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Jiang W, Xiao Q, Zhu W, Zhang F. Engineering the regulation strategy of active sites to explore the intrinsic mechanism over single‑atom catalysts in electrocatalysis. J Colloid Interface Sci 2025; 693:137595. [PMID: 40233691 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2025.137595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2025] [Revised: 04/01/2025] [Accepted: 04/11/2025] [Indexed: 04/17/2025]
Abstract
The development of efficient and sustainable energy sources is a crucial strategy for addressing energy and environmental crises, with a particular focus on high-performance catalysts. Single-atom catalysts (SACs) have attracted significant attention because of their exceptionally high atom utilization efficiency and outstanding selectivity, offering broad application prospects in energy development and chemical production. This review systematically summarizes the latest research progress on SACs in five key electrochemical reactions: hydrogen evolution reaction, oxygen reduction reaction, carbon dioxide reduction reaction, nitrogen reduction reaction, and oxygen evolution reaction. Initially, a brief overview of the current understanding of electrocatalytic active sites in SACs is provided. Subsequently, the electrocatalytic mechanisms of these reactions are discussed. Emphasis is placed on various modification strategies for SAC surface-active sites, including coordination environment regulation, electronic structure modulation, support structure regulation, the introduction of structural defects, and multifunctional site design, all aimed at enhancing electrocatalytic performance. This review comprehensively examines SAC deactivation and poisoning mechanisms, highlighting the importance of stability enhancement for practical applications. It also explores the integration of density functional theory calculations and machine learning to elucidate the fundamental principles of catalyst design and performance optimization. Furthermore, various synthesis strategies for industrial-scale production are summarized, providing insights into commercialization. Finally, perspectives on future research directions for SACs are highlighted, including synthesis strategies, deeper insights into active sites, the application of artificial intelligence tools, and standardized testing and performance requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Jiang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Xiao
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, People's Republic of China
| | - Weidong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, People's Republic of China
| | - Fumin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Sun L, Gu Q, Yuwono JA, Zhou J, Johannessen B, Zhao L, Zhang C, Li G, Guo Z, Zhang S. High-Performance Aprotic Li-CO 2 Battery Enabled by the Ru Heterophase Catalyst. ACS NANO 2025. [PMID: 40396689 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5c03827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2025]
Abstract
Aprotic Li-CO2 batteries (LCBs) hold promise for mitigating the greenhouse effect while generating electric power, yet their development remains nascent due to the sluggish CO2 activation and irreversible discharge product formation, requiring efficient catalysts to address these challenges. Herein, we developed ∼5.5 nm fcc + hcp Ru heterophase nanoparticles on a Ketjen black (KB) matrix (Rufcc+hcp/KB) as a dual-functional catalyst for LCBs. X-ray absorption spectroscopy revealed charge redistribution in the fcc + hcp heterophase and under-coordinated Ru sites, which serve as abundant active sites to boost catalytic activity. Theoretical calculations evidenced that the heterophase interface lowers the free energy barriers of the desorption of the *Li2CO3 step (*Li2CO3 → Li2CO3) and the decomposition of the *Li2C2O4 step (*Li2C2O4 → *LiC2O4 + Li), facilitating both the nucleation and decomposition of Li2CO3. Thus, the Rufcc+hcp/KB catalyst exhibited a low overpotential of 0.73 V and long-term cycling stability exceeding 2260 h (at 100 mA g-1 with a capacity of 1000 mA h g-1), outperforming Rufcc/KB (1.14 V, 1260 h), Ruhcp/KB (0.90 V, 1480 h), and previously reported Ru-based catalysts. Our findings highlight crystalline phase engineering as an effective strategy to enhance catalytic performance in LCBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5000, Australia
| | - Qinfen Gu
- Australian Synchrotron, ANSTO, Clayton 3168, Australia
| | - Jodie A Yuwono
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5000, Australia
| | - Jingwen Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Bernt Johannessen
- Australian Synchrotron, ANSTO, Clayton 3168, Australia
- Institute for Superconducting & Electronic Materials, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
| | - Lingfei Zhao
- Institute for Superconducting & Electronic Materials, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
| | - Chaofeng Zhang
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Guanjie Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5000, Australia
| | - Zaiping Guo
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5000, Australia
| | - Shilin Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5000, Australia
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3
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Chen S, Cao T, Yan W, Zhao K, Guo Y, Wu T, Zhang D, Ma M, Han Y, Huang J. Continuous coordination modulation with different heteroatoms unveils favorable single-atom Ni sites for near-unity CO selectivity in CO 2 electroreduction. Chem Sci 2025:d5sc01998b. [PMID: 40365051 PMCID: PMC12067293 DOI: 10.1039/d5sc01998b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2025] [Accepted: 05/02/2025] [Indexed: 05/15/2025] Open
Abstract
Coordination modulation is a key strategy for enhancing the catalytic activity of single-atom catalysts (SACs) in CO2 electroreduction. However, achieving such modulation within the same framework by incorporating an array of heteroatoms with differing electronic properties remains unexplored, despite its potential for optimizing active sites. Here, we investigate unprecedentedly three Ni-based SACs (N3Ni-C, N3Ni-N, and N3Ni-O), where varying coordinating atoms (C, N, and O) modulate continuously the electronic structure to explore their effects on CO2 electroreduction. Compared to the N3Ni-N catalyst with classic Ni-N4 coordination, N3Ni-C demonstrates significantly enhanced CO2 conversion, achieving remarkably a near-unity Faradaic efficiency for CO (99.3%) at -0.7 VRHE in the H-cell and a CO partial current density of 396.8 mA cm-2 at -1.15 VRHE in the flow cell, whereas N3Ni-O exhibits inferior performance. Operando and computational investigations reveal that both C- and O-coordination enhance CO2 hydrogenation by elevating the Ni d-band center, thereby strengthening *COOH intermediate adsorption. However, the concurrent promotion of the hydrogen evolution reaction competes with CO2 reduction, ultimately leading to opposite effects on performance. This work provides atomic-level insights into CO2 electroreduction mechanisms and offers compelling strategies for improving SAC performance via coordination modulation with heteroatoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangqun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University Chongqing 400044 P. R. China
