1
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Iqbal N, Brittin DO, Daluwathumullagamage PJ, Alam MS, Senanayake IM, Gafar AT, Siraj Z, Petrilla A, Pugh M, Tonazzi B, Ragunathan S, Poorman ME, Sacolick L, Theis T, Rosen MS, Chekmenev EY, Goodson BM. Toward Next-Generation Molecular Imaging with a Clinical Low-Field (0.064 T) Point-of-Care MRI Scanner. Anal Chem 2024. [PMID: 38857182 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Low-field (LF) MRI promises soft-tissue imaging without the expensive, immobile magnets of clinical scanners but generally suffers from limited detection sensitivity and contrast. The sensitivity boost provided by hyperpolarization can thus be highly synergistic with LF MRI. Initial efforts to integrate a continuous-bubbling SABRE (signal amplification by reversible exchange) hyperpolarization setup with a portable, point-of-care 64 mT clinical MRI scanner are reported. Results from 1H SABRE MRI of pyrazine and nicotinamide are compared with those of benchtop NMR spectroscopy. Comparison with MRI signals from samples with known H2O/D2O ratios allowed quantification of the SABRE enhancements of imaged samples with various substrate concentrations (down to 3 mM). Respective limits of detection and quantification of 3.3 and 10.1 mM were determined with pyrazine 1H polarization (PH) enhancements of ∼1900 (PH ∼0.04%), supporting ongoing and envisioned efforts to realize SABRE-enabled MRI-based molecular imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadiya Iqbal
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901, United States
| | - Drew O Brittin
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901, United States
| | | | - Md Shahabuddin Alam
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901, United States
| | - Ishani M Senanayake
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901, United States
| | - A Tobi Gafar
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901, United States
| | - Zahid Siraj
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901, United States
| | - Anthony Petrilla
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901, United States
| | - Margaret Pugh
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901, United States
| | - Brockton Tonazzi
- School of Medicine, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901, United States
| | | | | | - Laura Sacolick
- Hyperfine Inc., Guilford, Connecticut 06437, United States
| | - Thomas Theis
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Matthew S Rosen
- A.A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, United States
| | - Eduard Y Chekmenev
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (IBio), Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Boyd M Goodson
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901, United States
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2
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Barskiy DA. Molecules, Up Your Spins! Molecules 2024; 29:1821. [PMID: 38675641 PMCID: PMC11052189 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are indispensable tools in science and medicine, offering insights into the functions of biological processes [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Danila A. Barskiy
- Institut für Physik, Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany;
- Helmholtz Institut Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
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3
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Li S, Bhattacharya S, Chou CY, Chu M, Chou SC, Tonelli M, Goger M, Yang H, Palmer AG, Cavagnero S. LC-Photo-CIDNP hyperpolarization of biomolecules bearing a quasi-isolated spin pair: Magnetic-Field dependence via a rapid-shuttling device. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2024; 359:107616. [PMID: 38271744 PMCID: PMC10922348 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2023.107616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Liquid-state low-concentration photochemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization (LC-photo-CIDNP) is an emerging technology tailored to enhance the sensitivity of NMR spectroscopy via LED- or laser-mediated optical irradiation. LC-photo-CIDNP is particularly useful to detect solvent-exposed aromatic residues (Trp, Tyr), either in isolation or within polypeptides and proteins. This study investigates the magnetic-field dependence of the LC-photo-CIDNP of Trp-α-13C-β,β,2,4,5,6,7-d7, a Trp isotopolog bearing a quasi-isolated 1Hα-13Cαspin pair (QISP). We employed a new rapid-shuttling side-illumination field-cycling device that enables ultra-fast (90-120 ms) vertical movements of NMR samples within the bore of a superconducting magnet. Thus, LC-photo-CIDNP hyperpolarization occurs at low field, while hyperpolarized signals are detected at high field (700 MHz). Resonance lineshapes were excellent, and the effect of several fields (1.18-7.08 T range) on hyperpolarization efficiency could be readily explored. Remarkably, unprecedented LC-photo-CIDNP enhancements ε ≅ 1,200 were obtained at 50 MHz (1.18 T), suggesting exciting avenues to hypersensitive LED-enhanced NMR in liquids at low field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Li
- Dept. of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, United States
| | | | - Ching-Yu Chou
- Field Cycling Technology LTD., New Taipei City 23444, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Minglee Chu
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shu-Cheng Chou
- Field Cycling Technology LTD., New Taipei City 23444, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Marco Tonelli
- Dept. of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, United States
| | - Michael Goger
- New York Structural Biology Center, New York, NY 10027, United States
| | - Hanming Yang
- Dept. of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, United States
| | - Arthur G Palmer
- New York Structural Biology Center, New York, NY 10027, United States; Dept. of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - Silvia Cavagnero
- Dept. of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, United States.
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4
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Jeong HJ, Min S, Baek J, Kim J, Chung J, Jeong K. Real-Time Reaction Monitoring of Azide-Alkyne Cycloadditions Using Benchtop NMR-Based Signal Amplification by Reversible Exchange (SABRE). ACS MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AU 2023; 3:134-142. [PMID: 37090259 PMCID: PMC10120034 DOI: 10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.2c00065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Rufinamide, possessing a triazole ring, is a new antiepileptic drug (AED) relatively well-absorbed in the lower dose range (10 mg/kg per day) and is currently being used in antiepileptic medications. Triazole derivatives can interact with various enzymes and receptors in biological systems via diverse non-covalent interactions, thus inducing versatile biological effects. Strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition (SPAAC) is a significant method for obtaining triazoles, even under physiological conditions, in the absence of a copper catalyst. To confirm the progress of chemical reactions under biological conditions, research on reaction monitoring at low concentrations is essential. This promising strategy is gaining acceptance for applications in fields such as drug development and nanoscience. We investigated the optimum Ir catalyst and magnetic field for achieving maximum proton hyperpolarization transfer in triazole derivatives. These reactions were analyzed using signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE) to overcome the limitations of low sensitivity in nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, when monitoring copper-free click reactions in real time. Finally, a more versatile copper-catalyzed click reaction was monitored in real time, using a 60 MHz benchtop NMR system, in order to analyze the reaction mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Jin Jeong
- Department
of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Sein Min
- Department
of Chemistry, Seoul Women’s University, Seoul 01797, South Korea
| | - Juhee Baek
- Department
of Chemistry, Seoul Women’s University, Seoul 01797, South Korea
| | - Jisu Kim
- Department
of Chemistry, Seoul Women’s University, Seoul 01797, South Korea
| | - Jean Chung
- Department
of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Keunhong Jeong
- Department
of Physics and Chemistry, Korea Military
Academy, Seoul 01805, South Korea
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5
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SABRE Hyperpolarization with up to 200 bar Parahydrogen in Standard and Quickly Removable Solvents. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032465. [PMID: 36768786 PMCID: PMC9917027 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Parahydrogen (p-H2)-based techniques are known to drastically enhance NMR signals but are usually limited by p-H2 supply. This work reports p-H2-based SABRE hyperpolarization at p-H2 pressures of hundreds of bar, far beyond the typical ten bar currently reported in the literature. A recently designed high-pressure setup was utilized to compress p-H2 gas up to 200 bar. The measurements were conducted using a sapphire high-pressure NMR tube and a 43 MHz benchtop NMR spectrometer. In standard methanol solutions, it could be shown that the signal intensities increased with pressure until they eventually reached a plateau. A polarization of about 2%, equal to a molar polarization of 1.2 mmol L-1, could be achieved for the sample with the highest substrate concentration. While the signal plateaued, the H2 solubility increased linearly with pressure from 1 to 200 bar, indicating that p-H2 availability is not the limiting factor in signal enhancement beyond a certain pressure, depending on sample composition. Furthermore, the possibility of using liquefied ethane and compressed CO2 as removable solvents for hyperpolarization was demonstrated. The use of high pressures together with quickly removable organic/non-organic solvents represents an important breakthrough in the field of hyperpolarization, advancing SABRE as a promising tool for materials science, biophysics, and molecular imaging.
