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Zhang J, Hou X, Qian S, Huo J, Yuan M, Duan Z, Song X, Wu H, Shi S, Geng W, Mu J, He J, Chou X. Flexible wide-range multidimensional force sensors inspired by bones embedded in muscle. Microsyst Nanoeng 2024; 10:64. [PMID: 38784374 PMCID: PMC11111798 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-024-00711-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Flexible sensors have been widely studied for use in motion monitoring, human‒machine interactions (HMIs), personalized medicine, and soft intelligent robots. However, their practical application is limited by their low output performance, narrow measuring range, and unidirectional force detection. Here, to achieve flexibility and high performance simultaneously, we developed a flexible wide-range multidimensional force sensor (FWMFS) similar to bones embedded in muscle structures. The adjustable magnetic field endows the FWMFS with multidimensional perception for detecting forces in different directions. The multilayer stacked coils significantly improved the output from the μV to the mV level while ensuring FWMFS miniaturization. The optimized FWMFS exhibited a high voltage sensitivity of 0.227 mV/N (0.5-8.4 N) and 0.047 mV/N (8.4-60 N) in response to normal forces ranging from 0.5 N to 60 N and could detect lateral forces ranging from 0.2-1.1 N and voltage sensitivities of 1.039 mV/N (0.2-0.5 N) and 0.194 mV/N (0.5-1.1 N). In terms of normal force measurements, the FWMFS can monitor finger pressure and sliding trajectories in response to finger taps, as well as measure plantar pressure for assessing human movement. The plantar pressure signals of five human movements collected by the FWMFS were analyzed using the k-nearest neighbors classification algorithm, which achieved a recognition accuracy of 92%. Additionally, an artificial intelligence biometric authentication system is being developed that classifies and recognizes user passwords. Based on the lateral force measurement ability of the FWMFS, the direction of ball movement can be distinguished, and communication systems such as Morse Code can be expanded. This research has significant potential in intelligent sensing and personalized spatial recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Science and Technology on Electronic Test and Measurement Laboratory, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051 China
| | - Xiaojuan Hou
- Science and Technology on Electronic Test and Measurement Laboratory, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051 China
| | - Shuo Qian
- School of Software, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051 China
| | - Jiabing Huo
- Science and Technology on Electronic Test and Measurement Laboratory, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051 China
| | - Mengjiao Yuan
- Science and Technology on Electronic Test and Measurement Laboratory, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051 China
| | - Zhigang Duan
- Science and Technology on Electronic Test and Measurement Laboratory, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051 China
| | - Xiaoguang Song
- Science and Technology on Electronic Test and Measurement Laboratory, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051 China
| | - Hui Wu
- Science and Technology on Electronic Test and Measurement Laboratory, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051 China
| | - Shuzheng Shi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Architecture, Zhangjiakou, 075000 China
- HBIS Group Co. Ltd., Shijiazhuang, 050023 China
| | - Wenping Geng
- Science and Technology on Electronic Test and Measurement Laboratory, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051 China
| | - Jiliang Mu
- Science and Technology on Electronic Test and Measurement Laboratory, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051 China
| | - Jian He
- Science and Technology on Electronic Test and Measurement Laboratory, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051 China
| | - Xiujian Chou
- Science and Technology on Electronic Test and Measurement Laboratory, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051 China
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2
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Hu H, Song J, Zhong Y, Cao J, Han L, Zhang Z, Cheng G, Ding J. High Sensitivity Triboelectric Based Flexible Self-Powered Tactile Sensor with Bionic Fingerprint Ring Structure. ACS Sens 2024. [PMID: 38759108 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Flexible self-powered tactile sensors, with applications spanning wearable electronics, human-machine interaction, prosthetics, and soft robotics, offer real-time feedback on tactile interactions in diverse environments. Despite advances in their structural development, challenges persist in sensitivity and robustness, particularly when additional functionalities, such as high transparency and stretchability. In this study, we present a novel approach integrating a bionic fingerprint ring structure with a PVDF-HFP/AgNWs composite fiber electrode membrane, fabricated via 3D printing technology and electrospinning, respectively, yielding a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG)-based self-powered tactile sensor. The sensor demonstrates high sensitivity (5.84 V/kPa in the 0-10 kPa range) and rapid response time (10 ms), attributed to the microring texture on its surface, and exhibits exceptional robustness, maintaining electrical output integrity even after 24,000 cycles of loading. These findings highlight the potential of the microring structures in addressing critical challenges in flexible sensor technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Hu
- Institute of Intelligent Flexible Mechatronics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Jie Song
- Institute of Intelligent Flexible Mechatronics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yan Zhong
- Institute of Intelligent Flexible Mechatronics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Jie Cao
- Institute of Intelligent Flexible Mechatronics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Lei Han
- Institute of Intelligent Flexible Mechatronics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Zhongqiang Zhang
- Institute of Intelligent Flexible Mechatronics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Guanggui Cheng
- Institute of Intelligent Flexible Mechatronics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Jianning Ding
- Institute of Intelligent Flexible Mechatronics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
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3
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Yang X, Chen W, Fan Q, Chen J, Chen Y, Lai F, Liu H. Electronic Skin for Health Monitoring Systems: Properties, Functions, and Applications. Adv Mater 2024:e2402542. [PMID: 38754914 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202402542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Electronic skin (e-skin), a skin-like wearable electronic device, holds great promise in the fields of telemedicine and personalized healthcare because of its good flexibility, biocompatibility, skin conformability, and sensing performance. E-skin can monitor various health indicators of the human body in real time and over the long term, including physical indicators (exercise, respiration, blood pressure, etc.) and chemical indicators (saliva, sweat, urine, etc.). In recent years, the development of various materials, analysis, and manufacturing technologies has promoted significant development of e-skin, laying the foundation for the application of next-generation wearable medical technologies and devices. Herein, the properties required for e-skin health monitoring devices to achieve long-term and precise monitoring and summarize several detectable indicators in the health monitoring field are discussed. Subsequently, the applications of integrated e-skin health monitoring systems are reviewed. Finally, current challenges and future development directions in this field are discussed. This review is expected to generate great interest and inspiration for the development and improvement of e-skin and health monitoring systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xichen Yang
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 00240, P. R. China
| | - Wenzheng Chen
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 00240, P. R. China
| | - Qunfu Fan
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 00240, P. R. China
| | - Jing Chen
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 00240, P. R. China
| | - Yujie Chen
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 00240, P. R. China
| | - Feili Lai
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 00240, P. R. China
| | - Hezhou Liu
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 00240, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Ship and Dee-Sea Exploration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
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Li W, Liu X, Wang Y, Peng L, Jin X, Jiang Z, Guo Z, Chen J, Wang W. Research on high sensitivity piezoresistive sensor based on structural design. Discov Nano 2024; 19:88. [PMID: 38753219 PMCID: PMC11098999 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-024-03971-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
With the popularity of smart terminals, wearable electronic devices have shown great market prospects, especially high-sensitivity pressure sensors, which can monitor micro-stimuli and high-precision dynamic external stimuli, and will have an important impact on future functional development. Compressible flexible sensors have attracted wide attention due to their simple sensing mechanism and the advantages of light weight and convenience. Sensors with high sensitivity are very sensitive to pressure and can detect resistance/current changes under pressure, which has been widely studied. On this basis, this review focuses on analyzing the performance impact of device structure design strategies on high sensitivity pressure sensors. The design of structures can be divided into interface microstructures and three-dimensional framework structures. The preparation methods of various structures are introduced in detail, and the current research status and future development challenges are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Lutai School of Textile and Apparel, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Clean Dyeing and Finishing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Liu
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifan Wang
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Peng
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Jin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhaohui Jiang
- Lutai School of Textile and Apparel, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Clean Dyeing and Finishing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Fiber Manufacturing Technology, China Textile Academy, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zengge Guo
- Lutai School of Textile and Apparel, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Chen
- PLA Naval Medical Center, Shang Hai, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyu Wang
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, People's Republic of China.
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5
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Yang J, Li Z, Wu Y, Shen Y, Zhang M, Chen B, Yuan G, Xiao S, Feng J, Zhang X, Tang Y, Ding S, Chen X, Wang T. Non-equilibrium compression achieving high sensitivity and linearity for iontronic pressure sensors. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2024:S2095-9273(24)00335-9. [PMID: 38782658 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2024.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Flexible pressure sensors with high sensitivity and linearity are highly desirable for robot sensing and human physiological signal detection. However, the current strategies for stabilizing axial microstructures (e.g., micro-pyramids) are mainly susceptible to structural stiffening during compression, thereby limiting the realization of high sensitivity and linearity. Here, we report a bending-induced non-equilibrium compression process that effectively enhances the compressibility of microstructures, thereby crucially improving the efficiency of interfacial area growth of electric double layer (EDL). Based on this principle, we fabricate an iontronic flexible pressure sensor with vertical graphene (VG) array electrodes. Ultra-high sensitivity (185.09 kPa-1) and linearity (R2 = 0.9999) are realized over a wide pressure range (0.49 Pa-66.67 kPa). It also exhibits remarkable mechanical stability during compression and bending. The sensor is successfully employed in a robotic gripping task to recognize the targets of different materials and shapes based on a multilayer perception (MLP) neural network. It opens the door to realizing haptic sensing capabilities for robotic hands and prosthetic limbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhibin Li
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ying Wu
- School of Microelectronics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yong Shen
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center of Advanced Semiconductor Technology and Application of Ministry of Education, Changsha Semiconductor Technology and Application Innovation Research Institute, College of Semiconductors (College of Integrated Circuits), Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Bin Chen
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Guojiang Yuan
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Songhua Xiao
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jiansong Feng
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yuwei Tang
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Sunan Ding
- School of Integrated Circuits, Nanjing University, Suzhou 215163, China
| | - Xiaolong Chen
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Taihong Wang
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; School of Microelectronics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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6
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Yang Y, Jiang W, Wang Y, Wu C, Chen H, Lyu G, Ma J, Ni Y, Liu Y. Preparation of strong and tough conductive hydrogel based on Grafting, Fe 3+-Catechol complexations and salting out for triboelectric nanogenerators. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 661:450-459. [PMID: 38308885 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.01.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
The development of a strong and tough conductive hydrogel capable of meeting the strict requirements of the electrode of a hydrogel-based triboelectric nanogenerator (H-TENG) remains an enormous challenge. Herein, a robust conductive polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel is designed via a three-step method: (1) grafting with 3,4-dihydroxy benzaldehyde, (2) metal complexation using ferric chloride (FeCl3) and (3) salting-out using sodium citrate. The hydrogel contains robust crystalline PVA domains and reversible/high-density non-covalent interactions, such as hydrogen bonding, π-π interactions and Fe3+-catechol complexations. Benefiting from the crystalline domains, the hydrogel can resist external forces to the hydrogel network; meanwhile, the reversible/high-density of non-covalent interactions can impart gradual and persistent energy dissipation during deformation. The hydrogel possesses multiple cross-linked networks, with 6.47 MPa tensile stress, 1000 % strain, 35.24 MJ/m3 toughness and 37.59 kJ/m2 fracture energy. Furthermore, the inter-connected porous hydrogel has an ideal structure for ionic-conducing channels. The hydrogel is assembled into an H-TENG, which can generate open circuit voltage of ∼ 150 V, short-circuit current of ∼ 3.0 μA, with superb damage immunity. Subsequently, road traffic monitoring systems are innovatively developed and demonstrated by using the H-TENG. This study provides a novel strategy to prepare superiorly strong and tough hydrogels that can meet the high demand for H-TENGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material and Green Papermaking, Key Laboratory of Pulp & Paper Science and Technology of Shandong Province/Ministry of Education, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong 250353, PR China
| | - Weikun Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material and Green Papermaking, Key Laboratory of Pulp & Paper Science and Technology of Shandong Province/Ministry of Education, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong 250353, PR China.
| | - Yang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material and Green Papermaking, Key Laboratory of Pulp & Paper Science and Technology of Shandong Province/Ministry of Education, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong 250353, PR China
| | - Chen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material and Green Papermaking, Key Laboratory of Pulp & Paper Science and Technology of Shandong Province/Ministry of Education, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong 250353, PR China
| | - Honglei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material and Green Papermaking, Key Laboratory of Pulp & Paper Science and Technology of Shandong Province/Ministry of Education, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong 250353, PR China
| | - Gaojin Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material and Green Papermaking, Key Laboratory of Pulp & Paper Science and Technology of Shandong Province/Ministry of Education, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong 250353, PR China
| | - Jiliang Ma
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Lignocellulose Chemistry and Biomaterials, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, PR China
| | - Yonghao Ni
- Limerick Pulp & Paper Centre & Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B5A3, Canada.
| | - Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material and Green Papermaking, Key Laboratory of Pulp & Paper Science and Technology of Shandong Province/Ministry of Education, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong 250353, PR China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Lignocellulose Chemistry and Biomaterials, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, PR China.
