401
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Maqbool I, Ponniresan VK, Govindasamy K, Prasad NR. Understanding the survival mechanisms of Deinococcus radiodurans against oxidative stress by targeting thioredoxin reductase redox system. Arch Microbiol 2019; 202:2355-2366. [PMID: 31570971 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-019-01729-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The principal objective of this study is to determine the resistance of Deinococcus radiodurans to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced oxidative stress by inhibiting its thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) antioxidant system. Treatment of D. radiodurans with different TrxR inhibitors such as ebselen, epigallocatechin gallate and auranofin displayed this organism sensitivity to H2O2 treatment in a concentration-dependent manner. We observed that D. radiodurans showed greater resistance to H2O2 treatment. Further, it has also been noticed that TrxR redox system was suppressed by TrxR inhibitors and that this response might be associated with the oxidative stress-mediated cell death in D. radiodurans. Thus, TrxR inhibitors affect the resistance of the D. radiodurans through suppression of its thioredoxin redox pathway via the inhibition of TrxR. Results from this study proved that TrxR plays an important role as an antioxidant enzyme by scavenging intracellular ROS, and thus contributing to the resistance of D. radiodurans towards oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Illiyas Maqbool
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu, 608 002, India
| | - Veeramani Kandan Ponniresan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu, 608 002, India
| | - Kanimozhi Govindasamy
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu, 608 002, India
- Dharumapurm Gnanambikai Government Arts College, Dharumapuram Road, Nagapattinam, Mayiladuthurai, Tamil Nadu, 609001, India
| | - Nagarajan Rajendra Prasad
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu, 608 002, India.
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402
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Shareef MA, Sirisha K, Sayeed IB, Khan I, Ganapathi T, Akbar S, Ganesh Kumar C, Kamal A, Nagendra Babu B. Synthesis of new triazole fused imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole hybrids with emphasis on Staphylococcus aureus virulence factors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:126621. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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403
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Zhao T, Chen L, Wang P, Li B, Lin R, Abdulkareem Al-Khalaf A, Hozzein WN, Zhang F, Li X, Zhao D. Surface-kinetics mediated mesoporous multipods for enhanced bacterial adhesion and inhibition. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4387. [PMID: 31558724 PMCID: PMC6763480 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12378-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the importance of nanoparticle's multipods topology in multivalent-interactions enhanced nano-bio interactions, the precise manipulation of multipods surface topological structures is still a great challenge. Herein, the surface-kinetics mediated multi-site nucleation strategy is demonstrated for the fabrication of mesoporous multipods with precisely tunable surface topological structures. Tribulus-like tetra-pods Fe3O4@SiO2@RF&PMOs (RF = resorcinol-formaldehyde resin, PMO = periodic mesoporous organosilica) nanocomposites have successfully been fabricated with a centering core@shell Fe3O4@SiO2@RF nanoparticle, and four surrounding PMO nanocubes as pods. By manipulating the number of nucleation sites through mediating surface kinetics, a series of multipods mesoporous nanocomposites with precisely controllable surface topological structures are formed, including Janus with only one pod, nearly plane distributed dual-pods and tri-pods, three-dimensional tetrahedral structured tetra-pods, etc. The multipods topology endows the mesoporous nanocomposites enhanced bacteria adhesion ability. Particularly, the tribulus-like tetra-pods mesoporous nanoparticles show ~100% bacteria segregation and long-term inhibition over 90% after antibiotic loading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiancong Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (2011-iChEM), Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, PR China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (2011-iChEM), Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, PR China
| | - Peiyuan Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (2011-iChEM), Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, PR China
| | - Benhao Li
- Department of Chemistry and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (2011-iChEM), Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, PR China
| | - Runfeng Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (2011-iChEM), Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, PR China
| | | | - Wael N Hozzein
- Bioproducts Research Chair, Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (2011-iChEM), Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, PR China
| | - Xiaomin Li
- Department of Chemistry and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (2011-iChEM), Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, PR China.
| | - Dongyuan Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (2011-iChEM), Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, PR China.
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404
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Omersa N, Podobnik M, Anderluh G. Inhibition of Pore-Forming Proteins. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:E545. [PMID: 31546810 PMCID: PMC6784129 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11090545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Perforation of cellular membranes by pore-forming proteins can affect cell physiology, tissue integrity, or immune response. Since many pore-forming proteins are toxins or highly potent virulence factors, they represent an attractive target for the development of molecules that neutralize their actions with high efficacy. There has been an assortment of inhibitors developed to specifically obstruct the activity of pore-forming proteins, in addition to vaccination and antibiotics that serve as a plausible treatment for the majority of diseases caused by bacterial infections. Here we review a wide range of potential inhibitors that can specifically and effectively block the activity of pore-forming proteins, from small molecules to more specific macromolecular systems, such as synthetic nanoparticles, antibodies, antibody mimetics, polyvalent inhibitors, and dominant negative mutants. We discuss their mechanism of inhibition, as well as advantages and disadvantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neža Omersa
- Department of Molecular Biology and Nanobiotechnology, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Marjetka Podobnik
- Department of Molecular Biology and Nanobiotechnology, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Gregor Anderluh
- Department of Molecular Biology and Nanobiotechnology, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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405
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Aslanli A, Efremenko E. Simultaneous molecular docking of different ligands to His 6-tagged organophosphorus hydrolase as an effective tool for assessing their effect on the enzyme. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7684. [PMID: 31565584 PMCID: PMC6745196 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Enzymatic hydrolysis of N-acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs), which are signaling molecules responsible for the development of antibiotic resistance in gram-negative bacteria, is a potential solution to overcoming antibiotic resistance problem. It has been established that hexahistidine-tagged organophosphorus hydrolase (His6-OPH) exhibits lactonase activity against a number of AHLs and that the combined application of His6-OPH with β-lactam antibiotics leads to an increase in the efficiency of the action of both the enzyme and antibiotics. The use of computational methods can be an effective way to search for and select from the known antibiotics to find the most rational "partners" for combining with this enzyme and creating effective antibacterial agents with a dual (lactonase and antibacterial) functional activity. Methods In this study, by using AutoDock Vina and Gromacs softwares the molecular docking and the molecular dynamics methods were adopted to simulate models of puromycin, ceftiofur, and/or AHLs docked to the surface of a dimer molecule of His6-OPH and to study their binding properties. GABEDIT and GAMESS-US packages were used to generate and simulate electron densities of docked AHLs. Results Interactions of N-butyryl-DL-homoserine lactone (C4-HSL), N-(3-oxooctanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone (C8-HSL) and N-(3-oxododecanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone (C12-HSL) with His6-OPH dimer active sites in the presence of puromycin and ceftiofur were simulated and studied. The possible intersection of long-chain AHLs with antibiotic molecules in the active sites of the enzyme was revealed. The binding energies of antibiotics and AHLs with the His6-OPH surface were estimated. Statistically significant differences (p = 0.003) were observed between the values calculated for both C4-HSL and C12-HSL, whereas there were no statistically significant differences between the values of the other groups (p ≥ 0.100). The binding energies of AHLs with His6-OPH were slightly higher as compared with the binding energies of antibiotics with the enzyme. The dynamics of the most probable models obtained from docking were investigated. RMSD and RMSF analysis of His6-OPH-AHL complexes in the absence and presence of antibiotics were performed. The interaction energy values of antibiotics and AHLs with the His6-OPH were assessed. Significant increase of the AHLs steadiness in enzyme-substrate complexes in the presence of antibiotics was revealed. The interaction between His6-OPH and C12-HSL was established as thermodynamically more favored. Conclusions It has been established that the studied antibiotics puromycin and ceftiofur steady the enzyme-substrate complexes, but at the same time lead to a decrease in the long-chain AHL-hydrolytic activity of His6-OPH in such a combination as compared to a native enzyme, and, therefore, it should be taken into account when creating a therapeutic composition based on combining antibiotics with His6-OPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysel Aslanli
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena Efremenko
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.,N.M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics RAS, Moscow, Russia
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406
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Nanodiamond-supported silver nanoparticles as potent and safe antibacterial agents. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13164. [PMID: 31511584 PMCID: PMC6739346 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49675-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Since its discovery nearly a century ago, antibiotics has been one of the most effective methods in treating infectious diseases and limiting pathogen spread. However, pathogens often build up antibiotic resistance over time, leading to serious failure of the treatment. Silver nanoparticle (AgNP) is an appealing alternative, but successful treatment of the bacterial infection requires a plentiful supply of AgNP, which can negatively impact human health if people are excessively exposed to the particles. Here, we present a method to overcome this challenge by synthesizing nanodiamond-supported AgNP noncovalently conjugated with albumin molecules to achieve enhanced antibacterial activity and strengthened biocompatibility. Using Escherichia coli as a model bacterium, we found that the albumin-conjugated silver-diamond nanohybrids showed a long-term bactericidal effect after 36 days of the treatment at the AgNP concentration of 250 µg mL−1. Moreover, the toxicity of the nanohybrids to human cells (including human fibroblasts, lung adenocarcinoma epithelial cells, and breast adenocarcinoma cells) is low even at the particle concentration of 500 µg mL−1. The method provides a general and practical solution to the concerns of bacterial resistance against AgNP and issues associated with the size, shape, aggregation, and toxicity of AgNP are largely resolved. Finally, we demonstrate that the nanohybrids can be readily incorporated into natural polysaccharides (such as guar gum) to form three-in-one hydrogels, showing promising applications in nanomedicine.
