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López-Estévez AM, Lapuhs P, Pineiro-Alonso L, Alonso MJ. Personalized Cancer Nanomedicine: Overcoming Biological Barriers for Intracellular Delivery of Biopharmaceuticals. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2309355. [PMID: 38104275 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202309355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
The success of personalized medicine in oncology relies on using highly effective and precise therapeutic modalities such as small interfering RNA (siRNA) and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Unfortunately, the clinical exploitation of these biological drugs has encountered obstacles in overcoming intricate biological barriers. Drug delivery technologies represent a plausible strategy to overcome such barriers, ultimately facilitating the access to intracellular domains. Here, an overview of the current landscape on how nanotechnology has dealt with protein corona phenomena as a first and determinant biological barrier is presented. This continues with the analysis of strategies facilitating access to the tumor, along with conceivable methods for enhanced tumor penetration. As a final step, the cellular barriers that nanocarriers must confront in order for their biological cargo to reach their target are deeply analyzed. This review concludes with a critical analysis and future perspectives of the translational advances in personalized oncological nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana María López-Estévez
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Department of Pharmacology, Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
| | - Philipp Lapuhs
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Department of Pharmacology, Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
| | - Laura Pineiro-Alonso
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Department of Pharmacology, Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
| | - María José Alonso
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Department of Pharmacology, Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
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2
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Witten J, Hu Y, Langer R, Anderson DG. Recent advances in nanoparticulate RNA delivery systems. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2307798120. [PMID: 38437569 PMCID: PMC10945842 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2307798120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticle-based RNA delivery has shown great progress in recent years with the approval of two mRNA vaccines for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and a liver-targeted siRNA therapy. Here, we discuss the preclinical and clinical advancement of new generations of RNA delivery therapies along multiple axes. Improvements in cargo design such as RNA circularization and data-driven untranslated region optimization can drive better mRNA expression. New materials discovery research has driven improved delivery to extrahepatic targets such as the lung and splenic immune cells, which could lead to pulmonary gene therapy and better cancer vaccines, respectively. Other organs and even specific cell types can be targeted for delivery via conjugation of small molecule ligands, antibodies, or peptides to RNA delivery nanoparticles. Moreover, the immune response to any RNA delivery nanoparticle plays a crucial role in determining efficacy. Targeting increased immunogenicity without induction of reactogenic side effects is crucial for vaccines, while minimization of immune response is important for gene therapies. New developments have addressed each of these priorities. Last, we discuss the range of RNA delivery clinical trials targeting diverse organs, cell types, and diseases and suggest some key advances that may play a role in the next wave of therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Witten
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
| | - Yizong Hu
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
| | - Robert Langer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
- Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Science and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
- Department of Anesthesiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA02115
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
| | - Daniel G. Anderson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
- Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Science and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
- Department of Anesthesiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA02115
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
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3
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Luzzi S, Agosti A. Radiomics Multifactorial in Silico Model for Spatial Prediction of Glioblastoma Progression and Recurrence: A Proof-of-Concept. World Neurosurg 2024; 183:e677-e686. [PMID: 38184226 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2024.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiomics-based prediction of glioblastoma spatial progression and recurrence may improve personalized strategies. However, most prototypes are based on limited monofactorial Gompertzian models of tumor growth. The present study consists of a proof of concept on the accuracy of a radiomics multifactorial in silico model in predicting short-term spatial growth and recurrence of glioblastoma. METHODS A radiomics-based biomathematical multifactorial in silico model was developed using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data from a 53-year-old patient with newly diagnosed glioblastoma of the right supramarginal gyrus. Raw and optimized models were derived from the MRI at diagnosis and matched to the preoperative MRI obtained 28 days after diagnosis to test the accuracy in predicting the short-term spatial growth of the tumor. An additional optimized model was derived from the early postoperative MRI and matched to the MRI documenting tumor recurrence to test spatial accuracy in predicting the location of recurrence. The spatial prediction accuracy of the model was reported as an average Jaccard index. RESULTS Optimized models yielded an average Jaccard index of 0.69 and 0.26 for short-term tumor growth and long-term recurrence site, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The present radiomics-based multifactorial in silico model was feasible, reliable, and accurate for short-term spatial prediction of glioblastoma progression. The predictive value for the spatial location of recurrence was still low, and refinements in the description of tissue reorganization in the peritumoral and resected areas may be critical to optimize accuracy further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabino Luzzi
- Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Abramo Agosti
- Department of Mathematics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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4
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Tuma J, Chen YJ, Collins MG, Paul A, Li J, Han H, Sharma R, Murthy N, Lee HY. Lipid Nanoparticles Deliver mRNA to the Brain after an Intracerebral Injection. Biochemistry 2023; 62:3533-3547. [PMID: 37729550 PMCID: PMC10760911 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.3c00371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Neurological disorders are often debilitating conditions with no cure. The majority of current therapies are palliative rather than disease-modifying; therefore, new strategies for treating neurological disorders are greatly needed. mRNA-based therapeutics have great potential for treating such neurological disorders; however, challenges with delivery have limited their clinical potential. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are a promising delivery vector for the brain, given their safer toxicity profile and higher efficacy. Despite this, very little is known about LNP-mediated delivery of mRNA into the brain. Here, we employ MC3-based LNPs and successfully deliver Cre mRNA and Cas9 mRNA/Ai9 sgRNA to the adult Ai9 mouse brain; greater than half of the entire striatum and hippocampus was found to be penetrated along the rostro-caudal axis by direct intracerebral injections of MC3 LNP mRNAs. MC3 LNP Cre mRNA successfully transfected cells in the striatum (∼52% efficiency) and hippocampus (∼49% efficiency). In addition, we demonstrate that MC3 LNP Cas9 mRNA/Ai9 sgRNA edited cells in the striatum (∼7% efficiency) and hippocampus (∼3% efficiency). Further analysis demonstrates that MC3 LNPs mediate mRNA delivery to multiple cell types including neurons, astrocytes, and microglia in the brain. Overall, LNP-based mRNA delivery is effective in brain tissue and shows great promise for treating complex neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Tuma
- The Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, TX 78229, USA
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 75, 323 00 Plzen, Czech Republic
| | - Yu-Ju Chen
- The Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, TX 78229, USA
| | - Michael G. Collins
- The Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, TX 78229, USA
| | - Abhik Paul
- The Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, TX 78229, USA
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, California, CA 94720, USA
- The Innovative Genomics Institute, 2151 Berkeley Way, Berkeley, California, CA 94704, USA
| | - Hesong Han
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, California, CA 94720, USA
- The Innovative Genomics Institute, 2151 Berkeley Way, Berkeley, California, CA 94704, USA
| | - Rohit Sharma
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, California, CA 94720, USA
- The Innovative Genomics Institute, 2151 Berkeley Way, Berkeley, California, CA 94704, USA
| | - Niren Murthy
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, California, CA 94720, USA
- The Innovative Genomics Institute, 2151 Berkeley Way, Berkeley, California, CA 94704, USA
| | - Hye Young Lee
- The Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, TX 78229, USA
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5
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Umlauf BJ, Frampton G, Cooper A, Greene HF. A novel strategy to increase the therapeutic potency of GBM chemotherapy via altering parenchymal/cerebral spinal fluid clearance rate. J Control Release 2023; 364:195-205. [PMID: 37865172 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
Patients with glioblastoma (GBM) face a poor prognosis with a median survival of less than two years. Escalating the dose of chemotherapy is often impossible due to patient comorbidities; thus, we focused on modulating brain clearance as a mechanism to enhance drug accumulation. Given the recently identified interconnectivity between brain parenchymal fluid and cerebral spinal fluid (CSF), we reasoned enhancing drug concentration in the CSF also increases drug concentration in the parenchyma where a GBM resides. To improve drug accumulation in the CSF, we impair the motility of ependymal cell cilia. We identified FDA-approved therapeutics that interact with cilia as a "side effect." Therapeutics that inhibit airway cilia also inhibit ependymal cilia. Multiple cilia-inhibiting drugs, when administered in combination with GBM chemotherapy temozolomide (TMZ), significantly improved the overall survival of mice bearing orthotopic GBM. Combining TMZ with lidocaine results in 100% of animals surviving tumor-free to the study endpoint. This treatment results in a ~ 40-fold increase in brain TMZ levels and is well-tolerated. Mice bearing MGMT methylated, human PDX orthotopic GBM also responded with 100% of animals surviving tumor-free to the study endpoint. Finally, even mice bearing TMZ-resistant, orthotopic GBM responded to the combination treatment with 40% of animals surviving tumor-free to the study endpoint, implying this strategy can sensitize TMZ-resistant GBM. These studies offer a new concept for treating malignant brain tumors by improving the accumulation of TMZ in the CNS. In the future, this regimen may also improve the treatment of additional encephalopathies treated by brain-penetrating therapeutics. SIGNIFICANCE: We exploit the interconnectivity of parenchymal and cerebral spinal fluid to enhance the amount of temozolomide that accumulates in the central nervous system to improve the survival of mice bearing brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J Umlauf
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, 1601 Trinity St. Bldg B., Austin, USA; Mulva Clinic for the Neurosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, 1601 Trinity St. Bldg A., Austin, USA.
