1
|
Li J, Peng L, Lin S, Wang X, Miao R, Fang Y. Multicolor Emission in o-Carborane Derivatives Induced by Conformation Diversity through C-C Double Bond Substitution. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:9247-9254. [PMID: 39226529 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c02113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
Rationally designed molecules with versatile conformations are ideal candidates for creating challenging single component-based multicolor emissive materials. Herein, a new strategy is presented by introducing a C-C double bond in an o-carborane derivative. Compared to a linear connection using a C-C triple bond (CbPyY), a C-C double bond connection (CbPyE) exhibited a zigzag structure and unique fluorescence behavior. Yellow, yellowish orange, and red crystals or films of CbPyE can be obtained, while only orange ones of CbPyY were achieved under the same condition. Single crystal XRD and theoretical calculation studies revealed the zigzag structure brings asymmetry to one arm of CbPyE, which causes conformation diversity and leads to the multicolor emission. Interestingly, different emissions showed different responses to acetone vapor; the yellow one showed much higher sensitivity and faster response than the other two. It is believed that the prepared materials and the proposed strategy would contribute to future advances in single-fluorophore-based multicolor emissive materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloids Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, P. R. China
| | - Lingya Peng
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloids Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, P. R. China
| | - Simin Lin
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloids Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, P. R. China
| | - Xubin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloids Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, P. R. China
| | - Rong Miao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloids Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, P. R. China
| | - Yu Fang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloids Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Crovini E, Stavrou K, Sahay P, Nguyễn BM, Comerford T, Warriner S, Brütting W, Monkman A, Zysman-Colman E. Aryl-Substituted Acridine Donor Derivatives Modulate the Transition Dipole Moment Orientation and Exciton Harvesting Properties of Donor-Acceptor TADF Emitters. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2024; 128:14429-14441. [PMID: 39238898 PMCID: PMC11372754 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.4c03344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) compounds are highly attractive as sensitizing and emitting materials for organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). The efficiency of the OLED depends on multiple parameters, most of which rely on the properties of the emitter including those that govern the internal quantum and outcoupling efficiencies. Herein, we investigate a series of aryl substituted acridine donor derivatives of the donor-acceptor TADF emitter DMAC-TRZ, with the objective of correlating their properties, such as triplet harvesting efficiency and transition dipole moment orientation, with their corresponding device efficiency. The decoration of the DMAC donor with substituted aryl groups not only modifies the molecular weight and length of the emitter but also affects the emission color and the capacity for the emitters to efficiently harvest triplet excitons. The presence of electron-withdrawing 4-cyanophenyl and 4-trifluoromethylphenyl groups in, respectively, CNPh-DMAC-TRZ and CF3Ph-DMAC-TRZ, blue-shifts the emission spectrum but slows down the reverse intersystem crossing rate constant (k RISC), while the opposite occurs in the presence of electron-donating groups in t BuPh-DMAC-TRZ and OMePh-DMAC-TRZ (red-shifted emission spectrum and faster k RISC). In contrast to our expectations, the OLED performance of the five DMAC-TRZ derivatives does not scale with their degree of horizontal emitter orientation but follows the k RISC rates. This, in turn, demonstrates that triplet harvesting (and not horizontal emitter orientation) is the dominant effect for device efficiency using this family of emitters. Nonetheless, highly efficient OLEDs were fabricated with t BuPh-DMAC-TRZ and OMePh-DMAC-TRZ as emitters, with improved EQEmax (∼28%) compared to the reference DMAC-TRZ devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ettore Crovini
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, U.K
| | - Kleitos Stavrou
- OEM group, Department of Physics, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K
| | - Prakhar Sahay
- Experimental Physics IV, Institute of Physics, University of Augsburg, Augsburg 86159, Germany
| | - Bình Minh Nguyễn
- Experimental Physics IV, Institute of Physics, University of Augsburg, Augsburg 86159, Germany
| | - Thomas Comerford
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, U.K
| | - Stuart Warriner
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - Wolfgang Brütting
- Experimental Physics IV, Institute of Physics, University of Augsburg, Augsburg 86159, Germany
| | - Andrew Monkman
- OEM group, Department of Physics, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K
| | - Eli Zysman-Colman
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Meng X, Zhang Q, Lang X, Zhang E, Liu Y, Cao Z. Tandem Four-Component Reaction to Access Fused Polycycles Exhibiting Aggregation-Enhanced Through-Space Charge Transfer Emission. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400998. [PMID: 38780029 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Rapid construction of new fluorescence emitters is essential in advancing synthetic luminescent materials. This study illustrated a piperidine-promoted reaction of chiral dialdehyde with benzoylacetonitrile and malonitrile, leading to the formation of the 6/6/7 fused cyclic product in good yield. The proposed reaction mechanism involves a dual condensation/cyclization process, achieving the formation of up to six bonds for fused polycycles. The single crystal structure analysis revealed that the fused cyclic skeleton contains face-to-face naphthyl and cyanoalkenyl motifs, which act as the electronic donor and acceptor, respectively, potentially resulting in through-space charge transfer (TSCT) emission. While the TSCT emissions were weak in solution, a notable increase in luminescence intensity was observed upon aggregation, indicating bright fluorescent light. A series of theoretical analyses further supported the possibility of spatial electronic communication based on frontier molecular orbitals, the distance of charge transfer, and reduced density gradient analysis. This work not only provides guidance for the one-step synthesis of complex polycycles, but also offers valuable insights into the design of aggregation-enhanced TSCT emission materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Meng
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong, 273165, P. R. China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong, 273165, P. R. China
| | - Xuteng Lang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong, 273165, P. R. China
| | - Ensheng Zhang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong, 273165, P. R. China
| | - Yilin Liu
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Preparation Technology of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) Fiber Material, Institute of Organic Synthesis, Huaihua University, Huaihua, Hunan, 418000, P. R. China
| | - Ziping Cao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong, 273165, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang Q, Liu T, Guo Y, Zhang Y, Lv C, Zhang Y, Cao Z. Narrowband emission from fully-bridged triphenylamine derivatives: insights into effects of structure modification and pressure. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:15559-15568. [PMID: 38757566 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp00906a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Triphenylamine derivatives with narrowband emission have attracted growing attention in purely organic thermally-activated fluorescence (TADF) materials owing to their enhanced color purity and flexible molecular design strategy. Combined time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) and ONIOM (QM/MM) calculations indicate that the excellent planarity of the experimentally developed DQAO could result in gradually decreased intermolecular interactions in the aggregated state at ambient pressure and upon compression, which is unfavorable for suppressing structural relaxation and achieving narrowband emission in its non-doped practical application. Therefore, three structure-modified derivatives, DQAO-Cb, DQAO-Ph, and DQAO-PhCb, were theoretically designed by introducing the spherical o-carborane and dangling phenyl units positioned para to the N atom of the DQAO to provide additional geometrical distortion and steric hindrance. The explorations on the reported DQAO, OQAO, and SQAO found that small structural relaxations, suppressed low-frequency vibrations, and noticeable short-range charge-transfer (SR-CT) natures of DQAO and OQAO are responsible for their much narrower emission spectral full-width at half-maxima (FWHMs) compared to that of SQAO. Introducing the o-carborane unit directly at the para position of the N atom could result in additional scissoring and stretching vibrations of the corresponding DQAO-Cb while the presence of the phenyl unit in DQAO-Ph is beneficial for suppressing the high-frequency vibrations of the pristine DQAO. More importantly, the bridged phenyl unit incorporated in DQAO-PhCb is of particular importance to inhibit the undesired low-frequency scissoring and high-frequency stretching vibrations of the o-carborane unit, which is crucial to reduce the reorganization energy of DQAO-PhCb and achieve narrowband emission. Also, the phenyl unit in DQAO-Ph and DQAO-PhCb helps to shorten charge transfer distances and improve ISC and RISC processes. Since the o-carborane unit is an adopted building block to achieve piezochromic behaviors, the theoretically structure-modified DQAO-PhCb is expected to exhibit narrowband emission, TADF, and piezochromic features all together. Our findings will hopefully provide ideas for designing triphenylamine-based TADF emitters with narrowband emission and piezochromic behaviors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhang
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuhua Guo
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yujian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyan Lv
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yue Zhang
- School of Intelligent Manufacturing, Huzhou College, Huzhou, 313000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zexing Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 360015, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Aniés F, Hamilton I, De Castro CSP, Furlan F, Marsh AV, Xu W, Pirela V, Patel A, Pompilio M, Cacialli F, Martín J, Durrant JR, Laquai F, Gasparini N, Bradley DDC, Heeney M. A Conjugated Carboranyl Main Chain Polymer with Aggregation-Induced Emission in the Near-Infrared. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:13607-13616. [PMID: 38709316 PMCID: PMC11100012 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c03521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Materials exhibiting aggregation-induced emission (AIE) are both highly emissive in the solid state and prompt a strongly red-shifted emission and should therefore pose as good candidates toward emerging near-infrared (NIR) applications of organic semiconductors (OSCs). Despite this, very few AIE materials have been reported with significant emissivity past 700 nm. In this work, we elucidate the potential of ortho-carborane as an AIE-active component in the design of NIR-emitting OSCs. By incorporating ortho-carborane in the backbone of a conjugated polymer, a remarkable solid-state photoluminescence quantum yield of 13.4% is achieved, with a photoluminescence maximum of 734 nm. In contrast, the corresponding para and meta isomers exhibited aggregation-caused quenching. The materials are demonstrated for electronic applications through the fabrication of nondoped polymer light-emitting diodes. Devices employing the ortho isomer achieved nearly pure NIR emission, with 86% of emission at wavelengths longer than 700 nm and an electroluminescence maximum at 761 nm, producing a significant light output of 1.37 W sr-1 m-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Filip Aniés
- Department
of Chemistry, Centre for Processable Electronics, Molecular Sciences
Research Hub, Imperial College London, 80 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, U.K.
| | - Iain Hamilton
- KAUST
Solar Center, King Abdullah University of
Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Catherine S. P. De Castro
- KAUST
Solar Center, King Abdullah University of
Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Francesco Furlan
- Department
of Chemistry, Centre for Processable Electronics, Molecular Sciences
Research Hub, Imperial College London, 80 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, U.K.
| | - Adam V. Marsh
- KAUST
Solar Center, King Abdullah University of
Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Weidong Xu
- Department
of Chemistry, Centre for Processable Electronics, Molecular Sciences
Research Hub, Imperial College London, 80 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, U.K.
| | - Valentina Pirela
- POLYMAT
University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Av. de Tolosa 72, Donostia-San
Sebastián, 20018, Spain
| | - Adil Patel
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, U.K.
| | - Michele Pompilio
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, U.K.
| | - Franco Cacialli
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, U.K.
