1
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Beal KM, Bandara KR, Ali SR, Sonak RG, Barnes MR, Scarcelli JJ, Zhang L. The impact of expression vector position on transgene transcription allows for rational expression vector design in a targeted integration system. Biotechnol J 2023; 18:e2300038. [PMID: 37272404 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202300038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Site-specific integration (SSI) technology has emerged as an effective approach by the pharmaceutical industry for the development of recombinant Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell lines. While SSI systems have been demonstrated to be effective for the development of CHO cell lines, they can be limiting in terms of both transgene expression and in the case of multi-specifics, the ability to generate the correct product of interest. To maximize the performance of Pfizer's dual SSI expression system for expressing monoclonal and multi-specific antibodies, we used a novel approach to investigate the positional effect of transgenes within expression vectors by engineering nucleotide polymorphisms (NP)s to use as biomarkers to track the level of transcript output from each expression vector position. We observed differences in transcript level for two different transgenes across all four expression vector positions interrogated. We then applied these learnings to rationally design expression vectors for six different mAbs and a multi-specific antibody. We showed enhanced productivity and optimal product quality when compared to a conventional expression vector topology. The learnings gained here can potentially aid in the determination of optimal vector topologies for several IgG-like multi-specific formats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn M Beal
- Cell Line Development, Bioprocess R&D, Biotherapeutics Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer Inc., Andover, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kalpanie R Bandara
- Cell Line Development, Bioprocess R&D, Biotherapeutics Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer Inc., Andover, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Syed R Ali
- Cell Line Development, Bioprocess R&D, Biotherapeutics Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer Inc., Andover, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Renuka G Sonak
- Cell Line Development, Bioprocess R&D, Biotherapeutics Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer Inc., Andover, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michael R Barnes
- Cell Line Development, Bioprocess R&D, Biotherapeutics Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer Inc., Andover, Massachusetts, USA
| | - John J Scarcelli
- Cell Line Development, Bioprocess R&D, Biotherapeutics Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer Inc., Andover, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lin Zhang
- Cell Line Development, Bioprocess R&D, Biotherapeutics Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer Inc., Andover, Massachusetts, USA
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2
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Toporova VA, Argentova VV, Aliev TK, Panina AA, Dolgikh DA, Kirpichnikov MP. Optimization of recombinant antibody production based on the vector design and the level of metabolites for generation of Ig- producing stable cell lines. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2023; 21:23. [PMID: 36811683 PMCID: PMC9947203 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-023-00474-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The biopharmaceutical industry is significantly growing worldwide, and the Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells are used as a main expression host for the production of recombinant monoclonal antibodies. Various metabolic engineering approaches have been investigated to generate cell lines with improved metabolic characteristics for increasing longevity and mAb production. A novel cell culture method based on the 2-stage selection makes it possible to develop a stable cell line with high-quality mAb production. RESULTS We have constructed several design options of mammalian expression vectors for the high production of recombinant human IgG antibodies. Versions for bipromoter and bicistronic expression plasmids different in promoter orientation and cistron arrangements were generated. The aim of the work presented here was to assess a high-throughput mAb production system that integrates the advantages of high-efficiency cloning and stable cell clones to stage strategy selection reducing the time and effort required to express therapeutic monoclonal mAbs. Development of a stable cell line using bicistronic construct with EMCV IRES-long link gave an advantage in high mAb expression and long-term stability. Two-stage selection strategies allowed the elimination of low-producer clones by using metabolic level intensity to estimate the IgG production in the early steps of selection. The practical application of the new method allows to reduce time and costs during stable cell line development.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. A. Toporova
- grid.418853.30000 0004 0440 1573Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya ul. 16/10, GSP-7, Moscow, 117997 Russia
| | - V. V. Argentova
- grid.14476.300000 0001 2342 9668Department of Bioengineering, Biology Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye gory 1-12, Moscow, 119234 Russia
| | - T. K. Aliev
- grid.14476.300000 0001 2342 9668Department of Chemical Enzymology, School of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye gory 1–3, Moscow, 119234 Russia
| | - A. A. Panina
- grid.418853.30000 0004 0440 1573Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya ul. 16/10, GSP-7, Moscow, 117997 Russia
| | - D. A. Dolgikh
- grid.418853.30000 0004 0440 1573Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya ul. 16/10, GSP-7, Moscow, 117997 Russia ,grid.14476.300000 0001 2342 9668Department of Bioengineering, Biology Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye gory 1-12, Moscow, 119234 Russia
| | - M. P. Kirpichnikov
- grid.418853.30000 0004 0440 1573Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya ul. 16/10, GSP-7, Moscow, 117997 Russia ,grid.14476.300000 0001 2342 9668Department of Bioengineering, Biology Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye gory 1-12, Moscow, 119234 Russia
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3