| | - Gabriel Frampton
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, 1601 Trinity St. Bldg B., Austin, USA
| | - Alexis Cooper
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, 1601 Trinity St. Bldg B., Austin, USA
| | - Hannah-Faith Greene
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, 1601 Trinity St. Bldg B., Austin, USA
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6
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Rao D, Kwak G, Wang H, Eberhart CG, Hanes J, Suk JS. Bioreducible Gene Delivery Platform that Promotes Intracellular Payload Release and Widespread Brain Dispersion. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:4567-4572. [PMID: 37523785 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
We here introduce a novel bioreducible polymer-based gene delivery platform enabling widespread transgene expression in multiple brain regions with therapeutic relevance following intracranial convection-enhanced delivery. Our bioreducible nanoparticles provide markedly enhanced gene delivery efficacy in vitro and in vivo compared to nonbiodegradable nanoparticles primarily due to the ability to release gene payloads preferentially inside cells. Remarkably, our platform exhibits competitive gene delivery efficacy in a neuron-rich brain region compared to a viral vector under previous and current clinical investigations with demonstrated positive outcomes. Thus, our platform may serve as an attractive alternative for the intracranial gene therapy of neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Rao
- Center for Nanomedicine at Wilmer Eye Institute, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Gijung Kwak
- Center for Nanomedicine at Wilmer Eye Institute, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, United States
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, United States
| | - Heng Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Charles G Eberhart
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, United States
- Department of Neuropathology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, United States
| | - Justin Hanes
- Center for Nanomedicine at Wilmer Eye Institute, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, United States
| | - Jung Soo Suk
- Center for Nanomedicine at Wilmer Eye Institute, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, United States
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7
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Gong Y, Chen A, Zhang G, Shen Q, Zou L, Li J, Miao YB, Liu W. Cracking Brain Diseases from Gut Microbes-Mediated Metabolites for Precise Treatment. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:2974-2998. [PMID: 37416776 PMCID: PMC10321288 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.85259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut-brain axis has been a subject of significant interest in recent years. Understanding the link between the gut and brain axis is crucial for the treatment of disorders. Here, the intricate components and unique relationship between gut microbiota-derived metabolites and the brain are explained in detail. Additionally, the association between gut microbiota-derived metabolites and the integrity of the blood-brain barrier and brain health is emphasized. Meanwhile, gut microbiota-derived metabolites with their recent applications, challenges and opportunities their pathways on different disease treatment are focus discussed. The prospective strategy of gut microbiota-derived metabolites potential applies to the brain disease treatments, such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease, is proposed. This review provides a broad perspective on gut microbiota-derived metabolites characteristics facilitate understand the connection between gut and brain and pave the way for the development of a new medication delivery system for gut microbiota-derived metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Gong
- Department of Haematology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, West Section 2, First Ring Road, Qingyang District, Chengdu 610000, China
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Anmei Chen
- Department of Haematology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, West Section 2, First Ring Road, Qingyang District, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Guohui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of reproductive medicine, Sichuan Provincial maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Qing Shen
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Liang Zou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiahong Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yang-Bao Miao
- Department of Haematology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, West Section 2, First Ring Road, Qingyang District, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Weixin Liu
- Key Laboratory of reproductive medicine, Sichuan Provincial maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Chengdu 610000, China
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8
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Yang W, Mixich L, Boonstra E, Cabral H. Polymer-Based mRNA Delivery Strategies for Advanced Therapies. Adv Healthc Mater 2023:e2202688. [PMID: 36785927 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202202688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Messenger RNA (mRNA)-based therapies offer great promise for the treatment of a variety of diseases. In 2020, two FDA approvals of mRNA-based vaccines have elevated mRNA vaccines to global recognition. However, the therapeutic capabilities of mRNA extend far beyond vaccines against infectious diseases. They hold potential for cancer vaccines, protein replacement therapies, gene editing therapies, and immunotherapies. For realizing such advanced therapies, it is crucial to develop effective carrier systems. Recent advances in materials science have led to the development of promising nonviral mRNA delivery systems. In comparison to other carriers like lipid nanoparticles, polymer-based delivery systems often receive less attention, despite their unique ability to carefully tune their chemical features to promote mRNA protection, their favorable pharmacokinetics, and their potential for targeting delivery. In this review, the central features of polymer-based systems for mRNA delivery highlighting the molecular design criteria, stability, and biodistribution are discussed. Finally, the role of targeting ligands for the future of RNA therapies is analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqian Yang
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Lucas Mixich
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Eger Boonstra
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Horacio Cabral
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
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9
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Hou J, Li N, Zhang W, Zhang W. Exploring the impact of PEGylation on the cell-nanomicelle interactions by AFM-based single-molecule force spectroscopy and force tracing. Acta Biomater 2023; 157:310-320. [PMID: 36535567 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PEGylation has been considered the gold standard method for the modification of various drug delivery systems since the last century. However, the impact of PEGylation on the dynamic interaction between drug carriers and cell membranes has not been quantitatively clarified. Herein, the cellular binding and receptor-mediated endocytosis of a model PEGylated polypeptide nanomicelle were systematically investigated at the single-particle level using AFM-based single-molecule force spectroscopy (SMFS) and force tracing. A self-assembled elastin-like polypeptide (ELP) nanomicelle, which is capable of cross-linking, gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) modification, and PEGylation was prepared. The cross-linked ELP-based nanomicelles exhibited outstanding stability in a broad temperature range of 4-40 °C, which facilitate the drug loading, as well as our cell-nanomicelle study at the single particle level. The unbinding force between the cross-linked ELP-based nanomicelles and the GRP receptor (GRPR)-containing cell (PC-3) membranes was quantitatively measured by AFM-SMFS. It is found that the PEGylated GRP-displaying nanomicelles exhibit the highest unbinding force, indicating the enhanced specific binding effect of PEGylation. Furthermore, the receptor-mediated endocytosis of the cross-linked ELP-based nanomicelles was monitored with the help of force tracing based on AFM-SMFS. Our results show that PEGylation decreases the endocytic force, duration, and engulfment depth of the PEGylated GRP-displaying nanomicelles, but increases their endocytic velocity, which results from the elimination of non-specific interactions during endocytosis. These observations demonstrate the diverse and complex roles of PEGylation on the interaction of polypeptide nanomicelles to cell membranes and may shed light on the rational design of organic polymer-based drug delivery systems aiming for active and passive targeting strategies. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: A self-assembled elastin-like polypeptide (ELP) nanomicelle, which can be easily cross-linked, gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) modified, and PEGylated, is designed. The AFM-SMFS experiment shows that PEGylation can enhance specific binding of the nanomicelles to the receptors on cell membranes. The force tracing experiment indicates that PEGylation decreases the endocytic force as well as engulfment depth of the nanomicelles through the elimination of non-specific interactions. PEGylation can benefit the drug delivery systems aiming at active targeting, while might not be an ideal modification for drug carriers designed for passive targeting, whose cellular uptake mainly depends on non-specific interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jue Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Center for Supramolecular Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, PR China
| | - Nan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Center for Supramolecular Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, PR China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Center for Supramolecular Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, PR China; College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China.
| | - Wenke Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Center for Supramolecular Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, PR China.
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10
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Jo S, Sun IC, Ahn CH, Lee S, Kim K. Recent Trend of Ultrasound-Mediated Nanoparticle Delivery for Brain Imaging and Treatment. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:120-137. [PMID: 35184560 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c22803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In view of the fact that the blood-brain barrier (BBB) prevents the transport of imaging probes and therapeutic agents to the brain and thus hinders the diagnosis and treatment of brain-related disorders, methods of circumventing this problem (e.g., ultrasound-mediated nanoparticle delivery) have drawn much attention. Among the related techniques, focused ultrasound (FUS) is a favorite means of enhancing drug delivery via transient BBB opening. Photoacoustic brain imaging relies on the conversion of light into heat and the detection of ultrasound signals from contrast agents, offering the benefits of high resolution and large penetration depth. The extensive versatility and adjustable physicochemical properties of nanoparticles make them promising therapeutic agents and imaging probes, allowing for successful brain imaging and treatment through the combined action of ultrasound and nanoparticulate agents. FUS-induced BBB opening enables nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems to efficiently access the brain. Moreover, photoacoustic brain imaging using nanoparticle-based contrast agents effectively visualizes brain morphologies or diseases. Herein, we review the progress in the simultaneous use of nanoparticles and ultrasound in brain research, revealing the potential of ultrasound-mediated nanoparticle delivery for the effective diagnosis and treatment of brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- SeongHoon Jo
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5, Hwarang-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul08826, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Cheol Sun
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5, Hwarang-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol-Hee Ahn
- Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangmin Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul02447, Korea
| | - Kwangmeyung Kim
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5, Hwarang-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
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11
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Liu R, Xu Y, Qu S, Dai Z. Major Strategies for Spatial Control of Ultrasound-Driven Gene Expression to Enhance Therapeutic Specificity. Crit Rev Biomed Eng 2023; 51:29-40. [PMID: 37522539 DOI: 10.1615/critrevbiomedeng.2023047680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
A major challenge of gene therapy is to achieve highly specific transgene expression in tissues of interest with minimized off-target expression. Ultrasound in combination with microbubbles can transiently increase permeability of desired cells or tissues and thereby facilitate gene transfer. This kind of ultrasound-driven transgene expression has gained increasing attention due to its deep tissue penetration and high spatiotemporal resolution. However, successful genetic manipulation in vivo with ultrasound need to well optimize various aspects involved in this process. Ultrasound parameters, microbubble dose, and gene vectors need to be optimized for highly increased transgene expression in the cells of interest. Conversely, the potential off-target transgene expression and toxicities need to be reduced by modification of gene vectors and/or promoter sequence. This review will discuss some major strategies for enhanced specificity of the ultrasound-mediated gene transfer in vivo. Five major strategies will be discussed, including the integration of real-time imaging methods, local injection, targeted microbubbles loaded with nucleic acids, stealth nanocarriers, and cell-specific promoter. The advantages and limitations of each strategy were outlined, hoping to provide a guideline for researchers in achieving high specific ultrasound-driven gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renfa Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking University, China
| | - Yunxue Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking University, China
| | - Shuai Qu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking University, China
| | - Zhifei Dai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking University, China
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12
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Annu, Rehman S, Nabi B, Sartaj A, Md S, Sahoo PK, Baboota S, Ali J. Nanoparticle Mediated Gene Therapy: A Trailblazer Armament to Fight CNS Disorders. Curr Med Chem 2023; 30:304-315. [PMID: 34986767 DOI: 10.2174/0929867329666220105122318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) disorders account for boundless socioeconomic burdens with devastating effects among the population, especially the elderly. The major symptoms of these disorders are neurodegeneration, neuroinflammation, and cognitive dysfunction caused by inherited genetic mutations or by genetic and epigenetic changes due to injury, environmental factors, and disease-related events. Currently available clinical treatments for CNS diseases, i.e., Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, stroke, and brain tumor, have significant side effects and are largely unable to halt the clinical progression. So gene therapy displays a new paradigm in the treatment of these disorders with some modalities, varying from the suppression of endogenous genes to the expression of exogenous genes. Both viral and non-viral vectors are commonly used for gene therapy. Viral vectors are quite effective but associated with severe side effects, like immunogenicity and carcinogenicity, and poor target cell specificity. Thus, non-viral vectors, mainly nanotherapeutics like nanoparticles (NPs), turn out to be a realistic approach in gene therapy, achieving higher efficacy. NPs demonstrate a new avenue in pharmacotherapy for the delivery of drugs or genes to their selective cells or tissue, thus providing concentrated and constant drug delivery to targeted tissues, minimizing systemic toxicity and side effects. The current review will emphasize the role of NPs in mediating gene therapy for CNS disorders treatment. Moreover, the challenges and perspectives of NPs in gene therapy will be summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Saleha Rehman
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Bushra Nabi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Ali Sartaj
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Shadab Md
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - P K Sahoo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, New Delhi-110017, India
| | - Sanjula Baboota
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Javed Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-110062, India
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13