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6
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Eills J, Budker D, Cavagnero S, Chekmenev EY, Elliott SJ, Jannin S, Lesage A, Matysik J, Meersmann T, Prisner T, Reimer JA, Yang H, Koptyug IV. Spin Hyperpolarization in Modern Magnetic Resonance. Chem Rev 2023; 123:1417-1551. [PMID: 36701528 PMCID: PMC9951229 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance techniques are successfully utilized in a broad range of scientific disciplines and in various practical applications, with medical magnetic resonance imaging being the most widely known example. Currently, both fundamental and applied magnetic resonance are enjoying a major boost owing to the rapidly developing field of spin hyperpolarization. Hyperpolarization techniques are able to enhance signal intensities in magnetic resonance by several orders of magnitude, and thus to largely overcome its major disadvantage of relatively low sensitivity. This provides new impetus for existing applications of magnetic resonance and opens the gates to exciting new possibilities. In this review, we provide a unified picture of the many methods and techniques that fall under the umbrella term "hyperpolarization" but are currently seldom perceived as integral parts of the same field. Specifically, before delving into the individual techniques, we provide a detailed analysis of the underlying principles of spin hyperpolarization. We attempt to uncover and classify the origins of hyperpolarization, to establish its sources and the specific mechanisms that enable the flow of polarization from a source to the target spins. We then give a more detailed analysis of individual hyperpolarization techniques: the mechanisms by which they work, fundamental and technical requirements, characteristic applications, unresolved issues, and possible future directions. We are seeing a continuous growth of activity in the field of spin hyperpolarization, and we expect the field to flourish as new and improved hyperpolarization techniques are implemented. Some key areas for development are in prolonging polarization lifetimes, making hyperpolarization techniques more generally applicable to chemical/biological systems, reducing the technical and equipment requirements, and creating more efficient excitation and detection schemes. We hope this review will facilitate the sharing of knowledge between subfields within the broad topic of hyperpolarization, to help overcome existing challenges in magnetic resonance and enable novel applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Eills
- Institute
for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Barcelona
Institute of Science and Technology, 08028Barcelona, Spain,
| | - Dmitry Budker
- Johannes
Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55128Mainz, Germany,Helmholtz-Institut,
GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 55128Mainz, Germany,Department
of Physics, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, California94720, United States
| | - Silvia Cavagnero
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, Wisconsin53706, United States
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Department
of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (IBio), Karmanos Cancer Institute
(KCI), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan48202, United States,Russian
Academy of Sciences, Moscow119991, Russia
| | - Stuart J. Elliott
- Molecular
Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College
London, LondonW12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Sami Jannin
- Centre
de RMN à Hauts Champs de Lyon, Université
de Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, Université Lyon 1, 69100Villeurbanne, France
| | - Anne Lesage
- Centre
de RMN à Hauts Champs de Lyon, Université
de Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, Université Lyon 1, 69100Villeurbanne, France
| | - Jörg Matysik
- Institut
für Analytische Chemie, Universität
Leipzig, Linnéstr. 3, 04103Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thomas Meersmann
- Sir
Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University Park, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, NottinghamNG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Prisner
- Institute
of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry and Center of Biomolecular Magnetic
Resonance, Goethe University Frankfurt, , 60438Frankfurt
am Main, Germany
| | - Jeffrey A. Reimer
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, UC Berkeley, and Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California94720, United States
| | - Hanming Yang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, Wisconsin53706, United States
| | - Igor V. Koptyug
- International Tomography Center, Siberian
Branch of the Russian Academy
of Sciences, 630090Novosibirsk, Russia,
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7
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Yang H, Li S, Mickles CA, Guzman-Luna V, Sugisaki K, Thompson CM, Dang HH, Cavagnero S. Selective Isotope Labeling and LC-Photo-CIDNP Enable NMR Spectroscopy at Low-Nanomolar Concentration. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:11608-11619. [PMID: 35700317 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c01809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
NMR spectroscopy is a powerful tool to investigate molecular structure and dynamics. The poor sensitivity of this technique, however, limits its ability to tackle questions requiring dilute samples. Low-concentration photochemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization (LC-photo-CIDNP) is an optically enhanced NMR technology capable of addressing the above challenge by increasing the detection limit of aromatic amino acids in solution up to 1000-fold, either in isolation or within proteins. Here, we show that the absence of NMR-active nuclei close to a magnetically active site of interest (e.g., the structurally diagnostic 1Hα-13Cα pair of amino acids) is expected to significantly increase LC-photo-CIDNP hyperpolarization. Then, we exploit the spin-diluted tryptophan isotopolog Trp-α-13C-β,β,2,4,5,6,7-d7 and take advantage of the above prediction to experimentally achieve a ca 4-fold enhancement in NMR sensitivity over regular LC-photo-CIDNP. This advance enables the rapid (within seconds) detection of 20 nM concentrations or the molecule of interest, corresponding to a remarkable 3 ng detection limit. Finally, the above Trp isotopolog is amenable to incorporation within proteins and is readily detectable at a 1 μM concentration in complex cell-like media, including Escherichia coli cell-free extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanming Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin─Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Siyu Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin─Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Clayton A Mickles
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin─Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Valeria Guzman-Luna
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin─Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Kenji Sugisaki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan.,JST PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Clayton M Thompson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin─Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Hung H Dang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin─Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Silvia Cavagnero
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin─Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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8
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Quasi-continuous production of highly hyperpolarized carbon-13 contrast agents every 15 seconds within an MRI system. Commun Chem 2022; 5:21. [PMID: 36697573 PMCID: PMC9814607 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-022-00634-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperpolarized contrast agents (HyCAs) have enabled unprecedented magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of metabolism and pH in vivo. Producing HyCAs with currently available methods, however, is typically time and cost intensive. Here, we show virtually-continuous production of HyCAs using parahydrogen-induced polarization (PHIP), without stand-alone polarizer, but using a system integrated in an MRI instead. Polarization of ≈2% for [1-13C]succinate-d2 or ≈19% for hydroxyethyl-[1-13C]propionate-d3 was created every 15 s, for which fast, effective, and well-synchronized cycling of chemicals and reactions in conjunction with efficient spin-order transfer was key. We addressed these challenges using a dedicated, high-pressure, high-temperature reactor with integrated water-based heating and a setup operated via the MRI pulse program. As PHIP of several biologically relevant HyCAs has recently been described, this Rapid-PHIP technique promises fast preclinical studies, repeated administration or continuous infusion within a single lifetime of the agent, as well as a prolonged window for observation with signal averaging and dynamic monitoring of metabolic alterations.
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9
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Schmidt AB, Brahms A, Ellermann F, Knecht S, Berner S, Hennig J, von Elverfeldt D, Herges R, Hövener JB, Pravdivtsev AN. Selective excitation of hydrogen doubles the yield and improves the robustness of parahydrogen-induced polarization of low-γ nuclei. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:26645-26652. [PMID: 34846056 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp04153c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We describe a new method for pulsed spin order transfer of parahydrogen-induced polarization (PHIP) that enables high polarization in incompletely 2H-labeled molecules by exciting only the desired protons in a frequency-selective manner. This way, the effect of selected J-couplings is suspended. Experimentally 1.25% 13C polarization were obtained for 1-13C-ethyl pyruvate and 50% pH2 at 9.4 Tesla.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas B Schmidt
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Killianstr. 5a, Freiburg 79106, Germany. .,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Freiburg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuen-heimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany.,Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Kiel, Kiel University, Am Botanischen Garten 14, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Arne Brahms
- Otto Diels Institute for Organic Chemistry, Kiel University, Otto-Hahn-Platz 5, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Frowin Ellermann
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Kiel, Kiel University, Am Botanischen Garten 14, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Stephan Berner
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Killianstr. 5a, Freiburg 79106, Germany.
| | - Jürgen Hennig
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Killianstr. 5a, Freiburg 79106, Germany.
| | - Dominik von Elverfeldt
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Killianstr. 5a, Freiburg 79106, Germany.
