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Poyil PK, Siraj AK, Padmaja D, Parvathareddy SK, Thangavel S, Alobaisi K, Diaz R, Begum R, Haqawi W, Al‐Sobhi SS, Al‐Dayel F, Al‐Kuraya KS. PLK1 and FoxM1 expressions positively correlate in papillary thyroid carcinoma and their combined inhibition results in synergistic anti-tumor effects. Mol Oncol 2024; 18:691-706. [PMID: 38361222 PMCID: PMC10920088 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1; also known as serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK1) serves as a central player in cell proliferation, exerting critical regulatory roles in mitotic processes and cell survival. We conducted an analysis of PLK1 protein expression in a large cohort of samples from papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients and examined its functional significance in PTC cell lines, both in vitro and in vivo. PLK1 overexpression was noted in 54.2% of all PTC and was significantly associated with aggressive clinicopathological parameters; it was also found to be an independent prognostic marker for shorter recurrence-free survival. Given the significant association between PLK1 and forkhead box protein M1 (FoxM1), and their concomitant overexpression in a large proportion of PTC samples, we explored their correlation and their combined inhibitions in PTC in vitro and in vivo. Inhibition of PLK1 expression indeed suppressed cell proliferation, leading to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in PTC cell lines. Significantly, the downregulation of PLK1 reduced the self-renewal capability of spheroids formed from PTC cells. Immunoprecipitation analysis shows that PLK1 binds to FoxM1 and vice versa in vitro. Mechanistically, PLK1 knockdown suppresses FoxM1 expression, whereas inhibition of FoxM1 does not affect PLK1 expression, which suggests that PLK1 acts through the FoxM1 pathway. The combined treatment of a PLK1 inhibitor (volasertib) and a FoxM1 inhibitor (thiostrepton) demonstrated a synergistic effect in reducing PTC cell growth in vitro and delaying tumor growth in vivo. This study highlights the important role of PLK1 in PTC tumorigenesis and prognosis. It also highlights the synergistic therapeutic potential of dual-targeting PLK1 and FoxM1 in PTC, unveiling a potential innovative therapeutic strategy for managing aggressive forms of PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratheesh Kumar Poyil
- Human Cancer Genomic ResearchKing Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research CenterRiyadhSaudi Arabia
| | - Abdul K. Siraj
- Human Cancer Genomic ResearchKing Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research CenterRiyadhSaudi Arabia
| | - Divya Padmaja
- Human Cancer Genomic ResearchKing Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research CenterRiyadhSaudi Arabia
| | | | - Saravanan Thangavel
- Human Cancer Genomic ResearchKing Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research CenterRiyadhSaudi Arabia
| | - Khadija Alobaisi
- Human Cancer Genomic ResearchKing Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research CenterRiyadhSaudi Arabia
| | - Roxanne Diaz
- Human Cancer Genomic ResearchKing Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research CenterRiyadhSaudi Arabia
| | - Rafia Begum
- Human Cancer Genomic ResearchKing Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research CenterRiyadhSaudi Arabia
| | - Wael Haqawi
- Human Cancer Genomic ResearchKing Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research CenterRiyadhSaudi Arabia
| | - Saif S. Al‐Sobhi
- Department of SurgeryKing Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research CentreRiyadhSaudi Arabia
| | - Fouad Al‐Dayel
- Department of PathologyKing Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research CentreRiyadhSaudi Arabia
| | - Khawla S. Al‐Kuraya
- Human Cancer Genomic ResearchKing Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research CenterRiyadhSaudi Arabia
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Zhang T, Ma G, Zhang Y, Huo H, Zhao Y. [Retracted] miR‑216b inhibits glioma cell migration and invasion through suppression of FoxM1. Oncol Rep 2024; 51:4. [PMID: 37975239 PMCID: PMC10688446 DOI: 10.3892/or.2023.8663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Following the publication of the above article, a concerned reader reported that certain of the cell invasion assay data shown in Fig. 2D, and the mouse images shown in Fig. 6A, were strikingly similar to data that appeared in the following (subsequently published) article: Li C, Zheng H, Hou W, Bao H, Xiong J, Che W, Gu Y, Sun H and Liang P: Long non-coding RNA linc00645 promotes TGF-β-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition by regulating miR-205-3p-ZEB1 axis in glioma. Cell Death Dis 10: 717, 2019. The authors regret that the data in question featured in the original Oncology Reports article had been re-used, and accept the Editor's decision to retract this article; furthermore, the authors and the Editor apologize to the readership of the Journal for any inconvenience caused. [Oncology Reports 38: 1751‑1759, 2017; DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5824].
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
| | - Guangtao Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Daqing Oil Field General Hospital, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163000, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of The Heart of Non-Invasive Examination, Daqing Oil Field General Hospital, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163000, P.R. China
| | - Hongda Huo
- Daqing Convalescence Hospital, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163000, P.R. China
| | - Yuqian Zhao
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
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Shi S, Wang Q, Du X. Comprehensive bioinformatics analysis reveals the oncogenic role of FoxM1 and its impact on prognosis, immune microenvironment, and drug sensitivity in osteosarcoma. J Appl Genet 2023; 64:779-796. [PMID: 37782449 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-023-00785-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma, a highly malignant bone tumor primarily affecting adolescents, presents a significant challenge in cancer therapy due to its resistance to chemotherapy. This study explores the multifaceted impact of the transcription factor FoxM1 on osteosarcoma, shedding light on its pivotal role in tumor progression, immune microenvironment modulation, and drug response. Utilizing publicly available datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and Therapeutically Applicable Research To Generate Effective Treatments (TARGET) databases, we conducted an in-depth bioinformatics analysis. Our findings illuminate the far-reaching implications of FoxM1 in osteosarcoma, emphasizing its significance as a potential therapeutic target. Differential expression analysis and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) revealed FoxM1's influence on critical pathways related to apoptosis, cell cycle regulation, and DNA repair. Notably, FoxM1 expression correlated with poor clinical outcomes in osteosarcoma patients, highlighting its prognostic relevance. Additionally, FoxM1 was found to modulate the immune microenvironment within tumor tissues, impacting immune cell infiltration, immunomodulators, immune checkpoints, and chemokines. Furthermore, a prognostic model based on FoxM1-coexpressed genes demonstrated its effectiveness in predicting patient survival. Drug sensitivity analysis indicated FoxM1's association with drug response, potentially guiding personalized treatment approaches. Hub gene screening identified RAB23 as a key target regulated by FoxM1, with RAB23 shown to influence osteosarcoma cell growth. This study also confirmed FoxM1's overexpression in osteosarcoma tissues compared to normal tissues, and its association with clinicopathological characteristics, including clinical stage, pathological type, and lung metastasis. In conclusion, FoxM1 emerges as a central player in the pathogenesis of osteosarcoma, impacting gene expression, immune responses, and therapeutic outcomes. This comprehensive analysis deepens our understanding of FoxM1's role in osteosarcoma and offers potential avenues for improved diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoyan Shi
- Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Xiaolong Du
- Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China.
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Xu R, Lee YJ, Kim CH, Min GH, Kim YB, Park JW, Kim DH, Kim JH, Yim H. Invasive FoxM1 phosphorylated by PLK1 induces the polarization of tumor-associated macrophages to promote immune escape and metastasis, amplified by IFITM1. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:302. [PMID: 37968723 PMCID: PMC10652615 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02872-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the mechanism behind immune cell plasticity in cancer metastasis is crucial for identifying key regulators. Previously we found that mitotic factors regulate epithelial-mesenchymal transition, but how these factors convert to metastatic players in the tumor microenvironment (TME) is not fully understood. METHODS The clinical importance of mitotic factors was analyzed by heatmap analysis, a KM plot, and immunohistochemistry in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients. Immunoprecipitation, LC-MS/MS, kinase assay, and site-directed mutagenesis were performed for the interaction and phosphorylation. A tail-vein injection mouse model, Transwell-based 3D culture, microarray analysis, coculture with monocytes, and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays were used to elucidate the function of phosphorylated FoxM1 in metastasis of TME. RESULTS The phosphorylated FoxM1 at Ser25 by PLK1 acquires the reprogramming ability to stimulate the invasive traits in cancer and influence immune cell plasticity. This invasive form of p-FoxM1 upregulates the expression of IL1A/1B, VEGFA, and IL6 by direct activation, recruiting monocytes and promoting the polarization of M2d-like tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Upregulation of PD-L1 in LUAD having phosphomimetic FoxM1 facilitates immune evasion. In invasive LUAD with phosphomimetic FoxM1, IFITM1 is the most highly expressed through the activation of the STING-TBK1-IRF3 signaling, which enhances FoxM1-mediated signaling. Clinically, higher expression of FOXM1, PLK1, and IFITM1 is inversely correlated with the survival rate of advanced LUAD patients, providing a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of LUAD. CONCLUSION FoxM1-based therapy would be a potential therapeutic strategy for LUAD to reduce TAM polarization, immune escape, and metastasis, since FoxM1 functions as a genetic reprogramming factor reinforcing LUAD malignancy in the TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-Do, 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Joo Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-Do, 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Hyeon Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-Do, 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga-Hong Min
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-Do, 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeo-Bin Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-Do, 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Won Park
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-Do, 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Hoon Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-Do, 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hyun Kim
- Division of Intractable Diseases Research, Department of Chronic Diseases Convergence Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk-Do, 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungshin Yim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-Do, 15588, Republic of Korea.
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Zheng J, Bu X, Wei X, Ma X, Zhao P. The role of FoxM1 in immune cells. Clin Exp Med 2023; 23:1973-1979. [PMID: 36913035 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-023-01037-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Forkhead box M1 (FoxM1), a proliferation specific transcriptional modulator, plays a principal role in many physiological and pathological processes. FoxM1-mediated oncogenic processes have been well addressed. However, functions of FoxM1 in immune cells are less summarized. The literatures about the expression of FoxM1 and its regulation on immune cells were searched on PubMed and Google Scholar. In this review, we provide an overview on the roles of FoxM1 in regulating functions of immune cells, including T cells, B cells, monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells, and discuss their contributions to diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinju Zheng
- Biotherapy Center, Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaocui Bu
- The Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaofang Wei
- Biotherapy Center, Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xuezhen Ma
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Peng Zhao
- Biotherapy Center, Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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Kobiita A, Silva PN, Schmid MW, Stoffel M. FoxM1 coordinates cell division, protein synthesis, and mitochondrial activity in a subset of β cells during acute metabolic stress. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112986. [PMID: 37590136 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic β cells display functional and transcriptional heterogeneity in health and disease. The sequence of events leading to β cell heterogeneity during metabolic stress is poorly understood. Here, we characterize β cell responses to early metabolic stress in vivo by employing RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), assay for transposase-accessible chromatin with sequencing (ATAC-seq), single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq), chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq), and real-time imaging to decipher temporal events of chromatin remodeling and gene expression regulating the unfolded protein response (UPR), protein synthesis, mitochondrial function, and cell-cycle progression. We demonstrate that a subpopulation of β cells with active UPR, decreased protein synthesis, and insulin secretary capacities is more susceptible to proliferation after insulin depletion. Alleviation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress precedes the progression of the cell cycle and mitosis and ensures appropriate insulin synthesis. Furthermore, metabolic stress rapidly activates key transcription factors including FoxM1, which impacts on proliferative and quiescent β cells by regulating protein synthesis, ER stress, and mitochondrial activity via direct repression of mitochondrial-encoded genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Kobiita
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zürich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Pamuditha N Silva
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zürich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Marc W Schmid
- MWSchmid GmbH, Hauptstrasse 34, 8750 Glarus, Switzerland
| | - Markus Stoffel
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zürich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland; Medical Faculty, Universitäts-Spital Zürich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland.