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Josowitz AD, Bindra RS, Saltzman WM. Polymer nanocarriers for targeted local delivery of agents in treating brain tumors. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 34:10.1088/1361-6528/ac9683. [PMID: 36179653 PMCID: PMC9940943 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac9683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM), the deadliest brain cancer, presents a multitude of challenges to the development of new therapies. The standard of care has only changed marginally in the past 17 years, and few new chemotherapies have emerged to supplant or effectively combine with temozolomide. Concurrently, new technologies and techniques are being investigated to overcome the pharmacokinetic challenges associated with brain delivery, such as the blood brain barrier (BBB), tissue penetration, diffusion, and clearance in order to allow for potent agents to successful engage in tumor killing. Alternative delivery modalities such as focused ultrasound and convection enhanced delivery allow for the local disruption of the BBB, and the latter in particular has shown promise in achieving broad distribution of agents in the brain. Furthermore, the development of polymeric nanocarriers to encapsulate a variety of cargo, including small molecules, proteins, and nucleic acids, have allowed for formulations that protect and control the release of said cargo to extend its half-life. The combination of local delivery and nanocarriers presents an exciting opportunity to address the limitations of current chemotherapies for GBM toward the goal of improving safety and efficacy of treatment. However, much work remains to establish standard criteria for selection and implementation of these modalities before they can be widely implemented in the clinic. Ultimately, engineering principles and nanotechnology have opened the door to a new wave of research that may soon advance the stagnant state of GBM treatment development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander D Josowitz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Ranjit S Bindra
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, United States of America
| | - W Mark Saltzman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America
- Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America
- Department of Dermatology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America
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14
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Li Q, Deng Y, Liu X. Delivering Multifunctional Peptide-Conjugated Gene Carrier/miRNA-218 Complexes from Monodisperse Microspheres for Bone Regeneration. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:42904-42914. [PMID: 36102571 PMCID: PMC10016386 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c10728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a pivotal role in regulating gene expression and are considered new molecular targets in bone tissue engineering. However, effective delivery of miRNAs to the defect areas and transfection of the miRNAs into osteogenic progenitor cells has been an obstacle in the application. In this work, miRNA-218 (miR-218) was used as an osteogenic miRNA regulator, and a multifunctional peptide-conjugated gene carrier poly(lactide-co-glycolide)-g-polyethylenimine-b-polyethylene glycol-R9-G4-IKVAVW (PPP-RGI) was developed to condense with miR-218 to form PPP-RGI/miR-218 complexes that were further encapsulated into monodisperse injectable microspheres for enhanced bone regeneration. The PPP-RGI was synthesized via conjugating R9-G4-IKVAVW (RGI), a multifunctional peptide, onto poly(lactide-co-glycolide)-g-polyethylenimine-b-polyethylene glycol (PPP). A microfluidic and synchronous photo-cross-linking process was further developed to encapsulate the PPP-RGI/miR-218 complexes into monodisperse gelatin methacryloyl microspheres. The monodisperse microspheres controlled the delivery of PPP-RGI/miR-218 to the designated defect site, and PPP-RGI facilitated the transfection of miR-218 into osteogenic progenitor cells. An in vivo calvarial defect model showed that the PPP-RGI/miR-218-loaded microspheres significantly enhanced bone tissue regeneration. This work provides a novel approach to effectively deliver miRNA and transfect targeting cells in vivo for advanced regenerative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University School of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas 75246, United States
| | - Yuejia Deng
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University School of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas 75246, United States
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University School of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas 75246, United States
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15
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Pandey N, Anastasiadis P, Carney CP, Kanvinde PP, Woodworth GF, Winkles JA, Kim AJ. Nanotherapeutic treatment of the invasive glioblastoma tumor microenvironment. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 188:114415. [PMID: 35787387 PMCID: PMC10947564 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant adult brain cancer with no curative treatment strategy. A significant hurdle in GBM treatment is effective therapeutic delivery to the brain-invading tumor cells that remain following surgery within functioning brain regions. Developing therapies that can either directly target these brain-invading tumor cells or act on other cell types and molecular processes supporting tumor cell invasion and recurrence are essential steps in advancing new treatments in the clinic. This review highlights some of the drug delivery strategies and nanotherapeutic technologies that are designed to target brain-invading GBM cells or non-neoplastic, invasion-supporting cells residing within the GBM tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Pandey
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States; Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States
| | - Pavlos Anastasiadis
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States; Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States
| | - Christine P Carney
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States; Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States
| | - Pranjali P Kanvinde
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States; Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States
| | - Graeme F Woodworth
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States; Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States; Fischell Department of Bioengineering, A. James Clarke School of Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, United States
| | - Jeffrey A Winkles
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States; Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States; Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States; Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States.
| | - Anthony J Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States; Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States; Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States; Fischell Department of Bioengineering, A. James Clarke School of Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, United States.
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16
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Kimura R, Nirasawa K, Negishi Y, Asayama S. Tunable Gene Expression in Skeletal Muscles by the Molecular Weight of PEG Chain Length of Plasmid DNA Mono-Ion Complexes. CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.220242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Riku Kimura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Kei Nirasawa
- Department of Drug Delivery and Molecular Biopharmaceutics, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Yoichi Negishi
- Department of Drug Delivery and Molecular Biopharmaceutics, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Asayama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
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17
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Tasset A, Bellamkonda A, Wang W, Pyatnitskiy I, Ward D, Peppas N, Wang H. Overcoming barriers in non-viral gene delivery for neurological applications. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:3698-3719. [PMID: 35195645 PMCID: PMC9036591 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr06939j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Gene therapy for neurological disorders has attracted significant interest as a way to reverse or stop various disease pathologies. Typical gene therapies involving the central and peripheral nervous system make use of adeno-associated viral vectors whose questionable safety and limitations in manufacturing has given rise to extensive research into non-viral vectors. While early research studies have demonstrated limited efficacy with these non-viral vectors, investigation into various vector materials and functionalization methods has provided insight into ways to optimize these non-viral vectors to improve desired characteristics such as improved blood-brain barrier transcytosis, improved perfusion in brain region, enhanced cellular uptake and endosomal escape in neural cells, and nuclear transport of genetic material post- intracellular delivery. Using a combination of various strategies to enhance non-viral vectors, research groups have designed multi-functional vectors that have been successfully used in a variety of pre-clinical applications for the treatment of Parkinson's disease, brain cancers, and cellular reprogramming for neuron replacement. While more work is needed in the design of these multi-functional non-viral vectors for neural applications, much of the groundwork has been done and is reviewed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Tasset
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
| | - Arjun Bellamkonda
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
| | - Wenliang Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
| | - Ilya Pyatnitskiy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
| | - Deidra Ward
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
| | - Nicholas Peppas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- Department of Surgery and Perioperative Care, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Huiliang Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
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18
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Li Q, Hu Z, Rong X, Chang B, Liu X. Multifunctional polyplex micelles for efficient microRNA delivery and accelerated osteogenesis. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:12198-12211. [PMID: 34231613 PMCID: PMC10041663 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr02638k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging as a novel class of molecular targets and therapeutics to control gene expression for tissue repair and regeneration. However, a safe and effective transfection of miRNAs to cells has been a major barrier to their applications. In this work, a multifunctional polyplex micelle named PPP-RGI was developed as a non-viral gene vector for the efficient transfection of miR-218 (an osteogenic miRNA regulator) to bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) for accelerated osteogenic differentiation. PPP-RGI was designed and synthesized via conjugation of a multifunctional R9-G4-IKVAVW (RGI) peptide onto an amphiphilic poly(lactide-co-glycolide)-g-polyethylenimine-b-polyethylene glycol (PPP) copolymer. PPP-RGI self-assembled into polyplex micelles and strongly condensed miR-218 to prevent its RNase degradation. When the PPP-RGI/miR-218 complex was brought into contact with BMSCs, it exhibited high internalization efficiency and a fast escape from endo/lysosomes of the BMSCs. Subsequently, miR-218 released from the PPP-RGI/miR-218 complex regulated gene expressions and significantly enhanced the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. The multifunctional peptide conjugated nanocarrier serves as an effective miRNA delivery vector to promote osteogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX 75246, USA.
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19
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Non-adhesive and highly stable biodegradable nanoparticles that provide widespread and safe transgene expression in orthotopic brain tumors. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2021; 10:572-581. [PMID: 32323162 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-020-00759-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Several generations of poly(β-amino ester) (PBAE) polymers have been developed for efficient cellular transfection. However, PBAE-based gene vectors, similar to other cationic materials, cannot readily provide widespread gene transfer in the brain due to adhesive interactions with the extracellular matrix (ECM). We thus engineered eight vector candidates using previously identified lead PBAE polymer variants but endowed them with non-adhesive surface coatings to facilitate their spread through brain ECM. Specifically, we screened for the ability to provide widespread gene transfer in tumor spheroids and healthy mouse brains. We then confirmed that a lead formulation provided widespread transgene expression in orthotopically established brain tumor models with an excellent in vivo safety profile. Lastly, we developed a method to store it long-term while fully retaining its brain-penetrating property. This new platform provides a broad utility in evaluating novel genetic targets for gene therapy of brain tumors and neurological disorders in preclinical and clinical settings. Graphical abstract We engineered biodegradable DNA-loaded brain-penetrating nanoparticles (DNA-BPN) possessing small particle diameters (< 70 nm) and non-adhesive surface coatings to facilitate their spread through brain tumor extracellular matrix (ECM). These DNA-BPN provide widespread gene transfer in models recapitulating the ECM barrier, including three-dimensional multicellular tumor spheroids and mice with orthotopically established brain tumor.
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20
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Nicolle L, Casper J, Willimann M, Journot CMA, Detampel P, Einfalt T, Grisch-Chan HM, Thöny B, Gerber-Lemaire S, Huwyler J. Development of Covalent Chitosan-Polyethylenimine Derivatives as Gene Delivery Vehicle: Synthesis, Characterization, and Evaluation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22083828. [PMID: 33917124 PMCID: PMC8067803 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22083828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an increasing interest in cationic polymers as important constituents of non-viral gene delivery vectors. In the present study, we developed a versatile synthetic route for the production of covalent polymeric conjugates consisting of water-soluble depolymerized chitosan (dCS; MW 6–9 kDa) and low molecular weight polyethylenimine (PEI; 2.5 kDa linear, 1.8 kDa branched). dCS-PEI derivatives were evaluated based on their physicochemical properties, including purity, covalent bonding, solubility in aqueous media, ability for DNA condensation, and colloidal stability of the resulting polyplexes. They were complexed with non-integrating DNA vectors coding for reporter genes by simple admixing and assessed in vitro using liver-derived HuH-7 cells for their transfection efficiency and cytotoxicity. Using a rational screening cascade, a lead compound was selected (dCS-Suc-LPEI-14) displaying the best balance of biocompatibility, cytotoxicity, and transfection efficiency. Scale-up and in vivo evaluation in wild-type mice allowed for a direct comparison with a commercially available non-viral delivery vector (in vivo-jetPEI). Hepatic expression of the reporter gene luciferase resulted in liver-specific bioluminescence, upon intrabiliary infusion of the chitosan-based polyplexes, which exceeded the signal of the in vivo jetPEI reference formulation by a factor of 10. We conclude that the novel chitosan-derivative dCS-Suc-LPEI-14 shows promise and potential as an efficient polymeric conjugate for non-viral in vivo gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Nicolle
- Group for Functionalized Biomaterials, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC SCI-SB-SG, Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (L.N.); (C.M.A.J.)
| | - Jens Casper
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50/70, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland; (J.C.); (P.D.); (T.E.)
| | - Melanie Willimann
- Division of Metabolism and Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital Zürich, CH-8032 Zürich, Switzerland; (M.W.); (H.M.G.-C.); (B.T.)
| | - Céline M. A. Journot
- Group for Functionalized Biomaterials, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC SCI-SB-SG, Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (L.N.); (C.M.A.J.)
| | - Pascal Detampel
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50/70, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland; (J.C.); (P.D.); (T.E.)
| | - Tomaž Einfalt
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50/70, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland; (J.C.); (P.D.); (T.E.)
| | - Hiu Man Grisch-Chan
- Division of Metabolism and Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital Zürich, CH-8032 Zürich, Switzerland; (M.W.); (H.M.G.-C.); (B.T.)
| | - Beat Thöny
- Division of Metabolism and Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital Zürich, CH-8032 Zürich, Switzerland; (M.W.); (H.M.G.-C.); (B.T.)
| | - Sandrine Gerber-Lemaire
- Group for Functionalized Biomaterials, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC SCI-SB-SG, Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (L.N.); (C.M.A.J.)