| | - Tong Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University Chongqing 400044 P. R. China
| | - Wen Yan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Ke Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University Chongqing 400044 P. R. China
| | - Yalin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University Chongqing 400044 P. R. China
| | - Tiantian Wu
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Daliang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University Chongqing 400044 P. R. China
| | - Ming Ma
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Yu Han
- Center for Electron Microscopy, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
| | - Jianfeng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University Chongqing 400044 P. R. China
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4
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Gu X, Zhang Q, Chen Q, Yang Z, Zhai Q, Jiao Y, Zuo J, Duan H, Zhai P, Gong Y. A Lithium Dendrite Inhibitor in Graphite Anodes Enabling Fast-Charging and Low-Temperature Lithium-Ion Pouch Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2025; 37:e2501448. [PMID: 40150967 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202501448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2025] [Indexed: 03/29/2025]
Abstract
Under harsh conditions, such as high-rate and low-temperature charging, part of Li ions cannot intercalate into the graphite (Gr) particles and will form dendrite-like Li plating, causing capacity fading and serious safety hazards in commercial lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Herein, instead of eliminating the Li plating, a Li plating regulation strategy that transforms dead Li plating into reversible active Li plating is proposed by using a lithium dendrite inhibitor to realize safe and long-lifespan LIBs. Remarkably, only 1 wt.% single-atom manganese (SAMn) in the Gr anode (Gr-SAMn) is sufficient to achieve a significant improvement, thus both the volumetric and mass-energy density remain roughly unaffected. The amount of dead Li on the Gr anode can be reduced by 90%, thereby enabling much-improved pouch cell performance at high rates and low temperatures. The capacity retention of the Gr-SAMn||NCM811 pouch cell is 86.2% (23.0% higher than that of the pristine Gr||NCM811 pouch) for 1500 cycles at 2 C, and the cell can even be cycled at 5C charge. Even cycling at -20 °C, the average coulombic efficiency (CE) can be improved from 97.95% to 99.94% by using SAMn additive. Hence, this promising strategy provides a novel alternative to solve the Li plating issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokang Gu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Qiannan Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Qian Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Zhilin Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Qingwei Zhai
- Jinan Zhongruitai New Material Technology Co., Ltd, Jinan, Shandong, 250300, P.R. China
| | - Yuying Jiao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Jinghan Zuo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Huiping Duan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Pengbo Zhai
- Tianmushan Laboratory, Beihang University, Hangzhou, 311115, P. R. China
| | - Yongji Gong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
- The Analysis & Testing Center, Beihang University, Beijing, 102206, P. R. China
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5
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Wen Z, Mu X, Sun X, Xu Z, Zheng M, Zhou H, He P. Boosting Li-CO 2 Battery Performance via High-Entropy Alloy Catalysts: Insights into Configurational Entropy Effect. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2025; 64:e202424121. [PMID: 39921396 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202424121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2025] [Accepted: 02/07/2025] [Indexed: 02/10/2025]
Abstract
Li-CO2 batteries have attracted considerable attention for their ability to combine CO2 fixation and conversion with high-density energy storage. However, sluggish kinetics of CO2 reduction and evolution reactions at cathodes lead to large overpotentials and poor cyclic stability. To address this issue, it is critical to develop advanced cathode catalysts. High-entropy alloys (HEAs), a new class of catalysts, have exhibited exceptional catalytic activities in various electrochemical reactions. Nevertheless, the intrinsic relationship between mix configurational entropy (▵Smix) and catalytic properties of HEAs remains unclear. Herein, we prepared a series of quinary FeCoNiCuRu alloys with different ▵Smix values supported on carbon nanofibers as cathode catalysts in Li-CO2 batteries. Experimental and computational results reveal a positive correlation between ▵Smix and catalytic activity, attributed to charge redistribution among elements with different electronegativities. The Li-CO2 battery using the alloy catalyst with the maximum ▵Smix value delivers the largest capacity of 6160 mAh g-1, the lowest charge potential plateau below 4.0 V, and remarkable cycling stability (550 cycles/5500 h), surpassing most reported Ru-based catalysts. Furthermore, fabrication of pouch cells with low noble metal loading demonstrates the practical potential of HEAs for Li-CO2 batteries. This work provides insights into high-entropy engineering for advanced electrocatalysts in Li-CO2 batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Wen
- Center of Energy Storage Materials & Technology, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Xiaowei Mu
- Center of Energy Storage Materials & Technology, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, P. R. China
| | - Xinyi Sun
- Center of Energy Storage Materials & Technology, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Zhenming Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Technologies, College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 211106, P. R. China
| | - Mingbo Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Technologies, College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 211106, P. R. China
| | - Haoshen Zhou
- Center of Energy Storage Materials & Technology, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Ping He
- Center of Energy Storage Materials & Technology, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
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6
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Hu X, Ma Z, Zhang B, Wang J, Zhou Y, Li J, Liu T, Zhang J, Hong B, Zhu M, Li F, Ling D. A Single-Atom Mn/MoO 3- x Nanoagonist for Cascade cGAS/STING Activation in Tumor-Specific Catalytic Metalloimmunotherapy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2025; 21:e2407214. [PMID: 39498728 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202407214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2024] [Revised: 10/07/2024] [Indexed: 11/07/2024]