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Xu Z, Pei C, Cheng H, Song K, Yang J, Li Y, He Y, Liang W, Liu B, Tan W, Li X, Pan X, Meng L. Comprehensive analysis of FOXM1 immune infiltrates, m6a, glycolysis and ceRNA network in human hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1138524. [PMID: 37234166 PMCID: PMC10208224 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1138524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) is a member of the Forkhead box (Fox) transcription factor family. It regulates cell mitosis, cell proliferation, and genome stability. However, the relationship between the expression of FOXM1 and the levels of m6a modification, immune infiltration, glycolysis, and ketone body metabolism in HCC has yet to be fully elucidated. Methods Transcriptome and somatic mutation profiles of HCC were downloaded from the TCGA database. Somatic mutations were analyzed by maftools R package and visualized in oncoplots. GO, KEGG and GSEA function enrichment was performed on FOXM1 co-expression using R. We used Cox regression and machine learning algorithms (CIBERSORT, LASSO, random forest, and SVM-RFE) to study the prognostic value of FOXM1 and immune infiltrating characteristic immune cells in HCC. The relationship between FOXM1 and m6A modification, glycolysis, and ketone body metabolism were analyzed by RNA-seq and CHIP-seq. The competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network construction relies on the multiMiR R package, ENCORI, and miRNET platforms. Results FOXM1 is highly expressed in HCC and is associated with a poorer prognosis. At the same time, the expression level of FOXM1 is significantly related to the T, N, and stage. Subsequently, based on the machine learning strategies, we found that the infiltration level of T follicular helper cells (Tfh) was a risk factor affecting the prognosis of HCC patients. The high infiltration of Tfh was significantly related to the poor overall survival rate of HCC. Besides, the CHIP-seq demonstrated that FOXM1 regulates m6a modification by binding to the promoter of IGF2BP3 and affects the glycolytic process by initiating the transcription of HK2 and PKM in HCC. A ceRNA network was successfully obtained, including FOXM1 - has-miR-125-5p - DANCR/MIR4435-2HG ceRNA network related to the prognosis of HCC. Conclusion Our study implicates that the aberrant infiltration of Tfh associated with FOXM1 is a crucial prognostic factor for HCC patients. FOXM1 regulates genes related to m6a modification and glycolysis at the transcriptional level. Furthermore, the specific ceRNA network can be used as a potential therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwu Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Chaozhu Pei
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Haojie Cheng
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Kaixin Song
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Junting Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yuhang Li
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yue He
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Wenxuan Liang
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Biyuan Liu
- School of Medical, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Wen Tan
- Department of Pathology, Changsha Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha Eighth Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Xia Li
- Department of General Surgery, People's Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Xue Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Lei Meng
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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Alimardan Z, Abbasi M, Hasanzadeh F, Aghaei M, Khodarahmi G, Kashfi K. Heat shock proteins and cancer: The FoxM1 connection. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 211:115505. [PMID: 36931349 PMCID: PMC10134075 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (Hsp) and FoxM1 have significant roles in carcinogenesis. According to their relative molecular weight, Hsps are divided into Hsp110, Hsp90, Hsp70, Hsp60, Hsp40, and small Hsps. Hsp70 can play essential functions in cancer initiation and is overexpressed in several human cancers. Hsp70, in combination with cochaperones HIP and HOP, refolds partially denatured proteins and acts as a cochaperone for Hsp90. Also, Hsp70, in combination with BAG3, regulates the FoxM1 signaling pathway. FoxM1 protein is a transcription factor of the Forkhead family that is overexpressed in most human cancers and is involved in many cancers' development features, including proliferation, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, metastasis, and resistance to apoptosis. This review discusses the Hsp70, Hsp90, and FoxM1 structure and function, the known Hsp70 cochaperones, and Hsp70, Hsp90, and FoxM1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Alimardan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Maryam Abbasi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Farshid Hasanzadeh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahmud Aghaei
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ghadamali Khodarahmi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Khosrow Kashfi
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Graduate Program in Biology, City University of New York Graduate Center, NY, USA.
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Luo Y, Ge S, Chen Q, Lin S, He W, Zeng M. Overexpression of FoxM1 optimizes the therapeutic effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on acute respiratory distress syndrome. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:27. [PMID: 36788588 PMCID: PMC9926819 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03240-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Injury of alveolar epithelial cells and capillary endothelial cells is crucial in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS). Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a promising cell source for ALI/ARDS treatment. Overexpression of Fork head box protein M1 (FoxM1) facilitates MSC differentiation into alveolar type II (AT II) cells in vitro. Moreover, FoxM1 has been shown to repair the endothelial barrier. Therefore, this study explored whether overexpression of FoxM1 promotes the therapeutic effect of bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMSCs) on ARDS by differentiation of BMSCs into AT II cells or a paracrine mechanism. METHODS A septic ALI model was established in mice by intraperitoneal administration of lipopolysaccharide. The protective effect of BMSCs-FoxM1 on ALI was explored by detecting pathological variations in the lung, total protein concentration in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), wet/dry (W/D) lung weight ratio, oxidative stress levels, cytokine levels, and retention of BMSCs in the lung. In addition, we assessed whether FoxM1 overexpression promoted the therapeutic effect of BMSCs on ALI/ARDS by differentiating into AT II cells using SPC-/- mice. Furthermore, the protective effect of BMSCs-FoxM1 on lipopolysaccharide-induced endothelial cell (EC) injury was explored by detecting EC proliferation, apoptosis, scratch wounds, tube formation, permeability, and oxidative stress, and analyzing whether the Wnt/β-catenin pathway contributes to the regulatory mechanism in vitro using a pathway inhibitor. RESULTS Compared with BMSCs-Vector, treatment with BMSCs-FoxM1 significantly decreased the W/D lung weight ratio, total BALF protein level, lung injury score, oxidative stress, and cytokine levels. With the detected track of BMSCs-FoxM1, we observed a low residency rate and short duration of residency in the lung. Notably, SPC was not expressed in SPC-/- mice injected with BMSCs-FoxM1. Furthermore, BMSCs-FoxM1 enhanced EC proliferation, migration, and tube formation; inhibited EC apoptosis and inflammation; and maintained vascular integrity through activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, which was partially reversed by XAV-939. CONCLUSION Overexpression of FoxM1 enhanced the therapeutic effect of BMSCs on ARDS, possibly through a paracrine mechanism rather than by promoting BMSC differentiation into AT II cells in vivo, and prevented LPS-induced EC barrier disruption partially through activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuling Luo
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Medical Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China
| | - Shanhui Ge
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Medical Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China
| | - Qingui Chen
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Medical Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China
| | - Shan Lin
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Medical Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China
| | - Wanmei He
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Medical Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China
| | - Mian Zeng
- Department of Medical Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.
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Qin Q, Chen H, Xu H, Zhang X, Chen J, Zhang C, Liu J, Xu L, Sun X. FoxM1 knockdown enhanced radiosensitivity of esophageal cancer by inducing apoptosis. J Cancer 2023; 14:454-463. [PMID: 36860922 PMCID: PMC9969576 DOI: 10.7150/jca.76671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Radioresistance is a main reason for local recurrence of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Forkhead box M1 (FoxM1) is implicated in cancer progression and chemoresistance. This study aims to determine the role of FoxM1 in ESCC radioresistance. We found that FoxM1 protein was upregulated in ESCC tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues. In vitro assays revealed that following irradiation, Eca-109, TE-13, and KYSE-150 cells had increased levels of FoxM1 protein. FoxM1 knockdown resulted in significantly reduced colony formation and increased cell apoptosis following irradiation. Moreover, FoxM1 knockdown induced ESCC cells to accumulate in the radiosensitive G2 /M phase and impeded the repair of radiation-induced DNA damage. Mechanistic studies indicated that radiosensitization of ESCC enhanced by FoxM1 knockdown was associated with increased BAX/BCL2 ratio as well as downregulated Survivin and XIAP, followed by the activation of both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis pathways. In xenograft mouse model, the combination of radiation and FoxM1-shRNA led to a synergistic anti-tumor effect. In conclusion, FoxM1 is a promising target to enhance radiosensitivity of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Qin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huazhong Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaowen Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junqiang Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liping Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,✉ Corresponding authors: Xinchen Sun, MD, PhD, Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China. Tel: +86 02568306093, Fax: +86 02568305700, E-mail: ; Liping Xu, MD, Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China. Tel: +86 02568306093, E-mail:
| | - Xinchen Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,✉ Corresponding authors: Xinchen Sun, MD, PhD, Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China. Tel: +86 02568306093, Fax: +86 02568305700, E-mail: ; Liping Xu, MD, Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China. Tel: +86 02568306093, E-mail:
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Kuthethur R, Adiga D, Kandettu A, Jerome MS, Mallya S, Mumbrekar KD, Kabekkodu SP, Chakrabarty S. MiR-4521 perturbs FOXM1-mediated DNA damage response in breast cancer. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1131433. [PMID: 37025658 PMCID: PMC10070856 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1131433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Forkhead (FOX) transcription factors are involved in cell cycle control, cellular differentiation, maintenance of tissues, and aging. Mutation or aberrant expression of FOX proteins is associated with developmental disorders and cancers. FOXM1, an oncogenic transcription factor, is a promoter of cell proliferation and accelerated development of breast adenocarcinomas, squamous carcinoma of the head, neck, and cervix, and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. High FOXM1 expression is correlated with chemoresistance in patients treated with doxorubicin and Epirubicin by enhancing the DNA repair in breast cancer cells. Method: miRNA-seq identified downregulation of miR-4521 in breast cancer cell lines. Stable miR-4521 overexpressing breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7, MDA-MB-468) were developed to identify miR-4521 target gene and function in breast cancer. Results: Here, we showed that FOXM1 is a direct target of miR-4521 in breast cancer. Overexpression of miR-4521 significantly downregulated FOXM1 expression in breast cancer cells. FOXM1 regulates cell cycle progression and DNA damage response in breast cancer. We showed that miR-4521 expression leads to increased ROS levels and DNA damage in breast cancer cells. FOXM1 plays a critical role in ROS scavenging and promotes stemness which contributes to drug resistance in breast cancer. We observed that breast cancer cells stably expressing miR-4521 lead to cell cycle arrest, impaired FOXM1 mediated DNA damage response leading to increased cell death in breast cancer cells. Additionally, miR-4521-mediated FOXM1 downregulation perturbs cell proliferation, invasion, cell cycle progression, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal progression (EMT) in breast cancer. Discussion: High FOXM1 expression has been associated with radio and chemoresistance contributing to poor patient survival in multiple cancers, including breast cancer. Our study showed that FOXM1 mediated DNA damage response could be targeted using miR-4521 mimics as a novel therapeutic for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raviprasad Kuthethur
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Divya Adiga
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Amoolya Kandettu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Maria Sona Jerome
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Sandeep Mallya
- Department of Bioinformatics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Kamalesh Dattaram Mumbrekar
- Department of Radiation Biology and Toxicology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Shama Prasada Kabekkodu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
- Center for DNA Repair and Genome Stability (CDRGS), Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Sanjiban Chakrabarty
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
- Center for DNA Repair and Genome Stability (CDRGS), Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
- *Correspondence: Sanjiban Chakrabarty,
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12
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Rachmadi L, Susanto YDB, Sitinjak D, Manatar AF, Saraswati M, Adham M. HPV Infection is Associated with FoxM1 Overexpression in Dysplastic Changes of Sinonasal Inverted Papilloma. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2022; 23:4293-4298. [PMID: 36580012 PMCID: PMC9971481 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2022.23.12.4293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to describe the factors associated with dysplastic changes in sinonasal inverted papilloma (SIP) including somatic EGFR mutation, FoxM1 expression, HPV status, and their association with dysplastic changes. METHODS A cross-sectional, analytical study was conducted comprising 34 samples of histologically-confirmed diagnosis of SIP. The samples were further grouped into 2 groups: 20 samples without associated dysplastic changes, and 14 samples with associated dysplastic changes. The numbers of FoxM1 positively-expressed cells, EGFR mutation, and HPV status were compared among two groups using appropriate comparative statistics. RESULTS There was statistically-significant difference of FoxM1 expression between SIP and SIP with dysplasia (10% vs 100%; p<0.001). EGFR mutation was identified in 6 samples (30.0%) of the SIP and 5 samples (35.7%) of SIP with dysplasia. No difference of EGFR mutant proportion among two groups. HPV DNA was detected in 5 samples (25.0%) of SIP versus 9 samples (64.3%) of SIP with dysplasia. There was significant difference of HPV status among two groups (p=0.022). The high-risk subtypes were found in most HPV positive samples (57.1%), while low-risk subtypes and out panel subtypes were found 14.3% and 21.4%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS FoxM1 was overexpressed in SIP with malignant transformation. FoxM1 along with HPV status is associated with dysplastic changes in the SIP. FoxM1 immunostaining is potential to be a biomarker of malignant transformation in SIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisnawati Rachmadi
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia-Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Indonesia.,For Correspondence:
| | - Yayi Dwina Billianti Susanto
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia-Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Indonesia.
| | - David Sitinjak
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia-Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Indonesia.
| | - Amelia Fosetta Manatar
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia-Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Indonesia.
| | - Meilania Saraswati
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia-Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Indonesia.
| | - Marlinda Adham
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia-Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Indonesia.