| | - Rainer Herges
- Otto Diels Institute for Organic Chemistry, Kiel University, Otto-Hahn-Platz 5, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jan-Bernd Hövener
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Kiel, Kiel University, Am Botanischen Garten 14, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andrey N Pravdivtsev
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Kiel, Kiel University, Am Botanischen Garten 14, 24118, Kiel, Germany
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10
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Blanchard JW, Ripka B, Suslick BA, Gelevski D, Wu T, Münnemann K, Barskiy DA, Budker D. Towards large-scale steady-state enhanced nuclear magnetization with in situ detection. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2021; 59:1208-1215. [PMID: 33826170 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.5161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE) boosts NMR signals of various nuclei enabling new applications spanning from magnetic resonance imaging to analytical chemistry and fundamental physics. SABRE is especially well positioned for continuous generation of enhanced magnetization on a large scale; however, several challenges need to be addressed for accomplishing this goal. Specifically, SABRE requires (i) a specialized catalyst capable of reversible H2 activation and (ii) physical transfer of the sample from the point of magnetization generation to the point of detection (e.g., a high-field or a benchtop nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] spectrometer). Moreover, (iii) continuous parahydrogen bubbling accelerates solvent (e.g., methanol) evaporation, thereby limiting the experimental window to tens of minutes per sample. In this work, we demonstrate a strategy to rapidly generate the best-to-date precatalyst (a compound that is chemically modified in the course of the reaction to yield the catalyst) for SABRE, [Ir(IMes)(COD)Cl] (IMes = 1,3-bis-[2,4,6-trimethylphenyl]-imidazol-2-ylidene; COD = cyclooctadiene) via a highly accessible synthesis. Second, we measure hyperpolarized samples using a home-built zero-field NMR spectrometer and study the field dependence of hyperpolarization directly in the detection apparatus, eliminating the need to physically move the sample during the experiment. Finally, we prolong the measurement time and reduce evaporation by presaturating parahydrogen with the solvent vapor before bubbling into the sample. These advancements extend opportunities for exploring SABRE hyperpolarization by researchers from various fields and pave the way to producing large quantities of hyperpolarized material for long-lasting detection of SABRE-derived nuclear magnetization.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Blanchard
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion Research GmbH, Mainz, Germany
- NVision Imaging Technologies GmbH, Ulm, Germany
| | - Barbara Ripka
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz, Germany
| | - Benjamin A Suslick
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Dario Gelevski
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Teng Wu
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion Research GmbH, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Kerstin Münnemann
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Process Engineering, Technical University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Danila A Barskiy
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion Research GmbH, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Dmitry Budker
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion Research GmbH, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
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11
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Birchall JR, Irwin RK, Chowdhury MRH, Nikolaou P, Goodson BM, Barlow MJ, Shcherbakov A, Chekmenev EY. Automated Low-Cost In Situ IR and NMR Spectroscopy Characterization of Clinical-Scale 129Xe Spin-Exchange Optical Pumping. Anal Chem 2021; 93:3883-3888. [PMID: 33591160 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We present on the utility of in situ nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopic techniques for automated advanced analysis of the 129Xe hyperpolarization process during spin-exchange optical pumping (SEOP). The developed software protocol, written in the MATLAB programming language, facilitates detailed characterization of hyperpolarized contrast agent production efficiency based on determination of key performance indicators, including the maximum achievable 129Xe polarization, steady-state Rb-129Xe spin-exchange and 129Xe polarization build-up rates, 129Xe spin-relaxation rates, and estimates of steady-state Rb electron polarization. Mapping the dynamics of 129Xe polarization and relaxation as a function of SEOP temperature enables systematic optimization of the batch-mode SEOP process. The automated analysis of a typical experimental data set, encompassing ∼300 raw NMR and NIR spectra combined across six different SEOP temperatures, can be performed in under 5 min on a laptop computer. The protocol is designed to be robust in operation on any batch-mode SEOP hyperpolarizer device. In particular, we demonstrate the implementation of a combination of low-cost NIR and low-frequency NMR spectrometers (∼$1,100 and ∼$300 respectively, ca. 2020) for use in the described protocols. The demonstrated methodology will aid in the characterization of NMR hyperpolarization hardware in the context of SEOP and other hyperpolarization techniques for more robust and less expensive clinical production of HP 129Xe and other contrast agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan R Birchall
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Wayne State University, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Robert K Irwin
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Md Raduanul H Chowdhury
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Wayne State University, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | | | | | - Michael J Barlow
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Anton Shcherbakov
- Smart-A, Perm, Perm Region 614000, Russia.,Custom Medical Systems (CMS) LTD, Nicosia 2312, Cyprus
| | - Eduard Y Chekmenev
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Wayne State University, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States.,Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospekt 14, Moscow 119991, Russia
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12
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Birchall JR, Kabir MSH, Salnikov OG, Chukanov NV, Svyatova A, Kovtunov KV, Koptyug IV, Gelovani JG, Goodson BM, Pham W, Chekmenev EY. Quantifying the effects of quadrupolar sinks via 15N relaxation dynamics in metronidazoles hyperpolarized via SABRE-SHEATH. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:9098-9101. [PMID: 32661534 PMCID: PMC7441520 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc03994b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
15N spin-lattice relaxation dynamics in metronidazole-15N3 and metronidazole-15N2 isotopologues are studied for rational design of 15N-enriched biomolecules for signal amplification by reversible exchange in microtesla fields. 15N relaxation dynamics mapping reveals the deleterious effects of interactions with the polarization transfer catalyst and a quadrupolar 14N nucleus within the spin-relayed 15N-15N network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan R Birchall
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Wayne State University, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA.
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13
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Tickner BJ, Rayner PJ, Duckett SB. Using SABRE Hyperpolarized 13C NMR Spectroscopy to Interrogate Organic Transformations of Pyruvate. Anal Chem 2020; 92:9095-9103. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c01334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ben. J. Tickner
- Center for Hyperpolarization in Magnetic Resonance (CHyM), Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5NY, United Kingdom
| | - Peter J. Rayner
- Center for Hyperpolarization in Magnetic Resonance (CHyM), Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5NY, United Kingdom
| | - Simon B. Duckett
- Center for Hyperpolarization in Magnetic Resonance (CHyM), Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5NY, United Kingdom
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14
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Lehmkuhl S, Suefke M, Kentner A, Yen YF, Blümich B, Rosen MS, Appelt S, Theis T. SABRE polarized low field rare-spin spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:184202. [PMID: 32414242 DOI: 10.1063/5.0002412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
High-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is an indispensable technique for identification and characterization of chemicals and biomolecular structures. In the vast majority of NMR experiments, nuclear spin polarization arises from thermalization in multi-Tesla magnetic fields produced by superconducting magnets. In contrast, NMR instruments operating at low magnetic fields are emerging as a compact, inexpensive, and highly accessible alternative but suffer from low thermal polarization at a low field strength and consequently a low signal. However, certain hyperpolarization techniques create high polarization levels on target molecules independent of magnetic fields, giving low-field NMR a significant sensitivity boost. In this study, SABRE (Signal Amplification By Reversible Exchange) was combined with high homogeneity electromagnets operating at mT fields, enabling high resolution 1H, 13C, 15N, and 19F spectra to be detected with a single scan at magnetic fields between 1 mT and 10 mT. Chemical specificity is attained at mT magnetic fields with complex, highly resolved spectra. Most spectra are in the strong coupling regime where J-couplings are on the order of chemical shift differences. The spectra and the hyperpolarization spin dynamics are simulated with SPINACH. The simulations start from the parahydrogen singlet in the bound complex and include both chemical exchange and spin evolution at these mT fields. The simulations qualitatively match the experimental spectra and are used to identify the spin order terms formed during mT SABRE. The combination of low field NMR instruments with SABRE polarization results in sensitive measurements, even for rare spins with low gyromagnetic ratios at low magnetic fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sören Lehmkuhl
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, 851 Main Campus Dr, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, USA
| | - Martin Suefke
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research (IEK-9), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Arne Kentner
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Yi-Fen Yen
- Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, USA
| | - Bernhard Blümich
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Matthew S Rosen
- Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, USA
| | - Stephan Appelt
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research (IEK-9), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Thomas Theis
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, 851 Main Campus Dr, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, USA
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15
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TomHon P, Akeroyd E, Lehmkuhl S, Chekmenev EY, Theis T. Automated pneumatic shuttle for magnetic field cycling and parahydrogen hyperpolarized multidimensional NMR. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2020; 312:106700. [PMID: 32092678 PMCID: PMC7450533 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2020.106700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
We present a simple-to-implement pneumatic sample shuttle for automation of magnetic field cycling and multidimensional NMR. The shuttle system is robust allowing automation of hyperpolarized and non-hyperpolarized measurements, including variable field lifetime measurements, SABRE polarization optimization, and SABRE multidimensional experiments. Relaxation-protected singlet states are evaluated by variable-field T1 and TS measurements. Automated shuttling facilitates characterization of hyperpolarization dynamics, field dependence and polarization buildup rates. Furthermore, reproducible hyperpolarization levels at every shuttling event enables automated 2D hyperpolarized NMR, including the first inverse 15N/1H HSQC. We uncover binding mechanisms of the catalytic species through cross peaks that are not accessible in standard one-dimensional hyperpolarized experiments. The simple design of the shuttling setup interfaced with standard TTL signals allows easy adaptation to any standard NMR magnet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick TomHon
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, United States
| | - Evan Akeroyd
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, United States
| | - Sören Lehmkuhl
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, United States
| | - Eduard Y Chekmenev
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Wayne State University, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Detroit, MI 48202, United States; Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospekt 14, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Thomas Theis
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, United States; Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States.
