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Liu N, Plouffe RA, Liu JJW, Nouri MS, Saha P, Gargala D, Davis BD, Nazarov A, Richardson JD. Determinants of burnout in Canadian health care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Eur J Psychotraumatol 2024; 15:2351782. [PMID: 38775008 PMCID: PMC11123547 DOI: 10.1080/20008066.2024.2351782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Health care workers (HCWs) are among the most vulnerable groups to experience burnout during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Understanding the risk and protective factors of burnout is crucial in guiding the development of interventions; however, the understanding of burnout determinants in the Canadian HCW population remains limited.Objective: Identify risk and protective factors associated with burnout in Canadian HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic and evaluate organizational factors as moderators in the relationship between COVID-19 contact and burnout.Methods: Data were drawn from an online longitudinal survey of Canadian HCWs collected between 26 June 2020 and 31 December 2020. Participants completed questions pertaining to their well-being, burnout, workplace support and concerns relating to the COVID-19 pandemic. Baseline data from 1029 HCWs were included in the analysis. Independent samples t-tests and multiple linear regression were used to evaluate factors associated with burnout scores.Results: HCWs in contact with COVID-19 patients showed significantly higher likelihood of probable burnout than HCWs not directly providing care to COVID-19 patients. Fewer years of work experience was associated with a higher likelihood of probable burnout, whereas stronger workplace support, organizational leadership, supervisory leadership, and a favourable ethical climate were associated with a decreased likelihood of probable burnout. Workplace support, organizational leadership, supervisory leadership, and ethical climate did not moderate the associations between contact with COVID-19 patients and burnout.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that HCWs who worked directly with COVID-19 patients, had fewer years of work experience, and perceived poor workplace support, organizational leadership, supervisory leadership and ethical climate were at higher risk of burnout. Ensuring reasonable work hours, adequate support from management, and fostering an ethical work environment are potential organizational-level strategies to maintain HCWs' well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Liu
- MacDonald Franklin Operational Stress Injury Research Centre, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Canada
| | - Rachel A. Plouffe
- MacDonald Franklin Operational Stress Injury Research Centre, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Jenny J. W. Liu
- MacDonald Franklin Operational Stress Injury Research Centre, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Maede S. Nouri
- MacDonald Franklin Operational Stress Injury Research Centre, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Canada
| | - Priyonto Saha
- MacDonald Franklin Operational Stress Injury Research Centre, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Canada
| | - Dominic Gargala
- MacDonald Franklin Operational Stress Injury Research Centre, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Canada
| | - Brent D. Davis
- MacDonald Franklin Operational Stress Injury Research Centre, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Canada
- Department of Computer Science, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Anthony Nazarov
- MacDonald Franklin Operational Stress Injury Research Centre, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - J. Don Richardson
- MacDonald Franklin Operational Stress Injury Research Centre, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
- St. Joseph’s Operational Stress Injury Clinic, Parkwood Institute, St. Joseph’s Health Care London, London, Canada
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Zhong Q, Lei G, Wu H, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Xu F, Zhang Z, Xiao Q, Li X, Shi H. Practical and psychological challenges faced by Wuhan graduates after COVID-19 was controlled. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2024; 72:1127-1134. [PMID: 35622977 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2068958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: This study seeks to understand the reality and psychological difficulties faced by university graduates in Wuhan after the COVID-19 epidemic was controlled. Methods: A total of 6,417 graduate students were surveyed through an online questionnaire from late May to early June 2020. The questionnaire asked questions on depression, anxiety, insomnia, and suicidal behavior. In addition, self-administered epidemic-related questionnaires consisting of eight items were collected from university graduates. Results: Participants' positive detection rates for depression, anxiety, insomnia, and suicidal behavior are 13.4%, 8.3%, 4.4%, and 12.1%, respectively. The three biggest challenges faced by graduates are future development, economic difficulties, and employment problems. Conclusion: The detectable rate of depression, anxiety, and insomnia is low, and the detectable rate of suicide symptoms should be given more attention. The biggest problem of this group is their future development, and what they want to solve the most is the economic difficulty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiongyao Zhong
- Center for Mental Health Education of College Students, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, China
| | - Guanghui Lei
- Center for Mental Health Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- School of Educational Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huifen Wu
- School of Educational Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- School of Educational Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Educational Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinyuan Zhang
- Center for Mental Health Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fang Xu
- Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zheyu Zhang
- Wuhan 12 Law • Shiye Art Studio, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiang Xiao
- Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaonan Li
- Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Shi
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Shiratori Y, Ogawa T, Ota M, Sodeyama N, Arai T, Tachikawa H. Comparison of Depressive Symptoms between International and Domestic Students in a Japanese University: Pre- and Post-COVID-19 Pandemic. Brain Sci 2024; 14:447. [PMID: 38790426 PMCID: PMC11118855 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14050447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic led to significant lifestyle changes and uncertainties, triggering a secondary wave of mental health issues in society. University students are especially susceptible to mental disorders. International students are considered more vulnerable due to limited emotional and financial support from their families and difficulties accessing community support. Hence, we conducted a longitudinal analysis to compare depressive symptoms among international students before and during the pandemic. METHODS Data from depression screenings conducted at the University of Tsukuba in 2019 and 2020 were utilized. We included all students enrolled in 2019 who underwent health check-ups in both 2019 and 2020. Participants completed the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), enabling a comparison of item scores between domestic and international students. Psychopathological network analysis was employed to examine relationships among the items. RESULTS Prior to the pandemic, international students generally exhibited relatively good mental health compared with domestic students. During the 2020 pandemic, no significant difference was observed, but international students tended to demonstrate better mental health. However, network analysis revealed intergroup variations in the relationships among PHQ-9 items, with concentration problems and suicidal thoughts being more prominent among international students. CONCLUSION This study's findings suggest that young people studying abroad experience mental health crises similar to their domestic counterparts. Nevertheless, the patterns of these crises may differ between the two groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Shiratori
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Ibaraki, Japan
- University Health Center, University of Tsukuba Japan, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Takafumi Ogawa
- Ibaraki Prefectural Medical Center of Psychiatry, 654 Asahi, Kasama 309-1717, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Miho Ota
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Ibaraki, Japan
- University Health Center, University of Tsukuba Japan, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Noriko Sodeyama
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Ibaraki, Japan
- University Health Center, University of Tsukuba Japan, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Tetsuaki Arai
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Tachikawa
- University Health Center, University of Tsukuba Japan, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Ibaraki, Japan
- Department of Disaster and Community Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Ibaraki, Japan
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Shaheen A, Hamdan K, Allari R, Al-Bashaireh AM, Smadi AA, Amre H, Albqoor MA. Differences in Depression, Anxiety, and Stress in Relation to Changes in Living Conditions, Work Conditions, and Daily Life During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Jordan. SAGE Open Nurs 2024; 10:23779608241254221. [PMID: 38746074 PMCID: PMC11092552 DOI: 10.1177/23779608241254221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with numerous changes in daily life conditions that could affect the psychological response of individuals worldwide. Objective The study aimed to describe and examine differences in depression, anxiety, and stress in relation to living conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A cross-sectional design was used. Purposive snowball sampling was employed to include 642 participants. Arabic versions of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales were used to collect data. Descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation were used to analyze the data. Results The total mean scores of depression, anxiety, and stress were 12.26 (SD = 10.53), 9.04 (SD = 9.34), and 13.49 (SD = 10.72), respectively. Of the study sample, 122 (19.5%), 139 (22.2%), and 99 (15.9%) had severe to extremely severe levels of depression, anxiety, and stress, respectively. Significant differences were found in depression, anxiety, and stress in relation to age, chronic diseases, and house size. Conclusion The findings showed an increased prevalence of depression and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic. Mental health practitioners need to recognize the impact of pandemics on youth, females, low-income populations, and individuals with chronic diseases. Preventive mental health services among these populations, such as screening and counseling, would help reduce the health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer Shaheen
- Department of Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Khaldoun Hamdan
- Department of Acute and Chronic Care Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Rabia Allari
- Department of Acute and Chronic Care Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ahmad M. Al-Bashaireh
- Faculty of Health Science, Higher Colleges of Technology, Fujairah, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Huda Amre
- The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Maha Alkaid Albqoor
- Department of Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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Al-Tamimi M, Aolymat I, Alkhateeb R, Alshurman S, Dauod E, Rawabde F. The Impact of COVID-19 on Mental Health and Sleep Function of Hospital Staff Working With COVID-19 Patients: A Cross-Sectional Nationwide Study. INQUIRY : A JOURNAL OF MEDICAL CARE ORGANIZATION, PROVISION AND FINANCING 2024; 61:469580241248124. [PMID: 38712804 DOI: 10.1177/00469580241248124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has presented a globally challenging situation for human physical and mental health. Healthcare workers (HCWs) are affected by increased levels of anxiety, stress, and insomnia. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of COVID-19 on HCWs anxiety, stress, and insomnia levels. This cross-sectional study employed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Perceived Stress Scale 10, and Insomnia Severity Index to assess anxiety, stress, and insomnia among HCWs at 10 COVID-19 isolation and treatment hospitals/centers after the first COVID-19 wave in Jordan. A web-based survey was used to collect data from 183 participants. Statistical analysis of factors affecting the mean scores of anxiety, stress, and insomnia was carried using student t-test or ANOVA while factors associated with differences in anxiety, stress, and insomnia frequencies were tested using Chi-square/Fisher exact test. Multivariate analysis was performed to determine the independent risk factors. Among participants, 97.3% reported moderate to severe levels of stress, 68% reported borderline to high abnormal levels of anxiety, and 32% had moderate to severe insomnia. The mean of anxiety total score was 9.8 ± 4.8, stress total score was 22.7 ± 4.5, and insomnia total score was 11.0 ± 7.1. Significant positive correlations were noted between anxiety, stress, and insomnia (P < .005). Female gender, migraine, less working years, increased time spent with patients, lower workforce, clinical insomnia and high stress were significant independent factors associated with anxiety (P < .05). Younger age, being single or divorced, heart disease, smoking, occupation (nurses), lower workforce, vaccination dose, and anxiety were significant independent factors associated with insomnia (P < .05). Increased time spent with patients, lower workforce, lower spouse and colleagues support, sadness due to isolation and anxiety were significant independent factors associated with stress. HCWs at COVID-19 centers had high levels of stress, anxiety, and insomnia. Appropriate interventions to maintain HCWs mental health are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Al-Tamimi
- Department of Microbiology, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Iman Aolymat
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Rahaf Alkhateeb
- Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Saba Alshurman
- Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Esra'a Dauod
- Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Farah Rawabde
- Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
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Liu G, Tong Y, Li J, Sun X, Chen L, Zheng X, Zhang X, Lv J, Wang J, Wei B, Wei J, Cheng R, Wang Z. Burnout, moral injury, and suicidal/self-harm ideation among healthcare professionals in Mainland China: Insights from an online survey during the COVID-19 pandemic. Int J Psychiatry Med 2023:912174231219041. [PMID: 38047438 DOI: 10.1177/00912174231219041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This survey aimed to explore the relationships between burnout, moral injury, and suicidal/self-harm ideation among Chinese health professionals to provide a reference for protecting their mental health. METHOD Health professionals were surveyed online using the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey for Medical Personnel, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and the Moral Injury Symptoms Scale-Health Professional. RESULTS In the analysis, 6146 eligible respondents were included in the study. The average participant age was 34.9 ± 8.5 years, and suicidal/self-harm ideation was detected in 2338 participants (38.0%). The prevalence of suicidal/self-harm ideation among those with severe burnout in the dimensions of emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation, and decreased personal accomplishment was significantly higher than those with mild burnout. The prevalence of suicidal/self-harm ideation among those with significant moral injury symptoms was higher than those without moral injury. Unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that those with moderate or severe emotional exhaustion, moderate or severe reduced sense of professional accomplishment and moderate or severe depersonalisation had increased risks of suicidal/self-harm ideation. CONCLUSIONS Structural equation modelling demonstrated that burnout significantly mediated the relationship between moral injury and suicidal/self-harm ideation. The proportion of mediation (PM) by burnout was 43.0%. Burnout and moral injury were potential predictors of suicidal/self-harm ideation among health professionals. Both moral injury and burnout had positive and direct effects on suicidal/self-harm ideation, and burnout was a mediator in this relationship among Chinese health professionals. Therefore, to alleviate the moral injury and subsequent burnout of healthcare workers and enhance their mental qualities, active interventions should be developed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangtian Liu
- Department of Infectious Disease, The No.4 Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yan Tong
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jinghong Li
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiaoya Sun
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Futian Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Linlin Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xiwei Zheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xinhui Zhang
- Department of Infectious Disease, The No.4 Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | - Jufen Lv
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Jinyan Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation and Nursing, Ningxia Vocational and Technical College for Minorities, Wuzhong, China
| | - Bingfen Wei
- Department of Rehabilitation and Nursing, Ningxia Vocational and Technical College for Minorities, Wuzhong, China
| | - Jianhua Wei
- Department of Infectious Disease, The No.4 Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | - Ruixia Cheng
- Department of Infectious Disease, The No.4 Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | - Zhizhong Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
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Frazier P, Liu Y, Asplund A, Meredith L, Nguyen-Feng VN. US college student mental health and COVID-19: Comparing pre-pandemic and pandemic timepoints. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023; 71:2686-2696. [PMID: 34762560 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2021.1987247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess mental health in US undergraduates during COVID-19; to identify key pandemic-related stressors, perceived control, and coping and their associations with mental health. PARTICIPANTS Data collected from a sample of undergraduates in April 2020 (N = 312) were compared to data collected in Spring 2017 (N = 362). METHODS Online measures of depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms and perceived control and coping (both samples); pandemic-related stressors and perceived benefits (April 2020). RESULTS Depression and stress symptoms were higher in April 2020 than in 2017. Most students reported perceiving at least some pandemic-related benefits. Top-rated stressors involved missing seeing friends and school-related stressors. Perceived control and approach coping were lower during the pandemic but related to better mental health; avoidant coping was higher during the pandemic and related to poorer mental health. CONCLUSIONS Findings can inform campuses regarding how to improve student mental health during COVID and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Frazier
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Yuchen Liu
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Alexa Asplund
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Duluth, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
| | - Liza Meredith
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Viann N Nguyen-Feng
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Duluth, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
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Kaushani THM, Weeratunga EB. Psychological disturbances encountered by selected undergraduates studying at the University of Ruhuna, Sri Lanka during the Covid-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20559. [PMID: 37996606 PMCID: PMC10667504 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47950-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
University undergraduates are increasingly recognized as a vulnerable population with a higher level of psychological disturbances. During the Covid-19 pandemic, universities closed all over the world, resulting in the psychological well-being of this population being severely affected across the globe. This study examined the prevalence of stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms encountered by undergraduates of the selected five faculties at the University of Ruhuna in Southern Sri Lanka due to the Covid-19 pandemic, its associated factors, and the correlations between stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms. An online, cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted among undergraduates using pre-tested, self-administered questionnaires from the randomly selected five faculties: Allied Health Sciences, Engineering, Humanities and Social Sciences, Management and Finance, and Medicine. Undergraduates were invited to complete the Google Form. Socio-demographic details and a 21-item Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (21-DASS) were used for data collection. Stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms were evaluated using a Sinhala version of the 21-DASS scale. Ethical permission was granted by the Ethics Review Committee of the Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Ruhuna. Among the 359 undergraduates, the majority were represented by females (62.1%). The mean age of the sample was 23.67 years (SD ± 1.6). Stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms were found to be prevalent in 53.7%, 41.8%, and 63.8% of undergraduates respectively. Younger and female undergraduates had more impact on psychological issues than their counterparts. It revealed a significant positive correlation between anxiety and depressive symptoms (r = 0.646, p < .001), anxiety and stress (r = 0.868, p < .001), and stress and anxiety (r = 0.786, p < .001). Most undergraduates experienced considerable levels of stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms during the Covid-19 as increasing stress, anxiety, or depressive symptoms, tend to increase all types of psychological disturbances. The development of mental health among undergraduates is essential and needs innovative strategies to improve the psychological well-being of undergraduates. The initiation of a stress management programme and expanded available counseling services are also important. Further studies are needed to be conducted on the extended topic of how the Covid-19 era is affecting the psychological well-being of undergraduates from different universities (state/non-state), locations, and different study departments.
