Multiscale Polymeric Materials for Advanced Lithium Battery Applications

Covalently Interlocked Electrode-Electrolyte Interface for High-Energy-Density Quasi-Solid-State Lithium-Ion Batteries

Quasi-solid-state batteries (QSSBs) are attracting considerable interest as a promising approach to enhance battery safety and electrochemical performance. However, QSSBs utilizing high-capacity active materials with substantial volume fluctuations, such as Si microparticle (SiMP) anodes and Ni-rich cathodes (NCM811), suffer from unstable interfaces due to contact loss during cycling. Herein, an in situ interlocking electrode-electrolyte (IEE) system is introduced, leveraging covalent crosslinking between acrylate-functionalized interlocking binders on active materials and crosslinkers within the quasi-solid-state electrolyte (QSSE) to establish a robust, interconnected network that maintains stable electrode-electrolyte contact. This IEE system addresses the limitations of liquid electrolyte and QSSE configurations, evidenced by low voltage hysteresis in (de)lithiation peaks over 200 cycles, stable interfacial resistance throughout cycling, and the absence of void formation. A pressure-detecting cell kit further confirms that the IEE system exhibits lower pressure changes during cycling without any voltage fluctuations from contact loss. Moreover, the SiMP||NCM811 full cell with the IEE system demonstrates superior electrochemical performance, and a bi-layer pouch cell configuration achieves an impressive energy density of 403.7 Wh kg-1/1300 Wh L-1, withstanding mechanical abuse tests such as folding and cutting, providing new insights into high-energy-density QSSBs.

In Situ Construction of Amide-Functionalized 2D Conjugated Metal-Organic Frameworks with Multiple Active Sites for High-Performance Potassium-Ion Batteries

Two-dimensional conjugated metal-organic frameworks (2D c-MOFs) represent a promising class of electrode materials for potassium-ion batteries (PIBs), attributed to their superior conductivity, large specific surface area, high charge carrier mobility, and tunable active sites. However, most reported 2D c-MOF-based cathode materials for PIBs usually encounter challenges, such as low specific capacity and inadequate cycling stability. In this context, we herein designed and synthesized a new hexahydroxy salicylamide ligand (6OH-HBB) via a straightforward two-step synthesis with a high yield of 93%, which was subsequently utilized to construct a 2D Cu-HBB-MOF with multiple active sites through an in situ metal coordination-induced planarization strategy. Thanks to its abundant active sites and large specific surface area, the Cu-HBB-MOF demonstrated an outstanding high initial capacity of 228.1 mA h g-1 at 0.2 A g-1, surpassing most reported porous material-based PIBs. Furthermore, even at 5.0 A g-1, the Cu-HBB-MOF exhibited a large reversible specific capacity of 103.6 mA h g-1 after 2500 cycles, simultaneously maintaining a low-capacity loss of only 0.011% per cycle and achieving a Coulombic efficiency up to 100%, demonstrating good long-term cycle stability. This work provides fundamental insights into engineering 2D c-MOFs with multisite functionality, charting a new course for developing high-performance MOF-based cathodes in next-generation energy storage systems.

New materials for lithium-sulfur batteries: challenges and future directions

This review explores recent advances in lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries, promising next-generation energy storage devices known for their exceptionally high theoretical energy density (∼2500 W h kg-1), cost-effectiveness, and environmental advantages. Despite their potential, commercialization remains limited by key challenges such as the polysulfide shuttle effect, sulfur's insulating nature, lithium metal anode instability, and thermal safety concerns. This review provides a comprehensive and forward-looking perspective on emerging material strategies-focusing on cathode, electrolyte, and anode engineering-to overcome these barriers. Special emphasis is placed on advanced sulfur-carbon composites, including three-dimensional graphene frameworks, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), covalent organic frameworks (COFs), and MXene-based materials, which have demonstrated significant improvements in sulfur utilization, redox kinetics, and cycling stability. Innovations in electrolytes-particularly solid-state and gel polymer systems-are discussed for their roles in suppressing polysulfide dissolution and enhancing safety. This review also examines lithium metal anode protection strategies, such as use of artificial SEI layers and 3D lithium scaffolds and lithium alloying. Finally, it discusses critical issues related to large-scale manufacturing, safety, and commercial scalability. With ongoing innovation in multifunctional materials and electrode design, Li-S batteries are well positioned to transform energy storage for electric vehicles, portable electronics, and grid-scale systems.