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16
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Hill-Casey F, Sakho A, Mohammed A, Rossetto M, Ahwal F, Duckett SB, John RO, Richardson PM, Virgo R, Halse ME. In Situ SABRE Hyperpolarization with Earth's Field NMR Detection. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24224126. [PMID: 31739621 PMCID: PMC6891519 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24224126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperpolarization methods, which increase the sensitivity of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), have the potential to expand the range of applications of these powerful analytical techniques and to enable the use of smaller and cheaper devices. The signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE) method is of particular interest because it is relatively low-cost, straight-forward to implement, produces high-levels of renewable signal enhancement, and can be interfaced with low-cost and portable NMR detectors. In this work, we demonstrate an in situ approach to SABRE hyperpolarization that can be achieved using a simple, commercially-available Earth’s field NMR detector to provide 1H polarization levels of up to 3.3%. This corresponds to a signal enhancement over the Earth’s magnetic field by a factor of ε > 2 × 108. The key benefit of our approach is that it can be used to directly probe the polarization transfer process at the heart of the SABRE technique. In particular, we demonstrate the use of in situ hyperpolarization to observe the activation of the SABRE catalyst, the build-up of signal in the polarization transfer field (PTF), the dependence of the hyperpolarization level on the strength of the PTF, and the rate of decay of the hyperpolarization in the ultra-low-field regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fraser Hill-Casey
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK; (F.H.-C.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (M.R.); (P.M.R.); (R.V.)
| | - Aminata Sakho
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK; (F.H.-C.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (M.R.); (P.M.R.); (R.V.)
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5NY, UK; (F.A.); (S.B.D.); (R.O.J.)
| | - Ahmed Mohammed
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK; (F.H.-C.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (M.R.); (P.M.R.); (R.V.)
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5NY, UK; (F.A.); (S.B.D.); (R.O.J.)
| | - Matheus Rossetto
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK; (F.H.-C.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (M.R.); (P.M.R.); (R.V.)
| | - Fadi Ahwal
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5NY, UK; (F.A.); (S.B.D.); (R.O.J.)
| | - Simon B. Duckett
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5NY, UK; (F.A.); (S.B.D.); (R.O.J.)
| | - Richard O. John
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5NY, UK; (F.A.); (S.B.D.); (R.O.J.)
| | - Peter M. Richardson
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK; (F.H.-C.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (M.R.); (P.M.R.); (R.V.)
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5NY, UK; (F.A.); (S.B.D.); (R.O.J.)
| | - Robin Virgo
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK; (F.H.-C.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (M.R.); (P.M.R.); (R.V.)
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5NY, UK; (F.A.); (S.B.D.); (R.O.J.)
| | - Meghan E. Halse
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK; (F.H.-C.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (M.R.); (P.M.R.); (R.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-1904-322853
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17
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Buckenmaier K, Scheffler K, Plaumann M, Fehling P, Bernarding J, Rudolph M, Back C, Koelle D, Kleiner R, Hövener J, Pravdivtsev AN. Multiple Quantum Coherences Hyperpolarized at Ultra-Low Fields. Chemphyschem 2019; 20:2823-2829. [PMID: 31536665 PMCID: PMC6900040 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201900757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The development of hyperpolarization technologies enabled several yet exotic NMR applications at low and ultra-low fields (ULF), where without hyperpolarization even the detection of a signal from analytes is a challenge. Herein, we present a method for the simultaneous excitation and observation of homo- and heteronuclear multiple quantum coherences (from zero up to the third-order), which give an additional degree of freedom for ULF NMR experiments, where the chemical shift variation is negligible. The approach is based on heteronuclear correlated spectroscopy (COSY); its combination with a phase-cycling scheme allows the selective observation of multiple quantum coherences of different orders. The nonequilibrium spin state and multiple spin orders are generated by signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE) and detected at ULF with a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID)-based NMR system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Buckenmaier
- High-Field Magnetic Resonance CenterMax Planck Institute for Biological CyberneticsMax-Planck-Ring 1172076TübingenGermany
| | - Klaus Scheffler
- High-Field Magnetic Resonance CenterMax Planck Institute for Biological CyberneticsMax-Planck-Ring 1172076TübingenGermany
- Department for Biomedical Magnetic ResonanceUniversity of TübingenHoppe-Seyler-Str. 372076TübingenGermany
| | - Markus Plaumann
- Institute for Biometrics and Medical InformaticsOtto-von-Guericke University Building 02Leipziger Str. 4439120MagdeburgGermany
| | - Paul Fehling
- High-Field Magnetic Resonance CenterMax Planck Institute for Biological CyberneticsMax-Planck-Ring 1172076TübingenGermany
| | - Johannes Bernarding
- Institute for Biometrics and Medical InformaticsOtto-von-Guericke University Building 02Leipziger Str. 4439120MagdeburgGermany
| | - Matthias Rudolph
- High-Field Magnetic Resonance CenterMax Planck Institute for Biological CyberneticsMax-Planck-Ring 1172076TübingenGermany
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Quantum Science (CQ) in LISAUniversity of TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 1472076TübingenGermany
| | - Christoph Back
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Quantum Science (CQ) in LISAUniversity of TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 1472076TübingenGermany
| | - Dieter Koelle
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Quantum Science (CQ) in LISAUniversity of TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 1472076TübingenGermany
| | - Reinhold Kleiner
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Quantum Science (CQ) in LISAUniversity of TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 1472076TübingenGermany
| | - Jan‐Bernd Hövener
- Section Biomedical Imaging Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC) Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology University Medical Center KielKiel UniversityAm Botanischen Garten 1424114KielGermany
| | - Andrey N. Pravdivtsev
- Section Biomedical Imaging Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC) Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology University Medical Center KielKiel UniversityAm Botanischen Garten 1424114KielGermany
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18
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Lee SJ, Jeong K, Shim JH, Lee HJ, Min S, Chae H, Namgoong SK, Kim K. SQUID-based ultralow-field MRI of a hyperpolarized material using signal amplification by reversible exchange. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12422. [PMID: 31455823 PMCID: PMC6712030 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48827-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE) technique is a very promising method for increasing magnetic resonance (MR) signals. SABRE can play a particularly large role in studies with a low or ultralow magnetic field because they suffer from a low signal-to-noise ratio. In this work, we conducted real-time superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID)-based nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies in a microtesla-range magnetic field using the SABRE technique after designing a bubble-separated phantom. A maximum enhancement of 2658 for 1H was obtained for pyridine in the SABRE-NMR experiment. A clear SABRE-enhanced MR image of the bubble-separated phantom, in which the para-hydrogen gas was bubbling at only the margin, was successfully obtained at 34.3 μT. The results show that SABRE can be successfully incorporated into an ultralow-field MRI system, which enables new SQUID-based MRI applications. SABRE can shorten the MRI operation time by more than 6 orders of magnitude and establish a firm basis for future low-field MRI applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Joo Lee
- Ultra-low Magnetic Field Team, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), 267, Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Keunhong Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Military Academy, 574, Hwarang-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01805, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hyun Shim
- Ultra-low Magnetic Field Team, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), 267, Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Physics, University of Science and Technology (UST), 217, Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Joon Lee
- Ultra-low Magnetic Field Team, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), 267, Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.,Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI), 218, Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34129, Republic of Korea
| | - Sein Min
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul Women's University, 621, Hwarang-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01797, Republic of Korea
| | - Heelim Chae
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul Women's University, 621, Hwarang-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01797, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Keon Namgoong
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul Women's University, 621, Hwarang-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01797, Republic of Korea
| | - Kiwoong Kim
- Ultra-low Magnetic Field Team, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), 267, Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Medical Physics, University of Science and Technology (UST), 217, Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.