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Affiliation(s)
- T H M Kaushani
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Ruhuna, Galle, Sri Lanka
| | - E B Weeratunga
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Ruhuna, Galle, Sri Lanka.
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Gad BK, Arafa MA, Attia AF, Farahat AH, Abdou MS. Depression, anxiety, and stress among COVID-19 patients in South Sinai, Egypt: prevalence and associated predictors. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19193. [PMID: 37932329 PMCID: PMC10628151 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45775-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases trigger fear and anxiety among patients leading to disturbance in psychological health of patients. Psychological symptoms were found during SARS-COV-1 epidemic which raise the curiosity about their presence with SARS-COV-2 infection. The current study aimed to estimate the prevalence and severity of psychiatric disorders (depression, anxiety, and stress) among COVID-19 patients and their associated significant predictors. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 382 patients infected with COVID-19 in South Sinai governorate, Egypt, during the period June 2021 through January 2022. Patients with positive PCR test for COVID-19 were included if no more than 6 months have passed after being isolated in the hospital or at home. The patients were being contacted after being cured from COVID-19. The Arabic version of the Depression Anxiety Stress was used to assess the psychological status of patients. Multivariate linear regression analysis was done to detect the predictors of psychiatric symptoms among patients. A total of 382 participants with mean age of 41.5 ± 15.0 years old, of whom 72.5% were males were included in the study. 91.6% of participants had all the three studied psychological disorders; depression, anxiety and stress with most of participants had either severe or extremely severe conditions (13.9 and 75.7 for anxiety, 22.8 and 46.3% for depression, 38.5 and % 19.6 for stress, respectively). Healthcare workers had higher prevalence rates of depression, anxiety and stress. In bivariate analysis, educational level, HCWs and visiting healthcare facility were significantly affecting DASS scores. In linear regression analysis, hospital admission was the main predictor of the three psychological disorders. In Conclusion, majority of patients affected with COVID-19 suffered from symptoms of anxiety, depression and stress within six months after being infected. Hospital admission was found to be the main predictor of the presence of psychiatric disorders with prolonged recovery time from COVID-19 infection. More attention should be paid to COVID-19 patient's mental health as psychological care and presence of psychiatric in the isolation hospitals should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basma Khairy Gad
- Ministry of Health and Population, Preventive Medicine Sector, South Sinai, Egypt
| | - Mostafa Ahmed Arafa
- Department of Epidemiology, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, 165 El-Horeya Road, Al Ibrahimeyah Qebli WA Al Hadrah Bahri, Bab Sharqi, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ashraf Farouk Attia
- Department of Epidemiology, Military Medical Academy, Heliopolis, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Marwa Shawky Abdou
- Department of Epidemiology, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, 165 El-Horeya Road, Al Ibrahimeyah Qebli WA Al Hadrah Bahri, Bab Sharqi, Alexandria, Egypt.
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Alhemedi AJ, Qasaimeh MG, Abdo N, Elsalem L, Qaadan D, Alomari E, lssa Q, Alhadeethi M, Abdul Kareem HM, Almasri A, Elkhateeb O, Naser AY. Depression Among University Students in Jordan After the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2023; 16:4237-4249. [PMID: 37873060 PMCID: PMC10590589 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s436293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background University students encounter stressors that make them more susceptible to depression than the general population. Depression negatively impacts mental and physical health. Our study assessed the prevalence of depression among university students in Jordan and its associated predictors after the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods We conducted this cross-sectional online survey study in the first quarter of 2022 by sending an online questionnaire to university students aged 18 years and older. This study assessed the symptoms of depression using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify associated predictors of depression. Results A total of 535 university students participated in this study. The mean depression score for the study participants was 13.9 (SD: 7.1) out of 27, representing a moderate level of depression. Among the participants, 26.2% had moderate, 19.3% had moderately severe, and 25.8% had severe depression. Students who drink three or more cups of coffee per day, have had an evaluation of their psychological state by specialists before, and have been diagnosed with any mental illness were more likely to have a higher depression score compared to others (p<0.05). On the other hand, students who were aged 24 years and older and those who practiced regular exercise were less likely to have a higher depression score compared to others (p<0.05). Conclusion We found a high prevalence of depression among university students in Jordan. This result is vital for decision-makers to implement a plan to prevent and manage this mental health issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahlam J Alhemedi
- Department of Public Health and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Motaz Ghazi Qasaimeh
- Department of General Surgery and Anesthesia, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Nour Abdo
- Department of Public Health and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Lina Elsalem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Dina Qaadan
- Department of Clinical Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Esraa Alomari
- Department of Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Isra University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Qudama lssa
- Department of Public Health and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Mohammed Alhadeethi
- Department of Public Health and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Hamza Mazin Abdul Kareem
- Department of Public Health and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Ayham Almasri
- Department of Public Health and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Osama Elkhateeb
- Department of Public Health and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Abdallah Y Naser
- Department of Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Isra University, Amman, Jordan
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11
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Alhalaiqa F, Alfuqaha OA, Masa'Deh R, Khalifeh AH, Alsaraireh M, Manaa NS, Alkouri O, Al Omari O. Psychometric Properties of the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist among the Lebanese Population Exposed to the Beirut Explosion: A Cross-Sectional Study during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Behav Neurol 2023; 2023:9286562. [PMID: 37822368 PMCID: PMC10564576 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9286562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study was aimed at testing the psychometric properties of the posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) checklist for the Diagnostic Statistical Manual version 5 (DSM-5) (PCL-5) among the Lebanese population and at identifying the prevalence of PTSD. Design A cross-sectional survey of PCL-5 among 950 Lebanese, using the online survey platform by Google Form, was conducted. Snowball recruitment was used to identify participants for the survey. Results Face, content, construct, discriminant, and convergent validity had been accomplished through the survey. The reliability using Cronbach's alpha, composite, and average variance extracted was identified as superior. We also found that more than half of the participants (55.6%) scored 33 or above which is the cut-off score for a likely diagnosis of PTSD. Conclusion The current study provides further support for the validity and reliability of the Arabic version of PCL-5 among non-Western populations. This supports using the checklist in the screening of probable PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadwa Alhalaiqa
- Department of Clinical Affairs, College of Nursing, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Othman A. Alfuqaha
- Counseling and Mental Health Department, Faculty of Educational Sciences, The World Islamic Sciences & Education University, Amman 11947, Jordan
| | - Rami Masa'Deh
- School of Nursing, Applied Science Private University, Jordan
| | - Anas H. Khalifeh
- Department of Community and Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Zarqa University, P.O.Box 132222, Zarqa 13132, Jordan
| | - Mahmoud Alsaraireh
- Princess Aisha Bint Al Hussein College for Nursing and Health Sciences, Alhussein Bin Talal University, Ma'an, Jordan
| | | | - Osama Alkouri
- Faculty of Nursing, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
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12
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Wang C, Wen W, Zhang H, Ni J, Jiang J, Cheng Y, Zhou M, Ye L, Feng Z, Ge Z, Luo H, Wang M, Zhang X, Liu W. Anxiety, depression, and stress prevalence among college students during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023; 71:2123-2130. [PMID: 34469261 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2021.1960849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Background: Since the end of 2019, the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak rapidly became a pandemic. The psychological state of people during the COVID-19 pandemic has gained interest. Our aim was to study the prevalence of anxiety, depression, and stress in college students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A systematic search of Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library was conducted up to September 20, 2020. Reviewers independently assessed full-text articles according to predefined criteria. Stata14/SE was used to calculate the prevalence and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of anxiety, depression, and stress among college students from different countries. A random effects model was adopted. The Egger test was used to determine publication bias. Results: A total of 280 references were retrieved, and 28 papers met our inclusion criteria, for a total of 436,799 college students. Thirteen studies involved non-Chinese college students, and 15 studies involved Chinese college students. The prevalence of anxiety, depression, and stress was 29% (95% CI, 19-25%), 37% (95% CI, 32-42%), and 23% (95% CI, 8-39%), respectively. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a negative psychological effect on college students, and the prevalence of anxiety, depression, and stress among Chinese college students is lower than among non-Chinese college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyi Wang
- Hangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Hangzhou Medical Key Discipline, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wen Wen
- Hangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Hangzhou Medical Key Discipline, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haifu Zhang
- Hangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Hangzhou Medical Key Discipline, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Ni
- Hangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Hangzhou Medical Key Discipline, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingjie Jiang
- Hangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Hangzhou Medical Key Discipline, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | | | - Mengyun Zhou
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Physiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Asahi, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Lan Ye
- Basic Medical College, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Zhanhui Feng
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhongjun Ge
- The Fourth People's Hospital of Lin'an, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong Luo
- Hangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Hangzhou Medical Key Discipline, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mingwei Wang
- Hangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Hangzhou Medical Key Discipline, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xingwei Zhang
- Hangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Hangzhou Medical Key Discipline, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenmin Liu
- Hangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Hangzhou Medical Key Discipline, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
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13
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Serrano Molina AM, Gómez-Sierra FJ, Fernández Ruiz J, Jiménez-Fernández S, González Domenech P, García-Jiménez J, Gutiérrez-Rojas L. Consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of medical students202. ACTAS ESPANOLAS DE PSIQUIATRIA 2023; 51:202-215. [PMID: 38117260 PMCID: PMC10803873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have shown an increased prevalence of anxiety, depression and suicidal ideation in the general population in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sara Jiménez-Fernández
- Psychiatry and Neurosciences Research Group (CTS-549), Institute of Neurosciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain Child and adolescent Mental Health Unit. Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain
| | - Pablo González Domenech
- Psychiatry Department, University of Granada, Granada, Spain. Psychiatry and Neurosciences Research Group (CTS-549), Institute of Neurosciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Jesús García-Jiménez
- Psychiatry and Neurosciences Research Group (CTS-549), Institute of Neurosciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain 1 2 Child and adolescent Mental Health Unit. Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain
| | - Luis Gutiérrez-Rojas
- Psychiatry Department, University of Granada, Granada, Spain. Psychiatry and Neurosciences Research Group (CTS-549), Institute of Neurosciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain Child and adolescent Mental Health Unit. Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain
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14
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N. Fountoulakis K, N. Karakatsoulis G, Abraham S, Adorjan K, Ahmed HU, Alarcón RD, Arai K, Auwal SS, Bobes J, Bobes-Bascaran T, Bourgin-Duchesnay J, Bredicean CA, Bukelskis L, Burkadze A, Cabrera Abud II, Castilla-Puentes R, Cetkovich M, Colon-Rivera H, Corral R, Cortez-Vergara C, Crepin P, de Berardis D, Zamora Delgado S, de Lucena D, de Sousa A, di Stefano R, Dodd S, Elek LP, Elissa A, Erdelyi-Hamza B, Erzin G, Etchevers MJ, Falkai P, Farcas A, Fedotov I, Filatova V, Fountoulakis NK, Frankova I, Franza F, Frias P, Galako T, Garay CJ, Garcia-Álvarez L, García-Portilla P, Gonda X, Gondek TM, Morera González D, Gould H, Grandinetti P, Grau A, Groudeva V, Hagin M, Harada T, Hasan TM, Azreen Hashim N, Hilbig J, Hossain S, Iakimova R, Ibrahim M, Iftene F, Ignatenko Y, Irarrazaval M, Ismail Z, Ismayilova J, Jacobs A, Jakovljević M, Jakšić N, Javed A, Yilmaz Kafali H, Karia S, Kazakova O, Khalifa D, Khaustova O, Koh S, Kopishinskaia S, Kosenko K, Koupidis SA, Kovacs I, Kulig B, Lalljee A, Liewig J, Majid A, Malashonkova E, Malik K, Iqbal Malik N, Mammadzada G, Mandalia B, Marazziti D, Marčinko D, Martinez S, Matiekus E, Mejia G, Memon RS, Meza Martínez XE, Mickevičiūtė D, Milev R, Mohammed M, Molina-López A, Morozov P, Muhammad NS, Mustač F, Naor MS, Nassieb A, Navickas A, Okasha T, Pandova M, Panfil AL, Panteleeva L, Papava I, Patsali ME, Pavlichenko A, Pejuskovic B, Pinto da Costa M, Popkov M, Popovic D, Raduan NJN, Vargas Ramírez F, Rancans E, Razali S, Rebok F, Rewekant A, Reyes Flores EN, Rivera-Encinas MT, Saiz PA, Sánchez de Carmona M, Saucedo Martínez D, Saw JA, Saygili G, Schneidereit P, Shah B, Shirasaka T, Silagadze K, Sitanggang S, Skugarevsky O, Spikina A, Mahalingappa SS, Stoyanova M, Szczegielniak A, Tamasan SC, Tavormina G, Tavormina MGM, Theodorakis PN, Tohen M, Tsapakis EM, Tukhvatullina D, Ullah I, Vaidya R, Vega-Dienstmaier JM, Vrublevska J, Vukovic O, Vysotska O, Widiasih N, Yashikhina A, Prezerakos PE, Berk M, Levaj S, Smirnova D. Results of the COVID-19 mental health international for the health professionals (COMET-HP) study: depression, suicidal tendencies and conspiracism. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2023; 58:1387-1410. [PMID: 36867224 PMCID: PMC9982799 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-023-02438-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The current study aimed to investigate the rates of anxiety, clinical depression, and suicidality and their changes in health professionals during the COVID-19 outbreak. MATERIALS AND METHODS The data came from the larger COMET-G study. The study sample includes 12,792 health professionals from 40 countries (62.40% women aged 39.76 ± 11.70; 36.81% men aged 35.91 ± 11.00 and 0.78% non-binary gender aged 35.15 ± 13.03). Distress and clinical depression were identified with the use of a previously developed cut-off and algorithm, respectively. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Descriptive statistics were calculated. Chi-square tests, multiple forward stepwise linear regression analyses, and Factorial Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) tested relations among variables. RESULTS Clinical depression was detected in 13.16% with male doctors and 'non-binary genders' having the lowest rates (7.89 and 5.88% respectively) and 'non-binary gender' nurses and administrative staff had the highest (37.50%); distress was present in 15.19%. A significant percentage reported a deterioration in mental state, family dynamics, and everyday lifestyle. Persons with a history of mental disorders had higher rates of current depression (24.64% vs. 9.62%; p < 0.0001). Suicidal tendencies were at least doubled in terms of RASS scores. Approximately one-third of participants were accepting (at least to a moderate degree) a non-bizarre conspiracy. The highest Relative Risk (RR) to develop clinical depression was associated with a history of Bipolar disorder (RR = 4.23). CONCLUSIONS The current study reported findings in health care professionals similar in magnitude and quality to those reported earlier in the general population although rates of clinical depression, suicidal tendencies, and adherence to conspiracy theories were much lower. However, the general model of factors interplay seems to be the same and this could be of practical utility since many of these factors are modifiable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos N. Fountoulakis
- 3rd Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Greece, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Grigorios N. Karakatsoulis
- 3rd Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Greece, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Seri Abraham
- Pennine Care NHS Foundation Trust, Ashton-under-Lyne, UK
- Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
- Core Psychiatry Training, Health Education England North West, Manchester, UK
| | - Kristina Adorjan
- Department of Psychiatry, Ludiwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Helal Uddin Ahmed
- Child Adolescent and Family Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Renato D. Alarcón
- Section of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Facultad de Medicina Alberto Hurtado, Lima, Peru
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic School of Medicine, Rochester, MN USA
| | - Kiyomi Arai
- School of Medicine and Health Science, Institute of Health Science Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Sani Salihu Auwal
- Department of Psychiatry, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria
- Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Julio Bobes
- Psychiatry Area, Department of Medicine, University of Oviedo, ISPA, INEUROPA. CIBERSAM, Oviedo, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, ISPA, INEUROPA. CIBERSAM, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Teresa Bobes-Bascaran
- Mental Health Center of La Corredoria, ISPA, INEUROPA. CIBERSAM, Oviedo, Spain
- Department of Psychology, University of Oviedo, ISPA, INEUROPA. CIBERSAM, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Julie Bourgin-Duchesnay
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Groupe Hospitalier Nord Essonne, Orsay, France
| | - Cristina Ana Bredicean
- Department of Neuroscience, Discipline of Psychiatry, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Laurynas Bukelskis
- Clinic of Psychiatry, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Akaki Burkadze
- Mental Hub, Tbilisi, Georgia
- NGO Healthcare Research and Quality Agency, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | | | - Ruby Castilla-Puentes