A Rational-Designed Interlayer for Anode-Free Lithium-Metal Batteries

Anode-free lithium metal batteries (AFLMBs) are attracting significant attention due to their easy fabrication and high volumetric energy density. However, inhomogeneous deposition of lithium usually leads to dead Li or dendrites, in the meantime, the limited active lithium inventory also restricts the cycle life of AFLMB. In this study, a mixed ion/electron conductive interlayer (SNAF) composed of Si nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes (CNT), lithium polyacrylic acid (PAALi), and LiF is designed to stabilize the deposition process of lithium. Of which Si serves as a lipophilic site and reduces the nuclei overpotential, CNT decreases the local current density and thus enhances the high current deposition stability, while PAALi and LiF work as an artificial solid electrolyte interphase (ASEI) and reduce the irreversible active Li loss. It shows that with SNAF interlayer, the thickness of the lithium deposition is close to the theoretical value even up to 10 mAh cm-2, so as to the stripping process. Moreover, it also enabled the AFLMB to work even under the high current density of 4.29 mA cm-2. It is believed this facile interlayer strategy can greatly promote the advancement of AFLMB research.

Magnetically-Controlled Graphite Alignment for Fast and Stable Anion Intercalation

Dual-ion batteries (DIBs) are emerging as promising candidates for fast-charging electric vehicles owing to their ability to intercalate both cations and anions. However, increasing the energy density of DIBs, especially with thick graphite cathodes, remains a challenge due to structural instability during anion intercalation. In this study, a magnetically controlled method is introduced to vertically align graphite particles in thick electrodes, significantly improving the performance of DIBs. This novel architecture creates dense, low-tortuosity paths for fast anion transport and structural stability, allowing for high mass loadings exceeding 20 mg cm-2. The vertically aligned graphite cathodes demonstrate a discharge capacity of 1.02 mAh cm-2 at 5 C, retaining 85.6% capacity after 1000 cycles at 1 C, outperforming randomly and horizontally aligned graphite electrodes. Optimized electrodes also exhibit superior structural integrity and reduced formation of cathode electrolyte interphase compared to conventional designs. This study highlights the effectiveness of electrode architectural optimization in enhancing both energy density and fast-charging capabilities, providing a straightforward approach to developing next-generation DIBs with high performance and stability for practical applications in electric vehicles.

Catalytic Tin Nanodots in Hard Carbon Structures for Enhanced Volumetric and Power Density Batteries

The demand for fast-charging and high-energy-density energy storage systems necessitates advanced anode materials with enhanced performance. This study introduces hard carbon-encaged tin (Sn) nanodots (HCSN) as a versatile composite anode for lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries, designed to address the present challenges. HCSN is synthesized via a sol-gel process and controlled thermal reduction; subsequently, the HCSN700 electrode features uniformly distributed Sn nanodots within a robust hard carbon matrix, effectively mitigating volume expansion and enhancing structural stability. The structure enables fast-charging capabilities through improved electrochemical kinetics and delivers a high volumetric energy density in full cells. In lithium-ion batteries, HCSN700 achieves stable cycling performance and gradual capacity increases driven by catalytic Sn nanodots facilitating reversible Sn-O bond formation. In sodium-ion batteries, the electrode demonstrates reliable long-term operation, leveraging the synergy between hard carbon and nanosized Sn. This work underscores the potential of HCSN700 for high power and volumetric energy density applications in next-generation energy storage systems.

Control of Two Solid Electrolyte Interphases at the Negative Electrode of an Anode-Free All Solid-State Battery based on Argyrodite Electrolyte