- Department
of Engineering, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Università 5, Bolzano, I-39100, Italy
| | - Jaime Martín
- Universidade
da Coruña, Campus Industrial de Ferrol, CITENI, Esteiro, Ferrol, 15471, Spain
| | - James R. Durrant
- Department
of Chemistry, Centre for Processable Electronics, Molecular Sciences
Research Hub, Imperial College London, 80 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, U.K.
| | - Frédéric Laquai
- KAUST
Solar Center, King Abdullah University of
Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nicola Gasparini
- Department
of Chemistry, Centre for Processable Electronics, Molecular Sciences
Research Hub, Imperial College London, 80 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, U.K.
| | - Donal D. C. Bradley
- KAUST
Solar Center, King Abdullah University of
Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- NEOM
Education, Research, and Innovation Foundation and University Neom, Al Khuraybah, Tabuk 49643-9136, Saudi Arabia
| | - Martin Heeney
- Department
of Chemistry, Centre for Processable Electronics, Molecular Sciences
Research Hub, Imperial College London, 80 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, U.K.
- KAUST
Solar Center, King Abdullah University of
Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wu L, Holzapfel M, Schmiedel A, Peng F, Moos M, Mentzel P, Shi J, Neubert T, Bertermann R, Finze M, Fox MA, Lambert C, Ji L. Optically induced charge-transfer in donor-acceptor-substituted p- and m- C 2B 10H 12 carboranes. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3005. [PMID: 38589381 PMCID: PMC11001991 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47384-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Icosahedral carboranes, C2B10H12, have long been considered to be aromatic but the extent of conjugation between these clusters and their substituents is still being debated. m- and p-Carboranes are compared with m- and p-phenylenes as conjugated bridges in optical functional chromophores with a donor and an acceptor as substituents here. The absorption and fluorescence data for both carboranes from experimental techniques (including femtosecond transient absorption, time-resolved fluorescence and broadband fluorescence upconversion) show that the absorption and emission processes involve strong intramolecular charge transfer between the donor and acceptor substituents via the carborane cluster. From quantum chemical calculations on these carborane systems, the charge transfer process depends on the relative torsional angles of the donor and acceptor groups where an overlap between the two frontier orbitals exists in the bridging carborane cluster.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wu
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) & Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Marco Holzapfel
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Schmiedel
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Fuwei Peng
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) & Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Michael Moos
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Paul Mentzel
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Junqing Shi
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) & Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Thomas Neubert
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Bertermann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Maik Finze
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Mark A Fox
- Department of Chemistry, University of Durham, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Christoph Lambert
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Lei Ji
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) & Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
He H, Lee J, Zong Z, Kim J, Lynch VM, Oh J, Kim D, Sessler JL, Ke XS. A Janus carbaporphyrin pseudo-dimer. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2913. [PMID: 38575609 PMCID: PMC10994945 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47239-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Carbaporphyrin dimers, investigated for their distinctive electronic structures and exceptional properties, have predominantly consisted of systems containing identical subunits. This study addresses the associated knowledge gap by focusing on asymmetric carbaporphyrin dimers with Janus-like characteristics. The synthesis of a Janus-type carbaporphyrin pseudo-dimer 5 is presented. It displays antiaromatic characteristics on the fused side and nonaromatic behavior on the unfused side. A newly synthesized tetraphenylene (TPE) linked bis-dibenzihomoporphyrin 8 and a previously reported dibenzo[g,p]chrysene (DBC) linked bis-dicarbacorrole 9 were prepared as controls. Comprehensive analyses, including 1H NMR spectral studies, single crystal X-ray diffraction analyses, and DFT calculations, validate the mixed character of 5. A further feature of the Janus pseudo-dimer 5 is that it may be transformed into a heterometallic complex, with one side coordinating a Cu(III) center and the other stabilizing a BODIPY complex. This disparate regiochemical reactivity underscores the potential of carbaporphyrin dimers as versatile frameworks, with electronic features and site-specific coordination chemistry controlled through asymmetry. These findings position carbaporphyrin dimers as promising candidates for advances in electronic structure studies, coordination chemistry, materials science, and beyond.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haodan He
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Jiyeon Lee
- School of Integrated Technology, College of Computing, Yonsei University, Incheon, 21983, Korea
| | - Zhaohui Zong
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Jiwon Kim
- School of Integrated Technology, College of Computing, Yonsei University, Incheon, 21983, Korea
- Integrated Science and Engineering Division, Underwood International College, Yonsei University, Incheon, 21983, Korea
| | - Vincent M Lynch
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712-1224, USA
| | - Juwon Oh
- Department of Chemistry, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, Korea.
| | - Dongho Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea.
| | - Jonathan L Sessler
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712-1224, USA.
| | - Xian-Sheng Ke
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ma W, Wang Y, Xue Y, Wang M, Lu C, Guo W, Liu YH, Shu D, Shao G, Xu Q, Tu D, Yan H. Molecular engineering of AIE-active boron clustoluminogens for enhanced boron neutron capture therapy. Chem Sci 2024; 15:4019-4030. [PMID: 38487248 PMCID: PMC10935674 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc06222h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of boron delivery agents bearing an imaging capability is crucial for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT), yet it has been rarely explored. Here we present a new type of boron delivery agent that integrates aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-active imaging and a carborane cluster for the first time. In doing so, the new boron delivery agents have been rationally designed by incorporating a high boron content unit of a carborane cluster, an erlotinib targeting unit towards lung cancer cells, and a donor-acceptor type AIE unit bearing naphthalimide. The new boron delivery agents demonstrate both excellent AIE properties for imaging purposes and highly selective accumulation in tumors. For example, at a boron delivery agent dose of 15 mg kg-1, the boron amount reaches over 20 μg g-1, and both tumor/blood (T/B) and tumor/normal cell (T/N) ratios reach 20-30 times higher than those required by BNCT. The neutron irradiation experiments demonstrate highly efficient tumor growth suppression without any observable physical tissue damage and abnormal behavior in vivo. This study not only expands the application scopes of both AIE-active molecules and boron clusters, but also provides a new molecular engineering strategy for a deep-penetrating cancer therapeutic protocol based on BNCT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Yanyang Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University Nanjing 210008 China
| | - Yilin Xue
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University Nanjing 210033 China
| | - Mengmeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Changsheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Wanhua Guo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanjing Tongren Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Southeast University Medical School Nanjing 210033 China
| | - Yuan-Hao Liu
- Neuboron Therapy System Ltd. Xiamen 361028 China
- Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing 210016 China
- Neuboron Medtech Ltd. Nanjing 211112 China
| | - Diyun Shu
- Neuboron Therapy System Ltd. Xiamen 361028 China
- Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing 210016 China
- Neuboron Medtech Ltd. Nanjing 211112 China
| | - Guoqiang Shao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University Nanjing 210033 China
| | - Qinfeng Xu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing 210029 China
| | - Deshuang Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Hong Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Pei S, Tang H, Liu H, Gao S, Duan Y, Gao Y, Su Z. Theoretical Study and Design for Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitters with Through-Space Charge Transfer from an Acridine Derivative Donor to an O-Bridged Triphenylboron Boroxy Acceptor. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:4557-4565. [PMID: 38395040 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
The through-space charge transfer thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TSCT-TADF) properties of a series of molecules were characterized and tested theoretically by density functional theory and time-dependent density functional theory. By analyzing the weak interaction of the molecules at the ground state and calculating the transition contribution ratio of the donor, acceptor, and bridge in the excited state, we verified the through-space charge transfer characteristic of these molecules. We designed new molecules on the basis of the reported molecules (non-TADF molecule 1 and TADF molecule 2) to improve the performance. Smaller singlet-triplet energy gaps and larger spin-orbit coupling were obtained in the designed molecules, which is beneficial to obtain higher intersystem crossing and reverse intersystem crossing rates (kRISC). In addition, we calculated the radiation rate and the singlet-triplet reorganization energy, which is used to characterize the nonradiation rate. The comprehensive evaluation of both radiative and nonradiative processes shows that molecules 4 and 6 have the potential to be highly efficient TSCT-TADF materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Pei
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center of Optical Materials and Chemistry, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Hao Tang
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center of Optical Materials and Chemistry, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Han Liu
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center of Optical Materials and Chemistry, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Shengxiang Gao
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center of Optical Materials and Chemistry, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Yingchen Duan
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center of Optical Materials and Chemistry, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Ying Gao
- Jilin Engineering Normal University, Changchun 130052, P. R. China
| | - Zhongmin Su
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center of Optical Materials and Chemistry, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lee T, Jang J, Nguyen NNT, Jung J, Lee J, Lee MH. Ortho-Carborane Decorated Multi-Resonance TADF Emitters: Preserving Local Excited State and High Efficiency in OLEDs. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2309016. [PMID: 38233207 PMCID: PMC10953543 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202309016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
A novel class of o-carboranyl luminophores, 2CB-BuDABNA (1) and 3CB-BuDABNA (2) is reported, in which o-carborane moieties are incorporated at the periphery of the B,N-doped multi-resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR-TADF) core. Both compounds maintain the inherent local emission characteristics of their MR-emitting core, exhibiting intense MR-TADF with high photoluminescence quantum yields in toluene and rigid states. In contrast, the presence of the dark lowest-energy charge transfer state, induced by cage rotation in THF, is suggested to be responsible for emission quenching in a polar solvent. Despite the different arrangement of the cage on the DABNA core, both 1 and 2 show red-shifted emissions compared to the parent compound BuDABNA (3). By utilizing 1 as the emitter, high-efficiency blue organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) are achieved with a remarkable maximum external quantum efficiency of 25%, representing the highest reported efficiency for OLEDs employing an o-carboranyl luminophore as the emitter.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taehwan Lee