- Correspondence: (S.G.-L.); (J.H.); Tel.: +41-21-693-93-72 (S.G.-L.); +41-61-207-15-13 (J.H.)
| | - Jörg Huwyler
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50/70, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland; (J.C.); (P.D.); (T.E.)
- Correspondence: (S.G.-L.); (J.H.); Tel.: +41-21-693-93-72 (S.G.-L.); +41-61-207-15-13 (J.H.)
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21
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Grun MK, Suberi A, Shin K, Lee T, Gomerdinger V, Moscato ZM, Piotrowski-Daspit AS, Saltzman WM. PEGylation of poly(amine-co-ester) polyplexes for tunable gene delivery. Biomaterials 2021; 272:120780. [PMID: 33813260 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
There is growing interest in PEGylation of cationic polymeric vehicles for gene delivery in order to improve vehicle stability and reduce toxicity, but little is known about the effects of PEG coatings on transfection. We used a polymer from the poly(amine-co-ester) (PACE) family blended with PEG-conjugated PACE at different ratios in order to explore the effects of polyplex PEGylation on the transfection efficiency of plasmid DNA, mRNA, and siRNA in vitro and mRNA in vivo. We discovered that concentrations of PACE-PEG as low as 0.25% by weight improved polyplex stability but also inhibited transfection in vitro. In vivo, the effect of PACE-PEG incorporation on mRNA transfection varied by delivery route; the addition of PACE-PEG improved local delivery to the lung, but PEGylation had little effect on intravenous systemic delivery. By both delivery routes, transfection was inhibited at concentrations higher than 5 wt% PACE-PEG. These results demonstrate that excess PEGylation can be detrimental to vehicle function, and suggest that PEGylation of cationic vehicles must be optimized by PEG content, cargo type, and delivery route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly K Grun
- Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Alexandra Suberi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Kwangsoo Shin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Teresa Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Victoria Gomerdinger
- Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Zoe M Moscato
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | | | - W Mark Saltzman
- Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA; Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA; Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
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22
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Samaridou E, Kalamidas N, Santalices I, Crecente-Campo J, Alonso MJ. Tuning the PEG surface density of the PEG-PGA enveloped Octaarginine-peptide Nanocomplexes. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2020; 10:241-258. [PMID: 31646443 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-019-00678-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
One of the main limitations of protein drugs is their restricted capacity to cross biological barriers. We have previously reported nanostructured complexes of insulin and modified octaarginine (C12-r8), enveloped by a polyethyleneglycol-polyglutamic acid (PEG-PGA) protective shell, and showed their capacity to overcome different barriers associated to the oral modality of administration. The objective of this work was to produce the said nanocomplexes with structurally diverse PEG-PGA shells, i.e. with different chain lengths and PEG substitution degrees, and comparatively analyze their PEG surface density and subsequent impact on their interaction with mucus glycoproteins and Caco-2 cells. The new PEG-PGA enveloped C12-r8-insulin nanocomplexes (ENCPs) exhibited a narrow size distribution (average size of 210-239 nm), a neutral surface charge and a 100% insulin association efficiency (final insulin loading of 16.5-29.6% w/w). Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) analysis indicated the possibility to modulate the PEG density on the ENCPs from 6.7 to 44.5 PEG chains per 100 nm2. This increase in the ENCPs PEG surface density resulted in their reduced interaction with mucins in vitro, while their interaction with Caco-2 cells in vitro remained unaltered. Overall, these data indicate the capacity to tune the surface characteristics of the ENCPS in order to maximize the capacity of these nanocarriers to overcome barriers associated to mucosal surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Samaridou
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), IDIS research Institute, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Nikolaos Kalamidas
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), IDIS research Institute, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Irene Santalices
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), IDIS research Institute, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José Crecente-Campo
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), IDIS research Institute, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Maria José Alonso
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain. .,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), IDIS research Institute, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain. .,Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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Designing peptide nanoparticles for efficient brain delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 160:52-77. [PMID: 33031897 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The targeted delivery of therapeutic compounds to the brain is arguably the most significant open problem in drug delivery today. Nanoparticles (NPs) based on peptides and designed using the emerging principles of molecular engineering show enormous promise in overcoming many of the barriers to brain delivery faced by NPs made of more traditional materials. However, shortcomings in our understanding of peptide self-assembly and blood-brain barrier (BBB) transport mechanisms pose significant obstacles to progress in this area. In this review, we discuss recent work in engineering peptide nanocarriers for the delivery of therapeutic compounds to the brain: from synthesis, to self-assembly, to in vivo studies, as well as discussing in detail the biological hurdles that a nanoparticle must overcome to reach the brain.
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Rehman S, Nabi B, Pottoo FH, Baboota S, Ali J. Nanoparticle Based Gene Therapy Approach: A Pioneering Rebellion in the Management of Psychiatric Disorders. Curr Gene Ther 2020; 20:164-173. [PMID: 32515310 DOI: 10.2174/1566523220666200607185903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The neuropsychiatric illnesses have been enigmatic, with no effective treatment to date. The complexity and heterogeneity of psychiatric disorders are daunting for the development of novel treatment modalities. The conventional treatment approaches are less effective and are associated with several side effects, thus creating the need for the development of more innovative strategies. Since psychiatric disorders are known to exhibit genetic linkage, gene therapy has created an interest among the researchers worldwide. The delivery of nucleic acids is a complex process requiring the transport of genetic material across various intracellular and extracellular barriers to reach the target cells eliciting the transfection process. Therefore, the identification or development of the delivery system for nucleic acid delivery still remains the challenge. Viral vectors are quite effective but are associated with toxicity and side effects. With the rapid advancement in the field of nanotechnology, nanosized materials were identified to be the perfect candidate for nonviral vectors in gene delivery. The biggest advantage of nanoparticles is that their surface can be engineered in many possible ways to deliver the drugs directly to the target site. Although gene therapy has already been established as an innovative treatment modality for several neurological diseases, its use in psychiatry still warrants more investigations for its translation into clinical use. The present manuscript discusses the prospects of gene therapy in psychiatric disorders, their benefits, and pitfalls. The review embarks upon the importance of nanoparticle-based gene therapy for effective management of psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleha Rehman
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi- 110062, India
| | - Bushra Nabi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi- 110062, India
| | - Faheem Hyder Pottoo
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O.BOX 1982, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sanjula Baboota
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi- 110062, India
| | - Javed Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi- 110062, India
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Proulx J, Joshi C, Vijayaraghavalu S, Saraswathy M, Labhasetwar V, Ghorpade A, Borgmann K. Arginine-Modified Polymers Facilitate Poly (Lactide-Co-Glycolide)-Based Nanoparticle Gene Delivery to Primary Human Astrocytes. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:3639-3647. [PMID: 32547019 PMCID: PMC7250304 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s250865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Astrocyte dysfunction is a hallmark of central nervous system injury or infection. As a primary contributor to neurodegeneration, astrocytes are an ideal therapeutic target to combat neurodegenerative conditions. Gene therapy has arisen as an innovative technique that provides excellent prospect for disease intervention. Poly (lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and polyethylenimine (PEI) are polymeric nanoparticles commonly used in gene delivery, each manifesting their own set of advantages and disadvantages. As a clinically approved polymer by the Federal Drug Administration, well characterized for its biodegradability and biocompatibility, PLGA-based nanoparticles (PLGA-NPs) are appealing for translational gene delivery systems. However, our investigations revealed PLGA-NPs were ineffective at facilitating exogenous gene expression in primary human astrocytes, despite their success in other cell lines. Furthermore, PEI polymers illustrate high delivery efficiency but induce cytotoxicity. The purpose of this study is to develop viable and biocompatible NPsystem for astrocyte-targeted gene therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Successful gene expression by PLGA-NPs alone or in combination with arginine-modified PEI polymers (AnPn) was assessed by a luciferase reporter gene encapsulated in PLGA-NPs. Cytoplasmic release and nuclear localization of DNA were investigated using fluorescent confocal imaging with YOYO-labeled plasmid DNA (pDNA). NP-mediated cytotoxicity was assessed via lactate dehydrogenase in primary human astrocytes and neurons. RESULTS Confocal imaging of YOYO-labeled pDNA confirmed PLGA-NPs delivered pDNA to the cytoplasm in a dose and time-dependent manner. However, co-staining revealed pDNA delivered by PLGA-NPs did not localize to the nucleus. The addition of AnPn significantly improved nuclear localization of pDNA and successfully achieved gene expression in primary human astrocytes. Moreover, these formulations were biocompatible with both astrocytes and neurons. CONCLUSION By co-transfecting two polymeric NPs, we developed an improved system for gene delivery and expression in primary human astrocytes. These findings provide a basis for a biocompatible and clinically translatable method to regulate astrocyte function during neurodegenerative diseases and disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Proulx
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Chaitanya Joshi
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Sivakumar Vijayaraghavalu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Manju Saraswathy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Vinod Labhasetwar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Anuja Ghorpade
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Kathleen Borgmann
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA,Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX76107, USA,Correspondence: Kathleen Borgmann Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd, Fort Worth, TX76107, USATel +1 817 735-0339Fax +1 817 735-2610 Email
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Kim J, Mondal SK, Tzeng SY, Rui Y, Al-kharboosh R, Kozielski KK, Bhargav AG, Garcia CA, Quiñones-Hinojosa A, Green JJ. Poly(ethylene glycol)-Poly(beta-amino ester)-Based Nanoparticles for Suicide Gene Therapy Enhance Brain Penetration and Extend Survival in a Preclinical Human Glioblastoma Orthotopic Xenograft Model. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:2943-2955. [PMID: 33463272 PMCID: PMC8035708 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most devastating brain cancer, and cures remain elusive with currently available neurosurgical, pharmacological, and radiation approaches. While retrovirus- and adenovirus-mediated suicide gene therapy using DNA encoding herpes simplex virus-thymidine kinase (HSV-tk) and prodrug ganciclovir has been suggested as a promising strategy, a nonviral approach for treatment in an orthotopic human primary brain tumor model has not previously been demonstrated. Delivery challenges include nanoparticle penetration through brain tumors, efficient cancer cell uptake, endosomal escape to the cytosol, and biodegradability. To meet these challenges, we synthesized poly(ethylene glycol)-modified poly(beta-amino ester) (PEG-PBAE) polymers to improve extracellular delivery and coencapsulated plasmid DNA with end-modified poly(beta-amino ester) (ePBAE) polymers to improve intracellular delivery as well. We created and evaluated a library of PEG-PBAE/ePBAE nanoparticles (NPs) for effective gene therapy against two independent primary human stem-like brain tumor initiating cells, a putative target to prevent GBM recurrence. The optimally engineered PEG-PBAE/ePBAE NP formulation demonstrated 54 and 82% transfection efficacies in GBM1A and BTIC375 cells respectively, in comparison to 37 and 66% for optimized PBAE NPs without PEG. The leading PEG-PBAE NP formulation also maintained sub-250 nm particle size up to 5 h, while PBAE NPs without PEG showed aggregation over time to micrometer-sized complexes. The comparative advantage demonstrated in vitro successfully translated into improved in vivo diffusion, with a higher amount of PEG-PBAE NPs penetrating to a distance of 2 mm from the injection site. A significant increase in median survival from 53.5 to 67 days by PEG-PBAE/pHSV-tk NP and systemic ganciclovir treatment compared to a control group in orthotopic murine model of human glioblastoma demonstrates the potential of PEG-PBAE-based NPs as an effective gene therapy platform for the treatment of human brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayoung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231
