1
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Liu W, Zhang Y, Yang Y, Chen W, Yuan L, Yu Z, Yu X, Wu Q. Interfacial Mass Diagnostics: Quantitative Perspective on Construction and Mechanism Understanding of Dye-Sensitized, Perovskite and Quantum Dots Solar Cells. Chemphyschem 2024:e202400290. [PMID: 38695835 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202400290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), quantum dot-sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs) and perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted wide attention. DSSCs, QDSSCs and PSCs can be prepared by liquid phase or solid phase, which causes a certain range of interface micro-mass changes during preparation. In addition, the photoelectric conversion process occurring inside the device also inevitably causes interface micro-mass changes. Interpretation of these interface micro-mass changes can help to optimize the cell structure, improve the stability and performance repeatability of the device, as well as directly or indirectly infer, track and predict the internal photoelectric conversion mechanism of the device. Quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) is a powerful tool for studying surface mass changes, extending this technology to the fields of solar cells to directly obtain interface micro-mass changes, which makes the research more in-depth and opens up a new perspective for explaining the basic principles of solar cells. This review summarizes the research progress of QCM application in DSSCs, QDSSCs and PSCs in recent years, and explores the challenges and new opportunities of QCM application in new solar cells in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqing Liu
- Key Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information Perception and Instrumentation of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, 330063, P. R. China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Non-Destructive Testing and Optoelectronic Sensing Technology and Applications, Key Laboratory of Nondestructive Testing Ministry of Education, School of the Testing and Photoelectric Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, 330063, P. R. China
- Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, United Kingdom
| | - Yiyao Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information Perception and Instrumentation of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, 330063, P. R. China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Non-Destructive Testing and Optoelectronic Sensing Technology and Applications, Key Laboratory of Nondestructive Testing Ministry of Education, School of the Testing and Photoelectric Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, 330063, P. R. China
| | - Yan Yang
- Key Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information Perception and Instrumentation of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, 330063, P. R. China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Non-Destructive Testing and Optoelectronic Sensing Technology and Applications, Key Laboratory of Nondestructive Testing Ministry of Education, School of the Testing and Photoelectric Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, 330063, P. R. China
| | - Wenhao Chen
- Key Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information Perception and Instrumentation of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, 330063, P. R. China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Non-Destructive Testing and Optoelectronic Sensing Technology and Applications, Key Laboratory of Nondestructive Testing Ministry of Education, School of the Testing and Photoelectric Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, 330063, P. R. China
| | - Ligang Yuan
- Key Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information Perception and Instrumentation of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, 330063, P. R. China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Non-Destructive Testing and Optoelectronic Sensing Technology and Applications, Key Laboratory of Nondestructive Testing Ministry of Education, School of the Testing and Photoelectric Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, 330063, P. R. China
| | - Zhongpeng Yu
- Key Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information Perception and Instrumentation of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, 330063, P. R. China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Non-Destructive Testing and Optoelectronic Sensing Technology and Applications, Key Laboratory of Nondestructive Testing Ministry of Education, School of the Testing and Photoelectric Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, 330063, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Yu
- Key Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information Perception and Instrumentation of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, 330063, P. R. China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Non-Destructive Testing and Optoelectronic Sensing Technology and Applications, Key Laboratory of Nondestructive Testing Ministry of Education, School of the Testing and Photoelectric Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, 330063, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Wu
- Key Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information Perception and Instrumentation of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, 330063, P. R. China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Non-Destructive Testing and Optoelectronic Sensing Technology and Applications, Key Laboratory of Nondestructive Testing Ministry of Education, School of the Testing and Photoelectric Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, 330063, P. R. China
- Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, United Kingdom
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2
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Nedzbala HS, Westbroek D, Margavio HRM, Yang H, Noh H, Magpantay SV, Donley CL, Kumbhar AS, Parsons GN, Mayer JM. Photoelectrochemical Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer of TiO 2 Thin Films on Silicon. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:10559-10572. [PMID: 38564642 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
TiO2 thin films are often used as protective layers on semiconductors for applications in photovoltaics, molecule-semiconductor hybrid photoelectrodes, and more. Experiments reported here show that TiO2 thin films on silicon are electrochemically and photoelectrochemically reduced in buffered acetonitrile at potentials relevant to photoelectrocatalysis of CO2 reduction, N2 reduction, and H2 evolution. On both n-type Si and irradiated p-type Si, TiO2 reduction is proton-coupled with a 1e-:1H+ stoichiometry, as demonstrated by the Nernstian dependence of the Ti4+/3+ E1/2 on the buffer pKa. Experiments were conducted with and without illumination, and a photovoltage of ∼0.6 V was observed across 20 orders of magnitude in proton activity. The 4 nm films are almost stoichiometrically reduced under mild conditions. The reduced films catalytically transfer protons and electrons to hydrogen atom acceptors, based on cyclic voltammogram, bulk electrolysis, and other mechanistic evidence. TiO2/Si thus has the potential to photoelectrochemically generate high-energy H atom carriers. Characterization of the TiO2 films after reduction reveals restructuring with the formation of islands, rendering TiO2 films as a potentially poor choice as protecting films or catalyst supports under reducing and protic conditions. Overall, this work demonstrates that atomic layer deposition TiO2 films on silicon photoelectrodes undergo both chemical and morphological changes upon application of potentials only modestly negative of RHE in these media. While the results should serve as a cautionary tale for researchers aiming to immobilize molecular monolayers on "protective" metal oxides, the robust proton-coupled electron transfer reactivity of the films introduces opportunities for the photoelectrochemical generation of reactive charge-carrying mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah S Nedzbala
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Dalaney Westbroek
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Hannah R M Margavio
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27603, United States
| | - Hyuenwoo Yang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27603, United States
| | - Hyunho Noh
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Samantha V Magpantay
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Carrie L Donley
- Department of Chemistry, Chapel Hill Analytical and Nanofabrication Laboratory (CHANL), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Amar S Kumbhar
- Department of Chemistry, Chapel Hill Analytical and Nanofabrication Laboratory (CHANL), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Gregory N Parsons
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27603, United States
| | - James M Mayer
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
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3
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Rettenmaier K, Zickler GA, Berger T. Conformal Coverage of ZnO Nanowire Arrays by ZnMnO 3 : Room-temperature Photodeposition from Aqueous Solution. Chemphyschem 2023; 24:e202300250. [PMID: 37534548 PMCID: PMC10962551 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202300250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Compositionally and structurally complex semiconductor oxide nanostructures gain importance in many energy-related applications. Simple and robust synthesis routes ideally complying with the principles of modern green chemistry are therefore urgently needed. Here we report on the one-step, room-temperature synthesis of a crystalline-amorphous biphasic ternary metal oxide at the ZnO surface using aqueous precursor solutions. More specifically, conformal and porous ZnMnO3 shells are photodeposited from KMnO4 solution onto immobilized ZnO nanowires acting not only as the substrate but also as the Zn precursor. This water-based, low temperature process yields ZnMnO3 /ZnO composite electrodes featuring in 1 M Na2 SO4 aqueous solution capacitance values of 80-160 F g-1 (as referred to the total mass of the porous film i. e. the electroactive ZnMnO3 phase and the ZnO nanowire array). Our results highlight the suitability of photodeposition as a simple and green route towards complex functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Rettenmaier
- Department of Chemistry and Physics of MaterialsUniversity of SalzburgJakob-Haringer-Straße 2a5020SalzburgAustria
| | - Gregor A. Zickler
- Department of Chemistry and Physics of MaterialsUniversity of SalzburgJakob-Haringer-Straße 2a5020SalzburgAustria
| | - Thomas Berger
- Department of Chemistry and Physics of MaterialsUniversity of SalzburgJakob-Haringer-Straße 2a5020SalzburgAustria
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4
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Jiménez-Arévalo N, Al Shuhaib JH, Pacheco RB, Marchiani D, Saad Abdelnabi MM, Frisenda R, Sbroscia M, Betti MG, Mariani C, Manzanares-Negro Y, Navarro CG, Martínez-Galera AJ, Ares JR, Ferrer IJ, Leardini F. MoS 2 Photoelectrodes for Hydrogen Production: Tuning the S-Vacancy Content in Highly Homogeneous Ultrathin Nanocrystals. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:33514-33524. [PMID: 37406352 PMCID: PMC10865293 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c02192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Tuning the electrocatalytic properties of MoS2 layers can be achieved through different paths, such as reducing their thickness, creating edges in the MoS2 flakes, and introducing S-vacancies. We combine these three approaches by growing MoS2 electrodes by using a special salt-assisted chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. This procedure allows the growth of ultrathin MoS2 nanocrystals (1-3 layers thick and a few nanometers wide), as evidenced by atomic force microscopy and scanning tunneling microscopy. This morphology of the MoS2 layers at the nanoscale induces some specific features in the Raman and photoluminescence spectra compared to exfoliated or microcrystalline MoS2 layers. Moreover, the S-vacancy content in the layers can be tuned during CVD growth by using Ar/H2 mixtures as a carrier gas. Detailed optical microtransmittance and microreflectance spectroscopies, micro-Raman, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements with sub-millimeter spatial resolution show that the obtained samples present an excellent homogeneity over areas in the cm2 range. The electrochemical and photoelectrochemical properties of these MoS2 layers were investigated using electrodes with relatively large areas (0.8 cm2). The prepared MoS2 cathodes show outstanding Faradaic efficiencies as well as long-term stability in acidic solutions. In addition, we demonstrate that there is an optimal number of S-vacancies to improve the electrochemical and photoelectrochemical performances of MoS2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Jiménez-Arévalo
- Departamento
de Física de Materiales, Universidad
Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jinan H. Al Shuhaib
- Departamento
de Física de Materiales, Universidad
Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Dario Marchiani
- Dipartimento
di Física, Sapienza Università
di Roma, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Mahmoud M. Saad Abdelnabi
- Dipartimento
di Física, Sapienza Università
di Roma, 00185 Roma, Italy
- Physics
Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams
University, 11566 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Riccardo Frisenda
- Dipartimento
di Física, Sapienza Università
di Roma, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Marco Sbroscia
- Dipartimento
di Física, Sapienza Università
di Roma, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | | | - Carlo Mariani
- Dipartimento
di Física, Sapienza Università
di Roma, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Yolanda Manzanares-Negro
- Departamento
de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Gómez Navarro
- Departamento
de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto
Nicolás Cabrera, Universidad Autónoma
de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio J. Martínez-Galera
- Departamento
de Física de Materiales, Universidad
Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto
Nicolás Cabrera, Universidad Autónoma
de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Ramón Ares
- Departamento
de Física de Materiales, Universidad
Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel J. Ferrer
- Departamento
de Física de Materiales, Universidad
Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto
Nicolás Cabrera, Universidad Autónoma
de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Fabrice Leardini
- Departamento
de Física de Materiales, Universidad
Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto
Nicolás Cabrera, Universidad Autónoma
de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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5
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Xu X, Li Y, Liu C, Zhang P, Fan K, Wu X, Shan Y, Li F. Optimized H 2-evolving dye-sensitized LaFeO 3 photocathodes prepared via the layer-by-layer assembly of dyes and catalysts. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:5848-5853. [PMID: 37092596 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt00542a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
A molecular dye and a molecular catalyst were loaded onto the surface of a mesoporous LaFeO3 (LFO) film via layer-by-layer assembly relying on the coordination of phosphates and Zr4+. After assembling six layers of the dye and four layers of the catalyst, the (NiP-4 + PQA-6)@LFO photocathode exhibited a significant photocurrent for light-driven H2 generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ximeng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Institute of Artificial Photosynthesis, DUT-KTH Joint Education and Research Centre on Molecular Devices, Institute for Energy Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, 116024 Dalian, China.
| | - Yingzheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Institute of Artificial Photosynthesis, DUT-KTH Joint Education and Research Centre on Molecular Devices, Institute for Energy Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, 116024 Dalian, China.
| | - Chang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Institute of Artificial Photosynthesis, DUT-KTH Joint Education and Research Centre on Molecular Devices, Institute for Energy Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, 116024 Dalian, China.
| | - Peili Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Institute of Artificial Photosynthesis, DUT-KTH Joint Education and Research Centre on Molecular Devices, Institute for Energy Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, 116024 Dalian, China.
| | - Ke Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Institute of Artificial Photosynthesis, DUT-KTH Joint Education and Research Centre on Molecular Devices, Institute for Energy Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, 116024 Dalian, China.
| | - Xiujuan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Institute of Artificial Photosynthesis, DUT-KTH Joint Education and Research Centre on Molecular Devices, Institute for Energy Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, 116024 Dalian, China.
| | - Yu Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Institute of Artificial Photosynthesis, DUT-KTH Joint Education and Research Centre on Molecular Devices, Institute for Energy Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, 116024 Dalian, China.
| | - Fusheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Institute of Artificial Photosynthesis, DUT-KTH Joint Education and Research Centre on Molecular Devices, Institute for Energy Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, 116024 Dalian, China.
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6
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Minadakis MP, Canton-Vitoria R, Stangel C, Klontzas E, Arenal R, Hernández-Ferrer J, Benito AM, Maser WK, Tagmatarchis N. Tungsten Disulfide-Interfacing Nickel-Porphyrin For Photo-Enhanced Electrocatalytic Water Oxidation. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202202322. [PMID: 36629277 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202202322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Covalent functionalization of tungsten disulfide (WS2 ) with photo- and electro-active nickel-porphyrin (NiP) is reported. Exfoliated WS2 interfacing NiP moieties with 1,2-dithiolane linkages is assayed in the oxygen evolution reaction under both dark and illuminated conditions. The hybrid material presented, WS2 -NiP, is fully characterized with complementary spectroscopic, microscopic, and thermal techniques. Standard yet advanced electrochemical techniques, such as linear sweep voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and calculation of the electrochemically active surface area, are used to delineate the catalytic profile of WS2 -NiP. In-depth study of thin films with transient photocurrent and photovoltage response assays uncovers photo-enhanced electrocatalytic behavior. The observed photo-enhanced electrocatalytic activity of WS2 -NiP is attributed to the presence of Ni centers coordinated and stabilized by the N4 motifs of tetrapyrrole rings at the tethered porphyrin derivative chains, which work as photoreceptors. This pioneering work opens wide routes for water oxidation, further contributing to the development of non-noble metal electrocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michail P Minadakis
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635, Athens, Greece
| | - Ruben Canton-Vitoria
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635, Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Stangel
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635, Athens, Greece
| | - Emmanuel Klontzas
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635, Athens, Greece
| | - Raul Arenal
- Laboratorio de Microscopias Avanzadas (LMA), Universidad de Zaragoza, Mariano Esquillor s/n, 50018, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragon (INMA), CSIC-U. de Zaragoza, Calle Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
- ARAID Foundation, 50018, Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - Ana M Benito
- Instituto de Carboquímica (ICB-CSIC), C/Miguel Luesma Castán 4, 50018, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Wolfgang K Maser
- Instituto de Carboquímica (ICB-CSIC), C/Miguel Luesma Castán 4, 50018, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Nikos Tagmatarchis
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635, Athens, Greece
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7
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Garcia-Osorio DA, Shalvey TP, Banerji L, Saeed K, Neri G, Phillips LJ, Hutter OS, Casadevall C, Antón-García D, Reisner E, Major JD, Cowan AJ. Hybrid photocathode based on a Ni molecular catalyst and Sb 2Se 3 for solar H 2 production. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:944-947. [PMID: 36597867 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc04810h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
We report a H2 evolving hybrid photocathode based on Sb2Se3 and a precious metal free molecular catalyst. Through the use of a high surface area TiO2 scaffold, we successfully increased the Ni molecular catalyst loading from 7.08 ± 0.43 to 45.76 ± 0.81 nmol cm-2, achieving photocurrents of 1.3 mA cm-2 at 0 V vs. RHE, which is 81-fold higher than the device without the TiO2 mesoporous layer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas P Shalvey
- Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy, University of Liverpool, L69 7ZF, UK.
| | - Liam Banerji
- Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy, University of Liverpool, L69 7ZF, UK.
| | - Khezar Saeed
- Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy, University of Liverpool, L69 7ZF, UK. .,Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Aarhus C 8000, Denmark
| | - Gaia Neri
- Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy, University of Liverpool, L69 7ZF, UK.
| | - Laurie J Phillips
- Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy, University of Liverpool, L69 7ZF, UK.
| | - Oliver S Hutter
- Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy, University of Liverpool, L69 7ZF, UK. .,Department of Mathematics, Physics and Electrical Engineering, Northumbria University, NE1 8ST, UK
| | - Carla Casadevall
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | | | - Erwin Reisner
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Jonathan D Major
- Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy, University of Liverpool, L69 7ZF, UK.
| | - Alexander J Cowan
- Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy, University of Liverpool, L69 7ZF, UK.
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8
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Rettenmaier K, Zickler GA, Redhammer GJ, Berger T. Substrate-Enabled Room-Temperature Electrochemical Deposition of Crystalline ZnMnO 3. Chemphyschem 2023; 24:e202200586. [PMID: 36070988 PMCID: PMC10092203 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202200586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Mixed transition metal oxides have emerged as promising electrode materials for electrochemical energy storage and conversion. To optimize the functional electrode properties, synthesis approaches allowing for a systematic tailoring of the materials' composition, crystal structure and morphology are urgently needed. Here we report on the room-temperature electrodeposition of a ternary oxide based on earth-abundant metals, specifically, the defective cubic spinel ZnMnO3 . In this unprecedented approach, ZnO surfaces act as (i) electron source for the interfacial reduction of MnO4 - in aqueous solution, (ii) as substrate for epitaxial growth of the deposit and (iii) as Zn precursor for the formation of ZnMnO3 . Epitaxial growth of ZnMnO3 on the lateral facets of ZnO nanowires assures effective electronic communication between the electroactive material and the conducting scaffold and gives rise to a pronounced 2-dimensional morphology of the electrodeposit forming - after partial delamination from the substrate - twisted nanosheets. The synthesis strategy shows promise for the direct growth of different mixed transition metal oxides as electroactive phase onto conductive substrates and thus for the fabrication of binder-free nanocomposite electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Rettenmaier
- Department of Chemistry and Physics of Materials, University of Salzburg, Jakob-Haringer-Straße 2a, A-5020, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Gregor A Zickler
- Department of Chemistry and Physics of Materials, University of Salzburg, Jakob-Haringer-Straße 2a, A-5020, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Günther J Redhammer
- Department of Chemistry and Physics of Materials, University of Salzburg, Jakob-Haringer-Straße 2a, A-5020, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Thomas Berger
- Department of Chemistry and Physics of Materials, University of Salzburg, Jakob-Haringer-Straße 2a, A-5020, Salzburg, Austria
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9
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Sustainable organic synthesis promoted on titanium dioxide using coordinated water and renewable energies/resources. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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10
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Ansón-Casaos A, Martínez-Barón C, Angoy-Benabarre S, Hernández-Ferrer J, Benito A, Maser W, Blesa M. Stability of a pyrimidine-based dye-sensitized TiO2 photoanode in sacrificial electrolytes. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.117114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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11
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Li D, Liu W, Chen W, Han B, Xu X, Chang Q, Yang Z, Wang Y. Desolvation-induced microgravimetric contributions of multivalent metal ions, water molecules and protons to the energy storage at the electrolyte/electrode interface of aqueous ion batteries. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.141603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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12
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Jatav S, Kao MC, Graf M, Hill EH. Colloidal growth of titania in nanoporous gold toward electrochemical applications. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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13
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David TM, Dev PR, Wilson P, Sagayaraj P, Mathews T. A critical review on the variations in anodization parameters toward microstructural formation of TiO
2
nanotubes. ELECTROCHEMICAL SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/elsa.202100083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- T. Manovah David
- Thin Films and Coatings Section Surface Nanoscience Division Materials Science Group Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research (IGCAR) Kalpakkam India
| | - Priya Ranjan Dev
- Department of Chemistry Madras Christian College (Autonomous) University of Madras Chennai India
| | - P. Wilson
- Department of Chemistry Madras Christian College (Autonomous) University of Madras Chennai India
| | - P. Sagayaraj
- Department of Physics, Loyola College (Autonomous) Chennai India
| | - Tom Mathews
- Thin Films and Coatings Section Surface Nanoscience Division Materials Science Group Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research (IGCAR) Kalpakkam India
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14