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of UlsanUlsan44610Republic of Korea
| | - Jee‐Hun Jang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and 3D Convergence CenterInha UniversityIncheon22212Republic of Korea
| | | | - Jaehoon Jung
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of UlsanUlsan44610Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong‐Hwan Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and 3D Convergence CenterInha UniversityIncheon22212Republic of Korea
| | - Min Hyung Lee
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of UlsanUlsan44610Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Montserrat R, Oliveira RR, Rocha AB. Total absorption spectrum of benzene aggregates obtained from two different approaches. J Mol Model 2024; 30:66. [PMID: 38345753 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-024-05859-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/16/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT The study of molecular aggregation effects on the electronic spectrum is essential for the development of optoelectronic devices. However, investigating the entire valence absorption spectrum of aggregates using quantum mechanical methods is a challenging task. In this work, we perform systematic simulations of the absorption spectrum of benzene molecular clusters up to 35 eV applying two approaches based on time-dependent density functional theory. The results show that depending on the dimer packing, different energy shifts occur for the symmetry allowed [Formula: see text] transition, in comparison to the monomer. The transition intensity increases for the band around 6 eV for larger aggregates from the monomer to dimers and tetramer, indicating the occurrence of the symmetry forbidden (in [Formula: see text] point group) [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] transition. The benzene crystal exhibits a large redshift following the experimental spectrum. Also, the continuum regions of all spectra show a good agreement with the experiments both in gas and solid phases. METHODS Geometry optimization of the monomer was carried out with Gaussian 09 software using the PBE0/def2-TZVP level of theory. We used dimers and tetramer molecular geometries extracted from the experimental crystal structure. The absorption spectra were directly obtained by the Liouville-Lanczos TDDFT approach with plane waves basis set or indirectly by TDDFT pseudo-spectra calculated in a [Formula: see text] basis followed by analytic continuation procedure to obtain complex polarizability. The former is available at Quantum ESPRESSO, and the latter was calculated using Gaussian 09 with the post-processing performed with a code previously developed in our group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Montserrat
- Departamento de Físico-Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-909, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ricardo R Oliveira
- Departamento de Físico-Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-909, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Alexandre B Rocha
- Departamento de Físico-Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-909, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wang H, Chen JX, Shi YZ, Zhang X, Zhou L, Hao XY, Yu J, Wang K, Zhang XH. An A-D-A-Type Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitter with Intrinsic Yellow Emission Realizing Record-High Red/NIR OLEDs upon Modulating Intermolecular Aggregations. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2307725. [PMID: 37792472 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202307725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Realizing efficient red/near-infrared (NIR) electroluminescence (EL) by precisely modulating molecular aggregations of thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters is an attractive pathway, yet the molecular designs are elusive. Here, a new approach is proposed to manage molecular aggregation via a mild-twist acceptor-donor-acceptor (A-D-A)-type molecular design. A proof-of-concept TADF molecule, QCN-PhSAC-QCN, is developed that furnishes a fast radiative rate and obvious aggregation-induced emission feature. Its emission bands can be facilely shifted from intrinsic yellow to the red/NIR region via fine-tuning doping levels and molecular aggregates while maintaining elegant photoluminescence quantum yields benefiting from suppressed exciton annihilation processes. As a result, a QCN-PhSAC-QCN-based organic light-emitting diode (OLED) exhibits a record-setting external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 39.1% at a doping ratio of 10 wt.%, peaking at 620 nm. Moreover, its nondoped NIR OLED affords a champion EQE of 14.3% at 711 nm and retains outstanding EQEs of 5.40% and 2.35% at current densities of 10 and 100 mA cm-2 , respectively, which are the highest values among all NIR-TADF OLEDs at similar density levels. This work validates the feasibility of such mild-twist A-D-A-type molecular design for precisely controlling molecular aggregation while maintaining high efficiency, thus providing a promising pathway for high-performance red/NIR TADF OLEDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Xiong Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Zhong Shi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215009, P. R. China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Lu Zhou
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Yao Hao
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Jia Yu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Hong Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ye K, Li G, Li F, Shi C, Jiang Z, Zhang F, Li Q, Su J, Song D, Yuan A. B-embedded disulfide-bridged π-conjugated compounds: structures and optical tuning. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:2395-2401. [PMID: 38168797 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05304k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Two novel B-embedded disulfide-bridged π-conjugated compounds (BS-CZ and BS-N) bearing different electron donor groups (phenyl carbazole and triphenylamine) have been prepared and show different optical mechanisms. The compound BS-CZ exhibits significant multiple resonance thermal activation delayed fluorescence (MR-TADF) properties with a small singlet-triplet energy gap (ΔEST = 0.16 eV) and a narrow half-peak full width (FWHM = 33 nm), while the compound BS-N shows traditional fluorescence luminescence (FL) characteristics with a larger ΔEST (0.28 eV) and FWHM (57 nm). Time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations show that the lowest excited singlet state (S1) of the compound BS-CZ exhibits local excited (LE) state characteristics, while the charge transfer (CT) state characteristics can be found in S1 of the compound BS-N. Considering good optical performance, the compound BS-CZ is used as an emitting layer of the organic light-emitting diode device and achieved saturated blue emission (473 nm) with a narrow FWHM (39 nm), and CIE color coordinates of (0.12, 0.21). This work provides an important strategy for the optical mechanism regulation and photoelectric applications of B-embedded disulfide-bridged π-conjugated molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaishun Ye
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China.
| | - Gang Li
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China.
- CSMC Technologies Fab2 Co., Ltd, Wuxi, 214028, China
| | - Feiyang Li
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China.
| | - Chao Shi
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China.
| | - Zhen Jiang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China.
| | - Fuzheng Zhang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China.
| | - Qiuxia Li
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China.
| | - Jie Su
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China.
| | - Dandan Song
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information (Beijing Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100044, China.
- Institute of Optoelectronic Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Aihua Yuan
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Oró A, Romeo-Gella F, Perles J, Fernández-García JM, Corral I, Martín N. Tetrahedraphene: A Csp 3 -centered 3D Molecular Nanographene Showing Aggregation-Induced Emission. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202312314. [PMID: 37846849 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202312314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
The bottom-up synthesis of 3D tetrakis(hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronenyl)methane, "tetrahedraphene", is reported. This molecular nanographene constituted by four hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene (HBC) units attached to a central sp3 carbon atom, shows a highly symmetric arrangement of the HBC units disposed in the apex of a tetrahedron. The X-ray crystal structure reveals a tetrahedral symmetry of the molecule and the packing in the crystal is achieved mostly by CH⋅⋅⋅π interactions since the interstitial solvent molecules prevent the π⋅⋅⋅π interactions. In solution, tetrahedraphene shows the same electrochemical and photophysical properties as the hexa-t Bu-substituted HBC (t Bu-HBC) molecule. However, upon water addition, it undergoes a fluorescence change in solution and in the precipitated solid, showing an aggregation induced emission (AIE) process, probably derived from the restriction in the rotation and/or vibration of the HBCs. Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory (TDDFT) calculations reveal that upon aggregation, the high energy region of the emission band decreases in intensity, whereas the intensity of the red edge emission signal increases and presents a smoother decay, compared to the non-aggregated molecule. All in all, the excellent correlation between our simulations and the experimental findings allows explaining the colour change observed in the different solutions upon increasing the water fraction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arturo Oró
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avd. Complutense S/N, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Romeo-Gella
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Josefina Perles
- Laboratorio de Difracción de Rayos X de Monocristal, SIdI, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente, 7. Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús M Fernández-García
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avd. Complutense S/N, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Inés Corral
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nazario Martín
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avd. Complutense S/N, 28040, Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA-Nanociencia, C/Faraday, 9. Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhang T, Xiao Y, Wang H, Kong S, Huang R, Ka-Man Au V, Yu T, Huang W. Highly Twisted Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence (TADF) Molecules and Their Applications in Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (OLEDs). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202301896. [PMID: 37288654 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202301896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials have attracted great potential in the field of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Among thousands of TADF materials, highly twisted TADF emitters have become a hotspot in recent years. Compared with traditional TADF materials, highly twisted TADF emitters tend to show multi-channel charge-transfer characters and form rigid molecular structures. This is advantageous for TADF materials, as non-radiative decay processes can be suppressed to facilitate efficient exciton utilization. Accordingly, OLEDs with excellent device performances have also been reported. In this Review, we have summarized recent progress in highly twisted TADF materials and related devices, and give an overview of the molecular design strategies, photophysical studies, and the performances of OLED devices. In addition, the challenges and perspectives of highly twisted TADF molecules and the related OLEDs are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, 710072, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuxin Xiao
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, 710072, Xi'an, China