Abstract
The cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)/stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway plays a crucial role in initiating anti-tumor immunity. Despite the development of various STING agonists, their effectiveness is often limited by suboptimal activation efficiency and poor sustainability. To address this, a Mn/MoO3- x nanoagonist featuring Mn single-atom sites is presented, designed for cascade cGAS/STING activation in tumor-specific catalytic metalloimmunotherapy. The single-atom nanoagonist (SANA) is meticulously crafted by doping Mn atoms into defective molybdenum oxide (MoO3- x), enabling robust peroxidase-mimicking catalysis and inducing severe double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) damage in tumors. Of note, Mn2+ and MoO4 2- can be responsively released from Mn/MoO3- x SANA and enhance the sensitivity of cGAS to dsDNA. Importantly, MoO4 2- with a relatively slow-release profile and facile cellular accumulation compensates for Mn2+ that has poor cellular accumulation due to continuous efflux, thus continuatively triggering the secretion of type I interferon for beyond 72 h. Remarkably, Mn/MoO3- x SANA significantly inhibits tumor growth and metastasis without supplementary STING agonists or external stimulation. This study offers a promising cascade cGAS/STING activation approach to enhance the efficacy and sustainability of catalytic metalloimmunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, 230038, China
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, 230038, China
| | - Zhiyuan Ma
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- WLA Laboratories, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jie Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, 230038, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Songjiang Research Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Emotions and Affective Disorders (LEAD), Songjiang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201600, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jun Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Tianqi Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, 230038, China
| | - Jingxin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, 230038, China
| | - Bangzhen Hong
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, 230038, China
| | - Mingjian Zhu
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Fangyuan Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Songjiang Research Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Emotions and Affective Disorders (LEAD), Songjiang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201600, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Daishun Ling
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- WLA Laboratories, Shanghai, 201203, China
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7
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Wei S, Zhu J, Chen X, Yang R, Gu K, Li L, Chiang CY, Mai L, Chen S. Planar chlorination engineering induced symmetry-broken single-atom site catalyst for enhanced CO 2 electroreduction. Nat Commun 2025; 16:1652. [PMID: 39952945 PMCID: PMC11829013 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-56271-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2025] [Indexed: 02/17/2025] Open
Abstract
Breaking the geometric symmetry of traditional metal-N4 sites and further boosting catalytic activity are significant but challenging. Herein, planar chlorination engineering is proposed for successfully converting the traditional Zn-N4 site with low activity and selectivity for CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) into highly active Zn-N3 site with broken symmetry. The optimal catalyst Zn-SA/CNCl-1000 displays a highest faradaic efficiency for CO (FECO) around 97 ± 3% and good stability during 50 h test at high current density of 200 mA/cm2 in zero-gap membrane electrode assembly (MEA) electrolyzer, with promising application in industrial catalysis. At -0.93 V vs. RHE, the partial current density of CO (JCO) and the turnover frequency (TOF) value catalyzed by Zn-SA/CNCl-1000 are 271.7 ± 1.4 mA/cm2 and 29325 ± 151 h-1, as high as 29 times and 83 times those of Zn-SA/CN-1000 without planar chlorination engineering. The in-situ extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) measurements and density functional theory (DFT) calculation reveal the adjacent C-Cl bond induces the self-reconstruction of Zn-N4 site into the highly active Zn-N3 sites with broken symmetry, strengthening the adsorption of *COOH intermediate, and thus remarkably improving CO2RR activity.
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Grants
- This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2022YFB2404300, L.M.), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 52273231, L.M.), (No. 22109123, L.M.), (No. 22405261, L.L.) and (No. 22409159, S.C.), the National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents of China (No. BX20220159, S.W.), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2023M731785, S.W.), (2023TQ0341, L.L.), (2023M743369, L.L.), the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province (No. 2022CFD089, L.M.), Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi (Program No. 2024JC-YBQN-0119, S.C.) and (No. 2023SYJ04, S.C.), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (WK2060000068, L.L.), the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF (GZB20230706, L.L.), and the Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation (2408085QB046, L.L.). Prof. Shenghua Chen acknowledges the Young Talent Support Plan of Xi'an Jiaotong University (71211223010707, S.C.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjie Wei
- Center Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Life Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Jiexin Zhu
- National Innovation Platform (Center) for Industry-Education Integration of Energy Storage Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, P. R. China.
| | - Xingbao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Rongyan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria of Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering of Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Kailong Gu
- National Innovation Platform (Center) for Industry-Education Integration of Energy Storage Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Lei Li
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China.
| | - Ching-Yu Chiang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan.
| | - Liqiang Mai
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, P. R. China.
| | - Shenghua Chen
- National Innovation Platform (Center) for Industry-Education Integration of Energy Storage Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China.
