1
|
Sun N, Zhu J, Li Y, Hu F, Dong J, Shen S, Xu X, Cao X, Zhou Z, Wong HM, Wu L, Li QL. A multifunctional semi-interpenetrating polymer network hydrogel dressing for wound healing. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2025; 251:114616. [PMID: 40073628 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2025.114616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2025] [Accepted: 03/04/2025] [Indexed: 03/14/2025]
Abstract
Hydrogels have exhibited significant application potential in the field of new wound dressings due to their unique physicochemical properties and biological functions. However, traditional hydrogels possess limitations regarding mechanical properties, adhesion, and the promotion of wound healing. Herein, a multifunctional polyvinyl alcohol-tannic acid/polyacrylamide-polydopamine (PVA-TA/PAM-PDA) hydrogels are developed. By combining an amide-rich crosslinked polyacrylamide (PAM) network with a hydroxyl-rich linear polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) structure, a semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) is formed, which serves as a scaffold to enhance mechanical properties. The incorporation of tannic acid (TA) and polydopamine (PDA) into the semi-IPN framework can enhance cell affinity and tissue adhesiveness. This multifunctional composite hydrogel demonstrates outstanding physical and mechanical properties, including excellent elasticity and toughness, stable rheological properties, and favorable swelling properties. It also exhibits strong adhesive properties to various materials and skin, and can promote tissue regeneration and wound healing. This study offers novel ideas for the development and application of multifunctional composite hydrogel wound dressings, and the PVA-TA/PAM-PDA hydrogel shows great promise for clinical applications as an innovative wound dressing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Sun
- Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jiaxin Zhu
- Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yuzhu Li
- Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Fangfang Hu
- Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jianguo Dong
- Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Shengjie Shen
- Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xiaohua Xu
- The institute of Oral Science, Department of Stomatology, Longgang Otorhinolaryngology Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Xiaoma Cao
- The institute of Oral Science, Department of Stomatology, Longgang Otorhinolaryngology Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Zheng Zhou
- School of Dentistry, University of Detroit Mercy, Detroit, MI 48208-2576, United States
| | - Hai Ming Wong
- Faculty of Dentistry, The Prince Philip Dental Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Leping Wu
- Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China.
| | - Quan-Li Li
- Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China; The institute of Oral Science, Department of Stomatology, Longgang Otorhinolaryngology Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518172, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mohammadi S. Innate immunity and wound repair: The platelet-rich fibrin advantage. World J Biol Chem 2025; 16:107195. [DOI: 10.4331/wjbc.v16.i2.107195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2025] [Revised: 04/11/2025] [Accepted: 04/27/2025] [Indexed: 05/30/2025] Open
Abstract
In this editorial, we comment on the article by Sá-Oliveira et al. We focus specifically on the role of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) in modulating innate immunity to enhance wound repair. The process of wound healing is complex and involves a coordinated series of biological events, including inflammation, cell proliferation, and tissue remodeling. The innate immune system is important in the early stages of wound repair, with inflammation being a crucial initial phase in tissue regeneration. However, the inflammatory response should be regulated, as excessive or dysregulated inflammation can impair healing. Platelet concentrates, specifically PRF, have originated as promising tools to optimize the tissue repair process. PRF is a second-generation platelet concentrate, and the release of growth factors (GFs) plays a determining role in several aspects of wound healing, including promoting cell proliferation, stimulating angiogenesis, and modulating inflammation. PRF forms a fibrin matrix that entraps platelets and GFs. This structure allows for their sustained release over time, which is believed to provide a more favorable microenvironment for tissue repair. Recent research by Sá-Oliveira et al has provided valuable evidence supporting the efficacy of PRF in promoting wound healing. Their study, conducted on an animal model, demonstrated that PRF-based dressings were more effective in accelerating wound closure in the early stages of the healing process, enhancing tissue repair, and modulating the inflammatory response. We explore how PRF's unique properties contribute to a more controlled and effective healing process. By examining these findings, we aim to highlight PRF's potential as a promising therapeutic strategy for improved wound management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Mohammadi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Ad Dakhiliyah, Oman
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Dong J, Lang Y, He J, Cui J, Liu X, Yuan H, Li L, Zhou M, Wang S. Phycocyanin-based multifunctional microspheres for treatment of infected radiation-induced skin injury. Biomaterials 2025; 317:123061. [PMID: 39742838 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.123061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2024] [Revised: 12/15/2024] [Accepted: 12/25/2024] [Indexed: 01/04/2025]
Abstract
Radiation therapy is a primary modality for cancer treatment; however, it often leads to various degrees of skin injuries, ranging from mild rashes to severe ulcerations, for which no effective treatments are currently available. In this study, a multifunctional microsphere (PC@CuS-ALG) was synthesized by encapsulating phycocyanin-templated copper sulfide nanoparticles (PC@CuS) within alginate (ALG) using microfluidic technology. Phycocyanin, a natural protein derived from microalgae, shows abilities to scavenge reactive oxygen species, repair radiation-induced damage to skin cells, and ameliorate macrophage-related inflammatory responses. CuS contributes to photothermal conversion efficiency and exhibits antibacterial properties. The microspheres facilitate the sustained release of PC@CuS, retain moisture at the wound site, and provide a supportive environment for cell migration and growth. In a mouse model of infected radiation-induced skin injury, PC@CuS-ALG exhibited antibacterial and wound healing effects, resulting in accelerated epidermal tissue regeneration, increased thickness and maturation of dermal granulation tissue, and an ameliorated inflammatory response. This study presents a novel, effective, and safe approach for treating radiation-induced skin injuries complicated by bacterial infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Dong
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, 322000, China; Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute (ZJU-UoE Institute), Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400, China; Zhejiang University-Ordos City Etuoke Banner Joint Research Center, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400, China
| | - Yutong Lang
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute (ZJU-UoE Institute), Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400, China; Edinburgh Medical School: Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jian He
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute (ZJU-UoE Institute), Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400, China; Zhejiang University-Ordos City Etuoke Banner Joint Research Center, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400, China
| | - Jiarong Cui
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Xiaoyang Liu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Hongxia Yuan
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute (ZJU-UoE Institute), Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400, China; Zhejiang University-Ordos City Etuoke Banner Joint Research Center, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400, China
| | - Lele Li
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute (ZJU-UoE Institute), Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400, China; Zhejiang University-Ordos City Etuoke Banner Joint Research Center, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, 322000, China; Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute (ZJU-UoE Institute), Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400, China; Zhejiang University-Ordos City Etuoke Banner Joint Research Center, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400, China; The National Key Laboratory of Biobased Transportation Fuel Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China; State Key Laboratory of Transvascular Implantation Devices, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China.
| | - Shoujie Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, 322000, China; Zhejiang University-Ordos City Etuoke Banner Joint Research Center, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chen Z, Si T, Gao X, Chen K, Yu Z, Zhang Y, Peng L, Shang J, Zhang H. Biomimetic Transformation of Inferior Parenchyma Cellulose into a Sustainable, Functional Medical Hydrogel Inspired by the Dermis. Adv Healthc Mater 2025:e2500698. [PMID: 40411879 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202500698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2025] [Revised: 04/20/2025] [Indexed: 05/26/2025]
Abstract
Inevitable daily damage to skin necessitates advanced occlusive dressings to mitigate infections and accelerate regeneration. Biomacromolecule-based hydrogels serve as sustainable alternatives to synthetic polymers, facing challenges in achieving multifunctional integration. To address this issue, a novel multifunctional biomass-derived hydrogel is developed which exhibits characteristics such as stretchability, adhesiveness, moisture absorption capacity, drug loading/sustained release, and antibacterial properties. The gel is developed through synergistic interactions among bamboo-derived regenerated cellulose (RC), carboxylated β-cyclodextrin (Hβ-CD), silanized liquid metal nanodroplets (SLM NDs), and pectin. This composite forms a 3D network stabilized by hydrogen, ionic, and amide bonds, exhibiting exceptional stretchability (247.7%), adhesiveness (7.81-23.97 kPa), and toughness (4.47 MJ m-3). Its microporous structure efficiently absorbs wound exudates; while, maintaining an optimal healing microenvironment. Host-guest interactions between Hβ-CD and benzalkonium chloride (BKC) enhance drug-loading capacity, achieving 78.8% sustained release. Antibacterial assays demonstrate inhibition zones against E. coli (20.07 ± 1.57 mm) and S. aureus (32.21 ± 0.34 mm). In vivo studies reveal 75% wound closure rate within 10 days. SLM NDs enable dynamic reversible bonds for mechanical adaptability; while, pectin reinforces bioadhesion and structural integrity. These properties make this hydrogel a promising candidate for clinical wound care, offering significant potential for medical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ze Chen
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Tian Si
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Xin Gao
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Keli Chen
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Zhe Yu
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, Ningbo, 315201, China
- In Situ Devices Center, School of Integrated Circuits, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Yuting Zhang
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Lincai Peng
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Jie Shang
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Shu H, Zhang T, Jiang Y, Diao Z, Xu Y, Long J, Chen T, Zhang M, Zhang Z, Chen J, Huang S, Zhang L. Mechanoregulative hydrogel facilitates rapid scarless healing by self-adaptive control of wound niche at different stages. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2025; 11:eadv9895. [PMID: 40408488 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adv9895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2025] [Accepted: 04/22/2025] [Indexed: 05/25/2025]
Abstract
It is essential to spatiotemporally control the microniche of wound at different healing stages for rapid and scarless healing. Hence, a multifunctional soft hydrogel integrated with programmed drug release capability (MLVgel) was fabricated. MLVgel is adhesive and moldable with low friction response, which provides moisture and responses to an infectious environment to deliver bactericidal and antioxidant effects in rat bacterial infection and burn wound models. By release control, instant short-term inflammation suppression is combined with sustained mechano-transduction signal inhibition. This dynamically modulates immune responses and delays En1+ fibroblast activation via the YAP-TEAD pathway, ultimately facilitating scarless wound regeneration. Genomic analyses showed that the enhanced reepithelization and mechanoregulation by MLVgel during different wound phases are indispensable for its therapeutic outcomes. Last, MLVgel resulted in markedly improved healing in a pig mature scar model, which demonstrated its translation potential. Our results also verified the necessity of programed dynamic regulation in the healing process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haozhou Shu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, People's Republic of China
| | - Taotian Zhang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yilin Jiang
- Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenkang Diao
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yani Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaying Long
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianyuan Chen
- Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengxing Zhang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhirong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjie Chen
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiqi Huang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Zhang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Norouzi P, Rezaei Kolarijani N, Mahheidari N, Ehterami A, Bit A, Gharravi AM, Yekesadat SM, Aghayan SN, Haghi-Daredeh S, Salehi M. Design and evaluation of sodium alginate-based hydrogel containing green tea for the treatment of diabetic ulcers in rat model. J Biomater Appl 2025:8853282251345004. [PMID: 40398864 DOI: 10.1177/08853282251345004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2025]
Abstract
A functional and biocompatible biomaterial is essential for accelerating the regeneration of skin tissue at the wound site. Hydrogel scaffolds in three dimensions show promising candidates for this purpose. This study was conducted to design a novel porous cross-linked alginate (Alg) hydrogel containing green tea (GT) and assess its morphology, swelling, weight loss, hemocompatibility, and cytocompatibility. Ultimately, the created hydrogel's therapeutic effectiveness was examined in a complete dermal diabetes wound model. The findings indicated that the hydrogel prepared had significant porosity, with interconnected pores around 75.821 µm in size. The weight loss evaluation indicated that the created hydrogel can be degraded naturally, with a weight loss ratio of about 74% for Alg/GT 80 mg after being incubated for 24 hours. Additionally, the study indicated that hydrogel dressings exhibited greater wound closure compared to gauze-treated wounds, which served as the control. The group with GT at a concentration of 80 mg showed the highest percentage of wound closure. The histopathological studies and IHC evaluation for TGF-β1 confirmed the in vivo finding. This study proposes utilizing 3D Alg hydrogels with GT as a wound dressing, but further studies are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pirasteh Norouzi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Nariman Rezaei Kolarijani
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Naimeh Mahheidari
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Arian Ehterami
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine (IREM), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Arindam Bit
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, NIT, Raipur, India
| | - Anneh Mohammad Gharravi
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | | | - Seyedeh Nazanin Aghayan
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Saeed Haghi-Daredeh
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Majid Salehi
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Tekin A, Tornacı S, Boyacı D, Li S, Calligaris S, Maalej H, Toksoy Öner E. Hydrogels of levan polysaccharide: A systematic review. Int J Biol Macromol 2025; 315:144430. [PMID: 40409642 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.144430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2025] [Revised: 05/07/2025] [Accepted: 05/18/2025] [Indexed: 05/25/2025]
Abstract
Levan is a fructose-based homopolysaccharide renowned for its unique properties, including exceptional adhesive strength, self-assembly capability, low viscosity, and bioactivities such as prebiotic, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and anti-diabetic effects. These characteristics have created increasing interest in levan-based biomaterials over the past decade, positioning levan as a highly under-explored biopolymer for a wide range of applications, from medicine to cosmetics. As a result, levan-based hydrogels have emerged as promising biomaterials in drug delivery, tissue engineering, and cosmetic formulations, owing to their extracellular matrix-mimicking structure, tunable mechanical properties, and controlled cargo release capabilities. This review is the first to comprehensively examine the advancements in levan-based hydrogel research, systematically analyzing their biomedical applications and comparing them with other biopolymer-based hydrogels. Key questions regarding levan's potential as an alternative to established hydrogel systems are explored, highlighting areas requiring further research. By assessing trends and findings in the literature, this review provides an overview of the advantages, limitations, and prospects of levan hydrogels. Our analysis establishes a foundation for the continued development of levan-derived biomaterials, fostering broader adoption in biomedical and industrial applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aybüke Tekin
- IBSB, Marmara University, Department of Bioengineering, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Selay Tornacı
- IBSB, Marmara University, Department of Bioengineering, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Defne Boyacı
- Uskudar American Academy, 34664, Uskudar, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Suming Li
- Institut Européen des Membranes, UMR CNRS 5635, Université de Montpellier, France
| | - Sonia Calligaris
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Udine 33100, Italy
| | - Hana Maalej
- Laboratory of Biodiversity and Valorization of Arid Areas Bioresources (BVBAA), LR16ES36, Faculty of Sciences of Gabes, University of Gabes, Gabes 6072, Tunisia
| | - Ebru Toksoy Öner