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19
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Tanner CPN, Lindale JR, Eriksson SL, Zhou Z, Colell JFP, Theis T, Warren WS. Selective hyperpolarization of heteronuclear singlet states via pulsed microtesla SABRE. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:044201. [PMID: 31370556 DOI: 10.1063/1.5108644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal Amplification By Reversible Exchange (SABRE) and its heteronuclear variant SABRE in SHield Enables Alignment Transfer to Heteronuclei create large nuclear magnetization in target ligands, exploiting level crossings in an iridium catalyst that transiently binds both the ligands and parahydrogen. This requires a specific, small magnetic field to match Zeeman splittings to scalar couplings. Here, we explore a different strategy, direct creation of heteronuclear singlet states in the target ligands, which produces enhanced signals at other field strengths, including zero field. We also show that pulsed methods (including pulsed field nulling) coherently and selectively pump such singlets, affording a significant enhancement on the resulting hyperpolarization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jacob R Lindale
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - Shannon L Eriksson
- Department of Chemistry, Duke School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - Zijian Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | | | - Thomas Theis
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27506, USA
| | - Warren S Warren
- Departments of Physics, Chemistry, Biomedical Engineering, and Radiology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
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20
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Svyatova A, Skovpin IV, Chukanov NV, Kovtunov KV, Chekmenev EY, Pravdivtsev AN, Hövener JB, Koptyug IV. 15 N MRI of SLIC-SABRE Hyperpolarized 15 N-Labelled Pyridine and Nicotinamide. Chemistry 2019; 25:8465-8470. [PMID: 30950529 PMCID: PMC6679352 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201900430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a powerful non-invasive diagnostic method extensively used in biomedical studies. A significant limitation of MRI is its relatively low signal-to-noise ratio, which can be increased by hyperpolarizing nuclear spins. One promising method is Signal Amplification By Reversible Exchange (SABRE), which employs parahydrogen as a source of hyperpolarization. Recent studies demonstrated the feasibility to improve MRI sensitivity with this hyperpolarization technique. Hyperpolarized 15 N nuclei in biomolecules can potentially retain their spin alignment for tens of minutes, providing an extended time window for the utilization of the hyperpolarized compounds. In this work, we demonstrate for the first time that radio-frequency-based SABRE hyperpolarization techniques can be used to obtain 15 N MRI of biomolecule 1-15 N-nicotinamide. Two image acquisition strategies were utilized and compared: Single Point Imaging (SPI) and Fast Low Angle SHot (FLASH). These methods demonstrated opportunities of high-field SABRE for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Svyatova
- International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya st., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova st., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Ivan V Skovpin
- International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya st., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova st., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Nikita V Chukanov
- International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya st., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova st., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Kirill V Kovtunov
- International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya st., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova st., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Eduard Y Chekmenev
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Detroit, MI 48202, USA
- Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), 14 Leninskiy Prospekt, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Andrey N Pravdivtsev
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Kiel University, Am Botanischen Garten 14, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jan-Bernd Hövener
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Kiel University, Am Botanischen Garten 14, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Igor V Koptyug
- International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya st., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova st., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
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21
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Eills J, Blanchard JW, Wu T, Bengs C, Hollenbach J, Budker D, Levitt MH. Polarization transfer via field sweeping in parahydrogen-enhanced nuclear magnetic resonance. J Chem Phys 2019; 150:174202. [PMID: 31067882 DOI: 10.1063/1.5089486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We show that in a spin system of two magnetically inequivalent protons coupled to a heteronucleus such as 13C, an adiabatic magnetic field sweep, passing through zero field, transfers the proton singlet order into magnetization of the coupled heteronucleus. This effect is potentially useful in parahydrogen-enhanced nuclear magnetic resonance and is demonstrated on singlet-hyperpolarized [1-13C]maleic acid, which is prepared via the reaction between [1-13C]acetylene dicarboxylic acid and para-enriched hydrogen gas. The magnetic field sweeps are of microtesla amplitudes and have durations on the order of seconds. We show a polarization enhancement by a factor of 104 in the 13C spectra of [1-13C]maleic acid in a 1.4 T magnetic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Eills
- University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - John W Blanchard
- Helmholtz Institute, Johannes-Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Teng Wu
- Helmholtz Institute, Johannes-Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | | | | | - Dmitry Budker
- Helmholtz Institute, Johannes-Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
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22
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Štěpánek P, Sanchez-Perez C, Telkki VV, Zhivonitko VV, Kantola AM. High-throughput continuous-flow system for SABRE hyperpolarization. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2019; 300:8-17. [PMID: 30684826 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Signal Amplification By Reversible Exchange (SABRE) is a versatile method for hyperpolarizing small organic molecules that helps to overcome the inherent low signal-to-noise ratio of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements. It offers orders of magnitude enhanced signal strength, but the obtained nuclear polarization usually rapidly relaxes, requiring a quick transport of the sample to the spectrometer. Here we report a new design of a polarizing system, which can be used to prepare a continuous flow of SABRE-hyperpolarized sample with a considerable throughput of several millilitres per second and a rapid delivery into an NMR instrument. The polarizer performance under different conditions such as flow rate of the hydrogen or liquid sample is tested by measuring a series of NMR spectra and magnetic resonance images (MRI) of hyperpolarized pyridine in methanol. Results show a capability to continuously produce sample with dramatically enhanced signal over two orders of magnitude. The constant supply of hyperpolarized sample can be exploited, e.g., in experiments requiring multiple repetitions, such as 2D- and 3D-NMR or MRI measurements, and also naturally allows measurements of flow maps, including systems with high flow rates, for which the level of achievable thermal polarization might not be usable any more. In addition, the experiments can be viably carried out in a non-deuterated solvent, due to the effective suppression of the thermal polarization by the fast sample flow. The presented system opens the possibilities for SABRE experiments requiring a long-term, stable and high level of nuclear polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Štěpánek
- NMR Research Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 3000, FI-90014, Finland.
| | - Clara Sanchez-Perez
- Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu, FI-90014, Finland.
| | - Ville-Veikko Telkki
- NMR Research Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 3000, FI-90014, Finland.
| | - Vladimir V Zhivonitko
- NMR Research Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 3000, FI-90014, Finland.
| | - Anu M Kantola
- NMR Research Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 3000, FI-90014, Finland.
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23
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Lindale JR, Eriksson SL, Tanner CPN, Zhou Z, Colell JFP, Zhang G, Bae J, Chekmenev EY, Theis T, Warren WS. Unveiling coherently driven hyperpolarization dynamics in signal amplification by reversible exchange. Nat Commun 2019; 10:395. [PMID: 30674881 PMCID: PMC6344499 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08298-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE) is an efficient method to hyperpolarize spin-1/2 nuclei and affords signals that are orders of magnitude larger than those obtained by thermal spin polarization. Direct polarization transfer to heteronuclei such as 13C or 15N has been optimized at static microTesla fields or using coherence transfer at high field, and relies on steady state exchange with the polarization transfer catalyst dictated by chemical kinetics. Here we demonstrate that pulsing the excitation field induces complex coherent polarization transfer dynamics, but in fact pulsing with a roughly 1% duty cycle on resonance produces more magnetization than constantly being on resonance. We develop a Monte Carlo simulation approach to unravel the coherent polarization dynamics, show that existing SABRE approaches are quite inefficient in use of para-hydrogen order, and present improved sequences for efficient hyperpolarization. There is increasing effort to improve the signal sensitivity and explore the hyperpolarization dynamics. Here the authors demonstrate the parahydrogen spin transfer dynamics in compounds containing 15N using SABRE hyperpolarization technique with different strengths of the magnetic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob R Lindale
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | | | | | - Zijian Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | | | - Guannan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Junu Bae
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Eduard Y Chekmenev
- Department of Chemistry, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA.,Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospekt 14, Moscow, Russia, 119991
| | - Thomas Theis
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Warren S Warren
- Department of Physics, Chemistry, Biomedical Engineering, and Radiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA.