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8
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Tian X, Liu H, Cao B, Zhang P, Li Y, Ou Y, Cui H, Xu M, Xu B. Zn and Cl Coregulated MXene Catalyst Enhances Li-CO 2 Battery Reversibility. ACS NANO 2024; 18:35738-35748. [PMID: 39692627 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c15780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2024]
Abstract
MXenes are promising cathodes for Li-CO2 batteries owing to their high electrical conductivity and efficient CO2 activation function. However, the effects of adsorption and electronic structures of MXene on the full life cycle of Li-CO2 batteries have been rarely investigated. Here, we employ a coregulation approach to enhance the adsorption-decomposition of lithium carbonate (Li2CO3) by introducing Zn and Cl surface groups onto the Ti3C2 MXene (Zn-Ti3C2Cl2) catalyst. The incorporation of Cl surface groups enhances Li2CO3 adsorption on the MXene catalyst surface, resulting in the formation of small-sized and uniform Li2CO3. Additionally, the introduction of Zn shifts the d-band centers of titanium and promotes CO2 evolution reaction (CO2ER) activity, thereby facilitating the decomposition of discharge products. As a result, the Li-CO2 battery based on the Zn-Ti3C2Cl2 catalyst exhibits an ultralow overpotential (0.72 V) at 200 mA g-1 and stable cycling for up to 1500 h. This work validates the efficacy of promoting reversibility in Li-CO2 batteries by adjusting the adsorption-decomposition process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Huan Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Bin Cao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Quantum Materials and Quantum Energy, School of Quantum Information Future Technology, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yanze Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yanchao Ou
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Haonan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Mengyao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Bin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Reaction Engineering, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, China
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9
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Jian ZC, Guo JX, Liu YF, Zhu YF, Wang J, Xiao Y. Cation migration in layered oxide cathodes for sodium-ion batteries: fundamental failure mechanisms and practical modulation strategies. Chem Sci 2024; 15:19698-19728. [PMID: 39574539 PMCID: PMC11577437 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc05206d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2024] [Accepted: 10/19/2024] [Indexed: 11/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are regarded as competitive candidates for the next generation of electrochemical energy storage (EES) systems due to their low cost and abundant sodium resources. Layered oxide cathodes have attracted much interest owing to their simple preparation process, high specific capacity and environmental friendliness. However, undesired cation migration during electrochemical reactions can lead to irreversible phase transitions and structural degradation of layered oxide cathode materials, resulting in a sharp decrease in specific capacity and energy density. Therefore, in order to find effective strategies to suppress cation migration, the fundamental failure mechanism of layered oxides and the practical approaches to solve this key scientific issue are thoroughly investigated, and herein the history and current status of developments in this field are also reviewed. Elemental doping and structural design can directionally modify the electronic structure, energy band structure and electronic density of states in layered oxides and enhance cation migration barriers, which benefits the improvement of electrochemical performance and structural stability during the whole sodiation/desodiation process. The summary and prospects of inhibiting cation migration in layered oxides provide insights into the development of advanced cathode materials with high energy density and excellent structural stability for the commercialization of SIBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuang-Chun Jian
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University Wenzhou 325035 P. R. China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sodium-Ion Batteries, Wenzhou University Technology Innovation Institute for Carbon Neutralization Wenzhou 325035 P. R. China
| | - Jun-Xu Guo
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University Wenzhou 325035 P. R. China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sodium-Ion Batteries, Wenzhou University Technology Innovation Institute for Carbon Neutralization Wenzhou 325035 P. R. China
| | - Yi-Feng Liu
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sodium-Ion Batteries, Wenzhou University Technology Innovation Institute for Carbon Neutralization Wenzhou 325035 P. R. China
| | - Yan-Fang Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University Wenzhou 325035 P. R. China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sodium-Ion Batteries, Wenzhou University Technology Innovation Institute for Carbon Neutralization Wenzhou 325035 P. R. China
| | - Jingqiang Wang
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sodium-Ion Batteries, Wenzhou University Technology Innovation Institute for Carbon Neutralization Wenzhou 325035 P. R. China
| | - Yao Xiao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University Wenzhou 325035 P. R. China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sodium-Ion Batteries, Wenzhou University Technology Innovation Institute for Carbon Neutralization Wenzhou 325035 P. R. China
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10
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Zhu ZS, Zhong S, Cheng C, Zhou H, Sun H, Duan X, Wang S. Microenvironment Engineering of Heterogeneous Catalysts for Liquid-Phase Environmental Catalysis. Chem Rev 2024; 124:11348-11434. [PMID: 39383063 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.4c00276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2024]
Abstract
Environmental catalysis has emerged as a scientific frontier in mitigating water pollution and advancing circular chemistry and reaction microenvironment significantly influences the catalytic performance and efficiency. This review delves into microenvironment engineering within liquid-phase environmental catalysis, categorizing microenvironments into four scales: atom/molecule-level modulation, nano/microscale-confined structures, interface and surface regulation, and external field effects. Each category is analyzed for its unique characteristics and merits, emphasizing its potential to significantly enhance catalytic efficiency and selectivity. Following this overview, we introduced recent advancements in advanced material and system design to promote liquid-phase environmental catalysis (e.g., water purification, transformation to value-added products, and green synthesis), leveraging state-of-the-art microenvironment engineering technologies. These discussions showcase microenvironment engineering was applied in different reactions to fine-tune catalytic regimes and improve the efficiency from both thermodynamics and kinetics perspectives. Lastly, we discussed the challenges and future directions in microenvironment engineering. This review underscores the potential of microenvironment engineering in intelligent materials and system design to drive the development of more effective and sustainable catalytic solutions to environmental decontamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Shuai Zhu
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Austraia 5005, Australia
| | - Shuang Zhong
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Austraia 5005, Australia
| | - Cheng Cheng
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Austraia 5005, Australia
| | - Hongyu Zhou
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Austraia 5005, Australia
| | - Hongqi Sun
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Xiaoguang Duan