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Jin Q, Wang C, Wu H, Luo X, Li J, Ma G, Li Y, Luo C, Guo F, Long Y. 3D Printing of Capacitive Pressure Sensors with Tuned Wide Detection Range and High Sensitivity Inspired by Bio-Inspired Kapok Structures. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024; 45:e2300668. [PMID: 38325804 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Flexible pressure sensors have drawn considerable attention for their potential applications as electronic skins with both sensitivity and pressure response range. Although the introduction of surface microstructures effectively enhances sensitivity, the confined volume of their compressible structures results in a limited pressure response range. To address this issue, a biomimetic kapok structure is proposed and implemented for constructing the dielectric layer of flexible capacitive pressure sensors employing 3D printing technology. The structure is designed with easily deformable concave and rotational structures, enabling continuous deformation under pressure. This design results in a significant expansion of the pressure response range and improvement in sensitivity. Further, the study purposively analyses crucial parameters of the devised structure that affect its compressibility and stability. These include the concave angle θ, height ratio d1/d2, rotation angle α, and width k. As a result, the ultimate pressure sensors demonstrate remarkable features such as high sensitivity (≈2.38 kPa-1 in the range of 0-10 kPa), broad detection range (734 kPa), fast response time (23 ms), and outstanding pressure resolution (0.4% at 500 kPa). This study confirms the viability of bionic structures for flexible sensors, and their potential to expand the scope of wearable electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxin Jin
- Institute of Laser Intelligent Manufacturing and Precision Processing, School of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
- State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
| | - Chengyun Wang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, China
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Manufacturing for Extreme Service Performance, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, China
| | - Han Wu
- Institute of Laser Intelligent Manufacturing and Precision Processing, School of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
- State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
| | - Xin Luo
- Institute of Laser Intelligent Manufacturing and Precision Processing, School of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
- State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- Institute of Laser Intelligent Manufacturing and Precision Processing, School of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
- State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
| | - Guangmeng Ma
- Institute of Laser Intelligent Manufacturing and Precision Processing, School of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
- State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
| | - Yu Li
- Institute of Laser Intelligent Manufacturing and Precision Processing, School of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
- State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
| | - Chunyi Luo
- Institute of Laser Intelligent Manufacturing and Precision Processing, School of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
- State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
| | - Fawei Guo
- Institute of Laser Intelligent Manufacturing and Precision Processing, School of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
- State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
| | - Yu Long
- Institute of Laser Intelligent Manufacturing and Precision Processing, School of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
- State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
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Liu J, Wang L, Xu R, Zhang X, Zhao J, Liu H, Chen F, Qu L, Tian M. Underwater Gesture Recognition Meta-Gloves for Marine Immersive Communication. ACS Nano 2024; 18:10818-10828. [PMID: 38597459 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c13221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Rapid advancements in immersive communications and artificial intelligence have created a pressing demand for high-performance tactile sensing gloves capable of delivering high sensitivity and a wide sensing range. Unfortunately, existing tactile sensing gloves fall short in terms of user comfort and are ill-suited for underwater applications. To address these limitations, we propose a flexible hand gesture recognition glove (GRG) that contains high-performance micropillar tactile sensors (MPTSs) inspired by the flexible tube foot of a starfish. The as-prepared flexible sensors offer a wide working range (5 Pa to 450 kPa), superfast response time (23 ms), reliable repeatability (∼10000 cycles), and a low limit of detection. Furthermore, these MPTSs are waterproof, which makes them well-suited for underwater applications. By integrating the high-performance MPTSs with a machine learning algorithm, the proposed GRG system achieves intelligent recognition of 16 hand gestures under water, which significantly extends real-time and effective communication capabilities for divers. The GRG system holds tremendous potential for a wide range of applications in the field of underwater communications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxu Liu
- Health & Protective Smart Textiles Research Center (HPT)/Research Center for Intelligent & Wearable Technology, College of Textiles & Clothing, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers & Eco-Textiles, Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Textiles of Shandong Province, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihong Wang
- Health & Protective Smart Textiles Research Center (HPT)/Research Center for Intelligent & Wearable Technology, College of Textiles & Clothing, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers & Eco-Textiles, Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Textiles of Shandong Province, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruidong Xu
- Health & Protective Smart Textiles Research Center (HPT)/Research Center for Intelligent & Wearable Technology, College of Textiles & Clothing, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers & Eco-Textiles, Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Textiles of Shandong Province, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinwei Zhang
- Health & Protective Smart Textiles Research Center (HPT)/Research Center for Intelligent & Wearable Technology, College of Textiles & Clothing, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers & Eco-Textiles, Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Textiles of Shandong Province, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Jisheng Zhao
- Health & Protective Smart Textiles Research Center (HPT)/Research Center for Intelligent & Wearable Technology, College of Textiles & Clothing, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers & Eco-Textiles, Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Textiles of Shandong Province, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Liu
- Health & Protective Smart Textiles Research Center (HPT)/Research Center for Intelligent & Wearable Technology, College of Textiles & Clothing, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers & Eco-Textiles, Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Textiles of Shandong Province, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuxing Chen
- Health & Protective Smart Textiles Research Center (HPT)/Research Center for Intelligent & Wearable Technology, College of Textiles & Clothing, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers & Eco-Textiles, Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Textiles of Shandong Province, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijun Qu
- Health & Protective Smart Textiles Research Center (HPT)/Research Center for Intelligent & Wearable Technology, College of Textiles & Clothing, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers & Eco-Textiles, Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Textiles of Shandong Province, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingwei Tian
- Health & Protective Smart Textiles Research Center (HPT)/Research Center for Intelligent & Wearable Technology, College of Textiles & Clothing, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers & Eco-Textiles, Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Textiles of Shandong Province, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, People's Republic of China
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9
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Huang B, Feng J, He J, Huang W, Huang J, Yang S, Duan W, Zhou Z, Zeng Z, Gui X. High Sensitivity and Wide Linear Range Flexible Piezoresistive Pressure Sensor with Microspheres as Spacers for Pronunciation Recognition. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:19298-19308. [PMID: 38568137 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c04156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Flexible piezoresistive pressure sensors have received great popularity in flexible electronics due to their simple structure and promising applications in health monitoring and artificial intelligence. However, the contradiction between sensitivity and detection range limits the application of the sensors in the medium-pressure regime. Here, a flexible piezoresistive pressure sensor is fabricated by combining a hierarchical spinous microstructure sensitive layer and a periodic microsphere array spacer. The sensor achieves high sensitivity (39.1 kPa-1) and outstanding linearity (0.99, R2 coefficient) in a medium-pressure regime, as well as a wide range of detection (100 Pa-160.0 kPa), high detection precision (<0.63‰ full scale), and excellent durability (>5000 cycles). The mechanism of the microsphere array spacer in improving sensitivity and detection range was revealed through finite element analysis. Furthermore, the sensors have been utilized to detect muscle and joint movements, spatial pressure distributions, and throat movements during pronouncing words. By means of a full-connect artificial neural network for machine learning, the sensor's output of different pronounced words can be precisely distinguished and classified with an overall accuracy of 96.0%. Overall, the high-performance flexible pressure sensor based on a microsphere array spacer has great potential in health monitoring, human-machine interface, and artificial intelligence of medium-pressure regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingfang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jiyong Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Junkai He
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Weibo Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Junhua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Shaodian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Wenfeng Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Zheng Zhou
- School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Guangzhou City University of Technology, Guangzhou 510800, China
| | - Zhiping Zeng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Xuchun Gui
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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10
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Zhang H, Li H, Li Y. Biomimetic Electronic Skin for Robots Aiming at Superior Dynamic-Static Perception and Material Cognition Based on Triboelectric-Piezoresistive Effects. Nano Lett 2024; 24:4002-4011. [PMID: 38525900 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c00623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Empowering robots with tactile perception and even thinking as well as judgment capabilities similar to those of humans is an inevitable path for the development of future robots. Here, we propose a biomimetic electronic skin (BES) that truly serves and applies to robots to achieve superior dynamic-static perception and material cognition functionalities. First, the microstructured triboelectric and piezoresistive layers are fabricated by a facile template method followed by selected self-polymerization treatment, enabling BES with high sensitivity and a wide detection range. Further, through laminated-independent triboelectric and piezoresistive parts for perceiving dynamic and static pressures simultaneously, the BES is capable of supporting the robot hand to monitor the entire process during object grasping. Most importantly, by further combining a neural network model, an intelligent cognition system is constructed for real-time cognition of the object material species via one touch of the robot hand under arbitrary pressures, which goes beyond the human cognition ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyun Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Based Intelligent Computing, School of Information Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Hao Li
- School of Integrated Circuits, Shandong University, Jinan 250101, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Based Intelligent Computing, School of Information Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Integrated Circuits, Shandong University, Jinan 250101, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Based Intelligent Computing, School of Information Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
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11
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Shi Y, Shen G. Haptic Sensing and Feedback Techniques toward Virtual Reality. Research (Wash D C) 2024; 7:0333. [PMID: 38533183 PMCID: PMC10964227 DOI: 10.34133/research.0333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Haptic interactions between human and machines are essential for information acquisition and object manipulation. In virtual reality (VR) system, the haptic sensing device can gather information to construct virtual elements, while the haptic feedback part can transfer feedbacks to human with virtual tactile sensation. Therefore, exploring high-performance haptic sensing and feedback interface imparts closed-loop haptic interaction to VR system. This review summarizes state-of-the-art VR-related haptic sensing and feedback techniques based on the hardware parts. For the haptic sensor, we focus on mechanism scope (piezoresistive, capacitive, piezoelectric, and triboelectric) and introduce force sensor, gesture translation, and touch identification in the functional view. In terms of the haptic feedbacks, methodologies including mechanical, electrical, and elastic actuators are surveyed. In addition, the interactive application of virtual control, immersive entertainment, and medical rehabilitation is also summarized. The challenges of virtual haptic interactions are given including the accuracy, durability, and technical conflicts of the sensing devices, bottlenecks of various feedbacks, as well as the closed-loop interaction system. Besides, the prospects are outlined in artificial intelligence of things, wise information technology of medicine, and multimedia VR areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Shi
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics,
Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Institute of Flexible Electronics,
Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Guozhen Shen
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics,
Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Institute of Flexible Electronics,
Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 102488, China
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12