- IBSB, Marmara University, Department of Bioengineering, Istanbul, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ma H, Qiu C, Bao J, Jiang Y, Wang H, Zhang W, Zhao Q, Zhang Z, Tao H, Lu X, Zhang N, Zhu N. NIR-Induced Power-Effective Smart Bandage for Wound Infection Monitoring and Accelerated Healing. NANO LETTERS 2025; 25:8203-8210. [PMID: 40354180 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c01255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2025]
Abstract
An advanced bandage integrating sensing and therapeutic components for effective physiological monitoring and treatment presents promising potential for chronic wound healing. However, functional components in most bandages are integrated by wires, limiting the wearer's comfort of a soft-hard interface. Herein, a biocompatible smart flexible bandage, containing a reduced graphene oxide/polyacrylamide hydrogel (rGO/PAM Gel) therapeutic dressing and Au/rGO modified biosensor, has been designed. Owing to the photothermal capability of rGO/PAM Gel, the local temperature of the bandage significantly increased under NIR irradiation. High temperature accelerates infected wound healing by killing bacteria, while the bandage sensors enhance biomarker detection. Enriched target molecules and enhanced photo-electrocatalytic activity acquire high sensing performance. Moreover, in situ animal studies demonstrate that a smart wearable bandage could effectively monitor wound exudate biomarkers (i.e., uric acid) and accelerate healing with maximum light energy efficiency. This work provides a power-efficient approach to facilitate the immediate clinical intervention of wound care management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongting Ma
- Central Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - ChengZe Qiu
- Affiliated Xinhua Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Jinhui Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control for Aerospace Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Yue Jiang
- Central Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Haocheng Wang
- Affiliated Xinhua Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Wenrui Zhang
- Central Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Central Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Zhouxiaolong Zhang
- Central Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Huannuo Tao
- Central Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Xiaolong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control for Aerospace Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Affiliated Xinhua Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Nan Zhu
- Central Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abdollahzadeh N, Vatanchian M, Oroojalian F, Enderami SE, Amani A, Salarinia R. Fibromodulin-overexpressing fibroblast cells increase wound contraction, improve scar quality and enhance angiogenesis: an in-vivo study. BMC Biotechnol 2025; 25:40. [PMID: 40389960 PMCID: PMC12090437 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-025-00975-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2025] [Indexed: 05/21/2025] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Fibromodulin, a small leucine rich proteoglycan has been suggested to have prominent role in wound healing. On the other hand, fibroblast cells, due to their ability to secrete growth factors and control inflammation in the wound area, have been proposed as effective approaches in cell therapy for wounds. In the current study we attempted to improve treatment results using a combination of fibroblast and fibromodulin features. METHOD Fibroblast cells were isolated from the skin and transfected with a vector carrying the fibromodulin gene. Following the assessment of fibromodulin protein production, the effect of transfected fibroblast cells was studied in an animal wound model. RESULTS Flow cytometry analysis showed high expression of the CD90 marker (97.2%) and very low expression of the CD34 marker (0.47%). Additionally, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) findings confirmed high expression of the fibromodulin gene in the transfected fibroblast cells. In vivo studies demonstrated that the animals treated with fibroblast cells transfected with fibromodulin (V + G+) exhibited significantly improved wound contraction on day 7 (i.e., contraction percentage: 21.79 ± 9.96%, compared with 7.23 ± 2.30% in the PBS-treated group). Histopathological studies also indicated improvements in angiogenesis score and collagen density score in the animals treated with the V + G + group. CONCLUSION The results of this study showed that fibroblast cells expressing the fibromodulin gene improve wound contraction and some histological parameters in the deep wound model of the rat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Negar Abdollahzadeh
- Department of Advanced Technologies, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Mehran Vatanchian
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Pathology, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Oroojalian
- Department of Advanced Technologies, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
- Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Seyed Ehsan Enderami
- Immunogenetics Research Center, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Amir Amani
- Department of Advanced Technologies, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran.
- Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran.
| | - Reza Salarinia
- Department of Advanced Technologies, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran.
- Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ferri M, Ganzerli F, Portone A, Petrachi T, Veronesi E, Morselli D, Degli Esposti M, Fabbri P. Skin Barrier Restoration by Waste-Derived Multifunctional Adhesive Hydrogel Based on Tannin-Modified Chitosan. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2025. [PMID: 40388263 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5c03066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2025]
Abstract
The development of multifunctional materials that actively enhance the wound healing process is critically important in addressing clinical and public healthcare challenges. Here, we report a multifunctional hydrogel obtained through physical cross-linking of chitosan and wood tannins for active wound management. Tannins, as polyphenolic wood-waste derivatives, act both as multifunctional additives and cross-linking agents, resulting in a stable and highly swellable hydrogel (>2000%·mg-1). The dressing is produced in the form of a dry and rigid film for easy transportation. After swelling, the material exhibits adequate Young's modulus (∼7 MPa, comparable to the stratum corneum's stiffness), improved flexibility, and suitable adhesion strength to adapt to joint movements. Polyphenolic tannins also provide the material with high antioxidant activity against DPPH radicals (100% RSA), showing potential for preventing complications during the inflammation phase. Moreover, tannins can completely block skin-damaging UV light without significantly altering the material's transparency, thus allowing constant visual wound monitoring. Wound healing investigations on abdominoplasty-derived skin demonstrated that tannins enhance the normal skin barrier restoration process, thereby facilitating the transition toward wound regeneration. This work offers a sustainable strategy for valorizing agri-food waste in a fully biobased material to address active wound management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Ferri
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering (DICAM), Università di Bologna, Via Terracini 28, Bologna 40131, Italy
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Via Giusti 9, Firenze 50121, Italy
| | - Francesco Ganzerli
- Tecnopolo Mario Veronesi, Via 29 Maggio 6, Mirandola, Modena 41037, Italy
| | - Alberto Portone
- Tecnopolo Mario Veronesi, Via 29 Maggio 6, Mirandola, Modena 41037, Italy
| | - Tiziana Petrachi
- Tecnopolo Mario Veronesi, Via 29 Maggio 6, Mirandola, Modena 41037, Italy
| | - Elena Veronesi
- Tecnopolo Mario Veronesi, Via 29 Maggio 6, Mirandola, Modena 41037, Italy
| | - Davide Morselli
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering (DICAM), Università di Bologna, Via Terracini 28, Bologna 40131, Italy
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Via Giusti 9, Firenze 50121, Italy
| | - Micaela Degli Esposti
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering (DICAM), Università di Bologna, Via Terracini 28, Bologna 40131, Italy
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Via Giusti 9, Firenze 50121, Italy
| | - Paola Fabbri
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering (DICAM), Università di Bologna, Via Terracini 28, Bologna 40131, Italy
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Via Giusti 9, Firenze 50121, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Xia W, Shan J, Lutsenko V, Cheng Z, Liu Y, Xu J, Yu S, Peng Z, Yuan H, Hu W. Inactivation of antibiotic resistant bacteria by ruthenium-doped carbon dots capable of photodynamic generation of intracellular and extracellular reactive oxygen species. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2025; 176:214344. [PMID: 40381386 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2025.214344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2025] [Revised: 05/06/2025] [Accepted: 05/09/2025] [Indexed: 05/20/2025]
Abstract
Wound infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) present a significant challenge to wound healing. This has motivated the development of novel antibiotic-free agents. In this study, ruthenium-doped carbon dots (Ru-CDs) with photodynamic antibacterial activity were synthesized to treat MRSA-infected skin wounds. The Ru-CDs were prepared via a hydrothermal method using Ru-Aphen as the nitrogen source and citric acid as the carbon source, resulting in uniform spherical nanoparticles with an average size of 2.7 ± 0.8 nm. Singlet oxygen generation was observed when the Ru-CDs were exposed to light. In vitro experiments showed concentration- and light-dependent antibacterial activity of the Ru-CDs against MRSA, with 99.9 % bacterial reduction when treated with 100 μg/mL Ru-CDs under light for 10 min. A significant level of intracellular ROS was observed, and microscopy confirmed bacterial membrane disruption. Biocompatibility tests showed no significant toxicity, and in vivo studies on rabbit wound models demonstrated effective antibacterial activity under light conditions and enhanced wound healing compared to controls. The results collectively highlight the potential of Ru-CDs as an antibiotic-free agent for treating antibiotic resistant bacterial infections through photodynamic generation of extracellular ROS and induction of intracellular ROS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weibo Xia
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, United States
| | - Jia Shan
- Department of Radiation Physics and Technology, Dezhou Second People's Hospital, Dezhou 253000, China
| | - Vladyslav Lutsenko
- Intelligent Manufacturing College, Wenzhou Polytechnic, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Zhang Cheng
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, United States
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, United States
| | - Jinjia Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63121, United States
| | - Shiqiang Yu
- Intelligent Manufacturing College, Wenzhou Polytechnic, Wenzhou 325000, China; Zhejiang Liqiang Packaging Technology Co., LTD, Wenzhou 325088, China
| | - Zheng Peng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, People's Hospital of Quzhou, Quzhou 32400, China.
| | - Heyang Yuan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, United States.
| | - Wenfei Hu
- Intelligent Manufacturing College, Wenzhou Polytechnic, Wenzhou 325000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zaborniak I, Sroka M, Wilk K, Cieślik A, Raczkowska J, Spilarewicz K, Janiszewska N, Awsiuk K, Wolski K, Pielichowska K, Błoniarz P, Kisiel K, Bednarenko M, Matyjaszewski K, Chmielarz P. Functionalization of Cotton by Thermoresponsive Polymer Brushes for Potential Use as Smart Dressings. ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS 2025; 7:5646-5660. [PMID: 40370371 PMCID: PMC12070369 DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.5c00534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2025] [Revised: 04/10/2025] [Accepted: 04/10/2025] [Indexed: 05/16/2025]
Abstract
Cotton is the most widely used dressing material due to its universal availability, affordability, high biodegradability, and ease of recyclability. Modern and advanced techniques for controlled polymer grafting onto its surface enhance and precisely tailor cotton's properties. These improvements contribute to the healing process by preventing adhesion to wounds, facilitating the absorption of body fluids, and enabling the design of innovative dressings capable of the controlled release of active substances. Therefore, this study presents the grafting of thermoresponsive polymer brushes composed of di(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (DEGMA) and poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (OEGMA, Mn ∼ 500) onto a cotton surface using surface-initiated supplemental activator and reducing agent atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-SARA ATRP). By precisely adjusting the composition of DEGMA and OEGMA500, we achieved precise control over the polymer layer's lower critical solution temperature (LCST) behavior. The LCST of the copolymers formed in the reaction mixture in the presence of the functionalized surface was analyzed via transmittance measurements. Furthermore, the thermoresponsive properties of the polymer layer grafted onto the cotton surface were evaluated through water contact angle (WCA) measurements at varying temperatures. In addition, the temperature-dependent protein adsorption of the polymer-functionalized cotton was examined to assess the potential dressing's adherence to wounds. Finally, the resulting materials were tested for residual copper content and cytotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Zaborniak
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology, al. Powstańców Warszawy 6, Rzeszów 35-959, Poland
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Ave., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Michał Sroka
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology, al. Powstańców Warszawy 6, Rzeszów 35-959, Poland
| | - Kamil Wilk
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology, al. Powstańców Warszawy 6, Rzeszów 35-959, Poland
| | - Anna Cieślik
- Doctoral
School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian
University, Łojasiewicza 11, Kraków 30-348, Poland
- Faculty
of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, M. Smoluchowski
Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Łojasiewicza 11, Kraków 30-348, Poland
| | - Joanna Raczkowska
- Faculty
of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, M. Smoluchowski
Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Łojasiewicza 11, Kraków 30-348, Poland
| | - Kaja Spilarewicz
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, Kraków 30-387, Poland
| | - Natalia Janiszewska
- Doctoral
School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian
University, Łojasiewicza 11, Kraków 30-348, Poland
- Faculty
of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, M. Smoluchowski
Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Łojasiewicza 11, Kraków 30-348, Poland
| | - Kamil Awsiuk
- Faculty
of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, M. Smoluchowski
Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Łojasiewicza 11, Kraków 30-348, Poland
| | - Karol Wolski
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, Kraków 30-387, Poland
| | - Kinga Pielichowska
- Department
of Glass Technology and Amorphous Coatings, Faculty of Materials Science
and Ceramics, AGH University of Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 30, Kraków 30-059, Poland
| | - Paweł Błoniarz
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology, al. Powstańców Warszawy 6, Rzeszów 35-959, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kisiel
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology, al. Powstańców Warszawy 6, Rzeszów 35-959, Poland
- Doctoral
School of the Rzeszow University of Technology, Rzeszow University of Technology, al. Powstańców Warszawy 8, Rzeszów 35-959, Poland
| | - Magdalena Bednarenko
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology, al. Powstańców Warszawy 6, Rzeszów 35-959, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Ave., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Paweł Chmielarz
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology, al. Powstańców Warszawy 6, Rzeszów 35-959, Poland
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Ave., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Gu H, Sun X, Bao H, Feng X, Chen Y. Optically pH-Sensing in smart wound dressings towards real-time monitoring of wound states: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2025; 1350:343808. [PMID: 40155158 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2025.343808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2025] [Accepted: 02/14/2025] [Indexed: 04/01/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the recent years, the investigations on wound dressings have been undergoing significant evolution, and now smart dressings with the function of the real-time monitoring of the wound states have been recognized as one of the most advanced treatment modalities. Among a variety of wound-related biomarkers, pH represents a promising candidate for in situ supervising the wound healing status. In this regard, a variety of optically pH sensing agents have been widely incorporated into different types of wound dressings. RESULTS Herein, we first presented an overview of the advanced wound dressings, especially those commonly used in wound pH sensing. Then, a comprehensive summary of the optical pH sensing agents that could be incorporated into the wound dressings for detecting the pH alteration on the wound bed was described in detail. These materials were classified into colorimetric dyes (i.e., synthetic and plant-based dyes) and fluorescent probes (i.e., small-molecular fluorescein and fluorescent nanomaterials). Each type of pH sensing agent was fully discussed with advantages and limitations for monitoring the wound pH alteration, as well as typical examples of practical applications. To well interpret messages produced by the color-coding dressings, the approaches for defining and communicating color were also summarized, and a proof-of-concept, the smartphone-based remote supervision was particularly highlighted. SIGNIFICANCE This review provides a comprehensive overview of the utilization of optically pH sensing in advanced wound dressings for the real-time monitoring of the wound states. It was expected to be an informative source for the exploitation of novel diagnostic dressings for wound management, and also a reference the for application of these materials in the biosensing of other physiological or pathological fluids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongchun Gu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Xinxing Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Hongyang Bao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Xun Feng
- Department of Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, 110034, China.