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Yang Y, Li Z, Li Q, Ma K, Lin Y, Feng H, Wang T. Increase recombinant antibody yields through optimizing vector design and production process in CHO cells. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:4963-4975. [PMID: 35788878 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-12051-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells are the most commonly used host cells for the production of recombinant monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) due to their several advantages. Although the yields of recombinant mAbs can be greatly increased by some strategies, such as medium formulation, culture conditions, and cell engineering, most studies focused on either upstream design or downstream processes. In the present study, we first expressed recombinant adalimumab through combination of the vector design and production process optimization in CHO cells. Bicistronic vector, monocistronic vector, and dual promoter vector were constructed, and the production process was optimized using low-temperature and fed-batch culture. The results showed that the dual promoter vector exhibited the highest yield under the transient and stable transfected cells among three different vector systems in CHO cells. In addition, low-temperature and fed-batch culture could further improve the yields of adalimumab. The purified antibody displayed tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) binding activity. In conclusion, combination of expression vector design and production process optimization can achieve higher expression of recombinant mAbs in CHO cells. KEY POINTS: • The dual promoter vector is more effective for expressing recombinant antibodies. • The yields of antibodies are related to the LC chain expression level. • Low-temperature and feed addition can promote antibody production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxiao Yang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Henan International Joint Laboratory of Recombinant Pharmaceutical Protein Expression System, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Zhengmei Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Henan International Joint Laboratory of Recombinant Pharmaceutical Protein Expression System, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Qin Li
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Recombinant Pharmaceutical Protein Expression System, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Kai Ma
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Recombinant Pharmaceutical Protein Expression System, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Yan Lin
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Recombinant Pharmaceutical Protein Expression System, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Huigen Feng
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.
| | - Tianyun Wang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Recombinant Pharmaceutical Protein Expression System, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China.
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4
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Zhang JH, Shan LL, Liang F, Du CY, Li JJ. Strategies and Considerations for Improving Recombinant Antibody Production and Quality in Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:856049. [PMID: 35316944 PMCID: PMC8934426 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.856049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Recombinant antibodies are rapidly developing therapeutic agents; approximately 40 novel antibody molecules enter clinical trials each year, most of which are produced from Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. However, one of the major bottlenecks restricting the development of antibody drugs is how to perform high-level expression and production of recombinant antibodies. The high-efficiency expression and quality of recombinant antibodies in CHO cells is determined by multiple factors. This review provides a comprehensive overview of several state-of-the-art approaches, such as optimization of gene sequence of antibody, construction and optimization of high-efficiency expression vector, using antibody expression system, transformation of host cell lines, and glycosylation modification. Finally, the authors discuss the potential of large-scale production of recombinant antibodies and development of culture processes for biopharmaceutical manufacturing in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-He Zhang
- Institutes of Health Central Plains, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Recombinant Pharmaceutical Protein Expression System, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- *Correspondence: Jun-He Zhang,
| | - Lin-Lin Shan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Fan Liang
- Institutes of Health Central Plains, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Chen-Yang Du
- Institutes of Health Central Plains, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jing-Jing Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
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5
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Guo C, Chen F, Xiao Q, Catterall HB, Robinson JH, Wang Z, Mock M, Hubert R. Expression liabilities in a four-chain bispecific molecule. Biotechnol Bioeng 2021; 118:3744-3759. [PMID: 34110008 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Multispecific antibodies, often composed of three to five polypeptide chains, have become increasingly relevant in the development of biotherapeutics. These molecules have mechanisms of action that include redirecting T cells to tumors and blocking multiple pathogenic mediators simultaneously. One of the major challenges for asymmetric multispecific antibodies is generating a high proportion of the correctly paired antibody during production. To understand the causes and effects of chain mispairing impurities in a difficult to express multispecific hetero-IgG, we investigated consequences of individual and pairwise chain expression in mammalian transient expression hosts. We found that one of the two light chains (LC) was not secretion competent when transfected individually or cotransfected with the noncognate heavy chain (HC). Overexpression of this secretion impaired LC reduced cell growth while inducing endoplasmic reticulum stress and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) expression. The majority of this LC was observed as monomer with incomplete intrachain disulfide bonds when expressed individually. Russell bodies (RB) were induced when this LC was co-expressed with the cognate HC. Moreover, one HC paired promiscuously with noncognate LC. These results identify the causes for the low product quality observed from stable cell lines expressing this heteroIgG and suggest mitigation strategies to improve overall process productivity of the correctly paired multispecific antibody. The approach described here provides a general strategy for identifying the molecular and cellular liabilities associated with difficult to express multispecific antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai Guo