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Wang Z, Xue R, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Tang X, Wang H, Shao A, Ma Y. A Hydrogel Electrolyte toward a Flexible Zinc-Ion Battery and Multifunctional Health Monitoring Electronics. ACS Nano 2024; 18:7596-7609. [PMID: 38415583 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c00085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
The compact design of an environmentally adaptive battery and effectors forms the foundation for wearable electronics capable of time-resolved, long-term signal monitoring. Herein, we present a one-body strategy that utilizes a hydrogel as the ionic conductive medium for both flexible aqueous zinc-ion batteries and wearable strain sensors. The poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel network incorporates nano-SiO2 and cellulose nanofibers (referred to as PSC) in an ethylene glycol/water mixed solvent, balancing the mechanical properties (tensile strength of 6 MPa) and ionic diffusivity at -20 °C (2 orders of magnitude higher than 2 M ZnCl2 electrolyte). Meanwhile, cathode lattice breathing during the solvated Zn2+ intercalation and dendritic Zn protrusion at the anode interface are mitigated. Besides the robust cyclability of the Zn∥PSC∥V2O5 prototype within a wide temperature range (from -20 to 80 °C), this microdevice seamlessly integrates a zinc-ion battery with a strain sensor, enabling precise monitoring of the muscle response during dynamic body movement. By employing transmission-mode operando XRD, the self-powered sensor accurately documents the real-time phasic evolution of the layered cathode and synchronized strain change induced by Zn deposition, which presents a feasible solution of health monitoring by the miniaturized electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongrong Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiqing Zhang
- Training Center for Engineering Practices, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Yichi Zhang
- Queen Mary University of London Engineering School, NPU, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Helin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Ahu Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, People's Republic of China
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13
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Yang Y, Yao C, Huang WY, Liu CL, Zhang Y. Wearable Sensor Based on a Tough Conductive Gel for Real-Time and Remote Human Motion Monitoring. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:11957-11972. [PMID: 38393750 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c19517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
The usage of a conductive hydrogel in wearable sensors has been thoroughly researched recently. Nonetheless, hydrogel-based sensors cannot simultaneously have excellent mechanical property, high sensitivity, comfortable wearability, and rapid self-healing performance, which result in poor durability and reusability. Herein, a robust conductive hydrogel derived from one-pot polymerization and subsequent solvent replacement is developed as a wearable sensor. Owing to the reversible hydrogen bonds cross-linked between polymer chains and clay nanosheets, the resulting conductive hydrogel-based sensor exhibits outstanding flexibility, self-repairing, and fatigue resistance performances. The embedding of graphene oxide nanosheets offers an enhanced hydrogel network and easy release of wearable sensor from the target position through remote irradiation, while Li+ ions incorporated by solvent replacement endow the wearable sensor with low detection limit (sensing strain: 1%), high conductivity (4.3 S m-1) and sensitivity (gauge factor: 3.04), good freezing resistance, and water retention. Therefore, the fabricated wearable sensor is suitable to monitor small and large human motions on the site and remotely under subzero (-54 °C) or room temperature, indicating lots of promising applications in human-motion monitoring, information encryption and identification, and electronic skins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, No. 28, Changsheng West Road, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P. R. China
| | - Chen Yao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, No. 28, Changsheng West Road, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Yao Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, No. 28, Changsheng West Road, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P. R. China
| | - Cai-Ling Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, No. 28, Changsheng West Road, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P. R. China
| | - Ye Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, No. 28, Changsheng West Road, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P. R. China
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14
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Xi J, Yang H, Li X, Wei R, Zhang T, Dong L, Yang Z, Yuan Z, Sun J, Hua Q. Recent Advances in Tactile Sensory Systems: Mechanisms, Fabrication, and Applications. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2024; 14:465. [PMID: 38470794 DOI: 10.3390/nano14050465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Flexible electronics is a cutting-edge field that has paved the way for artificial tactile systems that mimic biological functions of sensing mechanical stimuli. These systems have an immense potential to enhance human-machine interactions (HMIs). However, tactile sensing still faces formidable challenges in delivering precise and nuanced feedback, such as achieving a high sensitivity to emulate human touch, coping with environmental variability, and devising algorithms that can effectively interpret tactile data for meaningful interactions in diverse contexts. In this review, we summarize the recent advances of tactile sensory systems, such as piezoresistive, capacitive, piezoelectric, and triboelectric tactile sensors. We also review the state-of-the-art fabrication techniques for artificial tactile sensors. Next, we focus on the potential applications of HMIs, such as intelligent robotics, wearable devices, prosthetics, and medical healthcare. Finally, we conclude with the challenges and future development trends of tactile sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Xi
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Huaiwen Yang
- School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ruilai Wei
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Institute of Flexible Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Taiping Zhang
- Tianfu Xinglong Lake Laboratory, Chengdu 610299, China
| | - Lin Dong
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zhenjun Yang
- Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University (The Second People's Hospital of Hefei), Hefei 230011, China
| | - Zuqing Yuan
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Institute of Flexible Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Junlu Sun
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Qilin Hua
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Institute of Flexible Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 102488, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain-Inspired Computing and Intelligent Chips, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
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15
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Hu Y, Wang Y, Yang F, Liu D, Lu G, Li S, Wei Z, Shen X, Jiang Z, Zhao Y, Pang Q, Song B, Shi Z, Shafique S, Zhou K, Chen X, Su W, Jian J, Tang K, Liu T, Zhu Y. Flexible Organic Photovoltaic-Powered Hydrogel Bioelectronic Dressing With Biomimetic Electrical Stimulation for Healing Infected Diabetic Wounds. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2024; 11:e2307746. [PMID: 38145346 PMCID: PMC10933690 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202307746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Electrical stimulation (ES) is proposed as a therapeutic solution for managing chronic wounds. However, its widespread clinical adoption is limited by the requirement of additional extracorporeal devices to power ES-based wound dressings. In this study, a novel sandwich-structured photovoltaic microcurrent hydrogel dressing (PMH dressing) is designed for treating diabetic wounds. This innovative dressing comprises flexible organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells, a flexible micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) electrode, and a multifunctional hydrogel serving as an electrode-tissue interface. The PMH dressing is engineered to administer ES, mimicking the physiological injury current occurring naturally in wounds when exposed to light; thus, facilitating wound healing. In vitro experiments are performed to validate the PMH dressing's exceptional biocompatibility and robust antibacterial properties. In vivo experiments and proteomic analysis reveal that the proposed PMH dressing significantly accelerates the healing of infected diabetic wounds by enhancing extracellular matrix regeneration, eliminating bacteria, regulating inflammatory responses, and modulating vascular functions. Therefore, the PMH dressing is a potent, versatile, and effective solution for diabetic wound care, paving the way for advancements in wireless ES wound dressings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi‐Wei Hu
- Health Science CenterNingbo UniversityNingbo315211P. R. China
- Orthopaedic Oncology Center of Changzheng HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghai200003P. R. China
| | - Yu‐Heng Wang
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer ScienceNingbo UniversityNingbo315211P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power EquipmentXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710049P. R. China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical FabricationNational Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049P. R. China
| | - Fang Yang
- Health Science CenterNingbo UniversityNingbo315211P. R. China
| | - Ding‐Xin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power EquipmentXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710049P. R. China
| | - Guang‐Hao Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power EquipmentXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710049P. R. China
| | - Sheng‐Tao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power EquipmentXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710049P. R. China
| | - Zhi‐Xiang Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical FabricationNational Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049P. R. China
| | - Xiang Shen
- The Research Institute of Advanced TechnologiesNingbo UniversityNingbo315211P. R. China
| | - Zhuang‐De Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710049P. R. China
| | - Yi‐Fan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710049P. R. China
| | - Qian Pang
- Health Science CenterNingbo UniversityNingbo315211P. R. China
| | - Bai‐Yang Song
- Health Science CenterNingbo UniversityNingbo315211P. R. China
| | - Ze‐Wen Shi
- Health Science CenterNingbo UniversityNingbo315211P. R. China
| | - Shareen Shafique
- School of Physical Science and TechnologyNingbo UniversityNingbo315211P. R. China
| | - Kun Zhou
- Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and TechnologyThe Chinese University of Hong Kong ShenzhenShenzhen518172P. R. China
| | - Xiao‐Lian Chen
- Printable Electronics Research Center & Nano‐Device and Materials DivisionSuzhou Institute of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsNano Chinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou215123P. R. China
| | - Wen‐Ming Su
- Printable Electronics Research Center & Nano‐Device and Materials DivisionSuzhou Institute of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsNano Chinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou215123P. R. China
| | - Jia‐Wen Jian
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer ScienceNingbo UniversityNingbo315211P. R. China
| | - Ke‐Qi Tang
- Institute of Mass SpectrometrySchool of Material Science and Chemical EngineeringNingbo UniversityNingbo315211P. R. China
| | - Tie‐Long Liu
- Orthopaedic Oncology Center of Changzheng HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghai200003P. R. China
| | - Ya‐Bin Zhu
- Health Science CenterNingbo UniversityNingbo315211P. R. China
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16
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Hui Z, Zhang Z, Wang Y, Zhang R, Liu X, Jiang M, Ju F, Hou W, Xia Z, Wang D, Wang P, Pei Y, Yan R, Zhang Y, Chen Q, Huang W, Sun G. Gradiently Foaming Ultrasoft Hydrogel with Stop Holes for Highly Deformable, Crack-Resistant and Sensitive Conformal Human-Machine Interfaces. Adv Mater 2024:e2314163. [PMID: 38423019 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202314163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogels are considered as promising materials for human-machine interfaces (HMIs) owing to their merits of tailorable mechanical and electrical properties; nevertheless, it remains challenging to simultaneously achieve ultrasoftness, good mechanical robustness and high sensitivity, which are the pre-requisite requirements for wearable sensing applications. Herein, for the first time, this work proposes a universal phase-transition-induced bubbling strategy to fabricate ultrasoft gradient foam-shaped hydrogels (FSHs) with stop holes for high deformability, crack-resistance and sensitive conformal HMIs. As a typical system, the FSH based on polyacrylamide/sodium alginate system shows an ultralow Young's modulus (1.68 kPa), increased sustainable strain (1411%), enhanced fracture toughness (915.6 J m-2 ), improved tensile sensitivity (21.77), and compressive sensitivity (65.23 kPa-1 ). The FSHs are used for precisely acquiring and identifying gesture commands of the operator to remotely control a surgical robot for endoscopy and an electric ship in a first-person perspective for cruising, feeding crabs and monitoring the environmental change in real-time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengyu Hui
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- College of Intelligent Science and Control Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, 211199, P. R. China
| | - Yurong Wang
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Runrun Zhang
- College of Intelligent Science and Control Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, 211199, P. R. China
| | - Xin Liu
- College of Intelligent Science and Control Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, 211199, P. R. China
| | - Mingjie Jiang
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, P. R. China
| | - Feng Ju
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, P. R. China
| | - Wenteng Hou
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Zhongming Xia
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Deya Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, P. R. China
| | - Yangyang Pei
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Ren Yan
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Yan Zhang
- College of Intelligent Science and Control Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, 211199, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Chen
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, 352001, P. R. China
| | - Wei Huang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Gengzhi Sun
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
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17