- Janssen Research and Development, Johnson and Johnson, American Society of Hispanic Psychiatry and WARMI Women Mental Health, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | - Marcelo Cetkovich
- Institute of Translational and Cognitive Neuroscience (INCyT), INECO Foundation, Favaloro University, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Hector Colon-Rivera
- APM Board Certified in General Psychiatry and Neurology, Addiction Psychiatry, and Addiction Medicine, UPMC, DDAP, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Ricardo Corral
- Department of Teaching and Research, Hospital Borda, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Piirika Crepin
- Sanitaire and Social Union for Accompaniment and Prevention, Center of Ambulatory Psychiatry of Narbonne and Lezigan, Narbonne, France
| | - Domenico de Berardis
- Department of Mental Health, Psychiatric Service of Diagnosis and Treatment, Hospital “G. Mazzini”, ASL Teramo, Teramo, Italy
- School of Nursing, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience and Imaging, School of Psychiatry, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
| | - Sergio Zamora Delgado
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital Luis Calvo Mackenna, Santiago, Chile
| | - David de Lucena
- Departamento de Fisiología E Farmacología, Universidade Federal Do Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará Brazil
| | - Avinash de Sousa
- Department of Psychiatry, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College, Mumbai, India
- Desousa Foundation, Mumbai, India
| | - Ramona di Stefano
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Seetal Dodd
- IMPACT–the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
- Orygen The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Centre for Youth Mental Health, Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health and the Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- University Hospital Geelong, Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC Australia
| | - Livia Priyanka Elek
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anna Elissa
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Berta Erdelyi-Hamza
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gamze Erzin
- Psychiatry Department, Ankara Dışkapı Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Martin J. Etchevers
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Buenos Aires (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Peter Falkai
- Department of Psychiatry, Ludiwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Adriana Farcas
- Centre of Neuroscience, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON Canada
| | - Ilya Fedotov
- Department of Psychiatry and Narcology, Ryazan State Medical University N.a. Academician I.P. Pavlov, Ryazan, Russia
| | - Viktoriia Filatova
- State Budgetary Institution of the Rostov Region “Psychoneurological Dispensary”, Rostov-On-Don, Russia
| | | | - Iryna Frankova
- Medical Psychology, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy Department, Bogomolets National Medical University, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Francesco Franza
- Villa Dei Pini Psychiatric Rehabilitation Center, Avellino, Italy
- Psychiatric Studies Centre, Provaglio d’Iseo, Italy
| | | | - Tatiana Galako
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical Psychology and Drug Abuse, Kyrgyz State Medical Academy, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic
| | - Cristian J. Garay
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Buenos Aires (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Paz García-Portilla
- Psychiatry Area, Department of Medicine, University of Oviedo, ISPA, INEUROPA. CIBERSAM, Oviedo, Spain
- Mental Health Center of La Ería, ISPA, INEUROPA. CIBERSAM, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Xenia Gonda
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tomasz M. Gondek
- Specialty Training Section, Polish Psychiatric Association, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Hilary Gould
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA
| | - Paolo Grandinetti
- Department of Mental Health, Psychiatric Service of Diagnosis and Treatment, Hospital “G. Mazzini”, ASL Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Arturo Grau
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital Luis Calvo Mackenna, Santiago, Chile
- Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile
| | - Violeta Groudeva
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, University Hospital Saint Ekaterina, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Michal Hagin
- Forensic Psychiatry Unit, Abarbanel Mental Health Center, Bat Yam, Israel
| | - Takayuki Harada
- Faculty of Human Sciences, Education Bureau of the Laboratory Schools, University of Tsukuba, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tasdik M. Hasan
- Department of Primary Care and Mental Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Public Health Foundation, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Nurul Azreen Hashim
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Jan Hilbig
- Clinic of Psychiatry, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Sahadat Hossain
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Rossitza Iakimova
- Second Psychiatric Clinic, University Hospital for Active Treatment in Neurology and Psychiatry “Saint Naum”, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Mona Ibrahim
- Faculty of Medicine, Okasha Institute of Psychiatry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Felicia Iftene
- Department of Psychiatry, Queens University, Kingston, ON Canada
| | - Yulia Ignatenko
- Mental Health Clinic No 1 N.a. N.A. Alexeev of Moscow Healthcare Department, Education Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - Matias Irarrazaval
- Ministry of Health, Millenium Institute for Research in Depression and Personality, Santiago, Chile
| | - Zaliha Ismail
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Jamila Ismayilova
- National Mental Health Center of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - Asaf Jacobs
- Department of Psychiatry, Westchester Medical Center Health System, Valhalla, NY USA
- New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY USA
| | | | - Nenad Jakšić
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Afzal Javed
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
- Psychiatric Research Centre, Fountain House, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Sagar Karia
- Department of Psychiatry, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College, Mumbai, India
| | | | - Doaa Khalifa
- Faculty of Medicine, Okasha Institute of Psychiatry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Olena Khaustova
- Medical Psychology, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy Department, Bogomolets National Medical University, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Steve Koh
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA
| | - Svetlana Kopishinskaia
- International Centre for Education and Research in Neuropsychiatry (ICERN), Samara State Medical University, Samara, Russia
- Kirov State Medical University, Kirov, Russia
| | - Korneliia Kosenko
- Drug Abuse and Psychology Department, Odessa National Medical University, Odessa, Ukraine
| | - Sotirios A. Koupidis
- Occupational and Environmental Health Sector, Public Health Policy Department, School of Public Health, University of West Attica, Athens, Greece
| | - Illes Kovacs
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Barbara Kulig
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Justine Liewig
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Groupe Hospitalier Nord Essonne, Orsay, France
| | - Abdul Majid
- Department of Psychiatry, SKIMS Medical College, Srinagar, India
| | - Evgeniia Malashonkova
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Groupe Hospitalier Nord Essonne, Orsay, France
| | - Khamelia Malik
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Najma Iqbal Malik
- Department of Psychology, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Gulay Mammadzada
- Department of Psychiatry, Azerbaijan Medical University, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | | | - Donatella Marazziti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Unicamillus, Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, Rome, Italy
- Brain Research Foundation Onus, Lucca, Italy
| | - Darko Marčinko
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Stephanie Martinez
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA
| | - Eimantas Matiekus
- Clinic of Psychiatry, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Gabriela Mejia
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA
| | - Roha Saeed Memon
- Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Roumen Milev
- Department of Psychiatry, Queens University, Kingston, ON Canada
| | - Muftau Mohammed
- Department of Clinical Services, Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | - Alejandro Molina-López
- General Office for the Psychiatric Services of the Ministry of Health, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Petr Morozov
- Department of Postgraduate Education, Russian National Research Medical University N.a. N.I. Pirogov, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nuru Suleiman Muhammad
- Department of Community Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Filip Mustač
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mika S. Naor
- Sackler School of Medicine New York State American Program, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
| | - Amira Nassieb
- Faculty of Medicine, Okasha Institute of Psychiatry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Alvydas Navickas
- Clinic of Psychiatry, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Tarek Okasha
- Faculty of Medicine, Okasha Institute of Psychiatry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Milena Pandova
- Second Psychiatric Clinic, University Hospital for Active Treatment in Neurology and Psychiatry “Saint Naum”, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Anca-Livia Panfil
- Compartment of Liaison Psychiatry, “Pius Brinzeu” County Emergency Clinical Hospital, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Liliya Panteleeva
- Department of Medical Psychology, Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Kyrgyz-Russian Slavic University, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic
| | - Ion Papava
- Department of Neuroscience, Discipline of Psychiatry, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Mikaella E. Patsali
- School of Social Sciences, Hellenic Open University, Patras, Greece
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nicosia General Hospital, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Alexey Pavlichenko
- Ministry of Health, Millenium Institute for Research in Depression and Personality, Santiago, Chile
| | - Bojana Pejuskovic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- Clinical Department for Crisis and Affective Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Mikhail Popkov
- Department of the Introduction to Internal Medicine and Family Medicine, International Higher School of Medicine, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic
| | | | - Nor Jannah Nasution Raduan
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Francisca Vargas Ramírez
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital Luis Calvo Mackenna, Santiago, Chile
- Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile
| | - Elmars Rancans
- Department of Psychiatry and Narcology, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia
- Riga Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, Riga, Latvia
| | - Salmi Razali
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Federico Rebok
- Servicio de Emergencia, Acute Inpatient Unit, Hospital Moyano, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Argentine Institute of Clinical Psychiatry (IAPC), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Anna Rewekant
- General Psychiatry Unit I, Greater Poland Neuropsychiatric Center, Kościan, Poland
| | | | - María Teresa Rivera-Encinas
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de San Martín de Porres, Instituto Nacional de Salud Mental “Honorio Delgado – Hideyo Noguchi”, Lima, Perú
| | - Pilar A. Saiz
- Psychiatry Area, Department of Medicine, University of Oviedo, ISPA, INEUROPA. CIBERSAM, Oviedo, Spain
| | | | - David Saucedo Martínez
- Department of Psychiatry, Escuela Nacional de Medicina, TEC de Monterrey. Servicio de Geriatría. Hospital Universitario “José Eleuterio González” UANL, Monterrey, Nuevo León México
| | - Jo Anne Saw
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Görkem Saygili
- Assistant Professor at Cognitive Science and Artificial Intelligence Department, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Patricia Schneidereit
- Klinik Für Allgemeine Psychiatrie Und Psychotherapie Ost, Psychiatrische Institutsambulanz, Klinikum Am Weissenhof, Weissenhof, Germany
| | | | - Tomohiro Shirasaka
- Department of Psychiatry, Teine Keijinkai Medical Center, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | - Satti Sitanggang
- Psychiatric Unit, Pambalah Batung General Hospital, South Kalimantan, Amuntai, Indonesia
| | - Oleg Skugarevsky
- Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Belarusian State Medical University, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Anna Spikina
- Saint Petersburg Psychoneurological Dispensary No2, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Sridevi Sira Mahalingappa
- Derbyshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, The Liasion Team, Royal Derby Hospital, Derby, Derbyshire UK
| | - Maria Stoyanova
- Second Psychiatric Clinic, University Hospital for Active Treatment in Neurology and Psychiatry “Saint Naum”, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Anna Szczegielniak
- Department of Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Simona Claudia Tamasan
- Compartment of Liaison Psychiatry, “Pius Brinzeu” County Emergency Clinical Hospital, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Giuseppe Tavormina
- Psychiatric Studies Centre, Provaglio d’Iseo, Italy
- European Depression Association and Italian Association on Depression, Brussels, Belgium
- Bedforshire Center for Mental Health Research, in association with the University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | - Mauricio Tohen
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM USA
| | - Eva-Maria Tsapakis
- Agios Charalambos Mental Health Clinic, Heraklion, Crete Greece
- 1st Department of Academic Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dina Tukhvatullina
- Centre for Global Public Health, Institute of Population Health Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Irfan Ullah
- Kabir Medical College, Gandhara University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Ratnaraj Vaidya
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | | | - Jelena Vrublevska
- Department of Psychiatry and Narcology, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia
- Riga Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, Riga, Latvia
- Department of Psychiatry, Narcology, Psychotherapy and Clinical Psychology, Samara State Medical University, Samara, Russia
| | - Olivera Vukovic
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nicosia General Hospital, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Institute of Public Health, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia
| | - Olga Vysotska
- Department for Research and Education, Institute of Mental Health, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Natalia Widiasih
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Anna Yashikhina
- International Centre for Education and Research in Neuropsychiatry (ICERN), Samara State Medical University, Samara, Russia
- Educational and Research Center–Ukrainian Family Medicine Training Center, Bogomolets National Medical University, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Panagiotis E. Prezerakos
- Department of Psychiatry, Narcology, Psychotherapy and Clinical Psychology, Samara State Medical University, Samara, Russia
| | - Michael Berk
- IMPACT–the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
- Orygen The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Centre for Youth Mental Health, Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health and the Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sarah Levaj
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Daria Smirnova
- International Centre for Education and Research in Neuropsychiatry (ICERN), Samara State Medical University, Samara, Russia
- Department of Nursing, University of Peloponnese, Laboratory of Integrated Health Care, Tripoli, Greece
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15
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Wu J, Kuan G, Lou H, Hu X, Masri MN, Sabo A, Kueh YC. The impact of COVID-19 on students' anxiety and its clarification: a systematic review. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1134703. [PMID: 37691784 PMCID: PMC10484512 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1134703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Since the emergence of COVID-19 in 2019, every country in the world has been affected to varying degrees. Long-term psychological pressure and anxiety will inevitably damage the physical and mental health of students. This study aimed to examine the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on students who experienced stress and anxiety and to clarify which intervention was more effective. Methods A comprehensive literature search was conducted between January 2020 and December 2022 using online databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar by using the following keywords in combination: "COVID-19," "stress," "anxiety," "depression," and "intervention." The retrieved literature was screened and reviewed. Results A total of 2,924 articles were retrieved using subject and keyword searches. After screening through the titles and abstracts, 18 related studies were retained. Their review revealed that: (1) most studies did not use medication to control stress and anxiety; (2) the standard methods used to reduce stress and anxiety were religion, psychological counseling, learning more about COVID-19 through the media, online mindfulness courses, improving sleep quality, and physical exercise; (3) the most effective interventions were physical activity and raising awareness about COVID-19 through the media and online mindfulness programs. However, some studies show that physical activity cannot directly relieve psychological stress and anxiety. Conclusion Limited interventions are effective, but learning more about COVID-19 and using active coping strategies may help reduce stress and anxiety. The implications of COVID-19 are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarun Wu
- Exercise and Sports Science Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
- School of Physical Health, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Garry Kuan
- Exercise and Sports Science Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Hu Lou
- School of Sports Science, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoyu Hu
- Dafang County No. 7 Middle School, Bijie, Guizhou, China
| | - Mohamad Najmi Masri
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Abdulwali Sabo
- Biostatistics and Research Methodology Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Yee Cheng Kueh
- Biostatistics and Research Methodology Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
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16
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Han H. Fuzzy clustering algorithm for university students' psychological fitness and performance detection. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18550. [PMID: 37554784 PMCID: PMC10404668 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Students' psychological fitness is unavoidable, hindering personal development, social interactions, peer influence, and adolescence. Academic stress may be the most dominant factor affecting college students' mental well-being. Therefore, improving the monitoring of mental health issues among college students is a vital topic for study. However, identifying the student's stress level is challenging, leading to uncertainty. Hence, this paper suggests Heuristic Fuzzy C-means Clustering Algorithm (HFCA) for analyzing college students' stress levels, psychological well-being and academic performance detection. The data are collected from the Kaggle stress dataset for predicting student mental health. This study investigates the psychological factors affecting students' academic performance using the suggested HFCA. Students' performance may be predicted using the Fuzzy Cognitive Map (FCM) in this study. This study used fuzzy clustering algorithms to discover the most crucial aspects of student success, such as student involvement and satisfaction. A better understanding of the risk factors for and protective factors against poor mental health can serve as the basis for developing policies and targeted interventions to prevent mental health problems and guarantee that at-risk students can access the help they need. The experimental analysis shows the proposed method HFCA to achieve a high student performance ratio of 96.7%, cognitive development ratio of 97.2%, student engagement ratio of 97.5% and prediction ratio of 95.1% compared to other methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Han