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24
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Chukanov NV, Kidd BE, Kovtunova LM, Bukhtiyarov VI, Shchepin RV, Chekmenev EY, Goodson BM, Kovtunov KV, Koptyug IV. A versatile synthetic route to the preparation of 15 N heterocycles. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2019; 62:892-902. [PMID: 30537260 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A robust medium-scale (approximately 3 g) synthetic method for 15 N labeling of pyridine (15 N-Py) is reported based on the Zincke reaction. 15 N enrichment in excess of 81% was achieved with approximately 33% yield. 15 N-Py serves as a standard substrate in a wide range of studies employing a hyperpolarization technique for efficient polarization transfer from parahydrogen to heteronuclei; this technique, called SABRE (signal amplification by reversible exchange), employs a simultaneous chemical exchange of parahydrogen and a to-be-hyperpolarized substrate (e.g., pyridine) on metal centers. In studies aimed at the development of hyperpolarized contrast agents for in vivo molecular imaging, pyridine is often employed either as a model substrate (for hyperpolarization technique development, quality assurance, and phantom imaging studies) or as a co-substrate to facilitate more efficient hyperpolarization of a wide range of emerging contrast agents (e.g., nicotinamide). Here, the produced 15 N-Py was used for the feasibility study of spontaneous 15 N hyperpolarization at high magnetic (HF) fields (7 T and 9.4 T) of an NMR spectrometer and an MRI scanner. SABRE hyperpolarization enabled acquisition of 2D MRI imaging of catalyst-bound 15 N-pyridine with 75 × 75 mm2 field of view (FOV), 32 × 32 matrix size, demonstrating the feasibility of 15 N HF-SABRE molecular imaging with 2.4 × 2.4 mm2 spatial resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita V Chukanov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Department of Chemistry, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Bryce E Kidd
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois, USA
| | - Larisa M Kovtunova
- Department of Chemistry, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Surface Science Laboratory, Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Valerii I Bukhtiyarov
- Surface Science Laboratory, Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Roman V Shchepin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Vanderbilt Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Eduard Y Chekmenev
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Vanderbilt Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.,Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.,Ibio, Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University Karmanos Cancer Center, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Boyd M Goodson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois, USA.,Materials Technology Center, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois, USA
| | - Kirill V Kovtunov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Department of Chemistry, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Igor V Koptyug
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Department of Chemistry, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
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25
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Theis T, Ariyasingha NM, Shchepin RV, Lindale J, Warren WS, Chekmenev EY. Quasi-Resonance Signal Amplification by Reversible Exchange. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:6136-6142. [PMID: 30284835 PMCID: PMC6247415 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b02669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Here we present the feasibility of NMR signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE) using radio frequency irradiation at low magnetic field (0.05 T) in the regime where the chemical shifts of free and catalyst-bound species are similar. In SABRE, the 15N-containing substrate and parahydrogen perform simultaneous chemical exchange on an iridium hexacoordinate complex. A shaped spin-lock induced crossing (SLIC) radio frequency pulse sequence followed by a delay is applied at quasi-resonance (QUASR) conditions of 15N spins of a 15N-enriched substrate. As a result of this pulse sequence application, 15N z-magnetization is created from the spin order of parahydrogen-derived hyperpolarized hydrides. The repetition of the pulse sequence block consisting of a shaped radio frequency pulse and the delay leads to the buildup of 15N magnetization. The modulation of this effect by the irradiation frequency, pulse duration and amplitude, delay duration, and number of pumping cycles was demonstrated. Pyridine-15N, acetonitrile-15N, and metronidazole-15N2-13C2 substrates were studied representing three classes of compounds (five- and six-membered heterocycles and nitrile), showing the wide applicability of the technique. Metronidazole-15N2-13C2 is an FDA-approved antibiotic that can be injected in large quantities, promising noninvasive and accurate hypoxia sensing. The 15N hyperpolarization levels attained with QUASR-SABRE on metronidazole-15N2-13C2 were more than 2-fold greater than those with SABRE-SHEATH (SABRE in shield enables alignment transfer to heteronuclei), demonstrating that QUASR-SABRE can deliver significantly more efficient means of SABRE hyperpolarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Theis
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695-8204, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, 27708, United States
| | - Nuwandi M. Ariyasingha
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Wayne State University, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Detroit, Michigan, 48202, United States
| | - Roman V. Shchepin
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Nashville, Tennessee, 37232-2310, United States
| | - Jacob Lindale
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, 27708, United States
| | - Warren S. Warren
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, 27708, United States
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Wayne State University, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Detroit, Michigan, 48202, United States
- Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospekt 14, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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26
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Hövener JB, Pravdivtsev AN, Kidd B, Bowers CR, Glöggler S, Kovtunov KV, Plaumann M, Katz-Brull R, Buckenmaier K, Jerschow A, Reineri F, Theis T, Shchepin RV, Wagner S, Bhattacharya P, Zacharias NM, Chekmenev EY. Parahydrogen-Based Hyperpolarization for Biomedicine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:11140-11162. [PMID: 29484795 PMCID: PMC6105405 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201711842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance (MR) is one of the most versatile and useful physical effects used for human imaging, chemical analysis, and the elucidation of molecular structures. However, its full potential is rarely used, because only a small fraction of the nuclear spin ensemble is polarized, that is, aligned with the applied static magnetic field. Hyperpolarization methods seek other means to increase the polarization and thus the MR signal. A unique source of pure spin order is the entangled singlet spin state of dihydrogen, parahydrogen (pH2 ), which is inherently stable and long-lived. When brought into contact with another molecule, this "spin order on demand" allows the MR signal to be enhanced by several orders of magnitude. Considerable progress has been made in the past decade in the area of pH2 -based hyperpolarization techniques for biomedical applications. It is the goal of this Review to provide a selective overview of these developments, covering the areas of spin physics, catalysis, instrumentation, preparation of the contrast agents, and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Bernd Hövener
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel University, Am Botanischen Garten 14, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andrey N Pravdivtsev
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel University, Am Botanischen Garten 14, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Bryce Kidd
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA
| | - C Russell Bowers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Stefan Glöggler
- Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
- Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration, Von-Siebold-Strasse 3A, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Kirill V Kovtunov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova St. 2, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Markus Plaumann
- Department of Biometry and Medical Informatics, Otto-von-Guericke University of Magdeburg, Leipziger Strasse 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Rachel Katz-Brull
- Department of Radiology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Kai Buckenmaier
- Magnetic resonance center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Alexej Jerschow
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Sq. East, New York, NY, 10003, USA
| | - Francesca Reineri
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, via Nizza 52, Torino, Italy
| | - Thomas Theis
- Department of Chemistry & Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Roman V Shchepin
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, 1161 21st Ave South, MCN AA-1105, Nashville, TN, 37027, USA
| | - Shawn Wagner
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Pratip Bhattacharya
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Niki M Zacharias
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Eduard Y Chekmenev
- Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Leninskiy Prospekt 14, Moscow, 119991, Russia
- Department of Chemistry, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI) and Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
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27
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Emondts M, Schikowski D, Klankermayer J, Schleker PPM. Non-Pairwise Interactions in Parahydrogen Experiments: Nuclear Exchange of Single Protons Enables Bulk Water Hyperpolarization. Chemphyschem 2018; 19:2614-2620. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201800521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meike Emondts
- ITMC.MC, RWTH Aachen University; Worringerweg 2 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Daniel Schikowski
- ITMC.MC, RWTH Aachen University; Worringerweg 2 52074 Aachen Germany
| | | | - P. Philipp M. Schleker
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion; Stiftstr. 34-36 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
- Institut für Energie und Klimaforschung (IEK-9); Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH; 52425 Jülich Germany
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28
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Hövener J, Pravdivtsev AN, Kidd B, Bowers CR, Glöggler S, Kovtunov KV, Plaumann M, Katz‐Brull R, Buckenmaier K, Jerschow A, Reineri F, Theis T, Shchepin RV, Wagner S, Bhattacharya P, Zacharias NM, Chekmenev EY. Parawasserstoff‐basierte Hyperpolarisierung für die Biomedizin. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201711842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan‐Bernd Hövener
