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Kooshan Z, Cárdenas-Piedra L, Clements J, Batra J. Glycolysis, the sweet appetite of the tumor microenvironment. Cancer Lett 2024; 600:217156. [PMID: 39127341 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.217156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Cancer cells display an altered metabolic phenotype, characterised by increased glycolysis and lactate production, even in the presence of sufficient oxygen - a phenomenon known as the Warburg effect. This metabolic reprogramming is a crucial adaptation that enables cancer cells to meet their elevated energy and biosynthetic demands. Importantly, the tumor microenvironment plays a pivotal role in shaping and sustaining this metabolic shift in cancer cells. This review explores the intricate relationship between the tumor microenvironment and the Warburg effect, highlighting how communication within this niche regulates cancer cell metabolism and impacts tumor progression and therapeutic resistance. We discuss the potential of targeting the Warburg effect as a promising therapeutic strategy, with the aim of disrupting the metabolic advantage of cancer cells and enhancing our understanding of this complex interplay within the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Kooshan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; Center for Genomics and Personalised Health, Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Lilibeth Cárdenas-Piedra
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; Center for Genomics and Personalised Health, Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; ARC Training Centre for Cell & Tissue Engineering Technologies, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Judith Clements
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; Center for Genomics and Personalised Health, Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jyotsna Batra
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; Center for Genomics and Personalised Health, Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; ARC Training Centre for Cell & Tissue Engineering Technologies, Brisbane, Australia.
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2
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Gou S, Wu A, Luo Z. Integrins in cancer stem cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1434378. [PMID: 39239559 PMCID: PMC11375753 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1434378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Integrins are a class of adhesion receptors on cell membranes, consisting of α and β subunits. By binding to the extracellular matrix, integrins activate intracellular signaling pathways, participating in every step of cancer initiation and progression. Tumor stem cells possess self-renewal and self-differentiation abilities, along with strong tumorigenic potential. In this review, we discussed the role of integrins in cancer, with a focus on their impact on tumor stem cells and tumor stemness. This will aid in targeting tumor stem cells as a therapeutic approach, leading to the exploration of novel cancer treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Gou
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of urology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Anqi Wu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Clinical Research Center, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Zhigang Luo
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of urology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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3
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Zhou W, Li X, Zhang B, Peng H, Quan C, Xiao X, Luo M, Huang Y, Xu D, Huang K, Jin Q, Lu S. The long non-coding RNA CCAT1 promotes erlotinib resistance in cholangiocarcinoma by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition via the miR-181a-5p/ROCK2 axis. Am J Cancer Res 2024; 14:2852-2867. [PMID: 39005692 PMCID: PMC11236789 DOI: 10.62347/eqdk1844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a common malignancy of the digestive system, and its treatment is greatly challenged by rising chemoresistance. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to play critical roles in the development of drug resistance in tumors. However, the role of the lncRNA CCAT1 in erlotinib resistance in CCA remains unclear. In this investigation, we identified CCAT1 as a pivotal factor contributing to erlotinib resistance in CCA. Furthermore, we uncovered that lncRNA CCAT1 modulated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) through Rho-associated coiled-coil-forming protein kinase 2 (ROCK2), thereby conferring erlotinib resistance upon CCA cells. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that miR-181a-5p interacted with CCAT1 to modulate the expression of ROCK2. Collectively, these findings shed light on the significant role of CCAT1 in the development of erlotinib resistance in CCA. The functional suppression of CCAT1 holds promise in enhancing the sensitivity to erlotinib by reversing EMT through the miR-181a-5p/ROCK2 signaling pathway. These findings provide valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying erlotinib resistance in CCA and the potential strategies for its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Jiangxi Cancer HospitalNanchang 330029, Jiangxi, China
- Oncology Teaching and Research Office, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical CollegeNanchang 330029, Jiangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Transformation Medicine, Jiangxi Cancer HospitalNanchang 330029, Jiangxi, China
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330029, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xingquan Li
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330029, Jiangxi, China
| | - Bolin Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330029, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hong Peng
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, 908th Hospital of Chinese People’s Liberation Army JointNanchang 330029, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chunyang Quan
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330029, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xin Xiao
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330029, Jiangxi, China
| | - Man Luo
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330029, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yanxiao Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330029, Jiangxi, China
| | - Debin Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Kai Huang
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Jiangxi Cancer HospitalNanchang 330029, Jiangxi, China
- Oncology Teaching and Research Office, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical CollegeNanchang 330029, Jiangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Transformation Medicine, Jiangxi Cancer HospitalNanchang 330029, Jiangxi, China
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330029, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qifang Jin
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shan Lu
- Oncology Teaching and Research Office, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical CollegeNanchang 330029, Jiangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Transformation Medicine, Jiangxi Cancer HospitalNanchang 330029, Jiangxi, China
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330029, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Gastroenterology and Oncology, Jiangxi Cancer HospitalNanchang 330029, Jiangxi, China
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4
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Huang H, Lu W, Zhang X, Pan J, Cao F, Wen L. Fibroblast subtypes in pancreatic cancer and pancreatitis: from mechanisms to therapeutic strategies. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2024; 47:383-396. [PMID: 37721678 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-023-00874-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive fibrosis is a predominant feature of pancreatic stroma and plays a crucial role in the development and progression of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and chronic pancreatitis (CP). Emerging evidence showed diversity and heterogeneity of fibroblasts play crucial and somewhat contradictory roles, the interactions between fibroblasts and pancreatic cells or infiltrating immune cells are of great importance during PDAC and CP progression, with some promising therapeutic strategies being tested. Therefore, in this review, we describe the classification of fibroblasts and their functions in PDAC and pancreatitis, the mechanisms by which fibroblasts mediate the development and progression of PDAC and CP through direct or indirect interaction between fibroblast and pancreatic parenchymal cells, or by remodeling the pancreatic immune microenvironment mediates the development and progression of PDAC and CP. Finally, we summarized the current therapeutic strategies and agents that directly target subtypes of fibroblasts or interfere with their essential functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huizhen Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanyi Lu
- Center for Biomarker Discovery and Validation, National Infrastructures for Translational Medicine (PUMCH), Institute of Clinical Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuli Zhang
- Center for Biomarker Discovery and Validation, National Infrastructures for Translational Medicine (PUMCH), Institute of Clinical Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiachun Pan
- Center for Biomarker Discovery and Validation, National Infrastructures for Translational Medicine (PUMCH), Institute of Clinical Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Cao
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Li Wen
- Center for Biomarker Discovery and Validation, National Infrastructures for Translational Medicine (PUMCH), Institute of Clinical Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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Chen W, Chen F, Gong M, Ye L, Weng D, Jin Z, Wang J. Fenofibrate suppresses the progression of hepatoma by downregulating osteopontin through inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/Twist pathway. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:1025-1035. [PMID: 37566308 PMCID: PMC10791796 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02604-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Primary hepatic carcinoma (PHC) is a leading threat to cancer patients with few effective treatment strategies. OPN is found to be an oncogene in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with potential as a treating target for PHC. Fenofibrate is a lipid-lowering drug with potential anti-tumor properties, which is claimed with suppressive effects on OPN expression. Our study proposes to explore the molecular mechanism of fenofibrate in inhibiting HCC. OPN was found extremely upregulated in 6 HCC cell lines, especially Hep3B cells. Hep3B and Huh7 cells were treated with 75 and 100 μM fenofibrate, while OPN-overexpressed Hep3B cells were treated with 100 μM fenofibrate. Decreased clone number, elevated apoptotic rate, reduced number of migrated cells, and shortened migration distance were observed in fenofibrate-treated Hep3B and Huh7 cells, which were markedly abolished by the overexpression of OPN. Furthermore, the facilitating effect against apoptosis and the inhibitory effect against migration of fenofibrate in Hep3B cells were abolished by 740 Y-P, an agonist of PI3K. Hep3B xenograft model was established, followed by treated with 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg fenofibrate, while OPN-overexpressed Hep3B xenograft was treated with 200 mg/kg fenofibrate. The tumor growth was repressed by fenofibrate, which was notably abolished by OPN overexpression. Furthermore, the inhibitory effect of fenofibrate on the PI3K/AKT/Twist pathway in Hep3B cells and Hep3B xenograft model was abrogated by OPN overexpression. Collectively, fenofibrate suppressed progression of hepatoma downregulating OPN through inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/Twist pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqing Chen
- Department of General Surgery, First People's Hospital of Hangzhou Lin'an District, NO.548 Yijin Street, Lin'an District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China
| | - Feihua Chen
- Department of General Surgery, First People's Hospital of Hangzhou Lin'an District, NO.548 Yijin Street, Lin'an District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China
| | - Mouchun Gong
- Department of General Surgery, First People's Hospital of Hangzhou Lin'an District, NO.548 Yijin Street, Lin'an District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijun Ye
- Department of General Surgery, First People's Hospital of Hangzhou Lin'an District, NO.548 Yijin Street, Lin'an District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China
| | - Dengcheng Weng
- Department of General Surgery, First People's Hospital of Hangzhou Lin'an District, NO.548 Yijin Street, Lin'an District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoqing Jin
- Department of General Surgery, First People's Hospital of Hangzhou Lin'an District, NO.548 Yijin Street, Lin'an District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjiang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, First People's Hospital of Hangzhou Lin'an District, NO.548 Yijin Street, Lin'an District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.
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Fukusada S, Shimura T, Natsume M, Nishigaki R, Okuda Y, Iwasaki H, Sugimura N, Kitagawa M, Katano T, Tanaka M, Ozeki K, Kubota E, Hayashi K, Kataoka H. Osteopontin secreted from obese adipocytes enhances angiogenesis and promotes progression of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma in obesity. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2024; 47:229-244. [PMID: 37640984 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-023-00865-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Obesity is a risk factor and poor prognostic factor for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. METHODS PDAC cells and obese visceral adipocytes (O-Ad) derived from mice and humans were used to analyze interactions between the two cell types, and human microvascular endothelial cells were used for angiogenesis assay. A xenograft mouse model with subcutaneously injected PDAC cells was used for animal studies. The relationship between visceral fat and prognosis was analyzed using resected tissues from PDAC patients with and without obesity. RESULTS Conditioned media (CM) from O-Ad significantly increased PDAC cell growth and migration and angiogenic capacity in both human and mice cells, and blocking osteopontin (OPN) in O-Ad canceled O-Ad-induced effects in both mouse and human cells. In addition, O-Ad directly increased the migratory and tube-forming capacities of endothelial cells, while blocking OPN canceled these effects. O-Ad increased AKT phosphorylation and VEGFA expression in both PDAC and endothelial cells, and OPN inhibition in O-Ad canceled those O-Ad-induced effects. In the xenograft model, PDAC tumor volume was significantly increased in obese mice compared with lean mice, whereas blocking OPN significantly inhibited obesity-accelerated tumor growth. OPN expression in adipose tissues adjacent to human PDAC tumor was significantly higher in obese patients than in non-obese patients. In PDAC patients with obesity, high OPN expression in adipose tissues was significantly associated with poor prognosis. CONCLUSION Obese adipocytes trigger aggressive transformation in PDAC cells to induce PDAC progression and accelerate angiogenesis via OPN secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeki Fukusada
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Takaya Shimura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan.