| | - Hailan Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, 710072, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuting Kong
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, 710072, Xi'an, China
| | - Rongjuan Huang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, 710072, Xi'an, China
| | - Vonika Ka-Man Au
- Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, 10 Lo Ping Road, Tai Po, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tao Yu
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, 710072, Xi'an, China
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, 218 Qingyi Road, 315103, Ningbo, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, 710072, Xi'an, China
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics & Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, 211816, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays &, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, 210023, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wang H, Chen JX, Zhou L, Zhang X, Yu J, Wang K, Zhang XH. A dual-locked triarylamine donor enables high-performance deep-red/NIR thermally activated delayed fluorescence organic light-emitting diodes. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2023; 10:2997-3004. [PMID: 37194342 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh00445g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Deep-red/near-infrared (DR/NIR) organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) have attracted a great deal of attention due to their widespread application fields, such as night-vision devices, optical communication, and information-secured displays. However, most DR/NIR OLEDs show low electroluminescence efficiencies, hampering their applications. Herein, we constructed a high-performance DR/NIR thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitter based on an advanced dual-locked triarylamine donor (D) unit. Promisingly, such a novel D segment brings numerous advantages: a larger stereoscopic architecture, an enhanced electron-donating ability, and a stiffer molecular structure. In view of these features, the newly developed emitter DCN-DSP shows redshifted emission, a narrowed ΔEST, an enhanced PLQY value and aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties, which allows for effectively alleviating concentration quenching compared to the control compound using a conventional triarylamine derivative as D units. The DCN-DSP-based OLEDs with modulated doping concentrations exhibit champion EQEs of 36.2% at 660 nm, 26.1% at 676 nm and 21.3% at 716 nm, which are record-high efficiencies among all TADF OLEDs in the similar emission ranges. This work realizes the efficiency breakthrough of DR/NIR TADF OLEDs, and such a promising molecular design approach may inspire even better DR/NIR TADF emitters in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Jia-Xiong Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Lu Zhou
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Xi Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Jia Yu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Kai Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Hong Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Belousov GK, Vaitusionak AA, Vasilenko IV, Ghasemi M, Andruleviciene V, Ivanchanka A, Volyniuk D, Kim H, Grazulevicius JV, Kostjuk SV. Through-Space Charge-Transfer Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Alternating Donor–Acceptor Copolymers for Nondoped Solution-Processable OLEDs. Macromolecules 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c02582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
|
18
|
Lv C, Shen Y, Cao F, Zhang Q, Wang K, Zhang Y. Near-Infrared Piezochromism from an o-Carborane Dyad: Boron Clusters Facilitating a Wide-Range Redshift and High Sensitivity. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202300049. [PMID: 36732309 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202300049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Piezochromic materials, which exhibit a fluorescence response with large emission spectral shifts and high sensitivity, may be useful in important applications, but there have been few reports of such organic luminophores. Herein, we report a new high-sensitivity piezochromic material based on the incorporation of an o-carborane unit, which exhibits aggregation-induced emission properties. In a high-pressure experiment, compared to carborane-free MTY, which exhibits an emission spectral shift of 75 nm and a sensitivity of 19.1 nm ⋅ GPa-1 , the o-carborane dyad MTCb shows a larger emission wavelength difference of 131 nm and a higher sensitivity of 32.8 nm ⋅ GPa-1 , demonstrating a performance that ranks among the best of organic piezochromic materials reported thus far. MTCb molecules adopt a J-aggregated pattern and have relatively loose molecular packing in the crystalline state. Interestingly, nonconjugated spherical carborane can disrupt the π-π interactions between adjacent molecules during compression, which results in excellent piezochromic performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Lv
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Huzhou University, East 2nd Ring Rd. No. 759, Huzhou, 313000, P. R. China
| | - Yunxia Shen
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of, Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, Yingbin Road No. 688, Jinhua, 321004, P. R. China
| | - Feng Cao
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Huzhou University, East 2nd Ring Rd. No. 759, Huzhou, 313000, P. R. China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Huzhou University, East 2nd Ring Rd. No. 759, Huzhou, 313000, P. R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yujian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of, Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, Yingbin Road No. 688, Jinhua, 321004, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Fumoto T, Tanaka R, Ooyama Y. Aggregation-induced emission of a bis(imino)acenaphthene zinc complex with tetraphenylethene units. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:5047-5055. [PMID: 36807366 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt03525a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Using bis(imino)acenaphthene (BIAN) zinc(II) and palladium(II) complexes with tetraphenylethene (TPE) units as bulky aryl groups, Zn-2 and Pd-2 have been designed and developed, and their photophysical properties in solution and in the solid state have been investigated. Both in solution and in the solid state Zn-2 and Pd-2 show two photoabsorption bands in the ranges of 300 nm to 350 nm and 450 nm to 600 nm, which are assigned to the π-π* transition originating from both the TPE units and naphthalene units and the intraligand charge transfer (ILCT) between the TPE units and the BIAN unit, respectively. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations demonstrated that for Zn-2 the highest occupied molecular orbitals (HOMO) are localized on the TPE units, while the lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (LUMO) are localized on the BIAN unit, leading to the appearance of a photoabsorption band on the ILCT. The emission from Zn-2 was quenched in solution, but appeared as phosphorescence at around 600 nm by photoexcitation at the ILCT band in the solid state as well as in the aggregated state, which was formed by the addition of n-hexane as a poor solvent to the dichloromethane (DCM) solution. The aggregate formation of Zn-2 in the DCM/n-hexane (10 wt%/90 wt%) solution was confirmed by the Tyndall scattering and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) measurements, demonstrating the aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics of Zn-2. On the other hand, Pd-2 was non-emissive in the solid state and in the aggregated state as well as in solution. Moreover, the DCM-inclusion complexes of Zn-2 and Pd-2 were obtained and their photophysical properties were investigated. It was found that the photoluminescence quantum yield (ΦPL-solid) values of Zn-2 and Zn-2-DCM in the solid state are less than 1%. Single-crystal X-ray structural analysis of Zn-2-DCM revealed the absence of intermolecular π-π interactions. Consequently, it was suggested that the low ΦPL-solid value of Zn-2 is mainly due to the radiationless relaxation of the excitons by dynamic rotation of the phenyl groups of the TPE units, even in the solid state and in the aggregation state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takuma Fumoto
- Applied Chemistry Program, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan.
| | - Ryo Tanaka
- Applied Chemistry Program, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan.
| | - Yousuke Ooyama
- Applied Chemistry Program, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Ochi J, Tanaka K, Chujo Y. Investigation of the Substitution Site Effect on o-Carborane-Based Chromophores by Anthracene Introduction at the B(3) Position. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2023. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20220310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Junki Ochi
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Kazuo Tanaka
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Chujo
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Jana A, Jash M, Dar WA, Roy J, Chakraborty P, Paramasivam G, Lebedkin S, Kirakci K, Manna S, Antharjanam S, Machacek J, Kucerakova M, Ghosh S, Lang K, Kappes MM, Base T, Pradeep T. Carborane-thiol protected copper nanoclusters: stimuli-responsive materials with tunable phosphorescence. Chem Sci 2023; 14:1613-1626. [PMID: 36794193 PMCID: PMC9906781 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc06578a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Atomically precise nanomaterials with tunable solid-state luminescence attract global interest. In this work, we present a new class of thermally stable isostructural tetranuclear copper nanoclusters (NCs), shortly Cu4@oCBT, Cu4@mCBT and Cu4@ICBT, protected by nearly isomeric carborane thiols: ortho-carborane-9-thiol, meta-carborane-9-thiol and ortho-carborane 12-iodo 9-thiol, respectively. They have a square planar Cu4 core and a butterfly-shaped Cu4S4 staple, which is appended with four respective carboranes. For Cu4@ICBT, strain generated by the bulky iodine substituents on the carboranes makes the Cu4S4 staple flatter in comparison to other clusters. High-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR ESI-MS) and collision energy-dependent fragmentation, along with other spectroscopic and microscopic studies, confirm their molecular structure. Although none of these clusters show any visible luminescence in solution, bright μs-long phosphorescence is observed in their crystalline forms. The Cu4@oCBT and Cu4@mCBT NCs are green emitting with quantum yields (Φ) of 81 and 59%, respectively, whereas Cu4@ICBT is orange emitting with a Φ of 18%. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal the nature of their respective electronic transitions. The green luminescence of Cu4@oCBT and Cu4@mCBT clusters gets shifted to yellow after mechanical grinding, but it is regenerated after exposure to solvent vapour, whereas the orange emission of Cu4@ICBT is not affected by mechanical grinding. Structurally flattened Cu4@ICBT didn't show mechanoresponsive luminescence in contrast to other clusters, having bent Cu4S4 structures. Cu4@oCBT and Cu4@mCBT are thermally stable up to 400 °C. Cu4@oCBT retained green emission even upon heating to 200 °C under ambient conditions, while Cu4@mCBT changed from green to yellow in the same window. This is the first report on structurally flexible carborane thiol appended Cu4 NCs having stimuli-responsive tunable solid-state phosphorescence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arijit Jana
- DST Unit of Nanoscience (DST UNS) and Thematic Unit of Excellence (TUE), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai - 600036 India
| | - Madhuri Jash
- DST Unit of Nanoscience (DST UNS) and Thematic Unit of Excellence (TUE), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai - 600036 India
| | - Wakeel Ahmed Dar
- DST Unit of Nanoscience (DST UNS) and Thematic Unit of Excellence (TUE), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai - 600036 India
| | - Jayoti Roy
- DST Unit of Nanoscience (DST UNS) and Thematic Unit of Excellence (TUE), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai - 600036 India
| | - Papri Chakraborty
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Eggenstein Leopoldshafen 76344 Germany
| | - Ganesan Paramasivam
- DST Unit of Nanoscience (DST UNS) and Thematic Unit of Excellence (TUE), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai - 600036 India
| | - Sergei Lebedkin
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Eggenstein Leopoldshafen 76344 Germany
| | - Kaplan Kirakci
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, The Czech Academy of Science 25068 Rez Czech Republic
| | - Sujan Manna