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An T, Zhang Y, Wen J, Dong Z, Du Q, Liu L, Wang Y, Xing G, Zhao X. Multi-Level Pyramidal Microstructure-Based Pressure Sensors with High Sensitivity and Wide Linear Range for Healthcare Monitoring. ACS Sens 2024; 9:726-735. [PMID: 38266628 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c02001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Flexible pressure sensors have garnered significant attention in the field of wearable healthcare due to their scalability and shape variability. However, a crucial challenge in their practical application for various healthcare scenarios is striking a balance between the sensitivity and sensing range. This limitation arises from the reduced compressibility of the microstructures on the surface of pressure-sensitive materials under high pressure, resulting in progressive saturation of the sensor's response and leading to a restricted and nonlinear pressure sensing range. In this study, we present a novel approach utilizing multi-level pyramidal microstructures in flexible pressure sensors to achieve both high sensitivity (8775 kPa-1) and linear response (R2 = 0.997) over a wide pressure range (up to 1000 kPa). The effectiveness of the proposed design stems from the compensatory behavior of the lower pyramidal microstructures, which counteracts the declining sensitivity associated with the gradual hardening of the higher pyramidal microstructures. Furthermore, the sensor demonstrates a fast response time of 11.6 ms and a fast relaxation time of 3.8 ms and can reliably detect pressures as low as 30.2 Pa. Our findings highlight the applicability of this flexible pressure sensor in diverse human body health detection tasks, ranging from weak pulses to finger flexion and plantar pressure distribution. Notably, the proposed sensor design eliminates the need for replacing flexible pressure sensors with varying ranges, thereby enhancing their practical utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongge An
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Qiantang Science and Technology Innovation Center, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yongjun Zhang
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Shangyu Institute of Science and Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, China
| | - Jiahong Wen
- The College of Electronics and Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Shangyu Institute of Science and Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, China
| | - Zhichao Dong
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Qiantang Science and Technology Innovation Center, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Qifeng Du
- Qiantang Science and Technology Innovation Center, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Institute of Flexible Electronics Technology of THU, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314000, China
| | - Long Liu
- Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yaxin Wang
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Zhejiang Laboratory, Hangzhou 311100, China
| | - Guozhong Xing
- Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhao
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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18
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Kim SW, Lee JH, Ko HJ, Lee S, Bae GY, Kim D, Lee G, Lee SG, Cho K. Mechanically Robust and Linearly Sensitive Soft Piezoresistive Pressure Sensor for a Wearable Human-Robot Interaction System. ACS Nano 2024; 18:3151-3160. [PMID: 38235650 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c09016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Soft piezoresistive pressure sensors play an underpinning role in enabling a plethora of future Internet of Things (IoT) applications such as human-robot interaction (HRI) technologies, wearable devices, and metaverse ecosystems. Despite significant attempts to enhance the performance of these sensors, existing sensors still fall short of achieving high strain tolerance and linearity simultaneously. Herein, we present a low-cost, facile, and scalable approach to fabricating a highly strain-tolerant and linearly sensitive soft piezoresistive pressure sensor. Our design utilizes thin nanocracked gold films (NC-GFs) deposited on poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) as electrodes of the sensor. The large mismatch stress between gold (Au) and PDMS induces the formation of secondary wrinkles along the pyramidal-structured electrode under pressure; these wrinkles function as protuberances on the electrode and enable exceptional linear sensitivity of 4.2 kPa-1 over a wide pressure range. Additionally, our pressure sensor can maintain its performance even after severe mechanical deformations, including repeated stretching up to 30% strain, due to the outstanding strain tolerance of NC-GF. Our sensor's impressive sensing performance and mechanical robustness make it suitable for diverse IoT applications, as demonstrated by its use in wearable pulse monitoring devices and human-robot interaction systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Won Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Jeng-Hun Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Hyeon Ju Ko
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Korea
| | - Siyoung Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Geun Yeol Bae
- Department of Materials Design Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Korea
| | - Daegun Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Giwon Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea
| | - Seung Goo Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Korea
| | - Kilwon Cho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
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19
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Li B, Zheng X, Kim S, Wang X, Jiang F, Li R, Joo SW, Cong C, Li X. Fully printed non-contact touch sensors based on GCN/PDMS composites: enabling over-the-bottom detection, 3D recognition, and wireless transmission. Sci Technol Adv Mater 2024; 25:2311635. [PMID: 38361533 PMCID: PMC10868416 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2024.2311635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
The rapid advancement in intelligent bionics has elevated electronic skin to a pivotal component in bionic robots, enabling swift responses to diverse external stimuli. Combining wearable touch sensors with IoT technology lays the groundwork for achieving the versatile functionality of electronic skin. However, most current touch sensors rely on capacitive layer deformations induced by pressure, leading to changes in capacitance values. Unfortunately, sensors of this kind often face limitations in practical applications due to their uniform sensing capabilities. This study presents a novel approach by incorporating graphitic carbon nitride (GCN) into polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) at a low concentration. Surprisingly, this blend of materials with higher dielectric constants yields composite films with lower dielectric constants, contrary to expectations. Unlike traditional capacitive sensors, our non-contact touch sensors exploit electric field interference between the object and the sensor's edge, with enhanced effects from the low dielectric constant GCN/PDMS film. Consequently, we have fabricated touch sensor grids using an array configuration of dispensing printing techniques, facilitating fast response and ultra-low-limit contact detection with finger-to-device distances ranging from 5 to 100 mm. These sensors exhibit excellent resolution in recognizing 3D object shapes and accurately detecting positional motion. Moreover, they enable real-time monitoring of array data with signal transmission over a 4G network. In summary, our proposed approach for fabricating low dielectric constant thin films, as employed in non-contact touch sensors, opens new avenues for advancing electronic skin technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingxiang Li
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xianbin Zheng
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - SeHyun Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Xuhao Wang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Fuhao Jiang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Rong Li
- Technology Research and Development Department, Shandong Zhongkang Guochuang Research Institute of Advanced Dyeing & Finishing Technology Co., Ltd ., Taian, China
| | - Sang Woo Joo
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Chenhao Cong
- School of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Xinlin Li
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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20
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Zhong Y, Wang J, Wu L, Liu K, Dai S, Hua J, Cheng G, Ding J. Dome-Conformal Electrode Strategy for Enhancing the Sensitivity of BaTiO 3-Doped Flexible Self-powered Triboelectric Pressure Sensor. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:1727-1736. [PMID: 38150505 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c14015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
A microstructured surface has been applied in self-powered triboelectric pressure sensors to increase the charge-carrying sites and enhance the output performance. However, the microstructure increases the distance between the electrode and the triboelectric layer, and its influence on the output performance is unknown. Herein, we proposed a dome-conformal electrode strategy for a self-powered triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) pressure sensor. With a simple reverse-dome adsorption process, an ultrathin triboelectric layer and Ag electrode can be made conformal to the dome PDMS structure. The TENG sensor is constructed with paper as a positive triboelectric layer. Compared with the device based on nonconformal structure, the conformal design strategy endows the device with a faster charge transfer and enhanced output voltage. By doping with BaTiO3, the outermost triboelectric layer can be easily modified to improve its ability of sustaining charge, and an ultrathin PDMS layer is coated on the triboelectric layer to expand the triboelectric polarity difference between two triboelectric layers so as to enhance the output voltage. The synergistic effects enable the optimized TENG sensor with a sensitivity of 0.75 V/kPa in the low-pressure region (0-26 kPa) and 0.19 V/kPa in the high-pressure range (26-120 kPa). Its application in human motion detection, grabbing water beakers, and noncontact distance testing has been demonstrated. This work provides a route such as a conformal structure design strategy to enhance the output performance of a microstructure-based TENG sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhong
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Longgang Wu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Kunshan Liu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Shengping Dai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jinggangshan University, Ji'An 343009, China
| | - Jing Hua
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Guanggui Cheng
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Jianning Ding
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
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21
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Fang K, Wan Y, Wei J, Chen T. Hydrogel-Based Sensors for Human-Machine Interaction. Langmuir 2023; 39:16975-16985. [PMID: 37994525 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
In the past decades, remarkable progress has been made in the field of human-machine interaction. The need for accurate sensing devices with satisfactory user experiences has propelled the development of flexible, stretchable, biocompatible, and imperceptible hydrogel-based interfaces. These innovative interfaces facilitate direct interactions between humans and machines while receiving detected input signals from sensors and giving output commands to controllers, thus motivating accurate real-time responsiveness. This Perspective discusses the sensing mechanisms for the two categories of hydrogel-based sensors and summarizes the recent progress in the development of different representations of human-machine interactions, including intelligent identification, information secrecy, interactive control, and virtual reality and augmented reality technologies. The advantages of hydrogel-based systems over conventionally used rigid electrical components are explicitly discussed. The conclusion provides a perspective on current challenges and outlines a future roadmap for the realization of state-of-the-art hydrogel-based smart systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kecheng Fang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Yan Wan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Junjie Wei
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China
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22
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Liu HC, Lin MH, Chang WC, Zeng RC, Wang YM, Sun CW. Rapid On-Site AI-Assisted Grading for Lung Surgery Based on Optical Coherence Tomography. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5388. [PMID: 38001648 PMCID: PMC10670228 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15225388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The determination of resection extent traditionally relies on the microscopic invasiveness of frozen sections (FSs) and is crucial for surgery of early lung cancer with preoperatively unknown histology. While previous research has shown the value of optical coherence tomography (OCT) for instant lung cancer diagnosis, tumor grading through OCT remains challenging. Therefore, this study proposes an interactive human-machine interface (HMI) that integrates a mobile OCT system, deep learning algorithms, and attention mechanisms. The system is designed to mark the lesion's location on the image smartly and perform tumor grading in real time, potentially facilitating clinical decision making. Twelve patients with a preoperatively unknown tumor but a final diagnosis of adenocarcinoma underwent thoracoscopic resection, and the artificial intelligence (AI)-designed system mentioned above was used to measure fresh specimens. Results were compared to FSs benchmarked on permanent pathologic reports. Current results show better differentiating power among minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (MIA), invasive adenocarcinoma (IA), and normal tissue, with an overall accuracy of 84.9%, compared to 20% for FSs. Additionally, the sensitivity and specificity, the sensitivity and specificity were 89% and 82.7% for MIA and 94% and 80.6% for IA, respectively. The results suggest that this AI system can potentially produce rapid and efficient diagnoses and ultimately improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Chang Liu
- Section of Thoracic Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei City 10449, Taiwan;
- Intensive Care Unit, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei City 10449, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City 25245, Taiwan
- Department of Optometry, Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, Taipei City 11260, Taiwan
| | - Miao-Hui Lin
- Biomedical Optical Imaging Lab, Department of Photonics, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu City 30010, Taiwan; (M.-H.L.); (R.-C.Z.); (Y.-M.W.)
| | - Wei-Chin Chang
- Department of Pathology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 25160, Taiwan;
- Department of Pathology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei City 11030, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11030, Taiwan
| | - Rui-Cheng Zeng
- Biomedical Optical Imaging Lab, Department of Photonics, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu City 30010, Taiwan; (M.-H.L.); (R.-C.Z.); (Y.-M.W.)
| | - Yi-Min Wang
- Biomedical Optical Imaging Lab, Department of Photonics, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu City 30010, Taiwan; (M.-H.L.); (R.-C.Z.); (Y.-M.W.)
| | - Chia-Wei Sun
- Biomedical Optical Imaging Lab, Department of Photonics, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu City 30010, Taiwan; (M.-H.L.); (R.-C.Z.); (Y.-M.W.)