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13
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Wang WD, Shang Y, Wang C, Ni J, Wang AM, Li GJ, Su L, Chen SZ. c-FLIP promotes drug resistance in non-small-cell lung cancer cells via upregulating FoxM1 expression. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:2956-2966. [PMID: 35422085 PMCID: PMC9622852 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-022-00905-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The forkhead box M1 (FoxM1) protein, a transcription factor, plays critical roles in regulating tumor growth and drug resistance, while cellular FLICE-inhibitory protein (c-FLIP), an anti-apoptotic regulator, is involved in the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. In this study, we investigated the effects of c-FLIP on the expression and ubiquitination levels of FoxM1 along with drug susceptibility in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. We first showed that the expression levels of FoxM1 and c-FLIP were increased and positively correlated (R2 = 0.1106, P < 0.0001) in 90 NSCLC samples. The survival data from prognostic analysis demonstrated that high expression of c-FLIP and/or FoxM1 was related to poor prognosis in NSCLC patients and that the combination of FoxM1 and c-FLIP could be a more precise prognostic biomarker than either alone. Then, we explored the functions of c-FLIP/FoxM1 in drug resistance in NSCLC cell lines and a xenograft mouse model in vivo. We showed that c-FLIP stabilized FoxM1 by inhibiting its ubiquitination, thus upregulated the expression of FoxM1 at post-transcriptional level. In addition, a positive feedback loop composed of FoxM1, β-catenin and p65 also participated in c-FLIP-FoxM1 axis. We revealed that c-FLIP promoted the resistance of NSCLC cells to thiostrepton and osimertinib by upregulating FoxM1. Taken together, these results reveal a new mechanism by which c-FLIP regulates FoxM1 and the function of this interaction in the development of thiostrepton and osimertinib resistance. This study provides experimental evidence for the potential therapeutic benefit of targeting the c-FLIP-FoxM1 axis for lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Die Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yue Shang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jun Ni
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Ai-Min Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Gao-Jie Li
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Ling Su
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Shu-Zhen Chen
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
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14
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Ma K, Sun Z, Li X, Guo J, Wang Q, Teng M. Forkhead box M1 recruits FoxP3 + Treg cells to induce immune escape in hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Immun Inflamm Dis 2022; 10:e727. [PMID: 36301031 PMCID: PMC9597491 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HCCA) is a malignancy related to chronic biliary tract inflammation. Tumor immune escape is a necessary process of tumorigenesis. Forkhead box M1 (FoxM1) could affect the progression of various carcinomas. This study attempted to elaborate on the mechanism of FoxM1 in HCCA immune escape. Methods HCCA cell lines were collected to measure the expression of FoxM1 and FoxP3. CD8+ T cells were extracted to establish the co‐culture system with HCCA cells and Treg cells. pcDNA3.1‐FoxM1 or si‐FoxP3 was transfected into HCCA cells in the co‐culture system. HCCA cell viability, mobility, and invasiveness as well as levels of transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β and interleukin (IL)‐6 were evaluated. The binding relation between FoxM1 and FoxP3 promoter was verified. HCCA cells with pcDNA3.1‐FoxM1 were subcutaneously injected into mice to establish the xenograft mouse models. Results FoxM1 and FoxP3 were overexpressed in HCCA cells. The co‐culture of CD8+ T and HCCA cells inhibited HCCA cell activity and Treg cells limited CD8+ T killing. FoxM1 overexpression strengthened the inhibiting role of Treg cells in CD8+ T killing, upregulated TGF‐β and IL‐6 levels, and encouraged HCCA immune escape. FoxM1 bound to the FoxP3 promoter region to promote FoxP3 transcription. Silencing of FoxP3 neutralized the promoting role of FoxM1 overexpression in Treg cell immunosuppression and HCCA cell immune escape. FoxM1 aggravated tumor development, upregulated FoxP3 expression, increased Treg cells, and reduced CD8+ T cells. Conclusion FoxM1 bound to the FoxP3 promoter region to promote FoxP3 transcription and recruited FoxP3+ Treg cells, thereby inducing HCCA immune escape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong ProvinceP.R. China
| | - Zhaowei Sun
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary SurgeryThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoShandong ProvinceP.R. China
| | - Xueliang Li
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary SurgeryThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoShandong ProvinceP.R. China
| | - Jingyun Guo
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary SurgeryThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoShandong ProvinceP.R. China
| | - Qinlei Wang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary SurgeryThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoShandong ProvinceP.R. China
| | - Mujian Teng
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong ProvinceP.R. China
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15
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Cao X, Ren K, Song Z, Li D, Quan M, Zheng Y, Cao J, Zeng W, Zou H. [Corrigendum] 7‑Difluoromethoxyl‑5,4'‑di‑n‑octyl genistein inhibits the stem‑like characteristics of gastric cancer stem‑like cells and reverses the phenotype of epithelial‑mesenchymal transition in gastric cancer cells. Oncol Rep 2022; 48:176. [PMID: 36004463 PMCID: PMC9478969 DOI: 10.3892/or.2022.8391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Subsequently to the publication of the above article, an interested reader drew to the authors' attention that there appeared to be two pairs of images in Fig. 2A and B on p. 1159 and Fig. 4 on p. 1161 that contained overlapping sections, such that these figures, which were intending to show the results from differently performed experiments, may have been derived from the same original sources. The authors have examined their original data, and realize that, although Fig. 2 was correct as presented in the article, these data were erroneously and inadvertently included in Fig. 4. The revised version of Fig. 4, which shows the inhibition of sphere‑forming ability by 7‑difluoromethoxyl‑5,4'‑di‑n‑octyl genistein (DOFG) in gastric cancer stem‑like cells derived from SGC‑7901 cells, is shown below, now including the correct data for the panels showing treatment with 0 and 1.0 µmol/l DOFG, and with re‑quantification of these data. The authors are grateful to the Editor of Oncology Reports for allowing them the opportunity to publish a Corrigendum, and all the authors agree with its publication. Furthermore, they apologize to the readership for any inconvenience caused. [Oncology Reports 36: 1157‑1165, 2016; DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.4848].
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozheng Cao
- Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Kaiqun Ren
- Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Zhengwei Song
- Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Duo Li
- Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Meifang Quan
- Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zheng
- Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Jianguo Cao
- Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Wenbin Zeng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Molecular Imaging Research Center, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Hui Zou
- Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
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16
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Demirtas Korkmaz F, Dogan Turacli I, Esendagli G, Ekmekci A. Effects of thiostrepton alone or in combination with selumetinib on triple-negative breast cancer metastasis. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:10387-10397. [PMID: 36097108 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07751-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE FoxM1 transcription factor contributes to tumor metastasis and poor prognosis in many cancers including triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). In this study, we examined the effects of FoxM1 inhibitor Thiostrepton (THIO) alone or in combination with MEK inhibitor Selumetinib (SEL) on metastatic parameters in vitro and in vivo. METHODS Cell viability was determined by MTT assay. Immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry was used to assess metastasis-related protein expressions in 4T1 cells and its allograft tumor model in BALB/c mice. In vivo uPA activity was determined by enzymatic methods. RESULTS Both inhibitors were effective on the expressions of FoxM1, ERK, p-ERK, Twist, E-cadherin, and Vimentin alone or in combination in vitro. THIO significantly decreased 4T1 cell migration and changed the cell morphology from mesenchymal-like to epithelial-like structure. THIO was more effective than in combination with SEL in terms of metastatic protein expressions in vivo. THIO alone significantly inhibited mean tumor growth, decreased lung metastasis rate and tumor foci, however, no significant changes in these parameters were observed in the combined group. Immunohistochemically, FoxM1 expression intensity was decreased with THIO and its combination with SEL in the tumors. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that inhibiting FoxM1 as a single target is more effective than combined treatment with MEK in theTNBC allograft model. The therapeutic efficacy of THIO should be investigated with further studies on appropriate drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Funda Demirtas Korkmaz
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey. .,Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Giresun University, Giresun, 28100, Turkey.
| | - Irem Dogan Turacli
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ufuk University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Guldal Esendagli
- Department of Medical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Ekmekci
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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Liao J, Jiang L, Wang C, Zhao D, He W, Zhou K, Liang Y. FoxM1 Regulates Proliferation and Apoptosis of Human Neuroblastoma Cell through PI3K/AKT Pathway. Fetal Pediatr Pathol 2022; 41:355-370. [PMID: 32901528 DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2020.1814915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Aim: This study investigated the effect of FoxM1 on the biological behavior of neuroblastoma (NB) cells in vitro and the association between FoxM1 and PI3K/AKT pathways in NB cell lines. Materials and methods: Recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1 (+)-FoxM1 and FoxM1-specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) were transfected into IMR-32 cells by liposome transfection. The expression of FoxM1, AKT and PI3K were determined by qRT-PCR and western blotting. The effect of FoxM1 and PI3K/AKT pathways on the cell cycles and apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry. Cell viability and proliferation ability were assessed by CCK8 and colony formation assay. Results: Knockdown of FoxM1 promoted NB cell apoptosis and G1-phase cell cycle arrest significantly, increased the expression of apoptosis-related proteins, and suppressed the phospho-activation of PI3K and AKT. Over-expression of FoxM1 had the opposite effects. Conclusion: FoxM1 knockdown inhibited NB cell proliferation and induced apoptosis through inhibiting activation of PI3K and AKT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junzuo Liao
- Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Lin Jiang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Dan Zhao
- Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Wenfei He
- Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Kejun Zhou
- Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Yun Liang
- Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
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18
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Jeong JH, Ryu JH. Urushiol V Suppresses Cell Proliferation and Enhances Antitumor Activity of 5-FU in Human Colon Cancer Cells by Downregulating FoxM1. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2022; 30:257-264. [PMID: 35264465 PMCID: PMC9047495 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2022.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumor. 5-FU is commonly used for the treatment of CRC. However, the development of drug resistance in tumor chemotherapy can seriously reduce therapeutic efficacy of 5-FU. Recent data show that FoxM1 is associated with 5-FU resistance in CRC. FoxM1 plays a critical role in the carcinogenesis and drug resistance of several malignancies. It has been reported that urushiol V isolated from the cortex of Rhus verniciflua Stokes is cytotoxic to several types of cancer cells. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms for its antitumor activity and its potential to attenuate the chemotherapeutic resistance in CRC cells remain unknown. Here, we found that urushiol V could inhibit the cell proliferation and induced S-phase arrest of SW480 colon cancer cells. It inhibited protein expression level of FoxM1 through activation of AMPK. We also investigated the combined effect of urushiol V and 5-FU. The combination treatment reduced FoxM1 expression and consequently reduced cell growth and colony formation in 5-FU resistant colon cancer cells (SW480/5-FUR). Taken together, these result suggest that urushiol V from Rhus verniciflua Stokes can suppress cell proliferation by inhibiting FoxM1 and enhance the antitumor capacity of 5-FU. Therefore, urushiol V may be a potential bioactive compound for CRC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hye Jeong
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Ha Ryu
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea
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Evans CE, Peng Y, Zhu MM, Dai Z, Zhang X, Zhao YY. Rabeprazole Promotes Vascular Repair and Resolution of Sepsis-Induced Inflammatory Lung Injury through HIF-1α. Cells 2022; 11:cells11091425. [PMID: 35563731 PMCID: PMC9105578 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
There are currently no effective treatments for sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The repositioning of existing drugs is one possible effective strategy for the treatment of sepsis and ARDS. We previously showed that vascular repair and the resolution of sepsis-induced inflammatory lung injury is dependent upon endothelial HIF-1α/FoxM1 signaling. The aim of this study was to identify a candidate inducer of HIF-1α/FoxM1 signaling for the treatment of sepsis and ARDS. Employing high throughput screening of a library of 1200 FDA-approved drugs by using hypoxia response element (HRE)-driven luciferase reporter assays, we identified Rabeprazole (also known as Aciphex) as a top HIF-α activator. In cultured human lung microvascular endothelial cells, Rabeprazole induced HIF1A mRNA expression in a dose-dependent manner. A dose-response study of Rabeprazole in a mouse model of endotoxemia-induced inflammatory lung injury identified a dose that was well tolerated and enhanced vascular repair and the resolution of inflammatory lung injury. Rabeprazole treatment resulted in reductions in lung vascular leakage, edema, and neutrophil sequestration and proinflammatory cytokine expression during the repair phrase. We next used Hif1a/Tie2Cre knockout mice and Foxm1/Tie2Cre knockout mice to show that Rabeprazole promoted vascular repair through HIF-1α/FoxM1 signaling. In conclusion, Rabeprazole is a potent inducer of HIF-1α that promotes vascular repair and the resolution of sepsis-induced inflammatory lung injury via endothelial HIF-1α/FoxM1 signaling. This drug therefore represents a promising candidate for repurposing to effectively treat severe sepsis and ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin E. Evans
- Program for Lung and Vascular Biology, Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (Y.P.); (M.M.Z.); (Z.D.); (X.Z.)