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Zarattini M, Dun C, Isherwood LH, Felten A, Filippi J, Gordon MP, Zhang L, Kassem O, Song X, Zhang W, Ionescu R, Wittkopf JA, Baidak A, Holder H, Santoro C, Lavacchi A, Urban JJ, Casiraghi C. Synthesis of 2D anatase TiO 2 with highly reactive facets by fluorine-free topochemical conversion of 1T-TiS 2 nanosheets. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY. A 2022; 10:13884-13894. [PMID: 35872702 PMCID: PMC9255669 DOI: 10.1039/d1ta06695a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) anatase titanium dioxide (TiO2) is expected to exhibit different properties as compared to anatase nanocrystallites, due to its highly reactive exposed facets. However, access to 2D anatase TiO2 is limited by the non-layered nature of the bulk crystal, which does not allow use of top-down chemical exfoliation. Large efforts have been dedicated to the growth of 2D anatase TiO2 with high reactive facets by bottom-up approaches, which relies on the use of harmful chemical reagents. Here, we demonstrate a novel fluorine-free strategy based on topochemical conversion of 2D 1T-TiS2 for the production of single crystalline 2D anatase TiO2, exposing the {001} facet on the top and bottom and {100} at the sides of the nanosheet. The exposure of these faces, with no additional defects or doping, gives rise to a significant activity enhancement in the hydrogen evolution reaction, as compared to commercially available Degussa P25 TiO2 nanoparticles. Because of the strong potential of TiO2 in many energy-based applications, our topochemical approach offers a low cost, green and mass scalable route for production of highly crystalline anatase TiO2 with well controlled and highly reactive exposed facets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Zarattini
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester UK M13 9PL
| | - Chaochao Dun
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Liam H Isherwood
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester UK M13 9PL
- Dalton Cumbrian Facility, University of Manchester, Westlakes Science and Technology Park Moor Row Cumbria UK CA24 3HA, UK
| | - Alexandre Felten
- Physics Department, Université de Namur Rue de Bruxelles Namur Belgium
| | - Jonathan Filippi
- ICCOM-CNR Via Madonna del Piano 10 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI) Italy
| | - Madeleine P Gordon
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA
- Applied Science and Technology Graduate Group, University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Linfei Zhang
- School of Automotive Engineering, Guangdong Polytechnic of Science and Technology Zhuhai P. R. China
| | - Omar Kassem
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester UK M13 9PL
| | - Xiuju Song
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester UK M13 9PL
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 P. R. China
| | - Robert Ionescu
- HP Laboratories 1501 Page Mill Road Palo Alto California 94304 USA
| | | | - Aliaksandr Baidak
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester UK M13 9PL
- Dalton Cumbrian Facility, University of Manchester, Westlakes Science and Technology Park Moor Row Cumbria UK CA24 3HA, UK
| | - Helen Holder
- HP Laboratories 1501 Page Mill Road Palo Alto California 94304 USA
| | - Carlo Santoro
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano-Bicocca Via Cozzi 5 20125 Milano Italy
| | | | - Jeffrey J Urban
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Cinzia Casiraghi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester UK M13 9PL
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15
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Markovskaya DV, Kozlova EA. Photoelectrodes Based on Cadmium and Zinc Sulfides for the Light Energy Conversion to Electrical Energy: The Role of the Materials’ Chemical Composition and Electrolyte Concentration. RUSS J ELECTROCHEM+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1023193522070102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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16
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Kokulnathan T, Vishnuraj R, Chen SM, Pullithadathil B, Ahmed F, Hasan PMZ, Bilgrami AL, Kumar S. Tailored construction of one-dimensional TiO 2/Au nanofibers: Validation of an analytical assay for detection of diphenylamine in food samples. Food Chem 2022; 380:132052. [PMID: 35105505 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
We report a one-dimensional titanium dioxide encapsulated with gold heterojunction nanofibers (TiO2/Au NFs) as robust electrocatalysts for electrochemical detection of diphenylamine (DPA). A TiO2/Au NFs were successfully synthesized by a coaxial electrospinning method. The formation of TiO2/Au NFs was confirmed by various analytical and spectroscopic approaches. The fabricated TiO2/Au NFs modified screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCE) exhibit a well-enhanced detection activity towards DPA sensing as compared to other electrodes. Under the experimental conditions, the proposed electrode leading to the sensing range from 0.05 to 60 µM with a detection limit of 0.009 µM was obtained for the DPA detection. Moreover, the TiO2/Au NFs/SPCE showed good selectivity towards the electrochemical oxidation of DPA. Interestingly, the TiO2/Au NFs modified electrode was then applied to detect the effect of DPA on spiked content in the food samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thangavelu Kokulnathan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan; Department of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | | | - Shen-Ming Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
| | - Biji Pullithadathil
- Nanosensor Laboratory, PSG Institute of Advanced Studies, Coimbatore 641 004, India
| | - Faheem Ahmed
- Department of Physics, College of Science, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Hofuf, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - P M Z Hasan
- Center of Nanotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anwar L Bilgrami
- Deanship of Scientific Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shalendra Kumar
- Department of Physics, College of Science, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Hofuf, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; Department of Physics, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun 248007, India
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17
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Santos JS, Fereidooni M, Marquez V, Arumugam M, Tahir M, Praserthdam S, Praserthdam P. Single-step fabrication of highly stable amorphous TiO 2 nanotubes arrays (am-TNTA) for stimulating gas-phase photoreduction of CO 2 to methane. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 289:133170. [PMID: 34875298 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the facile fabrication of interfacial defects assisted amorphous TiO2 nanotubes arrays (am-TNTA) for promoting gas-phase CO2 photoreduction to methane. The am-TNTA catalyst was fabricated via a one-step synthesis, without heat treatment, by anodization of Titanium in Ethylene glycol-based electrolyte in a shorter anodizing time. The samples presented a TiO2 nanostructured array with a nanotubular diameter of 100 ± 10 nm, a wall thickness of 26 ± 5 nm, and length of 3.7 ± 0.3 μm, resulting in a specific surface of 0.75 m2 g. The am-TNTA presented prolonged chemical stability, a high exposed surface area, and a large number of surface traps that can reduce the recombination of the charge carriers. The am-TNTA showed promising photoactivity when tested in the CO2 reduction reaction with water under UV irradiation with a methane production rate of 14.0 μmol gcat-1 h-1 for a pure TiO2 material without any modification procedure. This enhanced photocatalytic activity can be explained in terms of surface defects of the amorphous structure, mainly OH groups that can act as electron traps for increasing the electron lifetime. The CO2 interacts directly with those traps, forming carbonate species, which favors the catalytic conversion to methane. The am-TNTA also exhibited a high stability during six reaction cycles. The photocatalytic activity, the significantly reduced time for synthesis, and high stability for continuous CH4 production make this nanomaterial a potential candidate for a sustainable CO2 reduction process and can be employed for other energy applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janaina S Santos
- Center of Excellence on Catalysis and Catalytic Reaction Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Mohammad Fereidooni
- Center of Excellence on Catalysis and Catalytic Reaction Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Victor Marquez
- Center of Excellence on Catalysis and Catalytic Reaction Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Malathi Arumugam
- Center of Excellence on Catalysis and Catalytic Reaction Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Muhammad Tahir
- Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Department, UAE University, P.O. Box 15551, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; Chemical Reaction Engineering Group (CREG), School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, UTM, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Supareak Praserthdam
- High-Performance Computing Unit (CECC-HCU), Center of Excellence on Catalysis and Catalytic Reaction Engineering (CECC), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Piyasan Praserthdam
- Center of Excellence on Catalysis and Catalytic Reaction Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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18
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Rettenmaier K, Berger T. Impact of Nanoparticle Consolidation on Charge Separation Efficiency in Anatase TiO 2 Films. Front Chem 2021; 9:772116. [PMID: 34858947 PMCID: PMC8631187 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.772116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesoporous films and electrodes were prepared from aqueous slurries of isolated anatase TiO2 nanoparticles. The resulting layers were annealed in air at temperatures 100°C ≤ T ≤ 450°C upon preservation of internal surface area, crystallite size and particle size. The impact of processing temperature on charge separation efficiency in nanoparticle electrodes was tracked via photocurrent measurements in the presence of methanol as a hole acceptor. Thermal annealing leads to an increase of the saturated photocurrent and thus of the charge separation efficiency at positive potentials. Furthermore, a shift of capacitive peaks in the cyclic voltammograms of the nanoparticle electrodes points to the modification of the energy of deep traps. Population of these traps triggers recombination possibly due to the action of local electrostatic fields attracting photogenerated holes. Consequently, photocurrents saturate at potentials, at which deep traps are mostly depopulated. Charge separation efficiency was furthermore investigated for nanoparticle films and was tracked via the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. Our observations evidence an increase of charge separation efficiency upon thermal annealing. The effect of particle consolidation, which we associate with minute atomic rearrangements at particle/particle contacts, is attributed to the energetic modification of deep traps and corresponding modifications of charge transport and recombination, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Rettenmaier
- Department of Chemistry and Physics of Materials, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Thomas Berger
- Department of Chemistry and Physics of Materials, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
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19
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Krystynik P, Kluson P, Vesely M, Dzik P, Krysa J. Active Sites in Heterogeneous Photocatalysis: Brief Notes on the Identification of their Analogies with the Standard Heterogeneous Catalysis Concept. Chem Eng Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.202100249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Krystynik
- University of J. E. Purkyne in Usti nad Labem Faculty of Environment Pasteurova 3632/15 400 96 Usti nad Labem Czech Republic
- Czech Academy of Sciences Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals Rozvojova 135/2 160 00 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Petr Kluson
- Czech Academy of Sciences Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals Rozvojova 135/2 160 00 Prague Czech Republic
- Charles University in Prague Institute of Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science Benatska 2 120 00 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Michal Vesely