- Department of Therapeutic Discovery, Amgen Research, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California, USA
| | - Fuyi Chen
- Department of Therapeutic Discovery, Amgen Research, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California, USA
| | - Qiang Xiao
- Department of Therapeutic Discovery, Amgen Research, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California, USA
| | - Hannah B Catterall
- Department of Therapeutic Discovery, Amgen Research, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California, USA
| | - John H Robinson
- Department of Therapeutic Discovery, Amgen Research, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California, USA
| | - Zhulun Wang
- Department of Therapeutic Discovery, Amgen Research, Amgen Inc., San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Marissa Mock
- Department of Therapeutic Discovery, Amgen Research, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California, USA
| | - René Hubert
- Department of Therapeutic Discovery, Amgen Research, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California, USA
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6
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Mizote Y, Masumi-Koizumi K, Katsuda T, Yamaji H. Production of an antibody Fab fragment using 2A peptide in insect cells. J Biosci Bioeng 2020; 130:205-211. [PMID: 32284303 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2020.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Antibody Fab fragments consist of heavy chain (Hc) and light chain (Lc) polypeptides assembled with a disulphide bond. The production of a recombinant Fab fragment requires the simultaneous expression of two genes encoding both an Hc and an Lc in the same host cell. In the present study, we investigated the production of Fab fragments in lepidopteran insect cells using a bicistronic plasmid vector carrying the Hc and Lc genes linked with a 2A self-cleaving peptide sequence from the porcine teschovirus-1. We also examined the arrangement of a GSG spacer sequence and a furin cleavage site sequence with the 2A sequence. Western blot analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) of culture supernatants showed that Trichoplusia ni BTI-TN-5B1-4 (High Five) cells transfected with a plasmid in which the Hc and Lc genes were joined by the 2A sequence successfully secreted Fab fragments with antigen-binding activity after self-cleavage of the 2A peptide. The GSG linker enhanced 2A cleavage efficiency, and the furin recognition site was useful for removal of 2A residues from the Hc. Transfection with a single plasmid that contained sequences for GSG, the furin cleavage site, GSG, and the 2A peptide between the Hc and Lc genes exhibited a higher productivity than co-transfection with a set of plasmids separately carrying the Hc or Lc gene. These results demonstrate that bicistronic expression with the appropriate combination of a furin recognition site, GSG linkers, and a 2A peptide may be an effective way to efficiently produce recombinant antibody molecules in insect cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Mizote
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Kyoko Masumi-Koizumi
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan; Manufacturing Technology Association of Biologics, c/o Integrated Research Center of Kobe University, 7-1-49 Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Katsuda
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan; Manufacturing Technology Association of Biologics, c/o Integrated Research Center of Kobe University, 7-1-49 Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Hideki Yamaji
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan; Manufacturing Technology Association of Biologics, c/o Integrated Research Center of Kobe University, 7-1-49 Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0047, Japan.
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7
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A platform for context-specific genetic engineering of recombinant protein production by CHO cells. J Biotechnol 2020; 312:11-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2020.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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8
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Gupta K, Parasnis M, Jain R, Dandekar P. Vector-related stratagems for enhanced monoclonal antibody production in mammalian cells. Biotechnol Adv 2019; 37:107415. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.107415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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9
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Early integration of Design of Experiment (DOE) and multivariate statistics identifies feeding regimens suitable for CHO cell line development and screening. Cytotechnology 2019; 71:1137-1153. [PMID: 31705334 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-019-00350-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cell lines, the establishment of the ideal fed-batch regimen promotes metabolic conditions advantageous for the bioproduction of therapeutic molecules. A tailored, cell line-specific feeding scheme is typically defined during process development (PD) activities, through the incorporation of Design of Experiment (DOE) and late stage cell culture approaches. The feeding during early stage cell line development (CLD) was a simplified "one-fits-all" design, inherited from PD lab, that didn't account for CLD needs of throughput and streamlined workflow. The "one-fits-all" efficiency was not routinely verified when novel technologies were incorporated in CLD and sub-optimal feeding carried the risk of not selecting the most desirable cell lines amenable to late stage PD. In our work we developed the DOE-feed method; a streamlined, three-stages framework for identifying efficient feeding schemes as the CLD technologies evolved. We combined early stage cell culture input data with late-stage techniques, such as statistical modelling, principal component analysis (PCA), DOE and Prediction Profiler. Novel in our DOE-feed work, we deliberately anticipated the application of statistics and approached the method development as an early-stage, continuously updated process, by building iterative datasets and statistically interpreting their responses. We capitalized on the statistical models defined by the DOE-feed methodology to study the influence of feeds on daily productivity and growth and to extrapolate feeding-schemes that improved the cell line screening. The DOE-feed became a methodology suited for CLD needs at AbbVie, and optimized the early stage screening, reduced the operational hands-on time and improved the overall workstream efficiency.