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zheng Z, Zhang H, Yang J, Liu X, Chen L, Li W, Mi S, Zhou H, Zheng W, Xue W, Lin D, Ding W, Li S, Huang W, Yang L. Recent advances in structural and functional design of electrospun nanofibers for wound healing. J Mater Chem B 2025; 13:5226-5263. [PMID: 40237139 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb02718c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2025]
Abstract
The global prevalence of acute and chronic wounds has surged, escalating healthcare burdens and necessitating advanced therapeutic strategies for effective wound management. Electrospun nanofibers have emerged as promising biomimetic platforms for tissue engineering and drug delivery, due to their structural resemblance to the native extracellular matrix (ECM), high porosity, and tunable surface-to-volume ratio. Recent advances in structural design have expanded their applications from conventional two-dimensional (2D) wound dressings to multifunctional three-dimensional (3D) architectures, enabling enhanced mechanical adaptability, bioactive molecule loading, and spatiotemporal control over wound microenvironments. These innovations leverage nanofibers' customizable topography and composition to recapitulate critical ECM cues, thereby fostering cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and immunomodulation during tissue regeneration. This review systematically evaluates cutting-edge strategies focusing on optimizing 2D arrangements and the structural design of multilayered and functionally patterned 3D electrospun nanofibers in wound healing applications. We further present the advantages and limitations of various nanofiber structures, along with the key challenges and future directions for advancing electrospun nanofibers specifically designed for enhanced wound healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zesen Zheng
- Department of Burns, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Huihui Zhang
- Department of Burns, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Translation of Medical 3D Printing Application, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Medicine and Biomechanics, National Key Discipline of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jiaxin Yang
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Translation of Medical 3D Printing Application, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Medicine and Biomechanics, National Key Discipline of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xiaoyang Liu
- Department of Burns, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Lianglong Chen
- Department of Burns, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Wenwen Li
- Department of Burns, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Siqi Mi
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Translation of Medical 3D Printing Application, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Medicine and Biomechanics, National Key Discipline of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Hai Zhou
- Department of Burns, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Weihan Zheng
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Translation of Medical 3D Printing Application, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Medicine and Biomechanics, National Key Discipline of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Medical Innovation Platform for Translation of 3D Printing Application, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Wanting Xue
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Translation of Medical 3D Printing Application, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Medicine and Biomechanics, National Key Discipline of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Dongxin Lin
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Translation of Medical 3D Printing Application, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Medicine and Biomechanics, National Key Discipline of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Wanting Ding
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Translation of Medical 3D Printing Application, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Medicine and Biomechanics, National Key Discipline of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Shiyu Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Basic Medicine and Public Hygiene, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Wenhua Huang
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Translation of Medical 3D Printing Application, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Medicine and Biomechanics, National Key Discipline of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Medical Innovation Platform for Translation of 3D Printing Application, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Burns, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhang J, Hou C, Yu H, Newton MAA, Xin B, Li T. Electrospinning Trilayer Dressing of PLA/ZnO with Controlled Released Profiles for Visible pH Monitoring and Effective Exudate Management. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2025; 41:11192-11204. [PMID: 40266576 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c01044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/24/2025]
Abstract
To address persistent challenges in wound care, including exudate management, infection prevention, and healing monitoring, this study developed a multifunctional fiber dressing using electrospinning technology. The system integrates a patterned hydrophobic polylactic acid/zinc oxide (PLA/ZnO) inner layer providing antimicrobial protection and exudate drainage; a polyacrylonitrile/polydopamine (PAN/PDA) intermediate water transport layer enabling unidirectional exudate transfer; and an outer PAN-based functional membrane incorporating sodium polyacrylate (SPA), phenol red (PSP), and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) for controlled drug release and visual wound status monitoring. The comprehensive evaluation revealed exceptional performance: rapid exudate removal within 3.35 s, 96 h sustained antibacterial drug release (68.6% cumulative release), pH-responsive chromatic transition (yellow-to-red at pH 5-9), and significant antimicrobial efficacy against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus (inhibition zone diameters of 10 and 18 mm, respectively). The dressing exhibited a balance of mechanical strength (6.1 MPa tensile strength) and breathability (13.4 mm/s air permeability rate). By integrating three core functions─efficient exudate management, antimicrobial regulation, and intelligent healing monitoring─this multifunctional architecture demonstrates clinical applicability in postoperative care and chronic wound therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- Shanghai University of Engineering Science, No.333, Longteng Road, Songjiang District, Shanghai CN 201620, P. R. of China
| | - Chao Hou
- Shanghai University of Engineering Science, No.333, Longteng Road, Songjiang District, Shanghai CN 201620, P. R. of China
| | - He Yu
- Shanghai University of Engineering Science, No.333, Longteng Road, Songjiang District, Shanghai CN 201620, P. R. of China
| | - Md All Amin Newton
- Shanghai University of Engineering Science, No.333, Longteng Road, Songjiang District, Shanghai CN 201620, P. R. of China
| | - Binjie Xin
- Shanghai University of Engineering Science, No.333, Longteng Road, Songjiang District, Shanghai CN 201620, P. R. of China
| | - Tingxiao Li
- Shanghai University of Engineering Science, No.333, Longteng Road, Songjiang District, Shanghai CN 201620, P. R. of China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wang J, Song N, Yin L, Cui Z, Wang Y, Zhou C, Li J, Qin J. Self-healing hydrogel based on oxidized pectin with grafted dopamine as gallic acid carrier for burn wound treatment. Int J Biol Macromol 2025; 306:141826. [PMID: 40057080 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.141826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2024] [Revised: 02/25/2025] [Accepted: 03/05/2025] [Indexed: 03/14/2025]
Abstract
When the barrier function of the skin tissue is destroyed, the burn wound is prone to bacterial infection and difficult to repair during the healing process. Therefore, there is an urgent need to design functional dressing materials to promote burn wound repairing. In this research, injectable hydrogel with mussel-inspired tissue adhesion was fabricated from dopamine grafted oxidized pectin (OP-DA) and hydrazide terminated polyethylene oxide (PEO-AH) as dressing material for burn wounds. The catechol moiety on the grafted dopamine (DA) enhanced the tissue adhesion of hydrogel and the wound sealing performance, which can well adhere onto the skin to cover irregular wounds for consistent sealing under body moving. On this basis, the hydrogel also showed hemostatic performance based on liver and tail hemostasis model. The hydrogel was further loaded with gallic acid (GA) to enhance the antibacterial property to E. coli and S. aureus to inhibit wound infection. Along with good biocompatibility and biodegradability, the hydrogel showed improved burn wound repairing performance to second-degree burn wound models on mice. As a result, the OP-DA/PEO-AH hydrogel showed great advantage as GA carrier in wound healing applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junling Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Nannan Song
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Liping Yin
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Zhe Cui
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis Mechanism and Control of Inflammatory-autoimmune Diseases in Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Chengyan Zhou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Jianheng Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
| | - Jianglei Qin
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis Mechanism and Control of Inflammatory-autoimmune Diseases in Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Khazaei S, Tanhaei B, Movaghar Khoshkho S, Niknam Shahrak M. Development of multifunctional agar/κ-carrageenan/kaolinite hydrogels: Role of tetracycline and marshmallow extract loading in antibacterial and controlled release properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2025; 308:142092. [PMID: 40120909 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.142092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2024] [Revised: 03/02/2025] [Accepted: 03/12/2025] [Indexed: 03/25/2025]
Abstract
This study introduces an innovative CAK hydrogel composite enhanced with tetracycline (TC) and Althaea Officinalis Extract (AOE), designed to address key challenges in wound dressing applications. The novelty lies in the hydrogel's unique dual-drug incorporation and micelle-based delivery approach, which significantly improves drug release control and mechanical properties. Incorporation of bioactive AOE and optimization using Triton X - 100 at its critical micelle concentration (CMC) lead to distinct structural transformations, such as spherical aperture formation and matrix expansion, enabling superior swelling and controlled drug release behavior. Advanced modeling, including the Korsmeyer-Peppas and Higuchi models, reveals non-Fickian diffusion mechanisms, while Response Surface Methodology (RSM) identifies optimal hydrogel parameters, achieving substantial drug release over extended durations. Mechanical evaluations highlight the drug-loaded hydrogel's exceptional tensile strength, elasticity, and energy absorption, surpassing conventional formulations and offering a mechanically robust solution. Antibacterial testing further confirms its efficacy against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, supporting its potential as a next-generation wound dressing material.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Khazaei
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Quchan University of Technology, Quchan, Iran
| | - Bahareh Tanhaei
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Quchan University of Technology, Quchan, Iran.