| | - Makoto Natsume
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Ruriko Nishigaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Yusuke Okuda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Iwasaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Naomi Sugimura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Mika Kitagawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Takahito Katano
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Mamoru Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Keiji Ozeki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Eiji Kubota
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Kazuki Hayashi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Hiromi Kataoka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
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Javid H, Oryani MA, Rezagholinejad N, Esparham A, Tajaldini M, Karimi‐Shahri M. RGD peptide in cancer targeting: Benefits, challenges, solutions, and possible integrin-RGD interactions. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e6800. [PMID: 38349028 PMCID: PMC10832341 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
RGD peptide can be found in cell adhesion and signaling proteins, such as fibronectin, vitronectin, and fibrinogen. RGD peptides' principal function is to facilitate cell adhesion by interacting with integrin receptors on the cell surface. They have been intensively researched for use in biotechnology and medicine, including incorporation into biomaterials, conjugation to medicinal molecules or nanoparticles, and labeling with imaging agents. RGD peptides can be utilized to specifically target cancer cells and the tumor vasculature by engaging with these integrins, improving drug delivery efficiency and minimizing adverse effects on healthy tissues. RGD-functionalized drug carriers are a viable option for cancer therapy as this focused approach has demonstrated promise in the future. Writing a review on the RGD peptide can significantly influence how drugs are developed in the future by improving our understanding of the peptide, finding knowledge gaps, fostering innovation, and making drug design easier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Javid
- Department of Medical Laboratory SciencesVarastegan Institute for Medical SciencesMashhadIran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
- Surgical Oncology Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Mahsa Akbari Oryani
- Department of Pathology, School of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | | | - Ali Esparham
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Mahboubeh Tajaldini
- Ischemic Disorder Research CenterGolestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran
| | - Mehdi Karimi‐Shahri
- Department of Pathology, School of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
- Department of Pathology, School of MedicineGonabad University of Medical SciencesGonabadIran
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8
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Abou Khouzam R, Janji B, Thiery J, Zaarour RF, Chamseddine AN, Mayr H, Savagner P, Kieda C, Gad S, Buart S, Lehn JM, Limani P, Chouaib S. Hypoxia as a potential inducer of immune tolerance, tumor plasticity and a driver of tumor mutational burden: Impact on cancer immunotherapy. Semin Cancer Biol 2023; 97:104-123. [PMID: 38029865 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
In cancer patients, immune cells are often functionally compromised due to the immunosuppressive features of the tumor microenvironment (TME) which contribute to the failures in cancer therapies. Clinical and experimental evidence indicates that developing tumors adapt to the immunological environment and create a local microenvironment that impairs immune function by inducing immune tolerance and invasion. In this context, microenvironmental hypoxia, which is an established hallmark of solid tumors, significantly contributes to tumor aggressiveness and therapy resistance through the induction of tumor plasticity/heterogeneity and, more importantly, through the differentiation and expansion of immune-suppressive stromal cells. We and others have provided evidence indicating that hypoxia also drives genomic instability in cancer cells and interferes with DNA damage response and repair suggesting that hypoxia could be a potential driver of tumor mutational burden. Here, we reviewed the current knowledge on how hypoxic stress in the TME impacts tumor angiogenesis, heterogeneity, plasticity, and immune resistance, with a special interest in tumor immunogenicity and hypoxia targeting. An integrated understanding of the complexity of the effect of hypoxia on the immune and microenvironmental components could lead to the identification of better adapted and more effective combinational strategies in cancer immunotherapy. Clearly, the discovery and validation of therapeutic targets derived from the hypoxic tumor microenvironment is of major importance and the identification of critical hypoxia-associated pathways could generate targets that are undeniably attractive for combined cancer immunotherapy approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raefa Abou Khouzam
- Thumbay Research Institute for Precision Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman 4184, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Bassam Janji
- Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Tumor Immunotherapy and Microenvironment (TIME) Group, 6A, rue Nicolas-Ernest Barblé, L-1210 Luxembourg city, Luxembourg.
| | - Jerome Thiery
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Gustave Roussy, Faculty of Medicine, University Paris-Saclay, 94805 Villejuif, France.
| | - Rania Faouzi Zaarour
- Thumbay Research Institute for Precision Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman 4184, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Ali N Chamseddine
- Gastroenterology Department, Cochin University Hospital, Université de Paris, APHP, Paris, France; Ambroise Paré - Hartmann Private Hospital Group, Oncology Unit, Neuilly-sur-Seine, France.
| | - Hemma Mayr
- Swiss Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary (HPB) and Transplantation Center, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Surgery & Transplantation, University and University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Pierre Savagner
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Gustave Roussy, Faculty of Medicine, University Paris-Saclay, 94805 Villejuif, France.
| | - Claudine Kieda
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Military Institute of Medicine-National Research Institute, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland; Centre for Molecular Biophysics, UPR 4301 CNRS, 45071 Orleans, France; Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-004 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Sophie Gad
- Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (EPHE), Paris Sciences Lettres University (PSL), 75014 Paris, France; UMR CNRS 9019, Genome Integrity and Cancers, Gustave Roussy, Paris-Saclay University, 94800 Villejuif, France.
| | - Stéphanie Buart
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Gustave Roussy, Faculty of Medicine, University Paris-Saclay, 94805 Villejuif, France.
| | - Jean-Marie Lehn
- Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS), Université de Strasbourg, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, Strasbourg, France.
| | - Perparim Limani
- Swiss Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary (HPB) and Transplantation Center, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Surgery & Transplantation, University and University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Salem Chouaib
- Thumbay Research Institute for Precision Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman 4184, United Arab Emirates; INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Gustave Roussy, Faculty of Medicine, University Paris-Saclay, 94805 Villejuif, France.
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9
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Lv S, Liu Y, Xie C, Xue C, Du S, Yao J. Emerging role of interactions between tumor angiogenesis and cancer stem cells. J Control Release 2023; 360:468-481. [PMID: 37391031 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Tumor angiogenesis and cancer stem cells (CSCs) are two major hallmarks of solid tumors. They have long received attention for their critical roles in tumor progression, metastasis and recurrence. Meanwhile, plenty of evidence indicates the close association between CSCs and tumor vasculature. CSCs are proven to promote tumor angiogenesis, and the highly vascularized tumor microenvironment further maintains CSCs growth in return, thereby forming a hard-breaking vicious circle to promote tumor development. Hence, though monotherapy targeting tumor vasculature or CSCs has been extensively studied over the past decades, the poor prognosis has been limiting the clinical application. This review summarizes the crosstalk between tumor vasculature and CSCs with emphasis on small-molecule compounds and the associated biological signaling pathways. We also highlight the importance of linking tumor vessels to CSCs to disrupt the CSCs-angiogenesis vicious circle. More precise treatment regimens targeting tumor vasculature and CSCs are expected to benefit future tumor treatment development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yufei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Changheng Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Chenyang Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shi Du
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Jing Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China.
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10
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Golub A, Ordak M, Nasierowski T, Bujalska-Zadrozny M. Advanced Biomarkers of Hepatotoxicity in Psychiatry: A Narrative Review and Recommendations for New Psychoactive Substances. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119413. [PMID: 37298365 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the factors that increase the effectiveness of the pharmacotherapy used in patients abusing various types of new psychoactive substances (NPSs) is the proper functioning of the liver. However, the articles published to date on NPS hepatotoxicity only address non-specific hepatic parameters. The aim of this manuscript was to review three advanced markers of hepatotoxicity in psychiatry, namely, osteopontin (OPN), high-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) and glutathione dehydrogenase (GDH, GLDH), and, on this basis, to identify recommendations that should be included in future studies in patients abusing NPSs. This will make it possible to determine whether NPSs do indeed have a hepatotoxic effect or whether other factors, such as additional substances taken or hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, are responsible. NPS abusers are at particular risk of HCV infection, and for this reason, it is all the more important to determine what factors actually show a hepatotoxic effect in them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniela Golub
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Pharmaceutical Care, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1 Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michal Ordak
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Pharmaceutical Care, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1 Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Nasierowski
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Nowowiejska 27 Str., 00-665 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Bujalska-Zadrozny
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Pharmaceutical Care, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1 Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
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11
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Sinha SK, Mellody M, Carpio MB, Damoiseaux R, Nicholas SB. Osteopontin as a Biomarker in Chronic Kidney Disease. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1356. [PMID: 37239027 PMCID: PMC10216241 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteopontin (OPN) is a ubiquitously expressed protein with a wide range of physiological functions, including roles in bone mineralization, immune regulation, and wound healing. OPN has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several forms of chronic kidney disease (CKD) where it promotes inflammation and fibrosis and regulates calcium and phosphate metabolism. OPN expression is increased in the kidneys, blood, and urine of patients with CKD, particularly in those with diabetic kidney disease and glomerulonephritis. The full-length OPN protein is cleaved by various proteases, including thrombin, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3, MMP-7, cathepsin-D, and plasmin, producing N-terminal OPN (ntOPN), which may have more detrimental effects in CKD. Studies suggest that OPN may serve as a biomarker in CKD, and while more research is needed to fully evaluate and validate OPN and ntOPN as CKD biomarkers, the available evidence suggests that they are promising candidates for further investigation. Targeting OPN may be a potential treatment strategy. Several studies show that inhibition of OPN expression or activity can attenuate kidney injury and improve kidney function. In addition to its effects on kidney function, OPN has been linked to cardiovascular disease, which is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satyesh K. Sinha
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA;
- Division of Endocrinology, Molecular Medicine and Metabolism, Charles R. Drew University of Science and Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA
| | - Michael Mellody
- Department of Bioengineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA;
| | - Maria Beatriz Carpio
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA;
| | - Robert Damoiseaux
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA;
| | - Susanne B. Nicholas
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA;
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12
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Palma AM, Bushnell GG, Wicha MS, Gogna R. Tumor microenvironment interactions with cancer stem cells in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Adv Cancer Res 2023; 159:343-372. [PMID: 37268400 PMCID: PMC11218813 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2023.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most common type of pancreatic cancer in the United States. Additionally, the low survival rate makes PDAC the third-leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the United States, and it is projected that by 2030, it will become the second-leading cause of cancer mortality. Several biological factors contribute to PDAC aggressiveness, and their understanding will narrow the gap from biology to clinical care of PDAC, leading to earlier diagnoses and the development of better treatment options. In this review, we describe the origins of PDAC highlighting the role of cancer stem cells (CSC). CSC, also known as tumor initiating cells, which exhibit a unique metabolism that allows them to maintain a highly plastic, quiescent, immune- and therapy-evasive state. However, CSCs can exit quiescence during proliferation and differentiation, with the capacity to form tumors while constituting a small population in tumor tissues. Tumorigenesis depends on the interactions between CSCs and other cellular and non-cellular components in the microenvironment. These interactions are fundamental to support CSC stemness and are maintained throughout tumor development and metastasis. PDAC is characterized by a massive desmoplastic reaction, which result from the deposition of high amounts of extracellular matrix components by stromal cells. Here we review how this generates a favorable environment for tumor growth by protecting tumor cells from immune responses and chemotherapy and inducing tumor cell proliferation and migration, leading to metastasis formation ultimately leading to death. We emphasize the interactions between CSCs and the tumor microenvironment leading to metastasis formation and posit that better understanding and targeting of these interactions will improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Grace G Bushnell
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Max S Wicha
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
| | - Rajan Gogna
- VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States.