- Section for Injury Repair and Regeneration Research, Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Correspondence: (C.E.E.); (Y.-Y.Z.); Tel.: +1-(312)-503-7593 (Y.-Y.Z.)
| | - Yi Peng
- Program for Lung and Vascular Biology, Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (Y.P.); (M.M.Z.); (Z.D.); (X.Z.)
- Section for Injury Repair and Regeneration Research, Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Maggie M. Zhu
- Program for Lung and Vascular Biology, Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (Y.P.); (M.M.Z.); (Z.D.); (X.Z.)
- Section for Injury Repair and Regeneration Research, Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Zhiyu Dai
- Program for Lung and Vascular Biology, Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (Y.P.); (M.M.Z.); (Z.D.); (X.Z.)
- Section for Injury Repair and Regeneration Research, Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Xianming Zhang
- Program for Lung and Vascular Biology, Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (Y.P.); (M.M.Z.); (Z.D.); (X.Z.)
- Section for Injury Repair and Regeneration Research, Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - You-Yang Zhao
- Program for Lung and Vascular Biology, Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (Y.P.); (M.M.Z.); (Z.D.); (X.Z.)
- Section for Injury Repair and Regeneration Research, Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Correspondence: (C.E.E.); (Y.-Y.Z.); Tel.: +1-(312)-503-7593 (Y.-Y.Z.)
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20
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Li C, Guan X, Jing H, Xiao X, Jin H, Xiong J, Ai S, Wang Y, Su T, Sun G, Fu T, Wang Y, Guo S, Liang P. Circular RNA circBFAR promotes glioblastoma progression by regulating a miR-548b/ FoxM1 axis. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22183. [PMID: 35202487 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101307r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive type of tumor of the primary nervous system. Treatment options for GBM include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy; however, the clinical outcomes are poor, with a high rate of recurrence. An increasing number of studies have shown that circular RNAs (circRNAs) serve important roles in several types of cancer. Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was utilized to identify the differentially expressed circRNAs and their biological functions. Then, we detected the circular RNA bifunctional apoptosis regulator (circBFAR) was significantly increased in three GEO datasets. However, the role of circBFAR has not been reported in GBM. In this study, the expression of circBFAR was significantly increased both in GBM tissues or cell lines and was negatively correlated with overall survival in patients with GBM. Knockdown of circBFAR inhibited proliferation and invasion both in vitro and in vivo. Increased expression of circBFAR resulted in a reduction of miR-548b expression in glioma cells. A luciferase reporter and RIP assay indicated that miR-548b was a direct target of circBFAR, and miR-548b may negatively regulate the expression of FoxM1. Rescue experiments showed that overexpression of FoxM1 could counter the effect of circBFAR silencing on the proliferation and invasion of glioma cell lines. Moreover, we identified that circBFAR regulates FoxM1 by interacting with miR-548b in glioma cells. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that a circBFAR/miR-548b/FoxM1 axis regulates the development of GBM and highlights potentially novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenlong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Xue Guan
- Animal Laboratory Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hanguang Jing
- Breast Surgery, Lin Yi Famous Doctor Studio, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xu Xiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Hua Jin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Jinsheng Xiong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Siqi Ai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Yingjie Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Tianqi Su
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Guiyin Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Tianjiao Fu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Yujie Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Shouli Guo
- Animal Experiment Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Peng Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
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21
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Wang H, Hu M, Ding Z, Zhou X, Yang S, Shen Z, Yan F, Zhao A. Phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase positively regulates the proliferation of chicken muscle cells. Poult Sci 2022; 101:101805. [PMID: 35344765 PMCID: PMC8958537 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.101805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) is the rate-limiting enzyme in the serine synthesis pathway. However, the regulatory role of PHGDH in muscle development is unclear. We report that the expression of PHGDH increased significantly during proliferation of chicken skeletal muscle satellite cells. Knockdown of PHGDH by an siRNA suppressed myoblast proliferation, whereas overexpression of PHGDH enhanced muscle cell proliferation. Furthermore, PHGDH promoted the expression of Forkhead box protein M1 (FoxM1). Knockdown of FoxM1 by an siRNA attenuated the proliferation of chicken muscle cells, whereas its overexpression significantly promoted proliferation. Additionally, siRNA-PHGDH inhibited pcDNA3.1-FoxM1-induced FoxM1 expression in chicken muscle cells. Moreover, PHGDH inhibition overcame the stimulation by pcDNA3.1-FoxM1 of cell cycle-related gene expression. We propose that PHGDH accelerates chicken muscle cell proliferation by increasing FoxM1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Moran Hu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Zhaoxue Ding
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Xiaolong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Songbai Yang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Zhonghao Shen
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Feifei Yan
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Ayong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhejiang 311300, China.
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22
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Murad R, Macias-Muñoz A, Wong A, Ma X, Mortazavi A. Coordinated Gene Expression and Chromatin Regulation during Hydra Head Regeneration. Genome Biol Evol 2021; 13:evab221. [PMID: 34877597 PMCID: PMC8651858 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evab221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The cnidarian model organism Hydra has long been studied for its remarkable ability to regenerate its head, which is controlled by a head organizer located near the hypostome. The canonical Wnt pathway plays a central role in head organizer function during regeneration and during bud formation, which is the asexual mode of reproduction in Hydra. However, it is unclear how shared the developmental programs of head organizer genesis are in budding and regeneration. Time-series analysis of gene expression changes during head regeneration and budding revealed a set of 298 differentially expressed genes during the 48-h head regeneration and 72-h budding time courses. In order to understand the regulatory elements controlling Hydra head regeneration, we first identified 27,137 open-chromatin elements that are open in one or more sections of the organism body or regenerating tissue. We used histone modification ChIP-seq to identify 9,998 candidate proximal promoter and 3,018 candidate enhancer-like regions respectively. We show that a subset of these regulatory elements is dynamically remodeled during head regeneration and identify a set of transcription factor motifs that are enriched in the enhancer regions activated during head regeneration. Our results show that Hydra displays complex gene regulatory structures of developmentally dynamic enhancers, which suggests that the evolution of complex developmental enhancers predates the split of cnidarians and bilaterians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabi Murad
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California Irvine, USA
- Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California Irvine, USA
| | - Aide Macias-Muñoz
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California Irvine, USA
- Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California Irvine, USA
| | - Ashley Wong
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California Irvine, USA
- Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California Irvine, USA
| | - Xinyi Ma
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California Irvine, USA
- Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California Irvine, USA
| | - Ali Mortazavi
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California Irvine, USA
- Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California Irvine, USA
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23
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Ma X, Zhang H, Li Q, Schiferle E, Qin Y, Xiao S, Li T. FOXM1 Promotes Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma via Activation of the Linc-ROR/LMO4/AKT/PI3K Axis. Front Oncol 2021; 11:658712. [PMID: 34447693 PMCID: PMC8383294 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.658712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/Aim Previous literature has implicated the sustained expression of FOXM1 in numerous human cancers, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The current study aimed to elucidate the function and regulatory mechanism of FOXM1 in HNSCC. Methods Western blot and RT-qPCR methods were performed to evaluate the expression of Linc-ROR, FOXM1, and LMO4 in HNSCC tissue samples and cells. The binding between FOXM1 and Linc-ROR was analyzed using a ChIP assay. Various cellular processes including proliferation and invasion abilities were assessed following alteration of FOXM1, Linc-ROR and LMO4 expression in HNSCC cells. Xenograft mouse models were established to validate the in vitro findings. Results Linc-ROR and FOXM1 were highly expressed in HNSCC tissues and cells. FOXM1 operated as a potential transcription factor to bind to the promoter region of Linc-ROR. Linc-ROR and FOXM1 exhibited high expression levels in both the clinical tissue samples as well as the HNSCC cells, which could facilitate the proliferation and invasion of HNSCC cells. Linc-ROR upregulated the expression of LMO4 and promoted activation of the AKT/PI3K signaling pathway, thus stimulating the proliferation and invasion of HNSCC cells. Silencing of Linc-ROR brought about a contrasting effect relative to that seen when FOXM1 was overexpressed in HNSCC in vivo. Conclusions Overall, FOXM1 promoted the expression of Linc-ROR and induced the activation of the LMO4-dependent AKT/PI3K signaling pathway, thus facilitating the occurrence and development of HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Ma
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Perking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Erik Schiferle
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Yao Qin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Suifang Xiao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tiancheng Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
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24
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Kuttikrishnan S, Prabhu KS, Khan AQ, Alali FQ, Ahmad A, Uddin S. Thiostrepton inhibits growth and induces apoptosis by targeting FoxM1/SKP2/MTH1 axis in B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells. Leuk Lymphoma 2021; 62:3170-3180. [PMID: 34369229 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2021.1957873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Forkhead box M1 (FoxM1) is a transcription factor that plays an important role in the etiology of many cancers, however, its role has not been elucidated in B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-pre-ALL). In the current study, we showed that the downregulation of FoxM1 by its inhibitor thiostrepton inhibited cell viability and induced caspase-dependent apoptosis in a panel of B-pre-ALL cell lines. Thiostrepton led downregulation of FoxM1 accompanied by decreased expression of Aurora kinase A, B, matrix metalloproteinases, and oncogene SKP2 as well as MTH1. Downregulation of the FoxM1/SKP2/MTH1 axis led to increase in the Bax/Bcl2 ratio and suppression of antiapoptotic proteins. Thiostrepton-mediated apoptosis was prevented by N-acetyl cysteine, a scavenger of reactive oxygen species. Co-treatment of B-pre-ALL with subtoxic doses of thiostrepton and bortezomib potentiated the proapoptotic action. Altogether, our results suggest that targeting FoxM1expression could be an attractive strategy for the treatment of B-pre-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Kuttikrishnan
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.,College of Pharmacy, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Kirti S Prabhu
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Abdul Q Khan
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Feras Q Alali
- College of Pharmacy, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.,Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, QU Health, Qatar University
| | - Aamir Ahmad
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.,Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.,Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.,Laboratory of Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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25
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Gao Y, Xu D, Li H, Xu J, Pan Y, Liao X, Qian J, Hu Y, Yu G. Avasimibe Dampens Cholangiocarcinoma Progression by Inhibiting FoxM1-AKR1C1 Signaling. Front Oncol 2021; 11:677678. [PMID: 34127944 PMCID: PMC8195695 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.677678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Avasimibe is a bioavailable acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase (ACAT) inhibitor and shows a good antitumor effect in various human solid tumors, but its therapeutic value in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) and underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. In the study, we proved that avasimibe retard cell proliferation and tumor growth of CCAs and identified FoxM1/AKR1C1 axis as the potential novel targets of avasimibe. Aldo-keto reductase 1 family member C1 (AKR1C1) is gradually increased along with the disease progression and highly expressed in human CCAs. From survival analysis, AKR1C1 could be a vital predictor of tumor recurrence and prognostic factor. Enforced Forkhead box protein M1 (FoxM1) expression results in the upregulation of AKR1C1, whereas silencing FoxM1 do the opposite. FoxM1 directly binds to promoter of AKR1C1 and triggers its transcription, while FoxM1-binding site mutation decreases AKR1C1 promoter activity. Moreover, over-expressing exogenous FoxM1 reverses the growth retardation of CCA cells induced by avasimibe administration, while silencing AKR1C1 in FoxM1-overexpressing again retard cell growth. Furthermore, FoxM1 expression significantly correlates with the AKR1C1 expression in human CCA specimens. Our study demonstrates a novel positive regulatory between FoxM1 and AKR1C1 contributing cell growth and tumor progression of CCA and avasimibe may be an alternative therapeutic option for CCA by targeting this FoxM1/AKR1C1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunshu Gao
- Department of Oncology, People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dongyun Xu
- Department of Oncology, The 71st Group Army Hospital of People's Liberation Army, The Affiliated Huaihai Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Hongwei Li
- Department of Oncology, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiahua Xu
- Department of Oncology, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yating Pan
- Department of Oncology, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyi Liao
- Department of Oncology, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianxin Qian
- Department of Oncology, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Hu
- Department of Oncology, People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guanzhen Yu
- Precision Medical Center laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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26
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Cui X, Yu H, Yu T, Xiao D, Wang X. LncRNA MNX1-AS1 drives aggressive laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma progression and serves as a ceRNA to target FoxM1 by sponging microRNA-370. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:9900-9910. [PMID: 33882027 PMCID: PMC8064170 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) MNX1 antisense RNA 1(MNX1-AS1) is associated with the pathology of numerous cancers. But, the role and underlying pathways of MNX1-AS1 in the regulation of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is not known. We demonstrated remarkably elevated levels of MNX1-AS1 in the LSCC tissues, which was correlated with poor disease prognosis. Moreover, MNX1-AS1-silencing strongly suppressed LSCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. We also demonstrated that MNX1-AS1 sequesters that activity of miR-370, thereby releasing Forkhead Box ml (FoxM1) from the inhibitory actions of MNX1-AS1. Furthermore, the positive correlation of MNX1-AS1 and FoxM1 as well as the converse correlation between miR-370 and MNX1-AS1 (or FoxM1) were revealed in LSCC tissues using experiments. Based on rescue assays, FoxM1 overexpression or miR-370 downregulation partially recovered the inhibitory effect of MNX1-AS1 silencing on LSCC cells. Moreover, knockdown of MNX1-AS1 retarded tumor growth in nude mice model. In summary, these findings verified that MNX1-AS1 modulated LSCC progression by competitively binding with miR-370 to regulate FoxM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyan Cui
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Hong Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Tingting Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Dong Xiao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
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27
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Jia J, Cui Y, Tan Z, Liu M, Jiang Y. Transcriptional factor FoxM1-activated microRNA-335-3p maintains the self-renewal of neural stem cells by inhibiting p53 signaling pathway via Fmr1. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:169. [PMID: 33691791 PMCID: PMC7945216 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02191-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background New mechanistic insights into the self-renewal ability and multipotent properties of neural stem cells (NSCs) are currently under active investigation for potential use in the treatment of neurological diseases. In this study, NSCs were isolated from the forebrain of fetal rats and cultured to induce NSC differentiation, which was associated with low expression of the non-coding RNA microRNA-335-3p (miR-335-3p). Methods Loss- and gain-of-function experiments were performed in NSCs after induction of differentiation. Results Overexpression of miR-335-3p or FoxM1 and inhibition of the Fmr1 or p53 signaling pathways facilitated neurosphere formation, enhanced proliferation and cell cycle entry of NSCs, but restricted NSC differentiation. Mechanistically, FoxM1 positively regulated miR-335-3p by binding to its promoter region, while miR-335-3p targeted and negatively regulated Fmr1. Additionally, the promotive effect of miR-335-3p on NSC self-renewal occurred via p53 signaling pathway inactivation. Conclusion Taken together, miR-335-3p activated by FoxM1 could suppress NSC differentiation and promote NSC self-renewal by inactivating the p53 signaling pathway via Fmr1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaoying Jia
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 139, Renmin Middle Road, Furong District, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Cui
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 139, Renmin Middle Road, Furong District, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhigang Tan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 139, Renmin Middle Road, Furong District, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 139, Renmin Middle Road, Furong District, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yugang Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 139, Renmin Middle Road, Furong District, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China.