- Mental Health Education Center for College Students, Xi'an University, Xi'an, 710065, China
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17
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Naser AY, Alwafi H, Itani R, Alzayani S, Qadus S, Al-Rousan R, Abdelwahab GM, Dahmash E, AlQatawneh A, Khojah HMJ, Kautsar AP, Alabbasi R, Alsahaf N, Qutub R, Alrawashdeh HM, Abukhalaf AHI, Bahlol M. Nomophobia among university students in five Arab countries in the Middle East: prevalence and risk factors. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:541. [PMID: 37496010 PMCID: PMC10369834 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05049-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive use of mobile phones leading to development of symptoms suggestive of dependence syndrome with teenagers are far more likely to become dependent on mobile phones as compared to adults. COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact on the mental health of several groups in society, especially university students. This study aimed to explore the prevalence of mobile phone dependence among university students and its associated factors. METHODS Between September 2021 and January 2022, a cross-sectional study was conducted at universities in Jordan, Lebanon, Egypt, Bahrain, and Saudi Arabia utilizing an online and paper-based self-administered questionnaire. We employed a previously developed questionnaire by Aggarwal et al. RESULTS: A total of 5,720 university students were involved in this study (Egypt = 2813, Saudi Arabia = 1509, Jordan = 766, Lebanon = 432, and Bahrain = 200). The mean estimated daily time spent on using mobile phone was 186.4 (94.4) minutes. The highest mobile dependence score was observed for the university students from Egypt and the lowest mobile dependence score was observed for the university students from Lebanon. The most common dependence criteria across the study sample was impaired control (55.6%) and the least common one was harmful use (25.1%). Females and those reported having anxiety problem or using a treatment for anxiety were at higher risk of developing mobile phone dependence by 15% and 75%, respectively. CONCLUSION Mobile phone dependence is common among university students in Arab countries in the Middle East region. Future studies exploring useful interventions to decrease mobile phone dependence are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdallah Y Naser
- Department of Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Isra University, Amman, Jordan.
| | - Hassan Alwafi
- Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rania Itani
- Pharmacy Practice Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beirut Arab University, Riad El Solh, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Salman Alzayani
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Sami Qadus
- Department of Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Isra University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Rabaa Al-Rousan
- Department of Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Isra University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ghada Mohammad Abdelwahab
- Department of Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Isra University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Eman Dahmash
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Faculty of Health, Science, Social Care and Education, Kingston University, London, UK
| | - Ahmad AlQatawneh
- ACDIMA Center for Bioequivalence and Pharmaceutical Studies, Department of Clinical Research, Amman, Jordan
| | - Hani M J Khojah
- Department of Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Madinah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Angga Prawira Kautsar
- Unit of Global Health, Department of Health Sciences, University of Groningen/University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
- Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Renan Alabbasi
- Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nouf Alsahaf
- Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
| | - Razan Qutub
- Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Amer Hamad Issa Abukhalaf
- Florida Institute for Built Environment Resilience, M.E. Rinker, Sr. School of Construction Management, College of design construction and planning, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Mohamed Bahlol
- Specialty of Pharmaceutical Management and Economics, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Clinical Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Cairo, Egypt
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18
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Okour A, Amarneh B. Physical Activity Reduces Depression among Healthcare Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Jordan. Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health 2023; 19:e174501792306220. [PMID: 37916200 PMCID: PMC10487326 DOI: 10.2174/17450179-v19-230720-2023-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Aims This study aimed to assess mental health status by measuring depression and investigating the effect of physical activity in lessening the mental health burden among HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic in Jordan. Background The COVID-19 pandemic has caused distress and depression among healthcare workers and drastic disruptions in social, economic, and health systems worldwide. Methods A cross-sectional online study through google forms involved HCWs across Jordan for two months. The 10-item short form of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale Revised (CESD-R10) was used to assess depressive symptoms. Results The total sample was 295, females were 50.5% with mean age of 33.1 (>80% less than 40 years old), married 51.9%, 63% were physicians, 88.1% had contact with patients, and 64.7% were smokers. Depression symptoms were perceived by 59.3% of the total samples (53.1). Conclusion During the COVID-19-induced nationwide lockdown in Jordan, HCWs who engaged in enough physical exercise reported fewer depressive symptoms. Promoting physical exercise among HCWs may lead to better results for their mental health. Various clinical implications support promoting designated time and space for physical activity at work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulhakeem Okour
- Department of Public Health, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Amman, Jordan
| | - Basil Amarneh
- Nursing Community Mental Health, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Amman, Jordan
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19
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Spruijt I, Cronin A, Udeorji F, Nazir M, Shehu S, Poix S, Villanueva A, Jansen N, Huitema I, Suurmond J, Fiekert K. Respected but stigmatized: Healthcare workers caring for COVID-19 patients. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288609. [PMID: 37478112 PMCID: PMC10361490 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthcare workers (HCWs) caring for Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients are at increased risk of being stigmatized, which compromises their individual mental well-being and the quality of care they deliver. Stigma-reduction interventions may (partly) prevent this. However, there is a lack of in-depth understanding of the experiences and underlying causes of COVID-19 stigma among HCWs, which is needed to design such interventions. We conducted in-depth semi-structured interviews to assess COVID-19 stigma among COVID-19 HCWs in Ireland, Nigeria, The Netherlands, Pakistan, and The Philippines. METHODS We used a purposive and snowball sampling to recruit a total of 53 HCWs for online interviews (13 in Ireland; 15 in Nigeria; 6 in The Netherlands; 6 in Pakistan; and 13 in The Philippines (2021). After verbatim transcribing interviews, we used a thematic approach for data analysis. RESULTS In all countries, stigmatization of COVID-19 HCWs is driven by fear of infection and the perception of HCWs being carriers of the disease amplified by them wearing of scrubs and personal protective equipment. There were differences between countries in the way stigma manifested in self- anticipated and experienced stigma like scolding, discrimination, avoidance, (self-) isolation, and exclusion in public, in the community, at work, and in the household. The stigma resulted in feelings of depression, loneliness, isolation, and the desire to quit one's job. DISCUSSION COVID-19 HCWs from all countries experienced all forms of stigmatization related to their work as a COVID-19 frontliner. This affected their mental well-being, which in turn affects job performance and quality of care, there is a high need to develop stigma reduction tools for HCWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ineke Spruijt
- KNCV Tuberculosis Foundation, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Anne Cronin
- KNCV Tuberculosis Foundation, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | | | - Mamoona Nazir
- KNCV Tuberculosis Foundation, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Samaila Shehu
- KNCV Tuberculosis Foundation, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Sebastien Poix
- KNCV Tuberculosis Foundation, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | | | - Niesje Jansen
- KNCV Tuberculosis Foundation, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Ineke Huitema
- KNCV Tuberculosis Foundation, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Jeanine Suurmond
- Department Social Science, Amsterdam Public Health Institute, University Medical Centre Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kathy Fiekert
- KNCV Tuberculosis Foundation, The Hague, The Netherlands
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20
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Salameh G, Marais D, Khoury R. Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Mental Health among the Population in Jordan. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6382. [PMID: 37510614 PMCID: PMC10379603 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20146382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental health is a key indicator for public health measures. Jordan is one of the countries that has a high prevalence of mental illness and disorders. The COVID-19 pandemic has affected all health services in the country with a high refugee population. The aim of this review is to assess the impact of the pandemic on mental health in Jordan and identify key factors affecting it, in addition to addressing lessons learned from the pandemic. METHODS A systematic search was conducted on Medline Plus, Embase, Web of Science, EBSCOHost Psycinfo and Cinhal, following the PRISMA guidelines. Articles were selected based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were extracted and synthesized using narrative descriptive analysis. RESULTS The pandemic had a significant impact on PTSD, psychological distress, anxiety, depression and stress. Predictors of a higher impact on mental health were related to gender, socio-economic status and comorbidities. The healthcare workers group was the most affected by mental disorders. CONCLUSIONS The COVID-19 pandemic's impact on mental health was associated with high levels of PTSD, anxiety, depression and stress. In a country with a high prevalence of mental disorders, prompt and quick measures are needed to support the health system to absorb the effect of the pandemic and be responsive to dealing with the existing high prevalence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghaith Salameh
- School of Health, University of Essex, Colchester CO4 3SQ, UK
| | - Debbi Marais
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
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21
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Ekram R, Khan WA, Khafagy AA, Mandora RM, Zamzami OS, Alzahrani MM, Alamri GE, Mandora RM, Garout MA, Almatrafi MA, Alwafi H, Naser AY, Salawati E, Samannodi M, Uz Zaman T. Attitudes and Practices of the Public Toward Precautionary Measures Post-COVID-19 Pandemic in Saudi Arabia. J Multidiscip Healthc 2023; 16:1943-1952. [PMID: 37484816 PMCID: PMC10356548 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s414424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to assess the practices and attitudes of the general population towards coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID)-19 after the removal of precautionary and preventive measures in Saudi Arabia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among the general population in all regions of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, from September 2022 to October, 2022 via a virtual survey to evaluate the practices, and attitudes of the general population towards COVID-19. A stratified random sampling technique was applied to collect the sample with inclusion criteria for all individuals who are Arabic language speakers using social media platforms. The individuals selected for this study were 18 years and older. Results A total of 2406 responses were received for the study questionnaire. Most of participants (66.3%) were females aged 18 to 29 years (61.8%). Half of the participants reported a positive history of COVID-19 infection. Nearly 90% of participants still wear masks, 80% attended a crowded event, and 60% often wash their hands even though the Saudi government has erased the precautions. Females, young (30-39 years) and elderly (60 years and over) individuals, singles, those with a postgraduate degree, those who are employed, and healthcare workers were more likely to adhere to COVID-19 precautionary measures (p<0.05). Conclusion The study's findings indicate that most of the population discontinued practicing precautionary measures after lifting the measures in Saudi Arabia. More public health initiatives should raise the scores of sanitary best practices to prevent the spread of viral illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakan Ekram
- Department of Health Information Technology and Management, Faculty of Public Health and Health Informatics, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, 21514, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wahaj A Khan
- Department of Occupational Health, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, 21514, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A Khafagy
- Department of Community Medicine and Pilgrims Healthcare, College of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, 21514, Saudi Arabia
| | - Roaa M Mandora
- Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama S Zamzami
- Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ghadeer E Alamri
- Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Razan M Mandora
- Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Garout
- Department of Community Medicine and Pilgrims Healthcare, College of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, 21514, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Hassan Alwafi
- Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdallah Y Naser
- Department of Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Isra University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Emad Salawati
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Samannodi
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tabrez Uz Zaman
- Department of Health Information Technology and Management, Faculty of Public Health and Health Informatics, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, 21514, Saudi Arabia
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Alhouri A, Abu Shokor M, Marwa K, Sharabi A, Mohammad Nazir Arrouk D, Al Houri FN, Al Houri H. COVID-19 and Its Impact on Healthcare Workers: Understanding Stigma, Stress, and Quality of Life. Cureus 2023; 15:e37846. [PMID: 37214008 PMCID: PMC10198658 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.37846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has negatively impacted public health systems worldwide and created anxiety and stress among communities, resulting in the stigmatization of patients infected with the virus. Stigmatization of individuals who are sick or thought to be infected has a long history and can lead to discrimination and prejudice. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of COVID-19-related stigma in Jordan, assess the relationship between stigma and the quality of life (QoL) in healthcare workers, and identify possible measures to decrease stressful events. Understanding the psychological effects of healthcare workers' jobs and reducing their burden is essential to improving medical outcomes and the QoL of patients. METHODOLOGY This cross-sectional study was conducted in three primary hospitals in Amman, Jordan, from July to December 2021. Healthcare workers were recruited through convenience sampling and completed a self-administered questionnaire, which included demographic information, a validated COVID-19 stigma questionnaire, work conditions during the pandemic, the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale - 21 Items (DASS-21) questionnaire to measure depression, anxiety, and stress, and the EUROHIS-QOL questionnaire to assess the QoL. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including chi-square tests and post hoc analysis. The study was approved by the institutional review board, and participation was voluntary and confidential. RESULTS The study was conducted among 683 healthcare workers in Jordan, with 77.7% based in the capital city, Amman. Most of the participants were between 18 and 30 years of age, and slightly more than half were female. The study found that 38.1% of healthcare workers would not take the COVID-19 vaccine once it became available. More than half (56%) reported experiencing stress, 61% reported anxiety, and 65% reported depression during the pandemic. Internal medicine specialties and frontline nurses reported the highest levels of stress, and healthcare workers with greater exposure to COVID-19 patients reported higher levels of anxiety and stress. Only 3% of participants reported experiencing stigmatization (p=0.043), with low-income participants reporting it more frequently. Stigmatization was significantly correlated with feelings of depression, anxiety, and stress (p<0.001). CONCLUSION Healthcare workers' mental well-being has been affected negatively by the COVID-19 pandemic, resulting in depression, anxiety, and stress. Widespread mental surveillance for healthcare workers is crucial to protect healthcare workers from psychological issues and to improve the healthcare service provided to patients. Stigma among healthcare workers can be a major factor that may increase depression, anxiety, and stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Alhouri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Royal Berkshire Hospital, Reading, GBR
| | | | - Khaled Marwa
- Department of General Medicine, Al Safa Medical Complex, Hail, SAU
| | - Alaa Sharabi
- Department of General Medicine, Somerian Health, Abu Dhabi, ARE
| | | | - Fatima N Al Houri
- College of Medicine, American University in the Emirates, Dubai, ARE
| | - Hasan Al Houri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Syrian Private University, Damascus, SYR
- Department of Internal Medicine, Al-Assad University Hospital, Al-Mouwasat University Hospital, Damascus, SYR
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Alesi M, Giordano G, Gentile A, Caci B. The Switch to Online Learning during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Interplay between Personality and Mental Health on University Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:5255. [PMID: 37047875 PMCID: PMC10094209 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20075255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The switching from traditional to online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic was challenging for students, determining an increase in physical and mental health problems. The current paper applied a two-step cluster analysis in a large sample of n = 1028 university students (Mage = 21.10 years, SD = 2.45 years; range: 18-30 years; 78.4% females). Participants responded to an online survey exploring neuroticism, trait/state anxiety, general self-efficacy, academic motivation, fear of COVID-19, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on physical and mental health, and the help requests. Results showed two significant clusters of students having a Maladaptive Academic Profile (n = 456; 44.4%) or an Adaptive Academic Profile (n = 572; 55.6%). Significant differences were found between the two clusters, where students belonging to the Maladaptive Academic Profile reported higher levels of neuroticism, higher dispositional and situational anxiety, and fear of COVID-19, and lower self-efficacy and academic motivation than students of the Adaptive Academic Profile cluster. In addition, more physical or mental health problems and help requests, mainly to partners during the COVID-19 pandemic, were found in the Maladaptive Academic Profile cluster compared to the Adaptive Academic Profile. Finally, the practical implications of the study's results in implementing university counseling services as protective measures to contrast psychological distress in the long-term COVID-19 pandemic are discussed.