| | | | - Mahdi Niknam Shahrak
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Quchan University of Technology, Quchan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhang Y, Zheng Z, Zhu S, Xu L, Zhang Q, Gao J, Ye M, Shen S, Xing J, Wu M, Xu RX. Electroactive Electrospun Nanofibrous Scaffolds: Innovative Approaches for Improved Skin Wound Healing. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2025; 12:e2416267. [PMID: 40190057 PMCID: PMC12079356 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202416267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2025] [Indexed: 05/16/2025]
Abstract
The incidence and burden of skin wounds, especially chronic and complex wounds, have a profound impact on healthcare. Effective wound healing strategies require a multidisciplinary approach, and advances in materials science and bioengineering have paved the way for the development of novel wound healing dressing. In this context, electrospun nanofibers can mimic the architecture of the natural extracellular matrix and provide new opportunities for wound healing. Inspired by the bioelectric phenomena in the human body, electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds with electroactive characteristics are gaining widespread attention and gradually emerging. To this end, this review first summarizes the basic process of wound healing, the causes of chronic wounds, and the current status of clinical treatment, highlighting the urgency and importance of wound dressings. Then, the biological effects of electric fields, the preparation materials, and manufacturing techniques of electroactive electrospun nanofibrous (EEN) scaffolds are discussed. The latest progress of EEN scaffolds in enhancing skin wound healing is systematically reviewed, mainly including treatment and monitoring. Finally, the importance of EEN scaffold strategies to enhance wound healing is emphasized, and the challenges and prospects of EEN scaffolds are summarized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Department of RehabilitationThe First Affiliated Hospital of USTCDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230027P. R. China
- Department of Precision Machinery and InstrumentationSchool of Engineering ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230027P. R. China
| | - Zhiyuan Zheng
- Department of Precision Machinery and InstrumentationSchool of Engineering ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230027P. R. China
| | - Shilu Zhu
- School of Biomedical EngineeringDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230027P. R. China
- Suzhou Institute for Advanced ResearchUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaSuzhou215000China
| | - Liang Xu
- School of Biomedical EngineeringDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230027P. R. China
- Suzhou Institute for Advanced ResearchUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaSuzhou215000China
| | - Qingdong Zhang
- Department of Precision Machinery and InstrumentationSchool of Engineering ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230027P. R. China
- School of Biomedical EngineeringDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230027P. R. China
- Suzhou Institute for Advanced ResearchUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaSuzhou215000China
| | - Jie Gao
- School of Biomedical EngineeringDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230027P. R. China
- Suzhou Institute for Advanced ResearchUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaSuzhou215000China
| | - Min Ye
- School of Biomedical EngineeringDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230027P. R. China
- Suzhou Institute for Advanced ResearchUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaSuzhou215000China
| | - Shuwei Shen
- School of Biomedical EngineeringDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230027P. R. China
- Suzhou Institute for Advanced ResearchUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaSuzhou215000China
| | - Jinyu Xing
- Department of Precision Machinery and InstrumentationSchool of Engineering ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230027P. R. China
| | - Ming Wu
- Department of RehabilitationThe First Affiliated Hospital of USTCDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230027P. R. China
| | - Ronald X. Xu
- Department of Precision Machinery and InstrumentationSchool of Engineering ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230027P. R. China
- School of Biomedical EngineeringDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230027P. R. China
- Suzhou Institute for Advanced ResearchUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaSuzhou215000China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Alipour A, Nejati O, Yaşayan G, Girgin A, Zaman BT, Giray B, Karal‐Yılmaz O, Bakırdere S, Bal‐Öztürk A. Multilayer Antibacterial Hydrogel Wound Dressings Incorporated With Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles. Drug Dev Res 2025; 86:e70102. [PMID: 40341660 PMCID: PMC12060213 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.70102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2025] [Revised: 04/23/2025] [Accepted: 05/01/2025] [Indexed: 05/10/2025]
Abstract
Multilayer antibacterial hydrogel wound dressings were fabricated and characterized for wound healing applications. Dressings are designed to achieve infection control, moisture management in the wound area and to support wound healing. Multilayer wound dressings were prepared as three layers by solvent casting method. The upper layer is composed of kappa carrageenan and green synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs, ~122 nm in size, zeta potential of -35 mV) to provide the moist control, and to form a barrier against microorganism attack. Lidocaine HCl loaded polyvinyl alcohol and chitosan-based middle layer was designed to achieve controlled drug release and to add strength to the hydrogel structure. The lower layer is composed of hyaluronic acid and ovalbumin to serve a controlling membrane for controlled drug release, and to further support wound healing. Different amounts of AgNPs were used in formulations to evaluate their impact on multilayer wound dressings. The incorporation of AgNPs resulted in reduced swelling values and degradation rates of the multilayer wound dressings, enhanced mechanical capabilities, and no significant change in water vapor permeability values. They have demonstrated enhanced antibacterial efficacy against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bacillus subtilis and Candida albicans. The optimal multilayered hydrogel, incorporating AgNPs and loaded with lidocaine HCl, has shown biocompatibility and hemocompatibility, exhibiting 60% degradation by day 14, water vapor permeability of 2022 ± 460 g/m2 over 24 h, a tensile strength of 6.71 ± 0.62 MPa, 36.38% ± 3.62% elongation at break, and 65.72% ± 14.80% drug release within 10 h, making it a promising candidate for facilitating the wound healing process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Alipour
- Department of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Graduate Educationİstinye UniversityİstanbulTürkiye
| | - Omid Nejati
- Department of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Graduate Educationİstinye UniversityİstanbulTürkiye
| | - Gökçen Yaşayan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of PharmacyYeditepe UniversityİstanbulTürkiye
| | - Ayça Girgin
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Art and ScienceYıldız Technical UniversityİstanbulTürkiye
| | - Buse Tuğba Zaman
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Art and ScienceYıldız Technical UniversityİstanbulTürkiye
| | - Betül Giray
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacyİstinye UniversityİstanbulTürkiye
| | - Okşan Karal‐Yılmaz
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architectureİstanbul Beykent University, SariyerİstanbulTurkey
| | - Sezgin Bakırdere
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Art and ScienceYıldız Technical UniversityİstanbulTürkiye
- Turkish Academy of Sciences (TÜBA)AnkaraTürkiye
| | - Ayça Bal‐Öztürk
- Department of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Graduate Educationİstinye UniversityİstanbulTürkiye
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacyİstinye UniversityİstanbulTürkiye
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Application and Research Center (ISUKOK)İstinye UniversityİstanbulTürkiye
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhao Z, Wang Y, Jia L, Wei Q, Zhang W, Hu Z, Wu Q. An antioxidant, antibacterial, and immunoregulatory konjac glucomannan-based nanocomposite hydrogel for promoting skin wound healing. Int J Biol Macromol 2025; 307:141791. [PMID: 40054805 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.141791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2025] [Accepted: 03/04/2025] [Indexed: 05/07/2025]
Abstract
Managing open skin wounds remains a notable challenge in clinical practice, with wound dressings gradually becoming an essential strategy for such treatment. To effectively regulate the wound healing microenvironment, we developed an antibiotic-free nanocomposite hydrogel by combining guanosine-based supramolecular G-quadruplexes (G4), angiogenic deferoxamine (DFO), konjac glucomannan (KGM), and zinc ions through a one-pot mixing strategy. The borate esters in G4 endow the hydrogel with a strong radical-scavenging ability. As a mannose-containing polysaccharide, KGM does not affect the self-assembly of G-quartets and also induces macrophage polarization toward the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype without requiring expensive exogenous cytokines. Zinc ions were introduced to enhance the hydrogel's mechanical properties by forming coordination interactions with DFO and endowing the hydrogel with excellent antibacterial properties. Collectively, this biocompatible hydrogel accelerates skin wound closure and promotes mature tissue regeneration by stimulating macrophage polarization toward the M2 phenotype, expediting collagen deposition, alleviating inflammation, and enhancing angiogenesis. Overall, this multifunctional hydrogel can serve as a versatile wound dressing material in regenerative medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zonghui Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
| | - Yuke Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Henan Engineering Research Centre of Chiral Hydroxyl Pharmaceutical, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Liyang Jia
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Henan Engineering Research Centre of Chiral Hydroxyl Pharmaceutical, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Qingcong Wei
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Henan Engineering Research Centre of Chiral Hydroxyl Pharmaceutical, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China.
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Henan Engineering Research Centre of Chiral Hydroxyl Pharmaceutical, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Zhiguo Hu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Henan Engineering Research Centre of Chiral Hydroxyl Pharmaceutical, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China.
| | - Qing Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Wang L, Liu Y, Duan W, Cao F, Lv Q, Zhang S, She J, Yang L, He B, Hou Y, Kong L, Dai T, Ning R, Cai B. Sprayable oxidized cellulose nanofiber hydrogel with rapid hemostatic ability for skin wound healing. Int J Biol Macromol 2025; 310:143264. [PMID: 40250657 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.143264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2025] [Revised: 03/29/2025] [Accepted: 04/15/2025] [Indexed: 04/20/2025]
Abstract
Wound healing, especially hemostasis, requires rapid bleeding control for tissue regeneration. Although TEMPO-mediated oxidized cellulose nanofibers (TOCN) are commonly used in hemostatic materials clinically, Scarce research has explored TOCN as the sole component in sprayable hydrogels for hemostasis and wound repair. In this study, we successfully formulated a sprayable hydrogel composed solely of TOCN and water. We evaluated its effectiveness in achieving rapid hemostasis and promoting skin wound healing via comprehensive in vitro and in vivo experiments. Our findings indicate that the uniformly sized nanoscale oxidized cellulose, obtained via ultrasonic fragmentation, can form a non-crosslinked three-dimensional network in water, resembling a hydrogel. The TOCN hydrogel exhibits excellent biocompatibility and coagulation properties. When compared to sodium alginate, TOCN hydrogel demonstrates superior hemostatic results, effectively stopping bleeding in a rat liver hemostasis model. Additionally, the sprayable TOCN hydrogel showed outstanding efficacy in a rat skin-defect model, achieving complete wound closure and regeneration of dermal and epidermal tissues, including sebaceous glands and hair follicles, by day 15. Its significant hemostatic effect and promotion of wound healing were further validated in a porcine wound model. In conclusion, the study highlights the great clinical potential of TOCN-based sprayable hydrogel for hemostasis and skin healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Le Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Ya Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China; College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Wentao Duan
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Smart Sensors, Academy of Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, Xidian University, Xi'an 710126, China
| | - Feng Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Qianxin Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Sijia Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Smart Sensors, Academy of Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, Xidian University, Xi'an 710126, China; Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products/Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, China
| | - Jianzhen She
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Luying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Boling He
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Liang Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Taiqiang Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Ruizhi Ning
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Smart Sensors, Academy of Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, Xidian University, Xi'an 710126, China.
| | - Bolei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhang W, Liu Y, Zhang L, Shen X. Development of hyaluronic acid-based hydrogels for chronic diabetic wound healing: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2025; 308:142273. [PMID: 40112998 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.142273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2025] [Accepted: 03/17/2025] [Indexed: 03/22/2025]
Abstract
This research delves into the advancements in chronic skin wound treatment, with a particular focus on diabetic foot ulcers, utilizing hyaluronic acid (HA)-based hydrogels. Hyaluronic acid, an integral component of the skin's extracellular matrix, plays a crucial role in process such as inflammation, angiogenesis, and tissue regeneration. Due to their three-dimensional network structure, biocompatibility, hydrophilicity, and gas exchange capabilities, HA-based hydrogels are considered highly suitable for promoting wound healing. Nonetheless, pure HA hydrogels exhibit limitations including insufficient mechanical strength and rapid release of encapsulated substances. To address these limitations, the incorporation of bioactive materials such as chitosan and collagen was investigated. This combination not only optimized mechanical strength and degradation rates but also enhanced antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. Furthermore, responsive hydrogel dressings were developed to adapt to the specific characteristics of the diabetic wound microenvironment, enabling on-demand drug release. These advancements present new perspectives for the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Offshore Environmental Pollution Control, Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, PR China
| | - Yang Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Offshore Environmental Pollution Control, Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, PR China.
| | - Ling Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Offshore Environmental Pollution Control, Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, PR China
| | - Xinni Shen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Offshore Environmental Pollution Control, Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhao S, Zhao W, Wang N, Ling J, Ouyang XK. A sustained H 2S-releasing nanocellulose-based hydrogel with anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties for promoting infected wound healing. Carbohydr Polym 2025; 355:123424. [PMID: 40037740 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2025.123424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2025] [Accepted: 02/19/2025] [Indexed: 03/06/2025]
Abstract
Infected wounds present unique challenges during healing, often characterized by prolonged inflammation and delayed tissue recovery. To address these issues, we developed a composite hydrogel (CAEG), which integrated a hydrogen sulfide (H2S) donor (GYY4137), carboxylated nanocellulose (CNF-C) and ε-polylysine (ε-PL). This hydrogel was designed to enhance wound healing by mitigating inflammation and preventing infections. In vitro studies demonstrated that CAEG hydrogel facilitated cell migration, angiogenesis, and macrophage polarization toward the M2 anti-inflammatory phenotype through controlled H2S release. The ε-PL component provided additional antibacterial effects via electrostatic interactions. In vivo experiments confirmed that the CAEG hydrogel effectively accelerated wound closure in full-thickness skin infected wounds. These findings highlighted the CAEG hydrogel's potential as a promising tool for treating infected wounds by leveraging its dual anti-inflammatory and antibacterial capabilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuhan Zhao
- School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China
| | - Wei Zhao
- School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China
| | - Nan Wang
- School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China
| | - Junhong Ling
- School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China.
| | - Xiao-Kun Ouyang
- School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Geneidy AK, Abdelnaby MA, Habib DA, Elbedaiwy HM, Shoueir KR. Green synthesis of a lactoferrin-infused silver nanoparticle gel for enhanced wound healing. Sci Rep 2025; 15:15243. [PMID: 40307339 PMCID: PMC12043868 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-94450-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2025] [Indexed: 05/02/2025] Open
Abstract
The study analyzed the benefits of nano-silver (AgNPs) in reducing side effects and enhancing efficacy, highlighting the advantages compared to silver ions. The study examined the production of AgNPs-lactoferrin complexes (AgNPs-LTF) using bovine lactoferrin (LTF) at 1, 2, and 4 mM concentrations. The objective was to create an AgNPs-LTF gel with Carbopol as the base and assess its effectiveness in enhancing wound healing in rats. UV-Vis, PL, FTIR, and XRD analyses confirmed the synthesis of AgNPs. Microscopic examinations (TEM and SEM) showed mainly spherical AgNPs in the AgNPs-LTF samples, with diameters between 11 and 27 nm. The AgNPs-LTF gel with biologically processed AgNPs demonstrated effective infection control and enhanced wound healing outcomes. In Sprague-Dawley rats, the 4 mM AgNPs-LTF gel demonstrated significant wound closure, achieving complete closure by day 10, exceeding the healing rates of both the LTF and control groups. The AgNPs-LTF complex demonstrated high robustness and exceeded the performance of native LTF, exhibiting similar toxicity levels to AgNPs. The study shows the effectiveness of AgNPs-LTF gel in wound treatment, indicating its potential as a viable treatment option.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed K Geneidy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Maii A Abdelnaby
- Department of Pharmacy Technology, Faculty of Technological Health Sciences, Borg Al Arab Technological University, Alexandria, Egypt
- Ministry of Health and Population, Health Affairs Directorate, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Doaa A Habib
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alsalam University, Kafr El Zayat, Egypt
| | - Heba M Elbedaiwy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt.