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10
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Li YM, Wang M, Wang TY, Wei YG, Guo X, Mi CL, Zhao CP, Cao XX, Dou YY. Effects of different 2A peptides on transgene expression mediated by tricistronic vectors in transfected CHO cells. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 47:469-475. [PMID: 31659692 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-05153-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Multicistronic vectors can increase transgene expression and decrease the imbalance of gene expression in the Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell expression system. Small, self-cleaving 2A peptides have a high cleavage efficiency and are essential for constructing high-expression multicistronic vectors. In this study, we investigated the effects of two different 2A peptides on transgene expression in CHO cells via their mediating action on tricistronic vectors. The enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) and red fluorescent protein (RFP) genes were linked by the porcine teschovirus-1 (P2A) and Thosea asigna virus (T2A) peptides in a multicistronic vector. We transfected CHO cells with these vectors and screened for the presence of blasticidin-resistant colonies. Flow cytometry and real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) were used to detect the expression levels of eGFP and RFP and the copy numbers of stably transfected cells. The results showed that P2A could enhance eGFP and RFP expression by 1.48- and 1.47-fold, respectively, compared to T2A. The expression levels of the genes were not proportional to their copy numbers. In conclusion, we found that P2A can effectively drive transgene expression in CHO cells and a potent 2A peptide can be used for recombinant protein production in the CHO cell system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Mei Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xinxiang Medical University, Jinsui Road, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, People's Republic of China.,International Joint Research Laboratory for Recombiant Pharmaceutical Protein Expression System of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, Jinsui Road, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xinxiang Medical University, Jinsui Road, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, People's Republic of China.,International Joint Research Laboratory for Recombiant Pharmaceutical Protein Expression System of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, Jinsui Road, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian-Yun Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xinxiang Medical University, Jinsui Road, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, People's Republic of China. .,International Joint Research Laboratory for Recombiant Pharmaceutical Protein Expression System of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, Jinsui Road, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yong-Ge Wei
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xinxiang Medical University, Jinsui Road, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, People's Republic of China.,International Joint Research Laboratory for Recombiant Pharmaceutical Protein Expression System of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, Jinsui Road, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Guo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xinxiang Medical University, Jinsui Road, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, People's Republic of China.,International Joint Research Laboratory for Recombiant Pharmaceutical Protein Expression System of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, Jinsui Road, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Liu Mi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xinxiang Medical University, Jinsui Road, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, People's Republic of China.,International Joint Research Laboratory for Recombiant Pharmaceutical Protein Expression System of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, Jinsui Road, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Peng Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xinxiang Medical University, Jinsui Road, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, People's Republic of China.,International Joint Research Laboratory for Recombiant Pharmaceutical Protein Expression System of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, Jinsui Road, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Xiang Cao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xinxiang Medical University, Jinsui Road, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, People's Republic of China.,International Joint Research Laboratory for Recombiant Pharmaceutical Protein Expression System of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, Jinsui Road, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Dou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xinxiang Medical University, Jinsui Road, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, People's Republic of China.,International Joint Research Laboratory for Recombiant Pharmaceutical Protein Expression System of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, Jinsui Road, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, People's Republic of China
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11
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Johari YB, Brown AJ, Alves CS, Zhou Y, Wright CM, Estes SD, Kshirsagar R, James DC. CHO genome mining for synthetic promoter design. J Biotechnol 2019; 294:1-13. [PMID: 30703471 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2019.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic promoters are an attractive alternative for use in mammalian hosts such as CHO cells as they can be designed de novo with user-defined functionalities. In this study, we describe and validate a method for bioprocess-directed design of synthetic promoters utilizing CHO genomic sequence information. We designed promoters with two objective features, (i) constitutive high-level recombinant gene transcription, and (ii) upregulated transcription under mild hypothermia or late-stage culture. CHO genes varying in transcriptional activity were selected based on a comparative analysis of RNA-Seq transcript levels in normal and biphasic cultures in combination with estimates of mRNA half-life from published genome scale datasets. Discrete transcription factor regulatory elements (TFREs) upstream of these genes were informatically identified and functionally screened in vitro to identify a subset of TFREs with the potential to support high activity recombinant gene transcription during biphasic cell culture processes. Two libraries of heterotypic synthetic promoters with varying TFRE combinations were then designed in silico that exhibited a maximal 2.5-fold increase in transcriptional strength over the CMV-IE promoter after transient transfection into host CHO-K1 cells. A subset of synthetic promoters was then used to create stable transfectant pools using CHO-K1 cells under glutamine synthetase selection. Whilst not achieving the maximal 2.5-fold increase in productivity over stable pools harboring the CMV promoter, all stably transfected cells utilizing synthetic promoters exhibited increased reporter production - up to 1.6-fold that of cells employing CMV, both in the presence or absence of intron A immediately downstream of the promoter. The increased productivity of stably transfected cells harboring synthetic promoters was maintained during fed-batch culture, with or without a transition to mild hypothermia at the onset of stationary phase. Our data exemplify that it is important to consider both host cell and intended bioprocess contexts as design criteria in the de novo construction of synthetic genetic parts for mammalian cell engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf B Johari
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Mappin St., Sheffield S1 3JD, UK
| | - Adam J Brown
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Mappin St., Sheffield S1 3JD, UK
| | | | - Yizhou Zhou
- Cell Culture Development, Biogen Inc., Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | | | - Scott D Estes
- Cell Culture Development, Biogen Inc., Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | | | - David C James
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Mappin St., Sheffield S1 3JD, UK.