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13
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Palma AM, Vudatha V, Peixoto ML, Madan E. Tumor heterogeneity: An oncogenic driver of PDAC progression and therapy resistance under stress conditions. Adv Cancer Res 2023; 159:203-249. [PMID: 37268397 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2023.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a clinically challenging disease usually diagnosed at advanced or metastasized stage. By this year end, there are an expected increase in 62,210 new cases and 49,830 deaths in the United States, with 90% corresponding to PDAC subtype alone. Despite advances in cancer therapy, one of the major challenges combating PDAC remains tumor heterogeneity between PDAC patients and within the primary and metastatic lesions of the same patient. This review describes the PDAC subtypes based on the genomic, transcriptional, epigenetic, and metabolic signatures observed among patients and within individual tumors. Recent studies in tumor biology suggest PDAC heterogeneity as a major driver of disease progression under conditions of stress including hypoxia and nutrient deprivation, leading to metabolic reprogramming. We therefore advance our understanding in identifying the underlying mechanisms that interfere with the crosstalk between the extracellular matrix components and tumor cells that define the mechanics of tumor growth and metastasis. The bilateral interaction between the heterogeneous tumor microenvironment and PDAC cells serves as another important contributor that characterizes the tumor-promoting or tumor-suppressing phenotypes providing an opportunity for an effective treatment regime. Furthermore, we highlight the dynamic reciprocating interplay between the stromal and immune cells that impact immune surveillance or immune evasion response and contribute towards a complex process of tumorigenesis. In summary, the review encapsulates the existing knowledge of the currently applied treatments for PDAC with emphasis on tumor heterogeneity, manifesting at multiple levels, impacting disease progression and therapy resistance under stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vignesh Vudatha
- Department of Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States
| | | | - Esha Madan
- Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal; Department of Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States.
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14
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Ruze R, Song J, Yin X, Chen Y, Xu R, Wang C, Zhao Y. Mechanisms of obesity- and diabetes mellitus-related pancreatic carcinogenesis: a comprehensive and systematic review. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:139. [PMID: 36964133 PMCID: PMC10039087 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01376-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Research on obesity- and diabetes mellitus (DM)-related carcinogenesis has expanded exponentially since these two diseases were recognized as important risk factors for cancers. The growing interest in this area is prominently actuated by the increasing obesity and DM prevalence, which is partially responsible for the slight but constant increase in pancreatic cancer (PC) occurrence. PC is a highly lethal malignancy characterized by its insidious symptoms, delayed diagnosis, and devastating prognosis. The intricate process of obesity and DM promoting pancreatic carcinogenesis involves their local impact on the pancreas and concurrent whole-body systemic changes that are suitable for cancer initiation. The main mechanisms involved in this process include the excessive accumulation of various nutrients and metabolites promoting carcinogenesis directly while also aggravating mutagenic and carcinogenic metabolic disorders by affecting multiple pathways. Detrimental alterations in gastrointestinal and sex hormone levels and microbiome dysfunction further compromise immunometabolic regulation and contribute to the establishment of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) for carcinogenesis, which can be exacerbated by several crucial pathophysiological processes and TME components, such as autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and exosome secretion. This review provides a comprehensive and critical analysis of the immunometabolic mechanisms of obesity- and DM-related pancreatic carcinogenesis and dissects how metabolic disorders impair anticancer immunity and influence pathophysiological processes to favor cancer initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rexiati Ruze
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100730, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumors, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100023, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 9 Dongdan Santiao, Beijing, China
| | - Jianlu Song
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100730, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumors, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100023, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 9 Dongdan Santiao, Beijing, China
| | - Xinpeng Yin
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100730, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumors, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100023, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 9 Dongdan Santiao, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100730, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumors, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100023, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 9 Dongdan Santiao, Beijing, China
| | - Ruiyuan Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100730, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumors, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100023, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 9 Dongdan Santiao, Beijing, China
| | - Chengcheng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100730, Beijing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumors, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100023, Beijing, China.
| | - Yupei Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100730, Beijing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumors, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100023, Beijing, China.
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15
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Histone Modifications Represent a Key Epigenetic Feature of Epithelial-to-Mesenchyme Transition in Pancreatic Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054820. [PMID: 36902253 PMCID: PMC10003015 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal malignant diseases due to its high invasiveness, early metastatic properties, rapid disease progression, and typically late diagnosis. Notably, the capacity for pancreatic cancer cells to undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is key to their tumorigenic and metastatic potential, and is a feature that can explain the therapeutic resistance of such cancers to treatment. Epigenetic modifications are a central molecular feature of EMT, for which histone modifications are most prevalent. The modification of histones is a dynamic process typically carried out by pairs of reverse catalytic enzymes, and the functions of these enzymes are increasingly relevant to our improved understanding of cancer. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms through which histone-modifying enzymes regulate EMT in pancreatic cancer.
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16
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Abou Khouzam R, Lehn JM, Mayr H, Clavien PA, Wallace MB, Ducreux M, Limani P, Chouaib S. Hypoxia, a Targetable Culprit to Counter Pancreatic Cancer Resistance to Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041235. [PMID: 36831579 PMCID: PMC9953896 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most common type of pancreatic cancer, and it is a disease of dismal prognosis. While immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of various solid tumors, it has achieved little success in PDAC. Hypoxia within the stroma-rich tumor microenvironment is associated with resistance to therapies and promotes angiogenesis, giving rise to a chaotic and leaky vasculature that is inefficient at shuttling oxygen and nutrients. Hypoxia and its downstream effectors have been implicated in immune resistance and could be contributing to the lack of response to immunotherapy experienced by patients with PDAC. Paradoxically, increasing evidence has shown hypoxia to augment genomic instability and mutagenesis in cancer, suggesting that hypoxic tumor cells could have increased production of neoantigens that can potentially enable their clearance by cytotoxic immune cells. Strategies aimed at relieving this condition have been on the rise, and one such approach opts for normalizing the tumor vasculature to reverse hypoxia and its downstream support of tumor pathogenesis. An important consideration for the successful implementation of such strategies in the clinic is that not all PDACs are equally hypoxic, therefore hypoxia-detection approaches should be integrated to enable optimal patient selection for achieving improved patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raefa Abou Khouzam
- Thumbay Research Institute for Precision Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman P.O. Box 4184, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jean-Marie Lehn
- Institut de Science et d’Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS), Université de Strasbourg, 8 Allée Gaspard Monge, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Hemma Mayr
- Swiss Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary (HPB) and Transplantation Center, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Surgery & Transplantation, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Pierre-Alain Clavien
- Swiss Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary (HPB) and Transplantation Center, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Surgery & Transplantation, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Bradley Wallace
- Gastroenterology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sheikh Shakhbout Medical City, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 11001, United Arab Emirates
| | - Michel Ducreux
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Gustave Roussy Cancer Institute, F-94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Perparim Limani
- Swiss Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary (HPB) and Transplantation Center, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Surgery & Transplantation, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland
- Correspondence: (P.L.); (S.C.); Tel.: +41-78-859-68-07 (P.L.); +33-(0)1-42-11-45-47 (S.C.)
| | - Salem Chouaib
- Thumbay Research Institute for Precision Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman P.O. Box 4184, United Arab Emirates
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Gustave Roussy, Faculty of Medicine, University Paris-Saclay, F-94805 Villejuif, France
- Correspondence: (P.L.); (S.C.); Tel.: +41-78-859-68-07 (P.L.); +33-(0)1-42-11-45-47 (S.C.)
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17
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Qin Q, Chen H, Xu H, Zhang X, Chen J, Zhang C, Liu J, Xu L, Sun X. FoxM1 knockdown enhanced radiosensitivity of esophageal cancer by inducing apoptosis. J Cancer 2023; 14:454-463. [PMID: 36860922 PMCID: PMC9969576 DOI: 10.7150/jca.76671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Radioresistance is a main reason for local recurrence of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Forkhead box M1 (FoxM1) is implicated in cancer progression and chemoresistance. This study aims to determine the role of FoxM1 in ESCC radioresistance. We found that FoxM1 protein was upregulated in ESCC tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues. In vitro assays revealed that following irradiation, Eca-109, TE-13, and KYSE-150 cells had increased levels of FoxM1 protein. FoxM1 knockdown resulted in significantly reduced colony formation and increased cell apoptosis following irradiation. Moreover, FoxM1 knockdown induced ESCC cells to accumulate in the radiosensitive G2 /M phase and impeded the repair of radiation-induced DNA damage. Mechanistic studies indicated that radiosensitization of ESCC enhanced by FoxM1 knockdown was associated with increased BAX/BCL2 ratio as well as downregulated Survivin and XIAP, followed by the activation of both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis pathways. In xenograft mouse model, the combination of radiation and FoxM1-shRNA led to a synergistic anti-tumor effect. In conclusion, FoxM1 is a promising target to enhance radiosensitivity of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Qin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huazhong Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaowen Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junqiang Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liping Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinchen Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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18
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Fan L, Wang X, Cheng C, Wang S, Li X, Cui J, Zhang B, Shi L. Inhibitory Effect and Mechanism of Ursolic Acid on Cisplatin-Induced Resistance and Stemness in Human Lung Cancer A549 Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2023; 2023:1307323. [PMID: 37089712 PMCID: PMC10121351 DOI: 10.1155/2023/1307323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
The survival rate of lung cancer patients remains low largely due to chemotherapy resistance during treatment, and cancer stem cells (CSCs) may hold the key to targeting this resistance. Cisplatin is a chemotherapy drug commonly used in cancer treatment, yet the mechanisms of intrinsic cisplatin resistance have not yet been determined because lung CSCs are hard to identify. In this paper, we proposed a mechanism relating to the function of ursolic acid (UA), a new drug, in reversing the cisplatin resistance of lung cancer cells regulated by CSCs. Human lung cancer cell line A549 was selected as the model cell and treated to become a cisplatin-resistant lung cancer cell line (A549-CisR), which was less sensitive to cisplatin and showed an enhanced capability of tumor sphere formation. Furthermore, in the A549-CisR cell line expression, levels of pluripotent stem cell transcription factors Oct-4, Sox-2, and c-Myc were increased, and activation of the Jak2/Stat3 signaling pathway was promoted. When UA was applied to the cisplatin-resistant cells, levels of the pluripotent stem cell transcription factors were restrained by the inhibition of the Jak2/Stat3 signaling pathway, which reduced the enrichment of tumor stem cells, and in turn, reversed cisplatin resistance in lung cancer cells. Hence, as a potential antitumor drug, UA may be able to inhibit the enrichment of the lung CSC population by inhibiting the activation of the Jak2-Stat3 pathway and preventing the resistance of lung cancer cells to cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luxin Fan
- Department of Respiratory, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang 261041, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Microbiological Laboratory, Weifang Inspection and Testing Center, Weifang 261100, China
| | - Congcong Cheng
- Department of Oncology, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Qingzhou 262500, China
| | - Shuxiao Wang
- Intravenous Drug Dispensing Center, Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China
| | - Xuesong Li
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Jiayu Cui
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Baogang Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Lihong Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
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19
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Zhang W, Qian W, Gu J, Gong M, Zhang W, Zhang S, Zhou C, Jiang Z, Jiang J, Han L, Wang X, Wu Z, Ma Q, Wang Z. Mutant p53 driven-LINC00857, a protein scaffold between FOXM1 and deubiquitinase OTUB1, promotes the metastasis of pancreatic cancer. Cancer Lett 2023; 552:215976. [PMID: 36272615 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Tumour metastasis is the major adverse factor for recurrence and death in pancreatic cancer (PC) patients. P53 mutations are considered to be the second most common type of mutation in PC and significantly promote PC metastasis. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of p53 mutations, especially the regulatory relationship of the protein with long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), remain unclear. In the present study, we demonstrated that the lncRNA LINC00857 exhibits a significantly elevated level in PC and that it is associated with poor prognosis; furthermore, TCGA data showed that LINC00857 expression was significantly upregulated in the mutant p53 group compared with the wild-type p53 group. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments showed that LINC00857 promotes the metastasis of PC cells. We further found that LINC00857 upregulates FOXM1 protein expression and thus accelerates metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, LINC00857 bound simultaneously to FOXM1 and to the deubiquitinase OTUB1, thereby serving as a protein scaffold and enhancing the interaction between FOXM1 and OTUB1, which inhibits FOXM1 degradation through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Interestingly, we found that mutant p53 promotes LINC00857 transcription by binding to its promoter region. Finally, atorvastatin, a commonly prescribe lipid-lowering drug, appeared to inhibit PC metastasis by inhibiting the mutant p53-LINC00857 axis. Taken together, our results provide new insights into the biology driving PC metastasis and indicate that the mutant p53-LINC00857 axis might represent a novel therapeutic target for PC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifan Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China; Pancreatic Disease Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Weikun Qian
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China; Pancreatic Disease Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jingtao Gu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China; Pancreatic Disease Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Mengyuan Gong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China; Pancreatic Disease Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Wunai Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China; Pancreatic Disease Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Simei Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China; Pancreatic Disease Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Cancan Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China; Pancreatic Disease Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zhengdong Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jie Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China; Pancreatic Disease Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Liang Han
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China; Pancreatic Disease Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xiaoqin Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zheng Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China; Pancreatic Disease Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Qingyong Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China; Pancreatic Disease Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China; Pancreatic Disease Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China.