- DST Unit of Nanoscience (DST UNS) and Thematic Unit of Excellence (TUE), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai - 600036 India
| | - Sudhadevi Antharjanam
- DST Unit of Nanoscience (DST UNS) and Thematic Unit of Excellence (TUE), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai - 600036 India
| | - Jan Machacek
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, The Czech Academy of Science 25068 Rez Czech Republic
| | - Monika Kucerakova
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Na Slovance4 1999/2, 182 21, Prague 8 Czech Republic
| | - Sundargopal Ghosh
- DST Unit of Nanoscience (DST UNS) and Thematic Unit of Excellence (TUE), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai - 600036 India
| | - Kamil Lang
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, The Czech Academy of Science 25068 Rez Czech Republic
| | - Manfred M Kappes
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Eggenstein Leopoldshafen 76344 Germany
| | - Tomas Base
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, The Czech Academy of Science 25068 Rez Czech Republic
| | - Thalappil Pradeep
- DST Unit of Nanoscience (DST UNS) and Thematic Unit of Excellence (TUE), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai - 600036 India
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Wang L, Zhou C, Dai Y, Hou Y, Yan J, Li Y, Yuan Y. Synthesis and Characterization of New
o
‐Carboranes‐Based Aggregation‐Induced Emission Molecules with Ultra‐Large Stokes Shift. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202204063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University) Department of Chemistry Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350108 China
| | - Cheng‐Sheng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University) Department of Chemistry Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350108 China
| | - Yu‐Han Dai
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University) Department of Chemistry Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350108 China
| | - Yu‐Liang Hou
- China State Construction Port Engineering Group Corp., Ltd Department Qingdao 266000 China
| | - Jian‐Feng Yan
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University) Department of Chemistry Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350108 China
| | - Yuan‐Ming Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University) Department of Chemistry Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350108 China
| | - Yao‐Feng Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University) Department of Chemistry Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350108 China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Dávila Cerón V, Illicachi LA, Insuasty B. Triazine: An Important Building Block of Organic Materials for Solar Cell Application. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 28:molecules28010257. [PMID: 36615449 PMCID: PMC9822301 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Since the beginning of the 21st century, triazine-based molecules have been employed to construct different organic materials due to their unique optoelectronic properties. Among their applications, photovoltaics stands out because of the current need to develop efficient, economic, and green alternatives to energy generation based mainly on fossil fuels. Here, we review all the development of triazine-based organic materials for solar cell applications, including organic solar cells, dye-sensitized solar cells, and perovskite solar cells. Firstly, we attempt to illustrate the main synthetic routes to prepare triazine derivatives. Then, we introduce the main aspects associated with solar cells and their performance. Afterward, we discuss different works focused on the preparation, characterization, and evaluation of triazine derivatives in solar cells, distinguishing the type of photovoltaics and the role of the triazine-based material in their performance (e.g., as a donor, acceptor, hole-transporting material, electron-transporting material, among others). Throughout this review, the progress, drawbacks, and main issues of the performance of the mentioned solar cells are exposed and discussed. Finally, some conclusions and perspectives about this research topic are mentioned.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Dávila Cerón
- Heterocyclic Compounds Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Universidad del Valle, A.A., Cali 25360, Colombia
| | - Luis Alberto Illicachi
- Research Group of Chemical and Biotechnology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Universidad Santiago de Cali, Cali 760035, Colombia
- Correspondence:
| | - Braulio Insuasty
- Heterocyclic Compounds Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Universidad del Valle, A.A., Cali 25360, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zhang N, Qu L, Hu H, Huo R, Meng Y, Duan C, Zhang J, Han C, Xie G, Xu H. Sky Blue and Yellow Cluster Light-Emitting Diodes Based on Asymmetric Cu 4I 4 Nanocubes. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2022; 2022:0005. [PMID: 39285947 PMCID: PMC11404315 DOI: 10.34133/research.0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
Controllably optimizing excited-state characteristics is crucial for luminescent nanoclusters but remains a formidable challenge. Herein, we report an effective "ligand-induced asymmetrization" strategy for constructing thermally activated delayed fluorescence-featured cubic Cu4I4 nanoclusters with asymmetric configurations, named [tBCzDBFDP]2Cu4I4 and [PTZDBFDP]2Cu4I4. Through changing 3,6-di-tert-butyl-carbazole (tBCz) to phenothiazine (PTZ) with a stronger electron-donating effect, emission color is tuned from greenish blue of [tBCzDBFDP]2Cu4I4 to yellow of [PTZDBFDP]2Cu4I4, as well as the triplet locally excited state of the former to the triplet charge transfer state of the latter. Temperature-correlated spectroscopic investigation indicates that in terms of triplet quenching suppression, [tBCzDBFDP]2Cu4I4 is superior to [PTZDBFDP]2Cu4I4, in accord with the stabilities of their triplet locally excited state and triplet charge transfer state. As a consequence, these asymmetric Cu4I4 nanocubes endowed their cluster light-emitting diodes with the external quantum efficiencies beyond 12% for sky blue and 8% for yellow. These results suggest the significance and effectiveness of ligand engineering for optoelectronic nanoclusters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education) and School of Chemistry and Material Science, Heilongjiang University, 74 Xuefu Road, Harbin 150080, P. R. China
| | - Lei Qu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education) and School of Chemistry and Material Science, Heilongjiang University, 74 Xuefu Road, Harbin 150080, P. R. China
| | - Huan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education) and School of Chemistry and Material Science, Heilongjiang University, 74 Xuefu Road, Harbin 150080, P. R. China
| | - Ran Huo
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education) and School of Chemistry and Material Science, Heilongjiang University, 74 Xuefu Road, Harbin 150080, P. R. China
| | - Yushan Meng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education) and School of Chemistry and Material Science, Heilongjiang University, 74 Xuefu Road, Harbin 150080, P. R. China
| | - Chunbo Duan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education) and School of Chemistry and Material Science, Heilongjiang University, 74 Xuefu Road, Harbin 150080, P. R. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education) and School of Chemistry and Material Science, Heilongjiang University, 74 Xuefu Road, Harbin 150080, P. R. China
| | - Chunmiao Han
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education) and School of Chemistry and Material Science, Heilongjiang University, 74 Xuefu Road, Harbin 150080, P. R. China
| | - Guohua Xie
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Hui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education) and School of Chemistry and Material Science, Heilongjiang University, 74 Xuefu Road, Harbin 150080, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Ye F, Zhang S, Warby J, Wu J, Gutierrez-Partida E, Lang F, Shah S, Saglamkaya E, Sun B, Zu F, Shoaee S, Wang H, Stiller B, Neher D, Zhu WH, Stolterfoht M, Wu Y. Overcoming C 60-induced interfacial recombination in inverted perovskite solar cells by electron-transporting carborane. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7454. [PMID: 36460635 PMCID: PMC9718752 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34203-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Inverted perovskite solar cells still suffer from significant non-radiative recombination losses at the perovskite surface and across the perovskite/C60 interface, limiting the future development of perovskite-based single- and multi-junction photovoltaics. Therefore, more effective inter- or transport layers are urgently required. To tackle these recombination losses, we introduce ortho-carborane as an interlayer material that has a spherical molecular structure and a three-dimensional aromaticity. Based on a variety of experimental techniques, we show that ortho-carborane decorated with phenylamino groups effectively passivates the perovskite surface and essentially eliminates the non-radiative recombination loss across the perovskite/C60 interface with high thermal stability. We further demonstrate the potential of carborane as an electron transport material, facilitating electron extraction while blocking holes from the interface. The resulting inverted perovskite solar cells deliver a power conversion efficiency of over 23% with a low non-radiative voltage loss of 110 mV, and retain >97% of the initial efficiency after 400 h of maximum power point tracking. Overall, the designed carborane based interlayer simultaneously enables passivation, electron-transport and hole-blocking and paves the way toward more efficient and stable perovskite solar cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fangyuan Ye
- grid.28056.390000 0001 2163 4895Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, 200237 China ,grid.11348.3f0000 0001 0942 1117Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Shuo Zhang
- grid.28056.390000 0001 2163 4895Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, 200237 China
| | - Jonathan Warby
- grid.11348.3f0000 0001 0942 1117Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Jiawei Wu
- grid.28056.390000 0001 2163 4895Centre for Computational Chemistry and Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, 200237 China
| | - Emilio Gutierrez-Partida
- grid.11348.3f0000 0001 0942 1117Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Felix Lang
- grid.11348.3f0000 0001 0942 1117Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Sahil Shah
- grid.11348.3f0000 0001 0942 1117Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Elifnaz Saglamkaya
- grid.11348.3f0000 0001 0942 1117Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Bowen Sun
- grid.11348.3f0000 0001 0942 1117Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Fengshuo Zu
- grid.7468.d0000 0001 2248 7639Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Institut fur Physik & IRIS Adlershof, Brook-Taylor Straße 6, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Safa Shoaee
- grid.11348.3f0000 0001 0942 1117Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Haifeng Wang
- grid.28056.390000 0001 2163 4895Centre for Computational Chemistry and Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, 200237 China
| | - Burkhard Stiller
- grid.11348.3f0000 0001 0942 1117Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Dieter Neher
- grid.11348.3f0000 0001 0942 1117Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Wei-Hong Zhu
- grid.28056.390000 0001 2163 4895Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, 200237 China
| | - Martin Stolterfoht
- grid.11348.3f0000 0001 0942 1117Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Yongzhen Wu
- grid.28056.390000 0001 2163 4895Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, 200237 China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Ryu T, Miyata K, Saigo M, Shimoda Y, Tsuchiya Y, Nakanotani H, Adachi C, Onda K. Solvent-dependent dual emission processes in charge-transfer excited states of phenothiazine-triphenyltriazine conformers. Chem Phys Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2022.140155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
27
|