- VUT in Brno Faculty of Chemistry Purkynova 464 612 00 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Petr Dzik
- VUT in Brno Faculty of Chemistry Purkynova 464 612 00 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Josef Krysa
- University of Chemistry and Technology Prague Technicka 5 165 02 Prague 6 Czech Republic
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20
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Prasadam VP, Huerta Flores AM, Bahlawane N. CNT-TiO 2 core-shell structure: synthesis and photoelectrochemical characterization. RSC Adv 2021; 11:33169-33178. [PMID: 35493557 PMCID: PMC9042234 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra05723e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Porous composite coatings, made of a carbon nanotube (CNT)–TiO2 core–shell structure, were synthesized by the hybrid CVD-ALD process. The resulting TiO2 shell features an anatase crystalline structure that covers uniformly the surface of the CNTs. These composite coatings were investigated as photoanodes for the photo-electrochemical (PEC) water splitting reaction. The CNT–TiO2 core–shell configuration outperforms the bare TiO2 films obtained using the same process regardless of the deposited anatase thickness. The improvement factor, exceeding 400% in photocurrent featuring a core–shell structure, was attributed to the enhancement of the interface area with the electrolyte and the electrons fast withdrawal. The estimation of the photo-electrochemically effective surface area reveals that the strong absorption properties of CNT severely limit the light penetration depth in the CNT–TiO2 system. CNT–TiO2 core–shell nanostructured coatings were made using a hybrid CVD/ALD process. The evaluation of these films as photoanodes for the photoelectrochemical water splitting reaction reveals a clear benefit from the involvement of CNTs.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasu Prasad Prasadam
- Material Research and Technology Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology Rue du Brill L-4422 Belvaux Luxembourg
| | - Ali Margot Huerta Flores
- Material Research and Technology Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology Rue du Brill L-4422 Belvaux Luxembourg
| | - Naoufal Bahlawane
- Material Research and Technology Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology Rue du Brill L-4422 Belvaux Luxembourg
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21
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Jiménez-Arévalo N, Flores E, Giampietri A, Sbroscia M, Betti MG, Mariani C, Ares JR, J. Ferrer I, Leardini F. Borocarbonitride Layers on Titanium Dioxide Nanoribbons for Efficient Photoelectrocatalytic Water Splitting. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14195490. [PMID: 34639887 PMCID: PMC8509612 DOI: 10.3390/ma14195490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Heterostructures formed by ultrathin borocarbonitride (BCN) layers grown on TiO2 nanoribbons were investigated as photoanodes for photoelectrochemical water splitting. TiO2 nanoribbons were obtained by thermal oxidation of TiS3 samples. Then, BCN layers were successfully grown by plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition. The structure and the chemical composition of the starting TiS3, the TiO2 nanoribbons and the TiO2-BCN heterostructures were investigated by Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Diffuse reflectance measurements showed a change in the gap from 0.94 eV (TiS3) to 3.3 eV (TiO2) after the thermal annealing of the starting material. Morphological characterizations, such as scanning electron microscopy and optical microscopy, show that the morphology of the samples was not affected by the change in the structure and composition. The obtained TiO2-BCN heterostructures were measured in a photoelectrochemical cell, showing an enhanced density of current under dark conditions and higher photocurrents when compared with TiO2. Finally, using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, the flat band potential was determined to be equal in both TiO2 and TiO2-BCN samples, whereas the product of the dielectric constant and the density of donors was higher for TiO2-BCN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Jiménez-Arévalo
- Departamento de Física de Materiales, Campus de Cantoblanco, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain; (J.R.A.); (I.J.F.); (F.L.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Eduardo Flores
- Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología (CNyN), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ensenada 22860, BC, Mexico;
| | - Alessio Giampietri
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma ‘La Sapienza’, I-00185 Rome, Italy; (A.G.); (M.S.); (M.G.B.); (C.M.)
| | - Marco Sbroscia
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma ‘La Sapienza’, I-00185 Rome, Italy; (A.G.); (M.S.); (M.G.B.); (C.M.)
| | - Maria Grazia Betti
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma ‘La Sapienza’, I-00185 Rome, Italy; (A.G.); (M.S.); (M.G.B.); (C.M.)
| | - Carlo Mariani
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma ‘La Sapienza’, I-00185 Rome, Italy; (A.G.); (M.S.); (M.G.B.); (C.M.)
| | - José R. Ares
- Departamento de Física de Materiales, Campus de Cantoblanco, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain; (J.R.A.); (I.J.F.); (F.L.)
| | - Isabel J. Ferrer
- Departamento de Física de Materiales, Campus de Cantoblanco, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain; (J.R.A.); (I.J.F.); (F.L.)
- Instituto Nicolás Cabrera, Campus de Cantoblanco, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Fabrice Leardini
- Departamento de Física de Materiales, Campus de Cantoblanco, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain; (J.R.A.); (I.J.F.); (F.L.)
- Instituto Nicolás Cabrera, Campus de Cantoblanco, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
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22
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Bertel L, Miranda DA, García-Martín JM. Nanostructured Titanium Dioxide Surfaces for Electrochemical Biosensing. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:6167. [PMID: 34577374 PMCID: PMC8468921 DOI: 10.3390/s21186167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
TiO2 electrochemical biosensors represent an option for biomolecules recognition associated with diseases, food or environmental contaminants, drug interactions and related topics. The relevance of TiO2 biosensors is due to the high selectivity and sensitivity that can be achieved. The development of electrochemical biosensors based on nanostructured TiO2 surfaces requires knowing the signal extracted from them and its relationship with the properties of the transducer, such as the crystalline phase, the roughness and the morphology of the TiO2 nanostructures. Using relevant literature published in the last decade, an overview of TiO2 based biosensors is here provided. First, the principal fabrication methods of nanostructured TiO2 surfaces are presented and their properties are briefly described. Secondly, the different detection techniques and representative examples of their applications are provided. Finally, the functionalization strategies with biomolecules are discussed. This work could contribute as a reference for the design of electrochemical biosensors based on nanostructured TiO2 surfaces, considering the detection technique and the experimental electrochemical conditions needed for a specific analyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Bertel
- CMN-CIMBIOS Group, Escuela de Física, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Cra 27 Cll 9, Bucaramanga 680002, Colombia; (L.B.); (D.A.M.)
| | - David A. Miranda
- CMN-CIMBIOS Group, Escuela de Física, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Cra 27 Cll 9, Bucaramanga 680002, Colombia; (L.B.); (D.A.M.)
| | - José Miguel García-Martín
- Instituto de Micro y Nanotecnología, IMN-CNM, CSIC (CEI UAM+CSIC), Isaac Newton 8, E-28760 Madrid, Spain
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23
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Gong R, Mitoraj D, Leiter R, Mundszinger M, Mengele AK, Krivtsov I, Biskupek J, Kaiser U, Beranek R, Rau S. Anatase-Wrapped Rutile Nanorods as an Effective Electron Collector in Hybrid Photoanodes for Visible Light-Driven Oxygen Evolution. Front Chem 2021; 9:709903. [PMID: 34485243 PMCID: PMC8416449 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.709903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Arrays of single crystal TiO2 rutile nanorods (RNRs) appear highly promising as electron-collecting substrates in hybrid photoanodes as the RNRs offer direct charge carriers transport pathways, contrary to the conventional electrodes prepared from TiO2 powders that suffer from the numerous charge traps at the grain boundaries. However, the specific surface area of the nanorods is highly limited by their smooth morphology, which might be detrimental in view of utilizing the RNR as a substrate for immobilizing other functional materials. In this study, we developed a novel anatase-wrapped RNR (ARNR) material fabricated by a facile seed layer-free hydrothermal method. The ARNR comprises polycrystalline anatase nanoparticles formed on the surface of RNR, resulting in a large surface area that provides more deposition sites compared to the bare nanorods. Herein, we functionalize ARNR and RNR electrodes with polymeric carbon nitride (CNx) coupled with a CoO(OH)x cocatalyst for dioxygen evolution. The anatase wrapping of the rutile nanorod scaffold is found to be crucial for effective deposition of CNx and for improved photoanode operation in visible light-driven (λ > 420 nm) oxygen evolution, yielding a significant enhancement of photocurrent (by the factor of ∼3.7 at 1.23 V vs. RHE) and faradaic efficiency of oxygen evolution (by the factor of ∼2) as compared to photoanodes without anatase interlayer. This study thus highlights the importance of careful interfacial engineering in constructing photoelectrocatalytic systems for solar energy conversion and paves the way for the use of ARNR-based electron collectors in further hybrid and composite photochemical architectures for solar fuel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihao Gong
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry I, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Robert Leiter
- Electron Microscopy Group of Materials Science, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Manuel Mundszinger
- Electron Microscopy Group of Materials Science, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Igor Krivtsov
- Institute of Electrochemistry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Johannes Biskupek
- Electron Microscopy Group of Materials Science, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ute Kaiser
- Electron Microscopy Group of Materials Science, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Radim Beranek
- Institute of Electrochemistry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Sven Rau
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry I, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
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24
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Kim Y, Kriegel S, Bessmertnykh‐Lemeune A, Harris KD, Limoges B, Balland V. Interplay Between Charge Accumulation and Oxygen Reduction Catalysis in Nanostructured TiO
2
Electrodes Functionalized with a Molecular Catalyst. ChemElectroChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202100424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yee‐Seul Kim
- Université de Paris Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, UMR 7591, CNRS 75013 Paris France
| | - Sébastien Kriegel
- Université de Paris Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, UMR 7591, CNRS 75013 Paris France
| | - Alla Bessmertnykh‐Lemeune
- ENS de Lyon, UMR 5182, CNRS Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Laboratoire de Chimie 69342 Lyon France
| | - Kenneth D. Harris
- NRC Nanotechnology Research Centre Edmonton Alberta T6G 2 M9 Canada
- Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta T6G 2 V4 Canada
| | - Benoît Limoges