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12
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Naderi F, Hashemi M, Bayat H, Mohammadian O, Pourmaleki E, Etemadzadeh MH, Rahimpour A. The Augmenting Effects of the tDNA Insulator on Stable Expression of Monoclonal Antibody in Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells. Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother 2018; 37:200-206. [DOI: 10.1089/mab.2018.0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Naderi
- Department of Genetics, Tehran Medical Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Department of Genetics, Tehran Medical Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadi Bayat
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Omid Mohammadian
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Es'hagh Pourmaleki
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Azam Rahimpour
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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13
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Construction strategies for developing expression vectors for recombinant monoclonal antibody production in CHO cells. Mol Biol Rep 2018; 45:2907-2912. [PMID: 30191354 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-018-4351-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Recent years have seen the use of recombinant proteins in the treatment of different diseases. Among them, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are currently the fastest growing class of bio-therapeutic recombinant proteins. Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells are the most commonly used host cells for production of these recombinant mAbs. Expression vectors determine the expression level and quality of recombinant mAbs. Currently, few construction strategies for recombinant mAbs expression vectors in CHO cells have been developed, including monocistronic vector, multiple-promoter expression vector, and tricistronic vector mediated by internal ribosome entry site (IRES) or Furin-2A element. Among them, Furin-2A-mediated vector is an effective approach due to advantages of high "self-cleavage" efficiency, and equal expression of light and heavy chains from a single open reading frame. Here, we have reviewed the progress in development of different strategies for constructing recombinant mAb expression vectors in CHO cells and its potential advantages and disadvantages.
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Wijesuriya SD, Pongo E, Tomic M, Zhang F, Garcia-Rodriquez C, Conrad F, Farr-Jones S, Marks JD, Horwitz AH. Antibody engineering to improve manufacturability. Protein Expr Purif 2018; 149:75-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2018.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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15
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Bayat H, Hossienzadeh S, Pourmaleki E, Ahani R, Rahimpour A. Evaluation of different vector design strategies for the expression of recombinant monoclonal antibody in CHO cells. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2018; 48:160-164. [DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2017.1421966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Bayat
- Medical Nano-Technology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saghar Hossienzadeh
- Medical Nano-Technology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Eśhagh Pourmaleki
- Medical Nano-Technology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roshanak Ahani
- Department of Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azam Rahimpour
- Medical Nano-Technology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Lin J, Neo SH, Ho SCL, Yeo JHM, Wang T, Zhang W, Bi X, Chao SH, Yang Y. Impact of Signal Peptides on Furin-2A Mediated Monoclonal Antibody Secretion in CHO Cells. Biotechnol J 2017; 12. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201700268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian'er Lin
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR); 20 Biopolis Way, #06-01 Centros Singapore 138668 Singapore
| | - Shu Hui Neo
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR); 20 Biopolis Way, #06-01 Centros Singapore 138668 Singapore
| | - Steven C. L. Ho
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR); 20 Biopolis Way, #06-01 Centros Singapore 138668 Singapore
| | - Jessna H. M. Yeo
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR); 20 Biopolis Way, #06-01 Centros Singapore 138668 Singapore
| | - Tianhua Wang
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR); 20 Biopolis Way, #06-01 Centros Singapore 138668 Singapore
| | - Wei Zhang
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR); 20 Biopolis Way, #06-01 Centros Singapore 138668 Singapore
| | - Xuezhi Bi
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR); 20 Biopolis Way, #06-01 Centros Singapore 138668 Singapore
| | - Sheng-Hao Chao
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR); 20 Biopolis Way, #06-01 Centros Singapore 138668 Singapore
- Department of Microbiology; National University of Singapore; Block MD4, 5 Science Drive 2 Singapore 117597 Singapore
| | - Yuansheng Yang
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR); 20 Biopolis Way, #06-01 Centros Singapore 138668 Singapore
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17
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Ahmadi S, Davami F, Davoudi N, Nematpour F, Ahmadi M, Ebadat S, Azadmanesh K, Barkhordari F, Mahboudi F. Monoclonal antibodies expression improvement in CHO cells by PiggyBac transposition regarding vectors ratios and design. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0179902. [PMID: 28662065 PMCID: PMC5491063 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Establishing stable Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells producing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) usually pass through the random integration of vectors to the cell genome, which is sensitive to gene silencing. One approach to overcome this issue is to target a highly transcribed region in the genome. Transposons are useful devices to target active parts of genomes, and PiggyBac (PB) transposon can be considered as a good option. In the present study, three PB transposon donor vectors containing both heavy and light chains were constructed, one contained independent expression cassettes while the others utilized either an Internal Ribosome Entry Site (IRES) or 2A element to express mAb. Conventional cell pools were created by transferring donor vectors into the CHO cells, whereas transposon-based cells were generated by transfecting the cells with donor vectors with a companion of a transposase-encoding helper vector, with 1:2.5 helper/donor vectors ratio. To evaluate the influence of helper/donor vectors ratio on expression, the second transposon-based cell pools were generated with 1:5 helper/donor ratio. Expression levels in the transposon-based cells were two to five -folds more than those created by conventional method except for the IRES-mediated ones, in which the observed difference increased more than 100-fold. The results were dependent on both donor vector design and vectors ratios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Ahmadi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Davami