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20
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Wang Q, Wang H, Ding Y, Wan M, Xu M. The Role of Adipokines in Pancreatic Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:926230. [PMID: 35875143 PMCID: PMC9305334 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.926230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In modern society, inappropriate diets and other lifestyle habits have made obesity an increasingly prominent health problem. Pancreatic cancer (PC), a kind of highly aggressive malignant tumor, is known as a silent assassin and is the seventh leading cause of cancer death worldwide, pushing modern medicine beyond help. Adipokines are coming into notice because of the role of the intermediate regulatory junctions between obesity and malignancy. This review summarizes the current evidence for the relationship between highly concerning adipokines and the pathogenesis of PC. Not only are classical adipokines such as leptin and adiponectin included, but they also cover the recognized chemerin and osteopontin. Through a summary of the biological functions of these adipokines as well as their receptors, it was discovered that in addition to their basic function of stimulating the biological activity of tumors, more studies confirm that adipokines intervene in the progression of PC from the viewpoint of tumor metabolism, immune escape, and reprogramming of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Besides endocrine function, the impact of white adipose tissue (WAT)-induced chronic inflammation on PC is briefly discussed. Furthermore, the potential implication of the acknowledged endocrine behavior of brown adipose tissue (BAT) in relation to carcinogenesis is also explored. No matter the broad spectrum of obesity and the poor prognosis of PC, supplemental research is needed to unravel the detailed network of adipokines associated with PC. Exploiting profound therapeutic strategies that target adipokines and their receptors may go some way to improving the current worrying prognosis of PC patients.
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Management of Pancreatic Cancer and Its Microenvironment: Potential Impact of Nano-Targeting. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14122879. [PMID: 35740545 PMCID: PMC9221065 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14122879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The poor prognosis and survival rates associated with pancreatic cancer show that there is a clear unmet need for better disease management. The heterogeneity of the tumor and its microenvironment, including stroma and fibrosis, creates a challenge for current therapy. The pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer is mediated by several factors, such as severed communication between pancreatic stellate cells and stroma and the consequences of hypoxia-inducible factors that aid in the survival of the pancreatic tumor. Given the multiple limitations of molecular targeting, multiple functional nano-targeting offers a breakthrough in pancreatic cancer treatment through its ability to overcome the physical challenges posed by the tumor microenvironment, amongst many others. Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is rare and difficult to treat, making it a complicated diagnosis for every patient. These patients have a low survival rate along with a poor quality of life under current pancreatic cancer therapies that adversely affect healthy cells due to the lack of precise drug targeting. Additionally, chemoresistance and radioresistance are other key challenges in PDAC, which might be due in part to the lack of tumor-targeted delivery of sufficient levels of different chemotherapies because of their low therapeutic index. Thus, instead of leaving a trail of off-target damage when killing these cancer cells, it is best to find a way that targets them directly. More seriously, metastatic relapse often occurs after surgery, and therefore, achieving improved outcomes in the management of PDAC in the absence of strategies preventing metastasis is likely to be impossible. Nano-targeting of the tumor and its microenvironment has shown promise for treating various cancers, which might be a promising approach for PDAC. This review updates the advancements in treatment modalities for pancreatic cancer and highlights future directions that warrant further investigation to increase pancreatic patients’ overall survival.
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22
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Zhu J, Zhao J, Luo C, Zhu Z, Peng X, Zhu X, Lin K, Bu F, Zhang W, Li Q, Wang K, Hu Z, Yu X, Chen L, Yuan R. FAT10 promotes chemotherapeutic resistance in pancreatic cancer by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition via stabilization of FOXM1 expression. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:497. [PMID: 35614040 PMCID: PMC9132907 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04960-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the deadliest malignant tumors, and its resistance to gemcitabine chemotherapy is the primary reason for poor prognosis in patients. Ubiquitin-like protein FAT10 has recently been reported to promote tumor chemotherapy resistance. In this study, the expression of FAT10 in PC was significantly higher than that in adjacent noncancerous tissues. Increased expression of FAT10 in PC was related to a late TNM stage and decreased overall survival. Functional experiments revealed that downregulating the expression of FAT10 inhibits the proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of PC cells, promotes the apoptosis of PC cells, and enhances sensitivity to gemcitabine chemotherapy. In addition, upregulation of FAT10 increased the expression of FOXM1 protein. The effect of downregulating FAT10 was reversed by FOXM1 overexpression, and FOXM1 knockdown inhibited EMT driven by FAT10 overexpression. Mechanistically, FAT10 stabilized the expression of FOXM1 by competing with ubiquitin to bind FOXM1 and inhibiting the ubiquitination-mediated degradation of FOXM1. In conclusion, the FAT10-FOXM1 axis is a pivotal driver of PC proliferation and gemcitabine resistance, and the results provide novel insights into chemotherapy resistance in PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Jiefeng Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Chen Luo
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Zhengming Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xingyu Peng
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xiaojian Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Kang Lin
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Fanqin Bu
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Wenjun Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for General Surgery Disease, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Zhigang Hu
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xin Yu
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for General Surgery Disease, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Leifeng Chen
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China.
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China.
| | - Rongfa Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China.
- Jiangxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for General Surgery Disease, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China.
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23
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Qin S, Yi L, Liang Y, Chen Y, Wang W, Liao Y, Zhang C, Huang H, Huang J, Yao S. Biological and Clinicopathological Characteristics of OPN in Cervical Cancers. Front Genet 2022; 13:836509. [PMID: 35669197 PMCID: PMC9163571 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.836509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cervical cancer (CC) is the most common gynecological malignancy. Recently, an increasing number of studies have indicated that osteopontin (OPN) is a promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for CC. However, the biological role and detailed mechanism of OPN in CC remain unclear. Methods: The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets and a clinical sample microarray were used in our study. To identify the clinicopathological characteristics of OPN in CC, we compared the expression of OPN between normal and CC tissue samples and analyzed the correlations between OPN expression and multiple clinicopathological features. To identify biological processes involving OPN, OPN-associated genes were screened with Pearson correlation analysis and applied in hallmark gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Additionally, leukocyte infiltration was evaluated based on OPN expression. Finally, OPN-related signaling pathways were identified by GSEA. Results: OPN expression was higher in CC samples than in normal tissue samples and positively correlated with age, FIGO stage, tumor size, lymphovascular invasion and an unfavorable prognosis. OPN-associated genes were mainly enriched in the immune response, and increased OPN expression was accompanied by increased M2 macrophage infiltration. Additionally, OPN was correlated with hypoxia, high glycolytic metabolism, apoptosis, angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and multiple signaling pathways (the p53 pathway, the PI3K/Akt pathway, IL6/STAT3 signaling, mTORC1 signaling and KRAS signaling). Conclusion: Our study showed that OPN is involved in immunological activities and multiple tumor processes, identifying it as a potential therapeutic target and useful prognostic factor in CC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhang Qin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Yi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanchun Liang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yili Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuandong Liao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunyu Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaming Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jiaming Huang, ; Shuzhong Yao,
| | - Shuzhong Yao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jiaming Huang, ; Shuzhong Yao,
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24
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Chen Y, Wang C, Song J, Xu R, Ruze R, Zhao Y. S100A2 Is a Prognostic Biomarker Involved in Immune Infiltration and Predict Immunotherapy Response in Pancreatic Cancer. Front Immunol 2021; 12:758004. [PMID: 34887861 PMCID: PMC8650155 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.758004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a highly fatal and aggressive disease with its incidence and mortality quite discouraging. It is of great significance to construct an effective prognostic signature of PC and find the novel biomarker for the optimization of the clinical decision-making. Due to the crucial role of immunity in tumor development, a prognostic model based on nine immune-related genes was constructed, which was proved to be effective in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) training set, TCGA testing set, TCGA entire set, GSE78229 set, and GSE62452 set. Furthermore, S100A2 (S100 Calcium Binding Protein A2) was identified as the gene occupying the most paramount position in risk model. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), ESTIMATE and CIBERSORT algorithm revealed that S100A2 was closely associated with the immune status in PC microenvironment, mainly related to lower proportion of CD8+T cells and activated NK cells and higher proportion of M0 macrophages. Meanwhile, patients with high S100A2 expression might get more benefit from immunotherapy according to immunophenoscore algorithm. Afterwards, our independent cohort was also used to demonstrate S100A2 was an unfavorable marker of PC, as well as its remarkably positive correlation with the expression of PD-L1. In conclusion, our results demonstrate S100A2 might be responsible for the preservation of immune-suppressive status in PC microenvironment, which was identified with significant potentiality in predicting prognosis and immunotherapy response in PC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Chen
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chengcheng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jianlu Song
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ruiyuan Xu
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Rexiati Ruze
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yupei Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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The metabolic flexibility of quiescent CSC: implications for chemotherapy resistance. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:835. [PMID: 34482364 PMCID: PMC8418609 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04116-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Quiescence has been observed in stem cells (SCs), including adult SCs and cancer SCs (CSCs). Conventional chemotherapies mostly target proliferating cancer cells, while the quiescent state favors CSCs escape to chemotherapeutic drugs, leaving risks for tumor recurrence or metastasis. The tumor microenvironment (TME) provides various signals that maintain resident quiescent CSCs, protect them from immune surveillance, and facilitates their recurrence potential. Since the TME has the potential to support and initiate stem cell-like programs in cancer cells, targeting the TME components may prove to be a powerful modality for the treatment of chemotherapy resistance. In addition, an increasing number of studies have discovered that CSCs exhibit the potential of metabolic flexibility when metabolic substrates are limited, and display increased robustness in response to stress. Accompanied by chemotherapy that targets proliferative cancer cells, treatments that modulate CSC quiescence through the regulation of metabolic pathways also show promise. In this review, we focus on the roles of metabolic flexibility and the TME on CSCs quiescence and further discuss potential treatments of targeting CSCs and the TME to limit chemotherapy resistance.