- Université de Paris Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, UMR 7591, CNRS 75013 Paris France
| | - Véronique Balland
- Université de Paris Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, UMR 7591, CNRS 75013 Paris France
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25
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Jiménez JM, Perdolt D, Berger T. Reactivity of Hydrogen-Related Electron Centers in Powders, Layers, and Electrodes Consisting of Anatase TiO 2 Nanocrystal Aggregates. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2021; 125:13809-13818. [PMID: 34239660 PMCID: PMC8256420 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c01580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Anatase TiO2 nanoparticle aggregates were used as model systems for studying at different water activities the reactivity of electron centers at semiconductor surfaces. The investigated surface conditions evolve from a solid/vacuum interface to a solid/bulk electrolyte interface. Hydrogen-related electron centers were generated either chemically-upon sample exposure to atomic hydrogen at the semiconductor/gas interface-or electrochemically-upon bias-induced charge accumulation at the semiconductor/electrolyte interface. Based on their corresponding spectroscopic and electrochemical fingerprints, we investigated the reactivity of hydrogen-related electron centers as a function of the interfacial condition and at different levels of complexity, that is, (i) for dehydrated and (partially) dehydroxylated oxide surfaces, (ii) for oxide surfaces covered by a thin film of interfacial water, and (iii) for oxide surfaces in contact with a 0.1 M HClO4 aqueous solution. Visible (Vis) and infrared (IR) spectroscopy evidence a chemical equilibrium between hydrogen atoms in the gas phase and-following their dissociation-electron/proton centers in the oxide. The excess electrons are either localized forming (Vis-active) Ti3+ centers or delocalized as (IR-active) free conduction band electrons. The addition of molecular oxygen to chemically reduced anatase TiO2 nanoparticle aggregates leads to a quantitative quenching of Ti3+ centers, while a fraction of ∼10% of hydrogen-derived conduction band electrons remains in the oxide pointing to a persistent hydrogen doping of the semiconductor. Neither trapped electrons (i.e., Ti3+ centers) nor conduction band electrons react with water or its adsorption products at the oxide surface. However, the presence of an interfacial water layer does not impede the electron transfer to molecular oxygen. At the semiconductor/electrolyte interface, inactivity of trapped electrons with regard to water reduction and electron transfer to oxygen were evidenced by cyclic voltammetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Miguel Jiménez
- Department
of Chemistry and Physics of Materials, University
of Salzburg, Jakob-Haringer-Strasse 2a, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Daniel Perdolt
- Department
of Chemistry and Physics of Materials, University
of Salzburg, Jakob-Haringer-Strasse 2a, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Thomas Berger
- Department
of Chemistry and Physics of Materials, University
of Salzburg, Jakob-Haringer-Strasse 2a, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria
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26
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Zhou D, Fan K. Recent strategies to enhance the efficiency of hematite photoanodes in photoelectrochemical water splitting. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(20)63712-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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27
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Adler C, Krivtsov I, Mitoraj D, dos Santos‐Gómez L, García‐Granda S, Neumann C, Kund J, Kranz C, Mizaikoff B, Turchanin A, Beranek R. Sol-Gel Processing of Water-Soluble Carbon Nitride Enables High-Performance Photoanodes*. CHEMSUSCHEM 2021; 14:2170-2179. [PMID: 33576576 PMCID: PMC8248241 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202100313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
In spite of the enormous promise that polymeric carbon nitride (PCN) materials hold for various applications, the fabrication of high-quality, binder-free PCN films and electrodes has been a largely elusive goal to date. Here, we tackle this challenge by devising, for the first time, a water-based sol-gel approach that enables facile preparation of thin films based on poly(heptazine imide) (PHI), a polymer belonging to the PCN family. The sol-gel process capitalizes on the use of a water-soluble PHI precursor that allows formation of a non-covalent hydrogel. The hydrogel can be deposited on conductive substrates, resulting in formation of mechanically stable polymeric thin layers. The resulting photoanodes exhibit unprecedented photoelectrochemical (PEC) performance in alcohol reforming and highly selective (∼100 %) conversions with very high photocurrents (>0.25 mA cm-2 under 2 sun) down to <0 V vs. RHE. This enables even effective PEC operation under zero-bias conditions and represents the very first example of a 'soft matter'-based PEC system capable of bias-free photoreforming. The robust binder-free films derived from sol-gel processing of water-soluble PCN thus constitute a new paradigm for high-performance 'soft matter' photoelectrocatalytic systems and pave the way for further applications in which high-quality PCN films are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Adler
- Institute of ElectrochemistryUlm UniversityAlbert-Einstein-Allee 4789081UlmGermany
| | - Igor Krivtsov
- Institute of ElectrochemistryUlm UniversityAlbert-Einstein-Allee 4789081UlmGermany
| | - Dariusz Mitoraj
- Institute of ElectrochemistryUlm UniversityAlbert-Einstein-Allee 4789081UlmGermany
| | - Lucía dos Santos‐Gómez
- Department of Physical and Analytical ChemistryUniversity of Oviedo-CINN33006OviedoSpain
| | - Santiago García‐Granda
- Department of Physical and Analytical ChemistryUniversity of Oviedo-CINN33006OviedoSpain
| | - Christof Neumann
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of PhotonicsFriedrich Schiller University JenaLessingstr. 1007743JenaGermany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry JenaCEEC Jena)Philosophenweg 7a07743JenaGermany
| | - Julian Kund
- Institute of Analytical and Bioanalytical ChemistryUlm UniversityAlbert-Einstein-Allee 1189081UlmGermany
| | - Christine Kranz
- Institute of Analytical and Bioanalytical ChemistryUlm UniversityAlbert-Einstein-Allee 1189081UlmGermany
| | - Boris Mizaikoff
- Institute of Analytical and Bioanalytical ChemistryUlm UniversityAlbert-Einstein-Allee 1189081UlmGermany
| | - Andrey Turchanin
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of PhotonicsFriedrich Schiller University JenaLessingstr. 1007743JenaGermany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry JenaCEEC Jena)Philosophenweg 7a07743JenaGermany
| | - Radim Beranek
- Institute of ElectrochemistryUlm UniversityAlbert-Einstein-Allee 4789081UlmGermany
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Comparative Photo-Electrochemical and Photocatalytic Studies with Nanosized TiO2 Photocatalysts towards Organic Pollutants Oxidation. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11030349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The size of TiO2 can significantly affect both its photocatalytic and photo-electrochemical properties, thus altering the photooxidation of organic pollutants in air or water. In this work, we give an account of the photo-electrochemical and photocatalytic features of some nanosized TiO2 commercial powders towards a model reaction, the photooxidation of acetone. Cyclic voltammograms (CV) of TiO2 particulate electrodes under UV illumination experiments were carried out in either saturated O2 or N2 solutions for a direct correlation with the photocatalytic process. In addition, the effect of different reaction conditions on the photocatalytic efficiency under UV light in both aqueous and gaseous phases was also investigated. CV curves with the addition of acetone under UV light showed a negative shift of the photocurrent onset, confirming the efficient transfer of photoproduced reactive oxygen species (ROSs), e.g., hydroxyl radicals or holes to acetone molecules. The photocatalytic experiments showed that the two nano-sized samples exhibit the best photocatalytic performance. The different photoactivity of the larger-sized samples is probably attributed to their morphological differences, affecting both the amount and distribution of free ROSs involved in the photooxidation reaction. Finally, a direct correlation between the photocatalytic measurements in gas phase and the photo-electrochemical measurements in aqueous phase is given, thus evincing the important role of the substrate-surface interaction with similar acetone concentrations.
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A CeO2 Semiconductor as a Photocatalytic and Photoelectrocatalytic Material for the Remediation of Pollutants in Industrial Wastewater: A Review. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10121435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The direct discharge of industrial wastewater into the environment results in serious contamination. Photocatalytic treatment with the application of sunlight and its enhancement by coupling with electrocatalytic degradation offers an inexpensive and green technology enabling the total removal of refractory pollutants such as surfactants, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, textile dyes, and heavy metals, from industrial wastewater. Among metal oxide—semiconductors, cerium dioxide (CeO2) is one of the photocatalysts most commonly applied in pollutant degradation. CeO2 exhibits promising photocatalytic activity. Nonetheless, the position of conduction bands (CB) and valence bands (VB) in CeO2 limits its application as an efficient photocatalyst utilizing solar energy. Its photocatalytic activity in wastewater treatment can be improved by various modification techniques, including changes in morphology, doping with metal cation dopants and non-metal dopants, coupling with other semiconductors, and combining it with carbon supporting materials. This paper presents a general overview of CeO2 application as a single or composite photocatalyst in the treatment of various pollutants. The photocatalytic characteristics of CeO2 and its composites are described. The main photocatalytic reactions with the participation of CeO2 under UV and VIS irradiation are presented. This review summarizes the existing knowledge, with a particular focus on the main experimental conditions employed in the photocatalytic and photoelectrocatalytic degradation of various pollutants with the application of CeO2 as a single and composite photocatalyst.
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30
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Harris-Lee TR, Zhang Y, Bowen CR, Fletcher PJ, Zhao Y, Guo Z, Innocent JWF, Johnson SAL, Marken F. Photo-Chlorine Production with Hydrothermally Grown and Vacuum-Annealed Nanocrystalline Rutile. Electrocatalysis (N Y) 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12678-020-00630-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
AbstractPhoto-generated high-energy surface states can help to produce chlorine in aqueous environments. Here, aligned rutile (TiO2) nanocrystal arrays are grown onto fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates and activated either by hydrothermal Sr/Ba surface doping and/or by vacuum-annealing. With vacuum-annealing, highly photoactive films are obtained with photocurrents of typically 8 mA cm−2 at 1.0 V vs. SCE in 1 M KCl (LED illumination with λ = 385 nm and approx. 100 mW cm−2). Photoelectrochemical chlorine production is demonstrated at proof-of-concept scale in 4 M NaCl and suggested to be linked mainly to the production of Ti(III) surface species by vacuum-annealing, as detected by post-catalysis XPS, rather than to Sr/Ba doping at the rutile surface. The vacuum-annealing treatment is proposed to beneficially affect (i) bulk semiconductor TiO2 nanocrystal properties and electron harvesting, (ii) surface TiO2 reactivity towards chloride adsorption and oxidation, and (iii) FTO substrate performance.