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28
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Iness AN, Rubinsak L, Meas SJ, Chaoul J, Sayeed S, Pillappa R, Temkin SM, Dozmorov MG, Litovchick L. Oncogenic B-Myb Is Associated With Deregulation of the DREAM-Mediated Cell Cycle Gene Expression Program in High Grade Serous Ovarian Carcinoma Clinical Tumor Samples. Front Oncol 2021; 11:637193. [PMID: 33747961 PMCID: PMC7969987 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.637193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell cycle control drives cancer progression and treatment response in high grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC). MYBL2 (encoding B-Myb), an oncogene with prognostic significance in several cancers, is highly expressed in most HGSOC cases; however, the clinical significance of B-Myb in this disease has not been well-characterized. B-Myb is associated with cell proliferation through formation of the MMB (Myb and MuvB core) protein complex required for transcription of mitotic genes. High B-Myb expression disrupts the formation of another transcriptional cell cycle regulatory complex involving the MuvB core, DREAM (DP, RB-like, E2F, and MuvB), in human cell lines. DREAM coordinates cell cycle dependent gene expression by repressing over 800 cell cycle genes in G0/G1. Here, we take a bioinformatics approach to further evaluate the effect of B-Myb expression on DREAM target genes in HGSOC and validate our cellular model with clinical specimens. We show that MYBL2 is highly expressed in HGSOC and correlates with expression of DREAM and MMB target genes in both The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) as well as independent analyses of HGSOC primary tumors (N = 52). High B-Myb expression was also associated with poor overall survival in the TCGA cohort and analysis by a DREAM target gene expression signature yielded a negative impact on survival. Together, our data support the conclusion that high expression of MYBL2 is associated with deregulation of DREAM/MMB-mediated cell cycle gene expression programs in HGSOC and may serve as a prognostic factor independent of its cell cycle role. This provides rationale for further, larger scale studies aimed to determine the clinical predictive value of the B-Myb gene expression signature for treatment response as well as patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audra N Iness
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Care, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Lisa Rubinsak
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Steven J Meas
- School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Jessica Chaoul
- School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Sadia Sayeed
- Department of Pathology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States.,Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Raghavendra Pillappa
- Department of Pathology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Sarah M Temkin
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Mikhail G Dozmorov
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States.,Department of Biostatistics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States.,Department of Pathology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Larisa Litovchick
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Care, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States.,Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
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Xie H, Miao N, Xu D, Zhou Z, Ni J, Yin F, Wang Y, Cheng Q, Chen P, Li J, Zheng P, Zhou L, Liu J, Zhang W, Wang X, Lu L. FoxM1 promotes Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation and renal fibrosis via transcriptionally regulating multi-Wnts expressions. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:1958-1971. [PMID: 33434361 PMCID: PMC7882937 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The activation of Wnt/β‐catenin pathway plays a pivotal role in promoting renal fibrosis. The activation of Wnt/β‐catenin pathway relies on the binding of Wnts to Frizzled receptors on cell membrane. However, the factor regulating Wnts production remains unclear. Here, we demonstrated that transcriptional factor FoxM1 was significantly increased in obstructed kidneys and patients' kidneys with fibrosis. The up‐regulation of FoxM1 mainly distributed in tubular epithelial cells. Pharmacological inhibition of FoxM1 down‐regulated multi‐Wnts elevation in UUO mice and attenuated renal fibrosis. In cultured renal tubular epithelial cells, overexpression of FoxM1 promoted 8 Wnts expression, while knock‐down on FoxM1‐suppressed multi‐Wnts including Wnt1, Wnt2b and Wnt3 expression induced by Ang II. Chromatin immunoprecipitation PCR confirmed that FoxM1 bound to Wnt1, Wnt2b, Wnt3 promoters and luciferase assay further identified that the transcriptions of Wnt1, Wnt2b and Wnt3 were regulated by FoxM1. Thus, our findings show that multi‐Wnt family members were regulated by transcriptional factor FoxM1. FoxM1 might be a key switch for activating β‐catenin pathway and renal fibrosis. Therefore, FoxM1 might be a potential therapeutic target in manipulating renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Xie
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Naijun Miao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Dan Xu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhuanli Zhou
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jiayun Ni
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Fan Yin
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yanzhe Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Tong Ren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Qian Cheng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Panpan Chen
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jingyao Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Peiqing Zheng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Tong Ren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Limin Lu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Shanghai Kidney Development and Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Shanghai, 201102, China
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30
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Imai J. Regulation of Adaptive Cell Proliferation by Vagal Nerve Signals for Maintenance of Whole-Body Homeostasis: Potential Therapeutic Target for Insulin-Deficient Diabetes. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2021; 254:245-252. [PMID: 34373421 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.254.245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In insulin-resistant states such as obesity, pancreatic β-cells proliferate to prevent blood glucose elevations. Failure of this β-cells proliferative response leads to the development of diabetes. On the other hand, when organs are damaged, cells proliferate to repair the organs. Therefore, these proliferations are compensatory mechanisms aimed at maintaining whole-body homeostasis. We previously discovered vagal signal-mediated systems regulating adaptive proliferation of β-cells and hepatocytes. Neuron-mediated liver-β-cell inter-organ crosstalk is involved in promotion of β-cell proliferation during obesity, and in this system, vagal signals directly stimulate β-cell proliferation. Meanwhile, in the liver, the multi-step mechanisms whereby vagal nerve signals activate hepatic resident macrophages are involved in hepatocyte proliferation after severe injury. Diabetes mellitus develops on the pathological basis of insufficient insulin action. Insulin action insufficiency is attributable to insulin resistance, i.e., the failure of insulin to exert sufficient effects, and/or to impairment of insulin secretion. Impairment of insulin secretion is attributable not only to the β-cell dysfunction but also to functional β-cell mass reduction. In this regard, there are already therapeutic options to increase insulin secretion from residual β-cells, such as sulfonyl urea and incretin-related drugs. In contrast, there are as yet no applicable therapeutic strategies to increase functional β-cell mass in vivo. Therefore, we have conducted the basic investigations to tackle this issue based on the discovery of neuron-mediated liver-β-cell inter-organ crosstalk. This review introduces vagal signal-mediated regulatory systems of adaptive cell proliferation in vivo and efforts to develop cell-increasing therapies based on vagal nerve-mediated cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junta Imai
- Department of Metabolism and Diabetes, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
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Chen M, Zhao S, Guo WH, Zhu YP, Pan L, Xie ZW, Sun WL, Jiang JT. Maternal exposure to Di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) aggravate gestational diabetes mellitus via FoxM1 suppression by pSTAT1 signalling. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2020; 205:111154. [PMID: 32810643 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The study focused on the toxicological effect of Di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) on the expression of Phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (pSTAT1) -regulated Forkhead box protein M1 (FoxM1), which might provide a new understanding of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) development and a potential target for treatment. Streptozotocin (STZ) (40 mg/kg) was introduced in maternal rats by intraperitoneal injection on gestation day 0 (GD 0) in the STZ and STZ + DBP groups. DBP was introduced in maternal rats by oral feeding in the STZ + DBP group over the following 3 days (750 mg/kg/day). The changes in fasting blood glucose level in rats were detected on GD 1 and GD 5. The insulin levels in maternal rats and PIBCs were measured on GD 18. The Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) test was performed on GD 18 to check the stability of the GDM model. The primary islet β cells (PIBCs) were established for in vitro experiments. We examined the FoxM1 and pSTAT1 expression in pancreas by immunohistochemistry. Real-time PCR and Western blot were used to detect the pSTAR1 and FoxM1 protein and mRNA gene expression levels in PIBCs. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and flow cytometric analysis was used to test the viability and apoptosis of cells. The results showed that the STZ + DBP group had higher glucose and lower insulin secretion levels than the other groups by both fasting test and OGTT. FoxM1 was significantly suppressed while pSTAT1 was highly expressed after DBP exposure. FoxM1 could be regulated by pSTAT1. DBP can influence the progression of GDM through its toxicological effect, which significantly increases the expression of pSTAT1 and suppresses FoxM1, causing a decline in β cell viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Chen
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Sheng Zhao
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Wen-Huan Guo
- Pathology Center, Shanghai General Hospital/Faculty of Basic Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Yi-Ping Zhu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Lei Pan
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Zhi-Wen Xie
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Wen-Lan Sun
- Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China.
| | - Jun-Tao Jiang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China.