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Rayan A. Psychological impacts of transition to distance learning due to COVID-19 on nursing students. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2023; 32:767-777. [PMID: 36912457 DOI: 10.1111/inm.13139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess the psychological impacts of the abrupt transition to distance learning due to COVID-19 and associated factors among Jordanian nursing students. A cross-sectional online survey with a sample of 224 nursing students in three universities was carried out. The survey measured students' depression, anxiety, stress, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), academic self-efficacy, and demographic and distance learning-related data. Students have moderate levels of depression, anxiety, and stress. Depression, anxiety, stress, and PTSD were significantly associated with various demographic, disease-related, and distance learning-related variables. Further work is required to prepare professional psychological help for nursing students and develop future teaching plans that take into consideration factors underlying students' negative symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Rayan
- Faculty of Nursing, Zarqa University, Zarqa, Jordan
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25
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Kotera Y, Liu G, Colman R, Young H, Ozaki A, Miyatake H, Kosaka M, Tanimoto T. A longitudinal study of mental health in healthcare workers in Japan during the initial phase of COVID-19 pandemic: comparison with the general population. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2023:1-4. [PMID: 37359617 PMCID: PMC9999062 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-023-04444-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted the mental health of people in Japan. Healthcare workers (HCWs) especially suffered from poor mental health, engaging with COVID-19 patients while protecting themselves from infection. However, a long-term assessment of their mental health in comparison to the general population remains to be conducted. This study evaluated and compared changes in mental health between these two populations over a six-month period. Measures of mental health, loneliness, hope and self-compassion were completed at baseline and at six-month follow-up. Two-way MANOVA (Time x Group) identified that no interaction effects were present. However, at baseline, HCWs had higher levels of mental health problems and loneliness, and lower levels of hope and self-compassion than the general population. Furthermore, a higher level of loneliness was found in HCWs at six months. These findings highlight strong feelings of loneliness in HCWs in Japan. Interventions such as digital social prescribing are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Kotera
- Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, NG7 2TU Nottingham, UK
| | - Gillian Liu
- College of Health, Psychology & Social Care, University of Derby, DE22 1GB Derby, UK
| | - Rory Colman
- College of Health, Psychology & Social Care, University of Derby, DE22 1GB Derby, UK
| | - Holly Young
- College of Health, Psychology & Social Care, University of Derby, DE22 1GB Derby, UK
| | - Akihiko Ozaki
- Department of Breast Surgery, Jyoban Hospital of Tokiwa Foundation, 972-8322 Iwaki, Japan
- Medical Governance Research Institute, 108-0074 Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Tetsuya Tanimoto
- Department of Breast Surgery, Jyoban Hospital of Tokiwa Foundation, 972-8322 Iwaki, Japan
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Sato H, Maeda M, Takebayashi Y, Setou N, Shimada J, Kanari Y. Impact of Unexpected In-House Major COVID-19 Outbreaks on Depressive Symptoms among Healthcare Workers: A Retrospective Multi-Institutional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4718. [PMID: 36981623 PMCID: PMC10049033 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20064718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has significantly affected the mental health of healthcare workers (HCWs). The authors have provided psychosocial support to HCWs working in typical hospitals and nursing homes in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan, where major COVID-19 outbreaks have occurred since December 2020. This study retrospectively examines depressive symptoms before psychosocial interventions among HCWs working at typical hospitals and nursing homes experiencing in-house major COVID-19 outbreaks. We have offered psychosocial support in eight hospitals and nursing homes, obtaining data on the mental health status of 558 HCWs using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. The study's results indicate that 29.4% of HCWs have exhibited moderate or higher depressive symptoms, and 10.2% had suicidal ideation. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that being a nurse was associated with higher depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation compared to other HCWs. In addition, multiple logistic regression analysis of Polymerase Chain Reaction-positive HCWs showed that being a nurse and the number of COVID-19-related symptoms was associated with high depressive symptoms. These results suggest that HCWs in typical hospitals and nursing homes experiencing major COVID-19 outbreaks are more likely to exhibit severe depressive symptoms, which may worsen if infected with COVID-19. This study's findings expand the current understanding of HCWs' depressive symptoms and the importance of psychosocial support during unexpected major outbreaks in healthcare facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Sato
- Department of Disaster Psychiatry, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Masaharu Maeda
- Department of Disaster Psychiatry, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Yui Takebayashi
- Department of Disaster Psychiatry, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Noriko Setou
- Department of Disaster Psychiatry, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Jiro Shimada
- Hospital Futaba Emergency General Medical Support Center, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Yumiko Kanari
- Fukushima Prefectural Government, Department of Health and Welfare, Fukushima Prefectural Headquarters for Coronavirus Infection Control, Fukushima 960-8670, Japan
- Department of Public Health, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
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Gazi MAI, Masud AA, Sobhani FA, Dhar BK, Hossain MS, Hossain AI. An Empirical Study on Emergency of Distant Tertiary Education in the Southern Region of Bangladesh during COVID-19: Policy Implication. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4372. [PMID: 36901382 PMCID: PMC10001728 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Many fields have been affected by COVID-19, including education. The pandemic has prompted a change in education due to the requirement for social distancing. Campuses are now closed in many educational institutions across the globe, and teaching and learning are now conducted online. Internationalization has significantly slowed down. A mixed-method study was designed for this research, with the goal of ascertaining the impact of COVID-19 on Bangladeshi students enrolled in higher education during and after the pandemic. A questionnaire with 19 questions on a Google form was used to collect quantitative data using a 4-point Likert scale and was conducted on 100 students from different universities in the southern part of Bangladesh, such as Barisal University, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, and Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University. For collecting qualitative data, six quasi-interviews were conducted. A statistical package for Social Science (SPSS) was used to analyze both quantitative and qualitative data. The quantitative results demonstrated that during the COVID-19 pandemic, pupils continuously received teaching and learning. The current study's findings revealed a significant positive correlation between the COVID-19 pandemic and teaching, learning, and student achievement and a significant negative correlation between the COVID-19 pandemic and student goals. The study also revealed that the COVID-19 pandemic had a detrimental effect on students enrolled in higher education programs at the universities. The qualitative judgment showed that students faced many problems when joining classes, such as poor Internet connection and insufficient network and technological facilities, etc. Some students live in rural areas and have slow Internet speeds, which sometimes prevented them from joining class. The findings of the study can help policy makers in higher education to review and adopt a new policy in higher education in Bangladesh. It can also help education instructors in universities to develop a proper study plan for their students.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abdullah Al Masud
- Department of Management Studies, University of Barishal, Barishal 8254, Bangladesh
| | - Farid Ahammad Sobhani
- School of Business and Economics, United International University, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Bablu Kumar Dhar
- Mahidol University International College, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Mohammad Sabbir Hossain
- Department of Finance and Banking, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali 8602, Bangladesh
| | - Abu Ishaque Hossain
- Department of Business Administration, The International University of Scholars, Dhaka 1213, Bangladesh
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28
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Abukhalaf AHI, Naser AY, Cohen SL, von Meding J, Abusal DM. Evaluating the mental health of international students in the U.S. during the COVID-19 outbreak: The case of University of Florida. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023:1-10. [PMID: 36749870 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2023.2168547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Objective: The study aims to capture the emotional challenges faced by international students due to the changes in U.S. visa regulations during the COVID-19 outbreak. Participants: 165 international students from University of Florida participated in the study. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional online survey using previously validated questionnaire tools (PHQ-9 and GAD-7). The collected data was quantitatively analyzed through different statistical approaches, including ANOVA, Independent Sample t-Test, and Binary Logistic Regression. Results: 18.8% of our study sample had a moderately severe to severe depressive status, and 20.6% of the study sample had severe anxiety. Additionally, there was a statistically significant difference in the depression and anxiety scores based on gender. Conclusions: Our findings addressed the importance of taking serious measures when emotionally impactful political issues arise to prevent the development of mental illnesses among international students at U.S. institutions of higher education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amer Hamad Issa Abukhalaf
- Florida Institute for Built Environment Resilience, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Abdallah Y Naser
- Department of Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Isra University, Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Jason von Meding
- Florida Institute for Built Environment Resilience, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Deyaaldeen M Abusal
- Environmental Science of Engineering Department, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA
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29
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Tanifuji T, Mouri K, Yamamoto Y, Aoyama S. Psychological Distress among University Staff before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2208. [PMID: 36767575 PMCID: PMC9915217 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has distressed many populations worldwide, and since its beginning, many institutes have performed cross-sectional studies to assess mental health. We longitudinally examined psychological distress and depressive symptoms among university staff in Japan from 2019 to 2021, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.; (2) Methods: Participants were teachers and hospital staff working at institutions related to Kobe University, who completed the Brief Job Stress Questionnaire (BJSQ) from 2019 to 2021. This study used the definition recommended by the guideline to identify high-stress. We analyzed the relationship between those who identified as having high-stress before versus during the COVID-19 pandemic using logistic regression analysis (adjusted for age, sex, and occupation).; (3) Results: Results showed that Stress Reaction scores increased slightly in 2020 and significantly in 2021. Time and other factors had a synergistic effect on mental health. The increase in Stress Reaction was significantly associated with females and nurses over the three years. Those with high-stress in 2019 had approximately twenty-fold odds ratios (OR) of having high-stress in 2020 and 2021.; (4) Conclusions: The long-term COVID-19 pandemic may disturb university staff's mental health. Those who originally experienced high levels of stress were vulnerable to the negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaki Tanifuji
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Kentaro Mouri
- Kobe University Inclusive Campus & Healthcare Center, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Biosignal Pathophysiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Yasuji Yamamoto
- Kobe University Inclusive Campus & Healthcare Center, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Biosignal Pathophysiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Aoyama
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
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Talarowska M, Rucka K, Kowalczyk M, Chodkiewicz J, Kowalczyk E, Karbownik MS, Sienkiewicz M. Mental Health of Students at Polish Universities after Two Years of the Outbreak of COVID-19. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1921. [PMID: 36767287 PMCID: PMC9915401 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20031921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental health deterioration in young adults in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic is being increasingly studied. It is clear that the psychological consequences of the pandemic will be evident for many years, especially among the younger generation, who did not have time to acquire adaptive coping strategies before the outbreak of COVID-19. The purpose of this study was to assess the condition of the mental health of students at Polish universities after two years of the pandemic. The types of coping strategies used by the respondents to deal with stress were also evaluated in order to establish which of them could have a beneficial effect on the psyche of young people. METHODS This study included 721 participants (age [years]: M = 25.7, SD = 5.3; 269 (37.2%) males) recruited using snowball sampling from students at two universities in Lodz, Poland, and full-time doctoral students from across Poland (phase I of the study was conducted in March 2019 (N = 352); phase II of the study was conducted in April 2022 (N = 369)). The following tools were used in this study: The General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) by D. Goldberg, the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), and the Inventory for Measuring Coping with Stress (Mini-COPE) by Carver et al. Pearson's chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression were used in the statistical analysis. RESULTS The results detailing the condition of the mental health of the subjects, as measured using GHQ-28, were significantly worse in the group surveyed after two years of the pandemic than the results of the survey conducted in March 2019 (adjusted odds ratio for GHQ-28 ≥ 5: 3.66, 95%CI 2.12-6.30, p < 0.001). Statistically significant differences were seen for each of the subscales of the GHQ-28 questionnaire. Most often, the subjects complained of anxiety symptoms and sleep disorders, in addition to somatic symptoms. The risk factors for worsening mental health included female (odds ratio 1.70, 95%CI 1.20-2.40, p = 0.003) and professional inactivity (odds ratio 1.55, 95%CI 1.04-2.31, p = 0.031). On the other hand, the ages of the people surveyed, their relationship status, whether they had children, or the type of university they attended all proved to be insignificant. The following coping strategies had a positive impact on the mental health of the respondents: positive reframing (Z = -2.951; p = 0.003) and seeking emotional support (Z = -2.351; p = 0.019). In contrast, strategies such as self-distraction (Z = 2.785; p = 0.005), denial (Z = 2.948; p = 0.003), venting (Z = 2.337; p = 0.019), self-blame (Z = 5.511; p < 0.001) and behavioral disengagement (Z = 4.004; p < 0.001) were associated with poorer mental health among the respondents. CONCLUSIONS 1. Of the students surveyed, 33% reported elevated stress levels after two years of the COVID-19 pandemic. 2. The overall mental health of students at Polish universities, as measured by GHQ-28, was significantly worse in the group evaluated after two years of the COVID-19 pandemic, mainly in respect of anxiety symptoms and sleep disorders. 3. Female gender and professional inactivity appeared to be risk factors for the students' worsening mental health, which may be an indication of the need for further research and planning of psychotherapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Talarowska
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychopathology, Institute of Psychology, University of Lodz, al. Rodziny Scheiblerów 2, 90-128 Lodz, Poland
| | - Kinga Rucka
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychopathology, Institute of Psychology, University of Lodz, al. Rodziny Scheiblerów 2, 90-128 Lodz, Poland
| | - Mateusz Kowalczyk
- Babinski Memorial Hospital, ul. Aleksandrowska 159, 91-229 Lodz, Poland
| | - Jan Chodkiewicz
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychopathology, Institute of Psychology, University of Lodz, al. Rodziny Scheiblerów 2, 90-128 Lodz, Poland
| | - Edward Kowalczyk
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Żeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland
| | - Michał Seweryn Karbownik
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Żeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland
| | - Monika Sienkiewicz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Microbiological Diagnostic, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Muszyńskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland
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31