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407
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Rakesh K, Kumara H, Ullas B, Shivakumara J, Channe Gowda D. Amino acids conjugated quinazolinone-Schiff’s bases as potential antimicrobial agents: Synthesis, SAR and molecular docking studies. Bioorg Chem 2019; 90:103093. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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408
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Jadhav RW, Kobaisi MA, Jones LA, Vinu A, Bhosale SV. The Supramolecular Self-Assembly of Aminoglycoside Antibiotics and their Applications. ChemistryOpen 2019; 8:1154-1166. [PMID: 31497469 PMCID: PMC6718072 DOI: 10.1002/open.201900193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aminoglycosides, a class of antibiotics that includes gentamicin, kanamycin, neomycin, streptomycin, tobramycin and apramycin, are derived from various streptomyces species. Despite the significant increase in the antibacterial resistant pathogens, aminoglycosides remain an important class of antimicrobial drugs due to their unique chemical structure which offers a broad spectrum of activity. The modification of antibiotics and their subsequent use in supramolecular chemistry is rarely reported. Given the importance of aminoglycosides, here we give a brief overview on the modification of 4,5- and 4,6-disubstituted deoxystreptamine classes of aminoglycosides through supramolecular chemistry and their potential for real world applications. We also make the case that the work in this area is gaining momentum, and there are significant opportunities to meet the challenges of modern antibiotics through the modification of aminoglycosides by harnessing the advantages of supramolecular chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratan W. Jadhav
- School of Chemical SciencesGoa University Taleigao PlateauGoa403 206INDIA
| | - Mohammad Al Kobaisi
- School of Science, Faculty of Science, Engineering and TechnologySwinburne University of TechnologyHawthornAustralia
| | - Lathe A. Jones
- CAMIC, School of ScienceRMIT University, GPO Box2476Melbourne, VIC-3001Australia
| | - Ajayan Vinu
- Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials (GICAN)The University of Newcastle (UON), University Drive, CallaghanNSW 2308Australia
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409
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Nitric oxide releasing two-part creams containing S-nitrosoglutathione and zinc oxide for potential topical antimicrobial applications. Nitric Oxide 2019; 90:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2019.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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410
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Hammad A, Abutaleb NS, Elsebaei MM, Norvil AB, Alswah M, Ali AO, Abdel-Aleem JA, Alattar A, Bayoumi SA, Gowher H, Seleem MN, Mayhoub AS. From Phenylthiazoles to Phenylpyrazoles: Broadening the Antibacterial Spectrum toward Carbapenem-Resistant Bacteria. J Med Chem 2019; 62:7998-8010. [PMID: 31369262 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The narrow antibacterial spectrum of phenylthiazole antibiotics was expanded by replacing central thiazole with a pyrazole ring while maintaining its other pharmacophoric features. The most promising derivative, compound 23, was more potent than vancomycin against multidrug-resistant Gram-positive clinical isolates, including vancomycin- and linezolid-resistant methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value as low as 0.5 μg/mL. Moreover, compound 23 was superior to imipenem and meropenem against highly pathogenic carbapenem-resistant strains, such as Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Escherichia coli. In addition to the notable biofilm inhibition activity, compound 23 outperformed both vancomycin and kanamycin in reducing the intracellular burden of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria. Compound 23 cleared 90% of intracellular MRSA and 98% of Salmonella enteritidis at 2× the MIC. Moreover, preliminary pharmacokinetic investigations indicated that this class of novel antibacterial compounds is highly metabolically stable with a biological half-life of 10.5 h, suggesting a once-daily dosing regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Hammad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy , Al-Azhar University , Cairo 11884 , Egypt
| | | | - Mohamed M Elsebaei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy , Al-Azhar University , Cairo 11884 , Egypt
| | | | - Mohamed Alswah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy , Al-Azhar University , Cairo 11884 , Egypt
| | - Alsagher O Ali
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Animal Medicine Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , South Valley University , Qena , 83523 , Egypt
| | - Jelan A Abdel-Aleem
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy , Assiut University , Assiut , 71515 , Egypt
| | - Abdelaziz Alattar
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy , Al-Azhar University , Cairo 11884 , Egypt
| | - Sammar A Bayoumi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy , Heliopolis University , Cairo , 11777 , Egypt
| | | | - Mohamed N Seleem
- Purdue Institute for Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
| | - Abdelrahman S Mayhoub
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy , Al-Azhar University , Cairo 11884 , Egypt.,University of Science and Technology, Nanoscience Program , Zewail City of Science and Technology , October Gardens, 6th of October , Giza 12578 , Egypt
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411
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Namivandi-Zangeneh R, Sadrearhami Z, Dutta D, Willcox M, Wong EHH, Boyer C. Synergy between Synthetic Antimicrobial Polymer and Antibiotics: A Promising Platform To Combat Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria. ACS Infect Dis 2019; 5:1357-1365. [PMID: 30939869 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.9b00049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The failure of many antibiotics in the treatment of chronic infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria necessitates the development of effective strategies to combat this global healthcare issue. Here, we report an antimicrobial platform based on the synergistic action between commercially available antibiotics and a potent synthetic antimicrobial polymer that consists of three key functionalities: low-fouling oligoethylene glycol, hydrophobic ethylhexyl, and cationic primary amine groups. Checkerboard assays with Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) and Escherichia coli demonstrated synergy between our synthetic antimicrobial polymer and two antibiotics, doxycycline and colistin. Coadministration of these compounds significantly improved the bacteriostatic efficacy especially against MDR P. aeruginosa strains PA32 and PA37, where the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of polymer and antibiotics were reduced by at least 4-fold. A synergistic killing activity was observed when the antimicrobial polymer was used in combination with doxycycline, killing >99.999% of planktonic and biofilm P. aeruginosa PAO1 upon a 20 min treatment at a polymer concentration of 128 μg mL-1 (4.6 μM) and doxycycline concentration of 64 μg mL-1 (133.1 μM). In addition, this synergistic combination reduced the rate of resistance development in P. aeruginosa compared to individual compounds and was also capable of reviving susceptibility to treatment in the resistant strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashin Namivandi-Zangeneh
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales−Sydney, Building E8, Gate 2, High Street, Kensington, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Zahra Sadrearhami
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales−Sydney, Building E8, Gate 2, High Street, Kensington, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Debarun Dutta
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales−Sydney, Rupert Myers Building, Gate 13, High Street, Kensington, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Mark Willcox
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales−Sydney, Rupert Myers Building, Gate 13, High Street, Kensington, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Edgar H. H. Wong
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales−Sydney, Building E8, Gate 2, High Street, Kensington, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales−Sydney, Building E8, Gate 2, High Street, Kensington, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
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412
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Okada BK, Li A, Seyedsayamdost MR. Identification of the Hypertension Drug Guanfacine as an Antivirulence Agent in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Chembiochem 2019; 20:2005-2011. [PMID: 30927315 PMCID: PMC6814388 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201900129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
An alternative solution to the cyclical development of new antibiotics is the concept of disarming pathogens without affecting their growth, thereby eliminating the selective pressures that lead to resistant phenotypes. Here, we have employed our previously developed HiTES methodology to identify one such compound against the ESKAPE pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Rather than induce silent biosynthetic gene clusters, we used HiTES to suppress actively expressed virulence genes. By screening a library of 770 FDA-approved drugs, we identified guanfacine, a clinical hypertension drug, as an antivirulence agent in P. aeruginosa. Follow-up studies showed that guanfacine reduces biofilm formation and pyocycanin production without altering growth. Moreover, we identified a homologue of QseC, a sensor His kinase used by multiple pathogens to turn on virulence, as a target of guanfacine. Our studies suggest that guanfacine might be an attractive antivirulence lead in P. aeruginosa and provide a template for uncovering such molecules by screening for downregulators of actively expressed biosynthetic genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethany K Okada
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | - Anran Li
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | - Mohammad R Seyedsayamdost
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
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413
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Wang M, Shi J, Mao H, Sun Z, Guo S, Guo J, Yan F. Fluorescent Imidazolium-Type Poly(ionic liquid)s for Bacterial Imaging and Biofilm Inhibition. Biomacromolecules 2019; 20:3161-3170. [PMID: 31291096 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b00741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescent imidazolium-type poly(ionic liquid)s (PIL)s were synthesized by anion exchange of bromide (Br-) in poly(3-butyl-1-vinylimidazolium bromide) (PIL-Br) with a fluorescent anion, namely, 3-(4-(1,2,2-triphenylvinyl)phenoxy)propane-1-sulfonate (TPESO3-). Such an anion exchange provided antibacterial PILs with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties that simultaneously kill and image bacteria. These fluorescence and antibacterial properties could be regulated by controlling the Br-/TPESO3- ratio. The fluorescence intensity increases as this ratio increases, while the antibacterial property exhibits an opposite trend. Moreover, the AIE-type PILs are useful for fluorescently imaging dead bacteria (macroscopically and microscopically) and could effectively inhibit biofilm growth. This study provided a convenient method to obtain fluorescent PILs with adjustable antibacterial and imaging properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , China
| | - Jie Shi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , China