Anode-free all solid-state batteries (AF-ASSBs) employ "empty" current collector with three active interfaces that determine electrochemical stability; lithium metal - Solid electrolyte (SE) interphase (SEI-1), lithium - current collector interface, and collector - SE interphase (SEI-2). Argyrodite Li6PS5Cl (LPSCl) solid electrolyte (SE) displays SEI-2 containing copper sulfides, formed even at open circuit. Bilayer of 140 nm magnesium/30 nm tungsten (Mg/W-Cu) controls the three interfaces and allows for state-of-the-art electrochemical performance in half-cells and fullcells. AF-ASSB with NMC811 cathode achieves 150 cycles with Coulombic efficiency (CE) above 99.8%. With high mass-loading cathode (8.6 mAh cm-2), AF-ASSB retains 86.5% capacity after 45 cycles at 0.2C. During electrodeposition of Li, gradient Li-Mg solid solution is formed, which reverses upon electrodissolution. This promotes conformal wetting/dewetting by Li and stabilizes SEI-1 by lowering thermodynamic driving force for SE reduction. Inert refractory W underlayer is required to prevent ongoing formation of SEI-2 that also drives electrochemical degradation. Inert Mo and Nb layers likewise protect Cu from corroding, while Li-alloying layers (Mg, Sn) are less effective due to ongoing volume changes and associated pulverization. Mechanistic explanation for observed Li segregation within alloying LixMg layer is provided through mesoscale modelling, considering opposing roles of diffusivity differences and interfacial stresses.

Low-Cost Intrinsic Flame-Retardant Bio-Based High Performance Polyurethane and its Application in Triboelectric Nanogenerators

Flammability is a significant challenge in polymer-based electronics. In this regard, triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have enabled a safe means for harvesting mechanical energy for conversion into electrical energy. However, most existing polymers used for TENGs are sourced from petroleum-based raw materials and are highly flammable, which can further accelerate the spread of fire and harm the ecological environment. In addition, the existing intrinsic flame-retardant TENGs are not elastic at room temperature, which may potentially damage the flexible equipment and harm firefighters. This study presents an intrinsic flame-retardant bio-based elastic phytic acid polyurethane (PUPA) synthesized using a simple and efficient one-pot polycondensation. The cross-linked structure and polar phosphorus-containing segments of PUPA are fabricated into PUPA-TENG, demonstrating a superior elasticity (elongation up to 660%), flame retardancy (UL94 V-0), impact resistance (34.71 MJ m-3), and dielectric constant (Dk = 9.57). Consequently, this study provides a simple strategy for tailoring TENGs toward environmentally friendly and secure power generators and electronics, which can effectively reduce fire hazards and potentially be applied to other fire-risk fields such as personal protection, firefighting, and new energy.

A Janus Separator Regulating Zinc Deposition Behavior Synergistically by Cellulose and ZrO2 Nanoparticles Toward High-Performance Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) stand out among many energy storage systems due to their many merits, and it's expected to become an alternative to the prevailing alkali metal ion batteries. Nevertheless, the cumbersome manufacturing process and the high cost of conventional separators make them unfavorable for large-scale applications. Herein, inspired by the unique nature of cellulose and ZrO2, a Janus cellulose fiber (CF)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/ZrO2 separator is prepared via the vacuum filtration method. The interwoven cellulose fibers offer robust mechanical strength, which prevents dendrites from penetrating through the separator, while ZrO2 nanoparticles with Maxwell-Wagner effect regulate electric field and effectively promote uniform nucleation. Density functional theory (DFT) reveal CF/PVA/ZrO2 separator's ability to manipulate Zn2+ deposition orientation to Zn (002), resulting in a dendrite-free, compact, and flat anode. Consequently, the obtained Zn||Zn symmetric cell exhibits superior electrochemical performance, able to operate at 1 mA cm-2 for more than 1500 h and 6 mA cm-2 for 400 h. In addition, CF/PVA/ZrO2 separator outperforms the commercially available glass fiber (GF) separator and CF separator when assembled into full cells using either polyaniline (PANI)@carbon nanotube (CNT) or MnO2@CNT as cathode material. This work serves as a reference for the subsequent research in high performance AZIBs.

Modulating Surface Architecture and Electronic Conductivity of Li-rich Manganese-Based Cathode

Li-rich manganese-based cathode (LRMC) has attracted intense attention to developing advanced lithium-ion batteries with high energy density. However, LRMC is still plagued by poor cyclic stability, undesired rate capacity, and irreversible oxygen release. To address these issues, herein, a feasible polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)-assisted interface modification strategy is proposed for modulating the surface architecture and electronic conductivity of LRMC by intruding the F-doped carbon coating, spinel structure, and oxygen vacancy on the LRMC, which can greatly enhance the cyclic stability and rate capacity, and restrain the oxygen release for LRMC. As a result, the modified material delivers satisfactory cyclic performance with a capacity retention of 90.22% after 200 cycles at 1 C, an enhanced rate capacity of 153.58 mAh g-1 at 5 C and 126.32 mAh g-1 at 10 C, and an elevated initial Coulombic efficiency of 85.63%. Moreover, the thermal stability, electronic conductivity, and structure stability of LRMC are also significantly improved by the PVDF-assisted interface modification strategy. Therefore, the strategy of simultaneously modulating the surface architecture and the electronic conductivity of LRMC provides a valuable idea to improve the comprehensive electrochemical performance of LRMC, which offers a promising reference for designing LRMC with high electrochemical performance.