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu City 30010, Taiwan
- Medical Device Innovation and Translation Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei City 11259, Taiwan
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23
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Lv L, Liu T, Jiang T, Li J, Zhang J, Zhou Q, Dhakal R, Li X, Li Y, Yao Z. A highly sensitive flexible capacitive pressure sensor with hierarchical pyramid micro-structured PDMS-based dielectric layer for health monitoring. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1303142. [PMID: 38026884 PMCID: PMC10665575 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1303142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, a flexible pressure sensor with high sensitivity was created using a dielectric layer featuring a hierarchical pyramid microstructure, both in simulation and fabrication. The capacitive pressure sensor comprises a hierarchically arranged dielectric layer made of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) with pyramid microstructures, positioned between copper electrodes at the top and bottom. The achievement of superior sensing performance is highly contingent upon the thickness of the dielectric layer, as indicated by both empirical findings and finite-element analysis. Specifically, the capacitive pressure sensor, featuring a dielectric layer thickness of 0.5 mm, exhibits a remarkable sensitivity of 0.77 kPa-1 within the pressure range below 1 kPa. It also demonstrates an impressive response time of 55 ms and recovery time of 42 ms, along with a low detection limit of 8 Pa. Furthermore, this sensor showcases exceptional stability and reproducibility with up to 1,000 cycles. Considering its exceptional achievements, the pressure sensor has been effectively utilized for monitoring physiological signals, sign language gestures, and vertical mechanical force exerted on objects. Additionally, a 5 × 5 sensor array was fabricated to accurately and precisely map the shape and position of objects. The pressure sensor with advanced performance shows broad potential in electronic skin applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyu Lv
- Heart Center, Qingdao Hiser Hospital Affiliated of Qingdao University (Qingdao Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital), Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- College of Electronics and Information, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Tianxiang Liu
- Heart Center, Qingdao Hiser Hospital Affiliated of Qingdao University (Qingdao Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital), Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- College of Electronics and Information, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ting Jiang
- Heart Center, Qingdao Hiser Hospital Affiliated of Qingdao University (Qingdao Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital), Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiamin Li
- Heart Center, Qingdao Hiser Hospital Affiliated of Qingdao University (Qingdao Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital), Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- College of Electronics and Information, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Heart Center, Qingdao Hiser Hospital Affiliated of Qingdao University (Qingdao Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital), Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- College of Electronics and Information, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qihui Zhou
- Heart Center, Qingdao Hiser Hospital Affiliated of Qingdao University (Qingdao Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital), Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- School of Rehabilitation Sciences and Engineering, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Rajendra Dhakal
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiao Li
- Hisense Visual Technology Co., Ltd., Qingdao, China
| | - Yuanyue Li
- College of Electronics and Information, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhao Yao
- Heart Center, Qingdao Hiser Hospital Affiliated of Qingdao University (Qingdao Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital), Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- College of Electronics and Information, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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24
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Lu Y, Kong D, Yang G, Wang R, Pang G, Luo H, Yang H, Xu K. Machine Learning-Enabled Tactile Sensor Design for Dynamic Touch Decoding. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2023; 10:e2303949. [PMID: 37740421 PMCID: PMC10646241 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202303949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Skin-like flexible sensors play vital roles in healthcare and human-machine interactions. However, general goals focus on pursuing intrinsic static and dynamic performance of skin-like sensors themselves accompanied with diverse trial-and-error attempts. Such a forward strategy almost isolates the design of sensors from resulting applications. Here, a machine learning (ML)-guided design of flexible tactile sensor system is reported, enabling a high classification accuracy (≈99.58%) of tactile perception in six dynamic touch modalities. Different from the intuition-driven sensor design, such ML-guided performance optimization is realized by introducing a support vector machine-based ML algorithm along with specific statistical criteria for fabrication parameters selection to excavate features deeply concealed in raw sensing data. This inverse design merges the statistical learning criteria into the design phase of sensing hardware, bridging the gap between the device structures and algorithms. Using the optimized tactile sensor, the high-quality recognizable signals in handwriting applications are obtained. Besides, with the additional data processing, a robot hand assembled with the sensor is able to complete real-time touch-decoding of an 11-digit braille phone number with high accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyao Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic SystemsSchool of Mechanical EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
| | - Depeng Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic SystemsSchool of Mechanical EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
| | - Geng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic SystemsSchool of Mechanical EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Intelligent Operation and Maintenance RobotHangzhou310000China
| | - Ruohan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic SystemsSchool of Mechanical EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
| | - Gaoyang Pang
- School of Electrical and Information EngineeringThe University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia
| | - Huayu Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic SystemsSchool of Mechanical EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
| | - Huayong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic SystemsSchool of Mechanical EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
| | - Kaichen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic SystemsSchool of Mechanical EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
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25
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Abstract
Soft bioelectronics play an increasingly crucial role in high-precision therapeutics due to their softness, biocompatibility, clinical accuracy, long-term stability, and patient-friendliness. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the latest representative therapeutic applications of advanced soft bioelectronics, ranging from wearable therapeutics for skin wounds, diabetes, ophthalmic diseases, muscle disorders, and other diseases to implantable therapeutics against complex diseases, such as cardiac arrhythmias, cancer, neurological diseases, and others. We also highlight key challenges and opportunities for future clinical translation and commercialization of soft therapeutic bioelectronics toward personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongman Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
- The Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Zhongtai Zhu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
| | - Pengcheng Zhou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
- The Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Yunfan Zou
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Jiawei Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
- The Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Hossam Haick
- The Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
- The Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Technologies for Energy Conversion, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
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26
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Glass P, Shar A, Pemberton C, Nguyen E, Park SH, Joung D. 3D-Printed Artificial Cilia Arrays: A Versatile Tool for Customizable Mechanosensing. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2023; 10:e2303164. [PMID: 37483144 PMCID: PMC10502633 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202303164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Bio-inspired cilium-based mechanosensors offer a high level of responsiveness, making them suitable for a wide range of industrial, environmental, and biomedical applications. Despite great promise, the development of sensors with multifunctionality, scalability, customizability, and sensing linearity presents challenges due to the complex sensing mechanisms and fabrication methods involved. To this end, high-aspect-ratio polycaprolactone/graphene cilia structures with high conductivity, and facile fabrication are employed to address these challenges. For these 3D-printed structures, an "inter-cilium contact" sensing mechanism that enables the sensor to function akin to an on-off switch, significantly enhancing sensitivity and reducing ambiguity in detection, is proposed. The cilia structures exhibit high levels of customizability, including thickness, height, spacing, and arrangement, while maintaining mechanical robustness. The simplicity of the sensor design enables highly sensitive detection in diverse applications, encompassing airflow and water flow monitoring, braille detection, and debris recognition. Overall, the unique conductive cilia-based sensing mechanism that is proposed brings several advantages, advancing the development of multi-sensing capabilities and flexible electronic skin applications in smart robotics and human prosthetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip Glass
- Department of PhysicsVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVA23284USA
| | - Andy Shar
- Department of PhysicsVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVA23284USA
| | - Charles Pemberton
- Department of PhysicsVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVA23284USA
| | - Ethan Nguyen
- Department of PhysicsVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVA23284USA
| | - Sung Hyun Park
- Sustainable Technology and Wellness R&D GroupKorea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH)Jeju‐siJeju‐do63243Republic of Korea
| | - Daeha Joung
- Department of PhysicsVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVA23284USA
- Massey Cancer CenterVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVA23298USA
- Institute for Sustainable Energy and EnvironmentVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVA23284USA
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27
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Huang W, Ding Q, Wang H, Wu Z, Luo Y, Shi W, Yang L, Liang Y, Liu C, Wu J. Design of stretchable and self-powered sensing device for portable and remote trace biomarkers detection. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5221. [PMID: 37633989 PMCID: PMC10460451 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40953-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Timely and remote biomarker detection is highly desired in personalized medicine and health protection but presents great challenges in the devices reported so far. Here, we present a cost-effective, flexible and self-powered sensing device for H2S biomarker analysis in various application scenarios based on the structure of galvanic cells. The sensing mechanism is attributed to the change in electrode potential resulting from the chemical adsorption of gas molecules on the electrode surfaces. Intrinsically stretchable organohydrogels are used as solid-state electrolytes to enable stable and long-term operation of devices under stretching deformation or in various environments. The resulting open-circuit sensing device exhibits high sensitivity, low detection limit, and excellent selectivity for H2S. Its application in the non-invasive halitosis diagnosis and identification of meat spoilage is demonstrated, emerging great commercial value in portable medical electronics and food security. A wireless sensory system has also been developed for remote H2S monitoring with the participation of Bluetooth and cloud technologies. This work breaks through the shortcomings in the traditional chemiresistive sensors, offering a direction and theoretical foundation for designing wearable sensors catering to other stimulus detection requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiongling Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zixuan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yibing Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenxiong Shi
- Institute for New Energy Materials and Low Carbon Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, 300384, Tianjin, China
| | - Le Yang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, 56th Lingyuanxi Road, 510055, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Stomatology, No. 74, 2nd Zhongshan Road, 510080, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yujie Liang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, 56th Lingyuanxi Road, 510055, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Stomatology, No. 74, 2nd Zhongshan Road, 510080, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, China.