| | - Kamel R Shoueir
- Institute of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wang H, Song L, Chen C, Li K, Wei M, Wang M, Li N, Yang M, Yuan W. Mechanically Adaptive, Self-Adhesive, Conductive, Cross-Linked Interpenetrating Zwitterionic Hydrogel Sensor for Simultaneous Wound Healing and Monitoring. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2025; 17:24963-24976. [PMID: 40241301 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5c00974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2025]
Abstract
Hydrogel-based flexible biosensors can monitor biological parameters by responding to changes in the external environment, such as humidity, temperature, pH value, etc., which are converted into electrical signals or other measurable physical quantities. However, balancing biosensors' mechanical, adhesion, and electrical properties is challenging. Here, we design a multifunctional zwitterionic hydrogel-based biosensor with a cross-linked interpenetrating network structure, which consists of covalent and various noncovalent interactions, creating synergistic effects. The unique structure endows the hydrogel with excellent mechanical properties (0.13 ± 0.03 MPa), mechanical stability (10 cycles), and robust bonding strength (32 ± 2 KPa). Remarkably, the synergistic effect gives the hydrogels high conductivity (4.01 ± 0.2 S/m) and sensing ability (GF = 6.28). Noticeably, this synergistic effect improves the comprehensive performance of traditional biosensors and simultaneously endows them with wound-healing monitoring functions. Therefore, multifunctional and high-performance hydrogel-based flexible biosensors display great potential for application in intelligent wound management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haihua Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Advanced Performance Materials and Polymers, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xuefu Road, Weiyang District, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Ling Song
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Advanced Performance Materials and Polymers, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xuefu Road, Weiyang District, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Chaoxian Chen
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Advanced Performance Materials and Polymers, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xuefu Road, Weiyang District, Xi'an 710021, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry-and Physics of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering of Jiangxi Province, School of Medical Information Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Ke Li
- Xian Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Common Aging Diseases, Translational and Research Centre for Prevention and Therapy of Chronic Disease, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an-Medical University, Xian 710021, China
| | - Meng Wei
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Advanced Performance Materials and Polymers, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xuefu Road, Weiyang District, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Mengxi Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Advanced Performance Materials and Polymers, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xuefu Road, Weiyang District, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Na Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Advanced Performance Materials and Polymers, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xuefu Road, Weiyang District, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Mengfan Yang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Advanced Performance Materials and Polymers, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xuefu Road, Weiyang District, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Advanced Performance Materials and Polymers, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xuefu Road, Weiyang District, Xi'an 710021, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Altharawi A, Aldakhil T, A. Alossaimi M. Synthesis of Rh-MOF/PVA-PVP nanofibers for skin cancer and infection inhibition. Front Chem 2025; 13:1575183. [PMID: 40357128 PMCID: PMC12066281 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2025.1575183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2025] [Accepted: 04/15/2025] [Indexed: 05/15/2025] Open
Abstract
Using electrospinning for nanofiber production, we can create unique materials with multiple applications in various industries, including medical bandages and wound dressings. One of the most important features of these materials and using the electrospinning technique, is the incorporation of compounds and metals into their structure. In this study, a new metal-organic framework (MOF) was synthesized from rhodium, a metal with significant biological potential, which was then used to produce new nanofibers using electrospinning technique, (Rh-MOF/PVA-PVP nanofiber) by mixing polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). The newly synthesized nanofiber was tested against common microbial skin pathogens and cancer cells, showing significant inhibition. Specifically, an IC50 value of 19.45 μg/mL against cancer cells and MIC values ranging from 4 μg/mL to 64 μg/mL μg against skin pathogenic strains were observed. This notable inhibitory ability can be attributed to both physical characteristics (with specific surface area of 2,348 m2/g), and chemical factors, including the active compounds present in its rhodium (Rh) structure. The synthesized Rh-MOF/PVA-PVP nanofiber has the potential for use in developing bioactive bandages, and wound dressings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Altharawi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Han H. An Investigation into the Structure of Wound-Healing Materials, Chemical Materials, Nature-Based Materials, and Wound Monitoring. Biomimetics (Basel) 2025; 10:270. [PMID: 40422100 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics10050270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2025] [Revised: 04/22/2025] [Accepted: 04/22/2025] [Indexed: 05/28/2025] Open
Abstract
With the recent development of advanced industries, in addition to simple abrasions, the demand for wound dressing is gradually increasing in fields such as diabetes care. Factors affecting wound healing include pH, temperature, genetic factors, stress, smoking, and obesity, and studies on these are also increasing. In addition, studies on hydrogels, electrospun nanofibers, foams, films, plant-based materials, chitosan, gelatin, 3D printing, and chemosensors for wound healing are also increasing. However, although there are many data related to wound healing, there are not many studies that have systematically divided them into structures, materials, and monitoring through a review of the literature. Therefore, based on various studies on wound healing, wound-healing materials were classified into structures (films, foams, gauzes, and electrospun nanofibers), chemical materials, nature-based materials, and monitoring sensors, and a literature review was conducted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- HyeRee Han
- Department of Beauty Art Care, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Wang F, Deng S, Song C, Fu X, Zhang N, Li Q, Li Y, Zhan J, Jiang Y, Liu M, Chen M, Hu Y, Huang KJ, Yang H, Chen Z, Cai R, Tan W. Pd@Au Nanoframe Hydrogels for Closed-Loop Wound Therapy. ACS NANO 2025; 19:15069-15080. [PMID: 40215083 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5c01864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2025]
Abstract
In this work, a multifunctional Pd@Au nanoframe hydrogel was designed to detect uric acid (UA) for in situ monitoring of wound infection and enhance wound healing by a chemo-photothermal strategy. In acidic conditions, the Pd@Au nanoframe hydrogels show high peroxidase-like activity by catalyzing H2O2 to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) to damage RNAs of bacteria and enhance antibacterial activity. Under Near-infrared (NIR) laser irradiation, the Pd@Au nanoframe hydrogels exhibit photothermal conversion performance; i.e., the color of Pd@Au nanoframe hydrogel solution varies from deep blue (0 s, 25.4 °C) to red (300 s, 50.1 °C) in infrared thermography. After loading the antibacterial mupirocin (M), the as-obtained M Pd@Au nanoframe hydrogels show a maximum cumulative release rate exceeding 90% for mupirocin, as controlled by NIR laser irradiation. In antimicrobial experiments in vitro, M Pd@Au nanoframe hydrogels exhibit NIR laser-driven antibacterial ability; i.e., 98% Escherichia coli are effectively killed in 10 min. After coating rabbit wounds with a UA sensing patch of M Pd@Au nanoframe hydrogels, wound status can be monitored in real time by detecting UA concentration, leading to rapid wound healing in 4 days by a new synergistic effect of chemo-photothermal strategy. This approach successfully confirms a closed-loop strategy, i.e., real-time monitoring the status of a wound and efficiently perform chemo-photothermal wound therapy, for wound healing by combining functional hydrogels, NIR laser irradiation, and pharmaceutical antibacterials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Futing Wang
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Material Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Suping Deng
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Changxiao Song
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Material Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Xiaofei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body, College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Ningbo Zhang
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Material Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Yujin Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Jiajun Zhan
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Material Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Yuting Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body, College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Man Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body, College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Mei Chen
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Material Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Yueqiang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body, College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Ke-Jing Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, China
| | - Hongfen Yang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Material Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Ren Cai
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Material Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Weihong Tan
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Material Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Hangzhou Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Faal M, Faal M, Ahmadi T, Dehgan F. Fabrication and evaluation of polylactic acid-curcumin containing carbon nanotubes (CNTs) wound dressing using electrospinning method with experimental and computational approaches. Sci Rep 2025; 15:13398. [PMID: 40251413 PMCID: PMC12008188 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-98393-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2025] [Indexed: 04/20/2025] Open
Abstract
The development of advanced wound dressings has seen a significant leap with the integration of biodegradable nanofibers. This study introduces an innovative approach by designing polylactic acid (PLA)-curcumin nanofiber wound dressings enhanced with carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Using the electrospinning method, various formulations were crafted, incorporating diverse weight percentages of curcumin and CNTs. Comprehensive analyses, including FT-IR and SEM, confirmed the structural and physical integrity of the nanofibers, while tensile testing revealed a notable enhancement in mechanical strength with the addition of CNTs. Drug release evaluations highlighted a controlled and predictable release pattern of curcumin across all samples. Water absorption tests demonstrated the ability of PLA nanofibers to absorb up to 364%, with PLA-Cur-0.03%CNT samples absorbing 163%, showcasing their adaptability to wound exudates. Importantly, cytotoxicity assessments confirmed the biocompatibility of all samples, with high cell viability observed after 3 and 7 days. Antibacterial tests underscored the efficacy of CNT-incorporated samples, with PLA-Cur-0.05%CNT achieving the highest antibacterial activity at 78.95%. Additionally, using Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations, the transition state, HOMO-LUMO energy, and equilibrium constant were explored, revealing higher equilibrium constants for keto-enol transformations compared to enol-keto in various solvents. Tautomeric conversion is easier in polar solvents due to the stability of charged species. HOMO-LUMO energy analysis revealed the stability and chemical activity of curcumin in solvents. This comprehensive research not only highlighted the mechanical, antibacterial, and drug delivery capabilities of the wound dressing but also provided an innovative approach for designing and optimizing pharmaceutical compounds under challenging chemical environments through advanced modeling and computational techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood Faal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Faal
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Tahmineh Ahmadi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Dehgan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Hu X, Xie D, Li Y, Niu Y, Tan R, She Z, Wang C. A dual-modified glucomannan polysaccharide selectively sequesters growth factors for skin tissue repair. J Control Release 2025; 380:185-198. [PMID: 39894264 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2025.01.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2024] [Revised: 01/22/2025] [Accepted: 01/30/2025] [Indexed: 02/04/2025]
Abstract
Artificial dermal matrixes (ADMs) are valuable clinical options for treating large soft tissue defects, but their suboptimal bioactivities compared with the real tissue limit their therapeutic potential. For example, glycosaminoglycan (GAG) polysaccharides in the native skin vitally and differentially regulate endogenous growth factors (GFs) to maintain tissue homeostasis. However, the GAG used in the current ADMs has often lost such delicate regulation. Here, we developed a novel polysaccharide-based ADM that can promote skin tissue repair through selective modulation of specific pro-healing GFs. First, we prepared a plant-derived backbone of glucomannan (named BSP) - representing the two dominant monosaccharide components in the human body - in mass and homogenic quality. Then, we modified this backbone with sulfate and acetyl groups in a controlled manner to yield an optimized BSP derivative (SMAL-BSP) as a main composition to generate a new ADM. In vitro, SMAL-BSP enabled the ADM to selectively sequester pro-angiogenic GFs of VEGF-A and FGF-2 in situ for stimulating endothelial cell growth. Moreover, the addition of the acetyl group induced macrophages to secrete nitric oxide (NO) with antibacterial activities. Further in vivo tests in a rat model of full-thickness skin wounds indicated that SMAL-BSP ADM could sequester GFs in situ to promote angiogenesis and thus tissue regeneration, with superior effects than conventional chondroitin sulfate-based ADM, while showing no adverse effects often associated with animal-derived products. Our study represents a novel strategy for ADM design, targeting selective GF sequestration towards optimal skin tissue regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Implantable Medical Polymer, Shenzhen Lando Biomaterials, Shenzhen, China
| | - Daping Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | - Yuwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China; Zhuhai UM Science and Technology Research Institute (ZUMRI), University of Macau, Hengqin, China
| | - Yiming Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | - Rongwei Tan
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Implantable Medical Polymer, Shenzhen Lando Biomaterials, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhending She
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Implantable Medical Polymer, Shenzhen Lando Biomaterials, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chunming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Science, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China; Zhuhai UM Science and Technology Research Institute (ZUMRI), University of Macau, Hengqin, China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Wu L, Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Hu J, Ikegami Y, Aishima S, Ijima H. Fast Wound Healing with a New Functional Hyaluronic Acid Dual Network Hydrogel. Gels 2025; 11:266. [PMID: 40277702 PMCID: PMC12027019 DOI: 10.3390/gels11040266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2025] [Revised: 03/24/2025] [Accepted: 04/01/2025] [Indexed: 04/26/2025] Open
Abstract
As dressings for moist wound healing, hyaluronic acid hydrogels play a significant role in maintaining moisture and promoting wound healing. However, existing hydrogel dressings are inadequate in terms of slow gelation time, weak mechanical performance, and fast degradation, which increases the risk of secondary infections during treatment. Therefore, we developed a hyaluronic acid double network hydrogel (DNH). Compared to single-network hydrogels (hydrazone and Diels-Alder), DNH shows a short gelation time (25 s) and strong mechanical properties (Young's modulus = 82 kPa). These advantages enable DNH to immediately fill the irregular shape of the wound after gelation and remain intact after being squeezed. Swelling tests indicated that DNH had a suitable swelling ratio and maintained its structural integrity after swelling. We evaluated the use of DNH as a moist dressing for full-thickness wound healing in vivo. DNH-treated wounds healed faster, with enhanced blood vessel formation and macrophage polarization than gauze-treated wounds. These findings suggest that DNH not only accelerates wound healing but also improves tissue regeneration. Therefore, DNH may be a suitable moist dressing for wound healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lichun Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; (L.W.); (Y.Z.); (J.H.); (Y.I.)