Wu TL, Lei J, Hsieh CM, Chen YK, Huang PY, Lai PT, Chou TY, Lin WC, Chen W, Yu CH, Hsu LY, Lin HW, Cheng CH. Substituent engineering of the diboron molecular architecture for a nondoped and ultrathin emitting layer. Chem Sci 2022; 13:12996-13005. [PMID: 36425506 PMCID: PMC9667920 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc04725j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Owing to the high technology maturity of thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitter design with a specific molecular shape, extremely high-performance organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) have recently been achieved via various doping techniques. Recently, undoped OLEDs have drawn immense attention because of their manufacturing cost reduction and procedure simplification. However, capable materials as host emitters are rare and precious because general fluorophores in high-concentration states suffer from serious aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) and undergo exciton quenching. In this work, a series of diboron materials, CzDBA, iCzDBA, and tBuCzDBA, is introduced to realize the effect of steric hindrance and the molecular aspect ratio via experimental and theoretical studies. We computed transition electric dipole moment (TEDM) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations as a proof-of-concept model to investigate the molecular stacking in neat films. It is worth noting that the pure tBuCzDBA film with a high horizontal ratio of 92% is employed to achieve a nondoped OLED with an excellent external quantum efficiency of 26.9%. In addition, we demonstrated the first ultrathin emitting layer (1 nm) TADF device, which exhibited outstanding power efficiency. This molecular design and high-performance devices show the potential of power-saving and economical fabrication for advanced OLEDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tien-Lin Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 300044 Taiwan
| | - Jian Lei
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 300044 Taiwan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica Taipei 10617 Taiwan
| | - Chia-Min Hsieh
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 300044 Taiwan
| | - Yi-Kuan Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 300044 Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yun Huang
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 300044 Taiwan
| | - Po-Ting Lai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 300044 Taiwan
| | - Tsu-Yu Chou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 300044 Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chen Lin
- Department of Engineering Science, National Cheng Kung University Tainan 701 Taiwan
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Engineering Science, National Cheng Kung University Tainan 701 Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hua Yu
- Department of Engineering Science, National Cheng Kung University Tainan 701 Taiwan
| | - Liang-Yan Hsu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica Taipei 10617 Taiwan
| | - Hao-Wu Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 300044 Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hong Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 300044 Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung 80424 Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Xie F, Li H, Zhang K, Shen Y, Zhao X, Li Y, Tang J. A Dislocated Twin‐Locking Acceptor‐Donor‐Acceptor Configuration for Efficient Delayed Fluorescence with Multiple Through‐Space Charge Transfer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202213823. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202213823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng‐Ming Xie
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 P. R. China
| | - Hao‐Ze Li
- School of Physics and Electronic Science Ministry of Education Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument Engineering Research Center East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 P. R. China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Macau Institute of Materials Science and Engineering (MIMSE) Faculty of Innovation Engineering Macau University of Science and Technology Taipa Macau SAR 999078 P. R. China
| | - Yang Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 P. R. China
| | - Xin Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou Jiangsu 215009 P. R. China
| | - Yan‐Qing Li
- School of Physics and Electronic Science Ministry of Education Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument Engineering Research Center East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 P. R. China
| | - Jian‐Xin Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 P. R. China
- Macau Institute of Materials Science and Engineering (MIMSE) Faculty of Innovation Engineering Macau University of Science and Technology Taipa Macau SAR 999078 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Garci A, Abid S, David AHG, Codesal MD, Đorđević L, Young RM, Sai H, Le Bras L, Perrier A, Ovalle M, Brown PJ, Stern CL, Campaña AG, Stupp SI, Wasielewski MR, Blanco V, Stoddart JF. Aggregation-Induced Emission and Circularly Polarized Luminescence Duality in Tetracationic Binaphthyl-Based Cyclophanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202208679. [PMID: 35904930 PMCID: PMC9804443 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202208679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Here, we report an approach to the synthesis of highly charged enantiopure cyclophanes by the insertion of axially chiral enantiomeric binaphthyl fluorophores into the constitutions of pyridinium-based macrocycles. Remarkably, these fluorescent tetracationic cyclophanes exhibit a significant AIE compared to their neutral optically active binaphthyl precursors. A combination of theoretical calculations and time-resolved spectroscopy reveal that the AIE originates from limited torsional vibrations associated with the axes of chirality present in the chiral enantiomeric binaphthyl units and the fine-tuning of their electronic landscape when incorporated within the cyclophane structure. Furthermore, these highly charged enantiopure cyclophanes display CPL responses both in solution and in the aggregated state. This unique duality of AIE and CPL in these tetracationic cyclophanes is destined to be of major importance in future development of photonic devices and bio-applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amine Garci
- Department of ChemistryNorthwestern University2145 Sheridan RoadEvanstonIL 60208USA
| | - Seifallah Abid
- Department of ChemistryNorthwestern University2145 Sheridan RoadEvanstonIL 60208USA
| | - Arthur H. G. David
- Department of ChemistryNorthwestern University2145 Sheridan RoadEvanstonIL 60208USA
| | - Marcos D. Codesal
- Departamento de Química OrgánicaFacultad de CienciasUnidad de Excelencia de Química Aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente (UEQ)Universidad de Granada (UGR)Avda. Fuente Nueva S/N18071GranadaSpain
| | - Luka Đorđević
- Department of ChemistryNorthwestern University2145 Sheridan RoadEvanstonIL 60208USA
- Center for Bio-inspired Energy ScienceNorthwestern University2145 Sheridan RoadEvanstonIL 60208USA
| | - Ryan M. Young
- Department of ChemistryNorthwestern University2145 Sheridan RoadEvanstonIL 60208USA
- Institute for Sustainability and Energy at NorthwesternNorthwestern University2145 Sheridan RoadEvanstonIL 60208USA
| | - Hiroaki Sai
- Department of ChemistryNorthwestern University2145 Sheridan RoadEvanstonIL 60208USA
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnologyNorthwestern University303 E. Superior StreetChicagoIL 60611USA
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern University2220 Campus DriveEvanstonIL 60208USA
| | - Laura Le Bras
- Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249)Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté16 route de Gray25030BesançonFrance
| | - Aurélie Perrier
- Chimie Paris TechPSL Research UniversityCNRSInstitute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences (i-CLeHS)UMR 806075005ParisFrance
- Université Paris Cité75006ParisFrance
| | - Marco Ovalle
- Department of ChemistryNorthwestern University2145 Sheridan RoadEvanstonIL 60208USA
| | - Paige J. Brown
- Department of ChemistryNorthwestern University2145 Sheridan RoadEvanstonIL 60208USA
- Institute for Sustainability and Energy at NorthwesternNorthwestern University2145 Sheridan RoadEvanstonIL 60208USA
| | - Charlotte L. Stern
- Department of ChemistryNorthwestern University2145 Sheridan RoadEvanstonIL 60208USA
| | - Araceli G. Campaña
- Departamento de Química OrgánicaFacultad de CienciasUnidad de Excelencia de Química Aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente (UEQ)Universidad de Granada (UGR)Avda. Fuente Nueva S/N18071GranadaSpain
| | - Samuel I. Stupp
- Department of ChemistryNorthwestern University2145 Sheridan RoadEvanstonIL 60208USA
- Center for Bio-inspired Energy ScienceNorthwestern University2145 Sheridan RoadEvanstonIL 60208USA
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnologyNorthwestern University303 E. Superior StreetChicagoIL 60611USA
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern University2220 Campus DriveEvanstonIL 60208USA
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringNorthwestern University2145 Sheridan RoadEvanstonIL 60208USA
- Department of MedicineNorthwestern University676N St. Clair StreetChicagoIL 60611USA
| | - Michael R. Wasielewski
- Department of ChemistryNorthwestern University2145 Sheridan RoadEvanstonIL 60208USA
- Institute for Sustainability and Energy at NorthwesternNorthwestern University2145 Sheridan RoadEvanstonIL 60208USA
| | - Victor Blanco
- Departamento de Química OrgánicaFacultad de CienciasUnidad de Excelencia de Química Aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente (UEQ)Universidad de Granada (UGR)Avda. Fuente Nueva S/N18071GranadaSpain
| | - J. Fraser Stoddart
- Department of ChemistryNorthwestern University2145 Sheridan RoadEvanstonIL 60208USA
- School of ChemistryUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNSW 2052Australia
- Stoddart Institute of Molecular ScienceDepartment of ChemistryZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation CenterHangzhou311215China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Zhao Z, Zeng C, Peng X, Liu Y, Zhao H, Hua L, Su S, Yan S, Ren Z. Tuning Intramolecular Stacking of Rigid Heteroaromatic Compounds for High‐Efficiency Deep‐Blue Through‐Space Charge‐Transfer Emission. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202210864. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202210864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhennan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 P. R. China
| | - Cheng Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics Ministry of Education Qingdao University of Science & Technology Qingdao 266042 P. R. China
| | - Xiaomei Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
| | - Yuchao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics Ministry of Education Qingdao University of Science & Technology Qingdao 266042 P. R. China
| | - Haisong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 P. R. China
| | - Lei Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 P. R. China
| | - Shi‐Jian Su
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
| | - Shouke Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics Ministry of Education Qingdao University of Science & Technology Qingdao 266042 P. R. China
| | - Zhongjie Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Cappello D, Buguis FL, Gilroy JB. Tuning the Properties of Donor-Acceptor and Acceptor-Donor-Acceptor Boron Difluoride Hydrazones via Extended π-Conjugation. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:32727-32739. [PMID: 36120012 PMCID: PMC9476501 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c04401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Molecular materials with π-conjugated donor-acceptor (D-A) and acceptor-donor-acceptor (A-D-A) electronic structures have received significant attention due to their usage in organic photovoltaic materials, in organic light-emitting diodes, and as biological imaging agents. Boron-containing molecular materials have been explored as electron-accepting units in compounds with D-A and A-D-A properties as they often exhibit unique and tunable optoelectronic and redox properties. Here, we utilize Stille cross-coupling chemistry to prepare a series of compounds with boron difluoride hydrazones (BODIHYs) as acceptors and benzene, thiophene, or 9,9-dihexylfluorene as donors. BODIHYs with D-A and A-D-A properties exhibited multiple reversible redox waves, solid-state emission with photoluminescence quantum yields up to 10%, and aggregation-induced emission (AIE). Optical band gaps (or highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO)-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) gaps) determined for these compounds (2.02-2.25 eV) agree well with those determined from cyclic voltammetry experiments (2.05-2.42 eV). The optoelectronic properties described herein are rationalized with density functional theory calculations that support the interpretation of the experimental findings. This work provides a foundation of understanding that will allow for the consideration of D-A and A-D-A BODIHYs to be incorporated into applications (e.g., organic electronics) where fine-tuning of band gaps is required.