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Abstract
Recent advancements in wearable electronics offer seamless integration with the human body for extracting various biophysical and biochemical information for real-time health monitoring, clinical diagnostics, and augmented reality. Enormous efforts have been dedicated to imparting stretchability/flexibility and softness to electronic devices through materials science and structural modifications that enable stable and comfortable integration of these devices with the curvilinear and soft human body. However, the optical properties of these devices are still in the early stages of consideration. By incorporating transparency, visual information from interfacing biological systems can be preserved and utilized for comprehensive clinical diagnosis with image analysis techniques. Additionally, transparency provides optical imperceptibility, alleviating reluctance to wear the device on exposed skin. This review discusses the recent advancement of transparent wearable electronics in a comprehensive way that includes materials, processing, devices, and applications. Materials for transparent wearable electronics are discussed regarding their characteristics, synthesis, and engineering strategies for property enhancements. We also examine bridging techniques for stable integration with the soft human body. Building blocks for wearable electronic systems, including sensors, energy devices, actuators, and displays, are discussed with their mechanisms and performances. Lastly, we summarize the potential applications and conclude with the remaining challenges and prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daeyeon Won
- Applied
Nano and Thermal Science Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Junhyuk Bang
- Applied
Nano and Thermal Science Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Seok Hwan Choi
- Applied
Nano and Thermal Science Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Kyung Rok Pyun
- Applied
Nano and Thermal Science Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Seongmin Jeong
- Applied
Nano and Thermal Science Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Youngseok Lee
- Applied
Nano and Thermal Science Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Seung Hwan Ko
- Applied
Nano and Thermal Science Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Institute
of Engineering Research/Institute of Advanced Machinery and Design
(SNU-IAMD), Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
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Tao K, Yu J, Zhang J, Bao A, Hu H, Ye T, Ding Q, Wang Y, Lin H, Wu J, Chang H, Zhang H, Yuan W. Deep-Learning Enabled Active Biomimetic Multifunctional Hydrogel Electronic Skin. ACS Nano 2023; 17:16160-16173. [PMID: 37523784 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c05253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
There is huge demand for recreating human skin with the functions of epidermis and dermis for interactions with the physical world. Herein, a biomimetic, ultrasensitive, and multifunctional hydrogel-based electronic skin (BHES) was proposed. Its epidermis function was mimicked using poly(ethylene terephthalate) with nanoscale wrinkles, enabling accurate identification of materials through the capabilities to gain/lose electrons during contact electrification. Internal mechanoreceptor was mimicked by interdigital silver electrodes with stick-slip sensing capabilities to identify textures/roughness. The dermis function was mimicked by patterned microcone hydrogel, achieving pressure sensors with high sensitivity (17.32 mV/Pa), large pressure range (20-5000 Pa), low detection limit, and fast response (10 ms)/recovery time (17 ms). Assisted by deep learning, this BHES achieved high accuracy and minimized interference in identifying materials (95.00% for 10 materials) and textures (97.20% for four roughness cases). By integrating signal acquisition/processing circuits, a wearable drone control system was demonstrated with three-degree-of-freedom movement and enormous potentials for soft robots, self-powered human-machine interaction interfaces of digital twins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Tao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Systems for Aerospace, School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
- Research & Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, Sanhang Science & Technology Building, No.45th, Gaoxin South ninth Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen City 518063, China
| | - Jiahao Yu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Systems for Aerospace, School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
- Research & Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, Sanhang Science & Technology Building, No.45th, Gaoxin South ninth Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen City 518063, China
| | - Jiyuan Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Systems for Aerospace, School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
- Research & Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, Sanhang Science & Technology Building, No.45th, Gaoxin South ninth Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen City 518063, China
| | - Aocheng Bao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Systems for Aerospace, School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Haowen Hu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Systems for Aerospace, School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Tao Ye
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Systems for Aerospace, School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Qiongling Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies and the Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yaozheng Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Integrated Circuits, School of Integrated Circuits, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Haobin Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies and the Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies and the Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Honglong Chang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Systems for Aerospace, School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Haixia Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Integrated Circuits, School of Integrated Circuits, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Weizheng Yuan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Systems for Aerospace, School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
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Lyu B, Zhou H, Gao Y, Mao X, Li F, Zhang J, Nie D, Zeng W, Lu Y, Wu J, Yang Z, Tao K. Constructing origami power generator from one piece of electret thin film and application in AI-enabled transmission line vibration monitoring. Microsyst Nanoeng 2023; 9:101. [PMID: 37554951 PMCID: PMC10404589 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-023-00572-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
One of the crucial issues for applying electret/triboelectric power generators in the Internet of Things (IoT) is to take full advantage of specific high voltage signals and enable self-powered sensing. Therefore, inspired by Miura-origami, we present an innovative origami power generator (OPG) constructed from only one piece of electret thin film. The Miura-origami architecture realizes a generator with excellent deformability and stretchability and makes it unnecessary for any auxiliary support structure during the compress-release cycle. Various parameters of the generator are intensively investigated, including the excitation accelerations, excitation displacements, numbers of power generation units and deformation degree of the device. When stimulated with 5.0 g acceleration at 15 Hz frequency, the generator with 8 generation units can obtain an instantaneous peak-to-peak voltage and a remarkable optimum peak power of 328 V and 2152 μW at 50 MΩ, respectively. In addition, the regulable shape and multiple generation modes of the device greatly improve its applicability in various vibration energy collection requirements. Based on the above results, a hexagonal electret generator integrated with six-phase OPGs is developed as a "Buoy on Sky," after which the signal waveforms generated from internal power generators are recognized with 92% accuracy through a neural network algorithm that identifies the vibration conditions of transmission lines. This work demonstrates that a fusion of origami art and energy conversion techniques can achieve a multifunctional generator design satisfying the requirements for IoT applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boming Lyu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Systems for Aerospace, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, PR China
- Research & Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Huipeng Zhou
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Systems for Aerospace, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, PR China
- Research & Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Yangyang Gao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Systems for Aerospace, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, PR China
- Research & Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Xinhui Mao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Systems for Aerospace, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, PR China
- Research & Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Fangzhi Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Systems for Aerospace, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, PR China
- Research & Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Jiyuan Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Systems for Aerospace, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, PR China
- Research & Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Dezhi Nie
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Systems for Aerospace, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, PR China
- Research & Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Wen Zeng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Systems for Aerospace, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, PR China
| | - Yonglin Lu
- Research Institute of State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co., Ltd, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Jin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies and the Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Zhaoshu Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, PR China
| | - Kai Tao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Systems for Aerospace, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, PR China
- Research & Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, PR China
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31
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Lian JJ, Guo WT, Sun QJ. Emerging Functional Polymer Composites for Tactile Sensing. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:4310. [PMID: 37374494 DOI: 10.3390/ma16124310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, extensive research has been conducted on the development of high-performance flexible tactile sensors, pursuing the next generation of highly intelligent electronics with diverse potential applications in self-powered wearable sensors, human-machine interactions, electronic skin, and soft robotics. Among the most promising materials that have emerged in this context are functional polymer composites (FPCs), which exhibit exceptional mechanical and electrical properties, enabling them to be excellent candidates for tactile sensors. Herein, this review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advances in FPCs-based tactile sensors, including the fundamental principle, the necessary property parameter, the unique device structure, and the fabrication process of different types of tactile sensors. Examples of FPCs are elaborated with a focus on miniaturization, self-healing, self-cleaning, integration, biodegradation, and neural control. Furthermore, the applications of FPC-based tactile sensors in tactile perception, human-machine interaction, and healthcare are further described. Finally, the existing limitations and technical challenges for FPCs-based tactile sensors are briefly discussed, offering potential avenues for the development of electronic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Jin Lian
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wen-Tao Guo
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qi-Jun Sun
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Xu R, She M, Liu J, Zhao S, Zhao J, Zhang X, Qu L, Tian M. Skin-Friendly and Wearable Iontronic Touch Panel for Virtual-Real Handwriting Interaction. ACS Nano 2023; 17:8293-8302. [PMID: 37074102 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c12612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Touch panels are deemed as a critical platform for the future of human-computer interaction and metaverse. Recently, stretchable iontronic touch panels have attracted attention due to their superior adhesivity to the human body. However, such adhesion can not be named "real wearable", leading to discomfort for the wearer, such as rashes or itching with long-time wearing. Herein, a skin-friendly and wearable iontronic textile-based touch panel with highly touch-sensing resolution and deformation insensitivity is designed based on an in-suit growing strategy. This textile-based touch panel endows excellent interfacial hydrophilic and biocompatibility with human skin by overcoming the bottlenecks of the hydrogel-based uncomfortable sticky touch interface and low mechanical behavior. The developed touch panel enables handwriting interaction with good mechanical capacity (114 MPa), nearly 4145 times higher than pure hydrogel. More importantly, our touch panel possesses intrinsic insensitivity to wide external loading from the silver fiber (<0.003 g) to even heavy metal block (>10 kg). As proof of concept, the textile-based iontronic touch panel is applied to handwriting interaction, such as a flexible keyboard and wearable sketchpad. This iontronic touch panel with skin-friendly and wearable qualitities is helpful for next-generation wearable interaction electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruidong Xu
- Research Center for Intelligent and Wearable Technology, College of Textiles and Clothing, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-textiles of Shandong Province and the Ministry of Education, Intelligent Wearable Engineering Research Center of Qingdao, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, PR China
| | - Minghua She
- Research Center for Intelligent and Wearable Technology, College of Textiles and Clothing, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-textiles of Shandong Province and the Ministry of Education, Intelligent Wearable Engineering Research Center of Qingdao, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, PR China
| | - Jiaxu Liu
- Research Center for Intelligent and Wearable Technology, College of Textiles and Clothing, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-textiles of Shandong Province and the Ministry of Education, Intelligent Wearable Engineering Research Center of Qingdao, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, PR China
| | - Shikang Zhao
- Research Center for Intelligent and Wearable Technology, College of Textiles and Clothing, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-textiles of Shandong Province and the Ministry of Education, Intelligent Wearable Engineering Research Center of Qingdao, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, PR China
| | - Jisheng Zhao
- Research Center for Intelligent and Wearable Technology, College of Textiles and Clothing, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-textiles of Shandong Province and the Ministry of Education, Intelligent Wearable Engineering Research Center of Qingdao, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, PR China
| | - Xueji Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
| | - Lijun Qu
- Research Center for Intelligent and Wearable Technology, College of Textiles and Clothing, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-textiles of Shandong Province and the Ministry of Education, Intelligent Wearable Engineering Research Center of Qingdao, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, PR China
| | - Mingwei Tian
- Research Center for Intelligent and Wearable Technology, College of Textiles and Clothing, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-textiles of Shandong Province and the Ministry of Education, Intelligent Wearable Engineering Research Center of Qingdao, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, PR China