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31
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Yu J, Seo S, Luo Y, Sun Y, Oh S, Nguyen CTK, Seo C, Kim JH, Kim J, Lee H. Efficient and Stable Solar Hydrogen Generation of Hydrophilic Rhenium-Disulfide-Based Photocatalysts via Chemically Controlled Charge Transfer Paths. ACS NANO 2020; 14:1715-1726. [PMID: 31990522 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b07366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Effective charge separation and rapid transport of photogenerated charge carriers without self-oxidation in transition metal dichalcogenide photocatalysts are required for highly efficient and stable hydrogen generation. Here, we report that a molecular junction as an electron transfer path toward two-dimensional rhenium disulfide (2D ReS2) nanosheets from zero-dimensional titanium dioxide (0D TiO2) nanoparticles induces high efficiency and stability of solar hydrogen generation by balanced charge transport of photogenerated charge carriers. The molecular junctions are created through the chemical bonds between the functionalized ReS2 nanosheets (e.g., -COOH groups) and -OH groups of two-phase TiO2 (i.e., ReS2-C6H5C(═O)-O-TiO2 denoted by ReS2-BzO-TiO2). This enhances the chemical energy at the conduction band minimum of ReS2 in ReS2-BzO-TiO2, leading to efficiently improved hydrogen reduction. Through the molecular junction (a Z-scheme charge transfer path) in ReS2-BzO-TiO2, recombination of photogenerated charges and self-oxidation of the photocatalyst are restrained, resulting in a high photocatalytic activity (9.5 mmol h-1 per gram of ReS2 nanosheets, a 4750-fold enhancement compared to bulk ReS2) toward solar hydrogen generation with high cycling stability of more than 20 h. Our results provide an effective charge transfer path of photocatalytic TMDs by preventing self-oxidation, leading to increases in photocatalytic durability and a transport rate of the photogenerated charge carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmin Yu
- Centre for Integrated Nanostructure Physics (CINAP) , Institute of Basic Science (IBS) , Suwon 16419 , Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419 , Republic of Korea
| | - Sohyeon Seo
- Centre for Integrated Nanostructure Physics (CINAP) , Institute of Basic Science (IBS) , Suwon 16419 , Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419 , Republic of Korea
| | - Yongguang Luo
- Centre for Integrated Nanostructure Physics (CINAP) , Institute of Basic Science (IBS) , Suwon 16419 , Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419 , Republic of Korea
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Energy Science , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419 , Republic of Korea
| | - Simgeon Oh
- Centre for Integrated Nanostructure Physics (CINAP) , Institute of Basic Science (IBS) , Suwon 16419 , Republic of Korea
- Department of Energy Science , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419 , Republic of Korea
| | - Chau T K Nguyen
- Centre for Integrated Nanostructure Physics (CINAP) , Institute of Basic Science (IBS) , Suwon 16419 , Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419 , Republic of Korea
| | - Changwon Seo
- Centre for Integrated Nanostructure Physics (CINAP) , Institute of Basic Science (IBS) , Suwon 16419 , Republic of Korea
- Department of Energy Science , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419 , Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hee Kim
- Centre for Integrated Nanostructure Physics (CINAP) , Institute of Basic Science (IBS) , Suwon 16419 , Republic of Korea
- Department of Energy Science , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419 , Republic of Korea
| | - Joonsoo Kim
- Centre for Integrated Nanostructure Physics (CINAP) , Institute of Basic Science (IBS) , Suwon 16419 , Republic of Korea
- Department of Energy Science , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419 , Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoyoung Lee
- Centre for Integrated Nanostructure Physics (CINAP) , Institute of Basic Science (IBS) , Suwon 16419 , Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419 , Republic of Korea
- Department of Energy Science , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419 , Republic of Korea
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Jeon TH, Monllor-Satoca D, Moon GH, Kim W, Kim HI, Bahnemann DW, Park H, Choi W. Ag(I) ions working as a hole-transfer mediator in photoelectrocatalytic water oxidation on WO 3 film. Nat Commun 2020; 11:967. [PMID: 32075977 PMCID: PMC7031530 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14775-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ag(I) is commonly employed as an electron scavenger to promote water oxidation. In addition to its straightforward role as an electron acceptor, Ag(I) can also capture holes to generate the high-valent silver species. Herein, we demonstrate photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) water oxidation and concurrent dioxygen evolution by the silver redox cycle where Ag(I) acts as a hole-transfer mediator. Ag(I) enhances the PEC performance of WO3 electrodes at 1.23 V vs. RHE with increasing O2 evolution, while forming Ag(II) complexes (AgIINO3+). Upon turning off both light and potential bias, the photocurrent immediately drops to zero, whereas O2 evolution continues over ~10 h with gradual bleaching of the colored complexes. This phenomenon is observed neither in the Ag(I)-free PEC reactions nor in the photocatalytic (i.e., bias-free) reactions with Ag(I). This study finds that the role of Ag(I) is not limited as an electron scavenger and calls for more thorough studies on the effect of Ag(I). While water splitting catalysis may provide a renewable means to produce fuel, sacrificial reagents are typically employed to assess the water oxidation half reaction. Here, authors find the silver redox cycle to mediate O2 evolution in photoelectrocatalytic water oxidation with WO3 electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Hwa Jeon
- Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Korea
| | - Damián Monllor-Satoca
- Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Korea.,Department of Analytical and Applied Chemistry, Institut Químic de Sarrià (IQS)-School of Engineering, Universitat Ra-mon Llull, Via Augusta, 390, 08017, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gun-Hee Moon
- Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Korea
| | - Wooyul Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Korea
| | - Hyoung-Il Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Detlef W Bahnemann
- "Photocatalysis and Nanotechnology", Institut fuer Technische Chemie, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Hyunwoong Park
- School of Energy Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Korea.
| | - Wonyong Choi
- Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Korea.
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33
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Benazzi E, Rettenmaier K, Berger T, Caramori S, Berardi S, Argazzi R, Prato M, Syrgiannis Z. Photoelectrochemical Properties of SnO 2 Photoanodes Sensitized by Cationic Perylene-Di-Imide Aggregates for Aqueous HBr Splitting. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2020; 124:1317-1329. [PMID: 32903288 PMCID: PMC7116044 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b11039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Perylene-sensitized mesoporous SnO2 films were used as electrodes for photoelectrochemical HBr splitting in aqueous solution. Upon AM 1.5 G illumination a 3-4 fold increase of the saturated photocurrent was observed when decreasing the pH of the aqueous solution from pH 3 to pH 0 (j max = 0.05 ± 0.01 mAcm-2 at pH 3 and 0.17 ± 0.02 mAcm-2 at pH 0, respectively). A detailed spectroscopic and electrochemical analysis of the hybrid material was carried out in order to address the impact of interfacial energetics on charge separation dynamics. UV/Vis spectroelectrochemical measurements showed that the energy of semiconductor states in such systems can be adjusted independently from the molecular levels by varying proton concentration. Photoelectrochemical measurements and ns-μs transient absorption spectroscopy reveal that pH-related changes of the interfacial energetics have only a minor impact on the charge injection rate. An increase of the proton concentration improves charge collection mainly by retarding recombination, which in the case of Br- oxidation is in critical competition with perylene regeneration. Control of the back recombination appears to be a key feature in heterogeneous molecular systems tasked to drive energetically demanding redox reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Benazzi
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences of the University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara
| | - Karin Rettenmaier
- Department of Chemistry and Physics of Materials, University of Salzburg, Jakob-Haringer-Straße 2a, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Thomas Berger
- Department of Chemistry and Physics of Materials, University of Salzburg, Jakob-Haringer-Straße 2a, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Thomas Berger: ; Stefano Caramori:
| | - Stefano Caramori
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences of the University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara
- Thomas Berger: ; Stefano Caramori:
| | - Serena Berardi
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences of the University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara
| | - Roberto Argazzi
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences of the University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara
- ISOF-CNR, c/o Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences of the University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara
| | - Maurizio Prato
- Center of Excellence for Nanostructured Materials (CENMAT), INSTM UdR di Trieste, Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
- Carbon Bionanotechnology Laboratory, CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo de Miramón 182, San Sebastian, Spain
- Basque Fdn Sci, Ikerbasque, Bilbao 48013, Spain
| | - Zois Syrgiannis
- Center of Excellence for Nanostructured Materials (CENMAT), INSTM UdR di Trieste, Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
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34
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Singh S, Prajapat R, Rather RA, Pal B. Aloe-vera flower shaped rutile TiO2 for selective hydrogenation of nitroaromatics under direct sunlight irradiation. ARAB J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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35
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Electrochemical reduction on nanostructured TiO2 for enhanced photoelectrocatalytic oxidation. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.135162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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36
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Monllor-Satoca D, Díez-García MI, Lana-Villarreal T, Gómez R. Photoelectrocatalytic production of solar fuels with semiconductor oxides: materials, activity and modeling. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:12272-12289. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc04387g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Transition metal oxides keep on being excellent candidates as electrode materials for the photoelectrochemical conversion of solar energy into chemical energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damián Monllor-Satoca
- Departament de Química Física i Institut Universitari d'Electroquímica
- Universitat d'Alacant
- Alicante
- Spain
| | - María Isabel Díez-García
- Departament de Química Física i Institut Universitari d'Electroquímica
- Universitat d'Alacant
- Alicante
- Spain
| | - Teresa Lana-Villarreal
- Departament de Química Física i Institut Universitari d'Electroquímica
- Universitat d'Alacant
- Alicante
- Spain
| | - Roberto Gómez
- Departament de Química Física i Institut Universitari d'Electroquímica
- Universitat d'Alacant
- Alicante
- Spain
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37
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Zheng M, Ma X, Hu J, Zhang X, Li D, Duan W. Novel recyclable BiOBr/Fe3O4/RGO composites with remarkable visible-light photocatalytic activity. RSC Adv 2020; 10:19961-19973. [PMID: 35520430 PMCID: PMC9054123 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra01668c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetic BiOBr/Fe3O4/RGO composites with remarkable photocatalytic capability were prepared by a simple hydrothermal method to load 3D flower-like microspherical BiOBr onto the surface of Fe3O4/RGO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingkun Zheng
- School of Science and Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for High-efficiency Utilization of Solar Energy
- Hubei University of Technology
- Wuhan 430068
- China
| | - Xinguo Ma
- School of Science and Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for High-efficiency Utilization of Solar Energy
- Hubei University of Technology
- Wuhan 430068
- China
| | - Jisong Hu
- School of Science and Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for High-efficiency Utilization of Solar Energy
- Hubei University of Technology
- Wuhan 430068
- China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage
- Ministry of Education
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
| | - Di Li
- School of Metallurgical Engineering
- Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology
- Xi'an
- China
| | - Wangyang Duan
- School of Science and Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for High-efficiency Utilization of Solar Energy
- Hubei University of Technology
- Wuhan 430068
- China
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Serrapede M, Savino U, Castellino M, Amici J, Bodoardo S, Tresso E, Chiodoni A. Li + Insertion in Nanostructured TiO 2 for Energy Storage. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 13:E21. [PMID: 31861538 PMCID: PMC6981765 DOI: 10.3390/ma13010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Nanostructured materials possess unique physical-chemical characteristics and have attracted much attention, among others, in the field of energy conversion and storage devices, for the possibility to exploit both their bulk and surface properties, enabling enhanced electron and ion transport, fast diffusion of electrolytes, and consequently high efficiency in the electrochemical processes. In particular, titanium dioxide received great attention, both in the form of amorphous or crystalline material for these applications, due to the large variety of nanostructures in which it can be obtained. In this paper, a comparison of the performance of titanium dioxide prepared through the oxidation of Ti foils in hydrogen peroxide is reported. In particular, two thermal treatments have been compared. One, at 150 °C in Ar, which serves to remove the residual hydrogen peroxide, and the second, at 450 °C in air. The material, after the treatment at 150 °C, results to be not stoichiometric and amorphous, while the treatment at 450 °C provide TiO2 in the anatase form. It turns out that not-stoichiometric TiO2 results to be a highly stable material, being a promising candidate for applications as high power Li-ion batteries, while the anatase TiO2 shows lower cyclability, but it is still promising for energy-storage devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Serrapede
- Center for Sustainable Future Technologies - Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Livorno, 60-10144 Torino, Italy; (U.S.); (E.T.)