- Sektion Biomedizinische Bildgebung, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC) Klinik für Radiologie und Neuroradiologie Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel Am Botanischen Garten 14 24118 Kiel Deutschland
| | - Andrey N. Pravdivtsev
- Sektion Biomedizinische Bildgebung, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC) Klinik für Radiologie und Neuroradiologie Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel Am Botanischen Garten 14 24118 Kiel Deutschland
| | - Bryce Kidd
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Southern Illinois University Carbondale IL 62901 USA
| | - C. Russell Bowers
- Department of Chemistry University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA
| | - Stefan Glöggler
- Max Planck-Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie Am Fassberg 11 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
- Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration Von-Siebold-Straße 3A 37075 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Kirill V. Kovtunov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS 630090 Novosibirsk Russland
- Department of Natural Sciences Novosibirsk State University Pirogova St. 2 630090 Novosibirsk Russland
| | - Markus Plaumann
- Institut für Biometrie und Medizinische Informatik Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg Leipziger Straße 44 39120 Magdeburg Deutschland
| | - Rachel Katz‐Brull
- Department of Radiology Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center Jerusalem Israel
| | - Kai Buckenmaier
- Magnetresonanz-Zentrum Max Planck-Institut für biologische Kybernetik Tübingen Deutschland
| | - Alexej Jerschow
- Department of Chemistry New York University 100 Washington Sq. East New York NY 10003 USA
| | - Francesca Reineri
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences University of Torino via Nizza 52 Torino Italien
| | - Thomas Theis
- Department of Chemistry & Department of Physics Duke University Durham NC 27708 USA
| | - Roman V. Shchepin
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS) Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences 1161 21st Ave South, MCN AA-1105 Nashville TN 37027 USA
| | - Shawn Wagner
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute Cedars Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles CA 90048 USA
| | - Pratip Bhattacharya
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston TX 77030 USA
| | - Niki M. Zacharias
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston TX 77030 USA
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS) Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences 1161 21st Ave South, MCN AA-1105 Nashville TN 37027 USA
- Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) Leninskiy Prospekt 14 Moscow 119991 Russland
- Department of Chemistry, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI) and Integrative Biosciences (Ibio) Wayne State University Detroit MI 48202 USA
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29
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Richardson PM, Parrott AJ, Semenova O, Nordon A, Duckett SB, Halse ME. SABRE hyperpolarization enables high-sensitivity 1H and 13C benchtop NMR spectroscopy. Analyst 2018; 143:3442-3450. [PMID: 29917031 PMCID: PMC6040279 DOI: 10.1039/c8an00596f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Benchtop NMR spectrometers operating with low magnetic fields of 1-2 T at sub-ppm resolution show great promise as analytical platforms that can be used outside the traditional laboratory environment for industrial process monitoring. One current limitation that reduces the uptake of benchtop NMR is associated with the detection fields' reduced sensitivity. Here we demonstrate how para-hydrogen (p-H2) based signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE), a simple to achieve hyperpolarization technique, enhances agent detectability within the environment of a benchtop (1 T) NMR spectrometer so that informative 1H and 13C NMR spectra can be readily recorded for low-concentration analytes. SABRE-derived 1H NMR signal enhancements of up to 17 000-fold, corresponding to 1H polarization levels of P = 5.9%, were achieved for 26 mM pyridine in d4-methanol in a matter of seconds. Comparable enhancement levels can be achieved in both deuterated and protio solvents but now the SABRE-enhanced analyte signals dominate due to the comparatively weak thermally-polarized solvent response. The SABRE approach also enables the acquisition of 13C NMR spectra of analytes at natural isotopic abundance in a single scan as evidenced by hyperpolarized 13C NMR spectra of tens of millimolar concentrations of 4-methylpyridine. Now the associated signal enhancement factors are up to 45 500 fold (P = 4.0%) and achieved in just 15 s. Integration of an automated SABRE polarization system with the benchtop NMR spectrometer framework produces renewable and reproducible NMR signal enhancements that can be exploited for the collection of multi-dimensional NMR spectra, exemplified here by a SABRE-enhanced 2D COSY NMR spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter M. Richardson
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance
, Department of Chemistry
, University of York
,
UK
.
;
| | - Andrew J. Parrott
- WestCHEM
, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry and CPACT
, University of Strathclyde
,
Glasgow
, UK
| | - Olga Semenova
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance
, Department of Chemistry
, University of York
,
UK
.
;
| | - Alison Nordon
- WestCHEM
, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry and CPACT
, University of Strathclyde
,
Glasgow
, UK
| | - Simon B. Duckett
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance
, Department of Chemistry
, University of York
,
UK
.
;
| | - Meghan E. Halse
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance
, Department of Chemistry
, University of York
,
UK
.
;
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30
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Shchepin RV, Jaigirdar L, Chekmenev EY. Spin-Lattice Relaxation of Hyperpolarized Metronidazole in Signal Amplification by Reversible Exchange in Micro-Tesla Fields. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2018; 122:4984-4996. [PMID: 29955244 PMCID: PMC6017983 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.8b00283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Simultaneous reversible chemical exchange of parahydrogen and to-be-hyperpolarized substrate on metal centers enables spontaneous transfer of spin order from parahydrogen singlet to nuclear spins of the substrate. When performed at sub-micro-Tesla magnetic field, this technique of NMR Signal Amplification by Reversible Exchange in SHield Enables Alignment Transfer to Heteronuclei (SABRE-SHEATH). SABRE-SHEATH has been shown to hyperpolarize nitrogen-15 sites of a wide range of biologically interesting molecules to a high polarization level (P > 20%) in one minute. Here, we report on a systematic study of 1H, 13C and 15N spin-lattice relaxation (T1) of metronidazole-13C2-15N2 in SABRE-SHEATH hyperpolarization process. In micro-Tesla range, we find that all 1H, 13C and 15N spins studied share approximately the same T1 values (ca. 4 s at the conditions studied) due to mixing of their Zeeman levels, which is consistent with the model of relayed SABRE-SHEATH effect. These T1 values are significantly lower than those at higher magnetic (i.e. the Earth's magnetic field and above), which exceed 3 minutes in some cases. Moreover, these relatively short T1 values observed below 1 micro-Tesla limit the polarization build-up process of SABRE-SHEATH- thereby, limiting maximum attainable 15N polarization. The relatively short nature of T1 values observed below 1 micro-Tesla is primarily caused by intermolecular interactions with quadrupolar iridium centers or dihydride protons of the employed polarization transfer catalyst, whereas intramolecular spin-spin interactions with 14N quadrupolar centers have significantly smaller contribution. The presented experimental results and their analysis will be beneficial for more rational design of SABRE-SHEATH (i) polarization transfer catalyst, and (ii) hyperpolarized molecular probes in the context of biomedical imaging and other applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman V. Shchepin
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC), Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2310 United States
| | - Lamya Jaigirdar
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC), Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2310 United States
- Vanderbilt University, School of Engineering, Nashville, Tennessee 37232 United States
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC), Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2310 United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2310, United States
- Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospekt 14, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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31
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Huang X, Dong H, Qiu Y, Li B, Tao Q, Zhang Y, Krause HJ, Offenhäusser A, Xie X. Adaptive suppression of power line interference in ultra-low field magnetic resonance imaging in an unshielded environment. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2018; 286:52-59. [PMID: 29183004 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2017.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Power-line harmonic interference and fixed-frequency noise peaks may cause stripe-artifacts in ultra-low field (ULF) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in an unshielded environment and in a conductively shielded room. In this paper we describe an adaptive suppression method to eliminate these artifacts in MRI images. This technique utilizes spatial correlation of the interference from different positions, and is realized by subtracting the outputs of the reference channel(s) from those of the signal channel(s) using wavelet analysis and the least squares method. The adaptive suppression method is first implemented to remove the image artifacts in simulation. We then experimentally demonstrate the feasibility of this technique by adding three orthogonal superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometers as reference channels to compensate the output of one 2nd-order gradiometer. The experimental results show great improvement in the imaging quality in both 1D and 2D MRI images at two common imaging frequencies, 1.3 kHz and 4.8 kHz. At both frequencies, the effective compensation bandwidth is as high as 2 kHz. Furthermore, we examine the longitudinal relaxation times of the same sample before and after compensation, and show that the MRI properties of the sample did not change after applying adaptive suppression. This technique can effectively increase the imaging bandwidth and be applied to ULF MRI detected by either SQUIDs or Faraday coil in both an unshielded environment and a conductively shielded room.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (SIMIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 200050, China; CAS Center for ExcelleNce in Superconducting Electronics (CENSE), Shanghai 200050, China; Joint Research Institute on Functional Materials and Electronics, Collaboration between SIMIT and FZJ, Germany; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hui Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (SIMIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 200050, China; CAS Center for ExcelleNce in Superconducting Electronics (CENSE), Shanghai 200050, China; Joint Research Institute on Functional Materials and Electronics, Collaboration between SIMIT and FZJ, Germany.