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Wu J, Liu Y, Hua S, Meng F, Ma Q, Song S, Che Y. Dynamic Cross-Linking Network Construction of Carboxymethyl Starch Enabling Temperature and Strain Bimodal Film Sensors. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:17293-17300. [PMID: 36951487 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c01918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Building stimulus-responsive units in the hydrogel coatings remains challenging for film sensors consisting of alternated layers of inert substrates and hydrogel coatings. An interesting film sensor with a carboxymethyl starch-based hydrogel coating was developed here. The cross-linking networks of carboxymethyl starch play the roles of structure-constructing units and stimulus-controlling units simultaneously, endowing the coatings with thermal sensing and strain sensing capabilities. The dynamic cross-links formed via the boronic ester bonds are temperature-sensitive, releasing or consuming additional acid ions with temperature alteration, and also as primary networks give the hydrogel strength and stretchability with the assistance of semi-penetrated polyacrylamide chains. Therefore, as-prepared flexible film sensors can be used to detect the periodic changes of human temperature and small-scale motion with multiple working modes, discriminating the physical states related to human health. Moreover, this kind of starch-based coating is degradable in a strongly alkaline solution and the inert substrate layer can protect the skin from erosion caused by direct hydrogel-skin contact, and thereby the film sensor is human- and environmentally friendly. This work also proposes a strategy of building temperature-sensitive units in the film sensor via regulating the chemical networks, instead of tuning physical structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhen Wu
- Marine College, Shandong University (Weihai), Wenhua West Road, Weihai, Shandong Province 264209, P. R. China
| | - Yijie Liu
- Marine College, Shandong University (Weihai), Wenhua West Road, Weihai, Shandong Province 264209, P. R. China
| | - Shengming Hua
- Marine College, Shandong University (Weihai), Wenhua West Road, Weihai, Shandong Province 264209, P. R. China
| | - Fanjun Meng
- Marine College, Shandong University (Weihai), Wenhua West Road, Weihai, Shandong Province 264209, P. R. China
| | - Qinglin Ma
- Marine College, Shandong University (Weihai), Wenhua West Road, Weihai, Shandong Province 264209, P. R. China
| | - Shuliang Song
- Marine College, Shandong University (Weihai), Wenhua West Road, Weihai, Shandong Province 264209, P. R. China
| | - Yuju Che
- Marine College, Shandong University (Weihai), Wenhua West Road, Weihai, Shandong Province 264209, P. R. China
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Zheng X, Chen L, Wang B, Yang S, Zhou S. Fabrication and Analysis of Microcapsule Electrets with a Tunable Flexoelectric-like Response. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:17301-17308. [PMID: 36951713 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c02031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The electret has drawn considerable attention as an emerging flexible energy collector. In this work, a charged microcapsule is designed which can provide a stable storage space for electric charge in the electret. The flexoelectric-like response is achieved by embedding a layer of charged microcapsules in the middle plane of the flexible polymer to form an electret. The results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy verified the successful preparation of microcapsules. Zeta potential analysis showed the negative electrical properties of the microcapsules. The prepared microcapsule electret has a significant flexoelectric effect under loading conditions. This work presents a preliminary theoretical study of the microcapsule electret to optimize the output characteristics of the electret by varying the parameters, including the number of microcapsules, the size of the electret, and the external load. Good agreement was achieved with the experimental results, which verified the validity of the theoretical study. This work provides a new method for preparing electret and further promotes its application in electromechanical transducers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zheng
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250061, China
| | - Lingling Chen
- School of Civil Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250061, China
| | - Binglei Wang
- School of Civil Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250061, China
| | - Shengyou Yang
- School of Civil Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250061, China
| | - Shenjie Zhou
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250061, China
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35
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Zhao Z, Hu YP, Liu KY, Yu W, Li GX, Meng CZ, Guo SJ. Recent Development of Self-Powered Tactile Sensors Based on Ionic Hydrogels. Gels 2023; 9:gels9030257. [PMID: 36975706 PMCID: PMC10048595 DOI: 10.3390/gels9030257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels are three-dimensional polymer networks with excellent flexibility. In recent years, ionic hydrogels have attracted extensive attention in the development of tactile sensors owing to their unique properties, such as ionic conductivity and mechanical properties. These features enable ionic hydrogel-based tactile sensors with exceptional performance in detecting human body movement and identifying external stimuli. Currently, there is a pressing demand for the development of self-powered tactile sensors that integrate ionic conductors and portable power sources into a single device for practical applications. In this paper, we introduce the basic properties of ionic hydrogels and highlight their application in self-powered sensors working in triboelectric, piezoionic, ionic diode, battery, and thermoelectric modes. We also summarize the current difficulty and prospect the future development of ionic hydrogel self-powered sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Smart Sensing and Human-Robot Interaction, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Yong-Peng Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Smart Sensing and Human-Robot Interaction, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Kai-Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Smart Sensing and Human-Robot Interaction, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Wei Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Smart Sensing and Human-Robot Interaction, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Guo-Xian Li
- State Key Laboratory for Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Smart Sensing and Human-Robot Interaction, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Chui-Zhou Meng
- State Key Laboratory for Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Smart Sensing and Human-Robot Interaction, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Shi-Jie Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Smart Sensing and Human-Robot Interaction, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
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Jing T, Wang S, Yuan H, Yang Y, Xue M, Xu B. Interfacial Roughness Enhanced Gel/Elastomer Interfacial Bonding Enables Robust and Stretchable Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Reliable Energy Harvesting. Small 2023; 19:e2206528. [PMID: 36587974 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Gel-based triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) has demonstrated promising potentials in stretchable electronics owing to gel electrodes' intrinsic softness, stretchability, and conductivity. However, delamination between gel and elastomer layers in deformations remains a considerable challenge for gel-based TENG, which most often induces structure failure. Herein, gels are regarded as adhesives and further effectively enhances interfacial bonding strength by a rough interface in adhesives' view, which exploits gels' liquid-to-solid transformation. This method just needs surface roughness of elastomer, which avoids chemical modification. Moreover, this method is effective to both organogel with good stickiness and hydrogel with weak stickiness, demonstrating wide applicability to different gels. Owing to the tough gel/elastomer interfacial bonding, TENG-Rough largely solves delamination problem under various deformations and the corresponding output performances of TENG-Rough are also maintained, implying a robust stretchable TENG device for reliable energy harvesting. This work demonstrates a general and facile method to enhance interfacial bonding in an adhesives' way, which provides a view for addressing delamination problem in gel-based TENGs and other kinds of gel-based devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Titao Jing
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, 519082, P. R. China
| | - Shuchang Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, 519082, P. R. China
| | - Haiyuan Yuan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, 519082, P. R. China
| | - Yujue Yang
- Nanotechnology Center, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Ming Xue
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, 519082, P. R. China
| | - Bingang Xu
- Nanotechnology Center, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
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37
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Zhang J, Shen S, Lin R, Huang J, Pu C, Chen P, Duan Q, You X, Xu C, Yan B, Gao X, Shen Z, Cai L, Qiu X, Hou H. Highly Stretchable and Biocompatible Wrinkled Nanoclay-Composite Hydrogel With Enhanced Sensing Capability for Precise Detection of Myocardial Infarction. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2209497. [PMID: 36527726 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202209497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
It is challenging to balance high biocompability with good mechanical-electrical sensing performance, especially when triggering inflammatory stress response after in vivo implantation. Herein, a bioinspired wrinkle-reinforced adaptive nanoclay-interlocked soft strain-sensor based on a highly stretchable and elastic ionic-conductive hydrogel is reported. This novel nanoclay-composite hydrogel exhibits excellent tensile properties and high sensing capacity with steady and reliable sensing performance due to the structural-mechanical-electrical integrity of the nanoclay crosslinked and nano-reinforced interpenetrating network. The incorporation of amphiphilic ions provides the hydrogel with significant protein resistance, reducing its non-specific adsorption to proteins upon implantation, improving its biosafety as an implanted device, and maintaining the authenticity of the sensing results. Based on the revealed sensing enhanced mechanism based on hierarchical ordered structures as a proof-of-concept application, this hydrogel sensor is demonstrated to be able to accurately localize the region where myocardial infarction occurs and may become a novel strategy for real-time monitoring of pathological changes in heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Si Shen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Rurong Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Jianxing Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Chunyi Pu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Pinger Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Qixiang Duan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Xintong You
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Chengzhong Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Bing Yan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Xinrui Gao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Ziqi Shen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Liu Cai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Xiaozhong Qiu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Honghao Hou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
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Gilanizadehdizaj G, Bhattacharyya D, Stringer J, Aw K. Elucidating the Conducting Mechanisms in a Flexible Piezoresistive Pressure Sensor Using Reduced Graphene Oxide Film in Silicone Elastomer. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:2443. [PMID: 36904647 PMCID: PMC10006949 DOI: 10.3390/s23052443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Sensors as a composite film made from reduced graphene oxide (rGO) structures filled with a silicone elastomer are soft and flexible, making them suitable for wearable applications. The sensors exhibit three distinct conducting regions, denoting different conducting mechanisms when pressure is applied. This article aims to elucidate the conduction mechanisms in these sensors made from this composite film. It was deduced that the conducting mechanisms are dominated by Schottky/thermionic emission and Ohmic conduction.
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Xu J, Pan J, Cui T, Zhang S, Yang Y, Ren TL. Recent Progress of Tactile and Force Sensors for Human-Machine Interaction. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:1868. [PMID: 36850470 PMCID: PMC9961639 DOI: 10.3390/s23041868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Human-Machine Interface (HMI) plays a key role in the interaction between people and machines, which allows people to easily and intuitively control the machine and immersively experience the virtual world of the meta-universe by virtual reality/augmented reality (VR/AR) technology. Currently, wearable skin-integrated tactile and force sensors are widely used in immersive human-machine interactions due to their ultra-thin, ultra-soft, conformal characteristics. In this paper, the recent progress of tactile and force sensors used in HMI are reviewed, including piezoresistive, capacitive, piezoelectric, triboelectric, and other sensors. Then, this paper discusses how to improve the performance of tactile and force sensors for HMI. Next, this paper summarizes the HMI for dexterous robotic manipulation and VR/AR applications. Finally, this paper summarizes and proposes the future development trend of HMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiandong Xu
- School of Integrated Circuits and Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jiong Pan
- School of Integrated Circuits and Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Tianrui Cui
- School of Integrated Circuits and Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yi Yang
- School of Integrated Circuits and Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Tian-Ling Ren
- School of Integrated Circuits and Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Center for Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Zhang H, Zhang D, Wang Z, Xi G, Mao R, Ma Y, Wang D, Tang M, Xu Z, Luan H. Ultrastretchable, Self-Healing Conductive Hydrogel-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Human-Computer Interaction. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:5128-5138. [PMID: 36658100 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c17904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The rapid development of wearable electronic devices and virtual reality technology has revived interest in flexible sensing and control devices. Here, we report an ionic hydrogel (PTSM) prepared from polypropylene amine (PAM), tannic acid (TA), sodium alginate (SA), and MXene. Based on the multiple weak H-bonds, this hydrogel exhibits excellent stretchability (strain >4600%), adhesion, and self-healing. The introduction of MXene nanosheets endows the hydrogel sensor with a high gauge factor (GF) of 6.6. Meanwhile, it also enables triboelectric nanogenerators (PTSM-TENGs) fabricated from silicone rubber-encapsulated hydrogels to have excellent energy harvesting efficiency, with an instantaneous output power density of 54.24 mW/m2. We build a glove-based human-computer interaction (HMI) system using PTSM-TENGs. The multidimensional signal features of PTSM-TENG are extracted and analyzed by the HMI system, and the functions of gesture visualization and robot hand control are realized. In addition, triboelectric signals can be used for object recognition with the help of machine learning techniques. The glove based on PTSM-TENG achieves the classification and recognition of five objects through contact, with an accuracy rate of 98.7%. Therefore, strain sensors and triboelectric nanogenerators based on hydrogels have broad application prospects in man-machine interface, intelligent recognition systems, auxiliary control systems, and other fields due to their excellent stretchable and high self-healing performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao266580, China
| | - Dongzhi Zhang
- College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao266580, China
| | - Zihu Wang
- College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao266580, China
| | - Guangshuai Xi
- College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao266580, China
| | - Ruiyuan Mao
- College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao266580, China
| | - Yanhua Ma
- College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao266580, China
| | - Dongyue Wang
- College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao266580, China
| | - Mingcong Tang
- College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao266580, China
| | - Zhenyuan Xu
- College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao266580, China
| | - Huixin Luan
- College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao266580, China