| | - Hailei Mao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital , Fudan University , Shanghai 200438 , China
| | - Zhe Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , China
| | - Siyu Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , China
| | - Jiangna Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , China
| | - Feng Yan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , China
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414
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Hussain MB, Kamel YM, Ullah Z, Jiman-Fatani AAM, Ahmad AS. In vitro evaluation of methicillin-resistant and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus susceptibility to Saudi honeys. Altern Ther Health Med 2019; 19:185. [PMID: 31345195 PMCID: PMC6659206 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2603-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Background Honey has been increasingly recognized as a potential therapeutic agent for treatment of wound infections. There is an urgent need for assessment and evaluation of the antibacterial properties against wound pathogens of honeys that have not yet been tested. Methods Ten Saudi honeys collected from different geographical locations were screened initially for their antibacterial potential against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) by the agar well diffusion method. Manuka honey (UMF-12) was used for comparison. Of the tested honeys, the honey that exhibited the greatest antibacterial activity in the agar well diffusion assay was further evaluated for its minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against ten MRSA clinical isolates and three American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) reference strains by the microbroth dilution method. Results Locally produced honeys exhibited variable antibacterial activity against the tested isolates in the agar well diffusion assay. They were unable to exhibit antibacterial activity against MSSA and MRSA at 25% dilutions (w/v) in catalase solution. However, Sumra and Talha honeys showed a zone of inhibition at 50% dilutions (w/v) in catalase solution. This finding means that both honeys possess weak non-peroxide-based antibacterial activity. Moreover, Sumra honey showed a larger inhibition zone at 50 and 25% dilutions (w/v) in distilled water than Manuka honey against both MSSA and MRSA. This result demonstrates that Sumra honey has more hydrogen peroxide-related antibacterial activity or total antibacterial activity than Manuka honey. In addition, MIC results obtained through a microbroth dilution assay showed that Sumra honey inhibited the growth of all MRSA clinical isolates (n = 10) and reference strains [MRSA (ATCC 43300) and MSSA (ATCC 29213)] at lower concentrations (12.0% v/v) than those required for Manuka honey-mediated inhibition (14.0% v/v). This result means that Sumra honey has more peroxide or synergistic antibacterial activity than Manuka honey. An equivalent MIC (15.0% v/v) was observed for E. coli (ATCC 25922) between Manuka honey and Sumra honey. Conclusions Sumra honey may be used as an alternative therapeutic agent for infected wounds and burns, where additional hydrogen peroxide-related antibacterial activity is needed. In the future, the physiochemical characteristics of Sumra honey may be evaluated and standardized.
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415
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa Regulatory Protein AnvM Controls Pathogenicity in Anaerobic Environments and Impacts Host Defense. mBio 2019; 10:mBio.01362-19. [PMID: 31337721 PMCID: PMC6650552 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01362-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Infections by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, one of the most frequently isolated human pathogens, can create huge financial burdens. However, knowledge of the molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of P. aeruginosa remains elusive. We identified AnvM as a novel regulator of virulence in P. aeruginosa. Deletion of anvM altered the expression levels of more than 700 genes under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, including quorum sensing system genes and oxidative stress resistance genes. AnvM directly interacted with MvfR and Anr, thus regulating their downstream genes. More importantly, AnvM directly bound to TLR2 and TLR5, which turn on the host immune response. These findings provide insights into the significance of AnvM homologs in pathogenic bacteria and suggest a potential drug target against bacterial infection. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, one of the most common pathogens in hospital-acquired infections, is tightly controlled by a multilayered regulatory network, including the quorum sensing system (QS), the type VI secretion system (T6SS), and resistance to host immunity. We found that the P. aeruginosa 3880 (PA3880) gene, which encodes an unknown protein, acts as a regulator of anaerobic metabolism in response to oxidative stress and virulence in P. aeruginosa. More than 30 PA3880 homologs were found in other bacterial genomes, indicating that PA3880 is widely distributed in the Bacteria kingdom as a highly conserved gene. Deletion of the PA3880 gene changed the expression levels of more than 700 genes, including a group of virulence genes, under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. To further study the mechanisms of PA3880-mediated regulation in virulence, we utilized a bacterial two-hybrid assay and found that the PA3880 protein interacted directly with QS regulator MvfR and anaerobic regulator Anr. Loss of the PA3880 protein significantly blunted the pathogenicity of P. aeruginosa, resulting in increased host survival, decreased bacterial burdens, reduced inflammatory responses, and fewer lung injuries in challenged mice hosts. Mechanistically, we found that Cys44 was a critical site for the full function of PA3880 in influencing alveolar macrophage phagocytosis and bacterial clearance. We also found that AnvM directly interacted with host receptors Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and TLR5, which might lead to activation of the host immune response. Hence, we gave the name AnvM (anaerobic and virulence modulator) to the PA3880 protein. This characterization of AnvM could help to uncover new targets and strategies to treat P. aeruginosa infections.
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416
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Phylogenetic and Molecular Profile of Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Bloodstream Infections in Northeast Brazil. Microorganisms 2019; 7:microorganisms7070210. [PMID: 31336623 PMCID: PMC6680844 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7070210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a notorious human pathogen associated with serious nosocomial and community-acquired infections, such as pneumonia, meningitis, endocarditis, toxic shock syndrome, and sepsis, among others. The objective of this study was to investigate the molecular profile, antimicrobial resistance, and clonal diversity of S. aureus isolated from the bloodstream. The determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the antimicrobial was performed by an automated method. The presence of several virulence and resistance genes was evaluated by PCR. In addition, multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was used to analyze the clonal diversity of S. aureus. A high resistance to oxacillin (78%), clindamycin (78%), erythromycin (70%), ciprofloxacin (61%), and gentamicin (52%) was observed among the isolates. In most of them, the following virulence genes were detected: hlb (83%), ebpS (61%), icaA (57%), fnbpA (17%), and clfA (13%). Only one isolate carried the pvl gene. MLST analysis identified five new sequence types (STs): 5429, 5430, 5431, 5432, and 5433, as well as another seven-ST5, ST97, ST398, ST101, ST30, ST461, and ST2779-among the remaining strains. These seven STs and the four new STs are clustered in four clonal complexes: CC1, CC2, CC7, and CC17. Phylogenetic analysis showed the genetic relationship of the five new ST strains with another 18 strains. Altogether, these analyses indicate the horizontal transfer acquisition of virulence factor genes and multidrug resistance.
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417
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Abstract
This work examined the photocatalytic destruction of sulfamethoxazole (SMX), a widely used antibiotic, under simulated solar radiation using iron-doped titanium dioxide as the photocatalyst. Amongst the various iron/titania ratios examined (in the range 0%–2%), the catalyst at 0.04% Fe/TiO2 molar ratio exhibited the highest photocatalytic efficiency. The reaction rate followed pseudo-first-order kinetics, where the apparent kinetic constant was reduced as the initial concentration of SMX or humic acid increased. The photodecomposition of SMX was favored in natural pH but retarded at alkaline conditions. Unexpectedly, the presence of bicarbonates (in the range of 0.125–2 g/L) improved the removal of SMX, however, experiments conducted in real environmental matrices showed that process efficiency decreased as the complexity of the water matrix increased. The presence of sodium persulfate as an electron acceptor enhanced the reaction rate. However, only a small synergy was observed between the two individual processes. On the contrary, the addition of tert-butanol, a well-known hydroxyl radical scavenger, hindered the reaction, indicating the significant contribution of these radicals to the photocatalytic degradation of SMX. The photocatalyst retained half of its initial activity after five successive experiments.
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418
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Xu M, Wu P, Shen F, Ji J, Rakesh KP. Chalcone derivatives and their antibacterial activities: Current development. Bioorg Chem 2019; 91:103133. [PMID: 31374524 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The increase in antibiotic resistance due to various factors has encouraged the look for novel compounds which are active against multidrug-resistant pathogens. In this framework, chalcone-based compounds showed a diversity of pharmacological properties, and its derivatives possess a high degree of structural diversity, and it is helpful for the discovery of new therapeutic agents. The growing resistance to antibiotics worldwide has endangered their efficacy. This has led to a surging interest in the discovery of new antibacterial agents. Thus, there is an urgent need for new antibacterial drug candidates with increased strength, new targets, low cost, superior pharmacokinetic properties, and minimum side effects. The present review concluded and focuses on the recent developments in the area of medicinal chemistry to explore the diverse chemical structures of potent antibacterial agents and also describes its structure-activity relationships studies. The various synthetic structures leading to this class of neutral protective compound is common and additional structural optimization is promising for potential drug discovery and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Xu
- Engineering Research Center of Environmental Materials and Membrane Technology of Hubei Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, PR China
| | - Piye Wu
- Engineering Research Center of Environmental Materials and Membrane Technology of Hubei Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, PR China
| | - Fan Shen
- Engineering Research Center of Environmental Materials and Membrane Technology of Hubei Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, PR China
| | - Jiayou Ji
- Engineering Research Center of Environmental Materials and Membrane Technology of Hubei Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, PR China
| | - K P Rakesh
- Engineering Research Center of Environmental Materials and Membrane Technology of Hubei Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, PR China.
