that they may have a role in ALL risk. Changes in miRNA function may occur through single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether polymorphisms in pre-miRNAs, and/or miRNA-processing genes, contribute to a predisposition for childhood ALL. METHODS In this study, we analyzed 118 SNPs in pre-miRNAs and miRNA-processing genes in 213 B-cell ALL patients and 387 controls. RESULTS We found 11 SNPs significantly associated with ALL susceptibility. These included three SNPs present in miRNA genes (miR-612, miR-499, and miR-449b) and eight SNPs present in six miRNA biogenesis pathway genes (TNRC6B, DROSHA, DGCR8, EIF2C1, CNOT1, and CNOT6). Among the 118 SNPs analyzed, rs12803915 in mir-612 and rs3746444 in mir-499 exhibited a more significant association, with a P value <0.01. CONCLUSION The results of this study indicate that SNP rs12803915 located in pre-mir-612, and SNP rs3746444 located in pre-mir-499, may represent novel markers of B-cell ALL susceptibility.
Collapse
|
147
|
Abstract
Aim: Specific miRNA profiles have been identified for several samples from patients with bladder cancer. The results are not always congruent and partly contradictory. A comparison of published data was performed to select potential markers. Materials & methods: A literature search in PubMed identified 79 articles published prior to June 2013. Reports regarding the detection of miRNAs in urine and blood have rarely been published; to date, nine respectively three articles are available. Results: The comparison of published data proved the utility of miRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic indicators of bladder cancer. In urine samples from bladder cancer patients, seven miRNAs were concordantly expressed with tumor tissues. Conclusion: Standardization is strictly required in pre-analytics and methods of miRNA measurements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angelika Tölle
- Department of Urology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nadine Ratert
- Department of Urology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute for Urologic Research, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Klaus Jung
- Department of Urology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute for Urologic Research, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
148
|
Jin H, Wang N, Wang C, Qin W. MicroRNAs in hypoxia and acidic tumor microenvironment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11434-014-0273-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
149
|
Izquierdo L, Ingelmo-Torres M, Mallofré C, Lozano JJ, Verhasselt-Crinquette M, Leroy X, Colin P, Comperat E, Roupret M, Alcaraz A, Mengual L. Prognostic value of microRNA expression pattern in upper tract urothelial carcinoma. BJU Int 2014; 113:813-21. [DOI: 10.1111/bju.12551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Izquierdo
- Department and Laboratory of Urology; Hospital Clinic; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS); University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - Mercedes Ingelmo-Torres
- Department and Laboratory of Urology; Hospital Clinic; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS); University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - Carmen Mallofré
- Department of Pathology; Hospital Clinic; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS); University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - Juan José Lozano
- CIBERehd; Plataforma de Bioinformática; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas; Hospital Clínic; Barcelona Spain
| | | | - Xavier Leroy
- Department of Pathology; Biology-Pathology Centre; CHRU Lille; University of Lille Nord de France
| | - Pierre Colin
- Department of Urology; Hôpital Privé de la Louvière; Général de Santé; Lille
| | - Eva Comperat
- Department of Pathology; Pitié Salpétrière Hospital; Faculty of Medicine Pierre and Marie Curie; University of Paris VI; Paris France
| | - Morgan Roupret
- Department of Urology; Pitié Salpétrière Hospital; Faculty of Medicine Pierre and Marie Curie; University of Paris VI; Paris France
| | - Antonio Alcaraz
- Department and Laboratory of Urology; Hospital Clinic; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS); University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - Lourdes Mengual
- Department and Laboratory of Urology; Hospital Clinic; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS); University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| |
Collapse
|
150
|
Affiliation(s)
- Saiful Miah
- Department of Urology; Royal Hallamshire Hospital; Sheffield UK
| | - Karl Pang
- Academic Urology Unit; University of Sheffield Medical School; Sheffield UK
| | - James W.F. Catto
- Department of Urology; Royal Hallamshire Hospital; Sheffield UK
- Academic Urology Unit; University of Sheffield Medical School; Sheffield UK
| |
Collapse
|