| | - Umberto Savino
- Center for Sustainable Future Technologies - Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Livorno, 60-10144 Torino, Italy; (U.S.); (E.T.)
- Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT)-Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi, 24-10129 Torino, Italy; (M.C.); (J.A.); (S.B.)
| | - Micaela Castellino
- Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT)-Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi, 24-10129 Torino, Italy; (M.C.); (J.A.); (S.B.)
| | - Julia Amici
- Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT)-Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi, 24-10129 Torino, Italy; (M.C.); (J.A.); (S.B.)
| | - Silvia Bodoardo
- Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT)-Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi, 24-10129 Torino, Italy; (M.C.); (J.A.); (S.B.)
| | - Elena Tresso
- Center for Sustainable Future Technologies - Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Livorno, 60-10144 Torino, Italy; (U.S.); (E.T.)
- Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT)-Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi, 24-10129 Torino, Italy; (M.C.); (J.A.); (S.B.)
| | - Angelica Chiodoni
- Center for Sustainable Future Technologies - Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Livorno, 60-10144 Torino, Italy; (U.S.); (E.T.)
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Kagkoura A, Hernandez‐Ferrer J, Benito AM, Maser WK, Tagmatarchis N. In‐Situ Growth and Immobilization of CdS Nanoparticles onto Functionalized MoS
2
: Preparation, Characterization and Fabrication of Photoelectrochemical Cells. Chem Asian J 2019; 15:2350-2356. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201901371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Kagkoura
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry InstituteNational Hellenic Research Foundation 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue Athens 11635 Greece
| | | | - Ana M. Benito
- Instituto de Carboquimica (ICB-CSIC) C/Miguel Luesma Castan 4 50018 Zaragoza Spain
| | - Wolfgang K. Maser
- Instituto de Carboquimica (ICB-CSIC) C/Miguel Luesma Castan 4 50018 Zaragoza Spain
| | - Nikos Tagmatarchis
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry InstituteNational Hellenic Research Foundation 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue Athens 11635 Greece
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Rettenmaier K, Zickler GA, Redhammer GJ, Anta JA, Berger T. Particle Consolidation and Electron Transport in Anatase TiO 2 Nanocrystal Films. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:39859-39874. [PMID: 31585043 PMCID: PMC7116033 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b12693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
A sequence of chemical vapor synthesis and thermal annealing in defined gas atmospheres was used to prepare phase-pure anatase TiO2 nanocrystal powders featuring clean surfaces and a narrow particle size distribution with a median particle diameter of 14.5 ± 0.5 nm. Random networks of these nanocrystals were immobilized from aqueous dispersions onto conducting substrates and are introduced as model systems for electronic conductivity studies. Thermal annealing of the immobilized films at 100 °C < T < 450 °C in air was performed to generate particle-particle contacts upon virtual preservation of the structural properties of the nanoparticle films. The distribution of electrochemically active electronic states as well as the dependence of the electronic conductivity on the Fermi level position in the semiconductor films was studied in aqueous electrolytes in situ using electrochemical methods. An exponential distribution of surface states is observed to remain unchanged upon sintering. However, capacitive peaks corresponding to deep electron traps in the nanoparticle films shift positive on the potential scale evidencing an increase of the trapping energy upon progressive thermal annealing. These peaks are attributed to trap states at particle-particle interfaces in the random nanocrystal network (i.e., at grain boundaries). In the potential region, where the capacitive peaks are detected, we observe an exponential conductivity variation by up to 5 orders of magnitude. The potential range featuring the exponential conductivity variation shifts positive by up to 0.15 V when increasing the sintering temperature from 100 to 450 °C. Importantly, all films approach a potential- and sintering-temperature-independent maximum conductivity of ∼10-4 Ω-1·cm-1 at more negative potentials. On the basis of these results we introduce a qualitative model, which highlights the detrimental impact of electron traps located on particle-particle interfaces on the electronic conductivity in random semiconductor nanoparticle networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Rettenmaier
- Department of Chemistry and Physics of Materials, University of
Salzburg, Jakob-Haringer-Strasse 2a, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Gregor Alexander Zickler
- Department of Chemistry and Physics of Materials, University of
Salzburg, Jakob-Haringer-Strasse 2a, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Günther Josef Redhammer
- Department of Chemistry and Physics of Materials, University of
Salzburg, Jakob-Haringer-Strasse 2a, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Juan Antonio Anta
- Área de Química Física, Universidad Pablo de
Olavide, E-41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Thomas Berger
- Department of Chemistry and Physics of Materials, University of
Salzburg, Jakob-Haringer-Strasse 2a, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria
- E-mail:
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41
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Kim YS, Harris KD, Limoges B, Balland V. On the unsuspected role of multivalent metal ions on the charge storage of a metal oxide electrode in mild aqueous electrolytes. Chem Sci 2019; 10:8752-8763. [PMID: 31803447 PMCID: PMC6849641 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc02397f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Insertion mechanisms of multivalent ions in transition metal oxide cathodes are poorly understood and subject to controversy and debate, especially when performed in aqueous electrolytes. To address this issue, we have here investigated the reversible reduction of nanostructured amorphous TiO2 electrodes by spectroelectrochemistry in mild aqueous electrolytes containing either a multivalent metal salt as AlCl3 or a weak organic acid as acetic acid. Our results show that the reversible charge storage in TiO2 is thermodynamically and kinetically indistinguishable when carried out in either an Al3+- or acetic acid-based electrolyte, both leading under similar conditions of pH and concentrations to an almost identical maximal charge storage of ∼115 mA h g-1. These observations are in agreement with a mechanism where the inserting/deinserting cation is the proton and not the multivalent metal cation. Analysis of the data also demonstrates that the proton source is the Brønsted weak acid present in the aqueous electrolyte, i.e. either the acetic acid or the aquo metal ion complex generated from solvation of Al3+ (i.e. [Al(H2O)6]3+). Such a proton-coupled charge storage mechanism is also found to occur with other multivalent metal ions such as Zn2+ and Mn2+, albeit with a lower efficiency than Al3+, an effect we have attributed to the lower acidity of [Zn(H2O)6]2+ and [Mn(H2O)6]2+. These findings are of fundamental importance because they shed new light on previous studies assuming reversible Al3+-insertion into metal oxides, and, more generally, they highlight the unsuspected proton donor role played by multivalent metal cations commonly involved in rechargeable aqueous batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yee-Seul Kim
- Université de Paris , Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire , UMR 7591 , CNRS , F-75013 Paris , France . ;
| | - Kenneth D Harris
- NRC Nanotechnology Research Centre , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 2M9 , Canada
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 2V4 , Canada
| | - Benoît Limoges
- Université de Paris , Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire , UMR 7591 , CNRS , F-75013 Paris , France . ;
| | - Véronique Balland
- Université de Paris , Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire , UMR 7591 , CNRS , F-75013 Paris , France . ;
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42
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Roy
Chowdhury P, Verma V, Medhi H, Bhattacharyya KG. Empirical Modeling of Electron Transport in Fe/Ti Layered Double Hydroxide Using Exponential, Gaussian and Mixed Gauss-Exponential Distribution. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:10599-10609. [PMID: 31460158 PMCID: PMC6648460 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b01345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Fe/Ti-layered double hydroxide (LDH) has been hydrothermally prepared and characterized using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy for evaluation of its structure, morphology, and optical properties. The purpose of doping Ti4+ with Fe3+ toward the synthesis of Fe/Ti LDH is to extend the absorption of the nanomaterial to longer wavelength, which is known to exhibit higher electron transport performance. To provide a practical realization, electron transport modeling across the band gap has been interpreted using exponential, Gaussian, and mixed Gauss-exponential distribution. The conduction band energy (E C) has been calculated by using the observed values of band gap (E g) and ξ-potential of the LDH. A detailed study has been undertaken to investigate the pattern of theoretical density of the LDH on the basis of unknown (E C = 0) and known (calculated) values of E C. Fermi-Dirac statistics has been used extensively for estimating the occupancy probability of electron (e-)-hole (h+) pair formation within the valence and conduction bands, respectively, with different temperatures, as well as for given energy levels. Monte Carlo simulations have also been performed to evaluate the suitability of the choice of the model, on the basis of the probability of availability of e-s within the conduction band. To provide a practical realization of the suggested models, electronic transition across the band gap of Fe/Ti LDH has been extensively investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vivek Verma
- Department
of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Himani Medhi
- International
Centre of Materials Science, JNCASR, Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, India
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43