Scientific Discovery Framework Accelerating Advanced Polymeric Materials Design

Organic polymer materials, as the most abundantly produced materials, possess a flammable nature, making them potential hazards to human casualties and property losses. Target polymer design is still hindered due to the lack of a scientific foundation. Herein, we present a robust, generalizable, yet intelligent polymer discovery framework, which synergizes diverse capabilities, including the in situ burning analyzer, virtual reaction generator, and material genomic model, to achieve results that surpass the sum of individual parts. Notably, the high-throughput analyzer created for the first time, grounded in multiple spectroscopic principles, enables in situ capturing of massive combustion intermediates; then, the created realistic apparatus transforming to the virtual reaction generator acquires exponentially more intermediate information; further, the proposed feature engineering tool, which embedded both polymer hierarchical structures and massive intermediate data, develops the generalizable genomic model with excellent universality (adapting over 20 kinds of polymers) and high accuracy (88.8%), succeeding discovering series of novel polymers. This emerging approach addresses the target polymer design for flame-retardant application and underscores a pivotal role in accelerating polymeric materials discovery.

Realization of Enhanced Interfacial Lithium-Ion Transfer in Composite Polymer Electrolytes via Grafting Oligo-PEG Molecular Brushes on Silica-Coated Nanofibers for All-Solid-State Lithium Metal Batteries

Polyether-based polymer electrolytes are attractive but still challenging for high-energy-density solid-state lithium metal batteries due to their limited Li-ion conductivity at room temperature. Herein, an oligomeric polyethylene glycol methyl ether methacrylate (PEGMEM)-modified silica-coated polyimide fibrous scaffold (PINF@PEGMEM-SiO2) was introduced in polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether (PEGDME) to enhance the Li-ion transportation at room temperature. PINF@PEGMEM-SiO2 was developed to build a continuous and interconnected interface for continuous Li-ion transportation in bulk. The carbonyl groups (C═O) of PEGMEM on SiO2 can promote the dissociation of lithium salts and enhance the migration of free Li ions at the interface. The same -C-C-O- unit contained in both PEGMEM and PEGDME ensures the compatibility of PEGMEM at the interface and PEGDME in the bulk. The prepared PEGDME-based polymer electrolyte exhibits a high ionic conductivity of 1.14 × 10-4 S cm-1 at 25 °C and an improved Li-ion transference number of 0.41. Furthermore, LiFePO4/Li and LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2/Li cells with excellent cyclability and rate capability at ambient temperature are obtained.

Facile Lithium Densification Kinetics by Hyperporous/Hybrid Conductor for High-Energy-Density Lithium Metal Batteries

Lithium metal anode (LMA) emerges as a promising candidate for lithium (Li)-based battery chemistries with high-energy-density. However, inhomogeneous charge distribution from the unbalanced ion/electron transport causes dendritic Li deposition, leading to "dead Li" and parasitic reactions, particularly at high Li utilization ratios (low negative/positive ratios in full cells). Herein, an innovative LMA structural model deploying a hyperporous/hybrid conductive architecture is proposed on single-walled carbon nanotube film (HCA/C), fabricated through a nonsolvent induced phase separation process. This design integrates ionic polymers with conductive carbon, offering a substantial improvement over traditional metal current collectors by reducing the weight of LMA and enabling high-energy-density batteries. The HCA/C promotes uniform lithium deposition even under rapid charging (up to 5 mA cm-2) owing to its efficient mixed ion/electron conduction pathways. Thus, the HCA/C demonstrates stable cycling for 200 cycles with a low negative/positive ratio of 1.0 when paired with a LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 cathode (areal capacity of 5.0 mAh cm-2). Furthermore, a stacked pouch-type full cell using HCA/C realizes a high energy density of 344 Wh kg-1 cell/951 Wh L-1 cell based on the total mass of the cell, exceeding previously reported pouch-type full cells. This work paves the way for LMA development in high-energy-density Li metal batteries.