Collapse
|
32
|
Chen M, Xu J, Zhao D, Sun F, Tian S, Tu D, Lu C, Yan H. Site-Selective Functionalization of Carboranes at the Electron-Rich Boron Vertex: Photocatalytic B-C Coupling via a Carboranyl Cage Radical. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202205672. [PMID: 35670361 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202205672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Functionalization of carboranes in a vertex-specific manner is a perennial challenge. Here, we report a photocatalytic B-C coupling for the selective functionalization of carboranes at the boron site which is most distal to carbon. This reaction was achieved by the photo-induced decarboxylation of carborane carboxylic acids to generate boron vertex-centered carboranyl radicals. Theoretical calculations also demonstrate that the reaction more easily occurs at the boron site bearing higher electron density owing to the lower energy barrier for a single-electron transfer to generate a carboranyl radical. By using this strategy, a number of functionalized carboranes could be accessed through alkylation, alkenylation, and heteroarylation under mild conditions. Moreover, both a highly efficient blue emitter with a solid-state luminous efficiency of 42 % and a drug candidate for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) containing targeting and fluorine units were obtained.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jingkai Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Deshi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Fangxiang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Songlin Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Deshuang Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Changsheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Hong Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Chen Z, Liu J, Liu J, Bao P, He H, Xia H, Zhang W. Unraveling origin of chemoselectivity and regioselectivity of iridium‐catalyzed B(4)–H functionalization of
o
‐carborane by alkyne. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.4430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zitong Chen
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Jiying Liu
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Jiabin Liu
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Panpan Bao
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Hailing He
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Hui Xia
- Zhengzhou Institute of Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources CAGS Zhengzhou China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Wang Z, Gou X, Shi Q, Liu K, Chang X, Wang G, Xu W, Lin S, Liu T, Fang Y. Through‐Space Charge Transfer: A New Way to Develop a High‐Performance Fluorescence Sensing Film towards Opto‐Electronically Inert Alkanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202207619. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202207619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaolong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 P. R. China
| | - Xinyu Gou
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 P. R. China
| | - Qiyuan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 P. R. China
| | - Ke Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 P. R. China
| | - Xingmao Chang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 P. R. China
| | - Gang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 P. R. China
| | - Wenjun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 P. R. China
| | - Simin Lin
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 P. R. China
| | - Taihong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 P. R. China
| | - Yu Fang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Zhao M, Li M, Li W, Du S, Chen Z, Luo M, Qiu Y, Lu X, Yang S, Wang Z, Zhang J, Su S, Ge Z. Highly Efficient Near‐Infrared Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescent Emitters in Non‐Doped Electroluminescent Devices. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202210687. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202210687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengyu Zhao
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo 315201 P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 315201 Ningbo P. R. China
- Nano Science and Technology Institute University of Science and Technology of China Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Mengke Li
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices South China University of Technology Wushan Road 381, Tianhe District Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong Province P. R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo 315201 P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 315201 Ningbo P. R. China
| | - Songyu Du
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo 315201 P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 315201 Ningbo P. R. China
| | - Zhenyu Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo 315201 P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 315201 Ningbo P. R. China
| | - Ming Luo
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo 315201 P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 315201 Ningbo P. R. China
| | - Yi Qiu
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo 315201 P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 315201 Ningbo P. R. China
| | - Xumin Lu
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo 315201 P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 315201 Ningbo P. R. China
| | - Shengyi Yang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China
| | - Zhichuan Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo 315201 P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 315201 Ningbo P. R. China
| | - Jiashen Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo 315201 P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 315201 Ningbo P. R. China
| | - Shi‐Jian Su
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices South China University of Technology Wushan Road 381, Tianhe District Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong Province P. R. China
| | - Ziyi Ge
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo 315201 P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 315201 Ningbo P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Sun F, Tan S, Cao H, Xu J, Bregadze VI, Tu D, Lu C, Yan H. Palladium‐Catalyzed Hydroboration of Alkynes with Carboranes: Facile Construction of a Library of Boron Cluster‐Based AIE‐Active Luminogens. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202207125. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202207125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fangxiang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Shuaimin Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Hou‐Ji Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Jingkai Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Vladimir I. Bregadze
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds (INEOS) Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow 119991 Russia
| | - Deshuang Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Changsheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Hong Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Zhao Z, Zeng C, Peng X, Liu Y, Zhao H, Hua L, Su SJ, Yan S, Ren Z. Tuning Intramolecular Stacking of Rigid Heteroaromatic Compounds for High‐Efficiency Deep‐blue Through‐Space Charge‐Transfer Emission. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202210864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhennan Zhao
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering CHINA
| | - Cheng Zeng
- Qingdao University of Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education CHINA
| | - Xiaomei Peng
- South China University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices CHINA
| | - Yuchao Liu
- Qingdao University of Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education CHINA
| | - Haisong Zhao
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering CHINA
| | - Lei Hua
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering CHINA
| | - Shi-Jian Su
- South China University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices CHINA
| | - Shouke Yan
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering CHINA
| | - Zhongjie Ren
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology College of Materials Science and Engineering No.15 North 3th Ring East Road 100029 Beijing CHINA
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Highly Efficient Near‐Infrared Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescent Emitters in Non‐Doped Electroluminescent Devices. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202210687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
39
|
Garci A, Abid S, David AHG, Codesal MD, Đorđević L, Young RM, sai H, le_bras L, pineau AP, ovalle M, brown P, Stern CL, Campaña AG, Stupp SI, Wasielewski MR, blancos V, Stoddart F. Aggregation Induced Emission and Circularly Polarized Luminescence Duality in Tetracationic Binaphthyl‐Based Cyclophanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202208679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amine Garci
- Northwestern University Department of Chemistry Department of Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Seifallah Abid
- Northwestern University Department of Chemistry Department of Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Arthur H. G. David
- Northwestern University Department of Chemistry Department of Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Marcos D Codesal
- Universidad de Granada Departamento de Química Orgánica Avda. Fuente Nueva S/N 18071 Granada SPAIN
| | - Luka Đorđević
- Northwestern University Department of Chemistry Department of Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Ryan M Young
- Northwestern University Department of Chemistry Department of Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - hiroaki sai
- Northwestern University Department of Chemistry Department of Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - laura le_bras
- Université de Franche-Comté: Universite de Franche-Comte Department of Chemistry 16 route de Gray, 25030 Besançon FRANCE
| | - aurelie perrier pineau
- Chimie ParisTech - PSL: Ecole nationale superieure de chimie de Paris Department of Chemistry FRANCE
| | - marco ovalle
- Northwestern University Department of Chemistry Department of Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - paige brown
- Northwestern University Department of Chemistry Department of Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Charlotte L Stern
- Northwestern University Department of Chemistry Department of Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | | | - Samuel I Stupp
- Northwestern University Department of Chemistry Department of Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Michael R Wasielewski
- Northwestern University Department of Chemistry Department of Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - victor blancos
- Universidad de Granada Departamento de Química Orgánica SPAIN
| | - Fraser Stoddart
- Northwestern University Department of Chemistry 2145 Sheridan Road 60208-3113 EVANSTON UNITED STATES
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Kim M, Ryu CH, You DK, Hong JH, Lee KM. Crucial Factors Regulating Intramolecular Charge-Transfer-Based Radiative Efficiency in ortho-Carboranyl Luminophores: Planarity between Substituted Biphenyl Rings. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:24027-24039. [PMID: 35847313 PMCID: PMC9281304 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
o-Carboranyl compounds contain specific geometries, ranging from planar to orthogonally distorted biphenyl rings. Herein, 13 o-carboranyl compounds, 1HF-13PP, were synthesized and fully characterized to determine the impact of structural formation of the aromatic group appended with the o-carborane to estimate the efficiency of their radiative decay process. All the compounds exhibited significant intramolecular charge transfer (ICT)-based emission in the crystalline state at 298 K. Remarkably, increasing the distorted dihedral angles between biphenyl rings gradually decreased the emission efficiencies. Furthermore, their radiative decay constants decreased linearly with increasing dihedral angles, which demonstrated the inversely proportional relationship between these two factors. These findings distinctly suggest that the planar or distorted geometry of substituted aryl groups can strongly affect the efficiency of the ICT-based radiative process in o-carboranyl luminophores.