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Noushin Davoudi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Nematpour
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Ahmadi
- Medical Biotechnology Department, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Saeedeh Ebadat
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Fereidoun Mahboudi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
- * E-mail: ,
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18
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Hollevoet K, Declerck PJ. State of play and clinical prospects of antibody gene transfer. J Transl Med 2017; 15:131. [PMID: 28592330 PMCID: PMC5463339 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-017-1234-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Recombinant monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are one of today's most successful therapeutic classes in inflammatory diseases and oncology. A wider accessibility and implementation, however, is hampered by the high product cost and prolonged need for frequent administration. The surge in more effective mAb combination therapies further adds to the costs and risk of toxicity. To address these issues, antibody gene transfer seeks to administer to patients the mAb-encoding nucleotide sequence, rather than the mAb protein. This allows the body to produce its own medicine in a cost- and labor-effective manner, for a prolonged period of time. Expressed mAbs can be secreted systemically or locally, depending on the production site. The current review outlines the state of play and clinical prospects of antibody gene transfer, thereby highlighting recent innovations, opportunities and remaining hurdles. Different expression platforms and a multitude of administration sites have been pursued. Viral vector-mediated mAb expression thereby made the most significant strides. Therapeutic proof of concept has been demonstrated in mice and non-human primates, and intramuscular vectored mAb therapy is under clinical evaluation. However, viral vectors face limitations, particularly in terms of immunogenicity. In recent years, naked DNA has gained ground as an alternative. Attained serum mAb titers in mice, however, remain far below those obtained with viral vectors, and robust pharmacokinetic data in larger animals is limited. The broad translatability of DNA-based antibody therapy remains uncertain, despite ongoing evaluation in patients. RNA presents another emerging platform for antibody gene transfer. Early reports in mice show that mRNA may be able to rival with viral vectors in terms of generated serum mAb titers, although expression appears more short-lived. Overall, substantial progress has been made in the clinical translation of antibody gene transfer. While challenges persist, clinical prospects are amplified by ongoing innovations and the versatility of antibody gene transfer. Clinical introduction can be expedited by selecting the platform approach currently best suited for the mAb or disease of interest. Innovations in expression platform, administration and antibody technology are expected to further improve overall safety and efficacy, and unlock the vast clinical potential of antibody gene transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Hollevoet
- Laboratory for Therapeutic and Diagnostic Antibodies, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N 2, P.B. 820, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Paul J. Declerck
- Laboratory for Therapeutic and Diagnostic Antibodies, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N 2, P.B. 820, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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Electrostatic engineering of the interface between heavy and light chains promotes antibody Fab fragment production. Cytotechnology 2016; 69:469-475. [PMID: 26856589 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-016-9955-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies and antibody fragments are used for diverse diagnostic and therapeutic applications. We have investigated the secretory production of Fab fragments from insect cells cotransfected with plasmid vectors carrying heavy- and light-chain genes. In the present study, to promote the formation of the disulfide bond between the heavy and light chains, some positively charged amino acid residues were introduced near the cysteine residue for the disulfide bond at the C-terminus of CL, while some negatively charged amino acid residues were added near the cysteine residue for the disulfide bond at the C-terminus of CH1. This electrostatic steering led to an increase in Fab secretions from insect cells.
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20
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Chng J, Wang T, Nian R, Lau A, Hoi KM, Ho SCL, Gagnon P, Bi X, Yang Y. Cleavage efficient 2A peptides for high level monoclonal antibody expression in CHO cells. MAbs 2015; 7:403-12. [PMID: 25621616 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2015.1008351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Linking the heavy chain (HC) and light chain (LC) genes required for monoclonal antibodies (mAb) production on a single cassette using 2A peptides allows control of LC and HC ratio and reduces non-expressing cells. Four 2A peptides derived from the foot-and-mouth disease virus (F2A), equine rhinitis A virus (E2A), porcine teschovirus-1 (P2A) and Thosea asigna virus (T2A), respectively, were compared for expression of 3 biosimilar IgG1 mAbs in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell lines. HC and LC were linked by different 2A peptides both in the absence and presence of GSG linkers. Insertion of a furin recognition site upstream of 2A allowed removal of 2A residues that would otherwise be attached to the HC. Different 2A peptides exhibited different cleavage efficiencies that correlated to the mAb expression level. The relative cleavage efficiency of each 2A peptide remains similar for expression of different IgG1 mAbs in different CHO cells. While complete cleavage was not observed for any of the 2A peptides, GSG linkers did enhance the cleavage efficiency and thus the mAb expression level. T2A with the GSG linker (GT2A) exhibited the highest cleavage efficiency and mAb expression level. Stably amplified CHO DG44 pools generated using GT2A had titers 357, 416 and 600 mg/L for the 3 mAbs in shake flask batch cultures. Incomplete cleavage likely resulted in incorrectly processed mAb species and aggregates, which were removed with a chromatin-directed clarification method and protein A purification. The vector and methods presented provide an easy process beneficial for both mAb development and manufacturing.