Modulation of Radical Intermediates in Rechargeable Organic Batteries

Organic materials have been considered as promising electrodes for next-generation rechargeable batteries in view of their sustainability, structural flexibility, and potential recyclability. The radical intermediates generated during the redox process of organic electrodes have profound effect on the reversible capacity, operation voltage, rate performance, and cycling stability. However, the radicals are highly reactive and have very short lifetime during the redox of organic materials. Great efforts have been devoted to capturing and investigating the radical intermediates in organic electrodes. Herein, this review summarizes the importance, history, structures, and working principles of organic radicals in rechargeable batteries. More importantly, challenges and strategies to track and regulate the radicals in organic batteries are highlighted. Finally, further perspectives of organic radicals are proposed for the development of next-generation high-performance rechargeable organic batteries.

Click Chemistry in Lithium-Metal Batteries

Lithium-metal batteries (LMBs) are considered the "holy grail" of the next-generation energy storage systems, and solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) are a kind of critical component assembled in LMBs. However, as one of the most important branches of SSEs, polymer-based electrolytes (PEs) possess several native drawbacks including insufficient ionic conductivity and so on. Click chemistry is a simple, efficient, regioselective, and stereoselective synthesis method, which can be used not only for preparing PEs with outstanding physical and chemical performances, but also for optimizing the stability of solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer and elevate the cycling properties of LMBs effectively. Here it is primarily focused on evaluating the merits of click chemistry, summarizing its existing challenges and outlining its increasing role for the designing and fabrication of advanced PEs. The fundamental requirements for reconstructing artificial SEI layer through click chemistry are also summarized, with the aim to offer a thorough comprehension and provide a strategic guidance for exploring the potentials of click chemistry in the field of LMBs.

Anchoring π-d Conjugated Metal-Organic Frameworks with Dual-Active Centers on Carbon Nanotubes for Advanced Potassium-Ion Batteries

Potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) are gradually gaining attention owing to their natural abundance, excellent security, and high energy density. However, developing excellent organic cathode materials for PIBs to overcome the poor cycling stability and slow kinetics caused by the large radii of K+ ions is challenging. This study demonstrates for the first time the application of a hexaazanonaphthalene (HATN)-based 2D π-d conjugated metal-organic framework (2D c-MOF) with dual-active centers (Cu-HATNH) and integrates Cu-HATNH with carbon nanotubes (Cu-HATNH@CNT) as the cathode material for PIBs. Owing to this systematic module integration and more exposed active sites with high utilization, Cu-HATNH@CNT exhibits a high initial capacity (317.5 mA h g-1 at 0.1 A g-1 ), excellent long-term cycling stability (capacity retention of 96.8% at 5 A g-1 after 2200 cycles), and outstanding rate capacity (147.1 mA h g-1 at 10 A g-1 ). The reaction mechanism and performance are determined by combining experimental characterization and density functional theory calculations. This contribution provides new opportunities for designing high-performance 2D c-MOF cathodes with multiple active sites for PIBs.

Azacyclic Anchor-Enabled Cohesive Graphite Electrodes for Sustainable Anion Storage

Advanced energy-storage devices are indispensable for expanding electric mobility applications. While anion intercalation-type redox chemistry in graphite cathodes has opened the path to high-energy-density batteries, surpassing the limited energy density of conventional lithium-ion batteries , a significant challenge remains: the large volume expansion of graphite upon anion intercalation. In this study, a novel polymeric binder and cohesive graphite cathode design for dual-ion batteries (DIBs) is presented, which exhibits remarkable stability even under high voltage conditions (>5 V). The innovative binder incorporates an acrylate moiety ensuring superior oxidative stability and self-healing features, along with an azide moiety, which allows for azacyclic covalent bonding with graphite and interchain crosslinking. A simple 1-h ultraviolet treatment is sufficient for binder fixation within the electrode, leading to the covalent bond formation with graphite and the creation of a robust three-dimensional network. This modification facilitates deeper and more reversible anion intercalation, leading to improved capacity, extended lifespan, and sustainable anion storage. The binder design, exhibiting exceptional adhesive properties and effective stress mitigation, enables the construction of ultrathick graphite cathodes. These findings provide valuable insights for the development of advanced binders, paving the way for high-performance DIBs.