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Xia J, Luo J, Chang B, Sun C, Li K, Zhang Q, Li Y, Wang H, Hou C. High-Performance Zwitterionic Organohydrogel Fiber in Bioelectronics for Monitoring Bioinformation. Biosensors (Basel) 2023; 13:115. [PMID: 36671950 PMCID: PMC9855821 DOI: 10.3390/bios13010115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Bioinformation plays an imperative role in day-to-day life. Wearable bioelectronics are important for sensing bioinformation in real-time and conductive hydrogel fibers are a key component in next generation wearable bioelectronics. However, current conductive hydrogel fibers have remarkable disadvantages such as insufficient conductivity, stability, and bioinformation sensing ability. Here, we report the synthesis of a zwitterionic organohydrogel (ZOH) fiber by the combination of the mold method and solvent replacement strategy. The ZOH fiber shows transparency (92.1%), stretchability (905.8%), long-term stability, anti-freezing ability (-35-60 °C), and low light transmission loss (0.17 dB/cm). Then, we integrate the ZOH fiber into fabric for use as a bioinformation sensor, the results prove its capability as a bioinformation monitor, monitoring information such as motion and bioelectric signals. In addition, the potential of the ZOH fiber in optogenetic applications is also confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Jiabei Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Boya Chang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Chuanyue Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Kerui Li
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Qinghong Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Glasses Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yaogang Li
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Glasses Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Hongzhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Chengyi Hou
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
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Zhang Y, Liu H, Wang P, Yu Y, Zhou M, Xu B, Cui L, Wang Q. Stretchable, transparent, self-adhesive, anti-freezing and ionic conductive nanocomposite hydrogels for flexible strain sensors. Eur Polym J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2023.111824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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43
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Hu S, Zheng M, Wang Q, Li L, Xing J, Chen K, Qi F, He P, Mao L, Shi Z, Su B, Yang G. Cellulose hydrogel-based biodegradable and recyclable magnetoelectric composites for electromechanical conversion. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 298:120115. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Rong J, Zhou J, Zhou Y, Hu C, Li L, Guo W. 3D Single-Layer-Dominated Graphene Foam for High-Resolution Strain Sensing and Self-Monitoring Shape Memory Composite. Small 2022; 18:e2205301. [PMID: 36319465 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Flexible intelligent materials are desired to effectively regulate their own deformation and accurately sense their immediate morphology at the same time. Graphene foam is an attractive material for strain sensing and electrical/thermal performance control due to its outstanding mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties. However, graphene-foam-based materials with both strain sensing and deformation control capabilities are rarely reported. Here, a multiscale design of graphene foam with a single-layer-graphene-dominated microstructure and resilient 3D network architecture, which leads to exceptional strain sensing performance as well as modulation ability of the electrical and thermal conductivity for shape memory polymers, is reported. The graphene foams exhibit a strain detection limit of 0.033%, a rapid response of 53 ms, long-term stability over 10 000 cycles, significant thermoacoustic effect, and great heat-generation and heat-diffusion ability. By combining these advantages, an electro-activated shape-memory composite that is capable of monitoring its own shape state during its morphing process, is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiasheng Rong
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of the MOE, Institute of Nano Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, P. R. China
| | - Jianxin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of the MOE, Institute of Nano Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, P. R. China
| | - Yucheng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of the MOE, Institute of Nano Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, P. R. China
| | - Cong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of the MOE, Institute of Nano Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, P. R. China
| | - Luxian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of the MOE, Institute of Nano Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, P. R. China
| | - Wanlin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of the MOE, Institute of Nano Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, P. R. China
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45
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Bian Z, Li Y, Sun H, Shi M, Zheng Y, Liu H, Liu C, Shen C. Transparent, intrinsically stretchable cellulose nanofiber-mediated conductive hydrogel for strain and humidity sensing. Carbohydr Polym 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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46
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Zheng G, Gao W, Li X, Wu Z, Cao LA, Feng E, Yang Z. A κ-Carrageenan-Containing Organohydrogel with Adjustable Transmittance for an Antifreezing, Nondrying, and Solvent-Resistant Strain Sensor. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:4872-4882. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c01044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guangchao Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia Normal University, 161 Beiguan West Road, Guyuan 756000, China
| | - Wei Gao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia Normal University, 161 Beiguan West Road, Guyuan 756000, China
| | - Xue Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia Normal University, 161 Beiguan West Road, Guyuan 756000, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia Normal University, 161 Beiguan West Road, Guyuan 756000, China
| | - Lin-An Cao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia Normal University, 161 Beiguan West Road, Guyuan 756000, China
| | - Enke Feng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia Normal University, 161 Beiguan West Road, Guyuan 756000, China
| | - Zhiming Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia Normal University, 161 Beiguan West Road, Guyuan 756000, China
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Zhang W, Zhao J, Cai C, Qin Y, Meng X, Liu Y, Nie S. Gas-Sensitive Cellulosic Triboelectric Materials for Self-Powered Ammonia Sensing. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2022; 9:e2203428. [PMID: 36026574 PMCID: PMC9596830 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202203428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Gas-sensitive materials are capable of dynamic identification and content monitoring of specific gases in the environment, and their applications in the field of gas sensing are promising. However, weak adsorption properties are the main challenge limiting the application of gas-sensitive materials. A highly adsorbent gas-sensitive cellulose nanofibril (CNF)-based triboelectric material with a layered structure is prepared here and it is applied to self-powered gas sensing. The layered structure of the triethoxy-1H,1H,2H,2H-tridecafluoro-n-octylsilane cellulose nanofiber (PFOTES-CNF)-based gas-sensitive material further enhances the adsorption of the material due to electrostatic adsorption in the electrostatic field induced by triboelectricity. It is found that the ammonia-sensitive material obtained by loading Ti3 C2 Tx in PFOTES-CNF has a fast response/recovery (12/14 s), high sensitivity response (Vair /Vgas = 2.1), high selectivity response (37.6%), and low detection limit (10 ppm) for 100 ppm of ammonia gas. In addition, the ammonia-sensitive CNF-based triboelectric material can accurately identify NH3 concentration changes in the range of 10-120 ppm and transmit the signal wirelessly to the user interface, facilitating real-time online monitoring of NH3 in the environment. A novel strategy is provided here for designing and preparing high-performance gas-sensitive composites and the analysis of self-powered gas sensing is guided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanglin Zhang
- School of Light Industry and Food EngineeringGuangxi UniversityNanning530004P. R. China
| | - Jiamin Zhao
- School of Light Industry and Food EngineeringGuangxi UniversityNanning530004P. R. China
| | - Chenchen Cai
- School of Light Industry and Food EngineeringGuangxi UniversityNanning530004P. R. China
| | - Ying Qin
- School of Light Industry and Food EngineeringGuangxi UniversityNanning530004P. R. China
| | - Xiangjiang Meng
- School of Light Industry and Food EngineeringGuangxi UniversityNanning530004P. R. China
| | - Yanhua Liu
- School of Light Industry and Food EngineeringGuangxi UniversityNanning530004P. R. China
| | - Shuangxi Nie
- School of Light Industry and Food EngineeringGuangxi UniversityNanning530004P. R. China
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Liang Y, Ding Q, Wang H, Wu Z, Li J, Li Z, Tao K, Gui X, Wu J. Humidity Sensing of Stretchable and Transparent Hydrogel Films for Wireless Respiration Monitoring. Nanomicro Lett 2022; 14:183. [PMID: 36094761 PMCID: PMC9468213 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-022-00934-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Respiratory monitoring plays a pivotal role in health assessment and provides an important application prospect for flexible humidity sensors. However, traditional humidity sensors suffer from a trade-off between deformability, sensitivity, and transparency, and thus the development of high-performance, stretchable, and low-cost humidity sensors is urgently needed as wearable electronics. Here, ultrasensitive, highly deformable, and transparent humidity sensors are fabricated based on cost-effective polyacrylamide-based double network hydrogels. Concomitantly, a general method for preparing hydrogel films with controllable thickness is proposed to boost the sensitivity of hydrogel-based sensors due to the extensively increased specific surface area, which can be applied to different polymer networks and facilitate the development of flexible integrated electronics. In addition, sustainable tapioca rich in hydrophilic polar groups is introduced for the first time as a second cross-linked network, exhibiting excellent water adsorption capacity. Through the synergistic optimization of structure and composition, the obtained hydrogel film exhibits an ultrahigh sensitivity of 13,462.1%/%RH, which is unprecedented. Moreover, the hydrogel film-based sensor exhibits excellent repeatability and the ability to work normally under stretching with even enhanced sensitivity. As a proof of concept, we integrate the stretchable sensor with a specially designed wireless circuit and mask to fabricate a wireless respiratory interruption detection system with Bluetooth transmission, enabling real-time monitoring of human health status. This work provides a general strategy to construct high-performance, stretchable, and miniaturized hydrogel-based sensors as next-generation wearable devices for real-time monitoring of various physiological signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuning Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies and the Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiongling Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies and the Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies and the Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Zixuan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies and the Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianye Li
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies and the Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies and the Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Tao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Systems for Aerospace, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuchun Gui
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies and the Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies and the Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China.
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Wu Z, Ding Q, Li Z, Zhou Z, Luo L, Tao K, Xie X, Wu J. Ultrasensitive, stretchable, and transparent humidity sensor based on ion-conductive double-network hydrogel thin films. Sci China Mater 2022; 65:2540-2552. [PMID: 35600911 PMCID: PMC9109751 DOI: 10.1007/s40843-021-2022-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Ion-conductive hydrogels with intrinsic biocompatibility, stretchability, and stimuli-responsive capability have attracted considerable attention because of their extensive application potential in wearable sensing devices. The miniaturization and integration of hydrogel-based devices are currently expected to achieve breakthroughs in device performance and promote their practical application. However, currently, hydrogel film is rarely reported because it can be easily wrinkled, torn, and dehydrated, which severely hinders its development in microelectronics. Herein, thin, stretchable, and transparent ion-conductive double-network hydrogel films with controllable thickness are integrated with stretchable elastomer substrates, which show good environmental stability and ultrahigh sensitivity to humidity (78,785.5%/% relative humidity (RH)). Benefiting from the ultrahigh surface-area-to-volume ratio, abundant active sites, and short diffusion distance, the hydrogel film humidity sensor exhibits 2 × 105 times increased response to 98% RH, as well as 5.9 and 7.6 times accelerated response and recovery speeds compared with the bulk counterpart, indicating its remarkable thickness-dependent humidity-sensing properties. The humidity-sensing mechanism reveals that the adsorption of water improves the ion migration and dielectric constant, as well as establishes the electrical double layer. Furthermore, the noncontact human-machine interaction and real-time respiratory frequency detection are enabled by the sensors. This work provides an innovative strategy to achieve further breakthroughs in device performance and promote the development of hydrogel-based miniaturized and integrated electronics.
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Zhao Y, Cui J, Qiu X, Yan Y, Zhang Z, Fang K, Yang Y, Zhang X, Huang J. Manufacturing and post-engineering strategies of hydrogel actuators and sensors: From materials to interfaces. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 308:102749. [PMID: 36007285 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Living bodies are made of numerous bio-sensors and actuators for perceiving external stimuli and making movement. Hydrogels have been considered as ideal candidates for manufacturing bio-sensors and actuators because of their excellent biocompatibility, similar mechanical and electrical properties to that of living organs. The key point of manufacturing hydrogel sensors/actuators is that the materials should not only possess excellent mechanical and electrical properties but also form effective interfacial connections with various substrates. Traditional hydrogel normally shows high electrical resistance (~ MΩ•cm) with limited mechanical strength (<1 MPa), and it is prone to fatigue fracture during continuous loading-unloading cycles. Just like iron should be toughened and hardened into steel, manufacturing and post-treatment processes are necessary for modifying hydrogels. Besides, advanced design and manufacturing strategies can build effective interfaces between sensors/actuators and other substrates, thus enhancing the desired mechanical and electrical performances. Although various literatures have reviewed the manufacture or modification of hydrogels, the summary regarding the post-treatment strategies and the creation of effective electrical and mechanically sustainable interfaces are still lacking. This paper aims at providing an overview of the following topics: (i) the manufacturing and post-engineering treatment of hydrogel sensors and actuators; (ii) the processes of creating sensor(actuator)-substrate interfaces; (iii) the development and innovation of hydrogel manufacturing and interface creation. In the first section, the manufacturing processes and the principles for post-engineering treatments are discussed, and some typical examples are also presented. In the second section, the studies of interfaces between hydrogels and various substrates are reviewed. Lastly, we summarize the current manufacturing processes of hydrogels, and provide potential perspectives for hydrogel manufacturing and post-treatment methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Zhao
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250061, China
| | - Jiuyu Cui
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250061, China
| | - Xiaoyong Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Yonggan Yan
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250061, China
| | - Zekai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250061, China
| | - Kezhong Fang
- Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., LTD, Linyi 276005, China
| | - Yu Yang
- National Engineering and Technology Research Center of Chirality Pharmaceutical, Linyi 276005, China
| | - Xiaolai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Jun Huang
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250061, China.
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