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Key Words
- 2A peptide
- CHO
- CHO, Chinese hamster ovary
- E2A, 2A peptide derived from the equine rhinitis virus
- F2A, 2A peptide derived from the foot-and-mouth disease virus
- G, glycine
- GE2A, E2A with the GSG linker
- GF2A, F2A with the GSG linker
- GFP, green fluorescence protein
- GP2A, P2A with the GSG linker
- GSG linker
- GT2A, T2A with the GSG linker
- HC, heavy chain
- HT, hypoxanthine and thymine
- IRES, internal ribosome entry site
- IgG, immunoglobulin G
- K, lysine
- LC, light chain
- MS, mass spectrometry
- MTX, methotrexate
- P, proline
- P2A, 2A peptide derived from the porcine teschovirus-1
- PFM, protein-free medium
- PVDF, polyvinylidene difluoride
- SEC, size exclusion chromatography
- T2A, 2A peptide derived from the Thosea asigna virus
- cleavage efficiency
- furin
- mAb, monoclonal antibody
- monoclonal antibody
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake Chng
- a Bioprocessing Technology Institute; Agency for Science , Technology and Research (A*STAR) ; Singapore
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21
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Johari YB, Estes SD, Alves CS, Sinacore MS, James DC. Integrated cell and process engineering for improved transient production of a “difficult-to-express“ fusion protein by CHO cells. Biotechnol Bioeng 2015; 112:2527-42. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.25687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Revised: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf B. Johari
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; University of Sheffield; ChELSI Institute; Mappin Street; Sheffield S1 3JD UK
| | - Scott D. Estes
- Cell Culture Development; Biogen Idec, Inc.; Cambridge Massachusetts
| | | | - Marty S. Sinacore
- Cell Culture Development; Biogen Idec, Inc.; Cambridge Massachusetts
| | - David C. James
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; University of Sheffield; ChELSI Institute; Mappin Street; Sheffield S1 3JD UK
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22
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Balabashin D, Kovalenko E, Toporova V, Aliev T, Panina A, Svirshchevskaya E, Dolgikh D, Kirpichnikov M. Production of anti TNF-α antibodies in eukaryotic cells using different combinations of vectors carrying heavy and light chains. Cytotechnology 2014; 67:761-72. [PMID: 24939591 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-014-9714-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2013] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) plays a key role in rheumatoid arthritis and some other autoimmune diseases. Therapy with anti-TNF-α recombinant antibodies (Ab) appears to be highly effective. Production of new hyper-producing eukaryotic cell lines can decrease the treatment cost, which currently is very high. However, due to the complexity of protein transcription, translation, processing, and secretion in mammalian cells, the stages at which antibody expression is affected are still poorly determined. The aim of this work was to compare the productivity of two cell lines developed in CHO DG44 cells, deficient in dihydrofolate reductase, transfected with vectors carrying either heavy (H) or light (L) chains of chimeric antibody under different combinations of selective elements. Both H and L chains were cloned either in pOptiVEC or pcDNA3.3 vectors and different combinations were used to produce HL and LH cell lines. We have shown that Ab production has been low and comparable between HL and LH cells until selection on methotrexate (MTX) when LH but not HL cells have responded with 3.5 times increased productivity. Flow cytometry analysis has demonstrated that intracellular concentration of full size Abs in LH cells was 5.6 times higher than in HL ones due to higher amount of H chain synthesis. No differences in viability between HL and LH cells have been found. We have concluded that the expression of H chain in the pOptiVEC vector, which is responsible for MTX resistance, has led to the suppression of H chain synthesis and limitation in full Ab assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitriy Balabashin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, RAS, GSP-7, Miklukho-Maklaya, 16/10, 117997, Moscow, Russia,
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23
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Genetic engineering of cell lines using lentiviral vectors to achieve antibody secretion following encapsulated implantation. Biomaterials 2014; 35:792-802. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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An internal ribosome entry site (IRES) mutant library for tuning expression level of multiple genes in mammalian cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e82100. [PMID: 24349195 PMCID: PMC3857217 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0082100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A set of mutated Encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) internal ribosome entry site (IRES) elements with varying strengths is generated by mutating the translation initiation codons of 10th, 11th, and 12th AUG to non-AUG triplets. They are able to control the relative expression of multiple genes over a wide range in mammalian cells in both transient and stable transfections. The relative strength of each IRES mutant remains similar in different mammalian cell lines and is not gene specific. The expressed proteins have correct molecular weights. Optimization of light chain over heavy chain expression by these IRES mutants enhances monoclonal antibody expression level and quality in stable transfections. Uses of this set of IRES mutants can be extended to other applications such as synthetic biology, investigating interactions between proteins and its complexes, cell engineering, multi-subunit protein production, gene therapy, and reprogramming of somatic cells into stem cells.