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419
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Sarbu LG, Shova S, Peptanariu D, Sandu IA, Birsa LM, Bahrin LG. The Cytotoxic Properties of Some Tricyclic 1,3-Dithiolium Flavonoids. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24132459. [PMID: 31277454 PMCID: PMC6651846 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24132459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the emergence of multidrug resistant microorganisms, new classes of antibiotics are needed. In this paper, we present the cytotoxic effects of five tricyclic flavonoids, one of which was previously identified as a potent antimicrobial agent. METHODS All five derivatives were tested against human HOS and MCF7 cancer cell lines using a wound scratch assay. The cytotoxic properties of previously reported flavonoid 4a were also evaluated using the standard MTS (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium, inner salt) and live/dead assays, using NHDF, HOS and MCF7 cell lines. RESULTS All five derivatives were found to inhibit to some degree the proliferation of cancer cells. 4a was also found to be less toxic towards regular versus cancerous human cells. Moreover, the minimum bactericidal concentration of 4a against Staphylococcus aureus was found to be non-toxic for any of the tested human cell lines. CONCLUSIONS Derivative 4a has the potential of being used as a therapeutic agent against certain microorganisms. Further structure optimization is required for use against tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura G. Sarbu
- Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Department of Chemistry, 11 Carol I Blvd., 700506 Iasi, Romania
| | - Sergiu Shova
- Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Intelcenter. 41A Grigore Ghica Vodă Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Dragos Peptanariu
- Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Intelcenter. 41A Grigore Ghica Vodă Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Isabela A. Sandu
- Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Intelcenter. 41A Grigore Ghica Vodă Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Lucian M. Birsa
- Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Department of Chemistry, 11 Carol I Blvd., 700506 Iasi, Romania
- Correspondence: (L.M.B.); bahrin.lucian@icmpp (L.G.B.)
| | - Lucian G. Bahrin
- Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Department of Chemistry, 11 Carol I Blvd., 700506 Iasi, Romania
- Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Intelcenter. 41A Grigore Ghica Vodă Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
- Correspondence: (L.M.B.); bahrin.lucian@icmpp (L.G.B.)
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Abbaszadeh A, Tehmasebi-Foolad A, Rajabzadeh A, Beigi-Brojeni N, Zarei L. Effects of Chitosan/Nano Selenium Biofilm on Infected Wound Healing in Rats; An Experimental Study. Bull Emerg Trauma 2019; 7:284-291. [PMID: 31392229 DOI: 10.29252/beat-0703012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The present study was aimed at assessment of effect of application of Chitosan/Nano Selenium biofilm on infected wound healing in rats. Methods Sixty-eight male Wistar rats were randomized into four groups of 17 animals each. In group I (Normal) the wounds were created with no infection. In group II (MRSA), the wounds were infected with methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). In group III (MRSA/CHIT), animals with infected wounds were dressed with chitosan biofilm only. In group IV (MRSA/CHIT/NS), animals with infected wounds were dressed with Chitosan/Nano Selenium biofilm. Results There were significant differences in comparisons of group IV and other groups, particularly in terms of cellular infiltration and neovascularization. During the study period, scores for neovascularization was significantly higher in group IV rats than other groups (P<0.05). Polymorphonuclear (PMN) and mononuclear (MNC) cell count and fibroblast cell proliferation in group IV were significantly higher than those of other experimental groups (P<0.05). Conclusion Chitosan/Nano Selenium biofilm resulted in significant improvement in histopathological indices in full thickness infected wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Abbaszadeh
- Department of Surgery, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | | | - Asghar Rajabzadeh
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Kharamabad, Iran
| | - Nasim Beigi-Brojeni
- Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Leila Zarei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Kharamabad, Iran
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421
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Antibacterial potential of Actinobacteria from a Limestone Mining Site in Meghalaya, India. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.13.2.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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422
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Wu HH, Symersky J, Lu M. Structure of an engineered multidrug transporter MdfA reveals the molecular basis for substrate recognition. Commun Biol 2019; 2:210. [PMID: 31240248 PMCID: PMC6572762 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0446-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
MdfA is a prototypical H+-coupled multidrug transporter that is characterized by extraordinarily broad substrate specificity. The involvement of specific H-bonds in MdfA-drug interactions and the simplicity of altering the substrate specificity of MdfA contradict the promiscuous nature of multidrug recognition, presenting a baffling conundrum. Here we show the X-ray structures of MdfA variant I239T/G354E in complexes with three electrically different ligands, determined at resolutions up to 2.2 Å. Our structures reveal that I239T/G354E interacts with these compounds differently from MdfA and that I239T/G354E possesses two discrete, non-overlapping substrate-binding sites. Our results shed new light on the molecular design of multidrug-binding and protonation sites and highlight the importance of often-neglected, long-range charge-charge interactions in multidrug recognition. Beyond helping to solve the ostensible conundrum of multidrug recognition, our findings suggest the mechanistic difference between substrate and inhibitor for any H+-dependent multidrug transporter, which may open new vistas on curtailing efflux-mediated multidrug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Hui Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, 3333 Green Bay Road, North Chicago, IL 60064 USA
| | - Jindrich Symersky
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, 3333 Green Bay Road, North Chicago, IL 60064 USA
| | - Min Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, 3333 Green Bay Road, North Chicago, IL 60064 USA
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423
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Ayaz M, Ullah F, Sadiq A, Ullah F, Ovais M, Ahmed J, Devkota HP. Synergistic interactions of phytochemicals with antimicrobial agents: Potential strategy to counteract drug resistance. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 308:294-303. [PMID: 31158333 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of multidrug resistant (MDR) pathogens is a global threat and has created problems in providing adequate treatment of many infectious diseases. Although the conventional antimicrobial agents are quite effective against several pathogens, yet there is a need for more effective antimicrobial agents against MDR pathogens. Herbal drugs and phytochemicals have been used for their effective antimicrobial activity from ancient times and there is an increasing trend for development of plant based natural products for the prevention and treatment of pathogenic diseases. One of the strategies for effective resistance modification is the use of antimicrobial agent-phytochemical combinations that will neutralize the resistance mechanism, enabling the drug to still be effective against resistant microbes. These phytochemicals can work by several strategies, such as inhibition of target modifying and drug degrading enzymes or as efflux pumps inhibitors. A plethora of herbal extracts, essential oils and isolated pure compounds have been reported to act synergistically with existing antibiotics, antifungals and chemotherapeutics and augment the activity of these drugs. Considerable increases in the susceptibility pattern of several microbes towards the natural antimicrobials and their combinations were observed as indicated by significant decline in minimum inhibitory concentrations. This review paper summarizes the current developments regarding synergistic interactions of plant extracts and isolated pure compounds in combination with existing antibacterial, antifungal agents and chemotherapeutics. The effect of these agents on the susceptibility patterns of these pathogens and possible mechanisms of action are described in detail. In conclusion, many phytochemicals in combination with existing drugs were found to act as resistance modifying agents and proper combinations may rescue the efficacy of important lifesaving antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ayaz
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), 18000, Pakistan.
| | - Farhat Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), 18000, Pakistan.
| | - Abdul Sadiq
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), 18000, Pakistan.
| | - Farman Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, Kohat University of Science and Technology (KUST), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Ovais
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China.
| | - Jawad Ahmed
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences (IBMS), Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan.
| | - Hari Prasad Devkota
- (e)Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto City, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan.