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Deng X, Zhang H. Mental health status among non-medical college students returning to school during the COVID-19 pandemic in Zhanjiang city: A cross-sectional study. Front Psychol 2023; 13:1035458. [PMID: 36710795 PMCID: PMC9874120 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1035458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has brought huge and continuous damage to mental health. The mental health of non-medical college students after returning to school remains largely unknown and the influencing factors were awaited to be deciphered. This cross-sectional study was launched among 1,083 non-medical students in Zhanjiang city by means of online survey (WeChat App) from August 1st, 2022 to August 7th, 2022. Knowledge about COVID-19 and attitude toward COVID-19 were assessed by using 7-items and 5-items questionnaires, respectively. Sleep quality, anxiety and depression symptoms were evaluated by Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), Hamilton depression rating scale-17 (HDRS-17) and self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), respectively. The results showed that more than half of the participants were knowledgeable about COVID-19. The majority of the participants held positive attitude toward COVID-19. The data demonstrated that 6.8% students had poor sleep quality, and 1.86, 0.37 and 0.37% students had mild, moderate and severe anxiety, respectively. About 26.7, 4.7 and 1.7% students had minimal, mild-moderate and severe depression. Female students showed higher proportions of anxiety (p = 0.02) and depression (p < 0.0001) than male students. Students with monthly household income below 3,000 RMB were more vulnerable to anxiety (p = 0.017) and depression (p = 0.004). Correlation analysis and Multivariate logistic regression analysis results showed that lower grade was positively related with anxiety and depression. Female students, income lower than 3,000 RMB/month, poor knowledge about COVID-19 and negative attitude toward COVID-19 were associated with insomnia, anxiety and depression. This study indicated that during the COVID-19 pandemic, a majority of non-medical students returning to school remained good sleep quality and a small number of students suffered from depression and anxiety. To our knowledge, this is a novel study revealing the mental health of non-medical college students concerning COVID-19 in Zhanjiang.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Deng
- Department of Preschool Education, Zhanjiang Preschool Education College, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Huiting Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China,*Correspondence: Huiting Zhang,
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32
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Nguyen HTH, Hoang AP, Vu LM, Tran DQ, Bui LK, Pham TT, Tran LTK, Nguyen HTT. Prevalence of and risk factors associated with depression among nursing students acting on the frontline of COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study. Front Public Health 2023; 10:1020419. [PMID: 36711390 PMCID: PMC9883110 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1020419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The widespread devastation caused by the ongoing waves of COVID-19 imposed a significant burden on the healthcare labor force. At the frontline in the battle against the deadly COVID-19 virus, nursing students in Vietnam were at a much-increased risk of developing mental health conditions. This study aims to identify the prevalence of depression and its related factors, along with coping strategies used by nursing students in the COVID-19 pandemic in Vietnam. Materials and methods The study was cross-sectional in nature, with convenient sampling at the epicenters of COVID-19 outbreaks in Vietnam (N = 191) from April to November 2021. After conducting a questionnaire pilot, the data was collected strictly using an internet-based approach. The Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 items were used to identify the risk of depression among nursing students. The Chi-square test was used to assess the differences between coping strategies among nursing students. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify risk factors associated with depression. Findings The percentage of nursing students affected by depression was 21.5%, and almost half of the nursing students (49.2%) had no coping strategies for dealing with mental health concerns. Among the remaining nursing students, video-based mental consultation was the most popular method (25.7%). Being females (AOR: 2.7, 95% CI: 1.1-6.7), collecting bio-samples (AOR: 2.9, 95% CI: 1.4-6.2), providing support to vaccination spots (AOR: 2.3, 95% CI: 1.1-5.1), and not vaccinating against COVID-19 (AOR: 3.1, 95% CI: 1.1-9.1) were found as risk factors for depression among nursing students. Conclusion Our research revealed a significant number of nursing students suffering from depressive symptoms and underscoring the need for more effective methods of dealing with this condition. Depression management and coping skills focusing on female populations and those whose direct contacts with infectious sources should be implemented in the nursing curricula and continuous training credits. Those trainings, would support future nurses in handling crisis situations better.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huyen Thi Hoa Nguyen
- College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity, Hanoi, Vietnam,*Correspondence: Huyen Thi Hoa Nguyen ✉
| | - Anh Phuong Hoang
- College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity, Hanoi, Vietnam,Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Linh Manh Vu
- College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Duc Quang Tran
- College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Linh Khanh Bui
- College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity, Hanoi, Vietnam,Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thuan Thi Pham
- College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity, Hanoi, Vietnam,Department of Nursing, Military Institute of Traditional Medicine, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Linh Thuy Khanh Tran
- Faculty of Nursing and Medical Technology, Ho Chi Minh City Medicine and Pharmacy University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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Abu Alhommos AK, Naser AY, Abu Alhommous LK. Psychoeconomic Impact of the Coronavirus Pandemic on the General Population in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Disaster Med Public Health Prep 2023; 17:e346. [PMID: 36597792 DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2022.303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the psychological and economic effects of the COVID-19 epidemic and identify those at higher risk of suffering financial consequences. METHODS A cross-sectional study using an online survey was conducted in Saudi Arabia between June 27 and September 27, 2020. Logistic regression was conducted to determine who was more likely to suffer financially from the COVID-19 epidemic. RESULTS A total of 440 individual participated in this study, of whom, 86.8% were aged 19 - 49 years, and 60.0% were females. Around 57.0% reported that they have been affected economically by the pandemic. Around 11.0% of the participants reported that they feel anxious; around 18.0% reported feeling depressed or fearful because of COVID-19. Males were around twice (OR: 1.83; 95% CI: 1.24 - 2.72) as likely to be affected economically during the COVID-19 pandemic (P < 0.01). Saudis were 59.0% less likely to be affected (OR: 0.41; 95% CI: 0.27 - 0.60; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the psychological and economic status of individuals in Saudi Arabia deeply. To prevent long-term psychological and economic deterioration and to hasten social recovery, mental, financial, supportive strategies, and programs to aid the entire community in coping with the pandemic are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Khaleel Abu Alhommos
- Pharmacy Practice Department, Clinical Pharmacy College, King Faisal University, Alhasa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdallah Y Naser
- Department of Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Isra University, Amman, Jordan
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The link among academic stress, sleep disturbances, depressive symptoms, academic performance, and the moderating role of resourcefulness in health professions students during COVID-19 pandemic. J Prof Nurs 2023; 46:83-91. [PMID: 37188428 PMCID: PMC10020862 DOI: 10.1016/j.profnurs.2023.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Background The rapid shift to virtual learning in response to the COVID-19 pandemic contributed to high academic stress among health profession students. High academic stress was associated with impaired psychosocial well-being and decreased academic performance. Objectives The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between academic stress, anxiety, sleep disturbances, depressive symptoms, academic performance, and the moderating effect of resourcefulness among undergraduate health profession students. Methods This descriptive and cross-sectional study included undergraduate health profession students. The primary investigator distributed the study link to all students through the university's Central Messaging Centre, Twitter account, and WhatsApp. The study variables were measured using the Student Life Stress Inventory, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 questionnaire, the Centre for Epidemiology Scale of Depression, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and the Resourcefulness Skills Scale. Pearson R correlation and linear regression analysis were utilized for statistical analysis. Results Our sample included 94 undergraduate health profession students, 60 % of which were females with a mean age of 21, and the majority were nursing and medicine students. High academic stress, anxiety, sleep disturbances, depressive symptoms, and resourcefulness were reported among 50.6 %, 43 %, 79.6 %, 60.2 %, and 60 % of the participants, respectively. However, no effect of resourcefulness was found on any of the study variables. Instead, academic stress and sleep disturbances were the strongest predictors of depressive symptoms regardless of the level of resourcefulness. Conclusion Adequate academic support during virtual learning and tools to early detect subtle signs of high academic stress, anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbance should be routinely utilized by educational institutions. In addition, incorporating sleep hygiene and resourcefulness training in health professions education is highly indicated.
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Mishra J, Samanta P, Panigrahi A, Dash K, Behera MR, Das R. Mental Health Status, Coping Strategies During Covid-19 Pandemic Among Undergraduate Students of Healthcare Profession. Int J Ment Health Addict 2023; 21:562-574. [PMID: 34393684 PMCID: PMC8354097 DOI: 10.1007/s11469-021-00611-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to assess the prevalence of psychological distress, associated lifestyle behaviors, and associated coping strategies among the students of healthcare profession. A total of 588 medical, dental, and nursing students studying in institutes of health sciences, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, India participated in this cross-sectional online survey during September-October, 2020. A semi-structured questionnaire, DASS-21questionnaire, and Brief COPE were used to collect relevant information. The proportion of students experiencing symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress was 26.2%, 27.7%, and 9.7%, respectively. Body mass index, presence of comorbidity, and soft drink consumption were significantly associated with psychological distress. Students experiencing psychological distress were applying emotion-focused coping behaviors (venting, acceptance, self-blame, substance use, religion) and avoidant coping behaviors (self-distraction, behavioral disengagement, denial). The prevalence of psychological distress among the students of health profession studying in KIIT University of Bhubaneswar during the period of Covid-19 pandemic is low and it can be further lowered by designing appropriate interventions incorporating healthy lifestyle behaviors and suitable coping strategies thereby ensuring sound mental health of these students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayanti Mishra
- grid.412122.60000 0004 1808 2016Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024 India
| | - Priyadarsini Samanta
- grid.412122.60000 0004 1808 2016Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024 India
| | - Ansuman Panigrahi
- grid.511811.d0000 0004 0504 7078ICMR-National Institute for Implementation Research on Non-Communicable Diseases, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342005 India
| | - Kulumina Dash
- grid.412122.60000 0004 1808 2016School of Public Health, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024 India
| | - Manas Ranjan Behera
- grid.412122.60000 0004 1808 2016School of Public Health, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024 India
| | - Ramachandra Das
- grid.412122.60000 0004 1808 2016Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024 India
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Grøsland M, Larsen VB, Reneflot A, Hart RK. The COVID-19 pandemic's impact on mental health care use among Norwegian students in higher education: a nation-wide register-based pre-post cohort study. BMC Health Serv Res 2022; 22:1506. [PMID: 36496405 PMCID: PMC9736720 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-022-08816-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic, and its associated social distancing measures, gave profound changes to the everyday and academic life of students in higher education. The current study is the first to use nation-wide data to evaluate the long-term effect of the pandemic and its countermeasures on university students' mental health care use. METHODS Using nation-wide individual-level data, we studied mental health consultations in primary care (data available from January 2017 to February 2022) and dispensed prescription drugs used to treat anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbances (data available from October 2018 to February 2021) for first-year undergraduate university students. We compared changes over time in mental health care use in a pandemic cohort (12,501 first-year students enrolled in 2019) to the same change in a pre-pandemic cohort (25,990 first-year students enrolled in 2017 and 2018). Event study and difference-in-difference models allowed us to separate the impact of the pandemic, experienced by the pandemic cohort only, from secular and seasonal changes experienced by all cohorts. RESULTS The percentage of students with a mental health consultation temporarily decreased during the first period of strict social distancing measures in March 2020. At the end of the second round with strict measures in April 2021, the level of mental health consultations increased by 73% (95% CI 40-106.3). There was also a 42% (95% CI 5.7-79.5) increase in mental health consultations in November 2021. No similar increases were observed for dispensed prescription drugs between March 2020 and February 2021. CONCLUSIONS The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with increases in mental health consultations in primary care among students, especially during/after longer periods of strict social distancing measures. The benefits of social distancing measures in future pandemic preparedness should be weighed against the cost of potentially worsening mental health in vulnerable groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Grøsland
- grid.418193.60000 0001 1541 4204Division for Health Services, Cluster for Health Services Research, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Postboks 222, Skøyen, 0213 Oslo, Norway
| | - Vilde Bergstad Larsen
- grid.418193.60000 0001 1541 4204Division for Health Services, Cluster for Health Services Research, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Postboks 222, Skøyen, 0213 Oslo, Norway
| | - Anne Reneflot
- grid.418193.60000 0001 1541 4204Department for Mental Health and Suicide, Division of Mental and Physical Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rannveig Kaldager Hart
- grid.418193.60000 0001 1541 4204Department for Health and Inequality and Centre for Evaluation of Public Health Measures, Division of Mental and Physical Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
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Knowledge, practice and attitude associated with SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant among adults in Jordan. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0278243. [PMID: 36477269 PMCID: PMC9728918 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 infection is a global pandemic health emergency. This contagious disease was caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus‑2 (SARS‑CoV-2) which is mutating over time. In 2021, the Delta variant became the most dominant transmissible form. During the crisis, human practice and knowledge were critical in the overall efforts to encompass the outbreak. A cross-sectional, web-based approach was conducted among adults in Jordan to quantify knowledge, attitude, and practices towards SARS-CoV-2 (Delta variant). This research was carried out between 15th April and 15th of May 2021. The study questionnaire consisted of four sections including the participant's demographics, knowledge, practices and attitude. Comparative evaluation of responses was accomplished using a scoring system. Respondents who scored above the mean score (60%) on the item measured were categorized as knowledgeable, having a positive attitude, and good practices. Participants were allocated to one of the three groups; medical, non-medical and others (unemployed and housewives). Data collected was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.0 software. A variance test to assess the statistical difference between groups was used. Pearson's chi-squared test was applied to compare the variables and identify significant predictors. Of the participants, 308 (66%) were in the age group of 18-25yrs, 392 (84.1%) females, 120 (25.8%) employed and 346 (74.2%) unemployed. The principle source of knowledge was social media (291, 62.4%). Interestingly, participants had adequate overall knowledge. The mean knowledge score was 22.6 (± 0.19), 20.6 (± 0.19), and 21.3 (± 0.18) for the medical, the non-medical and the others group, respectively. Also, participants showed a positive attitude and good practices towards SARS-CoV-2 (Delta variant). The mean practice score for medical, the non-medical and the others groups was 7.35 (± 0.25), 7.38 (± 0.24), 7.35 (± 0.24) and the mean attitude score was 10.8 (± 0.16), 9.4 (± 0.21), 9.5 (± 0.22), respectively. The studied groups generally had good knowledge, positive attitudes and good practices about SARS-CoV-2 (Delta variant). This was expected due to the authorities' successful management of the pandemic and the high educational level of the Jordanian society, bearing in mind the economic and social impact of COVID-19 disease.