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Austraia 5005, Australia
| | - Shaobin Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Austraia 5005, Australia
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11
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Deng Q, Yin K, Yang Y, Liu H, Yang C, Zhang Y. Creating CoRu Dual Active Sites Codecorated Stable Porous Ceria Support for Enhanced Li-CO 2 Batteries Cathodes. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2402447. [PMID: 38940363 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202402447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Lithium-carbon dioxide (Li-CO2) battery represents a high-energy density energy storage with excellent real-time CO2 enrichment and conversion, but its practical utilization is hampered by the development of an excellent catalytic cathode. Here, the synergistic catalytic strategy of designing CoRu bimetallic active sites achieves the electrocatalytic conversion of CO2 and the efficient decomposition of the discharge products, which in turn realizes the smooth operation of the Li-CO2 battery. Moreover, obtained support based on metal-organic frameworks precursors facilitates the convenient diffusion and adsorption of CO2, resulting in higher reaction concentration and lower mass transfer resistance. Meanwhile, the optimization of the interfacial electronic structure and the effective transfer of electrons are achieved by virtue of the strong interaction of CoRu at the support interface. As a result, the Li-CO2 cell assembled based on bimetallic CoRu active sites achieved a discharge capacity of 19,111 mA h g-1 and a steady-state discharge voltage of 2.58 V as well as a cycle life of >175 cycles at a rate of 100 mA g-1. Further experiments combined with density-functional theory calculations achieve a deeply view of the connection between cathode and electrochemical performance and pave a way for the subsequent development of advanced Li-CO2 catalytic cathodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Deng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Kai Yin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Yong Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Huan Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Chenghan Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Yiwei Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
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12
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Tiwari JN, Kumar K, Safarkhani M, Umer M, Vilian ATE, Beloqui A, Bhaskaran G, Huh YS, Han Y. Materials Containing Single-, Di-, Tri-, and Multi-Metal Atoms Bonded to C, N, S, P, B, and O Species as Advanced Catalysts for Energy, Sensor, and Biomedical Applications. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2403197. [PMID: 38946671 PMCID: PMC11580296 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202403197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Modifying the coordination or local environments of single-, di-, tri-, and multi-metal atom (SMA/DMA/TMA/MMA)-based materials is one of the best strategies for increasing the catalytic activities, selectivity, and long-term durability of these materials. Advanced sheet materials supported by metal atom-based materials have become a critical topic in the fields of renewable energy conversion systems, storage devices, sensors, and biomedicine owing to the maximum atom utilization efficiency, precisely located metal centers, specific electron configurations, unique reactivity, and precise chemical tunability. Several sheet materials offer excellent support for metal atom-based materials and are attractive for applications in energy, sensors, and medical research, such as in oxygen reduction, oxygen production, hydrogen generation, fuel production, selective chemical detection, and enzymatic reactions. The strong metal-metal and metal-carbon with metal-heteroatom (i.e., N, S, P, B, and O) bonds stabilize and optimize the electronic structures of the metal atoms due to strong interfacial interactions, yielding excellent catalytic activities. These materials provide excellent models for understanding the fundamental problems with multistep chemical reactions. This review summarizes the substrate structure-activity relationship of metal atom-based materials with different active sites based on experimental and theoretical data. Additionally, the new synthesis procedures, physicochemical characterizations, and energy and biomedical applications are discussed. Finally, the remaining challenges in developing efficient SMA/DMA/TMA/MMA-based materials are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitendra N. Tiwari
- Department of Energy and Materials EngineeringDongguk University‐SeoulSeoul100715Republic of Korea
| | - Krishan Kumar
- POLYMATApplied Chemistry DepartmentFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of the Basque Country UPV/EHUPaseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3Danostia‐San Sebastian20018Spain
| | - Moein Safarkhani
- Department of Biological Sciences and BioengineeringNano Bio High‐Tech Materials Research CenterInha UniversityIncheon22212Republic of Korea
- School of ChemistryDamghan UniversityDamghan36716‐45667Iran
| | - Muhammad Umer
- Bernal InstituteDepartment of Chemical SciencesUniversity of LimerickLimerickV94 T9PXRepublic of Ireland
| | - A. T. Ezhil Vilian
- Department of Energy and Materials EngineeringDongguk University‐SeoulSeoul100715Republic of Korea
| | - Ana Beloqui
- POLYMATApplied Chemistry DepartmentFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of the Basque Country UPV/EHUPaseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3Danostia‐San Sebastian20018Spain
- IKERBASQUEBasque Foundation for SciencePlaza Euskadi 5Bilbao48009Spain
| | - Gokul Bhaskaran
- Department of Biological Sciences and BioengineeringNano Bio High‐Tech Materials Research CenterInha UniversityIncheon22212Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Suk Huh
- Department of Biological Sciences and BioengineeringNano Bio High‐Tech Materials Research CenterInha UniversityIncheon22212Republic of Korea
| | - Young‐Kyu Han
- Department of Energy and Materials EngineeringDongguk University‐SeoulSeoul100715Republic of Korea
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13
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Han J, Xu Q, Tian F, Sun H, Qi Y, Zhang G, Qin JS, Rao H. Graphite conjugated nickel phthalocyanine for efficient CO 2 electroreduction and Zn-CO 2 batteries. Chem Sci 2024:d4sc02682a. [PMID: 39246341 PMCID: PMC11378008 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc02682a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The linking chemistry between molecular catalysts and substrates is a crucial challenge for enhancing electrocatalytic performance. Herein, we elucidate the influence of various immobilization methods of amino-substituted Ni phthalocyanine catalysts on their electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (eCO2RR) activity. A graphite-conjugated Ni phthalocyanine, Ni(NH2)8Pc-GC, demonstrates remarkable electrocatalytic performance both in H-type and flow cells. In situ infrared spectroscopy and theoretical calculations reveal that the graphite conjugation, through strong electronic coupling, increases the electron density of the active site, reduces the adsorption energy barrier of *COOH, and enhances the catalytic performance. As the cathode catalyst, Ni(NH2)8Pc-GC also displays remarkable charge-discharge cycle stability of over 50 hours in a Zn-CO2 battery. These findings underscore the significance of immobilization methods and highlight the potential for further advancements in eCO2RR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Han