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424
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Motos A, Yang H, Yang M, Torres A. Perspectives on synthetic pharmacotherapy for the treatment of nosocomial pneumonia. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2019; 20:1439-1448. [PMID: 31095426 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2019.1617852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Nosocomial pneumonia is the second most common infection in hospital settings, resulting in substantial increases in morbidity, mortality, and length of hospital stay. The rapid increase in resistance of nosocomial pathogens to many antibiotics and the high dissemination of resistance genes highlight the need for innovative approaches to combat difficult-to-treat nosocomial respiratory infections. Areas covered: This review summarizes the synthetic antimicrobials that are currently in development for the treatment of nosocomial pneumonia, focusing on antibiotics in the final phases of clinical development and on the strategies employed by novel synthetic antimicrobial peptides. Expert opinion: Several novel synthetic antimicrobials are currently in the pipeline, and it appears that new antimicrobial peptides or mimetics will soon be made available, expanding the opportunities to treat nosocomial pneumonia. However, the approval process for use in the treatment of nosocomial pneumonia is arduous. Given that significant investments by pharmaceutical companies have ended in failure to obtain the approval of regulatory agencies, novel platforms for antimicrobial discovery are needed. The identification of new and fully synthetic chemical structures with activity against nosocomial pathogens needs to be followed by preclinical studies in large animals and by pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies in specific critically ill populations to assess lung penetration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Motos
- Division of Animal Experimentation, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Hospital Clinic , Barcelona , Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Respiratorias , Madrid , Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer , Barcelona , Spain.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Hua Yang
- Division of Animal Experimentation, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Hospital Clinic , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Minlan Yang
- Division of Animal Experimentation, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Hospital Clinic , Barcelona , Spain.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Antoni Torres
- Division of Animal Experimentation, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Hospital Clinic , Barcelona , Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Respiratorias , Madrid , Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer , Barcelona , Spain.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
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425
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Adesiyan IM, Bisi-Johnson MA, Ogunfowokan AO, Okoh AI. Incidence and antimicrobial susceptibility fingerprints of Plesiomonas shigelliodes isolates in water samples collected from some freshwater resources in Southwest Nigeria. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 665:632-640. [PMID: 30776635 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Plesiomonas shigelloides, is an emerging and significant enteric pathogen in water having implication in both localised and gastrointestinal infections with characteristic of displaying high resistance against commonly used antibiotics. This study evaluated the prevalence of Plesiomonas shigelloides and their antibiogram fingerprints in water sample collected from four rivers in South-western Nigeria. In all, 148 presumptive Plesiomonas shigelloides isolates was recovered from the rivers out of which 66 (44.6%) were confirmed positive for the organism using polymerase chain reaction techniques. Confirmed isolates were evaluated for their antibiogram profiles against a panel of 20 antimicrobials using the disc diffusion method and further screened for relevant antibiotic resistance genes. Resistance of the isolates against the antimicrobials followed the order: sulphamethoxazole (100%), erythromycin (93%), ampicillin (90%), cephalotin (82%), streptomycin (64%), and chloramphenicol (58%), amoxicillin (53%), cefotaxime (50%), tetracycline (49%), neomycin (38%) and trimethoprim + sulphamethoxazole (38%). Conversely, all the isolates were susceptible against netilmicin, and susceptibility against the other antibiotics follows the order: meropenem (94%), gentamicin (88%), imipenem (79%), amikacin (70%), ciprofloxacin (70%), norfloxacin (59%), trimethoprim (56%) and ceftazidine (56%). The multiple antibiotic resistance indices of the organism were higher than the accepted threshold of 0.2. The incidence of 11 antimicrobial resistance determinants were obtained as follows: [sulphonamides; (sulI (18%), sulII (20%), dfr1 (70%), dfr(18) (5%)), [beta-lactams; (ampC 37%)], [tetracyclines; (tetA (78%), tetE (57%)], [phenicols; (catII (16%), cmlA1 (11%)] and [aminoglycosides; (aphA2 (36%) and strA (67%)]. Pearson chi-square exact test revealed positive associations among tetA, tetE, sullI and catII and tetA genes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the incidence and antibiogram fingerprint of P. shigelloides in these freshwater resources and we conclude that these rivers are important reservoirs of multiple antimicrobial resistant biotypes of this organism, and consequently a threat to public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibukun M Adesiyan
- Institute of Ecology and Environmental Studies, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife, Nigeria; South Africa Medical Research Council, Water Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, South Africa; Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, South Africa.
| | | | - Aderemi O Ogunfowokan
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, The Technical University, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria; Department of Chemistry, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife, Nigeria
| | - Anthony I Okoh
- South Africa Medical Research Council, Water Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, South Africa; Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, South Africa
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426
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Hasan N, Cao J, Lee J, Naeem M, Hlaing SP, Kim J, Jung Y, Lee BL, Yoo JW. PEI/NONOates-doped PLGA nanoparticles for eradicating methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilm in diabetic wounds via binding to the biofilm matrix. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 103:109741. [PMID: 31349480 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.109741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Wounds infected with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) biofilm represent a high risk in patients with diabetes. Nitric oxide (NO) has shown promise in dispersing biofilm and wound healing. For an effective treatment of MRSA biofilm-infected wounds, however, NO needs to be supplied to the biofilm matrix in a sustainable manner due to a short half-life and limited diffusion distance of NO. In this study, polyethylenimine/diazeniumdiolate (PEI/NONOate)-doped PLGA nanoparticles (PLGA-PEI/NO NPs) with an ability to bind to the biofilm matrix are developed to facilitate the NO delivery to MRSA biofilm-infected wound. In simulated wound fluid, PLGA-PEI/NO NPs show an extended NO release over 4 days. PLGA-PEI/NO NPs firmly bind to the MRSA biofilm matrix, resulting in a greatly enhanced anti-biofilm activity. Moreover, PLGA-PEI/NO NPs accelerate healing of MRSA biofilm-infected wounds in diabetic mice along with complete biofilm dispersal and reduced bacterial burden. These results suggest that the biofilm-binding NO-releasing NPs represent a promising NO delivery system for the treatments of biofilm-infected chronic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurhasni Hasan
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Jiafu Cao
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Juho Lee
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Muhammad Naeem
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Shwe Phyu Hlaing
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Jihyun Kim
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea; Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Yunjin Jung
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Bok-Leul Lee
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Jin-Wook Yoo
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea.
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427
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Hall TJ, Blair JMA, Moakes RJA, Pelan EG, Grover LM, Cox SC. Antimicrobial emulsions: Formulation of a triggered release reactive oxygen delivery system. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 103:109735. [PMID: 31349428 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The enzyme glucose oxidase mediates the oxidation of glucose to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as hydrogen peroxide. This reaction and its products are key to providing honey with its antimicrobial properties. Currently, honey is an adherent, highly viscous product that produces ROS by means of a water-initiated reaction. These properties reduce clinical usability and present a formulation problem for long term stability. This study aims to engineer a water-in-oil emulsion containing an engineered honey (SurgihoneyRO™) that is easy to administer topically and is controllably activated in-situ. Paraffin oil continuous emulsions formulated using the emulsifier polyglycerol polyricinoleate displayed shear-thinning characteristics. Viscosities between 1.4 and 19.3 Pa·s were achieved at a shear rate representative of post-mixing conditions (4.1 s-1) by changing the volume of the dispersed phase (30-60%). Notably, this wide viscosity range will be useful in tailoring future formulations for specific application mechanisms. When exposed to water and shear, these emulsion systems were found to undergo catastrophic phase inversion, evidenced by a change in conductivity from 0 μS in the non-aqueous state, to >180 μS in the sheared, inverted state. Encouragingly, sheared formulations containing ≥50% SurgihoneyRO™ generated sufficient levels of ROS to inhibit growth of clinically relevant Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. This study demonstrates an ability to formulate ROS producing emulsions for use as an alternative to current topical antibiotic-based treatments. Promisingly, the ability of this system to release water-sensitive actives in response to shear may be useful for controlled delivery of other therapeutic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Hall
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
| | - Jessica M A Blair
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
| | - Richard J A Moakes
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
| | - Edward G Pelan
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
| | - Liam M Grover
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
| | - Sophie C Cox
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
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428
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Fessner ND. P450 Monooxygenases Enable Rapid Late-Stage Diversification of Natural Products via C-H Bond Activation. ChemCatChem 2019; 11:2226-2242. [PMID: 31423290 PMCID: PMC6686969 DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201801829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The biological potency of natural products has been exploited for decades. Their inherent structural complexity and natural diversity might hold the key to efficiently address the urgent need for the development of novel pharmaceuticals. At the same time, it is that very complexity, which impedes necessary chemical modifications such as structural diversification, to improve the effectiveness of the drug. For this purpose, Cytochrome P450 enzymes, which possess unique abilities to activate inert sp3-hybridised C-H bonds in a late-stage fashion, offer an attractive synthetic tool. In this review the potential of cytochrome P450 enzymes in chemoenzymatic lead diversification is illustrated discussing studies reporting late-stage functionalisations of natural products and other high-value compounds. These enzymes were proven to extend the synthetic toolbox significantly by adding to the flexibility and efficacy of synthetic strategies of natural product chemists, and scientists of other related disciplines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nico D. Fessner
- Institute of Molecular BiotechnologyGraz University of Technology, NAWI GrazPetersgasse 148010GrazAustria
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429
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Jairoun A, Hassan N, Ali A, Jairoun O, Shahwan M. Knowledge, attitude and practice of antibiotic use among university students: a cross sectional study in UAE. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:518. [PMID: 31060543 PMCID: PMC6501289 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-6878-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antibiotic resistance became a marker of irrational and overuse of these medicines in many countries. This study aims to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of medical students (MS) and non-medical students (NS) towards antibiotic use in the United Arabs Emirates (UAE). METHOD A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted amongst 1200 MS and NS from Ajman University in UAE. A self-administered questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of antibiotic use. The later was composed into knowledge, attitude and practice of antibiotic use. Descriptive analysis was used to analyse the qualitative variables while quantitative variables were summarised using mean ± Standard Deviation (±SD). A Chi-square test was used to compare differences in the proportions of qualitative variables. Unpaired student's t-test was used to test the average differences in quantitative variables across medical and non-medical students. A p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS One thousand two hundred students (MS: 600 and NS: 600) were considered valid for analysis. On average, participants scored higher in attitude score followed by knowledge and practice scores. The average attitude score was 76% (95% CI: [75, 78%]) compared to 59% for knowledge (95% CI: [58, 60%]) and 45% (95% CI: [44, 47%]) for practice. The results suggest that overall, medical students scored remarkably better than non-medical students on KAP of antibiotic use, respectively (p = 0.0001), (p = 0.000) and (p = 0.002). CONCLUSION The students' knowledge, attitude and practice regarding antibiotic use, which drive the practice of self-medication, reflect a gap in medical curricula in UAE institutes and medical colleges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammar Jairoun
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, UAE.