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Ozturk FO, Tekkas-Kerman K. The effect of online laughter therapy on depression, anxiety, stress, and loneliness among nursing students during the Covid-19 pandemic. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2022; 41:271-276. [PMID: 36428060 PMCID: PMC9477613 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2022.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nursing students experienced mental symptoms when they switched to distance education due to the pandemic. AIMS This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of online laughter therapy sessions on depression, anxiety, stress, and loneliness levels in first-year nursing students. METHODS In this randomized controlled trial, 61 healthy nursing students were randomly assigned to intervention (n = 32) and control groups (n = 29). The intervention group received online laughter therapy twice weekly for four weeks. The control group received no intervention. The data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, and the De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale at the study initiation and week four in both groups. RESULTS There was no difference between the mean scores of the groups in the pre-test (p > 0.05). There was a statistically significant difference between groups in terms of depression after online laughter therapy sessions (p < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between anxiety, stress, and loneliness levels (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Online laughter therapy sessions significantly reduced depression but had no effect on anxiety, stress, and loneliness. During the COVID-19 pandemic, online laughter therapy can be organized to reduce depression levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Ozlem Ozturk
- Ankara University, Faculty of Nursing, Hacettepe Mahallesi Plevne Caddesi No:7, 06230 Altındağ, Ankara, Turkey.
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Raja S, Balasubramanian G, Jamuna Rani R. Prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress among private medical college students in South India: A cross-sectional study. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2022; 11:373. [PMID: 36618453 PMCID: PMC9818620 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_393_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medical education is competitive across the globe. The long duration of the medical and paramedical courses and exposure to clinical settings potentially causes mental health issues. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress among undergraduate students in a private medical college in South India. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted among paramedical and medical students at a private medical college hospital and research center in South India in the year 2021. The required sample size was calculated as 783 with an expected prevalence of 53%, 95% confidence interval (CI), design effect 2.0, and non-response of 10%. The study participants were selected based on simple random sampling. After obtaining informed consent, the data was collected using an email questionnaire. Standard data collection tools such as the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS); and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale - 21 (DASS-21) questionnaire were used. The investigator computed the odds ratio (OR) and adjusted odds ratio (aOR) with a 95% CI. RESULTS Out of 1200 students, 1015 (85%) responded to the email questionnaire. Among them, 639 were females (63%), and 925 were paramedics (91%). Prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress were 59%, 43% and 11%, respectively. Almost 95% of students experienced moderate-to-severe stress in the last one month. Prevalence was higher among females and students of medical courses. Students of final year of college (aOR = 2.0; 95% CI = 1.2-3.5) and students of medical course (aOR = 1.5; 95% CI = 1.1-2.4) were independently associated with stress among the study participants. CONCLUSION There is high prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress among medical college students in south India. The final year of study and medical course were independently associated with higher stress than others. We recommend periodic assessment of mental health status and additional mental health care for final year students and medical students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeetha Raja
- Departments of Pharmacology, SRM Medical College and Hospital and Research Center, Kattankulathur, Chengalpet District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gayathri Balasubramanian
- Department of Biochemistry, SRM Medical College and Hospital and Research Center, Kattankulathur, Chengalpet District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Jamuna Rani
- Departments of Pharmacology, SRM Medical College and Hospital and Research Center, Kattankulathur, Chengalpet District, Tamil Nadu, India
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Shoiab A, Khwaldeh A, Alsarhan A, Khashroum A, Alsheikh A, Ababneh S. Evaluation of Prevalence of Fatigue among Jordanian University Students and its Relation to COVID-19 Quarantine. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.10842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The novel coronavirus outbreak (COVID-19) presented an opportunity to conduct an online survey to research the psychological fatigue as a mental health issue among the students of Jadara University, Jordan.
AIM: This study aimed at assessing prevalence of fatigue in the student population of Jadara University (Irbid, Jordan) and its association with COVID-19 quarantine.
METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Jadara University during a period of 2 months, extending from March to May, 2020. Two-hundred students (43.8% males and 56.2% females) participated in the study and filled forms of the fatigue assessment scale.
RESULTS: Psychologically-tired students constituted 59.0% of the participants whereas the remainder participants were normal students. Moreover, statistically-significant differences in fatigue between students of the various academic years (p = 0.04) were found. The highest proportion of students suffering from fatigue was observed in the fourth-, and 5th-year students (21 out of 42 and 9 out of 18, respectively, [i.e., 50.0%, each]). The lowest proportion of students suffering from fatigue was that of the 1st-year students (29.0%). Significant differences in fatigue were also found between working and non-working students (p = 0.001), where all the non-working students (92; 100.0%) suffered from fatigue while most of the working students experienced no fatigue (82; 69.0% of the working students).
CONCLUSION: The current study adds to the growing body of knowledge available to policymakers and mental health practitioners throughout the world about the links between individual mental health and the COVİD-19 quarantine.
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Kaur MN, Tsangaris E, Dey T, Deibert S, Kueper J, Edelen M, Pusic AL. Using patient-reported outcome measures to assess psychological well-being in a non-representative US general population during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Patient Rep Outcomes 2022; 6:116. [PMID: 36394670 PMCID: PMC9672168 DOI: 10.1186/s41687-022-00526-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on psychological well-being will likely be long-lasting. Efforts directed towards monitoring the onset and progression of distress and mental health disorders are needed to identify and prioritize at-risk populations. This study assesses the psychological well-being of the United States (US) general population during the early phase of the COVID-19 COVID-19 pandemic using validated patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). METHODS A cross-sectional study design was used. Adults (18 years or older) who could read and write in English were recruited through Prolific in May 2020. Participants completed a REDCap survey including demographic and health-related questions and three PROMs measuring global health (PROMIS-10 Global Health), anxiety [Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7 (GAD-7)], and depression [Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9)]. A multivariable linear regression was used to identify key factors associated with worse psychological well-being. RESULTS Mean age of the 2023 participants was 31.92 ± 11.57 years (range, 18-82). Participants were mainly White (64.7%, n = 1309), female (52.2%, n = 1057), working full-time before the pandemic (43.5%, n = 879), and completed a college, trade, or university degree (40.7%, n = 823). Most participants reported mild to severe anxiety (57.3%, n = 1158) and depression (60%, n = 1276) on the GAD-7 and PHQ-9, respectively. Patient characteristics associated with worse psychological well-being included: age ≤ 39 years, non-White, female or gender diverse, BMI ≥ 30, uninsured, annual income ≤ $49,999 (USD), lower educational attainment, and belief that COVID-19 is deadlier than flu. CONCLUSION PROMs can be used to assess and monitor psychological well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic and to inform the planning and delivery of targeted public health interventions to support at-risk populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manraj N. Kaur
- grid.62560.370000 0004 0378 8294Department of Surgery, Patient-Reported Outcomes, Value and Experience (PROVE) Center, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Elena Tsangaris
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XBrigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Tanujit Dey
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XCenter for Surgery and Public Health, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Shelby Deibert
- grid.25073.330000 0004 1936 8227McMaster University, 1280 Main Street W, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1 Canada
| | - Janina Kueper
- grid.62560.370000 0004 0378 8294Department of Surgery, Patient-Reported Outcomes, Value and Experience (PROVE) Center, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Maria Edelen
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XBrigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Andrea L. Pusic
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XBrigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115 USA
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Hung MSY, Ng WWM, Choi EKY. The Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Hong Kong Nursing Students' Mental Health and Quality of Life. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15117. [PMID: 36429837 PMCID: PMC9690710 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192215117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Evidence shows that university students, especially healthcare students, experienced considerable health impacts during COVID-19. This study examined Hong Kong general nursing students' mental health and quality of life during the COVID-19 pandemic. An online questionnaire composed of personal demographics, the Fear of COVID-19 scale (FCV-19S), the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale short version (DASS21), and the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) was used for data collection in early 2021. Among 380 respondents, 170 (45%) did not attend clinical practicum during the pandemic. Students who did not participate in clinical training scored lower in FCV-19S but higher in WHOQOL-BREF than those who participated (p = 0.001 or p < 0.001). FCV-19S and WHOQOL-BREF were negatively correlated (r = -0.623 to -0.446, p < 0.001). Slight negative correlations were found between the FCV-19S and DASS-21 scores. Although there were no significant differences in DASS21 (p = 0.294-0.931) between these two student groups, there was a considerably high prevalence rate of depression (57.1%), anxiety (47.6%), and stress (39.5%). Hong Kong nursing students, especially those who attended clinical practicum during the pandemic, experienced substantial emotional and quality of life implications. Local universities are recommended to organize appropriate interventions to prepare and support nursing students' wellbeing and health in coping with future disasters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Shuk Yu Hung
- School of Health Sciences, Caritas Institute of Higher Education, Hong Kong, China
| | - Winnie Wing Man Ng
- Division of Science, Engineering and Health Studies, College of Professional and Continuing Education, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Edward Kwok Yiu Choi
- Chinese Language Education and Assessment Centre, Lingnan University, Hong Kong, China
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Abu Alhommos AK, AlSaad BA, AlRamadan HS, AlAlwan IA, Butayban LS, AlHamad RA, AlSalman ZA, El Hassan ELW. Knowledge of COVID-19 and Its Treatment Among Healthcare Worker in Al-Ahsa Region of Saudi Arabia. J Multidiscip Healthc 2022; 15:2481-2492. [PMID: 36329926 PMCID: PMC9624203 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s382706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To find out how well healthcare workers (HCWs) in Saudi Arabia's eastern region knew about the novel coronavirus illness 2019 (COVID-19) in terms of its symptoms, transmission, and treatment. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study conducted in the Saudi Arabian region of Al-Ahsa. Between December 2020 and March 2021, a questionnaire was distributed in the main hospitals in the eastern region: King Fahad Hospital, Prince Saud Bin Jalawi Hospital, Prince Sultan Cardiac Center, and Maternity and Children's Hospital. Participants' knowledge of COVID-19 symptoms, transmission, and treatment was assessed using our developed questionnaire tool. The Student's t-test/ANOVA test was used to compare the mean knowledge scores of different demographic groups. RESULTS A total of 300 HCWs participated in this study. Our study sample's mean knowledge score was 6.9 (SD = 2.1) out of 13 (53.1%), indicating a marginal degree of understanding. The duration of practice had a significant effect on the participants' knowledge of COVID-19. Senior and non-Saudi HCWs had a higher knowledge score than the rest of the groups (p ≤ 0.05). The majority of the participants were able to identify that COVID-19 is transmitted from human to human through respiratory droplets, populations at higher risk of developing severe complications, populations needing screening for COVID-19, main clinical symptoms of COVID-19, and were following the WHO guidelines for the treatment of COVID-19. CONCLUSION According to our findings, HCWs only had marginal knowledge about the symptoms, transmission, and treatment of COVID-19. As our findings represent early investigation at the start of the pandemic, more research is needed to evaluate the degree of information gathered two years after the outbreak began. Furthermore, future research should identify knowledge gaps in the targeted population of HCWs and provide strategies to address them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Khaleel Abu Alhommos
- Pharmacy Practice Department, Clinical Pharmacy College, King Faisal University, Alhasa, Saudi Arabia,Correspondence: Amal Khaleel Abu Alhommos, Pharmacy Practice Department, Clinical Pharmacy College, King Faisal University, Alhasa, Saudi Arabia, Tel +966596150032, Email
| | - Bayan Ahmed AlSaad
- Pharmacy Practice Department, Clinical Pharmacy College, King Faisal University, Alhasa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hebah Saleh AlRamadan
- Pharmacy Practice Department, Clinical Pharmacy College, King Faisal University, Alhasa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Inass Ahmed AlAlwan
- Pharmacy Practice Department, Clinical Pharmacy College, King Faisal University, Alhasa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Layla Saleh Butayban
- Pharmacy Practice Department, Clinical Pharmacy College, King Faisal University, Alhasa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ruqaeya Abdullah AlHamad
- Pharmacy Practice Department, Clinical Pharmacy College, King Faisal University, Alhasa, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - E L Walid El Hassan
- Pharmacy Practice Department, Clinical Pharmacy College, King Faisal University, Alhasa, Saudi Arabia
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Lee KW, Yap SF, Ong HT, Pheh KS, Lye MS. Anxiety and coping strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study of staff and students from a tertiary education center in Malaysia. Front Public Health 2022; 10:936486. [PMID: 36276401 PMCID: PMC9583838 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.936486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim We examined the anxiety levels and coping strategies among staff and students of a tertiary educational institution during the COVID-19 pandemic and determined the association between anxiety level and coping strategies. Method Through an online survey, we used Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS) to measure the level of anxiety associated with the COVID-19 crisis and Brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced (COPE) to assess the coping responses adopted to handle stressful life events. Coping strategies were classified as adaptive and maladaptive, for which the aggregate sores were calculated. Multiple linear regression was used to determine the predictors of anxiety adjusted for potentially confounding variables. Results from 434 participants were available for analysis. Results The mean score (SD) of the CAS was 1.1 (1.8). The mean scores of adaptive and maladaptive coping strategies were 35.69 and 19.28, respectively. Multiple linear regression revealed that maladaptive coping [Adjusted B coefficient = 4.106, p-value < 0.001] and presence of comorbidities [Adjusted B coefficient = 1.376, p-value = 0.025] significantly predicted anxiety. Conclusion Maladaptive coping and presence of comorbidities were the predictors of coronavirus anxiety. The apparent lack of anxiety in relation to COVID-19 and movement restriction is reflective of the reported high level of satisfaction with the support and services provided during the COVID-19 outbreak in Malaysia. Adaptive coping strategies were adopted more frequently than maladaptive. Nevertheless, public education on positive coping strategies and anxiety management may be still be relevant to provide mental health support to address the needs of the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wei Lee
- Department of Pre-Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia,Centre for Research on Communicable Diseases, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kajang, Malaysia
| | - Sook Fan Yap
- Department of Pre-Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia,Centre for Research on Communicable Diseases, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kajang, Malaysia,*Correspondence: Sook Fan Yap
| | - Hooi Tin Ong
- Department of Pre-Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kai Shuen Pheh
- Department of Psychology and Counselling, Faculty of Arts and Social Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Munn Sann Lye
- Department of Population Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kajang, Malaysia