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, International Center of Future Science, Jilin University 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Qiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, International Center of Future Science, Jilin University 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Fengkun Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, International Center of Future Science, Jilin University 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Hai Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, International Center of Future Science, Jilin University 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, International Center of Future Science, Jilin University 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Guodong Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University Siwangting Road 180 Yangzhou P. R. China
| | - Jun-Sheng Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, International Center of Future Science, Jilin University 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Heng Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, International Center of Future Science, Jilin University 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 P. R. China
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14
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Hao Q, Zhen C, Tang Q, Wang J, Ma P, Wu J, Wang T, Liu D, Xie L, Liu X, Gu MD, Hoffmann MR, Yu G, Liu K, Lu J. Universal Formation of Single Atoms from Molten Salt for Facilitating Selective CO 2 Reduction. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2406380. [PMID: 38857899 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202406380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Clarifying the formation mechanism of single-atom sites guides the design of emerging single-atom catalysts (SACs) and facilitates the identification of the active sites at atomic scale. Herein, a molten-salt atomization strategy is developed for synthesizing zinc (Zn) SACs with temperature universality from 400 to 1000/1100 °C and an evolved coordination from Zn-N2Cl2 to Zn-N4. The electrochemical tests and in situ attenuated total reflectance-surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy confirm that the Zn-N4 atomic sites are active for electrochemical carbon dioxide (CO2) conversion to carbon monoxide (CO). In a strongly acidic medium (0.2 m K2SO4, pH = 1), the Zn SAC formed at 1000 °C (Zn1NC) containing Zn-N4 sites enables highly selective CO2 electroreduction to CO, with nearly 100% selectivity toward CO product in a wide current density range of 100-600 mA cm-2. During a 50 h continuous electrolysis at the industrial current density of 200 mA cm-2, Zn1NC achieves Faradaic efficiencies greater than 95% for CO product. The work presents a temperature-universal formation of single-atom sites, which provides a novel platform for unraveling the active sites in Zn SACs for CO2 electroreduction and extends the synthesis of SACs with controllable coordination sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Hao
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
- School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310030, China
| | - Cheng Zhen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Eastern Institute for Advanced Study, Eastern Institute of Technology, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315200, China
| | - Qi Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Jiazhi Wang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Peiyu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Junxiu Wu
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Tianyang Wang
- School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310030, China
| | - Dongxue Liu
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials Ministry of Education and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China
| | - Linxuan Xie
- School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310030, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310030, China
| | - M Danny Gu
- Eastern Institute for Advanced Study, Eastern Institute of Technology, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315200, China
| | - Michael R Hoffmann
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E California Blvd, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Gang Yu
- Merging Contaminants Research Center, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519087, China
| | - Kai Liu
- School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310030, China
| | - Jun Lu
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
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15
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Wang K, Liu L, Liu D, Wei Y, Liu Y, Wang X, Vasenko AS, Li M, Ding S, Xiao C, Pan H. MOF-Derived CoSe 2 Nanoparticles/Carbonized Melamine Foam as Catalytic Cathode Enabling Flexible Li-CO 2 Batteries with High Energy Efficiency and Stable Cycling. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2310530. [PMID: 38317526 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202310530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Rechargeable aprotic Li-CO2 batteries have aroused worldwide interest owing to their environmentally friendly CO2 fixation ability and ultra-high specific energy density. However, its practical applications are impeded by the sluggish reaction kinetics and discharge product accumulation during cycling. Herein, a flexible composite electrode comprising CoSe2 nanoparticles embedded in 3D carbonized melamine foam (CoSe2/CMF) for Li-CO2 batteries is reported. The abundant CoSe2 clusters can not only facilitate CO2 reduction/evolution kinetics but also serve as Li2CO3 nucleation sites for homogeneous discharge product growth. The CoSe2/CMF-based Li-CO2 battery exhibits a large initial discharge capacity as high as 5.62 mAh cm-2 at 0.05 mA cm-2, a remarkably small voltage gap of 0.72 V, and an ultrahigh energy efficiency of 85.9% at 0.01 mA cm-2, surpassing most of the noble metal-based catalysts. Meanwhile, the battery demonstrates excellent cycling stability of 1620 h (162 cycles) at 0.02 mA cm-2 with an average overpotential of 0.98 V and energy efficiency of 85.4%. Theoretical investigations suggest that this outstanding performance is attributed to the suitable CO2/Li adsorption and low Li2CO3 decomposition energy. Moreover, flexible Li-CO2 pouch cell with CoSe2/CMF cathode displays stable power output under different bending deformations, showing promising potential in wearable electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Wang
- Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy, Xi'an Technological University, 2 Xuefuzhonglu Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Limin Liu
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Dongyu Liu
- HSE University, 20 Myasnitskaya Street, Moscow, 101000, Russia
| | - Yuantao Wei
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Yanxia Liu
- Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy, Xi'an Technological University, 2 Xuefuzhonglu Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Xinqiang Wang
- Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy, Xi'an Technological University, 2 Xuefuzhonglu Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | | | - Mingtao Li
- International Research Center for Renewable Energy (IRCRE), State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering (MFPE), Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Shujiang Ding
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Chunhui Xiao
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Hongge Pan
- Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy, Xi'an Technological University, 2 Xuefuzhonglu Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
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16