| | - Nageeb Hassan
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, UAE
| | - Abdelazim Ali
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, UAE
| | | | - Moyad Shahwan
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, UAE
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430
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Iverson A, Meyer CJ, Vogel P, Waidyarachchi S, Das N, Bruhn DF, Poole A, Butler MM, Bowlin TL, Lee RE, Rosch JW. Efficacy of Aminomethyl Spectinomycins against Complex Upper Respiratory Tract Bacterial Infections. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2019; 63:e02096-18. [PMID: 30858215 PMCID: PMC6496058 DOI: 10.1128/aac.02096-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The most frequent ailment for which antibiotics are prescribed is otitis media (ear infections), which is most commonly caused by Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Streptococcus pneumoniae Treatment of otitis media is complicated by the fact that the bacteria in the middle ear typically form biofilms, which can be recalcitrant to antibiotic treatment. Furthermore, bacterial respiratory infections can be greatly exacerbated by viral coinfection, which is particularly evidenced by the synergy between influenza and S. pneumoniae In this study, we sought to ascertain the in vivo efficacy of aminomethyl spectinomycin lead 1950, an effective antibacterial agent both in vitro and in vivo against Streptococcus pneumoniae in the context of complex respiratory infections and acute otitis media. A single dose of 1950 significantly reduced bacterial burden in the respiratory tract for all three pathogens, even when species were present in a coinfection model. Additionally, a single dose of 1950 effectively reduced pneumococcal acute otitis media from the middle ear. The agent 1950 also proved efficacious in the context of influenza-pneumococcal super infection. These data further support the development of this family of compounds as potential therapeutic agents against the common causes of complex upper respiratory tract infections and acute otitis media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Iverson
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Christopher J Meyer
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Peter Vogel
- Veterinary Pathology Core, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Samanthi Waidyarachchi
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Nisha Das
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - David F Bruhn
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Aaron Poole
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | | | | | - Richard E Lee
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jason W Rosch
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
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431
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Haufroid M, Wouters J. Targeting the Serine Pathway: A Promising Approach against Tuberculosis? Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2019; 12:E66. [PMID: 31052291 PMCID: PMC6630544 DOI: 10.3390/ph12020066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis is still the leading cause of death by a single infectious agent. Effective chemotherapy has been used and improved since the 1950s, but strains resistant to this therapy and most antibacterial drugs on the market are emerging. Only 10 new drugs are in clinical trials, and two of them have already demonstrated resistance. This paper gives an overview of current treatment options against tuberculosis and points out a promising approach of discovering new effective drugs. The serine production pathway is composed of three enzymes (SerA1, SerC and SerB2), which are considered essential for bacterial growth, and all of them are considered as a therapeutic drug target. Their crystal structure are described and essential regulatory domains pointed out. Sequence alignment with similar enzymes in other host would help to identify key residues to target in order to achieve selective inhibition. Currently, only inhibitors of SerB2 are described in the literature. However, inhibitors of human enzymes are discussed, and could be used as a good starting point for a drug discovery program. The aim of this paper is to give some guidance for the design of new hits for every enzyme in this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Haufroid
- Laboratoire de Chimie Biologique Structurale (CBS), Namur Medicine and Drug Innovation Center (Namedic), Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur (UNamur), B-5000 Namur, Belgium.
| | - Johan Wouters
- Laboratoire de Chimie Biologique Structurale (CBS), Namur Medicine and Drug Innovation Center (Namedic), Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur (UNamur), B-5000 Namur, Belgium.
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432
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Sarbu LG, Bahrin LG, Babii C, Stefan M, Birsa ML. Synthetic flavonoids with antimicrobial activity: a review. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 127:1282-1290. [PMID: 30934143 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of drug-resistant microbes left us with a great need for new antimicrobial agents. Flavonoids, with their wide range of biological activities, are good candidates in this respect. Although naturally occurring flavonoids are the most studied ones, semi-synthetic or synthetic flavonoids have proven to have great potential, inhibiting and even killing microbes at concentrations below 1 μg ml-1 . The substitution pattern of these flavonoids often includes hydroxy groups, halogens or other heteroatomic rings, such as pyridine, piperidine or 1,3-dithiolium cations. However, the great variety in substituents makes it difficult to draw any definitive conclusion regarding their structure-activity relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- L G Sarbu
- Department of Chemistry, "Al. I. Cuza" University of Iasi, Iasi, Romania
| | - L G Bahrin
- Department of Chemistry, "Al. I. Cuza" University of Iasi, Iasi, Romania.,"Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Iasi, Romania
| | - C Babii
- Department of Biology, "Al. I. Cuza" University of Iasi, Iasi, Romania.,Integrated Center for Environmental Sciences Studies - North Eastern, CERNESIM, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Iasi, Romania
| | - M Stefan
- Department of Biology, "Al. I. Cuza" University of Iasi, Iasi, Romania
| | - M L Birsa
- Department of Chemistry, "Al. I. Cuza" University of Iasi, Iasi, Romania
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433
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Flockton TR, Schnorbus L, Araujo A, Adams J, Hammel M, Perez LJ. Inhibition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm Formation with Surface Modified Polymeric Nanoparticles. Pathogens 2019; 8:pathogens8020055. [PMID: 31022836 PMCID: PMC6631850 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens8020055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The gram-negative bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa represents a prominent clinical concern. Due to the observed high levels of antibiotic resistance, copious biofilm formation, and wide array of virulence factors produced by these bacteria, new treatment technologies are required. Here, we present the development of a series of P. aeruginosa LecA-targeted polymeric nanoparticles and demonstrate the anti-adhesion and biofilm inhibitory properties of these constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler R Flockton
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, 201 Mullica Hill Road, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA.
| | - Logan Schnorbus
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, 201 Mullica Hill Road, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA.
| | - Agustin Araujo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, 201 Mullica Hill Road, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA.
| | - Jill Adams
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, 201 Mullica Hill Road, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA.
| | - Maryjane Hammel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, 201 Mullica Hill Road, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA.
| | - Lark J Perez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, 201 Mullica Hill Road, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA.
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434
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Hattori H, Hoff LV, Gademann K. Total Synthesis and Structural Revision of Mangrolide D. Org Lett 2019; 21:3456-3459. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b01256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiromu Hattori
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lukas V. Hoff
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Karl Gademann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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435
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Braddock AA, Theodorakis EA. Marine Spirotetronates: Biosynthetic Edifices That Inspire Drug Discovery. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17040232. [PMID: 31010150 PMCID: PMC6521127 DOI: 10.3390/md17040232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Spirotetronates are actinomyces-derived polyketides that possess complex structures and exhibit potent and unexplored bioactivities. Due to their anticancer and antimicrobial properties, they have potential as drug hits and deserve further study. In particular, abyssomicin C and tetrocarcin A have shown significant promise against antibiotic-resistant S. aureus and tuberculosis, as well as for the treatment of various lymphomas and solid tumors. Improved synthetic routes to these compounds, particularly the class II spirotetronates, are needed to access sufficient quantities for structure optimization and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander A Braddock
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0358, USA.
| | - Emmanuel A Theodorakis
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0358, USA.