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26
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Zubareva EY, Senchukova MA. Prognostic and predictive significance of osteopontin in malignant neoplasms. ADVANCES IN MOLECULAR ONCOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.17650/2313-805x-2021-8-2-23-28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Osteopontin is an extracellular matrix protein which is produced by different types of cells and plays an important functional role in many biological processes. This review discusses the main functions of osteopontin, its role in the progression and chemoresistance of malignant neoplasms, in the regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition, angiogenesis, and the body’s immune response to the tumor. The article considers the currently known mechanisms by which osteopontin affects to the survival, mobility and invasion of tumor cells, to tumor sensitivity to drug treatment, as well as the prospects for a integrated study of the predictive significance of osteopontin, markers of hypoxia, angiogenesis, epithelial- mesenchymal transition, and immunological tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Yu. Zubareva
- Orenburg Regional Clinical Oncological Dispensary; Orenburg State Medical University
| | - M. A. Senchukova
- Orenburg Regional Clinical Oncological Dispensary; Orenburg State Medical University
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27
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Shi L, Hou J, Wang L, Fu H, Zhang Y, Song Y, Wang X. Regulatory roles of osteopontin in human lung cancer cell epithelial-to-mesenchymal transitions and responses. Clin Transl Med 2021; 11:e486. [PMID: 34323425 PMCID: PMC8265167 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is still the main cause of death in patients with cancer, due to poor understanding of intracellular regulations. Of those, osteopontin (OPN) may induce the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) to promote tumor cell metastasis. The present study aims to evaluate the regulatory mechanism of internal and external OPN in the development of lung cancer. METHODS We evaluated genetic variations and different bioinformatics of genes in chromosome 4 among subtypes of lung cancer using global databases. We validated the expression of OPN and EMT-related proteins (e.g., E-cadherin, vimentin) in 208 non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumors and the adjacent nontumorous tissues, further to explore the function of OPN in the progression of lung cancer, with a focus on a potential communication between OPN and EMT in the lung cancer. RESULTS We found that OPN might act as a target molecule in lung cancer, which is associated with lymph node metastasis, postresection recurrence/metastasis, and prognosis of patients with lung cancer. Biological behaviors and pathological responses of OPN varied among diseases, challenges, and severities. Overexpression of OPN was correlated with the existence of EMT in lung cancer tissues. Internal and external OPN plays the decisive roles in lung cancer cell movement, proliferation, and EMT formation, through the upregulation of OPN-PI3K and OPN-MEK pathways. PI3K and MEK inhibitors downregulated the process of EMT and biological behaviors of lung cancer cells, probably through altering vimentin-associated cytoskeletons. CONCLUSION OPN can be a metastasis-associated or specific biomarker for lung cancer and a potential target for antimetastatic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Shi
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineZhongshan HospitalShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Engineering Research for AI Technology for Cardiopulmonary DiseasesShanghaiChina
- Fudan University Shanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina
| | - Jiayun Hou
- Institute for Clinical ScienceShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Institute of Clinical BioinformaticsShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Engineering Research for AI Technology for Cardiopulmonary DiseasesShanghaiChina
- Jinshan Hospital Centre for Tumor Diagnosis and TherapyShanghaiChina
- Fudan University Shanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineZhongshan HospitalShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Engineering Research for AI Technology for Cardiopulmonary DiseasesShanghaiChina
- Fudan University Shanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina
| | - Huirong Fu
- Institute for Clinical ScienceShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Institute of Clinical BioinformaticsShanghaiChina
- Jinshan Hospital Centre for Tumor Diagnosis and TherapyShanghaiChina
- Fudan University Shanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- Institute for Clinical ScienceShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Institute of Clinical BioinformaticsShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Engineering Research for AI Technology for Cardiopulmonary DiseasesShanghaiChina
- Jinshan Hospital Centre for Tumor Diagnosis and TherapyShanghaiChina
- Fudan University Shanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina
| | - Yuanlin Song
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineZhongshan HospitalShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Engineering Research for AI Technology for Cardiopulmonary DiseasesShanghaiChina
- Fudan University Shanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina
| | - Xiangdong Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineZhongshan HospitalShanghaiChina
- Institute for Clinical ScienceShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Institute of Clinical BioinformaticsShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Engineering Research for AI Technology for Cardiopulmonary DiseasesShanghaiChina
- Jinshan Hospital Centre for Tumor Diagnosis and TherapyShanghaiChina
- Fudan University Shanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina
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Yang J, Zhong J, Zhou M, Zhou Y, Xiu P, Liu F, Wang F, Li Z, Tang Y, Chen Y, Yao S, Huang T, Liu T, Dong X. Targeting of the COX-2/PGE2 axis enhances the antitumor activity of T7 peptide in vitro and in vivo. Drug Deliv 2021; 28:844-855. [PMID: 33928829 PMCID: PMC8812588 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2021.1914776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
T7 peptide is considered as an antiangiogenic polypeptide. The presents study aimed to further detect the antiangiogenic mechanisms of T7 peptide and determine whether combining T7 peptide and meloxicam (COX-2/PGE2 specific inhibitor) could offer a better therapy to combat hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). T7 peptide suppressed the proliferation, migration, tube formation, and promoted the apoptosis of endothelial cells under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions via integrin α3β1 and αvβ3 pathways. Cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis, or tube formation ability were detected, and the expression of integrin-associated regulatory proteins was detected. The anti-tumor activity of T7 peptide, meloxicam, and their combination were evaluated in HCC tumor models established in mice. T7 peptide suppressed the proliferation, migration, tube formation, and promoted the apoptosis of endothelial cells under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions via integrin α3β1 and αvβ3 pathways. Meloxicam enhanced the activity of T7 peptide under hypoxic condition. T7 peptide partly inhibited COX-2 expression via integrin α3β1 not αvβ3-dependent pathways under hypoxic condition. T7 peptide regulated apoptosis associated protein through MAPK-dependent and -independent pathways under hypoxic condition. The MAPK pathway was activated by the COX-2/PGE2 axis under hypoxic condition. The combination of T7 and meloxicam showed a stronger anti-tumor effect against HCC tumors in mice. The data highlight that meloxicam enhanced the antiangiogenic activity of T7 peptide in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianrong Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary, Pancreas and Spleen Surgery, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Jingtao Zhong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Mi Zhou
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yinghong Zhou
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Peng Xiu
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Fuhai Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Zelun Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary, Pancreas and Spleen Surgery, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Yuntian Tang
- Department of Hepatobiliary, Pancreas and Spleen Surgery, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary, Pancreas and Spleen Surgery, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Siyang Yao
- Department of Hepatobiliary, Pancreas and Spleen Surgery, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary, Pancreas and Spleen Surgery, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Tianqi Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary, Pancreas and Spleen Surgery, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaofeng Dong
- Department of Hepatobiliary, Pancreas and Spleen Surgery, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
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Abstract
Secretory proteins in tumor tissues are important components of the tumor microenvironment. Secretory proteins act on tumor cells or stromal cells or mediate interactions between tumor cells and stromal cells, thereby affecting tumor progression and clinical treatment efficacy. In this paper, recent research advances in secretory proteins in malignant tumors are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Center for Cancer Precision Medicine, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Jiajie Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Center for Cancer Precision Medicine, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yan Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Center for Cancer Precision Medicine, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Mingrong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Center for Cancer Precision Medicine, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
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30
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Abstract
Therapy resistance is a major problem when treating cancer patients as cancer cells develop mechanisms that counteract the effect of therapeutic compounds, leading to fit and more aggressive clones that contribute to poor prognosis. Therapy resistance can be both intrinsic and/or acquired. These are multifactorial events, and some are related to factors including adaptations in cancer stem cells (CSCs), epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), deregulation of key signaling pathways, drug efflux through ABC transporters, acquired mutations, evading apoptosis, and activation of DNA damage response among others. Among these factors, CSCs represent the major source of therapy resistance. CSCs are a subset of tumor cells that are capable of self-renewal and multilineage progenitor expansion that are known to be intrinsically resistant to anticancer treatments. Multiple clones of CSCs pre-exist, and some can adopt and expand easily to changes in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and/or in response to radio- and chemotherapy. A combination of both intrinsic and extrinsic factors contributes to CSC-mediated therapy resistance. In this review, we will focus on CSCs and therapy resistance as well as suggest strategies to eliminate CSCs and, therefore, overcome resistance. Video abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030-4009 USA
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenning Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jaffer A. Ajani
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030-4009 USA
| | - Shumei Song
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030-4009 USA
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Kalathil D, John S, Nair AS. FOXM1 and Cancer: Faulty Cellular Signaling Derails Homeostasis. Front Oncol 2021; 10:626836. [PMID: 33680951 PMCID: PMC7927600 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.626836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Forkhead box transcription factor, FOXM1 is implicated in several cellular processes such as proliferation, cell cycle progression, cell differentiation, DNA damage repair, tissue homeostasis, angiogenesis, apoptosis, and redox signaling. In addition to being a boon for the normal functioning of a cell, FOXM1 turns out to be a bane by manifesting in several disease scenarios including cancer. It has been given an oncogenic status based on several evidences indicating its role in tumor development and progression. FOXM1 is highly expressed in several cancers and has also been implicated in poor prognosis. A comprehensive understanding of various aspects of this molecule has revealed its role in angiogenesis, invasion, migration, self- renewal and drug resistance. In this review, we attempt to understand various mechanisms underlying FOXM1 gene and protein regulation in cancer including the different signaling pathways, post-transcriptional and post-translational modifications. Identifying crucial molecules associated with these processes can aid in the development of potential pharmacological approaches to curb FOXM1 mediated tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhanya Kalathil
- Cancer Research Program-4, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Samu John
- Cancer Research Program-4, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, India.,Research Centre, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Asha S Nair
- Cancer Research Program-4, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, India.,Research Centre, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, India
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Tao J, Yang G, Zhou W, Qiu J, Chen G, Luo W, Zhao F, You L, Zheng L, Zhang T, Zhao Y. Targeting hypoxic tumor microenvironment in pancreatic cancer. J Hematol Oncol 2021; 14:14. [PMID: 33436044 PMCID: PMC7805044 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-020-01030-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Attributable to its late diagnosis, early metastasis, and poor prognosis, pancreatic cancer remains one of the most lethal diseases worldwide. Unlike other solid tumors, pancreatic cancer harbors ample stromal cells and abundant extracellular matrix but lacks vascularization, resulting in persistent and severe hypoxia within the tumor. Hypoxic microenvironment has extensive effects on biological behaviors or malignant phenotypes of pancreatic cancer, including metabolic reprogramming, cancer stemness, invasion and metastasis, and pathological angiogenesis, which synergistically contribute to development and therapeutic resistance of pancreatic cancer. Through various mechanisms including but not confined to maintenance of redox homeostasis, activation of autophagy, epigenetic regulation, and those induced by hypoxia-inducible factors, intratumoral hypoxia drives the above biological processes in pancreatic cancer. Recognizing the pivotal roles of hypoxia in pancreatic cancer progression and therapies, hypoxia-based antitumoral strategies have been continuously developed over the recent years, some of which have been applied in clinical trials to evaluate their efficacy and safety in combinatory therapies for patients with pancreatic cancer. In this review, we discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying hypoxia-induced aggressive and therapeutically resistant phenotypes in both pancreatic cancerous and stromal cells. Additionally, we focus more on innovative therapies targeting the tumor hypoxic microenvironment itself, which hold great potential to overcome the resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy and to enhance antitumor efficacy and reduce toxicity to normal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxin Tao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing Street, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Gang Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing Street, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Wenchuan Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Jiangdong Qiu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing Street, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Guangyu Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing Street, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Wenhao Luo
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing Street, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Fangyu Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing Street, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Lei You
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing Street, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Lianfang Zheng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Taiping Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing Street, Beijing, 100730, China. .,Clinical Immunology Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Yupei Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing Street, Beijing, 100730, China.