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Wang J, Feng N, Zhang S, Lin Y, Zhang Y, Du J, Tian S, Zhao Q, Yang G. Improving the Rechargeable Li-CO 2 Battery Performances by Tailoring Oxygen Defects on Li-Ni-Co-Mn Multi-Metal Oxide Catalysts Recycled from Spent Ternary Lithium-Ion Batteries. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2402892. [PMID: 38757555 PMCID: PMC11267390 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202402892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Rechargeable Li-CO2 batteries are considered as a promising carbon-neutral energy storage technology owing to their ultra-high energy density and efficient CO2 capture capability. However, the sluggish CO2 reduction/evolution kinetics impedes their practical application, which leads to huge overpotentials and poor cyclability. Multi-element transit metal oxides (TMOs) are demonstrated as effective cathodic catalysts for Li-CO2 batteries. But there are no reports on the integration of defect engineering on multi-element TMOs. Herein, the oxygen vacancy-bearing Li-Ni-Co-Mn multi-oxide (Re-NCM-H3) catalyst with the α-NaFeO2-type structure is first fabricated by annealing the NiCoMn precursor that derived from spent ternary LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 cathode, in H2 at 300 °C. As demonstrated by experimental results and theory calculations, the introduction of moderate oxygen vacancy has optimized electronic state near the Fermi level (Ef), eventually improving CO2 adsorption and charge transfer. Therefore, the Li-CO2 batteries with Re-NCM-H3 catalyst deliver a high capacity (11808.9 mAh g-1), a lower overpotential (1.54 V), as well as excellent stability over 216 cycles at 100 mA g-1 and 165 cycles at 400 mA g-1. This study not only opens up a sustainable application of spent ternary cathode, but also validates the potential of multi-element TMO catalysts with oxygen defects for high-efficiency Li-CO2 batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming650093P. R. China
| | - Ningning Feng
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Ceramic Materials DepartmentChangshu Institute of TechnologySuzhou215500P. R. China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Ceramic Materials DepartmentChangshu Institute of TechnologySuzhou215500P. R. China
| | - Yang Lin
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Ceramic Materials DepartmentChangshu Institute of TechnologySuzhou215500P. R. China
| | - Yapeng Zhang
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Ceramic Materials DepartmentChangshu Institute of TechnologySuzhou215500P. R. China
| | - Jing Du
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Ceramic Materials DepartmentChangshu Institute of TechnologySuzhou215500P. R. China
| | - Senlin Tian
- Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming650093P. R. China
| | - Qun Zhao
- Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming650093P. R. China
| | - Gang Yang
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Ceramic Materials DepartmentChangshu Institute of TechnologySuzhou215500P. R. China
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17
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Li Y, Li Z, Shi K, Luo L, Jiang H, He Y, Zhao Y, He J, Lin L, Sun Z, Sun G. Single-Atom Mn Catalysts via Integration with Mn Sub Nano-Clusters Synergistically Enhance Oxygen Reduction Reaction. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2309727. [PMID: 38112245 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202309727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Integrating single atoms and clusters into one system represents a novel strategy for achieving the desired catalytic performance. In comparison to single-atom catalysts, catalysts combining single atoms and clusters harness the advantages of both, thus displaying greater potential. Nevertheless, constructing single-atom-cluster systems remains challenging, and the fundamental mechanism for enhancing catalytic activity remains elusive. In this study, a directly confined preparation of a 3D hollow sea urchin-like carbon structure (MnSA/MnAC-SSCNR) is developed. Mn single atoms synergistically interact with Mn clusters, optimizing and reducing energy barriers in the reaction pathway, thus enhancing reaction kinetics. Consequently, in contrast to Mn single-atom catalysts (MnSA-SSCNR), MnSA/MnAC-SSCNR exhibits significantly improved oxygen reduction activity, with a half-wave potential (E1/2) of 0.90 V in 0.1 m KOH, surpassing that of MnSA-SSCNR and Pt/C. This work demonstrates a strategy of remote synergy between heterogeneous single atoms and clusters, which not only contributes to electrocatalytic reactions but also holds potential for reactions involving more complex products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayin Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials Institution, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Zihan Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials Institution, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Kefan Shi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials Institution, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Lanke Luo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials Institution, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Haomin Jiang
- Center for Advanced Materials Research & College of Arts and Sciences Experiment and Practice Innovation Education Center, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, 519087, China
| | - Yu He
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials Institution, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yuelin Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials Institution, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Jiayue He
- Center for Advanced Materials Research & College of Arts and Sciences Experiment and Practice Innovation Education Center, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, 519087, China
| | - Liu Lin
- Center for Advanced Materials Research & College of Arts and Sciences Experiment and Practice Innovation Education Center, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, 519087, China
| | - Zemin Sun
- Center for Advanced Materials Research & College of Arts and Sciences Experiment and Practice Innovation Education Center, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, 519087, China
| | - Genban Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials Institution, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
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18
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Tan X, Zhu H, He C, Zhuang Z, Sun K, Zhang C, Chen C. Customizing catalyst surface/interface structures for electrochemical CO 2 reduction. Chem Sci 2024; 15:4292-4312. [PMID: 38516078 PMCID: PMC10952066 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc06990g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) provides a promising route to converting CO2 into value-added chemicals and to neutralizing the greenhouse gas emission. For the industrial application of CO2RR, high-performance electrocatalysts featuring high activities and selectivities are essential. It has been demonstrated that customizing the catalyst surface/interface structures allows for high-precision control over the microenvironment for catalysis as well as the adsorption/desorption behaviors of key reaction intermediates in CO2RR, thereby elevating the activity, selectivity and stability of the electrocatalysts. In this paper, we review the progress in customizing the surface/interface structures for CO2RR electrocatalysts (including atomic-site catalysts, metal catalysts, and metal/oxide catalysts). From the perspectives of coordination engineering, atomic interface design, surface modification, and hetero-interface construction, we delineate the resulting specific alterations in surface/interface structures, and their effect on the CO2RR process. At the end of this review, we present a brief discussion and outlook on the current challenges and future directions for achieving high-efficiency CO2RR via surface/interface engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Tan
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Haojie Zhu
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Chang He
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Zewen Zhuang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350108 China
| | - Kaian Sun
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350108 China
| | - Chao Zhang
- MOE International Joint Laboratory of Materials Microstructure, Institute for New Energy Materials and Low-Carbon Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology Tianjin 300384 China
| | - Chen Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