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436
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Abouelhassan Y, Garrison AT, Yang H, Chávez-Riveros A, Burch GM, Huigens RW. Recent Progress in Natural-Product-Inspired Programs Aimed To Address Antibiotic Resistance and Tolerance. J Med Chem 2019; 62:7618-7642. [PMID: 30951303 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Bacteria utilize multiple mechanisms that enable them to gain or acquire resistance to antibiotic therapies during the treatment of infections. In addition, bacteria form biofilms which are surface-attached communities of enriched populations containing persister cells encased within a protective extracellular matrix of biomolecules, leading to chronic and recurring antibiotic-tolerant infections. Antibiotic resistance and tolerance are major global problems that require innovative therapeutic strategies to address the challenges associated with pathogenic bacteria. Historically, natural products have played a critical role in bringing new therapies to the clinic to treat life-threatening bacterial infections. This Perspective provides an overview of antibiotic resistance and tolerance and highlights recent advances (chemistry, biology, drug discovery, and development) from various research programs involved in the discovery of new antibacterial agents inspired by a diverse series of natural product antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmeen Abouelhassan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), College of Pharmacy , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32610 , United States
| | - Aaron T Garrison
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), College of Pharmacy , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32610 , United States
| | - Hongfen Yang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), College of Pharmacy , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32610 , United States
| | - Alejandra Chávez-Riveros
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), College of Pharmacy , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32610 , United States
| | - Gena M Burch
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), College of Pharmacy , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32610 , United States
| | - Robert W Huigens
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), College of Pharmacy , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32610 , United States
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437
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Li C, Sun Y, Li X, Fan S, Liu Y, Jiang X, Boudreau MD, Pan Y, Tian X, Yin JJ. Bactericidal effects and accelerated wound healing using Tb 4O 7 nanoparticles with intrinsic oxidase-like activity. J Nanobiotechnology 2019; 17:54. [PMID: 30992018 PMCID: PMC6466657 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-019-0487-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nanomaterials that exhibit intrinsic enzyme-like characteristics have shown great promise as potential antibacterial agents. However, many of them exhibit inefficient antibacterial activity and biosafety problems that limit their usefulness. The development of new nanomaterials with good biocompatibility and rapid bactericidal effects is therefore highly desirable. Here, we show a new type of terbium oxide nanoparticles (Tb4O7 NPs) with intrinsic oxidase-like activity for in vitro and in vivo antibacterial application. RESULTS We find that Tb4O7 NPs can quickly oxidize a series of organic substrates in the absence of hydrogen peroxide. The oxidase-like capacity of Tb4O7 NPs allows these NPs to consume antioxidant biomolecules and generate reactive oxygen species to disable bacteria in vitro. Moreover, the in vivo experiments showed that Tb4O7 NPs are efficacious in wound-healing and are protective of normal tissues. CONCLUSIONS Our results reveal that Tb4O7 NPs have intrinsic oxidase-like activity and show effective antibacterial ability both in vitro and in vivo. These findings demonstrate that Tb4O7 NPs are effective antibacterial agents and may have a potential application in wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Li
- School for Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Yurong Sun
- School for Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Xiaoping Li
- School for Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Sanhong Fan
- School for Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
| | - Yimin Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Xiumei Jiang
- Division of Analytical Chemistry, Office of Regulatory Science, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD, 20740, USA
| | - Mary D Boudreau
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Yue Pan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Xin Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
| | - Jun-Jie Yin
- Division of Analytical Chemistry, Office of Regulatory Science, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD, 20740, USA
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438
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Du X, Wu L, Yan H, Qu L, Wang L, Wang X, Ren S, Kong D, Wang L. Multifunctional Hydrogel Patch with Toughness, Tissue Adhesiveness, and Antibacterial Activity for Sutureless Wound Closure. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:2610-2620. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinchen Du
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Le Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Hongyu Yan
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Lijie Qu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Lina Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Shuo Ren
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Deling Kong
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Lianyong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
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439
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Asante J, Osei Sekyere J. Understanding antimicrobial discovery and resistance from a metagenomic and metatranscriptomic perspective: advances and applications. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2019; 11:62-86. [PMID: 30637962 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.12735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Our inability to cultivate most microorganisms, specifically bacteria, in the laboratory has for many years restricted our view and understanding of the bacterial meta-resistome in all living and nonliving environments. As a result, reservoirs, sources and distribution of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGS) and antibiotic-producers, as well as the effects of human activity and antibiotics on the selection and dissemination of ARGs were not well comprehended. With the advances made in the fields of metagenomics and metatranscriptomics, many of the hitherto little-understood concepts are becoming clearer. Further, the discovery of antibiotics such as lugdinin and lactocillin from the human microbiota, buttressed the importance of these new fields. Metagenomics and metatranscriptomics are becoming important clinical diagnostic tools for screening and detecting pathogens and ARGs, assessing the effects of antibiotics, other xenobiotics and human activity on the environment, characterizing the microbiome and the environmental resistome with lesser turnaround time and decreasing cost, as well as discovering antibiotic-producers. However, challenges with accurate binning, skewed ARGs databases, detection of less abundant and allelic variants of ARGs and efficient mobilome characterization remain. Ongoing efforts in long-read, phased- and single-cell sequencing, strain-resolved binning, chromosomal-conformation capture, DNA-methylation binning and deep-learning bioinformatic approaches offer promising prospects in reconstructing complete strain-level genomes and mobilomes from metagenomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Asante
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - John Osei Sekyere
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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440
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Singh S, Hussain A, Shakeel F, Ahsan MJ, Alshehri S, Webster TJ, Lal UR. Recent insights on nanomedicine for augmented infection control. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:2301-2325. [PMID: 31114188 PMCID: PMC6497429 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s170280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial agents have been widely investigated for protecting against microbial infections in modern health. Drug-related limitations, poor bioavailability, toxicity to mammalian cells, and frequent bacteria drug resistance are major challenges faced when exploited in nanomedicine forms. Specific attention has been paid to control nanomaterial-based infection against numerous challenging pathogens in addition to improved drug delivery, targeting, and pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles, and thus, efficient antimicrobials have been fabricated using diverse components (metals, metal oxides, synthetic and semisynthetic polymers, natural or biodegradable polymers, etc). The present review covers several nanocarriers delivered through various routes of administration, highlighting major findings to control microbial infection as compared to using the free drug. Results over the past decade support the consistent development of various nanomedicines capable of improving biological significance and therapeutic benefits against an array of microbial strains. Depending on the intended application of nanomedicine, infection control will be challenged by various factors such as weighing the risk-benefits in healthcare settings, nanomaterial-induced (eco)toxicological hazards, frequent development of antibiotic resistance, scarcity of in vivo toxicity data, and a poor understanding of microbial interactions with nanomedicine at the molecular level. This review summarizes well-established informative data for nanomaterials used for infection control and safety concerns of nanomedicines to healthcare sectors followed by the significance of a unique "safe-by-design" approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sima Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi 835215, Jharkhand, India
| | - Afzal Hussain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi 835215, Jharkhand, India
| | - Faiyaz Shakeel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Jawed Ahsan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Maharishi Arvind College of Pharmacy, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 302023, India
| | - Sultan Alshehri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thomas J Webster
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA,
| | - Uma Ranjan Lal
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan 173229, Himacahal Pradesh, India
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441
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Schmitt S, Montalbán-López M, Peterhoff D, Deng J, Wagner R, Held M, Kuipers OP, Panke S. Analysis of modular bioengineered antimicrobial lanthipeptides at nanoliter scale. Nat Chem Biol 2019; 15:437-443. [PMID: 30936500 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-019-0250-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The rise of antibiotic resistance demands the acceleration of molecular diversification strategies to inspire new chemical entities for antibiotic medicines. We report here on the large-scale engineering of ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified antimicrobial peptides carrying the ring-forming amino acid lanthionine. New-to-nature variants featuring distinct properties were obtained by combinatorial shuffling of peptide modules derived from 12 natural antimicrobial lanthipeptides and processing by a promiscuous post-translational modification machinery. For experimental characterization, we developed the nanoFleming, a miniaturized and parallelized high-throughput inhibition assay. On the basis of a hit set of >100 molecules, we identified variants with improved activity against pathogenic bacteria and shifted activity profiles, and extrapolated design guidelines that will simplify the identification of peptide-based anti-infectives in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Schmitt
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - David Peterhoff
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Jingjing Deng
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ralf Wagner
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Martin Held
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Oscar P Kuipers
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Sven Panke
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, Basel, Switzerland.
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442
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Liu HY, Wang TR, Sheng GH, Qin J, Sun J. Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Molecular Docking of 1,4-Benzodioxan Derivatives as Potential Antibacterial Agents. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363218120228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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443
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Bacterial Cytological Profiling as a Tool To Study Mechanisms of Action of Antibiotics That Are Active against Acinetobacter baumannii. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2019; 63:AAC.02310-18. [PMID: 30745382 DOI: 10.1128/aac.02310-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MDR-AB) infections have been reported worldwide, posing a threat to public health. The establishment of methods to elucidate the mechanism of action (MOA) of A. baumannii-specific antibiotics is needed to develop novel antimicrobial therapeutics with activity against MDR-AB We previously developed bacterial cytological profiling (BCP) to understand the MOA of compounds in Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis Given how distantly related A. baumannii is to these species, it was unclear to what extent it could be applied. Here, we implemented BCP as an antibiotic MOA discovery platform for A. baumannii We found that the BCP platform can distinguish among six major antibiotic classes and can also subclassify antibiotics that inhibit the same cellular pathway but have different molecular targets. We used BCP to show that the compound NSC145612 inhibits the growth of A. baumannii via targeting RNA transcription. We confirmed this result by isolating and characterizing resistant mutants with mutations in the rpoB gene. Altogether, we conclude that BCP provides a useful tool for MOA studies of antibacterial compounds that are active against A. baumannii.