| | - Sujan K. Mondal
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224
| | - Stephany Y. Tzeng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231
| | - Yuan Rui
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231
| | | | - Kristen K. Kozielski
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231
- Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Heisenbergstr. 3, Stuttgart, 70569, Germany
| | - Adip G. Bhargav
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224
- Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Cesar A. Garcia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224
| | | | - Jordan J. Green
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD 21231
- Department of Oncology, the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer, and the Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231
- Department of Ophthalmology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231
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Curley CT, Mead BP, Negron K, Kim N, Garrison WJ, Miller GW, Kingsmore KM, Thim EA, Song J, Munson JM, Klibanov AL, Suk JS, Hanes J, Price RJ. Augmentation of brain tumor interstitial flow via focused ultrasound promotes brain-penetrating nanoparticle dispersion and transfection. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaay1344. [PMID: 32494662 PMCID: PMC7195188 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aay1344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The delivery of systemically administered gene therapies to brain tumors is exceptionally difficult because of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and blood-tumor barrier (BTB). In addition, the adhesive and nanoporous tumor extracellular matrix hinders therapeutic dispersion. We first developed the use of magnetic resonance image (MRI)-guided focused ultrasound (FUS) and microbubbles as a platform approach for transfecting brain tumors by targeting the delivery of systemically administered "brain-penetrating" nanoparticle (BPN) gene vectors across the BTB/BBB. Next, using an MRI-based transport analysis, we determined that after FUS-mediated BTB/BBB opening, mean interstitial flow velocity magnitude doubled, with "per voxel" flow directions changing by an average of ~70° to 80°. Last, we observed that FUS-mediated BTB/BBB opening increased the dispersion of directly injected BPNs through tumor tissue by >100%. We conclude that FUS-mediated BTB/BBB opening yields markedly augmented interstitial tumor flow that, in turn, plays a critical role in enhancing BPN transport through tumor tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen T. Curley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Brian P. Mead
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Karina Negron
- Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Namho Kim
- Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - William J. Garrison
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - G. Wilson Miller
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Kathryn M. Kingsmore
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - E. Andrew Thim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Ji Song
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Jennifer M. Munson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
| | - Alexander L. Klibanov
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Jung Soo Suk
- Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Justin Hanes
- Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Richard J. Price
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
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28
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Fowler MJ, Cotter JD, Knight BE, Sevick-Muraca EM, Sandberg DI, Sirianni RW. Intrathecal drug delivery in the era of nanomedicine. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 165-166:77-95. [PMID: 32142739 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Administration of substances directly into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) that surrounds the brain and spinal cord is one approach that can circumvent the blood-brain barrier to enable drug delivery to the central nervous system (CNS). However, molecules that have been administered by intrathecal injection, which includes intraventricular, intracisternal, or lumbar locations, encounter new barriers within the subarachnoid space. These barriers include relatively high rates of turnover as CSF clears and potentially inadequate delivery to tissue or cellular targets. Nanomedicine could offer a solution. In contrast to the fate of freely administered drugs, nanomedicine systems can navigate the subarachnoid space to sustain delivery of therapeutic molecules, genes, and imaging agents within the CNS. Some evidence suggests that certain nanomedicine agents can reach the parenchyma following intrathecal administration. Here, we will address the preclinical and clinical use of intrathecal nanomedicine, including nanoparticles, microparticles, dendrimers, micelles, liposomes, polyplexes, and other colloidalal materials that function to alter the distribution of molecules in tissue. Our review forms a foundational understanding of drug delivery to the CSF that can be built upon to better engineer nanomedicine for intrathecal treatment of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Fowler
- Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School/University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, United States of America
| | - J D Cotter
- Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School/University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, United States of America
| | - B E Knight
- Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School/University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, United States of America
| | - E M Sevick-Muraca
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, Center for Molecular Imaging, Houston, TX 77030, United States of America
| | - D I Sandberg
- Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School/University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, United States of America; Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School/University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, United States of America; Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, United States of America
| | - R W Sirianni
- Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School/University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, United States of America.
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Mead BP, Curley CT, Kim N, Negron K, Garrison WJ, Song J, Rao D, Miller GW, Mandell JW, Purow BW, Suk JS, Hanes J, Price RJ. Focused Ultrasound Preconditioning for Augmented Nanoparticle Penetration and Efficacy in the Central Nervous System. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1903460. [PMID: 31642183 PMCID: PMC7084172 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201903460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Microbubble activation with focused ultrasound (FUS) facilitates the noninvasive and spatially-targeted delivery of systemically administered therapeutics across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). FUS also augments the penetration of nanoscale therapeutics through brain tissue; however, this secondary effect has not been leveraged. Here, 1 MHz FUS sequences that increase the volume of transfected brain tissue after convection-enhanced delivery of gene-vector "brain-penetrating" nanoparticles were first identified. Next, FUS preconditioning is applied prior to trans-BBB nanoparticle delivery, yielding up to a fivefold increase in subsequent transgene expression. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) analyses of tissue temperature and Ktrans confirm that augmented transfection occurs through modulation of parenchymal tissue with FUS. FUS preconditioning represents a simple and effective strategy for markedly improving the efficacy of gene vector nanoparticles in the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian P Mead
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Colleen T Curley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Namho Kim
- Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Karina Negron
- Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - William J Garrison
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Ji Song
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Divya Rao
- Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - G Wilson Miller
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - James W Mandell
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Benjamin W Purow
- Department of Neurology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Jung Soo Suk
- Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Justin Hanes
- Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Richard J Price
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
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Mazza M, Ahmad H, Hadjidemetriou M, Agliardi G, Pathmanaban ON, King AT, Bigger BW, Vranic S, Kostarelos K. Hampering brain tumor proliferation and migration using peptide nanofiber:si PLK1/ MMP2 complexes. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2019; 14:3127-3142. [PMID: 31855120 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2019-0298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To develop a nonviral tool for the delivery of siRNA to brain tumor cells using peptide nanofibers (PNFs). Materials & methods: Uptake of PNFs was evaluated by confocal microscopy and flow cytometry. Gene silencing was determined by RT-qPCR and cell invasion assay. Results: PNFs enter phagocytic (BV-2) and nonphagocytic (U-87 MG) cells via endocytosis and passive translocation. siPLK1 delivered using PNFs reduced the expression of polo-like kinase 1 mRNA and induced cell death in a panel of immortalized and glioblastoma-derived stem cells. Moreover, targeting MMP2 using PNF:siMMP2 reduced the invasion capacity of U-87 MG cells. We show that stereotactic intra-tumoral administration of PNF:siPLK1 significantly extends the survival of tumor bearing mice comparing with the untreated tumor bearing animals. Conclusion: Our results suggest that this nanomedicine-based RNA interference approach deserves further investigation as a potential brain tumor therapeutic tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariarosa Mazza
- Nanomedicine Lab, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, The University of Manchester, AV Hill Building, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Hassan Ahmad
- Nanomedicine Lab, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, The University of Manchester, AV Hill Building, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Marilena Hadjidemetriou
- Nanomedicine Lab, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, The University of Manchester, AV Hill Building, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Giulia Agliardi
- Nanomedicine Lab, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, The University of Manchester, AV Hill Building, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Omar N Pathmanaban
- Department of Neurosurgery, Salford Royal Hospital, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, M6 8HD, UK
| | - Andrew T King
- Department of Neurosurgery, Salford Royal Hospital, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, M6 8HD, UK
| | - Brian W Bigger
- Stem Cell & Neurotherapies Group, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine & Health, Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Sandra Vranic
- Nanomedicine Lab, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, The University of Manchester, AV Hill Building, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
- National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Booth Street East, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Kostas Kostarelos
- Nanomedicine Lab, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, The University of Manchester, AV Hill Building, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
- National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Booth Street East, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
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Fisher DG, Price RJ. Recent Advances in the Use of Focused Ultrasound for Magnetic Resonance Image-Guided Therapeutic Nanoparticle Delivery to the Central Nervous System. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1348. [PMID: 31798453 PMCID: PMC6864822 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting systemically-administered drugs and genes to specific regions of the central nervous system (CNS) remains a challenge. With applications extending into numerous disorders and cancers, there is an obvious need for approaches that facilitate the delivery of therapeutics across the impervious blood-brain barrier (BBB). Focused ultrasound (FUS) is an emerging treatment method that leverages acoustic energy to oscillate simultaneously administered contrast agent microbubbles. This FUS-mediated technique temporarily disrupts the BBB, allowing ordinarily impenetrable agents to diffuse and/or convect into the CNS. Under magnetic resonance image guidance, FUS and microbubbles enable regional targeting—limiting the large, and potentially toxic, dosage that is often characteristic of systemically-administered therapies. Subsequent to delivery across the BBB, therapeutics face yet another challenge: penetrating the electrostatically-charged, mesh-like brain parenchyma. Non-bioadhesive, encapsulated nanoparticles can help overcome this additional barrier to promote widespread treatment in selected target areas. Furthermore, nanoparticles offer significant advantages over conventional systemically-administered therapeutics. Surface modifications of nanoparticles can be engineered to enhance targeted cellular uptake, and nanoparticle formulations can be tailored to control many pharmacokinetic properties such as rate of drug liberation, distribution, and excretion. For instance, nanoparticles loaded with gene plasmids foster relatively stable transfection, thus obviating the need for multiple, successive treatments. As the formulations and applications of these nanoparticles can vary greatly, this review article provides an overview of FUS coupled with polymeric or lipid-based nanoparticles currently utilized for drug delivery, diagnosis, and assessment of function in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delaney G Fisher