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Xie H, Gao YM, Zhang YC, Jia MW, Peng F, Meng QH, Wang YC. Low let-7d exosomes from pulmonary vascular endothelial cells drive lung pericyte fibrosis through the TGFβRI/ FoxM1/Smad/β-catenin pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:13913-13926. [PMID: 33179861 PMCID: PMC7753874 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis (PF) was mediated by the progressive deposition of excessive extracellular matrix, but little is known about the regulatory mechanisms of fibrogenesis by lung pericytes. The mouse PF model was established by treatment with bleomycin, followed by isolation of exosomes from mouse broncho‐alveolar lavage fluids by the centrifuge method. Relative mRNA/microRNA levels and protein expression were assessed by qRT‐PCR and Western blotting, respectively. The binding of let‐7d with gene promoter was validated by dual‐luciferase reporter assay. Protein interactions were verified via GST pull‐down and co‐immunoprecipitation. Nuclear retention of Smad3 was analysed by extraction of cytoplasmic and nuclear fraction of pericytes followed by Western blotting. Association of FoxM1 with gene promoter was detected by EMSA and ChIP‐PCR methods. FoxM1 expression is significantly elevated in human lung fibroblasts of PF patients and mouse PF model. The expression of let‐7d is repressed in exosomes derived from broncho‐alveolar lavage fluids of PF mice. Let‐7d or FoxM1 knockdown suppressed the expression of FoxM1, Smad3, β‐catenin, Col1A and α‐SMA expression in mouse lung pericytes under TGF‐β1 treatment. FoxM1 overexpression elevated above gene expression in mouse lung pericytes under TGF‐β1 treatment. Let‐7d directly targets TGFβRI to regulate FoxM1 and downstream gene expression in mouse lung pericytes. FoxM1 directly interacts with Smad3 proteins to promote Smad3 nuclear retention and binds with β‐catenin promoter sequence to promote fibrogenesis. Exosomes with low let‐7d from pulmonary vascular endothelial cells drive lung pericyte fibrosis through activating the TGFβRI/FoxM1/Smad/β‐catenin signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Xie
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Lung Cancer and Gastroenterology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Yuan-Mei Gao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong-Chang Zhang
- Department of Lung Cancer and Gastroenterology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Ming-Wang Jia
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fang Peng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing-He Meng
- Department of Surgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, U.S.A
| | - Yi-Chun Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Martínez-Rey D, Carmona-Rodríguez L, Fernández-Aceñero MJ, Mira E, Mañes S. Extracellular Superoxide Dismutase, the Endothelial Basement Membrane, and the WNT Pathway: New Players in Vascular Normalization and Tumor Infiltration by T-Cells. Front Immunol 2020; 11:579552. [PMID: 33250894 PMCID: PMC7673374 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.579552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are major players in the immune-mediated control of cancer and the response to immunotherapy. In primary cancers, however, TILs are commonly absent, suggesting T-cell entry into the tumor microenvironment (TME) to be selectively restricted. Blood and lymph vessels are the first barriers that circulating T-cells must cross to reach the tumor parenchyma. Certainly, the crossing of the endothelial cell (EC) basement membrane (EC-BM)—an extracellular matrix underlying EC—is a limiting step in T-cell diapedesis. This review highlights new data suggesting the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase-3 (SOD3) to be a regulator of EC-BM composition in the tumor vasculature. In the EC, SOD3 induces vascular normalization and endows the EC-BM with the capacity for the extravasation of effector T-cells into the TME, which it achieves via the WNT signaling pathway. However, when activated in tumor cells, this same pathway is reported to exclude TILs. SOD3 also regulates TIL density in primary human colorectal cancers (CRC), thus affecting the relapse rate and patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Martínez-Rey
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB/CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - María Jesús Fernández-Aceñero
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Fundación de Investigación Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilia Mira
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB/CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Santos Mañes
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB/CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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34
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Zhu X, Lu K, Cao L, Hu Y, Yin Y, Cai Y. FoxM1 is Upregulated in Osteosarcoma and Inhibition of FoxM1 Decreases Osteosarcoma Cell Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:9857-9867. [PMID: 33116844 PMCID: PMC7555408 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s270825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteosarcoma (OS) is a highly aggressive bone malignancy that is mostly diagnosed in children and young adults. Increasing evidence indicates that the transcription factor Forkhead Box M1 (FoxM1) plays a key role in the pathogenesis of various tumors. However, the function of FoxM1 in OS has not been clearly elucidated. Methods In the present study, we first analyzed the expressions of FoxM1 in human OS and myositis ossificans (MO, included as a control) tissues by immunohistochemistry. To investigate the functional significance of FoxM1 in OS tumorigenesis, we examined the effects of FoxM1 downregulation in MG-63 and HOS-MNNG cells by either short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated gene silencing or treatment with thiostrepton, a specific FoxM1 inhibitor. Results FoxM1 was detected in 82.1% (55/67) of OS vs only 10% (2/20) of MO samples. High expressions of FoxM1 were also detected in three human OS cell lines (HOS-MNNG, MG-63, and U-2OS). FoxM1 downregulation significantly reduced MG-63 and HOS-MNNG cell proliferation, migration, and invasion as well as cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase and increased apoptotic cell death. Conclusion The present study demonstrated the critical role of FoxM1 in the pathogenesis of OS. Therefore, FoxM1 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Zhu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, People's Republic of China
| | - Kangyang Lu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Liyu Cao
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Yin
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongping Cai
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, People's Republic of China
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35
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Fu Z, Cao X, Liu L, Cao X, Cui Y, Li X, Quan M, Ren K, Chen A, Xu C, Qiu Y, Chen X, Wang Z, Cao J. Genistein inhibits lung cancer cell stem-like characteristics by modulating MnSOD and FoxM1 expression. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:2506-2515. [PMID: 32782570 PMCID: PMC7400602 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) promotes invasive and migratory activities by upregulating Forkhead box protein M1 (FoxM1) expression. The present study investigated whether modulation of MnSOD and FoxM1 expression was responsible for the antitumor effects of genistein on cancer stem-like cells (CSLCs) derived from non-small cell lung cancer cells (NSCLCs). Spheroids prepared from H460 or A549 cells were defined as lung cancer stem-like cells (LCSLCs) and were treated with genistein. The Cell Counting Kit-8 assay was performed to assess human lung fibroblast IMR-90 cell proliferation, as well as NSCLC H460 and A549 cell proliferation following treatment with genistein. MnSOD, FoxM1, cluster of differentiation (CD)133, CD44, BMI1 proto-oncogene, polycomb ring finger (Bmi1) and Nanog homeobox (Nanog) protein expression levels were examined via western blotting. The sphere formation assay was conducted to evaluate LCSLC self-renewal potential, and LSCLC migratory and invasive activities were analyzed using the wound healing and Transwell invasion assays, respectively. Knockdown and overexpression of MnSOD and FOXM1 via short hairpin-RNA or cDNA transfection were performed. The results indicated that genistein (80 and 100 µM) suppressed H460 and A549 cell viability compared with IMR-90 cells. Sub-cytotoxic concentrations of genistein (20 and 40 µM) inhibited sphere formation activity and decreased the protein expression levels of CD133, CD44, Bmi1 and Nanog in LCSLCs compared with the control group. Genistein also suppressed the migratory and invasive activities of LCSLCs compared with the control group. MnSOD and FoxM1 overexpression antagonized the effects of genistein (40 µM), whereas MnSOD and FoxM1 knockdown enhanced the inhibitory effects of genistein (20 µM) on CSLC characteristics of LCSLCs. Overall, the results suggested that genistein suppressed lung cancer cell CSLC characteristics by modulating MnSOD and FoxM1 expression levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Fu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Chenzhou, Hunan 423000, P.R. China
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Pingshan General Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518118, P.R. China
| | - Xiaocheng Cao
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, P.R. China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discover of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Lihua Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenzhen People's Hospital 2nd Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, P.R. China
| | - Xiaozheng Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenzhen People's Hospital 2nd Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, P.R. China
| | - Yinghong Cui
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discover of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discover of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Meifang Quan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discover of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Kaiqun Ren
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discover of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - A Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discover of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Chang Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discover of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Yebei Qiu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discover of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Xiangding Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Pingshan General Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518118, P.R. China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The 2nd Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, P.R. China
| | - Jianguo Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discover of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
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Kurubanjerdjit N, Ng KL. A database of integrated molecular and phytochemical interactions of the foxm1 pathway for lung cancer. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 40:177-189. [PMID: 32835615 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1810777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The FoxM1 pathway is an oncogenic signaling pathway involved in essential mechanisms including control cell-cycle progression, apoptosis and cell growth which are the common hallmarks of various cancers. Although its biological functions in the tumor development and progression are known, the mechanism by which it participates in those processes is not understood. The present work reveals images of the oncogenic FoxM1 pathway controlling the cell cycle process with alternative treatment options via phytochemical substances in the lung cancer study. The downstream significant protein modules of the FoxM1 pathway were extracted by the Molecular Complex Detection (MCODE) and the maximal clique (Mclique) algorithms. Furthermore, the effects of post-transcriptional modification by microRNA, transcription factor binding and the phytochemical compounds are observed through their interactions with the lung cancer protein modules. We provided two case studies to demonstrate the usefulness of our database. Our results suggested that the combination of various phytochemicals is effective in the treatment of lung cancer. The ultimate goal of the present work is to partly support the discovery of plant-derived compounds in combination treatment of classical chemotherapeutic agents to increase the efficacy of lung cancer method probably with minor side effects. Furthermore, a web-based system displaying results of the present work is set up for investigators posing queries at http://sit.mfu.ac.th/lcgdb/index_FoxM1.php.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ka-Lok Ng
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Sinha S, Dwivedi N, Woodgett J, Tao S, Howard C, Fields TA, Jamadar A, Rao R. Glycogen synthase kinase-3β inhibits tubular regeneration in acute kidney injury by a FoxM1-dependent mechanism. FASEB J 2020; 34:13597-13608. [PMID: 32813289 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000526rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is characterized by injury to the tubular epithelium that leads to the sudden loss of renal function. Proper tubular regeneration is essential to prevent progression to chronic kidney disease. In this study, we examined the role of FoxM1, a forkhead box family member transcription factor in tubular repair after AKI. Renal FoxM1 expression increased after renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced AKI in mouse kidneys. Treatment with thiostrepton, a FoxM1 inhibitor, reduced FoxM1 regulated pro-proliferative factors and cell proliferation in vitro, and tubular regeneration in mouse kidneys after AKI. Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3) was found to be an upstream regulator of FoxM1 because GSK3 inhibition or renal tubular GSK3β gene deletion significantly increased FoxM1 expression, and improved tubular repair and renal function. GSK3 inactivation increased β-catenin, Cyclin D1, and c-Myc, and reduced cell cycle inhibitors p21 and p27. Importantly, thiostrepton treatment abolished the improved tubular repair in GSK3β knockout mice following AKI. These results demonstrate that FoxM1 is important for renal tubular regeneration following AKI and that GSK3β suppresses tubular repair by inhibiting FoxM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonali Sinha
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Nidhi Dwivedi
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - James Woodgett
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital and Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Shixin Tao
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Christianna Howard
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Timothy A Fields
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Abeda Jamadar
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Reena Rao
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