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Shi Y, Sun L, Zhang R, Hu Y, Wu Y, Dong X, Dong D, Chen C, Geng Z, Li E, Fan Y. Thrombospondin 4/integrin α2/HSF1 axis promotes proliferation and cancer stem-like traits of gallbladder cancer by enhancing reciprocal crosstalk between cancer-associated fibroblasts and tumor cells. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2021; 40:14. [PMID: 33407730 PMCID: PMC7789630 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01812-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), the primary component of tumor stroma in tumor microenvironments, are well-known contributors to the malignant progression of gallbladder cancer (GBC). Thrombospondins (THBSs or TSPs) comprise a family of five adhesive glycoproteins that are overexpressed in many types of cancers. However, the expression and potential roles of TSPs in the crosstalk between CAFs and GBC cells has remained unclear. Methods Peritumoral fibroblasts (PTFs) and CAFs were extracted from GBC tissues. Thrombospondin expression in GBC was screened by RT-qPCR. MTT viability assay, colony formation, EdU incorporation assay, flow cytometry analysis, Transwell assay, tumorsphere formation and western blot assays were performed to investigate the effects of CAF-derived TSP-4 on GBC cell proliferation, EMT and cancer stem-like features. Subcutaneous tumor formation models were established by co-implanting CAFs and GBC cells or GBC cells overexpressing heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) to evaluate the roles of TSP-4 and HSF1 in vivo. To characterize the mechanism by which TSP-4 is involved in the crosstalk between CAFs and GBC cells, the levels of a variety of signaling molecules were detected by coimmunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence staining, and ELISA assays. Results In the present study, we showed that TSP-4, as the stromal glycoprotein, is highly expressed in CAFs from GBC and that CAF-derived TSP-4 induces the proliferation, EMT and cancer stem-like features of GBC cells. Mechanistically, CAF-secreted TSP-4 binds to the transmembrane receptor integrin α2 on GBC cells to induce the phosphorylation of HSF1 at S326 and maintain the malignant phenotypes of GBC cells. Moreover, the TSP-4/integrin α2 axis-induced phosphorylation of HSF1 at S326 is mediated by Akt activation (p-Akt at S473) in GBC cells. In addition, activated HSF1 signaling increased the expression and paracrine signaling of TGF-β1 to induce the transdifferentiation of PTFs into CAFs, leading to their recruitment into GBC and increased TSP-4 expression in CAFs, thereby forming a positive feedback loop to drive the malignant progression of GBC. Conclusions Our data indicate that a complex TSP-4/integrin α2/HSF1/TGF-β cascade mediates reciprocal interactions between GBC cells and CAFs, providing a promising therapeutic target for gallbladder cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Shi
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Liankang Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yuan Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yinying Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xuyuan Dong
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Danfeng Dong
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zhimin Geng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Enxiao Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi Province, China.
| | - Yangwei Fan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi Province, China.
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Butti R, Kumar TVS, Nimma R, Banerjee P, Kundu IG, Kundu GC. Osteopontin Signaling in Shaping Tumor Microenvironment Conducive to Malignant Progression. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1329:419-441. [PMID: 34664250 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-73119-9_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Context-dependent reciprocal crosstalk between cancer and surrounding stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment is imperative for the regulation of various hallmarks of cancer. A myriad of growth factors, chemokines, and their receptors aids in the interaction between cancer cells and tumor microenvironmental components. Osteopontin is a chemokine-like protein, overexpressed in different types of cancers. Osteopontin plays a crucial role in orchestrating dialogue between cancer and stromal cells. Osteopontin, in tumor microenvironment, is produced in tumor as well as stromal cells. Tumor-derived osteopontin regulates proliferation, migration, activation, and differentiation of different types of stromal cells. Osteopontin secreted from tumor cells regulates the generation of cancer-associated fibroblasts from resident fibroblasts and mesenchymal stem cells. Osteopontin also shapes immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment by controlling regulatory T cells and tumor-associated macrophages. Moreover, secretion of osteopontin from tumor stroma has been highly documented. Stromal cell-derived osteopontin induces epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, angiogenesis, metastasis, and cancer stem cell enrichment. Tumor- or stroma-derived osteopontin mainly functions through binding with cell surface receptors, integrins and CD44, and activates downstream signaling events like PI-3 kinase/Akt and MAPK pathways. Presumably, disrupting the communication between the tumor cells and surrounding microenvironment by targeting osteopontin-regulated signaling using specific antibodies, small-molecule inhibitors, and chemotherapeutic agents is a novel therapeutic strategy for clinical management of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Butti
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Angiogenesis and Nanomedicine Research, National Centre for Cell Science, SP Pune University Campus, Pune, India
| | - Totakura V S Kumar
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Angiogenesis and Nanomedicine Research, National Centre for Cell Science, SP Pune University Campus, Pune, India
| | - Ramakrishna Nimma
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Angiogenesis and Nanomedicine Research, National Centre for Cell Science, SP Pune University Campus, Pune, India
| | - Pinaki Banerjee
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Angiogenesis and Nanomedicine Research, National Centre for Cell Science, SP Pune University Campus, Pune, India
| | - Ipsita G Kundu
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Institute of Eminence, Hyderabad, India
| | - Gopal C Kundu
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Angiogenesis and Nanomedicine Research, National Centre for Cell Science, SP Pune University Campus, Pune, India. .,School of Biotechnology and Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences (KIMS), KIIT Deemed to be University, Institute of Eminence, Bhubaneswar, India.
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Zhang Z, Zhang H, Liu T, Chen T, Wang D, Tang D. Heterogeneous Pancreatic Stellate Cells Are Powerful Contributors to the Malignant Progression of Pancreatic Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:783617. [PMID: 34988078 PMCID: PMC8722736 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.783617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is associated with highly malignant tumors and poor prognosis due to strong therapeutic resistance. Accumulating evidence shows that activated pancreatic stellate cells (PSC) play an important role in the malignant progression of pancreatic cancer. In recent years, the rapid development of single-cell sequencing technology has facilitated the analysis of PSC population heterogeneity, allowing for the elucidation of the relationship between different subsets of cells with tumor development and therapeutic resistance. Researchers have identified two spatially separated, functionally complementary, and reversible subtypes, namely myofibroblastic and inflammatory PSC. Myofibroblastic PSC produce large amounts of pro-fibroproliferative collagen fibers, whereas inflammatory PSC express large amounts of inflammatory cytokines. These distinct cell subtypes cooperate to create a microenvironment suitable for cancer cell survival. Therefore, further understanding of the differentiation of PSC and their distinct functions will provide insight into more effective treatment options for pancreatic cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilin Zhang
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Tian Liu
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Tian Chen
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Daorong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital, Clinical Medical College, Institute of General Surgery, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Dong Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital, Clinical Medical College, Institute of General Surgery, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Dong Tang,
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Zhang D, Song D, Shi L, Sun X, Zheng Y, Zeng Y, Wang X. Mechanisms of interactions between lung-origin telocytes and mesenchymal stem cells to treat experimental acute lung injury. Clin Transl Med 2020; 10:e231. [PMID: 33377639 PMCID: PMC7724099 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury is a serious form and major cause of patient death and still needs efficient therapies. The present study evidenced that co-transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and telocytes (TCs) improved the severity of experimental lung tissue inflammation, edema, and injury, where TCs increased MSCs migration into the lung and the capacity of MSCs proliferation and movement. Of molecular mechanisms, Osteopontin-dominant networks were active in MSCs and TCs, and might play supportive and nutrimental roles in the interaction between MSCs and TCs, especially activated TCs by lipopolysaccharide. The interaction between epidermal growth factor and its receptor from MSCs and TCs could play critical roles in communications between MSCs and TCs, responsible for MSCs proliferation and movement, especially after inflammatory activation. Our studies provide the evidence that TCs possess nutrimental and supportive roles in implanted MSCs, and co-transplantation of MSCs and TCs can be a new alternative in the therapy of acute lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Zhang
- Zhongshan Hospital Institute of Clinical ScienceZhongshan HospitalShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineHuashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Dongli Song
- Zhongshan Hospital Institute of Clinical ScienceZhongshan HospitalShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Lin Shi
- Zhongshan Hospital Institute of Clinical ScienceZhongshan HospitalShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xiaoru Sun
- Zhongshan Hospital Institute of Clinical ScienceZhongshan HospitalShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yonghua Zheng
- Department of Respiratory MedicineShanghai Jinshan Tinglin HospitalShanghaiChina
| | - Yiming Zeng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineClinical Center for Molecular Diagnosis and TherapyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityQuanzhouFujian ProvinceChina
| | - Xiangdong Wang
- Zhongshan Hospital Institute of Clinical ScienceZhongshan HospitalShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
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Nwabo Kamdje AH, Seke Etet PF, Simo Tagne R, Vecchio L, Lukong KE, Krampera M. Tumor Microenvironment Uses a Reversible Reprogramming of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells to Mediate Pro-tumorigenic Effects. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:545126. [PMID: 33330442 PMCID: PMC7710932 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.545126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in the tumor microenvironment is well described. Available data support that MSCs display anticancer activities, and that their reprogramming by cancer cells in the tumor microenvironment induces their switch toward pro-tumorigenic activities. Here we discuss the recent evidence of pro-tumorigenic effects of stromal cells, in particular (i) MSC support to cancer cells through the metabolic reprogramming necessary to maintain their malignant behavior and stemness, and (ii) MSC role in cancer cell immunosenescence and in the establishment and maintenance of immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment. We also discuss the mechanisms of tumor microenvironment mediated reprogramming of MSCs, including the effects of hypoxia, tumor stiffness, cancer-promoting cells, and tumor extracellular matrix. Finally, we summarize the emerging strategies for reprogramming tumor MSCs to reactivate anticancer functions of these stromal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armel H. Nwabo Kamdje
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (FMBS), University of Ngaoundéré, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon
| | - Paul F. Seke Etet
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (FMBS), University of Ngaoundéré, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon
- Center for Sustainable Health and Development, Garoua, Cameroon
| | - Richard Simo Tagne
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (FMBS), University of Ngaoundéré, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon
| | - Lorella Vecchio
- Center for Sustainable Health and Development, Garoua, Cameroon
| | - Kiven Erique Lukong
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Mauro Krampera
- Section of Hematology, Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Nwabo Kamdje AH, Seke Etet PF, Simo RT, Vecchio L, Lukong KE, Krampera M. Emerging data supporting stromal cell therapeutic potential in cancer: reprogramming stromal cells of the tumor microenvironment for anti-cancer effects. Cancer Biol Med 2020; 17:828-841. [PMID: 33299638 PMCID: PMC7721102 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2020.0133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
After more than a decade of controversy on the role of stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment, the emerging data shed light on pro-tumorigenic and potential anti-cancer factors, as well as on the roots of the discrepancies. We discuss the pro-tumorigenic effects of stromal cells, considering the effects of tumor drivers like hypoxia and tumor stiffness on these cells, as well as stromal cell-mediated adiposity and immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment, and cancer initiating cells' cellular senescence and adaptive metabolism. We summarize the emerging data supporting stromal cell therapeutic potential in cancer, discuss the possibility to reprogram stromal cells of the tumor microenvironment for anti-cancer effects, and explore some causes of discrepancies on the roles of stromal cells in cancer in the available literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armel Hervé Nwabo Kamdje
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ngaoundere, Faculty of Science, Ngaoundere 454, Cameroon,Correspondence to: Armel Hervé Nwabo Kamdje, E-mail:
| | - Paul Faustin Seke Etet
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Biochemistry, University of Ngaoundéré, Garoua 454, Cameroon,Center for Sustainable Health and Development, Garoua 454, Cameroon
| | - Richard Tagne Simo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ngaoundere, Faculty of Science, Ngaoundere 454, Cameroon
| | - Lorella Vecchio
- Center for Sustainable Health and Development, Garoua 454, Cameroon
| | - Kiven Erique Lukong
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, Saskatoon SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Mauro Krampera
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Section of Hematology, Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Verona 37134, Italy
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Osteopontin: A Key Regulator of Tumor Progression and Immunomodulation. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113379. [PMID: 33203146 PMCID: PMC7698217 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 and anti-CTLA-4-based immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) immunotherapy have recently emerged as a breakthrough in human cancer treatment. Durable efficacy has been achieved in many types of human cancers. However, not all human cancers respond to current ICB immunotherapy and only a fraction of the responsive cancers exhibit efficacy. Osteopontin (OPN) expression is highly elevated in human cancers and functions as a tumor promoter. Emerging data suggest that OPN may also regulate immune cell function in the tumor microenvironment. This review aims at OPN function in human cancer progression and new findings of OPN as a new immune checkpoint. We propose that OPN compensates PD-L1 function to promote tumor immune evasion, which may underlie human cancer non-response to current ICB immunotherapy. Abstract OPN is a multifunctional phosphoglycoprotein expressed in a wide range of cells, including osteoclasts, osteoblasts, neurons, epithelial cells, T, B, NK, NK T, myeloid, and innate lymphoid cells. OPN plays an important role in diverse biological processes and is implicated in multiple diseases such as cardiovascular, diabetes, kidney, proinflammatory, fibrosis, nephrolithiasis, wound healing, and cancer. In cancer patients, overexpressed OPN is often detected in the tumor microenvironment and elevated serum OPN level is correlated with poor prognosis. Initially identified in activated T cells and termed as early T cell activation gene, OPN links innate cells to adaptive cells in immune response to infection and cancer. Recent single cell RNA sequencing revealed that OPN is primarily expressed in tumor cells and tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells in human cancer patients. Emerging experimental data reveal a key role of OPN is tumor immune evasion through regulating macrophage polarization, recruitment, and inhibition of T cell activation in the tumor microenvironment. Therefore, in addition to its well-established direct tumor cell promotion function, OPN also acts as an immune checkpoint to negatively regulate T cell activation. The OPN protein level is highly elevated in peripheral blood of human cancer patients. OPN blockade immunotherapy with OPN neutralization monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) thus represents an attractive approach in human cancer immunotherapy.