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Richard J Price
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
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Price RJ, Fisher DG, Suk JS, Hanes J, Ko HS, Kordower JH. Parkinson's disease gene therapy: Will focused ultrasound and nanovectors be the next frontier? Mov Disord 2019; 34:1279-1282. [PMID: 30908781 PMCID: PMC6754296 DOI: 10.1002/mds.27675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Richard J. Price
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Delaney G. Fisher
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Jung Soo Suk
- Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Justin Hanes
- Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Han Seok Ko
- Department of Neurology, Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jeffrey H. Kordower
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Negron K, Khalasawi N, Lu B, Ho CY, Lee J, Shenoy S, Mao HQ, Wang TH, Hanes J, Suk JS. Widespread gene transfer to malignant gliomas with In vitro-to-In vivo correlation. J Control Release 2019; 303:1-11. [PMID: 30978431 PMCID: PMC6579670 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapy of malignant gliomas has shown a lack of clinical success to date due in part to inability of conventional gene vectors to achieve widespread gene transfer throughout highly disseminated tumor areas within the brain. Here, we demonstrate that newly engineered polymer-based DNA-loaded nanoparticles (DNA-NP) possessing small particle diameters (~50 nm) and non-adhesive surface polyethylene glycol (PEG) coatings efficiently penetrate brain tumor tissue as well as healthy brain parenchyma. Specifically, this brain-penetrating nanoparticle (BPN), following intracranial administration via convection enhanced delivery (CED), provides widespread transgene expression in heathy rodent striatum and an aggressive brain tumor tissue established orthotopically in rats. The ability of BPN to efficiently traverse both tissues is of great importance as the highly invasive glioma cells infiltrated into normal brain tissue are responsible for tumor recurrence. Of note, the transgene expression within the orthotopic tumor tissue occurred preferentially in glioma cells over microglial cells. We also show that three-dimensional (3D) multicellular spheroids established with malignant glioma cells, unlike conventional two-dimensional (2D) cell cultures, serve as an excellent in vitro model reliably predicting gene vector behaviors in vivo. Briefly, DNA-NP possessing greater surface PEG coverage exhibited more uniform and higher-level transgene expression both in the 3D model and in vivo, whereas the trend was opposite in 2D culture. The finding here alerts that gene transfer studies based primarily on 2D cultures should be interpreted with caution and underscores the relevance of 3D models for screening newly engineered gene vectors prior to their in vivo evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Negron
- Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, United States of America; Department of Pharmacology & Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States of America
| | - Namir Khalasawi
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States of America
| | - Billy Lu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States of America
| | - Chi-Ying Ho
- Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, United States of America; Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States of America
| | - Jason Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States of America
| | - Siddharth Shenoy
- Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, United States of America; Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, United States of America
| | - Hai-Quan Mao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States of America; Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, United States of America; Department of Material Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States of America; Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States of America
| | - Tza-Huei Wang
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States of America; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States of America
| | - Justin Hanes
- Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, United States of America; Department of Pharmacology & Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States of America; Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States of America; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States of America; Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, United States of America
| | - Jung Soo Suk
- Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, United States of America; Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States of America; Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, United States of America.
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Miller SJ, Philips T, Kim N, Dastgheyb R, Chen Z, Hsieh YC, Daigle JG, Datta M, Chew J, Vidensky S, Pham JT, Hughes EG, Robinson MB, Sattler R, Tomer R, Suk JS, Bergles DE, Haughey N, Pletnikov M, Hanes J, Rothstein JD. Molecularly defined cortical astroglia subpopulation modulates neurons via secretion of Norrin. Nat Neurosci 2019; 22:741-752. [PMID: 30936556 PMCID: PMC6551209 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-019-0366-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Despite expanding knowledge regarding the role of astroglia in regulating neuronal function, little is known about regional or functional subgroups of brain astroglia and how they may interact with neurons. We use an astroglia-specific promoter fragment in transgenic mice to identify an anatomically defined subset of adult gray matter astroglia. Using transcriptomic and histological analyses, we generate a combinatorial profile for the in vivo identification and characterization of this astroglia subpopulation. These astroglia are enriched in mouse cortical layer V; express distinct molecular markers, including Norrin and leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor 6 (LGR6), with corresponding layer-specific neuronal ligands; are found in the human cortex; and modulate neuronal activity. Astrocytic Norrin appears to regulate dendrites and spines; its loss, as occurring in Norrie disease, contributes to cortical dendritic spine loss. These studies provide evidence that human and rodent astroglia subtypes are regionally and functionally distinct, can regulate local neuronal dendrite and synaptic spine development, and contribute to disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean J Miller
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Brain Science Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Thomas Philips
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Brain Science Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Namho Kim
- The Center for Nanomedicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Raha Dastgheyb
- Department of Neurology, Richard T. Johnson Division of Neuroimmunology and Neurological Infections, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zhuoxun Chen
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Brain Science Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yi-Chun Hsieh
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Brain Science Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - J Gavin Daigle
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Brain Science Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Malika Datta
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jeannie Chew
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Brain Science Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Svetlana Vidensky
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Brain Science Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jacqueline T Pham
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Brain Science Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ethan G Hughes
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael B Robinson
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rita Sattler
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Brain Science Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Raju Tomer
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jung Soo Suk
- The Center for Nanomedicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Environmental and Health Sciences, Oncology, Neurosurgery, and Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dwight E Bergles
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Norman Haughey
- Department of Neurology, Richard T. Johnson Division of Neuroimmunology and Neurological Infections, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mikhail Pletnikov
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Justin Hanes
- The Center for Nanomedicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Environmental and Health Sciences, Oncology, Neurosurgery, and Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jeffrey D Rothstein
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Brain Science Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Au JLS, Abbiati RA, Wientjes MG, Lu Z. Target Site Delivery and Residence of Nanomedicines: Application of Quantitative Systems Pharmacology. Pharmacol Rev 2019; 71:157-169. [PMID: 30846487 DOI: 10.1124/pr.118.016816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantitative systems pharmacology (QSP), an emerging field that entails using modeling and computation to interpret, interrogate, and integrate drug effects spanning from the molecule to the whole organism to forecast treatment outcomes, is expected to enhance the efficiency of drug development. Since late 2017, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has advocated the use of an analogous approach of model-informed drug development. This review focuses on issues pertaining to nanosized medicines (NP) and the potential utility of QSP to determine NP delivery and residence at extracellular or intracellular targets in vivo. The kinetic processes governing NP disposition and transport, interactions with biologic matrix components, binding and internalization in cells, and intracellular trafficking are determined, sometimes jointly, by NP properties (e.g., dimension, materials, surface charge and modifications, shape, and geometry) and target tissue properties (e.g., perfusion status, vessel pore size and wall thickness, vessel and cell density, composition of extracellular matrix, and void volume fraction). These various determinants, together with the heterogeneous tissue structures and microenvironment factors in solid tumors, lead to environment-, spatial-, and time-dependent changes in NP concentrations that are difficult to predict. Adding to the complexity is the recent discovery that NP surface-coating protein corona, whose composition depends on NP properties and which undergoes continuous evolution with time and local protein environments, is yet another unpredictable variable. Examples are provided to demonstrate the potential utility of QSP-based multiscale modeling to capture the physicochemical and biologic processes in equations to enable computational studies of the key kinetic processes in cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessie L-S Au
- Institute of Quantitative Systems Pharmacology, Carlsbad, California (J.L.-S.A., R.A.A., M.G.W., Z.L.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma (J.L.-S.A., R.A.A.); Optimum Therapeutics LLC, Carlsbad, California (J.L.-S.A., M.G.W., Z.L.); and College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China (J.L.-S.A.)
| | - Roberto A Abbiati
- Institute of Quantitative Systems Pharmacology, Carlsbad, California (J.L.-S.A., R.A.A., M.G.W., Z.L.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma (J.L.-S.A., R.A.A.); Optimum Therapeutics LLC, Carlsbad, California (J.L.-S.A., M.G.W., Z.L.); and College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China (J.L.-S.A.)
| | - M Guillaume Wientjes
- Institute of Quantitative Systems Pharmacology, Carlsbad, California (J.L.-S.A., R.A.A., M.G.W., Z.L.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma (J.L.-S.A., R.A.A.); Optimum Therapeutics LLC, Carlsbad, California (J.L.-S.A., M.G.W., Z.L.); and College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China (J.L.-S.A.)
| | - Ze Lu
- Institute of Quantitative Systems Pharmacology, Carlsbad, California (J.L.-S.A., R.A.A., M.G.W., Z.L.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma (J.L.-S.A., R.A.A.); Optimum Therapeutics LLC, Carlsbad, California (J.L.-S.A., M.G.W., Z.L.); and College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China (J.L.-S.A.)
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36
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Umlauf BJ, Shusta EV. Exploiting BBB disruption for the delivery of nanocarriers to the diseased CNS. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2019; 60:146-152. [PMID: 30849699 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2019.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J Umlauf
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States
| | - Eric V Shusta
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States.