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; (L.W.); (Y.Z.); (J.H.); (Y.I.)
| | - Yi Zhang
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan;
| | - Jia Hu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; (L.W.); (Y.Z.); (J.H.); (Y.I.)
| | - Yasuhiro Ikegami
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; (L.W.); (Y.Z.); (J.H.); (Y.I.)
| | - Shinichi Aishima
- Department of Scientific Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan;
| | - Hiroyuki Ijima
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; (L.W.); (Y.Z.); (J.H.); (Y.I.)
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
You C, Wang C, Ma Z, Yu Q, Liu S. Review on application of silk fibroin hydrogels in the management of wound healing. Int J Biol Macromol 2025; 298:140082. [PMID: 39832605 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.140082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2024] [Revised: 01/06/2025] [Accepted: 01/17/2025] [Indexed: 01/22/2025]
Abstract
Wounds are regarded as disruptions in the integrity of human skin tissues, and the process of wound healing is often characterized as protracted and complex, primarily due to the potential infection or inflammation caused by microorganisms. The quest for innovative solutions that accelerate wound healing while prioritizing patient safety and comfort has emerged as a focal point. Within this pursuit, silkworm silk fibroin-a natural polymer extracted from silk cocoons-exhibits a distinctive combination of properties including biocompatibility, biodegradability, superior mechanical strength, water absorption, and low immunogenicity, which align closely with the demands of contemporary wound care. Its remarkable biocompatibility facilitates seamless integration with host tissues, thereby minimizing the risk of rejection or adverse reactions. Furthermore, its intrinsic degradability permits controlled release of therapeutic agents, promoting an optimal microenvironment conducive to healing. This review investigates the multifaceted potential of silk fibroin specifically as a wound dressing material and examines the intricate nuances associated with its application in hydrogels for wound healing, aiming to furnish a thorough overview for both researchers and clinicians. By scrutinizing underlying mechanisms, current applications, and prospective directions, we aspire to cultivate new insights and inspire innovative strategies within this rapidly evolving field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang You
- Westa college, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Changkun Wang
- Westa college, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Zhenghao Ma
- Westa college, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Qianhui Yu
- Westa college, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Shiping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Li Y, Kang W, Zhang J, Shi P, Li J, Lu Y. Nanozyme based ultra-stretchable, low-hysteresis, and dual-mode antibacterial composite hydrogels for wound healing. Mater Today Bio 2025; 31:101547. [PMID: 40182657 PMCID: PMC11966732 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2025.101547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2024] [Revised: 01/22/2025] [Accepted: 02/02/2025] [Indexed: 04/05/2025] Open
Abstract
Wound care always presents challenges as they are susceptible to bacterial infections and have mechanical compatibility issues with wound dressings, leading to a delayed recovery of the structure and functional integrity of skin tissue. Herein, an iron-based metal-organic framework loaded with gold (Fe-MIL-88NH2-Au) nanozyme based composite hydrogel (HMAux) with excellent mechanical compatibility and dual-mode antibacterial properties was designed for wound care. To obtain HMAux, Fe-MIL-88NH2-Au nanozyme with photothermal properties and peroxidase-like and oxidase-like activities was prepared. Then it was introduced into the hydrogel system with a sea-island structure which was prepared via the copolymerization of acrylamide and acryloyl Pluronic F127 (PF127-DA) in the aqueous solution. Using dynamic micelles as the energy dissipation mechanism, double bonds and intermolecular interactions as two crosslinking methods in HMAux make it possess good stretchability (3244 %-4524 %), toughness (593.8 kJ/m3 to 421.5 kJ/m3), and low hysteresis (0.13-0.15). Furthermore, the synergistic photothermal and chemodynamic effects provide good antibacterial performance under mild conditions, with killing rates of approximately 95.02 % and 97.28 % for S. aureus and E. coli, respectively. In vivo experiments have proved that HMAux can effectively adapt to the contour of the wound and treat wound infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, PR China
| | - Weiqi Kang
- Scientific and Technological Innovation Center for Biomedical Materials and Clinical Research, Guangyuan Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Medical Hydrogel, Guangyuan Central Hospital, Guangyuan, 628000, PR China
| | - Jian Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, PR China
| | - Ping Shi
- Scientific and Technological Innovation Center for Biomedical Materials and Clinical Research, Guangyuan Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Medical Hydrogel, Guangyuan Central Hospital, Guangyuan, 628000, PR China
| | - Jianshu Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Yongping Lu
- Scientific and Technological Innovation Center for Biomedical Materials and Clinical Research, Guangyuan Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Medical Hydrogel, Guangyuan Central Hospital, Guangyuan, 628000, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Lei XX, Liu ML, Lu CF, Han LL, Jia JZ, Li Z, Xu N, Li JF, Fu XJ, Jin YB, Tong RK, Yu YL, Luo GX, Chen Y. A self-hygroscopic, rapidly self-gelling polysaccharide-based sponge with robust wet adhesion for non-compressible hemorrhage control and infected wounds healing. Bioact Mater 2025; 46:311-330. [PMID: 39811462 PMCID: PMC11732608 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2024] [Revised: 12/08/2024] [Accepted: 12/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2025] Open
Abstract
Uncontrollable non-compressible hemorrhage and traumatic infection have been major causes of mortality and disability in both civilian and military populations. A dressing designed for point-of-care control of non-compressible hemorrhage and prevention of traumatic infections represents an urgent medical need. Here, a novel self-gelling sponge OHN@ε-pL is developed, integrating N-succinimidyl ester oxidized hyaluronic acid (OHN) and ε-poly-L-lysine (ε-pL). Upon application to the wound site, the sponge can rapidly absorb interfacial fluids and undergo a phase transition from sponge to gel. The transformed gel facilitates robust tissue adhesion and achieves synergistic hemostasis by enriching coagulation factors within the sponge phase and providing a barrier effect in the gel phase. The in vitro and in vivo studies revealed that the optimized OHN@ε-pL3 sponge possesses self-gelling capability, tissue adhesion, enhanced coagulation ability, and exhibits excellent biocompatibility and antibacterial efficacy. In hemostasis, OHN@ε-pL3 sponges exhibited reduced blood loss and decreased hemostatic time compared to commercial hemostatic agents, as demonstrated in rat liver, femoral vein, and tail truncation bleeding models. Furthermore, the OHN@ε-pL3 sponge exhibited superior performance in accelerating wound closure and healing of S. aureus-infected wounds. Collectively, OHN@ε-pL sponges represent a promising candidate for medical dressings, specifically for managing uncontrollable non-compressible hemorrhage and traumatic infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiong-Xin Lei
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, PR China
| | - Meng-Long Liu
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital & State Key Lab of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, PR China
| | - Chao-Feng Lu
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital & State Key Lab of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, PR China
| | - Li-Li Han
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital & State Key Lab of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, PR China
| | - Jie-Zhi Jia
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital & State Key Lab of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, PR China
| | - Zheng Li
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital & State Key Lab of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, PR China
| | - Na Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR China
| | - Jiang-Feng Li
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital & State Key Lab of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, PR China
| | - Xuan-Jian Fu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, PR China
| | - Ya-Bin Jin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, PR China
- School of Computer and Communication Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Ri-Kuan Tong
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524023, PR China
| | - Yun-Long Yu
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital & State Key Lab of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, PR China
| | - Gao-Xing Luo
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital & State Key Lab of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, PR China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Srivastava N, Manisha, Ghai A, Goyal M, Kumar M, Kumar M. Comparative efficacy of advanced and traditional wound dressings in post-operative orthopaedic care for hip and knee surgeries: A randomized controlled trial. J Clin Orthop Trauma 2025; 63:102933. [PMID: 40070522 PMCID: PMC11891700 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcot.2025.102933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2025] [Accepted: 02/06/2025] [Indexed: 03/14/2025] Open
Abstract
Background This randomized controlled study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of three advanced dressings (Aquacel Ag®, Opsite® Post-Op, and Mepilex Border Post-Op®) versus traditional dressings in post-operative care for patients undergoing orthopaedic hip or knee surgeries. Methods Conducted between August and December 2022 at a tertiary care orthopaedic centre, 314 patients were randomized into four groups. Group A received Aquacel Ag®, Group B received Opsite® Post-Op, Group C received Mepilex Border Post-Op®, and Group D received traditional dressings. The primary outcomes measured were pain levels during dressing changes, exudate management, patient comfort, nurses' ease of application and removal of the dressing, and surgical site complications. Multivariate analysis, including logistic regression, was performed to adjust for potential confounders (ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT06540040). Results Mepilex Border Post-Op® (Group C) significantly outperformed other dressings in key areas. Pain levels during dressing changes were consistently lower in this group on Day 3 (3.5 ± 0.8 vs. 6.0 ± 1.1 in the traditional dressing group, p = 0.002) and at day 7 & 14 as well. Exudate management was effective with Mepilex Border Post-Op®. Group C patients reported the highest comfort and mobility scores on a Likert scale with easy application and removal. Surgical site complications were minimal, with only 1.2 % of Group C patients affected by Day 14 compared to 9.8 % in Group D (p = 0.003). Multivariate analysis confirmed that Mepilex Border Post-Op® significantly reduced surgical site complications and improved patient comfort, with adjusted odds ratios favouring this dressing over traditional options. Conclusion Mepilex Border Post-Op® (a 4-layer hydrophilic foam dressing) demonstrated benefits in post-operative care, reducing pain and complications while improving patient comfort. Single centre design with a limited sample size of the present study limits the generalizability of our findings. Further research is warranted to confirm these findings in broader clinical settings. Trial registration number ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT06540040.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Srivastava
- Orthopaedic Matron, Army Hospital (Research & Referral) New Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Manisha
- Orthopaedic Matron, Military Hospital, Secunderabad, India
| | - Amresh Ghai
- Department of Orthopaedics, Base Hospital, Delhi Cantt, New Delhi, India
| | - Meenu Goyal
- Orthopaedic Matron, 158 Base Hospital, Bagdogra, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Department of Orthopaedics, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Ma DJ, Li TH, Yang SY, Yu JJ, Li ST, Yu Y, Liu Y, Zang J, Kong L, Li XT. Self-assembling Bletilla polysaccharide nanogels facilitate healing of acute and infected wounds via inflammation control and antibacterial activity. Int J Biol Macromol 2025; 299:140125. [PMID: 39842574 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.140125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2024] [Revised: 01/08/2025] [Accepted: 01/19/2025] [Indexed: 01/24/2025]
Abstract
Wound healing is one of the fundamental problems faced by the medical profession. Thus, there is a need for the development of biomaterials that are safe, economically viable, possess anti-inflammatory and antibacterial characteristics, and enhance wound healing. In this study, we designed a nanomicelle of Bletilla striata polysaccharide (BSP) self-loaded with Azithromycin (AZI). The properties are improved by physically blending Carbomer 940 (CBM) with Gelatin (GEL) to serve as the hydrogel matrix. The preparation was made by combining the nanomicelle, used as the precursor solution, with the gel matrix. It was designed to treat wound infections and promote healing. Relevant experiments indicate its excellent biocompatibility. The hydrogel not only promotes cell migration, proliferation, angiogenesis, and collagen deposition associated with skin healing, but also regulates the polarization of macrophages from the M1 to M2 phenotype, as well as the expression of related factors. Additionally, in vitro experiments demonstrate its good antibacterial activity. In addition, we demonstrated the gel's anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and pro-healing effects in acute wounds and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) wounds. Therefore, the nanomicellar gel enhances antibacterial activity and related immune regulation, offering a new direction in the treatment of acute and chronic wounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- De-Jin Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China; Shenyang Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Targeted Delivery Key laboratory, Shenyang 110847, China
| | - Tian-Hua Li
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China; Shenyang Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Targeted Delivery Key laboratory, Shenyang 110847, China
| | - Su-Yu Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China; Shenyang Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Targeted Delivery Key laboratory, Shenyang 110847, China
| | - Jun-Jie Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China; Shenyang Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Targeted Delivery Key laboratory, Shenyang 110847, China
| | - Shu-Tong Li
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China; Shenyang Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Targeted Delivery Key laboratory, Shenyang 110847, China
| | - Yang Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China; Shenyang Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Targeted Delivery Key laboratory, Shenyang 110847, China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China; Shenyang Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Targeted Delivery Key laboratory, Shenyang 110847, China
| | - Juan Zang
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China; Shenyang Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Targeted Delivery Key laboratory, Shenyang 110847, China
| | - Liang Kong
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China; Shenyang Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Targeted Delivery Key laboratory, Shenyang 110847, China.