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Zeng WJ, Cheng Q, Wen ZP, Wang JY, Chen YH, Zhao J, Gong ZC, Chen XP. Aberrant ASPM expression mediated by transcriptional regulation of FoxM1 promotes the progression of gliomas. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:9613-9626. [PMID: 32667745 PMCID: PMC7520292 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common form of malignant tumour in the central nervous system. However, the molecular mechanism of the tumorigenesis and progression of gliomas remains unclear. In this study, we used the GEO database to identify genes differentially expressed in gliomas and predict the prognosis of glioma. We observed that ASPM mRNA was increased obviously in glioma tissue, and higher ASPM mRNA expression predicted worse disease prognosis. ASPM was highly expressed in glioma cell lines U87‐MG and U251, and knockdown of ASPM expression in these cells significantly repressed the proliferation, migration and invasion ability and induced G0/G1 phase arrest. In addition, down‐regulation of ASPM suppressed the growth of glioma in nude mice. Five potential binding sites for transcription factor FoxM1 were predicted in the ASPM promoter. FoxM1 overexpression significantly increased the expression of ASPM and promoted the proliferation and migration of glioma cells, which was abolished by ASPM ablation. ChIP and dual‐luciferase reporter analysis confirmed that FoxM1 bound to the ASPM promoter at −236 to ‐230 bp and −1354 to ‐1348 bp and activated the transcription of ASPM directly. Collectively, our results demonstrated for the first time that aberrant ASPM expression mediated by transcriptional regulation of FoxM1 promotes the malignant properties of glioma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jing Zeng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Quan Cheng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhi-Peng Wen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie-Ya Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yan-Hong Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhi-Cheng Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (XIANGYA), Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (XIANGYA), Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Qiu Y, Cao X, Liu L, Cao X, Yuan Q, Li X, Cui Y, Xu C, Zou C, Ren K, Cao J. Modulation of MnSOD and FoxM1 Is Involved in Invasion and EMT Suppression by Isovitexin in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:5759-5771. [PMID: 32765079 PMCID: PMC7371559 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s245283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) induces FoxM1 expression, subsequently contributing to migration in several cancer cells. Isovitexin (ISOV) was recently found to downregulate MnSOD and FoxM1, decreasing stemness in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) stem-like cells (HCSLCs). The current study aimed to determine whether inhibition of migration, invasion and EMT in HCSLCs by ISOV results from MnSOD/FoxM1 signaling blockade and subsequent Twist1, Slug, ZEB1 and MMP-2 downregulation. Materials and Methods We examined the migratory and invasive capabilities and EMT phenotype in HCC cells and their HCSLCs, respectively, by wound-healing assay, transwell invasion assay and Western blot after treatment with non-cytotoxic concentrations of ISOV, and explored the mechanism by which ISOV affects migration, invasion and EMT by MnSOD or FoxM1 knockdown and/or overexpression in HCSLCs or HCC cells. Results The results showed that ISOV not only downregulated MnSOD and FoxM1 but also suppressed the migratory and invasive capabilities and reversed the EMT phenotype in HCSLCs, which was reflected by elevated E-cadherin protein amounts, and reduced N-cadherin, Twist1, Slug, ZEB1 and MMP-2 protein levels. The suppressive effects of ISOV on the migratory and invasive capabilities and EMT phenotype could be potentiated by MnSOD or FoxM1 knockdown in HCSLCs, and attenuated by MnSOD or FoxM1 overexpression in HCC cells. Importantly, FoxM1 overexpression reversed MnSOD knockdown combined with ISOV suppression on the migratory and invasive capabilities and EMT phenotype in HCSLCs, while having little effects on MnSOD expression. Conclusion Collectively, the above findings demonstrated that ISOV suppresses migration, invasion and EMT in HCSLCs by blocking MnSOD/FoxM1 signaling subsequently inhibiting the expression of EMT-related transcription factors and MMP-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yebei Qiu
- The Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, People's Republic of China.,The Key Laboratory of Study and Discover of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaocheng Cao
- The Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, People's Republic of China.,The Key Laboratory of Study and Discover of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihua Liu
- Pharmacy Department, The Second Clinical Medical School of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518020, People's Republic of China.,Shenzhen Public Service Platform on Tumor Precision Medicine and Molecular Diagnosis, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518020, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaozheng Cao
- Pharmacy Department, The Second Clinical Medical School of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518020, People's Republic of China.,Shenzhen Public Service Platform on Tumor Precision Medicine and Molecular Diagnosis, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518020, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Yuan
- Department of Preclinical Medicine, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Preclinical Medicine, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinghong Cui
- The Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, People's Republic of China.,Department of Preclinical Medicine, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, People's Republic of China.,The Key Laboratory of Study and Discover of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang Zou
- Shenzhen Public Service Platform on Tumor Precision Medicine and Molecular Diagnosis, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518020, People's Republic of China.,Clinical Medical Research Center, The Second Clinical Medical School of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518020, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaiqun Ren
- The Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, People's Republic of China.,The Key Laboratory of Study and Discover of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianguo Cao
- The Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, People's Republic of China.,The Key Laboratory of Study and Discover of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, People's Republic of China
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Wang Y, Li Y, Feng J, Liu W, Li Y, Liu J, Yin Q, Lian H, Liu L, Nie Y. Mydgf promotes Cardiomyocyte proliferation and Neonatal Heart regeneration. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:9100-9112. [PMID: 32802181 PMCID: PMC7415811 DOI: 10.7150/thno.44281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived growth factor (Mydgf), a paracrine protein secreted by bone marrow-derived monocytes and macrophages, was found to protect against cardiac injury following myocardial infarction (MI) in adult mice. We speculated that Mydgf might improve heart function via myocardial regeneration, which is essential for discovering the target to reverse heart failure. Methods: Two genetic mouse lines were used: global Mydgf knockout (Mydgf-KO) and Mydgf-EGFP mice. Two models of cardiac injury, apical resection was performed in neonatal and MI was performed in adult mice. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, western blot and flow cytometry were performed to study the protein expression. Immunofluorescence was performed to detect the proliferation of cardiomyocytes. Heart regeneration and cardiac function were evaluated by Masson's staining and echocardiography, respectively. RNA sequencing was employed to identify the key involved in Mydgf-induced cardiomyocyte proliferation. Mydgf recombinant protein injection was performed as a therapy for cardiac repair post MI in adult mice. Results: Mydgf expression could be significantly induced in neonatal mouse hearts after cardiac injury. Unexpectedly, we found that Mydgf was predominantly expressed by endothelial cells rather than macrophages in injured neonatal hearts. Mydgf deficiency impeded neonatal heart regeneration and injury-induced cardiomyocyte proliferation. Mydgf recombinant protein promoted primary mouse cardiomyocyte proliferation. Employing RNA sequencing and functional verification, we demonstrated that c-Myc/FoxM1 pathway mediated Mydgf-induced cardiomyocyte expansion. Mydgf recombinant protein improved cardiac function in adult mice after MI injury with inducing cardiomyocyte proliferation. Conclusion: Mydgf promotes cardiomyocyte proliferation by activating c-Myc/FoxM1 pathway and improves heart regeneration both in neonatal and adult mice after cardiac injury, providing a potential target to reverse cardiac remodeling and heart failure.
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Zhang Z, Tu K, Liu F, Liang M, Yu K, Wang Y, Luo Y, Yang B, Qin Y, He D, Jiang G, Huang O, Zou Y. FoxM1 promotes the migration of ovarian cancer cell through KRT5 and KRT7. Gene 2020; 757:144947. [PMID: 32659254 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Forkhead box M1(FoxM1) played an important role in the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer, but its downstream molecular network is mysterious. Here, we combined ChIP-seq with RNA-seq analysis and identified 687 FoxM1-binding regions and 182 genes regulated by FoxM1. The above data pointed out that KRT5 and KRT7 were downstream target genes of FoxM1. Next, we used qPCR and Western blot to verify that FoxM1 knockdown inhibited the expression levels of KRT5 and KRT7. We also demonstrated that FoxM1 regulated KRT5 and KRT7 genes expression through binding a consensus AP-2 cis element, and showed that KRT5 and KRT7 deficiency could prevent the migration but not proliferation of SK-OV-3 cells. Finally, tissue microarray results indicated that KRT5 and KRT7 were highly expressed in ovarian cancer and positively correlated with FoxM1 expression. TCGA database showed that high expression of KRT5 and KRT7 could significantly reduce the survival rate of patients with ovarian cancer. The above results clarify the specific downstream molecular network of FoxM1 to promote the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer, and provide a basis experiment for the judgment of ovarian cancer prognosis and the design of drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China; Central Laboratory, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China
| | - Kaijia Tu
- Department of Oncology, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China
| | - Faying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China; Central Laboratory, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China
| | - Meirong Liang
- Department of Oncology, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China
| | - Kaihui Yu
- The College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China
| | - Yaoqing Wang
- The College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China
| | - Yong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China; Central Laboratory, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China
| | - Bicheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China; Central Laboratory, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China
| | - Yunna Qin
- Department of Pathology, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China
| | - Deming He
- Department of Pathology, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China
| | - Guoyi Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, PR China
| | - Ouping Huang
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China; Central Laboratory, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China.
| | - Yang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China; Central Laboratory, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China.
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Chen X, Gao S, Zhao Z, Liang G, Kong J, Feng X. MicroRNA-320d regulates tumor growth and invasion by promoting FoxM1 and predicts poor outcome in gastric cardiac adenocarcinoma. Cell Biosci 2020; 10:80. [PMID: 32551039 PMCID: PMC7298787 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-020-00439-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent evidences demonstrate that dysregulated expression of microRNA-320d (miR-320d) has been associated with several cancer development and progression. However the effect of miR-320d on gastric cardiac adenocarcinoma (GCA) and the association of miR-320d with its potential gene target FoxM1 remain unclear. Here, we evaluated expression profile of miR-320d and FoxM1 in 60 human GCA tissues and GCA cell lines (OE-19 and SK-GT2). Immunohistochemistry, qualitative PCR and western-blotting were performed in GCA tissues to detect the expression level of miR-320d and FoxM1. CCK-8, transwell, wound-healing assays, and in vivo experiments were conducted using GCA cells that treated with miR-320d mimics or inhibitors to evaluate the biological functions of miR-320d. Luciferase reporter assay was conducted to confirm possible binding sites of FoxM1 for miR-320d. Compared with paired non-cancerous tissues, it showed that miR-320d expression was significantly decreased in GCA specimens (P < 0.0001), while FoxM1 was significantly upregulated in GCA tissues (P < 0.0001). Modulating miR-320d function by transfection of miR-320 mimics or inhibitor led to inhibition or promotion of GCA cell proliferation and invasion, thus regulating tumor progression in GCA-tumor bearing mice. The mechanism analysis of miR-320d/FoxM1 showed that FoxM1 has two miR-320d binding sites in its 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR), that contributes to regulation of the cell biological behaviors. Taken together, our data suggested that miR-320d acts as a tumor suppressor in GCA by directly targeting FoxM1 and thus potentially serves as a biomarker for anti-GCA therapy in GCA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Chen
- Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.,China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Center, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008 China
| | - Shegan Gao
- Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, No. 263, Kaiyuan Street, Luolong District, Luoyang, 471000 China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.,Cancer Institute, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Zhiwei Zhao
- Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, No. 263, Kaiyuan Street, Luolong District, Luoyang, 471000 China
| | - Gaofeng Liang
- Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Jinyu Kong
- The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, No. 263, Kaiyuan Street, Luolong District, Luoyang, 471000 China
| | - Xiaoshan Feng
- The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, No. 263, Kaiyuan Street, Luolong District, Luoyang, 471000 China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.,Cancer Institute, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
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43
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Choi HJ, Jhe YL, Kim J, Lim JY, Lee JE, Shin MK, Cheong JH. FoxM1-dependent and fatty acid oxidation-mediated ROS modulation is a cell-intrinsic drug resistance mechanism in cancer stem-like cells. Redox Biol. 2020;36:101589. [PMID: 32521504 PMCID: PMC7286985 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels are inherently linked. ROS are essential signaling molecules, with detrimental effects when produced in excess during chemotherapy, leading to cell death. Cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) are a subpopulation of tumor cells resistant to chemotherapy, highly invasive and metastagenic, driving malignant cancer behavior. In this study, we demonstrated that CSCs exhibit increased OXPHOS but paradoxically low ROS levels. Considering the detrimental effects of large amounts of ROS, CSCs have developed potential mechanisms for quenching excess ROS to maintain redox homeostasis. We aimed to investigate the distinct metabolic features and mechanisms of ROS regulation in gastric CSCs and explore potential therapeutic strategies targeting CSCs. Human gastric cancer cell lines, AGS and MKN1, were subjected to liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry-based metabolomic and microarray analyses. Mitochondrial properties such as mitochondrial mass, membrane potential, and ROS were assessed by flow cytometric analysis. CSCs with increased OXPHOS levels maintained low ROS levels by coupling FoxM1-dependent Prx3 expression and fatty acid oxidation-mediated NADPH regeneration. Thus, interventions targeting ROS homeostasis in CSCs may be a useful strategy for targeting this drug-resistant tumor cell subpopulation.