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37
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Huang X, Zhuang J, Chung SW, Huang B, Halpert G, Negron K, Sun X, Yang J, Oh Y, Hwang PM, Hanes J, Suk JS. Hypoxia-tropic Protein Nanocages for Modulation of Tumor- and Chemotherapy-Associated Hypoxia. ACS NANO 2019; 13:236-247. [PMID: 30576113 PMCID: PMC8323471 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b05399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Despite its central role in tumor progression and treatment resistance, poor vascularization that necessitates penetration of therapeutics through tumor extracellular matrix (ECM) constitutes a significant challenge to managing tumor hypoxia via conventional systemic treatment regimens. In addition, methods to target hypoxic tumor cells are lacking. Here, we discovered that human ferritin nanocages (FTn) possess an intrinsic ability to preferentially engage with hypoxic tumor tissues, in addition to normoxic tumor areas. We also developed a simple method of endowing FTn with spatially controlled "mosaic" surface poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) coatings that facilitate deep penetration of FTn through ECM to reach hypoxic tumor tissues while retaining its inherent hypoxia-tropic property. Hypoxia-inhibiting agents systemically delivered via this surface-PEGylated FTn were readily accumulated in hypoxic tumor tissues, thereby providing significantly enhanced therapeutic benefits compared to the identical agents delivered in solution as a stand-alone therapy or an adjuvant to restore efficacy of conventional systemic chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinglu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, and State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Center for Nanomedicine, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Jie Zhuang
- Cardiovascular Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Seung Woo Chung
- Center for Nanomedicine, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Buwei Huang
- Center for Nanomedicine, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Gilad Halpert
- Center for Nanomedicine, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Karina Negron
- Center for Nanomedicine, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
- Department of Pharmacology & Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Xuanrong Sun
- Center for Nanomedicine, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Center for Nanomedicine, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Yumin Oh
- Center for Nanomedicine, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Paul M. Hwang
- Cardiovascular Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Justin Hanes
- Center for Nanomedicine, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Pharmacology & Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Jung Soo Suk
- Center for Nanomedicine, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
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38
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Liu Y, Li Y, Keskin D, Shi L. Poly(β-Amino Esters): Synthesis, Formulations, and Their Biomedical Applications. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1801359. [PMID: 30549448 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201801359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Poly(β-amino ester) (abbreviated as PBAE or PAE) refers to a polymer synthesized from an acrylate and an amine by Michael addition and has properties inherent to tertiary amines and esters, such as pH responsiveness and biodegradability. The versatility of building blocks provides a library of polymers with miscellaneous physicochemical and mechanical properties. When used alone or together with other materials, PBAEs can be fabricated into different formulations in order to fulfill various requirements in drug delivery (for instance, gene, anticancer drugs, and antimicrobials delivery) and natural complex mimicry (nanochaperones). This progress report discusses the recent developments in design, synthesis, formulations, and applications of PBAEs in biomedical fields and provides a perspective view for the future of the PBAEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical BiologyKey Laboratory of Functional Polymer MaterialsMinistry of EducationInstitute of Polymer ChemistryCollege of ChemistryNankai University Tianjin 300071 China
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen Antonius Deusinglaan 1 9713 AV Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Yuanfeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical BiologyKey Laboratory of Functional Polymer MaterialsMinistry of EducationInstitute of Polymer ChemistryCollege of ChemistryNankai University Tianjin 300071 China
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen Antonius Deusinglaan 1 9713 AV Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Damla Keskin
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen Antonius Deusinglaan 1 9713 AV Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Linqi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical BiologyKey Laboratory of Functional Polymer MaterialsMinistry of EducationInstitute of Polymer ChemistryCollege of ChemistryNankai University Tianjin 300071 China
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Joshi CR, Raghavan V, Vijayaraghavalu S, Gao Y, Saraswathy M, Labhasetwar V, Ghorpade A. Reaching for the Stars in the Brain: Polymer-Mediated Gene Delivery to Human Astrocytes. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2018; 12:645-657. [PMID: 30081235 PMCID: PMC6082920 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2018.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Astrocytes, the "star-shaped" glial cells, are appealing gene-delivery targets to treat neurological diseases due to their diverse roles in brain homeostasis and disease. Cationic polymers have successfully delivered genes to mammalian cells and hence present a viable, non-immunogenic alternative to widely used viral vectors. In this study, we investigated the gene delivery potential of a series of arginine- and polyethylene glycol-modified, siloxane-based polyethylenimine analogs in primary cultured human neural cells (neurons and astrocytes) and in mice. Plasmid DNAs encoding luciferase reporter were used to measure gene expression. We hypothesized that polyplexes with arginine would help in cellular transport of the DNA, including across the blood-brain barrier; polyethylene glycol will stabilize polyethylenimine and reduce its toxicity while maintaining its DNA-condensing ability. Polyplexes were non-toxic to human neural cells and red blood cells. Cellular uptake of polyplexes and sustained gene expression were seen in human astrocytes as well as in mouse brains post-intravenous-injections. The polyplexes also delivered and expressed genes driven by astrocyte-restricted glial fibrillary acidic protein promoters, which are weaker than viral promoters. To our knowledge, the presented work validates a biocompatible and effective polymer-facilitated gene-delivery system for both human brain cells and mice for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaitanya R Joshi
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Vijay Raghavan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Sivakumar Vijayaraghavalu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Yue Gao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Manju Saraswathy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Vinod Labhasetwar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Anuja Ghorpade
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA.
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Wu D, Zhang Y, Xu X, Guo T, Xie D, Zhu R, Chen S, Ramakrishna S, He L. RGD/TAT-functionalized chitosan-graft-PEI-PEG gene nanovector for sustained delivery of NT-3 for potential application in neural regeneration. Acta Biomater 2018; 72:266-277. [PMID: 29578088 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we prepared a multifunctional gene delivery nanovector containing a chitosan (CS) backbone and polyethylenimine (PEI) arms with arginine-glycine-aspartate (RGD)/twin-arginine translocation (TAT) conjugated via polyethylene glycol (PEG). Branched PEI, with a molecular weight of 2000 Da, was used to achieve a balance between biocompatibility and transfection efficiency, whereas RGD/TAT peptides were conjugated for enhanced targeting ability and cellular uptake. Synthesis of the copolymers was confirmed by characterizing the chemical structure with 1H nuclear magnetic resonance and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The nanovector was biocompatible with cells and showed excellent capability for DNA condensation; the resulting complexes with DNA were well-formed, and possessed small particle size and reasonable positive charge. Higher gene transfection efficiency, compared to that achieved with PEI (25 kDa), was confirmed in tumor (HeLa cells) and normal cells (293T and NIH 3T3 cells). More importantly, the cells transfected with the chitosan-graft-PEI-PEG/pCMV-EGFP-Ntf3 complex produced sustained neurotrophin-3 with a linear increase in cumulative concentration, which induced neuronal differentiation of neural stem cell and promoted neurite outgrowth. These findings suggested that our multifunctional copolymers might be ideal nanovectors for engineering cells via gene transfection, and could potentially be applied in tumor therapy and regenerative medicine. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE We successfully prepared a multifunctional gene delivery nanovector containing branched PEI with a molecular weight of 2000 Da to balance between biocompatibility and transfection efficiency, and RGD/TAT peptides for enhanced targeting ability and cellular uptake. The well-formed CPPP/DNA complexes of small particle size and reasonable positive charges potentially enhanced gene transfection in both tumor and normal cells. More importantly, the CPPP/pCMV-EGFP-Ntf3 complex-transfected 293T cells could produce sustained NT-3 with a constant ratio, which induced neuron differentiation of NSC and promoted neurite outgrowth. Therefore, our study provided an effective strategy for producing neurotrophins by engineering cells with gene delivery, which deserved wide investigation and potential application in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongni Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yongnu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiaoting Xu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration (GHMICR), Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ting Guo
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration (GHMICR), Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Deming Xie
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Rong Zhu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration (GHMICR), Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Shengfeng Chen
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration (GHMICR), Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration (GHMICR), Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| | - Liumin He
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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Abstract
Reports on drug delivery systems capable of overcoming multiple biological barriers are rare. We introduce a nanoparticle-based drug delivery technology capable of rapidly penetrating both lung tumor tissue and the mucus layer that protects airway tissues from nanoscale objects. Specifically, human ferritin heavy-chain nanocages (FTn) were functionalized with polyethylene glycol (PEG) in a unique manner that allows robust control over PEG location (nanoparticle surface only) and surface density. We varied PEG surface density and molecular weight to discover PEGylated FTn that rapidly penetrated both mucus barriers and tumor tissues in vitro and in vivo. Upon inhalation in mice, PEGylated FTn with optimized PEGylation rapidly penetrated the mucus gel layer and thus provided a uniform distribution throughout the airways. Subsequently, PEGylated FTn preferentially penetrated and distributed within orthotopic lung tumor tissue, and selectively entered cancer cells, in a transferrin receptor 1-dependent manner, which is up-regulated in most cancers. To test the potential therapeutic benefits, doxorubicin (DOX) was conjugated to PEGylated FTn via an acid-labile linker to facilitate intracellular release of DOX after cell entry. Inhalation of DOX-loaded PEGylated FTn led to 60% survival, compared with 10% survival in the group that inhaled DOX in solution at the maximally tolerated dose, in a murine model of malignant airway lung cancer. This approach may provide benefits as an adjuvant therapy combined with systemic chemo- or immunotherapy or as a stand-alone therapy for patients with tumors confined to the airways.
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Zhang C, Mastorakos P, Sobral M, Berry S, Song E, Nance E, Eberhart CG, Hanes J, Suk JS. Strategies to enhance the distribution of nanotherapeutics in the brain. J Control Release 2017; 267:232-239. [PMID: 28739449 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Convection enhanced delivery (CED) provides a powerful means to bypass the blood-brain barrier and drive widespread distribution of therapeutics in brain parenchyma away from the point of local administration. However, recent studies have detailed that the overall distribution of therapeutic nanoparticles (NP) following CED remains poor due to tissue inhomogeneity and anatomical barriers present in the brain, which has limited its translational applicability. Using probe NP, we first demonstrate that a significantly improved brain distribution is achieved by infusing small, non-adhesive NP via CED in a hyperosmolar infusate solution. This multimodal delivery strategy minimizes the hindrance of NP diffusion imposed by the brain extracellular matrix and reduces NP confinement within the perivascular spaces. We further recapitulate the distributions achieved by CED of this probe NP using a most widely explored biodegradable polymer-based drug delivery NP. These findings provide a strategy to overcome several key limitations of CED that have been previously observed in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clark Zhang
- Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States
| | - Panagiotis Mastorakos
- Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, United States; Department of Ophthalmology, The Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, United States
| | - Miguel Sobral
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States
| | - Sneha Berry
- Zanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States
| | - Eric Song
- Zanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States
| | - Elizabeth Nance
- Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, United States; Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States
| | - Charles G Eberhart
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States
| | - Justin Hanes
- Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States; Department of Ophthalmology, The Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, United States; Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States; Department of Pharmacology & Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States
| | - Jung Soo Suk
- Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, United States; Department of Ophthalmology, The Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, United States.