| | - Xue-Tao Li
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China; Shenyang Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Targeted Delivery Key laboratory, Shenyang 110847, China.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Ni C, Li X, Jiang H, Gui S, Yin H, Nie X. A targeted and synergetic nano-delivery system against Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection for promoting wound healing. Mater Today Bio 2025; 31:101470. [PMID: 39882550 PMCID: PMC11772151 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2025.101470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Revised: 01/07/2025] [Accepted: 01/07/2025] [Indexed: 01/31/2025] Open
Abstract
Purpose Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection is the most common pathogen in burn wound infections, causing delayed wound healing and progression to chronic wounds. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop antimicrobial agents that can promote wound healing for effectively treating infected wounds. Patients and methods Using magnetic stirring and ultrasound to synthesize Apt-pM@UCNPmSiO2-Cur-CAZ. The nanosystems were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry (UV-Vis). Flow cytometry, bacterial LIVE/DEAD staining and scanning electron microscopy were performed to assess the in vitro antibacterial and anti-biofilm effects of the nanosystems. The wound healing potential and in vivo toxicity of the nanosystems were evaluated in a mouse skin wound model. Results The Apt-pM@UCNPmSiO2-Cur-CAZ synthesized exhibited uniform circular shape with a Zeta potential of -0.8 mV. In vitro, Apt-pM@UCNPmSiO2-Cur-CAZ demonstrated superior antibacterial effects compared to standalone antibiotics. Bacteria treated with Apt-pM@UCNPmSiO2-Cur-CAZ showed varying degrees of deformation and shrinkage, resulting in severe damage to the bacterial cells. Additionally, Apt-pM@UCNPmSiO2-Cur-CAZ can inhibit and eradicate bacterial biofilms, while also targeting bacteria for enhanced antibacterial efficacy. Interestingly, the NIR light could enhance the antibacterial and anti-biofilm effects of Apt-pM@UCNPmSiO2-Cur-CAZ due to the photodynamic action. In a mouse skin wound infection model, the nanosystem effectively eliminated wound bacteria, promoting the healing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa-infected wounds without significant toxic effects. Conclusion Apt-pM@UCNPmSiO2-Cur-CAZ is a novel targeted nano-delivery system with promising potential in combating Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections, and it may serve as a new therapeutic approach for treating skin wound infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Haiye Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Shumin Gui
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Heng Yin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xinmin Nie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Liu Y, Chen X, Zhang C, Li S, Zheng H, Tang W, Wang Q, Liu J, Fang K, Zhao Y, Zhang J, Wang D. Breathable, Moisturizing Biomimetic Wound Dressing with Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial Properties. Adv Healthc Mater 2025; 14:e2404601. [PMID: 39924791 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202404601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/11/2025]
Abstract
Maintaining wound breathability and preventing infection are crucial for moist wound healing. However, existing hydrogel dressings suffer from poor breathability and clinically used antimicrobial agents such as antibiotics, metal nanoparticles, and natural antimicrobial substances face challenges including resistance, toxicity, and high extraction costs, respectively. Inspired by the antimicrobial properties of airway surface liquid (ASL), a biomimetic moisturizing and antibacterial hydrogel dressing (BMAHD) is designed. It combines polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel with ordinary gauze to achieve high breathability, while also secreting a water-glycerol mixture to moisturize the wound. Interestingly, Na2CO3 secreted by dressing achieves broad-spectrum bactericidal effects, with up to 99% sterilization rates within 24 h. Furthermore, co-cultivation experiments with mouse embryonic fibroblasts (L929) and sheep red blood cells (SRBC) demonstrate excellent cellular compatibility of the dressing. To prove of concept, the animal model confirms that BMAHD significantly promotes wound healing. The BMAHD provides a valuable reference for the design of novel medical dressings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunge Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center (BIOPIC), School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Chengzhi Zhang
- College of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Saiya Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Hui Zheng
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Wanting Tang
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
- Sustainable Energy and Environmental Materials Innovation Center, School of Nano Science and Technology, Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Qiannan Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jinbo Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Kefan Fang
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center (BIOPIC), School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Yingmin Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Dianyu Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Kumari A, Singh B. Emerging trends in designing polysaccharide based mucoadhesive network hydrogels as versatile platforms for innovative delivery of therapeutic agents: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2025; 300:140229. [PMID: 39855499 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.140229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2024] [Revised: 01/04/2025] [Accepted: 01/21/2025] [Indexed: 01/27/2025]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The rapid progress in polymer science has designed innovative materials for biomedical applications. In the case of drug design, for each new therapeutic agent, a drug delivery system (DDS) is required to improve its pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters. Therefore, significant research has been carried out to develop drug delivery (DD) carriers for these new therapeutic agents. Hydrogels have been explored as potential candidates to prepare controlled drug delivery (CDD) systems to address the challenges related to the performance of the conventional DD formulations. Mucoadhesive drug delivery system (MUCO-DDS) is a specialized form of CDD system, facilitating site-specific DD, protecting the drug from first pass metabolism and enhancing its overall bioavailability. METHODS The present article provides a comprehensive discussion of the synthesis, properties and applications of polysaccharide-derived MUCO-DDS. Different natural polymer-derived MUCO-DDS including chitosan, alginate, pectin, xanthan gum, psyllium, gelatin, cellulose, hyaluronic acid, guar gum, sterculia gum and tragacanth gum have been reported. Herein, these DDS were elaborately discussed along with their applications and future-prospective. These DDS are classified on the basis of drug administration (nasal, ocular, vagina/rectal & buccal DDS) and drug distribution (reservoir and monolithic polymer matrix). Factors contributing to modifications of properties of MUCO-DDS were also demonstrated along with different stages and theories of mucoadhesion. RESULTS Polysaccharides exhibit properties such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, and flexibility, making them ideal for CDD applications. MUCO-DDS demonstrates several significant advantages. Moreover, the article bridges theoretical insights with practical applications and future research prospects, ensuring its relevance for advancements in the concerned field. This review serves as a comprehensive resource, addressing gaps in previous literature and paving the way for innovations in MUCO-DDS, through a comparative analysis of the advantages, limitations, and modifications of natural polymers. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, this review gives an overview of the current developments in the field of mucoadhesive DD systems and also gives insights into the future perspectives. The MUCOAD of DDS could be modulated by the inclusion of various natural and synthetic components in hydrogels. Future directions for the researchers are underway to integrate nanotechnology with mucoadhesive systems to create hybrid platforms. Overall, by addressing current limitations and leveraging emerging technologies, these systems can revolutionize drug delivery for a wide range of therapeutic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Kumari
- Department of Chemistry, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla 171005, India
| | - Baljit Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla 171005, India.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Pham DT, Thuy NTN, Thao NTP, Nhi LT, Thuy BTP. Naturally derived hydrogels for wound healing. Ther Deliv 2025; 16:349-363. [PMID: 39871586 PMCID: PMC11970767 DOI: 10.1080/20415990.2025.2457928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2025] [Indexed: 01/29/2025] Open
Abstract
Natural hydrogels have garnered increasing attention due to their natural origins and beneficial roles in wound healing. Hydrogel water-retaining capacity and excellent biocompatibility create an ideal moist environment for wound healing, thereby enhancing cell proliferation and tissue regeneration. For this reason, naturally derived hydrogels formulated from biomaterials such as chitosan, alginate, gelatin, and fibroin are highly promising due to their biodegradability and low immunogenic responses. Recent integrated approaches to utilizing new technologies with bioactive agents have significantly improved the mechanical properties of hydrogels and the controlled release and delivery of active compounds, thereby increasing the efficiency of the treatment processes. Herein, this review highlights the advantages and the challenges of natural hydrogels in wound healing, focusing on their mechanical strength, controlled degradation rates, safety and efficiency validation, and the potential for incorporating advanced technologies such as tissue engineering and gene therapy for utilization in personalized medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Duy Toan Pham
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Can Tho University, Can Tho, Vietnam
| | - Ngo Thi Ngoc Thuy
- Institute of Tropical Biology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thi Phuong Thao
- Institute of Tropical Biology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Le Thi Nhi
- Faculty of Materials Science, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Bui Thi Phuong Thuy
- Faculty of Fundamental Sciences, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Li Y, Song S, Song J, Gong R, Abbas G. Electrochemical pH Sensor Incorporated Wearables for State-of-the-Art Wound Care. ACS Sens 2025; 10:1690-1708. [PMID: 40036348 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c03408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2025]
Abstract
Nonhealing chronic wounds pose severe physiological and psychological distress to patients, making them a significant concern for global public health. Effective wound management strategies assisted by smart wearable pH monitoring have the potential to substantially alleviate both social and economic burdens. The pH of the wound exudate serves as a valuable indicator for predicting infections and assessing the healing status of wounds. This review comprehensively summarizes fundamental aspects related to wound pH, with a particular emphasis on the relationships between pH and healing status, infections, and other biochemical parameters that are crucial for wound health. It systematically discusses advancements in electrochemical pH sensors specifically designed for wearable devices, emphasizing their core performance in the care of chronic wounds. Additionally, the review outlines the challenges faced by this field and suggests future directions for research and development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Li
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China
| | - Shibo Song
- Endoscopy Center, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Jin Song
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China
| | - Rui Gong
- Faculty of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen University of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Ghulam Abbas
- Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Hemmati J, Sedighi I, Azizi M, Chegini Z, Zare Shahraki R, Chiani M, Arabestani MR. Formulation and Characterization of Teicoplanin Niosomal Gel for Healing Chronic Wounds Infected with Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Gels 2025; 11:230. [PMID: 40277666 PMCID: PMC12026646 DOI: 10.3390/gels11040230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2025] [Revised: 03/12/2025] [Accepted: 03/20/2025] [Indexed: 04/26/2025] Open
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is recognized as a significant pathogen playing a crucial role in causing bacterial infections of skin and soft tissues due to its high capacity for biofilm formation. Niosome-based gel systems offer significant potential for enhancing transdermal drug delivery and increasing the effectiveness of loaded drugs. The current research investigates the feasibility of niosomal gel for formulating the topical administration of teicoplanin (TEC). The thin film hydration method was used for niosome formulation was composed of nonionic surfactant, cholesterol, and mPEG 2000. TEC niosomal gel was prepared with adding hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and Poloxamer 407 polymers to the system. The physiochemical characteristics of prepared niosomal gel formulation, such as particle morphology, size, zeta surface charge, homogeneity, encapsulation efficiency, and in vitro drug release, were evaluated. Also, the in vitro antibacterial potential of the prepared system was analyzed. Further, we examined the in vivo antibacterial activity of the synthesized niosomal gel on infected wounds in Wister rats. We found that the TEC niosomal gel had antibacterial and anti-biofilm capabilities against MRSA isolates, and could be an effective wound material for preventing therapeutic problems related to this superbug.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaber Hemmati
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan P.O. Box 6517838678, Iran; (J.H.); (Z.C.); (R.Z.S.)
- Student Research Committee, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan P.O. Box 4171-65175, Iran
| | - Iraj Sedighi
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan P.O. Box 4171-65175, Iran;
| | - Mehdi Azizi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan P.O. Box 6517838736, Iran;
| | - Zahra Chegini
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan P.O. Box 6517838678, Iran; (J.H.); (Z.C.); (R.Z.S.)
- Student Research Committee, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan P.O. Box 4171-65175, Iran
| | - Raha Zare Shahraki
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan P.O. Box 6517838678, Iran; (J.H.); (Z.C.); (R.Z.S.)
- Student Research Committee, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan P.O. Box 4171-65175, Iran
| | - Mohsen Chiani
- Department of NanoBiotechnology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran P.O. Box 13169-43551, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Arabestani
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan P.O. Box 6517838678, Iran; (J.H.); (Z.C.); (R.Z.S.)