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Xiao Y, Hu S, Miao Y, Gong F, Chen J, Wu M, Liu W, Chen S. Recent Progress in Hot Spot Regulated Strategies for Catalysts Applied in Li-CO 2 Batteries. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2305009. [PMID: 37641184 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202305009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
As a high energy density power system, lithium-carbon dioxide (Li-CO2 ) batteries play an important role in addressing the fossil fuel crisis issues and alleviating the greenhouse effect. However, the sluggish transformation kinetic of CO2 and the difficult decomposition of discharge products impede the achievement of large capacity, small overpotential, and long life span of the batteries, which require exploring efficient catalysts to resolve these problems. In this review, the main focus is on the hot spot regulation strategies of the catalysts, which include the modulation of the active sites, the designing of microstructure, and the construction of composition. The recent progress of promising catalysis with hot spot regulated strategies is systematically addressed. Critical challenges are also presented and perspectives to provide useful guidance for the rational design of highly efficient catalysts for practical advanced Li-CO2 batteries are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Shilin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Yue Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Fenglian Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Jun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Mingxuan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Shimou Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
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20
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Yi SY, Choi E, Jang HY, Lee S, Park J, Choi D, Jang Y, Kang H, Back S, Jang S, Lee J. Insight into Defect Engineering of Atomically Dispersed Iron Electrocatalysts for High-Performance Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2302666. [PMID: 37548180 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202302666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Atomically dispersed and nitrogen coordinated iron catalysts (Fe-NCs) demonstrate potential as alternatives to platinum-group metal (PGM) catalysts in oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). However, in the context of practical proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) applications, the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) performances of Fe-NCs remain unsatisfactory. Herein, improved MEA performance is achieved by tuning the local environment of the Fe-NC catalysts through defect engineering. Zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF)-derived nitrogen-doped carbon with additional CO2 activation is employed to construct atomically dispersed iron sites with a controlled defect number. The Fe-NC species with the optimal number of defect sites exhibit excellent ORR performance with a high half-wave potential of 0.83 V in 0.5 M H2 SO4 . Variation in the number of defects allows for fine-tuning of the reaction intermediate binding energies by changing the contribution of the Fe d-orbitals, thereby optimizing the ORR activity. The MEA based on a defect-engineered Fe-NC catalyst is found to exhibit a remarkable peak power density of 1.1 W cm-2 in an H2 /O2 fuel cell, and 0.67 W cm-2 in an H2 /air fuel cell, rendering it one of the most active atomically dispersed catalyst materials at the MEA level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Yeop Yi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunho Choi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Kookmin National University, Seoul, 02707, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Yeon Jang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Institute of Emergent Materials, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonggyu Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology (KIT), 61 Daehak-ro, Gumi, 39177, Republic of Korea
- Department of Energy Engineering Convergence, Kumoh National Institute of Technology (KIT), 61 Daehak-ro, Gumi, Gyeongbuk, 39177, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinkyu Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Daeeun Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeju Jang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hojin Kang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Kookmin National University, Seoul, 02707, Republic of Korea
| | - Seoin Back
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Institute of Emergent Materials, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Segeun Jang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Kookmin National University, Seoul, 02707, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinwoo Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
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21
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Zong L, Fan K, Cui L, Lu F, Liu P, Li B, Feng S, Wang L. Constructing Fe-N 4 Sites through Anion Exchange-mediated Transformation of Fe Coordination Environments in Hierarchical Carbon Support for Efficient Oxygen Reduction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202309784. [PMID: 37539978 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202309784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Metal single atoms (SAs) anchored in carbon support via coordinating with N atoms are efficient active sites to oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). However, rational design of single atom catalysts with highly exposed active sites is challenging and urgently desirable. Herein, an anion exchange strategy is presented to fabricate Fe-N4 moieties anchored in hierarchical carbon nanoplates composed of hollow carbon spheres (Fe-SA/N-HCS). With the coordinating O atoms are substituted by N atoms, Fe SAs with Fe-O4 configuration are transformed into the ones with Fe-N4 configuration during the thermal activation process. Insights into the evolution of central atoms demonstrate that the SAs with specific coordination environment can be obtained by modulating in situ anion exchange process. The strategy produces a large quantity of electrochemical accessible site and high utilization rate of Fe-N4 . Fe-SA/N-HCS shows excellent ORR electrocatalytic performance with half-wave potential of 0.91 V (vs. RHE) in 0.1 M KOH, and outstanding performance when used in rechargeable aqueous and flexible Zn-air batteries. The evolution pathway for SAs demonstrated in this work offers a novel strategy to design SACs with various coordination environment and enhanced electrocatalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingbo Zong
- International Cooperation United Laboratory of Eco-chemical Engineering and Green Manufacturing, Technology Innovation Center of Battery Safety and Energy Storage Technology, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Kaicai Fan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Lixiu Cui
- International Cooperation United Laboratory of Eco-chemical Engineering and Green Manufacturing, Technology Innovation Center of Battery Safety and Energy Storage Technology, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Fenghong Lu
- International Cooperation United Laboratory of Eco-chemical Engineering and Green Manufacturing, Technology Innovation Center of Battery Safety and Energy Storage Technology, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Porun Liu
- Centre for Catalysis and Clean Energy, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Queensland, 4222, Australia
| | - Bin Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Shouhua Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Chang-chun, 130012, China
| | - Lei Wang
- International Cooperation United Laboratory of Eco-chemical Engineering and Green Manufacturing, Technology Innovation Center of Battery Safety and Energy Storage Technology, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
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