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Mastorakos P, Zhang C, Song E, Kim YE, Park HW, Berry S, Choi WK, Hanes J, Suk JS. Biodegradable brain-penetrating DNA nanocomplexes and their use to treat malignant brain tumors. J Control Release 2017; 262:37-46. [PMID: 28694032 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of powerful genetic targets has spurred clinical development of gene therapy approaches to treat patients with malignant brain tumors. However, lack of success in the clinic has been attributed to the inability of conventional gene vectors to achieve gene transfer throughout highly disseminated primary brain tumors. Here, we demonstrate ex vivo that small nanocomplexes composed of DNA condensed by a blend of biodegradable polymer, poly(β-amino ester) (PBAE), with PBAE conjugated with 5kDa polyethylene glycol (PEG) molecules (PBAE-PEG) rapidly penetrate healthy brain parenchyma and orthotopic brain tumor tissues in rats. Rapid diffusion of these DNA-loaded nanocomplexes observed in fresh tissues ex vivo demonstrated that they avoided adhesive trapping in the brain owing to their dense PEG coating, which was critical to achieving widespread transgene expression throughout orthotopic rat brain tumors in vivo following administration by convection enhanced delivery. Transgene expression with the PBAE/PBAE-PEG blended nanocomplexes (DNA-loaded brain-penetrating nanocomplexes, or DNA-BPN) was uniform throughout the tumor core compared to nanocomplexes composed of DNA with PBAE only (DNA-loaded conventional nanocomplexes, or DNA-CN), and transgene expression reached beyond the tumor edge, where infiltrative cancer cells are found, only for the DNA-BPN formulation. Finally, DNA-BPN loaded with anti-cancer plasmid DNA provided significantly enhanced survival compared to the same plasmid DNA loaded in DNA-CN in two aggressive orthotopic brain tumor models in rats. These findings underscore the importance of achieving widespread delivery of therapeutic nucleic acids within brain tumors and provide a promising new delivery platform for localized gene therapy in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Mastorakos
- Center for Nanomedicine, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Clark Zhang
- Center for Nanomedicine, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Eric Song
- Center for Nanomedicine, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Center for Biotechnology Education, Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Young Eun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hee Won Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sneha Berry
- Center for Nanomedicine, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Center for Biotechnology Education, Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Won Kyu Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Justin Hanes
- Center for Nanomedicine, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Oncology, Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Pharmacology & Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Jung Soo Suk
- Center for Nanomedicine, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Self-assembled amphiphilic core-shell nanocarriers in line with the modern strategies for brain delivery. J Control Release 2017. [PMID: 28648865 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Disorders of the central nervous system (CNS) represent increasing social and economic problems all over the world which makes the effective transport of drugs to the brain a crucial need. In the last decade, many strategies were introduced to deliver drugs to the brain trying to overcome the challenge of the blood brain barrier (BBB) using both invasive and non-invasive methods. Non-invasive strategy represented in the application of nanocarriers became very common. One of the most hopeful nanoscopic carriers for brain delivery is core-shell nanocarriers or polymeric micelles (PMs). They are more advantageous than other nanocarriers. They offer small size, ease of preparation, ease of sterilization and the possibility of surface modification with various ligands. Hence, the aim of this review is to discuss modern strategies for brain delivery, micelles as a successful delivery system for the brain and how micelles could be modified to act as "magic bullets" for brain delivery.
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45
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Witten J, Ribbeck K. The particle in the spider's web: transport through biological hydrogels. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:8080-8095. [PMID: 28580973 PMCID: PMC5841163 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr09736g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Biological hydrogels such as mucus, extracellular matrix, biofilms, and the nuclear pore have diverse functions and compositions, but all act as selectively permeable barriers to the diffusion of particles. Each barrier has a crosslinked polymeric mesh that blocks penetration of large particles such as pathogens, nanotherapeutics, or macromolecules. These polymeric meshes also employ interactive filtering, in which affinity between solutes and the gel matrix controls permeability. Interactive filtering affects the transport of particles of all sizes including peptides, antibiotics, and nanoparticles and in many cases this filtering can be described in terms of the effects of charge and hydrophobicity. The concepts described in this review can guide strategies to exploit or overcome gel barriers, particularly for applications in diagnostics, pharmacology, biomaterials, and drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Witten
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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Mead BP, Kim N, Miller GW, Hodges D, Mastorakos P, Klibanov AL, Mandell JW, Hirsh J, Suk JS, Hanes J, Price RJ. Novel Focused Ultrasound Gene Therapy Approach Noninvasively Restores Dopaminergic Neuron Function in a Rat Parkinson's Disease Model. NANO LETTERS 2017; 17:3533-3542. [PMID: 28511006 PMCID: PMC5539956 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b00616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Therapies capable of decelerating, or perhaps even halting, neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease (PD) remain elusive. Clinical trials of PD gene therapy testing the delivery of neurotrophic factors, such as the glial cell-line derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), have been largely ineffective due to poor vector distribution throughout the diseased regions in the brain. In addition, current delivery strategies involve invasive procedures that obviate the inclusion of early stage patients who are most likely to benefit from GDNF-based gene therapy. Here, we introduce a two-pronged treatment strategy, composed of MR image-guided focused ultrasound (FUS) and brain-penetrating nanoparticles (BPN), that provides widespread but targeted GDNF transgene expression in the brain following systemic administration. MR image-guided FUS allows circulating gene vectors to partition into the brain tissue by noninvasive and transient opening of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) within the areas where FUS is applied. Once beyond the BBB, BPN provide widespread and uniform GDNF expression throughout the targeted brain tissue. After only a single treatment, our strategy led to therapeutically relevant levels of GDNF protein content in the FUS-targeted regions in the striatum of the 6-OHDA-induced rat model of PD, which lasted at least up to 10 weeks. Importantly, our strategy restored both dopamine levels and dopaminergic neuron density and reversed behavioral indicators of PD-associated motor dysfunction with no evidence of local or systemic toxicity. Our combinatorial approach overcomes limitations of current delivery strategies, thereby potentially providing a novel means to treat PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian P. Mead
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, United States
| | - Namho Kim
- Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, United States
| | - G. Wilson Miller
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, United States
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, United States
| | - David Hodges
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, United States
| | - Panagiotis Mastorakos
- Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, United States
| | - Alexander L. Klibanov
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, United States
- Cardiovascular Division, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, United States
| | - James W. Mandell
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, United States
| | - Jay Hirsh
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, United States
| | - Jung Soo Suk
- Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, United States
| | - Justin Hanes
- Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, United States
| | - Richard J. Price
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, United States
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47
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Croconaine nanoparticles with enhanced tumor accumulation for multimodality cancer theranostics. Biomaterials 2017; 129:28-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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48
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Surface chemistry governs cellular tropism of nanoparticles in the brain. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15322. [PMID: 28524852 PMCID: PMC5454541 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles are of long-standing interest for the treatment of neurological diseases such as glioblastoma. Most past work focused on methods to introduce nanoparticles into the brain, suggesting that reaching the brain interstitium will be sufficient to ensure therapeutic efficacy. However, optimized nanoparticle design for drug delivery to the central nervous system is limited by our understanding of their cellular deposition in the brain. Here, we investigated the cellular fate of poly(lactic acid) nanoparticles presenting different surface chemistries, after administration by convection-enhanced delivery. We demonstrate that nanoparticles with ‘stealth' properties mostly avoid internalization by all cell types, but internalization can be enhanced by functionalization with bio-adhesive end-groups. We also show that association rates measured in cultured cells predict the extent of internalization of nanoparticles in cell populations. Finally, evaluating therapeutic efficacy in an orthotopic model of glioblastoma highlights the need to balance significant uptake without inducing adverse toxicity. There have been numerous attempts to develop nanomaterials to reach cells of the central nervous system for drug delivery. Here, the authors investigate the cellular fate of polymer-based nanoparticles with varying surface chemistries after administration directly into the brain.
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49
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Ochocinska MJ, Zlokovic BV, Searson PC, Crowder AT, Kraig RP, Ljubimova JY, Mainprize TG, Banks WA, Warren RQ, Kindzelski A, Timmer W, Liu CH. NIH workshop report on the trans-agency blood-brain interface workshop 2016: exploring key challenges and opportunities associated with the blood, brain and their interface. Fluids Barriers CNS 2017; 14:12. [PMID: 28457227 PMCID: PMC5410699 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-017-0061-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A trans-agency workshop on the blood–brain interface (BBI), sponsored by the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, the National Cancer Institute and the Combat Casualty Care Research Program at the Department of Defense, was conducted in Bethesda MD on June 7–8, 2016. The workshop was structured into four sessions: (1) blood sciences; (2) exosome therapeutics; (3) next generation in vitro blood–brain barrier (BBB) models; and (4) BBB delivery and targeting. The first day of the workshop focused on the physiology of the blood and neuro-vascular unit, blood or biofluid-based molecular markers, extracellular vesicles associated with brain injury, and how these entities can be employed to better evaluate injury states and/or deliver therapeutics. The second day of the workshop focused on technical advances in in vitro models, BBB manipulations and nanoparticle-based drug carrier designs, with the goal of improving drug delivery to the central nervous system. The presentations and discussions underscored the role of the BBI in brain injury, as well as the role of the BBB as both a limiting factor and a potential conduit for drug delivery to the brain. At the conclusion of the meeting, the participants discussed challenges and opportunities confronting BBI translational researchers. In particular, the participants recommended using BBI translational research to stimulate advances in diagnostics, as well as targeted delivery approaches for detection and therapy of both brain injury and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret J Ochocinska
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 6701 Rockledge Dr., Room 9149, Bethesda, MD, 20892-7950, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ronald Q Warren
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andrei Kindzelski
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - William Timmer
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christina H Liu
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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50
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Timbie KF, Afzal U, Date A, Zhang C, Song J, Wilson Miller G, Suk JS, Hanes J, Price RJ. MR image-guided delivery of cisplatin-loaded brain-penetrating nanoparticles to invasive glioma with focused ultrasound. J Control Release 2017; 263:120-131. [PMID: 28288892 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Systemically administered chemotherapeutic drugs are often ineffective in the treatment of invasive brain tumors due to poor therapeutic index. Within gliomas, despite the presence of heterogeneously leaky microvessels, dense extracellular matrix and high interstitial pressure generate a "blood-tumor barrier" (BTB), which inhibits drug delivery and distribution. Meanwhile, beyond the contrast MRI-enhancing edge of the tumor, invasive cancer cells are protected by the intact blood-brain barrier (BBB). Here, we tested whether brain-penetrating nanoparticles (BPN) that possess dense surface coatings of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and are loaded with cisplatin (CDDP) could be delivered across both the blood-tumor and blood-brain barriers with MR image-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS), and whether this treatment could control glioma growth and invasiveness. To this end, we first established that MRgFUS is capable of significantly enhancing the delivery of ~60nm fluorescent tracer BPN across the blood-tumor barrier in both the 9L (6-fold improvement) gliosarcoma and invasive F98 (28-fold improvement) glioma models. Importantly, BPN delivery across the intact BBB, just beyond the tumor edge, was also markedly increased in both tumor models. We then showed that a CDDP loaded BPN formulation (CDDP-BPN), composed of a blend of polyaspartic acid (PAA) and heavily PEGylated polyaspartic acid (PAA-PEG), was highly stable, provided extended drug release, and was effective against F98 cells in vitro. These CDDP-BPN were delivered from the systemic circulation into orthotopic F98 gliomas using MRgFUS, where they elicited a significant reduction in tumor invasiveness and growth, as well as improved animal survival. We conclude that this therapy may offer a powerful new approach for the treatment invasive gliomas, particularly for preventing and controlling recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsie F Timbie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, 415 Lane Road Building MR5, Charlottesville, VA 22908, United States
| | - Umara Afzal
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States; Center for Nanomedicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States; Department of Biochemistry, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Shamsabad, Muree Road, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Abhijit Date
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States; Center for Nanomedicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States
| | - Clark Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States; Center for Nanomedicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States
| | - Ji Song
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, 415 Lane Road Building MR5, Charlottesville, VA 22908, United States
| | - G Wilson Miller
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, 480 Ray C Hunt Drive, Charlottesville, VA 22908, United States
| | - Jung Soo Suk
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States; Center for Nanomedicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States
| | - Justin Hanes
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States; Center for Nanomedicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States
| | - Richard J Price
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, 415 Lane Road Building MR5, Charlottesville, VA 22908, United States.
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