- Nutrition Health Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences and Technologies, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan P.O. Box 4171-65175, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Díaz GY, da Silva VA, Kalantarnia F, Scheck K, Tschofen SA, Tuffs SW, Willerth SM. Using Three-Dimensional Bioprinting to Generate Realistic Models of Wound Healing. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2025. [PMID: 40040420 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2024.0138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2025] Open
Abstract
Significance: The skin serves as the primary defense against external stimuli, making it vulnerable to damage. Injuries can cause a dysregulated environment, resulting in chronic inflammation and inhibition of cell proliferation and migration, which delays recovery. Innovative approaches, such as three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting, can foster a controlled healing environment by promoting synergy between the skin microbiome and cells. Recent Advances: Traditional approaches to wound healing have focused on fostering an environment conducive to the interplay between cells, extracellular proteins, and growth factors. 3D bioprinting, a manufacturing technology with applications in tissue engineering, deposits biomaterial-based bioink containing living cells to fabricate custom-designed tissue scaffolds in a layer-by-layer fashion. This process controls the architecture and composition of a construct, producing multilayered and complex structures such as skin. Critical Issues: The selection of biomaterials for scaffolds has been a challenge when 3D skin tissue engineering. While prioritizing mechanical properties, current biomaterials often lack the ability to interact with environmental stimuli such as pH, temperature, or oxygen levels. Employing smart biomaterials that integrate bioactive molecules and adapt to external conditions could overcome these limitations. This innovation would enable scaffolds to create a sustainable wound-healing environment, fostering microbiome balance, reducing inflammation, and facilitating cellular recovery and tissue restoration, addressing critical gaps in existing wound care solutions. Future Directions: Novel bioink formulations for skin injury recovery are focused on improving long-term cell viability, proliferation, vascularization, and immune integration. Efficient recovery of the skin microbiome using bioactive molecules has the potential to create microenriched environments that support the recovery of the skin microbiome and restore immune regulation. This promising direction for future research aims to improve patient outcomes in wound care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giselle Y Díaz
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada
| | - Victor A da Silva
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada
| | | | | | - Silken A Tschofen
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria Faculty of Science, Victoria, Canada
| | - Stephen W Tuffs
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria Faculty of Science, Victoria, Canada
| | - Stephanie M Willerth
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada
- Axolotl Biosciences, Victoria, Canada
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Technology, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Kian M, Hashemi SS, Derakhshanfar A, Darya GH, Shahhossein Z, Saharkhiz MJ. Decellularized Persian walnut leaf ( Juglans regia) as a potential wound dressing scaffold: an experimental study. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2025; 13:1524956. [PMID: 40104772 PMCID: PMC11913873 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2025.1524956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2025] [Indexed: 03/20/2025] Open
Abstract
Introduction Wound dressings often fall short of providing the multifunctional capabilities required for optimal wound healing, such as promoting cell migration, proliferation, and tissue regeneration. Decellularization of plant tissues has gained attention as a potential source of biomaterials for tissue engineering applications due to their favorable characteristics, including pre-existing vascular networks, interconnected porous structure, efficient water transport and retention, high surface area, and a diverse range of mechanical properties. Methods This study investigates the feasibility of using decellularized walnut leaves (DWL) as a novel scaffold for wound dressing in a mice model of excisional wounds. The decellularization and bleaching processes were carried out using various chemical agents. DNA and protein quantification and hematoxylin and eosin staining were performed to reveal the successful removal of cells in DWL. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to indicate that the normal structure of walnut leaves was preserved after chemical decellularization. Chemical characterization was conducted using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy to show the remaining bioactive molecules and components in the structure of DWL. Results Comparing tensile strength and surface roughness parameters, surface wettability, swelling, and porosity properties of native and DWL indicated no statistical differences between them. SEM analysis demonstrated that human mesenchymal stem cells excellently attach and proliferate on the DWL. Additionally, the biocompatibility and potential of DWL scaffolds to accelerate wound closure and enhance histopathological scores, collagen deposition, and epithelial thickness were observed in a mice model of excisional wounds. Discussion In conclusion, DWL shows promising potential for application as a skin wound dressing due to its biocompatibility, ability to promote cell attachment and proliferation, and efficacy in accelerating wound healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Kian
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Sara Hashemi
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars, Iran
- Burn and Wound Healing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amin Derakhshanfar
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars, Iran
| | - Gholam-Hossein Darya
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars, Iran
| | - Zahra Shahhossein
- Burn and Wound Healing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohmmad Jamal Saharkhiz
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Rybak D, Du J, Nakielski P, Rinoldi C, Kosik‐Kozioł A, Zakrzewska A, Wu H, Li J, Li X, Yu Y, Ding B, Pierini F. NIR-Light Activable 3D Printed Platform Nanoarchitectured with Electrospun Plasmonic Filaments for On Demand Treatment of Infected Wounds. Adv Healthc Mater 2025; 14:e2404274. [PMID: 39722151 PMCID: PMC11874648 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202404274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2024] [Revised: 12/13/2024] [Indexed: 12/28/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial infections can lead to severe complications that adversely affect wound healing. Thus, the development of effective wound dressings has become a major focus in the biomedical field, as current solutions remain insufficient for treating complex, particularly chronic wounds. Designing an optimal environment for healing and tissue regeneration is essential. This study aims to optimize a multi-functional 3D printed hydrogel for infected wounds. A dexamethasone (DMX)-loaded electrospun mat, incorporated with gold nanorods (AuNRs), is structured into short filaments (SFs). The SFs are 3D printed into gelatine methacrylate (GelMA) and sodium alginate (SA) scaffold. The photo-responsive AuNRs within SFs significantly enhanced DXM release when exposed to near-infrared (NIR) light. The material exhibits excellent photothermal properties, biocompatibility, and antibacterial activity under NIR irradiation, effectively eliminating Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in vitro. In vivo, material combined with NIR light treatment facilitate infectes wound healing, killing S. aureus bacteria, reduced inflammation, and induced vascularization. The final materials' shape can be adjusted to the skin defect, release the anti-inflammatory DXM on-demand, provide antimicrobial protection, and accelerate the healing of chronic wounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Rybak
- Department of Biosystems and Soft MatterInstitute of Fundamental Technological ResearchPolish Academy of SciencesWarsaw02‐106Poland
| | - Jingtao Du
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and TechnologyCollege of TextilesDonghua UniversityShanghai201620P. R. China
| | - Paweł Nakielski
- Department of Biosystems and Soft MatterInstitute of Fundamental Technological ResearchPolish Academy of SciencesWarsaw02‐106Poland
| | - Chiara Rinoldi
- Department of Biosystems and Soft MatterInstitute of Fundamental Technological ResearchPolish Academy of SciencesWarsaw02‐106Poland
| | - Alicja Kosik‐Kozioł
- Department of Biosystems and Soft MatterInstitute of Fundamental Technological ResearchPolish Academy of SciencesWarsaw02‐106Poland
| | - Anna Zakrzewska
- Department of Biosystems and Soft MatterInstitute of Fundamental Technological ResearchPolish Academy of SciencesWarsaw02‐106Poland
| | - Haoyang Wu
- Institute of Burn ResearchSouthwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)Chongqing400038P. R. China
| | - Jing Li
- Institute of Burn ResearchSouthwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)Chongqing400038P. R. China
| | - Xiaoran Li
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and TechnologyCollege of TextilesDonghua UniversityShanghai201620P. R. China
| | - Yunlong Yu
- Institute of Burn ResearchSouthwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)Chongqing400038P. R. China
| | - Bin Ding
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and TechnologyCollege of TextilesDonghua UniversityShanghai201620P. R. China
| | - Filippo Pierini
- Department of Biosystems and Soft MatterInstitute of Fundamental Technological ResearchPolish Academy of SciencesWarsaw02‐106Poland
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Wu H, Zhou X, Zhi C, Wang C, Chen Y, Si Y, Yang J, Zhang Q, Lam RHW, Qin T, Fu G, Xiong Z, Hu J. Electroactive Asymmetric Dressing for Spatiotemporal Deep Burn Scarless Healing and Management. Adv Healthc Mater 2025; 14:e2404266. [PMID: 39797444 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202404266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2024] [Revised: 01/06/2025] [Indexed: 01/13/2025]
Abstract
Burn care and treatment differ markedly from other types of wounds, as they are significantly more prone to infections and struggle to maintain fluid balance post-burn. Moreover, the limited self-healing abilities exacerbate the likelihood of scar formation, further complicating the recovery process. To tackle these issues, an asymmetric wound dressing comprising a quercetin-loaded poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) (P34HB@Qu) hydrophilic layer and a zinc oxide nanoparticle-loaded, thermally treated polyvinylidene fluoride (HPVDF@ZnO) hydrophobic layer is designed. This dressing provided antibacterial property and exudate management in the early stages of burn treatment, preventing infection and maintaining moisture balance at the wound site. As healing progresses, the electroactive properties of HPVDF@ZnO and quercetin from P34HB@Qu synergistically regulate cell migration and differentiation, accelerating wound healing and facilitating scar-free regeneration. Furthermore, the wound dressing assisted in the regeneration of skin appendages. This study underscores the full-cycle strategy of versatile wound dressings for spatiotemporal burn wound management from injury to scarless healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanbai Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Xiong Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Chuanwei Zhi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Cong Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Yuhan Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Yifan Si
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Jieqiong Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Raymond H W Lam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Tingwu Qin
- Institute of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Guibing Fu
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518034, China
| | - Zhu Xiong
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518034, China
| | - Jinlian Hu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Galvão Duarte J, Piedade AP, Sarmento B, Mascarenhas-Melo F. The Printed Path to Healing: Advancing Wound Dressings through Additive Manufacturing. Adv Healthc Mater 2025; 14:e2402711. [PMID: 39757445 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202402711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2024] [Revised: 11/27/2024] [Indexed: 01/07/2025]
Abstract
Wound care challenges healthcare systems worldwide as traditional dressings often fall short in addressing the diverse and complex nature of wound healing. Given conventional treatments limitations, innovative alternatives are urgent. Additive manufacturing (AM) has emerged as a distinct and transformative approach for developing advanced wound dressings, offering unprecedented functionality and customization. Besides exploring the AM processes state-of-the-art, this review comprehensively examines the application of AM to produce cellular-compatible and bioactive, therapeutic agent delivery, patient-centric, and responsive dressings. This review distinguishes itself from the published literature by covering a variety of wound types and by summarizing important data, including used materials, process/technology, printing parameters, and findings from in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo studies. The prospects of AM in enhancing wound healing outcomes are also analyzed in a translational and cost-effective manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joana Galvão Duarte
- Abel Salazar Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, 4050-313, Portugal
- CEMMPRE, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3030-788, Portugal
| | - Ana Paula Piedade
- CEMMPRE, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3030-788, Portugal
| | - Bruno Sarmento
- i3S, Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, 4200-135, Portugal
- CESPU, IUCS, University Institute of Health Sciences, Gandra, 4585-116, Portugal
| | - Filipa Mascarenhas-Melo
- Polytechnic Institute of Guarda, Higher School of Health, Guarda, 6300-559, Portugal
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3000-548, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Pan Y, Zhao H, Huang W, Liu S, Qi Y, Huang Y. Metal-Protein Hybrid Materials: Unlocking New Frontiers in Biomedical Applications. Adv Healthc Mater 2025; 14:e2404405. [PMID: 39778029 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202404405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2024] [Revised: 12/24/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2025]
Abstract
Metal-protein hybrid materials represent a novel class of functional materials that exhibit exceptional physicochemical properties and tunable structures, rendering them remarkable applications in diverse fields, including materials engineering, biocatalysis, biosensing, and biomedicine. The design and development of multifunctional and biocompatible metal-protein hybrid materials have been the subject of extensive research and a key aspiration for practical applications in clinical settings. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the design strategies, intrinsic properties, and biomedical applications of these hybrid materials, with a specific emphasis on their potential in cancer therapy, drug and vaccine delivery, antibacterial treatments, and tissue regeneration. Through rational design, stable metal-protein hybrid materials can be synthesized using straightforward methods, enabling them with therapeutic, delivery, immunomodulatory, and other desired functionalities. Finally, the review outlines the existing limitations and challenges associated with metal-protein hybrid materials and evaluates their potential for clinical translation, providing insights into their practical implementation within biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Pan
- Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P.R. China
| | - Han Zhao
- Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P.R. China
| | - Wenyong Huang
- Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P.R. China
| | - Siyang Liu
- Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P.R. China
| | - Yanxin Qi
- Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P.R. China
| | - Yubin Huang
- Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Tang J, Zhang P, Liu Y, Hou D, Chen Y, Cheng L, Xue Y, Liu J. Revolutionizing pressure ulcer regeneration: Unleashing the potential of extracellular matrix-derived temperature-sensitive injectable antioxidant hydrogel for superior stem cell therapy. Biomaterials 2025; 314:122880. [PMID: 39383777 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 09/21/2024] [Accepted: 10/04/2024] [Indexed: 10/11/2024]
Abstract
Pressure ulcers are a common issue in elderly and medically compromised individuals, posing significant challenges in healthcare. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUMSCs) offer therapeutic benefits like inflammation modulation and tissue regeneration, yet challenges in cell survival, retention, and implantation rates limit their clinical application. Hydrogels in three-dimensional (3D) stem cell culture mimic the microenvironment, improving cell survival and therapeutic efficacy. A thermosensitive injectable hydrogel (adEHG) combining gallic acid-modified hydroxybutyl chitosan (HBC-GA) with soluble extracellular matrix (adECM) has been developed to address these challenges. The hybrid hydrogel, with favorable physical and chemical properties, shields stem cells from oxidative stress and boosts their therapeutic potential by clearing ROS. The adEHG hydrogel promotes angiogenesis, cell proliferation, and collagen deposition, further enhancing inflammation modulation and wound healing through the sustained release of therapeutic factors and cells. Additionally, the adEHG@HUMSC composite induces macrophage polarization towards an M2 phenotype, which is crucial for wound inflammation inhibition and successful healing. Our research significantly propels the field of stem cell-based therapies for pressure ulcer treatment and underscores the potential of the adEHG hydrogel as a valuable tool in advancing regenerative medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Tang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, People's Republic of China
| | - Penglei Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, People's Republic of China
| | - Yadong Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, People's Republic of China
| | - Dingyu Hou
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, People's Republic of China
| | - You Chen
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Cheng
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifang Xue
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Yao C, Yuan Y, Du G, Li Q, Ji Y. Chinese herbal medicine-inspired construction of multi-component hydrogels with antibacterial and wound-healing-promoting functions. J Mater Chem B 2025; 13:2826-2833. [PMID: 39873646 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb02058h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2025]
Abstract
Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) has offered a great treasure and source of inspiration for developing innovative medicinal materials and therapy. In this work, inspired by the macroscopic compatibility of Puerariae Lobatae Radix and Gypsum Ustum in CHM, the puerarin (PUE) and CaSO4 (Ca) as the main constituents, respectively, from the two herbs are co-assembled into two-component molecular hydrogels. Such two-component gels exhibited enhanced mechanical properties compared with the single-component PUE gel due to the introduction of crosslinking hydrogen bonds between PUE and Ca. Importantly, the two-component gels show good biocompatibility and antibacterial and antioxidant properties. Moreover, in vivo wound healing experiments on an E. coli-infected mouse model together with the histological and immunological analyses were conducted, revealing that the two-component gels possessed good wound-healing-promoting functions. Our research shows how the medication practice of CHM can contribute to the development of novel bio-soft materials. It is anticipated that more herbal medicine-inspired medicinal materials will be built and tailored for specific bio-applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuying Yao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
| | - Yue Yuan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Substance of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P. R. China.
| | - Guangyan Du
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
| | - Quan Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Substance of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P. R. China.
| | - Yutian Ji
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|