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444
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Trajkovic M, Ferjancic Z, Saicic RN, Bihelovic F. Enantioselective Synthesis of the Platensimycin Core by Silver(I)‐Promoted Cyclization of Δ 6‐α‐Iodoketone. Chemistry 2019; 25:4340-4344. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201900497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Milos Trajkovic
- Faculty of ChemistryUniversity of Belgrade Studentski trg 16, POB 51 11158 Belgrade 118 Serbia
| | - Zorana Ferjancic
- Faculty of ChemistryUniversity of Belgrade Studentski trg 16, POB 51 11158 Belgrade 118 Serbia
| | - Radomir N. Saicic
- Faculty of ChemistryUniversity of Belgrade Studentski trg 16, POB 51 11158 Belgrade 118 Serbia
- Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts Knez Mihailova 35 11000 Belgrade Serbia
| | - Filip Bihelovic
- Faculty of ChemistryUniversity of Belgrade Studentski trg 16, POB 51 11158 Belgrade 118 Serbia
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445
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Kim S, Masum F, Kim JK, Chung HJ, Jeon JS. On-chip phenotypic investigation of combinatory antibiotic effects by generating orthogonal concentration gradients. LAB ON A CHIP 2019; 19:959-973. [PMID: 30768106 DOI: 10.1039/c8lc01406j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Combinatory therapy using two or more kinds of antibiotics is attracting considerable attention for inhibiting multi-drug resistant pathogenic bacteria. Although the therapy mostly leads to more powerful antimicrobial effects than using a single antibiotic (synergy), interference may arise from certain antibiotic combinations, resulting in the antimicrobial effect being suppressed (antagonism). Here, we present a microfluidic-based phenotypic screening chip to investigate combinatory antibiotic effects by automatically generating two orthogonal concentration gradients on a bacteria-trapping agarose gel. Computational simulations and fluorescence experiments together verify the simultaneous establishment of 121 concentration combinations, facilitating on-chip drug testing with stability and efficiency. Against Gram-negative bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, our chip allows the measurement of phenotypic growth levels, and enables various types of analyses for all antibiotic pairs to be conducted in 7 h. Furthermore, by providing a specific amount of susceptibility data, our chip enables the two reference models, Loewe additivity and Bliss independence, to be implemented, which classify the antibiotic interaction types into synergy or antagonism. These results suggest the efficacy of our chip as a cell-based drug screening platform for exploring the underlying pharmacological patterns of antibiotic interactions, with potential applications in guidance in clinical therapies and in screening other cell-type agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seunggyu Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
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446
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Devi P, Saini S, Kim KH. The advanced role of carbon quantum dots in nanomedical applications. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 141:111158. [PMID: 31323605 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.02.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have emerged as a potential material in the diverse fields of biomedical applications due to their numerous advantageous properties including fluorescence, water solubility, biocompatibility, low toxicity, small size and ease of modification, inexpensive scale-up production, and versatile conjugation with other nanoparticles. Thus, CQDs became a preferable choice in various biomedical applications such as nanocarriers for drugs, therapeutic genes, photosensitizers, and antibacterial molecules. Further, their potentials have also been verified in multifunctional diagnostic platforms, cellular and bacterial bio-imaging, development of theranostics nanomedicine, etc. This review provides a concise insight into the progress and evolution in the field of CQD research with respect to methods/materials available in bio-imaging, theranostics, cancer/gene therapy, diagnostics, etc. Further, our discussion is extended to explore the role of CQDs in nanomedicine which is considered to be the future of biomedicine. This study will thus help biomedical researchers in tapping the potential of CQDs to overcome various existing technological challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Devi
- Central Scientific Instruments Organisation, Sector 30C, Chandigarh 160030, India.
| | - Shefali Saini
- Central Scientific Instruments Organisation, Sector 30C, Chandigarh 160030, India
| | - Ki-Hyun Kim
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
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447
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Hu G, Song B, Jiang A, Chu B, Shen X, Tang J, Su Y, He Y. Multifunctional Silicon-Carbon Nanohybrids Simultaneously Featuring Bright Fluorescence, High Antibacterial and Wound Healing Activity. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1803200. [PMID: 30680914 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201803200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a class of multifunctional silicon-carbon nanohybrids (designated as SiCNs), which simultaneously possess aqueous dispersibility, bright fluorescence (photoluminescence quantum yield [PLQY]: ≈28%), as well as high antibacterial and wound healing activity, is presented. Taking advantage of these unique merits, cell distribution and pharmacological behavior of the SiCNs is first investigated through tracking their strong and stable fluorescence. The high bacteria inhibition ability (≈82.9% killing rate toward S. aureus) and hemostatic effects (shorten the bleeding time from ≈60 to ≈15 s) of the resultant SiCNs are then demonstrated. Moreover, the wound closure promotion activity (10% lead in wound contraction) is systematically demonstrated in vivo, which is especially suitable for wound healing applications. The results suggest the SiCNs as a new kind of high-performance multifunctional nanoagents suitable for various biological and biomedical utilizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guyue Hu
- Laboratory of Nanoscale Biochemical Analysis, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Bin Song
- Laboratory of Nanoscale Biochemical Analysis, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Airui Jiang
- Laboratory of Nanoscale Biochemical Analysis, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Binbin Chu
- Laboratory of Nanoscale Biochemical Analysis, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xiaobin Shen
- Laboratory of Nanoscale Biochemical Analysis, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Jiali Tang
- Laboratory of Nanoscale Biochemical Analysis, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yuanyuan Su
- Laboratory of Nanoscale Biochemical Analysis, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yao He
- Laboratory of Nanoscale Biochemical Analysis, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
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448
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Han Y, Wang J, Zhao Z, Chen J, Lu H, Liu G. Detecting antibiotic resistance genes and human potential pathogenic Bacteria in fishmeal by culture-independent method. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:8665-8674. [PMID: 30707381 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04303-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Fishmeal is a fundamental ingredient of feedstuffs and is used globally in aquaculture. However, there are few data on the antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and human pathogenic bacteria in fishmeal and little understanding of the potential risks of fishmeal application in mariculture systems. Here, we investigated the high-throughput profiles of ARGs and human potential pathogenic bacteria (HPPB) in representative fishmeals (n = 5) and the potential impact of fishmeal on mariculture sediments. ARGs were quantified with microbial DNA quantitative PCR arrays and HPPB were analyzed with Illumina sequencing of 16S rRNA genes. The impact of the fishmeal on the aquaculture sediments was assessed in a microcosm study. Twenty-four unique ARGs (3-14 per sample) and 25 HPPB species were detected in the fishmeal samples. The most prevalent ARGs were fluoroquinolone resistance genes. The overall abundance of HPPB was 5.0-25.5%, and the HPPB species were dominated by Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Clostridium novyi, and Escherichia coli. In the mariculture microcosm sediment, fishmeal significantly increased the normalized abundance of the class I integrase gene (25.4-fold), which plays an important role in the dissemination of ARGs. Dosing with fishmeal also contributed to increases in a resident sulfanilamide resistance gene (sulI gene) and the emergence of a macrolide resistance gene (ermB gene) in the sediment. These findings demonstrated that fishmeal itself is an underestimated reservoir and source of ARGs and HPPBs, and that the application of fishmeal facilitates the dissemination of ARGs in aquaculture sediments. Our results extend our knowledge of the ARGs and HPPB within fishmeal and may provide a feasible and effective approach to the detection of ARGs and HPPB in fishmeal during food safety inspection. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Han
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, 2#Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, 2#Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zelong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, 2#Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingwen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, 2#Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Lu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, 2#Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangfei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, 2#Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, People's Republic of China
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449
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Synthesis and evaluation of new 4-oxoquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)benzoic acid and benzamide derivatives as potent antibacterial agents effective against multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Bioorg Chem 2019; 83:569-579. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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450
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Huffman BJ, Shenvi RA. Natural Products in the "Marketplace": Interfacing Synthesis and Biology. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:3332-3346. [PMID: 30682249 PMCID: PMC6446556 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b11297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Drugs are discovered through the biological screening of collections of compounds, followed by optimization toward functional end points. The properties of screening collections are often balanced between diversity, physicochemical favorability, intrinsic complexity, and synthetic tractability (Huggins, D. J.; et al. ACS Chem. Biol. 2011, 6, 208; DOI: 10.1021/cb100420r ). Whereas natural product (NP) collections excel in the first three attributes, NPs suffer a disadvantage on the last point. Academic total synthesis research has worked to solve this problem by devising syntheses of NP leads, diversifying late-stage intermediates, or derivatizing the NP target. This work has led to the discovery of reaction mechanisms, the invention of new methods, and the development of FDA-approved drugs. Few drugs, however, are themselves NPs; instead, NP analogues predominate. Here we highlight past examples of NP analogue development and successful NP-derived drugs. More recently, chemists have explored how NP analogues alter the retrosynthetic analysis of complex scaffolds, merging structural design and synthetic design. This strategy maintains the intrinsic complexity of the NP but can alter the physicochemical properties of the scaffold, like core instability that renders the NP a poor chemotype. Focused libraries based on these syntheses may exclude the NP but maintain the molecular properties that distinguish NP space from synthetic space (Stratton, C. F.; et al. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2015, 25, 4802; DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.07.014 ), properties that have statistical advantages in clinical progression (Luker, T.; et al. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2011, 21, 5673, DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.07.074 ; Ritchie, T. J.; Macdonald, S. J. F. Drug Discovery Today 2009, 14, 1011, DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2009.07.014 ). Research that expedites synthetic access to NP motifs can prevent homogeneity of chemical matter available for lead discovery. Easily accessed, focused libraries of NP scaffolds can fill empty but active gaps in screening sets and expand the molecular diversity of synthetic collections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J. Huffman
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Ryan A. Shenvi
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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