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44
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Wang Y, Zhou Q, Tang R, Huang Y, He T. FoxM1 inhibition ameliorates renal interstitial fibrosis by decreasing extracellular matrix and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. J Pharmacol Sci 2020; 143:281-289. [PMID: 32513569 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2020.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
FoxM1 is a transcriptional regulator involved in tumor development, pulmonary fibrosis, and cardiac fibrosis. However, its role in renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF) has yet to be elucidated. We established a TGF-β1-stimulated human proximal tubular epithelial cell (HK-2) model in vitro and a unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO)-induced rat RIF model in vivo. FoxM1 inhibition was achieved by siRNA interference in vitro and by injecting thiostrepton into UUO-induced RIF rats in vivo. The degree of renal damage and fibrosis were determined by histological assessment via hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Immunohistochemistry, western blots, and qPCR were used to determine the expression levels of FoxM1, Collagen I, E-cadherin, α-SMA, and Snail1. Our results showed that FoxM1 inhibition could ameliorate RIF and reduce the deposition of Collagen I. H&E staining revealed that renal structural damage, inflammatory cell infiltration, and ECM deposition were significantly attenuated by thiostrepton treatment in the UUO rats. Furthermore, FoxM1 downregulation significantly suppressed epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, as evidenced by decreased protein and mRNA expression levels of α-SMA and Snail1 and a significant increase in protein and mRNA expression levels of E-cadherin. Collectively, these results suggested that FoxM1 inhibition could be a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of RIF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China; Department of Geriatrics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, China.
| | - Qiaoling Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
| | - Rong Tang
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Yuyu Huang
- Department of Geriatrics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, China
| | - Ting He
- Department of Geriatrics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, China
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Jeong JH, Ryu JH. Broussoflavonol B from Broussonetia kazinoki Siebold Exerts Anti-Pancreatic Cancer Activity through Downregulating FoxM1. Molecules 2020; 25:E2328. [PMID: 32429421 PMCID: PMC7287790 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25102328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer has a high mortality rate due to poor rates of early diagnosis. One tumor suppressor gene in particular, p53, is frequently mutated in pancreatic cancer, and mutations in p53 can inactivate normal wild type p53 activity and increase expression of transcription factor forkhead box M1 (FoxM1). Overexpression of FoxM1 accelerates cellular proliferation and cancer progression. Therefore, inhibition of FoxM1 represents a therapeutic strategy for treating pancreatic cancer. Broussoflavonol B (BF-B), isolated from the stem bark of Broussonetia kazinoki Siebold has previously been shown to inhibit the growth of breast cancer cells. This study aimed to investigate whether BF-B exhibits anti-pancreatic cancer activity and if so, identify the underlying mechanism. BF-B reduced cell proliferation, induced cell cycle arrest, and inhibited cell migration and invasion of human pancreatic cancer PANC-1 cells (p53 mutated). Interestingly, BF-B down-regulated FoxM1 expression at both the mRNA and protein level. It also suppressed the expression of FoxM1 downstream target genes, such as cyclin D1, cyclin B1, and survivin. Cell cycle analysis showed that BF-B induced the arrest of G0/G1 phase. BF-B reduced the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase ½ (ERK½) and expression of ERK½ downstream effector c-Myc, which regulates cell proliferation. Furthermore, BF-B inhibited cell migration and invasion, which are downstream functional properties of FoxM1. These results suggested that BF-B could repress pancreatic cancer cell proliferation by inactivation of the ERK/c-Myc/FoxM1 signaling pathway. Broussoflavonol B from Broussonetia kazinoki Siebold may represent a novel chemo-therapeutic agent for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jae-Ha Ryu
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 04310, Korea;
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Chattopadhyay M, Kodela R, Santiago G, Le TTC, Nath N, Kashfi K. NOSH-aspirin (NBS-1120) inhibits pancreatic cancer cell growth in a xenograft mouse model: Modulation of FoxM1, p53, NF-κB, iNOS, caspase-3 and ROS. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 176:113857. [PMID: 32061771 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.113857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer has poor survival rates and largely ineffective therapies. Aspirin is the prototypical anti-cancer agent but its long-term use is associated with significant side effects. NOSH-aspirin belongs to a new class of anti-inflammatory agents that were designed to be safer alternatives by releasing nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide. In this study we evaluated the effects of NOSH-aspirin against pancreatic cancer using cell lines and a xenograft mouse model. NOSH-aspirin inhibited growth of MIA PaCa-2 and BxPC-3 pancreatic cancer cells with IC50s of 47 ± 5, and 57 ± 4 nM, respectively, while it did not inhibit growth of a normal pancreatic epithelial cell line at these concentrations. NOSH-aspirin inhibited cell proliferation, caused G0/G1 phase cycle arrest, leading to increased apoptosis. Treated cells displayed increases in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and caspase-3 activity. In MIA PaCa-2 cell xenografts, NOSH-aspirin significantly reduced tumor growth and tumor mass. Growth inhibition was due to reduced proliferation (decreased PCNA expression) and induction of apoptosis (increased TUNEL positive cells). Expressions of ROS, iNOS, and mutated p53 were increased; while that of NF-κB and FoxM1 that were high in vehicle-treated xenografts were significantly inhibited by NOSH-aspirin. Taken together, these molecular events and signaling pathways contribute to NOSH-aspirin mediated growth inhibition and apoptotic death of pancreatic cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitali Chattopadhyay
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ravinder Kodela
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Gabriela Santiago
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Thuy Tien C Le
- Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology, NY 10023, United States
| | - Niharika Nath
- Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology, NY 10023, United States
| | - Khosrow Kashfi
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States; Avicenna Pharmaceuticals Inc., New York NY, United States; Graduate Program in Biology, City University of New York Graduate Center, New York NY, United States.
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Zheng S, Zhou C, Wang Y, Li H, Sun Y, Shen Z. TRIM6 promotes colorectal cancer cells proliferation and response to thiostrepton by TIS21/ FoxM1. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2020; 39:23. [PMID: 31992359 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1504-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tripartite motif-containing proteins (TRIM) play a crucial role in carcinogenesis. Little attention has been focused on the possible functions of TRIM6 on carcinogenesis. METHODS The expression levels of TRIM6 were assessed in colorectal cancer (CRC) samples. TRIM6 expression was knocked down in CRC cell lines, and subjected to Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation and cell cycle assays. Immunoprecipitation and proteomics analysis was performed to identify potential associated proteins of TRIM6. RESULTS TRIM6 expression was up-regulated in CRC samples and TRIM6 expression may be an independent prognostic marker for CRC. Knocking down TRIM6 expression suppressed CRC cell proliferation, induced cell cycle arrested at G2/M phase and increased sensitivity to 5-fluorouracil and oxaliplatin. TIS21, an anti-proliferative protein involved in the regulation of G2/M arrest, was identified as an interaction partner of TRIM6. Moreover, CRC cells with TRIM6 overexpression showed decreased TIS21 protein stability. TIS21 ubiquitination was increased in CRC cells overexpressing TRIM6, but not in those overexpressing TRIM6 E3 catalytic mutant (C15A). Further, Lys5 was essential for TRIM6 mediated TIS21 ubiquitination. TIS21 overexpression reversed the induced effects of TRIM6 overexpression on CRC cell proliferation, and the levels of forkhead box M1 (FoxM1), phosphorylated FoxM1, Cyclin B1 and c-Myc. Thiostrepton, a specific inhibitor for FoxM1, was less effective in anti-proliferative activity against CRC cells with lower level of TRIM6 in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that TRIM6 promotes the progression of CRC via TIS21/FoxM1.
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Ma K, Li X, Lv J, Liu Z, Zhang L, Cong H, Wang H, Shen F, Yue L. Correlations between CD4 + FoxP3 + Treg and expression of FoxM1 and Ki-67 in gastric cancer patients. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2020; 17:e63-e69. [PMID: 31957250 DOI: 10.1111/ajco.13302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
AIMS In this study, we intended to analyze the clinical significance of CD4+ FoxP3+ Tregs in gastric cancer patients and investigate the relationship between the proportion of CD4+ FoxP3+ Tregs in the peripheral blood and the expression of FoxM1 and Ki-67 in gastric cancer tissues. METHODS Flow cytometry was used to measure the CD4+ FoxP3+ Tregs level in peripheral blood from 70 gastric cancer patients one day before gastrectomy and D2 lymph node dissection. Immunohistochemistry staining was used to detect the expression of FoxM1 and Ki-67 in gastric cancer tissues. Data on clinico-pathological features and correlation between Tregs and the expression of FoxM1 and Ki-67 were then analyzed. RESULTS The average proportion of CD4+ FoxP3+ Tregs in gastric cancer patients' peripheral blood before surgery was 10.12 ± 2.85%, which was significantly higher in patients with late AJCC stage (P = 0.029) or lymph node metastasis (P = 0.003) compared to patients at earlier AJCC stage or without lymph node metastasis. The levels of CD4+ FoxP3+ Treg cells was positively correlated with the protein expression of FoxM1 (P = 0.003) and Ki-67 (P = 0.001), respectively. CONCLUSION These results suggest the level of CD4+ FoxP3+ Treg cells in peripheral blood has clinical significance in gastric cancer patients. The overexpression of FoxM1 and Ki-67 may relate to immunosuppression in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Ma
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Li
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jing Lv
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zimin Liu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lijian Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hui Cong
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Huiyun Wang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Fangzhen Shen
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lu Yue
- Department of Oncology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
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Zhong L, Zhao Z, Hu Q, Li Y, Zhao W, Li C, Xu Y, Rong R, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Li N, Liu Z. Identification of Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young Caused by Mutation in FOXM1 via Whole-Exome Sequencing in Northern China. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:534362. [PMID: 33633681 PMCID: PMC7900535 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.534362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a highly heterogeneous disorder encompassing different types with particular clinical manifestations, while maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is an early-onset monogenenic diabetes. Most genetic predisposition of MODY has been identified in European and American populations. A large number of Chinese individuals are misdiagnosed due to defects of unknown genes. In this study, we analyzed the genetic and clinical characteristics of the Northern China. A total of 200 diabetic patients, including 10 suspected MODY subjects, were enrolled, and the mutational analysis of monogenic genes was performed by whole-exome sequencing and confirmed by familial information and Sanger sequencing. We found that clinical features and genetic characteristics have varied widely between MODY and other diabetic subjects in Northern China. FOXM1, a key molecule in the proliferation of pancreatic β-cells, has a rare mutation rs535471991, which leads to instability within the phosphorylated domain that impairs its function. Our findings indicate that FOXM1 may play a critical role in MODY, which could reduce the misdiagnose rate and provide promising therapy for MODY patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhong
- The Shijiazhuang Second Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Medicine for Diabetes, The Shijiazhuang Second Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
- Shijiazhuang Technology Innovation Center of Precision Medicine for Diabetes, The Shijiazhuang Second Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zengyi Zhao
- The Shijiazhuang Second Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Medicine for Diabetes, The Shijiazhuang Second Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Qingshan Hu
- The Shijiazhuang Second Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Medicine for Diabetes, The Shijiazhuang Second Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yang Li
- The Shijiazhuang Second Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Medicine for Diabetes, The Shijiazhuang Second Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
- Shijiazhuang Technology Innovation Center of Precision Medicine for Diabetes, The Shijiazhuang Second Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Weili Zhao
- The Shijiazhuang Second Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Medicine for Diabetes, The Shijiazhuang Second Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
- Shijiazhuang Technology Innovation Center of Precision Medicine for Diabetes, The Shijiazhuang Second Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chuang Li
- The Shijiazhuang Second Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Medicine for Diabetes, The Shijiazhuang Second Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yunqiang Xu
- The Shijiazhuang Second Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ruijuan Rong
- The Shijiazhuang Second Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Medicine for Diabetes, The Shijiazhuang Second Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
- Shijiazhuang Technology Innovation Center of Precision Medicine for Diabetes, The Shijiazhuang Second Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- The Shijiazhuang Second Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Medicine for Diabetes, The Shijiazhuang Second Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
- Shijiazhuang Technology Innovation Center of Precision Medicine for Diabetes, The Shijiazhuang Second Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zifeng Zhang
- The Shijiazhuang Second Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Medicine for Diabetes, The Shijiazhuang Second Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
- Shijiazhuang Technology Innovation Center of Precision Medicine for Diabetes, The Shijiazhuang Second Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Nan Li
- The Shijiazhuang Second Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Medicine for Diabetes, The Shijiazhuang Second Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
- Shijiazhuang Technology Innovation Center of Precision Medicine for Diabetes, The Shijiazhuang Second Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zanchao Liu
- The Shijiazhuang Second Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Medicine for Diabetes, The Shijiazhuang Second Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
- Shijiazhuang Technology Innovation Center of Precision Medicine for Diabetes, The Shijiazhuang Second Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
- *Correspondence: Zanchao Liu,
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Zhou DM, Liu J, Liu F, Luo GW, Li HT, Zhang R, Chen BL, Hua W. A novel FoxM1-PSMB4 axis contributes to proliferation and progression of cervical cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 521:746-752. [PMID: 31699366 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.10.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The abnormally high activity of the proteasome system is closely related to the occurrence and development of various tumors. PSMB4 is a non-catalytic subunit for the proteasome assembly. Although the reports from genetic screening have demonstrated it's a driver gene for cell growth in several types of solid tumor, its expression pattern and regulatory mechanisms in malignant diseases are still elusive. Here, we found that PSMB4 is overexpressed in cervical cancer tissues. And knockdown of PSMB4 significantly inhibited cervical cancer cell proliferation. The mechanistic study revealed that FoxM1, a master regulator of cell division, binds directly to the promoter region of PSMB4 and regulates the PSMB4 expression in the mRNA level. In addition, the data analysis from TCGA showed a positive correlation between FxoM1 and PSMB4 in cervical cancer. Furthermore, the loss of functional and rescue experiments confirmed that PSMB4 is required for FoxM1-driven cervical cancer cell proliferation. Collectively, our study explains the phenomenon of dysregulated expression of PSMB4 in cervical cancer tissues and verifies its driver effect on cancer cell proliferation. More importantly, it highlights a FoxM1-PSMB4 axis could be a potential target for the treatment of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Mei Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, China
| | - Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, China
| | - Guang-Wei Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, China; School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, China
| | - Hai-Tong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, China; School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, China; Department of Immunology, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, China.
| | - Bi-Liang Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, China.
| | - Wei Hua
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, China.
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