Monodispersed Sub-1 nm Inorganic Cluster Chains in Polymers for Solid Electrolytes with Enhanced Li-Ion Transport

The organic-inorganic interfaces can enhance Li+ transport in composite solid-state electrolytes (CSEs) due to the strong interface interactions. However, Li+ non-conductive areas in CSEs with inert fillers will hinder the construction of efficient Li+ transport channels. Herein, CSEs with fully active Li+ conductive networks are proposed to improve Li+ transport by composing sub-1 nm inorganic cluster chains and organic polymer chains. The inorganic cluster chains are monodispersed in polymer matrix by a brief mixed-solvent strategy, their sub-1 nm diameter and ultrafine dispersion state eliminate Li+ non-conductive areas in the interior of inert fillers and filler-agglomeration, respectively, providing rich surface areas for interface interactions. Therefore, the 3D networks connected by the monodispersed cluster chains finally construct homogeneous, large-scale, continuous Li+ fast transport channels. Furthermore, a conjecture about 1D oriented distribution of organic polymer chains along the inorganic cluster chains is proposed to optimize Li+ pathways. Consequently, the as-obtained CSEs possess high ionic conductivity at room temperature (0.52 mS cm-1 ), high Li+ transference number (0.62), and more mobile Li+ (50.7%). The assembled LiFePO4 /Li cell delivers excellent stability of 1000 cycles at 0.5 C and 700 cycles at 1 C. This research provides a new strategy for enhancing Li+ transport by efficient interfaces.

A phthalocyanine-based porous organic polymer for a lithium-ion battery anode

Porous organic polymers (POPs) are a novel class of polymeric materials with high flexibility and designability for building structures. Herein, a phthalocyanine-based porous organic polymer (PcPOP) was constructed in situ on copper foil from H2Pc(ethynyl)4 [Pc(ethynyl)4 = 2(3),9(10),16(17),23(24)-tetra(ethynyl)phthalocyanine] by the coupling reaction. Benefiting from the uniformly distributed electron-rich nitrogen atoms in the Pc structure and the sp-hybridized carbons in the acetylenic linkage, Li intercalation in the porous organic polymer would be improved and stabilized. As a result, PcPOP showed remarkable electrochemical performance in lithium-ion batteries as the anode, including high specific capacity (a charge capacity of 1172 mA h g-1 at a current density of 150 mA g-1) and long cycling stability (a reversible capacity of 960.1 mA h g-1 can be achieved even after 600 cycles at a current density of 1500 mA g-1). The result indicates that the intrinsic doping of electron-rich sites of the building molecules is beneficial for the electrochemical performance of the porous organic polymer.

Sandwich-Structured Quasi-Solid Polymer Electrolyte Enables High-Capacity, Long-Cycling, and Dendrite-Free Lithium Metal Battery at Room Temperature

The insufficient ionic conductivity, limited lithium-ion transference number (t_Li +), and high interfacial impedance severely hinder the practical application of quasi-solid polymer electrolytes (QSPEs). Here, a sandwich-structured polyacrylonitrile (PAN) based QSPE is constructedin which MXene-SiO₂ nanosheets act as a functional filler to facilitate the rapid transfer of lithium-ion in the QSPE, and a polymer and plastic crystalline electrolyte (PPCE) interface modification layer is coated on the surface of the PAN-based QSPE of 3 wt.% MXene-SiO₂ (SS-PPCE/PAN-3%) to reduce interfacial impedance. Consequently, the synthesized SS-PPCE/PAN-3% QSPE delivers a promising ionic conductivity of ≈1.7 mS cm^-1 at 30 °C, a satisfactory t_Li + of 0.51, and a low interfacial impedance. As expected, the assembled Li symmetric battery with SS-PPCE/PAN-3% QSPE can stably cycle more than 1550 h at 0.2 mA cm^-2 . The Li||LiFePO₄ quasi-solid-state lithium metal battery (QSSLMB) of this QSPE exhibits a high capacity retention of 81.5% after 300 cycles at 1.0 C and at RT. Even under the high-loading cathode (LiFePO₄  ≈ 10.0 mg cm^-2 ) and RT, the QSSLMB achieves a superior area capacity and good cycling performance. Besides, the assembled high voltage Li||NMC811(loading ≈ 7.1 mg cm^-2 ) QSSLMB has potential applications in high-energy fields.