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Pybus LP, James DC, Dean G, Slidel T, Hardman C, Smith A, Daramola O, Field R. Predicting the expression of recombinant monoclonal antibodies in Chinese hamster ovary cells based on sequence features of the CDR3 domain. Biotechnol Prog 2013; 30:188-97. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.1839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2013] [Revised: 10/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leon P. Pybus
- ChELSI Institute; Dept. of Chemical and Biological Engineering; University of Sheffield; Mappin Street, Sheffield S1 3JD U.K
| | - David C. James
- ChELSI Institute; Dept. of Chemical and Biological Engineering; University of Sheffield; Mappin Street, Sheffield S1 3JD U.K
| | - Greg Dean
- MedImmune Ltd.; Granta Park Cambridge CB21 6GH U.K
| | - Tim Slidel
- MedImmune Ltd.; Granta Park Cambridge CB21 6GH U.K
| | | | - Andrew Smith
- MedImmune Ltd.; Granta Park Cambridge CB21 6GH U.K
| | | | - Ray Field
- MedImmune Ltd.; Granta Park Cambridge CB21 6GH U.K
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26
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The use of glutamine synthetase as a selection marker: recent advances in Chinese hamster ovary cell line generation processes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4155/pbp.13.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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27
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Pybus LP, Dean G, West NR, Smith A, Daramola O, Field R, Wilkinson SJ, James DC. Model-directed engineering of “difficult-to-express” monoclonal antibody production by Chinese hamster ovary cells. Biotechnol Bioeng 2013; 111:372-85. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.25116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2013] [Revised: 08/03/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leon P. Pybus
- ChELSI Institute; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; University of Sheffield; Mappin Street Sheffield S1 3JD UK
| | - Greg Dean
- Cell Sciences; BioPharmaceutical Development, MedImmune, Granta Park; Cambridge UK
| | - Nathan R. West
- ChELSI Institute; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; University of Sheffield; Mappin Street Sheffield S1 3JD UK
| | - Andrew Smith
- Cell Sciences; BioPharmaceutical Development, MedImmune, Granta Park; Cambridge UK
| | - Olalekan Daramola
- Cell Sciences; BioPharmaceutical Development, MedImmune, Granta Park; Cambridge UK
| | - Ray Field
- Cell Sciences; BioPharmaceutical Development, MedImmune, Granta Park; Cambridge UK
| | - Stephen J. Wilkinson
- ChELSI Institute; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; University of Sheffield; Mappin Street Sheffield S1 3JD UK
| | - David C. James
- ChELSI Institute; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; University of Sheffield; Mappin Street Sheffield S1 3JD UK
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28
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Control of IgG LC:HC ratio in stably transfected CHO cells and study of the impact on expression, aggregation, glycosylation and conformational stability. J Biotechnol 2013; 165:157-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2013.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2012] [Revised: 03/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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29
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Comparison of internal ribosome entry site (IRES) and Furin-2A (F2A) for monoclonal antibody expression level and quality in CHO cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e63247. [PMID: 23704898 PMCID: PMC3660568 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2012] [Accepted: 04/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Four versions of tricistronic vectors expressing IgG1 light chain (LC), IgG1 heavy chain (HC), and dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) in one transcript were designed to compare internal ribosome entry site (IRES) and furin-2A (F2A) for their influence on monoclonal antibody (mAb) expression level and quality in CHO DG44 cells. LC and HC genes are arranged as either the first or the second cistron. When using mAb quantification methods based on the detection antibodies against HC Fc region, F2A-mediated tricistronic vectors appeared to express mAb at higher levels than the IRES-mediated tricistronic vectors in both transient and stable transfections. Further analysis revealed that more than 40% of products detected in stably transfected pools generated using the two F2A-mediated tricistronic vectors were aggregates. LC and HC from the F2A stably transfected pools were not properly processed, giving rise to LC+F2A+HC or HC+F2A+LC fusion proteins, LC and HC polypeptides with F2A remnants, and incorrectly cleaved signal peptides. Both IRES-mediated tricistronic vectors express mAb with correct sizes and signal peptide cleavage. Arrangement of LC as the first cistron in the IRES-mediated tricistronic vectors exhibits increased mAb expression level, better growth, and minimized product aggregation, while arrangement of HC as first cistron results in low expression, slower growth, and high aggregation. The results obtained will be beneficial for designing vectors that enhance mAb expression level and quality in mammalian cells.
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30
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