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Aliyi AA, Ketaro MK, Engida ZT, Argaw AM, Muhammed AH, Hassen MM, Abduletif AM, Shiferaw DS, Wodera AL, Ayene SH, Esmael JK, Etu ES. Risk perception, community myth, and practices towards COVID-19 pandemic in Southeast Ethiopia: Community based crossectional study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0275331. [PMID: 36190988 PMCID: PMC9529088 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to assess risk perception, community myths, and preventive practice towards COVID-19 among community in Southeast Ethiopia, 2020. METHODS Community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 854 participants selected using a multistage sampling technique. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire adapted from previous literature. Descriptive statistics were done to summarize the variables. A generalized linear model with binary logistic specification was used to identify factors associated with risk perception and practice. Accordingly adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated and those with p-value < 0.05 were considered as significant factors associated with risk perception and practice. Cluster analysis using a linear mixed model was performed to identify factors associated with community myth and those with p-value <0.05 were reported as significant factors associated with community myth. RESULTS All 854 respondents gave their answer yielding 100% response rate. Of these 547 (64.1%) were male, 611 (71.5%) were rural residents, 534 (62.5%) got information about COVID-19 from TV/radio, 591 (69.2%) of them live near health facility, 265 (30.8%) have a history of substance use and 100 (11.7%) have a history of chronic illness, and 415 (48.6%) of them have a high-risk perception, 428 (50.1%) have a wrong myth about COVID-19 and 366 (42.9%) have poor practice respectively. Residence, distances from health facility and myths were significantly associated with risk perception. Occupation, knowledge, and practice were significantly associated with community myths. Also level of education, living near health facilities, having good knowledge and wrong myth were significantly associated with the practice of utilizing COVID-19 preventive respectively. CONCLUSION The study found high-risk perception, high wrong community myth, and relatively low utilization of available practices towards COVID-19 and factors associated with them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmednur Adem Aliyi
- Department of Public Health, School of Health Science, Goba Referral Hospital, Madda Walabu University, Goba, Ethiopia
- * E-mail:
| | - Musa Kumbi Ketaro
- Department of Public Health, School of Health Science, Goba Referral Hospital, Madda Walabu University, Goba, Ethiopia
| | - Zinash Teferu Engida
- Department of Public Health, School of Health Science, Goba Referral Hospital, Madda Walabu University, Goba, Ethiopia
| | - Ayele Mamo Argaw
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Science, Goba Referral Hospital, Madda Walabu University, Goba, Ethiopia
| | - Abduljewad Hussen Muhammed
- Department of Public Health, School of Health Science, Goba Referral Hospital, Madda Walabu University, Goba, Ethiopia
| | - Mesud Mohammed Hassen
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Science, Goba Referral Hospital, Madda Walabu University, Goba, Ethiopia
| | | | - Damtow Solomon Shiferaw
- Department of Anatomy, School of Health Science, Goba Referral Hospital, Madda Walabu University, Goba, Ethiopia
| | - Abate Lette Wodera
- Department of Public Health, School of Health Science, Goba Referral Hospital, Madda Walabu University, Goba, Ethiopia
| | - Sintayehu Hailu Ayene
- Department of Public Health, School of Health Science, Goba Referral Hospital, Madda Walabu University, Goba, Ethiopia
| | - Jeylan Kassim Esmael
- Department of Public Health, School of Health Science, Goba Referral Hospital, Madda Walabu University, Goba, Ethiopia
| | - Edao Sinba Etu
- Department of Public Health, School of Health Science, Goba Referral Hospital, Madda Walabu University, Goba, Ethiopia
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Baetens I, Vanderfaeillie J, Soyez V, Vantilborgh T, Van Den Meersschaut J, Schotte C, Theuns P. Subjective wellbeing and psychological symptoms of university students during the COVID-19 pandemic: Results of a structured telephone interview in a large sample of university students. Front Psychol 2022; 13:889503. [PMID: 36186281 PMCID: PMC9521619 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.889503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
University students are at elevated risk for psychological distress, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this study was to warmly contact our students and investigate the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the subjective wellbeing (SWB) and levels of psychological symptoms (such as depressive and anxious feelings) of university students in Belgium. All bachelor and master students of the Vrije Universiteit Brussels (N = 15,475) were invited for a brief structured telephone interview in March, 2021. In total, 7,154 students were assessed by a structured interview, based on the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6) and the Anamnestic Comparative Self-Assessment (ACSA). Compared to a representative sample, students considered their life during the pandemic as less satisfying compared to their life before the pandemic. Overall, all students have suffered from COVID-19 and the measures taken to contain the pandemic. Twenty percent of our sample of 7,154 VUB students scored above the K6 cutoff, indicating a heightened risk for having a diagnosable mental illness severe enough to cause functional limitations and to require treatment. This study highlights the need for psychological support for all students, during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Kralova M, Brazinova A, Sivcova V, Izakova L. Mental health of the Slovak population during COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional survey. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:8880-8892. [PMID: 36157674 PMCID: PMC9477032 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i25.8880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Population’s mental health surveillance is essential for knowing the distribution of mental well-being and mental disorders in the society. This allows for the establishment, evaluation, and revision of preventive measures and curative services. The results of such monitoring should serve as a database for evidence-based mental health policy. Mental disorders are among the top ten causes of burden globally and crisis situations such as the pandemic increase the risk of mental health problems, as they cause constant fear of contagion and the implementation of restrictive measures. The impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the general population of the Slovak Republic has not yet been studied. The hypothesis was that more than one fifth of the population (women to a greater extent) will have symptoms of anxiety and depression.
AIM To assess the mental health of the general Slovak population aged 15 years and older in the summer of 2021 by determining the prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms.
METHODS An anonymous cross-sectional survey was implemented in a sample of 1501 respondents in the summer of 2021 during the COVID-19 pandemic. The inclusion criteria were age of 15 years and older and ability to complete the survey questionnaire online or in a face-to-face interview. The survey assessed anxiety symptoms by the seven-item general anxiety disorder and depressive symptoms by the nine-item patient health questionnaire instruments. Recognized cut-off scores of 10 or greater were used for both.
RESULTS Anxiety symptoms were present in 19.32% and depression in 24.65% of the sample. Symptoms of both disorders were more common in females: 15.00% of males and 24.00% of females experienced anxiety symptoms, and 19.00% of males and 30.00% of females experienced symptoms of depression. Symptoms of both disorders were the most common in the youngest age group (15-25 years old): One fifth of males (20.29%) and one third of females (35.32%) had symptoms of anxiety, and 26.09% males and 43.79% females had symptoms of depression. Mean score for anxiety was 5.44 [standard deviations (SD) = 4.96] for the overall sample, 6.15 (SD = 5.14) for females, and 4.67 (SD = 4.63) for males. The youngest females of the 15-25 years age group had the highest score (7.55, SD = 5.27) among all age groups, for both sexes. Mean score for depression was 6.74 for the overall sample (SD = 5.75), 7.43 for females (SD = 5.87), and 5.99 (SD = 5.52) for males. The highest depression score was observed in the youngest females of the 15-25 years age group (9.34, SD = 6.07). We found a significant association between anxiety or depressive symptoms and younger age [odds ratio (OR): 1.69, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.16-2.45 and OR: 1.65, 95%CI: 1.17-2.34, respectively], being female (OR: 1.86, 95%CI: 1.42-2.42 and OR: 1.76, 95%CI: 0.20-0.29, respectively), and having primary education (OR: 1.66, 95%CI: 1.08-2.54 and OR: 1.65, 95%CI: 1.16-2.63, respectively).
CONCLUSION Results of our study indicate that anxiety and depression are frequent in the Slovak Republic during the COVID-19 pandemic. This important observation should serve as an information basis for the development of effective mental health policies, consisting of preventive programs, and early detection and effective treatment services. The study results provide strong argument for the necessity of mental health reform that is currently being shaped in the Slovak Republic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Kralova
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine Comenius University and University Hospital Bratislava, Bratislava 81369, Slovakia
| | - Alexandra Brazinova
- Institute of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine Comenius University Bratislava, Bratislava 81372, Slovakia
| | - Veronika Sivcova
- Institute of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine Comenius University Bratislava, Bratislava 81372, Slovakia
| | - Lubomira Izakova
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine Comenius University and University Hospital Bratislava, Bratislava 81369, Slovakia
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Vinod A, Kaimal RS. A cross sectional study to assess the psychological impact of covid 19 on family medicine specialists and residents in Kerala. J Family Med Prim Care 2022; 11:5055-5059. [PMID: 36505556 PMCID: PMC9731038 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_515_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To study the psychological impacts of COVID-19 on family physicians and residents in Kerala. Objectives 1. To evaluate mental health outcomes among family physicians and residents in Kerala involved in the COVID-19 response. 2. To quantify the symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress. 3. To assess the potential risk factors associated with the symptoms of anxiety, depression, or stress. Background Health care professionals dealing with COVID-19 are under increased work pressure and experience high rates of anxiety and depression. This is even more in family physicians as they are the frontline workers and may contract the disease themselves. So, it is imperative to assess and grade the psychological impact of COVID-19 on family physicians. Methodology The study population included 80% of the family physicians and residents working in Kerala. This is a cross-sectional survey conducted in the month of January 2021 with the help of a predesigned and pretested questionnaire. Sample size: 120. Depression and anxiety were measured using a 14-item Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS: 0-21). Stress was computed using Perceived Stress Scale. The data were analyzed statistically by Chi-square and simple proportions. Results A total of 80% were directly involved in treating/dealing COVID-19 patients. A total of 55.83% had an economic impact due to COVID-19. A total of 95% agreed to be anxious about spreading the disease to people at home. The increased stress was mostly attributed to change in social habits/lifestyles. Residents had a higher PSS score compared to temporary and permanent employees. Compared to other age groups, borderline or abnormal depression scale was seen in the age group of 31-40 years and 21-30 years. Compared to males, more proportion of females had anxiety and depression scores. Conclusions It is imperative that we evaluate the psychological impact of COVID-19 on family physicians in order to ensure their mental wellbeing and better productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuna Vinod
- Department of Family Medicine, Lourdes Hospital, Kochi, Kerala, India,Address for correspondence: Dr. Anuna Vinod, Department of Family Medicine, Lourdes Hospital, Kochi - 682 012, Kerala, India. E-mail:
| | - Resmi S. Kaimal
- Department of Family Medicine, Lourdes Hospital, Kochi, Kerala, India
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Dommaraju SR, Rivera SG, Rocha EG, Bicknell S, Loizzo D, Mohammad A, Rajan P, Seballos A, Datta A, Ahmed R, Krishnan JA, Keehn MT. Health professional students at the University of Illinois Chicago (HOLISTIC) Cohort Study: A protocol. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0269964. [PMID: 36040905 PMCID: PMC9426903 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objectives of the HOLISTIC Cohort Study are to establish a prospective cohort study covering a period of three years that characterizes the health of students within and across health professional education programs at the University of Illinois Chicago (UIC) during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, implement an interprofessional student research team, and generate a meaningful dataset that is used to inform initiatives that improve student health. This report describes the protocol of the HOLISTIC Cohort Study, including survey development, recruitment strategy, and data management and analysis. METHODS An interprofessional student research team has been organized with the goal of providing continuous assessment of study design and implementation across the seven health science colleges (applied health sciences, dentistry, medicine, nursing, pharmacy, public health, and social work) at the University of Illinois Chicago in Chicago, IL. To be eligible to participate in the HOLISTIC Cohort Study, students are required to be 1) age 18 years or older; 2) enrolled full- or part-time in one or more of UIC's seven health science colleges; and 3) enrolled in a program that prepares its graduates to enter a healthcare profession. The study protocol includes a series of three recruitment waves (Spring 2021 [April 14, 2021, to May 5, 2021; completed], Spring 2022, Spring 2023). In the first recruitment wave, eligible students were sent an invitation via electronic mail (e-mail) to complete an online survey. The online survey was based on the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System 2019 survey and the 2014 World Health Organization Report of the Strategic Advisory Group of Experts Working Group Vaccine Hesitancy Scale. Electronic informed consent and study data are collected and managed using Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) tools. This study utilizes convenience sampling from all seven health science colleges at UIC with a target recruitment total of 2,000 participants. DISCUSSION AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS A total of 555 students across all seven health science colleges (10.8% of 5,118 students who were invited; 27.6% of target sample size) enrolled in the cohort during the first recruitment wave. The pilot data establishes the feasibility of the study during the COVID-19 pandemic. Adaptations to overcome barriers to study implementation, including the use of remote, rather than in-person, study meetings, staff training, and participant recruitment are discussed. For the second and third waves of recruitment, the student research team will seek institutional review board (IRB) approval to implement additional enrollment strategies that are tailored to each health science college, such as online newsletters, virtual townhalls, flyers on bulletin boards near classrooms tailored to each health science college.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil R. Dommaraju
- College of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Stephanie Gordon Rivera
- School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Ethan G. Rocha
- College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Scott Bicknell
- College of Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Daniel Loizzo
- College of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Ayesha Mohammad
- College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Priya Rajan
- College of Nursing, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Alexandria Seballos
- College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Avisek Datta
- School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Rashid Ahmed
- School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Jerry A. Krishnan
- College of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Population Health Sciences Program, Office of the Vice Chancellor for Health Affairs, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Mary T. Keehn
- College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Interprofessional Practice and Education, Office of the Vice Chancellor for Health Affairs, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
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50
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University Students' Risk Perception, Protective Measures, and General Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Turkey. Disaster Med Public Health Prep 2022; 17:e267. [PMID: 35993486 PMCID: PMC9530369 DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2022.216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate university students' risk perception, protective measures, and general health during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Turkey. METHODS The research sample consisted of 1920 university students. The data were collected through an online questionnaire. RESULTS A total of 56.6% of the students considered their risk of being infected with the COVID-19. The number of measures taken by students was lower than expected. Students' increased anxiety perceived individual risk level, insufficient social support perceptions, and their perceptions of the current pandemic more serious than previous epidemics affect the number of measures they take. Students had sleep and study problems, and suicidal thoughts in the social isolation period. Sex, studying in medicine, anxiety related to COVID-19, feeling unconfident in coping with the pandemic, social support, were determined to be risk factors regarding general health, sleep and study problems, and suicidal thoughts. CONCLUSIONS The results of the study showed that the measures taken by university students were insufficient and the precautions were affected by many factors. It was determined that their health was adversely affected by the pandemic. University administrations and decision-makers should consider the risk factors to improve the students' experiences in such pandemics and emergencies.
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