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Yuan Y, Liu Q, Wu Z, Luo W. Mechanistic Insight on the Interaction between OPN and Integrin ανβ3 in Osteoarthritis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:2905634. [PMID: 33134374 PMCID: PMC7593734 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2905634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint disease characterized by cartilage degeneration. Osteopontin (OPN) is involved in the initiation, repair, and maintenance of metabolic homeostasis in normal articular cartilage. This study investigated the role of OPN and its interaction with the integrin ανβ3 receptor in the expression of hyaluronic acid (HA) in OA chondrocytes. Overexpression of OPN significantly increased the expression of integrin ανβ3 and hyaluronic acid synthases (HAS) and synthesis of HA. Depleting OPN in OA chondrocytes showed the opposite trend for integrin alpha;νβ3, HAS, and HA. Nonspecifically and specifically blocking integrin receptor using GRGDSP and integrin ανβ3 antibody downregulated HAS and HA; both were inhibited to similar extents. The expression of HAS and HA was predominantly regulated by the interaction between OPN and integrin ανβ3. Taken together, we have delineated the importance of the OPN/integrin ανβ3/HAS/HA axis in OA and identified OPN as a promising candidate for molecular therapy for use in patients with OA.
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MESH Headings
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/pharmacology
- Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee/methods
- Cartilage, Articular/metabolism
- Cartilage, Articular/pathology
- Cartilage, Articular/surgery
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Chondrocytes/drug effects
- Chondrocytes/metabolism
- Chondrocytes/pathology
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Humans
- Hyaluronan Synthases/genetics
- Hyaluronan Synthases/metabolism
- Hyaluronic Acid/metabolism
- Integrin beta3/genetics
- Integrin beta3/metabolism
- Integrins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Integrins/genetics
- Integrins/metabolism
- Isoenzymes/genetics
- Isoenzymes/metabolism
- Oligopeptides/pharmacology
- Osteoarthritis, Knee/genetics
- Osteoarthritis, Knee/metabolism
- Osteoarthritis, Knee/pathology
- Osteoarthritis, Knee/surgery
- Osteopontin/genetics
- Osteopontin/metabolism
- Primary Cell Culture
- Protein Binding
- Signal Transduction
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Yuan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ziyi Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Luo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Xu J, Liu S, Yang X, Cao S, Zhou Y. Paracrine HGF promotes EMT and mediates the effects of PSC on chemoresistance by activating c-Met/PI3K/Akt signaling in pancreatic cancer in vitro. Life Sci 2020; 263:118523. [PMID: 33039386 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) play key roles in the pancreatic tumor microenvironment and are considered to contribute to chemoresistance. PSCs can participate in malignant behaviors of pancreatic carcinoma (PC) by secreting hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). The objective of this research was to explore the potential molecular mechanism of HGF on gemcitabine (GEM) chemoresistance of PC. MATERIALS AND METHODS HGF, c-Met, E-Cadherin and Vimentin levels were examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The changes of HGF level were detected by ELISA. The half maximal inhibitory concentration, the growth inhibitions and apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cells (PCCs) were respectively assayed using CCK-8 and flow cytometry. Associated proteins were measured using western blot and cell immunofluorescence assay. KEY FINDINGS PSCs strongly expressed HGF, and its receptor c-Met was expressed in PCCs. PCCs exerted a positive regulative effect on HGF production. HGF neutralizing antibody AMG102 could effectively reduce the HGF level in PSC-conditioned medium (PSC-CM). PSC-CM promoted chemoresistance in PCCs. When exposed to PSC-CM, PCCs underwent epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and c-Met was also activated. Recombinant human HGF had the same protective effect. Blocking the HGF/c-Met axis with a c-Met inhibitor PHA665752 and AMG102 reduced the phosphorylation level of c-Met (p-c-Met) and attenuated EMT and chemoresistance. P-c-Met overexpression resulted in activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway, and inhibition of PI3K/Akt signaling with LY294002 reversed chemoresistance and EMT. SIGNIFICANCE PSCs can activate the c-Met/PI3K/Akt pathway in PCCs via paracrine HGF, induce EMT of PCCs and inhibit cancer cell apoptosis, thus enhance chemoresistance to Gem in PCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfei Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shanglong Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaopeng Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Yidu Central Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Shougen Cao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanbing Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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Su CY, Li JQ, Zhang LL, Wang H, Wang FH, Tao YW, Wang YQ, Guo QR, Li JJ, Liu Y, Yan YY, Zhang JY. The Biological Functions and Clinical Applications of Integrins in Cancers. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:579068. [PMID: 33041823 PMCID: PMC7522798 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.579068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrins are the adhesion molecules and receptors of extracellular matrix (ECM). They mediate the interactions between cells-cells and cells-ECM. The crosstalk between cancer cells and their microenvironment triggers a variety of critical signaling cues and promotes the malignant phenotype of cancer. As a type of transmembrane protein, integrin-mediated cell adhesion is essential in regulating various biological functions of cancer cells. Recent evidence has shown that integrins present on tumor cells or tumor-associated stromal cells are involved in ECM remodeling, and as mechanotransducers sensing changes in the biophysical properties of the ECM, which contribute to cancer metastasis, stemness and drug resistance. In this review, we outline the mechanism of integrin-mediated effects on biological changes of cancers and highlight the current status of clinical treatments by targeting integrins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Yue Su
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Quan Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Ling-Ling Zhang
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics/Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng-Hua Wang
- Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics/Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Wen Tao
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Qing Wang
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiao-Ru Guo
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Jun Li
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun Liu
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Yan Yan
- Institute of Immunology and School of Medicine, Shanxi Datong University, Datong, China
| | - Jian-Ye Zhang
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
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Hapke RY, Haake SM. Hypoxia-induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition in cancer. Cancer Lett 2020; 487:10-20. [PMID: 32470488 PMCID: PMC7336507 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A common feature of many solid tumors is low oxygen conditions due to inadequate blood supply. Hypoxia induces hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) stabilization and downstream signaling. This signaling has pleiotropic roles in cancers, including the promotion of cellular proliferation, changes in metabolism, and induction of angiogenesis. In addition, hypoxia is becoming recognized as an important driver of epithelial-to-mesenchymal (EMT) in cancer. During EMT, epithelial cells lose their typical polarized states and transition to a more mobile mesenchymal phenotype. Hypoxia induces this transition by modulating EMT signaling pathways, inducing EMT transcription factor activity, and regulating miRNA networks. As both hypoxia and EMT modulate the tumor microenvironment (TME) and are associated with immunosuppression, we also explore how these pathways may impact response to immuno-oncology therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Scott M Haake
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
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Ji X, Han T, Kang N, Huang S, Liu Y. Preparation of RGD4C fused anti-TNFα nanobody and inhibitory activity on triple-negative breast cancer in vivo. Life Sci 2020; 260:118274. [PMID: 32827545 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is not sensitive to current endocrine treatments, so new treatment strategies need to be explored. Based on previous antitumour studies on anti-TNFα nanobody, we designed a novel fusion nanobody to enhance antitumour activity of the anti-TNFα nanobody in TNBC. MAIN METHODS The RGD4C contains RGD sequence, which is the smallest recognition unit binding to the αvβ3 receptor on tumour cell membranes and involved in tumour cell adhesion, proliferation, and metastasis. RGD4C was fused to anti-TNFα nanobody to investigate the antitumour activity in vitro and in vivo. KEY FINDINGS The antitumour effects of fusion nanobody V-L-R-H could effectively bind to αvβ3 and inhibit cell migration and proliferation of MDA-MB-231, which had satisfying purification efficiency and approving antigen or receptor binding activity. V-L-R-H could inhibit the TNFα-mediated PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signal pathway and integrin αvβ3 correlative FAK focal adhesion signal pathway. Mouse xenograft tumour experiments showed that the V-L-R-H could inhibit tumour proliferation and metastasis; reduce the TNFα, HIFα, Ki67, and CD31 concentrations in tumour; and inhibit the process of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. SIGNIFICANCE The fusion nanobody enhanced antitumour activity of the anti-TNFα nanobody on TNBC. It provided a reference for the design of dual functional fusion proteins and development of tumour treatment strategies of antagonistic TNFα and αvβ3, and a new therapeutic strategy and research direction for the treatment of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Ji
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Tianzhen Han
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Nannan Kang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Song Huang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yu Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
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Liu K, Hu H, Jiang H, Liu C, Zhang H, Gong S, Wei D, Yu Z. Upregulation of secreted phosphoprotein 1 affects malignant progression, prognosis, and resistance to cetuximab via the KRAS/MEK pathway in head and neck cancer. Mol Carcinog 2020; 59:1147-1158. [PMID: 32805066 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Acquired resistance is a barrier to cetuximab efficacy in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1) is involved in various biological processes, including immune responses, cancer progression, and prognosis in many cancers, while little is known in HNSCC. Bioinformatics methods were used to identify candidate genes and further in vivo and in vitro experiments were performed to examine and validate the function of SPP1. We found that SPP1 was upregulated and has been found to have an oncogenic role in HNSCC. We further confirmed that overexpression of SPP1 affected proliferation, migration, invasion, and survival, and inhibited apoptosis, whereas silencing of SPP1 yielded opposite results to those of SPP1 overexpression. In addition, activation of the KRAS/MEK pathway contributed to the SPP1-induced malignant progression of HNSCC and resistance to cetuximab. Furthermore, SPP1 knockdown or an MEK inhibitor overcame this cetuximab-resistance pattern. Taken together, our findings for the first time identify the role of SPP1 in tumor promotion, prognostic prediction, and potential therapeutic targeting, as well as resistance to cetuximab in HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Liu
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Center of Yu Zhenkun Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huiying Hu
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Center of Yu Zhenkun Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huanyu Jiang
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Center of Yu Zhenkun Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chenglei Liu
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haidong Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Center of Yu Zhenkun Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shanchun Gong
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Center of Yu Zhenkun Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dongmin Wei