Collapse
|
41
|
Tahaoğlu D, Usta H, Alkan F. Revisiting the Role of Charge Transfer in the Emission Properties of Carborane-Fluorophore Systems: A TDDFT Investigation. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:4199-4210. [PMID: 35658432 PMCID: PMC9272399 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c02435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we performed a detailed investigation of the S1 potential energy surface (PES) of o-carborane-anthracene (o-CB-Ant) with respect to the C-C bond length on o-CB and the dihedral angle between o-CB and Ant moieties. The effects of different substituents (F, Cl, CN, and OH) on carbon- or boron-substituted o-CB, along with a π-extended acene-based fluorophore, pentacene, on the nature and energetics of S1 → S0 transitions are evaluated. Our results show the presence of a non-emissive S1 state with an almost pure charge transfer (CT) character for all systems as a result of significant C-C bond elongation (C-C = 2.50-2.56 Å) on o-CB. In the case of unsubstituted o-CB-Ant, the adiabatic energy of this CT state corresponds to the global minimum on the S1 PES, which suggests that the CT state could be involved in emission quenching. Despite large deformations on the o-CB geometry, predicted energy barriers are quite reasonable (0.3-0.4 eV), and the C-C bond elongation can even occur without a noticeable energy penalty for certain conformations. With substitution, it is shown that the dark CT state becomes even more energetically favorable when the substituent shows -M effects (e.g., -CN), whereas substituents showing +M effects (e.g., -OH) can result in an energy increase for the CT state, especially for partially stretched C-C bond lengths. It is also shown that the relative energy of the CT state on the PES depends strongly on the LUMO level of the fluorophore as this state is found to be energetically less favorable compared to other conformations when anthracene is replaced with π-extended pentacene. To our knowledge, this study shows a unique example of a detailed theoretical analysis on the PES of the S1 state in o-CB-fluorophore systems with respect to substituents or fluorophore energy levels. Our findings could guide future experimental work in emissive o-CB-fluorophore systems and their sensing/optoelectronic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Duygu Tahaoğlu
- Department of Nanotechnology Engineering, Abdullah Gül University, Kayseri 38080, Turkey
| | - Hakan Usta
- Department of Nanotechnology Engineering, Abdullah Gül University, Kayseri 38080, Turkey
| | - Fahri Alkan
- Department of Nanotechnology Engineering, Abdullah Gül University, Kayseri 38080, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Wang Z, Gou X, Shi Q, Liu K, Chang X, Wang G, Xu W, Lin S, Liu T, Fang Y. Through‐Space Charge Transfer: A New Way to Develop High‐Performance Fluorescence Sensing Film towards Opto‐Electronically Inert Alkanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202207619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaolong Wang
- Shaanxi Normal University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Xinyu Gou
- Shaanxi Normal University Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of Ministry of Education CHINA
| | - Qiyuan Shi
- Shaanxi Normal University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Ke Liu
- Shaanxi Normal University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Xingmao Chang
- Shaanxi Normal University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Gang Wang
- Shaanxi Normal University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Wenjun Xu
- Shaanxi Normal University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Simin Lin
- Shaanxi Normal University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Taihong Liu
- Shaanxi Normal University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Yu Fang
- Shaanxi Normal University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 199 South Chang'an Road 710119 Xi'an CHINA
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Carboranes in drug discovery, chemical biology and molecular imaging. Nat Rev Chem 2022; 6:486-504. [PMID: 37117309 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-022-00400-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
There exists a paucity of structural innovation and limited molecular diversity associated with molecular frameworks in drug discovery and biomolecular imaging/chemical probe design. The discovery and exploitation of new molecular entities for medical and biological applications will necessarily involve voyaging into previously unexplored regions of chemical space. Boron clusters, notably the carboranes, offer an alternative to conventional (poly)cyclic organic frameworks that may address some of the limitations associated with the use of novel molecular frameworks in chemical biology or medicine. The high thermal stability, unique 3D structure and aromaticity, kinetic inertness to metabolism and ability to engage in unusual types of intermolecular interactions, such as dihydrogen bonds, with biological receptors make carboranes exquisite frameworks in the design of probes for chemical biology, novel drug candidates and biomolecular imaging agents. This Review highlights the key developments of carborane derivatives made over the last decade as new design tools in medicinal chemistry and chemical biology, showcasing the versatility of this unique family of boron compounds.
Collapse
|
44
|
Guo L, Yu X, Du J, Li W, Bregadze V, Tu D, Lu C, Yan H. Remote Effect from Boron Cluster: Tunable Photophysical Properties of
o
‐Carborane‐Based Luminogens. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200303. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lihao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Xiao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Jiahui Du
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Vladimir Bregadze
- A.N.Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds (INEOS) Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow 119991 Russia
| | - Deshuang Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Changsheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Hong Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Chen M, Xu J, Zhao D, Sun F, Tian S, Tu D, Lu C, Yan H. Site‐Selective Functionalization of Carboranes at Electron‐Rich Boron Vertex: Photocatalytic B‐C Coupling via a Carboranyl Cage Radical. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202205672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Chen
- Nanjing University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Jingkai Xu
- Nanjing University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Deshi Zhao
- Nanjing University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Fangxiang Sun
- Nanjing University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Songlin Tian
- Nanjing University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Deshuang Tu
- Nanjing University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Changsheng Lu
- Nanjing University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Hong Yan
- Nanjing University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 22 Hankou Rd. 210093 Nanjing CHINA
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Sun F, Tan S, Cao HJ, Xu J, Bregadze V, Tu D, Lu C, Yan H. Palladium‐Catalyzed Hydroboration of Alkynes with Carboranes: Facile Construction of a Library of Boron Cluster‐Based AIE‐Active Luminogens. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202207125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fangxiang Sun
- Nanjing University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Shuaimin Tan
- Nanjing University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Hou-Ji Cao
- Nanjing University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Jingkai Xu
- Nanjing University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Vladimir Bregadze
- Russian Academy of Science A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds (INEOS) RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Deshuang Tu
- Nanjing University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Changsheng Lu
- Nanjing University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Hong Yan
- Nanjing University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 22 Hankou Rd. 210093 Nanjing CHINA
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Yang SY, Qu YK, Liao LS, Jiang ZQ, Lee ST. Research Progress of Intramolecular π-Stacked Small Molecules for Device Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2104125. [PMID: 34595783 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202104125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Organic semiconductors can be designed and constructed in π-stacked structures instead of the conventional π-conjugated structures. Through-space interaction (TSI) occurs in π-stacked optoelectronic materials. Thus, unlike electronic coupling along the conjugated chain, the functional groups can stack closely to facilitate spatial electron communication. Using π-stacked motifs, chemists and materials scientists can find new ways for constructing materials with aggregation-induced emission (AIE), thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF), circularly polarized luminescence (CPL), and room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP), as well as enhanced molecular conductance. Organic optoelectronic devices based on π-stacked molecules have exhibited very promising performance, with some of them exceeding π-conjugated analogues. Recently, reports on various organic π-stacked structures have grown rapidly, prompting this review. Representative molecular scaffolds and newly developed π-stacked systems could stimulate more attention on through-space charge transfer the well-known through-bond charge transfer. Finally, the opportunities and challenges for utilizing and improving particular materials are discussed. The previous achievements and upcoming prospects may provide new insights into the theory, materials, and devices in the field of organic semiconductors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Yi Yang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Yang-Kun Qu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Liang-Sheng Liao
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
- Macao Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR, 999078, P. R. China
| | - Zuo-Quan Jiang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Shuit-Tong Lee
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
- Macao Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR, 999078, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Ji L, Riese S, Schmiedel A, Holzapfel M, Fest M, Nitsch J, Curchod BFE, Friedrich A, Wu L, Al Mamari HH, Hammer S, Pflaum J, Fox MA, Tozer DJ, Finze M, Lambert C, Marder TB. Thermodynamic equilibrium between locally excited and charge-transfer states through thermally activated charge transfer in 1-(pyren-2'-yl)- o-carborane. Chem Sci 2022; 13:5205-5219. [PMID: 35655553 PMCID: PMC9093154 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc06867a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Reversible conversion between excited-states plays an important role in many photophysical phenomena. Using 1-(pyren-2'-yl)-o-carborane as a model, we studied the photoinduced reversible charge-transfer (CT) process and the thermodynamic equilibrium between the locally-excited (LE) state and CT state, by combining steady state, time-resolved, and temperature-dependent fluorescence spectroscopy, fs- and ns-transient absorption, and DFT and LR-TDDFT calculations. Our results show that the energy gaps and energy barriers between the LE, CT, and a non-emissive 'mixed' state of 1-(pyren-2'-yl)-o-carborane are very small, and all three excited states are accessible at room temperature. The internal-conversion and reverse internal-conversion between LE and CT states are significantly faster than the radiative decay, and the two states have the same lifetimes and are in thermodynamic equilibrium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Ji
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University 127 West Youyi Road Xi'an Shaanxi China
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Stefan Riese
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Alexander Schmiedel
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Marco Holzapfel
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Maximillian Fest
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Jörn Nitsch
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Basile F E Curchod
- Department of Chemistry, University of Durham South Road Durham DH1 3LE UK
| | - Alexandra Friedrich
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Lin Wu
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University 127 West Youyi Road Xi'an Shaanxi China
| | - Hamad H Al Mamari
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University PO Box 36, Al Khoudh 123 Muscat Sultanate of Oman
| | - Sebastian Hammer
- Experimentelle Physik VI, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Jens Pflaum
- Experimentelle Physik VI, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Mark A Fox
- Department of Chemistry, University of Durham South Road Durham DH1 3LE UK
| | - David J Tozer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Durham South Road Durham DH1 3LE UK
| | - Maik Finze
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Christoph Lambert
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Todd B Marder
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Synthesis and Electroluminescence Properties of New Blue Emitting Polymer Based on Dual-Core Type for Solution Process OLEDs. Macromol Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-022-0053-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
50
|
Yang H, Liu H, Shen Y, Zhang ST, Zhang Q, Song Q, Lv C, Zhang C, Yang B, Ma Y, Zhang Y. Multicolour Fluorescence Based on Excitation-Dependent Electron Transfer Processes in o-Carborane Dyads. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202115551. [PMID: 34989081 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202115551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Organic materials with excitation wavelength-dependent (Ex-de) emission are highly attractive for anticounterfeiting, optoelectronics and bioassay applications; however, the realization of Ex-de fluorescence, independent of aggregation states, remains a challenge. We herein report a photoinduced electron transfer (PeT) strategy to design Ex-de fluorescence materials by manipulating the relaxation pathways of multiple excited states. As expected, the o-carborane dyad presents a clear Ex-de fluorescence colour in the aggregated states, resulting from the tunable relative intensity of the dual-fluorescence spectra. Taking TP[1]B as an example, the amorphous powders emitted bright blue-violet, white and yellow colours under 390 nm, 365 nm and 254 nm UV illumination, respectively. Importantly, multicolour, flexible and transparent films as well as an anticounterfeiting application using this o-carborane dyad are demonstrated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heyi Yang
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Huzhou University, East 2nd Ring Road. No. 759, Huzhou, 313000, P. R. China.,College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chaowang Road. NO. 18, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Haichao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yunxia Shen
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chaowang Road. NO. 18, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Shi-Tong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Huzhou University, East 2nd Ring Road. No. 759, Huzhou, 313000, P. R. China
| | - Qingbao Song
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chaowang Road. NO. 18, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Chunyan Lv
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Huzhou University, East 2nd Ring Road. No. 759, Huzhou, 313000, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chaowang Road. NO. 18, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Bing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yuguang Ma
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yujian Zhang
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Huzhou University, East 2nd Ring Road. No. 759, Huzhou, 313000, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|