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Ma J, Li W, Le NT, Díaz-Real JA, Body M, Legein C, Światowska J, Demortière A, Borkiewicz OJ, Konstantinova EA, Kokorin AI, Alonso-Vante N, Laberty-Robert C, Dambournet D. Red-Shifted Absorptions of Cation-Defective and Surface-Functionalized Anatase with Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Properties. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:10929-10938. [PMID: 31460191 PMCID: PMC6648683 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b01219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Manipulating the atomic structure of semiconductors is a fine way to tune their properties. The rationalization of their modified properties is, however, particularly challenging as defects locally disrupt the long-range structural ordering, and a deeper effort is required to fully describe their structure. In this work, we investigated the photoelectrochemical properties of an anatase-type structure featuring a high content of titanium vacancies stabilized by dual-oxide substitution by fluoride and hydroxide anions. Such atomic modification induces a slight red-shift band gap energy of 0.08 eV as compared to pure TiO2, which was assigned to changes in titanium-anion ionocovalent bonding. Under illumination, electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy revealed the formation of TiIII and O2 - radicals which were not detected in defect-free TiO2. Consequently, the modified anatase shows higher ability to oxidize water with lower electron-hole recombination rate. To further increase the photoelectrochemical properties, we subsequently modified the compound by a surface functionalization with N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP). This treatment further modifies the chemical composition, which results in a red shift of the band gap energy to 3.03 eV. Moreover, the interaction of the NMP electron-donating molecules with the surface induces an absorption band in the visible region with an estimated band gap energy of 2.25-2.50 eV. Under illumination, the resulting core-shell structure produces a high concentration of reduced TiIII and O2 -, suggesting an effective charge carrier separation which is confirmed by high photoelectrochemical properties. This work provides new opportunities to better understand the structural features that affect the photogenerated charge carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwei Ma
- Institute
of New Energy for Vehicles, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
- Sorbonne
Université, CNRS, Physico-chimie des Électrolytes et
Nano-systèmes Interfaciaux, PHENIX, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Wei Li
- Sorbonne
Université, CNRS, Physico-chimie des Électrolytes et
Nano-systèmes Interfaciaux, PHENIX, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Nikolay T. Le
- Department
of Physics, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Jesús A. Díaz-Real
- IC2MP,
UMR-CNRS 7285, Université de Poitiers, 4 rue Michel Brunet, F-86073 Poitiers, France
| | - Monique Body
- Institut
des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans (IMMM)—UMR
6283 CNRS, Le Mans Université, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans Cedex 9, France
| | - Christophe Legein
- Institut
des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans (IMMM)—UMR
6283 CNRS, Le Mans Université, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans Cedex 9, France
| | - Jolanta Światowska
- PSL Research
University, CNRS—Chimie ParisTech, Institut de Recherche de
Chimie Paris (IRCP), 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Arnaud Demortière
- Laboratoire
de Réactivité et Chimie des Solides, CNRS UMR 7314,
Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 33 rue Saint Leu, 80039 Amiens Cedex, France
- Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique
de l’Energie
(RS2E), FR CNRS 3459, 80039 Amiens Cedex, France
| | - Olaf J. Borkiewicz
- X-ray
Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Elizaveta A. Konstantinova
- Department
of Physics, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
- National
Research Center Kurchatov Institute, Moscow 123182, Russia
| | | | - Nicolas Alonso-Vante
- IC2MP,
UMR-CNRS 7285, Université de Poitiers, 4 rue Michel Brunet, F-86073 Poitiers, France
| | - Christel Laberty-Robert
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Collège
de France, Laboratoire
de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, F-75005 Paris, France
- Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique
de l’Energie
(RS2E), FR CNRS 3459, 80039 Amiens Cedex, France
| | - Damien Dambournet
- Sorbonne
Université, CNRS, Physico-chimie des Électrolytes et
Nano-systèmes Interfaciaux, PHENIX, F-75005 Paris, France
- Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique
de l’Energie
(RS2E), FR CNRS 3459, 80039 Amiens Cedex, France
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Liu B, Zhao X, Yu J, Parkin IP, Fujishima A, Nakata K. Intrinsic intermediate gap states of TiO2 materials and their roles in charge carrier kinetics. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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45
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Kavan L. Conduction band engineering in semiconducting oxides (TiO2, SnO2): Applications in perovskite photovoltaics and beyond. Catal Today 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2018.10.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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46
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Ansón-Casaos A, Rubio-Muñoz C, Hernández-Ferrer J, Santidrian A, Benito AM, Maser WK. Capacitive and Charge Transfer Effects of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes in TiO 2 Electrodes. Chemphyschem 2019; 20:838-847. [PMID: 30768829 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201900066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The transfer of nanoscale properties from single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) to macroscopic systems is a topic of intense research. In particular, inorganic composites of SWCNTs and metal oxide semiconductors are being investigated for applications in electronics, energy devices, photocatalysis, and electroanalysis. In this work, a commercial SWCNT material is separated into fractions containing different conformations. The liquid fractions show clear variations in their optical absorbance spectra, indicating differences in the metallic/semiconducting character and the diameter of the SWCNTs. Also, changes in the surface chemistry and the electrical resistance are evidenced in SWCNT solid films. The starting SWCNT sample and the fractions as well are used to prepare hybrid electrodes with titanium dioxide (SWCNT/TiO2 ). Raman spectroscopy reflects the optoelectronic properties of SWCNTs in the SWCNT/TiO2 electrodes, while the electrochemical behavior is studied by cyclic voltammetry. A selective development of charge transfer characteristics and double-layer behavior is achieved through the suitable choice of SWCNT fractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ansón-Casaos
- Instituto de Carboquímica, ICB-CSIC, Miguel Luesma Castán 4, 50018, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - C Rubio-Muñoz
- Instituto de Carboquímica, ICB-CSIC, Miguel Luesma Castán 4, 50018, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - J Hernández-Ferrer
- Instituto de Carboquímica, ICB-CSIC, Miguel Luesma Castán 4, 50018, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - A Santidrian
- Instituto de Carboquímica, ICB-CSIC, Miguel Luesma Castán 4, 50018, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - A M Benito
- Instituto de Carboquímica, ICB-CSIC, Miguel Luesma Castán 4, 50018, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - W K Maser
- Instituto de Carboquímica, ICB-CSIC, Miguel Luesma Castán 4, 50018, Zaragoza, Spain
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47
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Hernández-Ferrer J, Ansón-Casaos A, Víctor-Román S, Sanahuja-Parejo O, Martínez MT, Villacampa B, Benito AM, Maser WK. Photoactivity improvement of TiO2 electrodes by thin hole transport layers of reduced graphene oxide. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.12.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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48
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Hesari M, Sambur JB, Mao X, Jung W, Chen P. Quantifying Photocurrent Loss of a Single Particle-Particle Interface in Nanostructured Photoelectrodes. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:958-962. [PMID: 30615831 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b04188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Particle-particle interfaces are ubiquitous in nanostructured photoelectrodes and photovoltaics, which are important devices for solar energy conversion. These interfaces are expected to cause performance losses in these devices, but how much loss they would incur is poorly defined. Here we use a subparticle photoelectrochemical current measurement, in combination with specific photoelectrode configurations, to quantify the current losses from single particle-particle interfaces formed between individual TiO2 nanorods operating as photoanodes in aqueous electrolytes. We find that a single interface leads to ∼20% photocurrent loss (i.e., ∼80% retention of the original current). Such quantitative, first-of-its-kind, information provides a metric for guiding the optimization and design of nanostructured photoelectrodes and photovoltaics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Hesari
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , Cornell University , Ithaca , New York 14853 , United States
| | - Justin B Sambur
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , Cornell University , Ithaca , New York 14853 , United States
| | - Xianwen Mao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , Cornell University , Ithaca , New York 14853 , United States
| | - Won Jung
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , Cornell University , Ithaca , New York 14853 , United States
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , Cornell University , Ithaca , New York 14853 , United States
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Abstract
Cobalt oxide nanopetals were grown on silicon electrodes by heat-treating metallic cobalt films deposited by DC magnetron sputtering. We show that cobalt oxide, with this peculiar nanostructure, is active towards the photo-electrochemical oxidation of water as well as of organic molecules, and that its electrochemical properties are directly linked to the structure of its surface. The formation of Co3O4 nanopetals, induced by oxidizing annealing at 300 °C, considerably improves the performance of the material with respect to simple cobalt oxide films. Photocurrent measurements and electrochemical impedance are used to explain the behavior of the different structures and to highlight their potential application in water remediation technologies.
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50
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Synthesis and characterization of n-ZnO/p-MnO nanocomposites for the photocatalytic degradation of anthracene. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2018.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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