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, NHFPC (Shandong University), Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhenkun Yu
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Center of Yu Zhenkun Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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The DNMT1/miR-34a/FOXM1 Axis Contributes to Stemness of Liver Cancer Cells. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2020; 2020:8978930. [PMID: 32308683 PMCID: PMC7142390 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8978930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Whether DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1)/miR-34a/FoxM1 signaling promotes the stemness of liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs) remains unclear. This study aimed to assess whether methylation-based silencing of miR-34a by DNMT1 contributes to stemness features via FoxM1 upregulation in LCSCs. Methods The CD133+ subgroup of MHCC97H cells sorted by MACS was used as LCSCs. DNMT1, BMI1, SOX2, and OCT4 mRNA levels, and miR-34a amounts were determined by qRT-PCR. DNMT1, CD44, and FoxM1 proteins were analyzed by immunoblot. Sphere and colony formation abilities were detected by respective assays. CD133+ cell percentages were assessed by flow cytometry. In vivo oncogenicity was evaluated using a tumor xenograft model in mice. The effects of DNMT1/miR-34a signaling on the stemness of LCSCs were examined by knockdown or overexpression of DNMT1 and/or transfection of miR-34a mimic or inhibitor using lentivirus-delivery systems. FoxM1 association with miR-34a was detected by a reporter assay. Results We here showed that LCSCs exhibited elevated DNMT1 activity and expression, lower miR-34a expression with higher promoter methylation, and stronger stemness, compared with the parental liver cancer cells. DNMT1 knockdown repressed DNMT1, increased miR-34a amounts by promoter demethylation, and reduced stemness in LCSCs, whereas DNMT1 overexpression had the opposite effects in liver cancer cells. Transfection with miR-34a mimic repressed the stemness of LCSCs, while miR-34a inhibitor significantly downregulated miR-34a and enhanced stemness, without affecting DNMT1 in liver cancer cells. MiR-34a mimic rescued the effects of DNMT1 overexpression on the stemness of LCSCs, without affecting DNMT1 expression. Finally, FOXM1 was identified as a direct target by miR-34a in LCSCs. Conclusions We revealed that aberrant activation of DNMT1 causes miR-34a promoter methylation and suppression, leading to FoxM1 upregulation by disinhibition and promotion of LCSC stemness. These findings suggest that blockage of DNMT1/miR-34a-mediated FOXM1 upregulation might suppress liver cancer by targeting LCSCs.
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Li D, Ni XF, Tang H, Zhang J, Zheng C, Lin J, Wang C, Sun L, Chen B. KRT17 Functions as a Tumor Promoter and Regulates Proliferation, Migration and Invasion in Pancreatic Cancer via mTOR/S6k1 Pathway. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:2087-2095. [PMID: 32256116 PMCID: PMC7090205 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s243129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most well-known malignancies with high mortality, but the underlying mechanism of PC remains unknown. Keratin17 (KRT17) expression has been reported in many malignancies, but its functions in PC are not clear. The aim of our study was to evaluate KRT17 expression and its potential role in PC. Methods The online databases GEPIA and THPA were used to identify KRT17 expression in tissues. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to determine KRT17 expression in cell lines. Ki67 and ROS levels were detected by immunofluorescence assay and a 2ʹ,7ʹ-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) probe. KRT17 downregulation was induced by the small interfering RNA (siRNA) technique. Proliferation function was evaluated by colony formation assay and RTCA. Migration and invasion were evaluated by transwell migration assay. A Western blot assay was used to detect protein levels. Results KRT17 was overexpressed in PC tissues compared to that in normal tissues. The results showed that Ki67 and ROS levels were decreased in pancreatic cancer cells after transfection with siKRT17. After KRT17 downregulation in PC cell lines, cell viability functions, including proliferation, migration and invasion, and mTOR/S6K1 phosphorylation levels were attenuated. Conclusion KRT17 knockdown significantly inhibited proliferation, migration and invasion in pancreatic cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Li
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Feng Ni
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hengjie Tang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiecheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenlei Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhu Lin
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Linxiao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Bicheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
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Yue Y, Qian W, Li J, Wu S, Zhang M, Wu Z, Ma Q, Wang Z. 2'-Hydroxyflavanone inhibits the progression of pancreatic cancer cells and sensitizes the chemosensitivity of EGFR inhibitors via repressing STAT3 signaling. Cancer Lett 2020; 471:135-146. [PMID: 31811906 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal malignancies, and chemotherapy is still an important treatment. It is urgent to develop new medicines because of the limitation and side effects of chemotherapy. 2'-Hydroxyflavanone (2HF) is a citrus-bioflavonoid that is considered to have anti-cancer efficacy. Compared to human pancreatic ductal epithelial cells hTERT-HPNE, more significant growth-inhibitory effects were seen in PDAC cells BxPC-3 and MIA PaCa-2. We showed that apoptosis was induced and that the cell cycle was arrested when cells were treated with 2HF. The expression of the molecular proteins cleaved PARP, cleaved Caspase3, Bax, Bcl-2, CyclinD1, and p27 changed correspondingly. Also, we observed anti-metastatic effects and changes in MMP9, E-cadherin, N-cadherin and Vimentin when cells were treated with a low dose of 2HF. Suppression of STAT3 and EGFR phosphorylation was also identified as a result of treatment with a combination of 2HF and EGFR inhibitors. The in vivo antitumor effects in KPC mice were consistent with those observed in vitro. 2HF has impactful anti-cancer efficacy and sensitizes human pancreatic cancer cells to EGFR inhibitors through the inhibition of STAT3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Yue
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi province, China
| | - Weikun Qian
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi province, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi province, China
| | - Shiqi Wu
- Department of Urology Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi province, China
| | - Mengzhao Zhang
- Department of Urology Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi province, China
| | - Zheng Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi province, China
| | - Qingyong Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi province, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi province, China.
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Gai Y, Jiang Y, Long Y, Sun L, Liu Q, Qin C, Zhang Y, Zeng D, Lan X. Evaluation of an Integrin α vβ 3 and Aminopeptidase N Dual-Receptor Targeting Tracer for Breast Cancer Imaging. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:349-358. [PMID: 31829615 PMCID: PMC7486978 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b01134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Integrin αvβ3 and aminopeptidase N (APN, also known as CD13) are two important targets involved in the regulation of angiogenesis, tumor proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. In this study, we developed a heterodimeric tracer consisting of arginine-glycine-aspartic (RGD) and asparagine-glycine-arginine (NGR) peptides targeting αvβ3 and CD13, respectively, for PET imaging of breast cancer. The NGR peptide was first modified with N3-NOtB2 and then conjugated to BCN-PEG4-c(RGDyK) via copper-free click chemistry. The resulting precursor was purified and radiolabeled with gallium-68. Small-animal PET/CT imaging and post-imaging biodistribution studies were performed in mice bearing human breast cancer MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468, and MX-1 xenografts and pulmonary metastases models. The expression levels of αvβ3 and CD13 in tumors were checked via immunochemical staining. The heterodimeric tracer was successfully synthesized and radiolabeled with gallium-68 at a molar activity of 45-100 MBq/nmol at the end of synthesis. It demonstrated high in vitro and in vivo stability. In static PET/CT imaging studies, the MCF-7 tumor could be clearly visualized and exhibited higher uptake at 30 min post injection of 68Ga-NGR-RGD than that of either 68Ga-RGD or 68Ga-NGR alone. High specificity was shown in blocking studies using Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) and Asp-Gly-Arg (NGR) peptides. The MCF-7 tumor exhibited the highest uptake of 68Ga-NGR-RGD followed by MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468, and MX-1 tumors. This was consistent with their expression levels of CD13 and αvβ3 as confirmed by western blot and immunohistochemical staining. Metastatic lesions in the lungs were clearly detectable on 68Ga-NGR-RGD PET/CT imaging in mouse models of pulmonary metastases. 68Ga-NGR-RGD, a CD13 and αvβ3 dual-receptor targeting tracer, showed higher binding avidities, targeting efficiency, and longer tumor retention time compared with monomeric 68Ga-NGR and 68Ga-RGD. Its promising in vivo performance makes it an ideal candidate for future clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongkang Gai
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yaqun Jiang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yu Long
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Lingi Sun
- Center for Radiochemistry Research, Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, United States
| | - Qingyao Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Chunxia Qin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yongxue Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Dexing Zeng
- Center for Radiochemistry Research, Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, United States
| | - Xiaoli Lan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, China
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Deng X, Chen C, Wu F, Qiu L, Ke Q, Sun R, Duan Q, Luo M, Luo Z. Curcumin Inhibits the Migration and Invasion of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Cells Through Radiation-Induced Suppression of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Soluble E-Cadherin Expression. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2020; 19:1533033820947485. [PMID: 33124505 PMCID: PMC7607721 DOI: 10.1177/1533033820947485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy has been reported to cause cancer metastasis. Thus, a new strategy for radiotherapy must be developed to avoid this side effect. A549 cells were exposed to radiation to induce an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) cell model. Real-time PCR and western blotting were used to detect mRNA and protein expression levels, and Transwell invasion and wound healing assays were used to detect cell migration and invasion. ELISA was used to detect soluble E-cadherin (sE-cad) secretion. siRNA was used to silence MMP9 expression. The results show that A549R cells exhibited an EMT phenotype with increased E-cadherin, N-cadherin, Snail, Slug, vimentin and Twist expression and decreased pan-keratin expression. sE-cad levels were increased in A549R cells and in the serum of NSCLC patients with distant metastasis. Exogenous sE-cad treatment and sE-cad overexpression promoted A549R and A549 cell migration and invasion. In contrast, blocking sE-cad attenuated A549 cell migration and invasion. Curcumin inhibited sE-cad expression and reversed EMT induced by radiation. Furthermore, curcumin suppressed sE-cad-enhanced A549 and A549R cell migration and invasion. Curcumin inhibited MMP9 expression, and silencing MMP9 suppressed sE-cad expression. Taken together, we found a nonclassic EMT phenomenon induced by radiation. Curcumin inhibits NSCLC migration and invasion by suppressing radiation-induced EMT and sE-cad expression by decreasing MMP9 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinzhou Deng
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
- HubeiKey Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunli Chen
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Wu
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Qiu
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Ke
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Renhuang Sun
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiwen Duan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ming Luo
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiguo Luo
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
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