| | - Yang Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (SIMIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 200050, China; CAS Center for ExcelleNce in Superconducting Electronics (CENSE), Shanghai 200050, China; Joint Research Institute on Functional Materials and Electronics, Collaboration between SIMIT and FZJ, Germany; China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Bo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (SIMIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 200050, China; CAS Center for ExcelleNce in Superconducting Electronics (CENSE), Shanghai 200050, China; Joint Research Institute on Functional Materials and Electronics, Collaboration between SIMIT and FZJ, Germany; China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Quan Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (SIMIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 200050, China; CAS Center for ExcelleNce in Superconducting Electronics (CENSE), Shanghai 200050, China; Institute of Complex Systems (ICS-8), Forschungszentrum Jülich (FZJ), D-52425 Jülich, Germany; Joint Research Institute on Functional Materials and Electronics, Collaboration between SIMIT and FZJ, Germany
| | - Yi Zhang
- Institute of Complex Systems (ICS-8), Forschungszentrum Jülich (FZJ), D-52425 Jülich, Germany; Joint Research Institute on Functional Materials and Electronics, Collaboration between SIMIT and FZJ, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Krause
- Institute of Complex Systems (ICS-8), Forschungszentrum Jülich (FZJ), D-52425 Jülich, Germany; Joint Research Institute on Functional Materials and Electronics, Collaboration between SIMIT and FZJ, Germany. h.-
| | - Andreas Offenhäusser
- Institute of Complex Systems (ICS-8), Forschungszentrum Jülich (FZJ), D-52425 Jülich, Germany; Joint Research Institute on Functional Materials and Electronics, Collaboration between SIMIT and FZJ, Germany
| | - Xiaoming Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (SIMIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 200050, China; CAS Center for ExcelleNce in Superconducting Electronics (CENSE), Shanghai 200050, China; Joint Research Institute on Functional Materials and Electronics, Collaboration between SIMIT and FZJ, Germany
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Kovtunov KV, Kidd BE, Salnikov OG, Bales LB, Gemeinhardt ME, Gesiorski J, Shchepin RV, Chekmenev EY, Goodson BM, Koptyug IV. Imaging of Biomolecular NMR Signals Amplified by Reversible Exchange with Parahydrogen Inside an MRI Scanner. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2017; 121:25994-25999. [PMID: 30701013 PMCID: PMC6349396 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.7b10549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The Signal Amplification by Reversible Exchange (SABRE) technique employs exchange with singlet-state parahydrogen to efficiently generate high levels of nuclear spin polarization. Spontaneous SABRE has been shown previously to be efficient in the milli-Tesla and micro-Tesla regimes. We have recently demonstrated that high-field SABRE is also possible, where proton sites of molecules that are able to reversibly coordinate to a metal center can be hyperpolarized directly within high-field magnets, potentially offering the convenience of in situ hyperpolarization-based spectroscopy and imaging without sample shuttling. Here, we show efficient polarization transfer from parahydrogen (para-H2) to the 15N atoms of imidazole-15N2 and nicotinamide-15N achieved via high-field SABRE (HF-SABRE). Spontaneous transfer of spin order from the para-H2 protons to 15N atoms at the high magnetic field of an MRI scanner allows one not only to record enhanced 15N NMR spectra of in situ hyperpolarized biomolecules, but also to perform imaging using conventional MRI sequences. 2D 15N MRI of high-field SABRE-hyperpolarized imidazole with spatial resolution of 0.3×0.3 mm2 at 9.4 T magnetic field and a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of ~99 was demonstrated. We show that 1H MRI of in situ HF-SABRE hyperpolarized biomolecules (e.g. imidazole-15N2) is also feasible. Taken together, these results show that heteronuclear (15N) and 1H spectroscopic detection and imaging of high-field-SABRE-hyperpolarized molecules are promising tools for a number of emerging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirill V. Kovtunov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
- Corresponding Author, ,
| | - Bryce E. Kidd
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA
- Corresponding Author, ,
| | - Oleg G. Salnikov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Liana B. Bales
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA
| | - Max E. Gemeinhardt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA
| | - Jonathan Gesiorski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA
| | - Roman V. Shchepin
- Vanderbilt Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA
- Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
- Vanderbilt Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Boyd M. Goodson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA
- Materials Technology Center, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA
| | - Igor V. Koptyug
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
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33
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Coffey AM, Shchepin RV, Feng B, Colon RD, Wilkens K, Waddell KW, Chekmenev EY. A pulse programmable parahydrogen polarizer using a tunable electromagnet and dual channel NMR spectrometer. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2017; 284:115-124. [PMID: 29028543 PMCID: PMC5708540 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2017.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Applications of parahydrogen induced polarization (PHIP) often warrant conversion of the chemically-synthesized singlet-state spin order into net heteronuclear magnetization. In order to obtain optimal yields from the overall hyperpolarization process, catalytic hydrogenation must be tightly synchronized to subsequent radiofrequency (RF) transformations of spin order. Commercial NMR consoles are designed to synchronize applied waves on multiple channels and consequently are well-suited as controllers for these types of hyperpolarization experiments that require tight coordination of RF and non-RF events. Described here is a PHIP instrument interfaced to a portable NMR console operating with a static field electromagnet in the milliTesla regime. In addition to providing comprehensive control over chemistry and RF events, this setup condenses the PHIP protocol into a pulse-program that in turn can be readily shared in the manner of traditional pulse sequences. In this device, a TTL multiplexer was constructed to convert spectrometer TTL outputs into 24 VDC signals. These signals then activated solenoid valves to control chemical shuttling and reactivity in PHIP experiments. Consolidating these steps in a pulse-programming environment speeded calibration and improved quality assurance by enabling the B0/B1 fields to be tuned based on the direct acquisition of thermally polarized and hyperpolarized NMR signals. Performance was tested on the parahydrogen addition product of 2-hydroxyethyl propionate-1-13C-d3, where the 13C polarization was estimated to be P13C=20±2.5% corresponding to 13C signal enhancement approximately 25 million-fold at 9.1 mT or approximately 77,000-fold 13C enhancement at 3 T with respect to thermally induced polarization at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron M Coffey
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-2310, United States; Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-2310, United States
| | - Roman V Shchepin
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-2310, United States; Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-2310, United States
| | - Bibo Feng
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-2310, United States; Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-2310, United States
| | - Raul D Colon
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-2310, United States; Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-2310, United States
| | - Ken Wilkens
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-2310, United States
| | - Kevin W Waddell
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-2310, United States; Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-2310, United States
| | - Eduard Y Chekmenev
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-2310, United States; Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-2310, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-2310, United States; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-2310, United States; Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospekt 14, Moscow 119991, Russia.
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Kovtunov KV, Kovtunova LM, Gemeinhardt ME, Bukhtiyarov AV, Gesiorski J, Bukhtiyarov VI, Chekmenev EY, Koptyug IV, Goodson BM. Heterogeneous Microtesla SABRE Enhancement of 15 N NMR Signals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:10433-10437. [PMID: 28644918 PMCID: PMC5561492 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201705014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The hyperpolarization of heteronuclei via signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE) was investigated under conditions of heterogeneous catalysis and microtesla magnetic fields. Immobilization of [IrCl(COD)(IMes)], [IMes=1,3-bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl), imidazole-2-ylidene; COD=cyclooctadiene] catalyst onto silica particles modified with amine linkers engenders an effective heterogeneous SABRE (HET-SABRE) catalyst that was used to demonstrate a circa 100-fold enhancement of 15 N NMR signals in 15 N-pyridine at 9.4 T following parahydrogen bubbling within a magnetic shield. No 15 N NMR enhancement was observed from the supernatant liquid following catalyst separation, which along with XPS characterization supports the fact that the effects result from SABRE under heterogeneous catalytic conditions. The technique can be developed further for producing catalyst-free agents via SABRE with hyperpolarized heteronuclear spins, and thus is promising for biomedical NMR and MRI applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirill V Kovtunov
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Microimaging, International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Larisa M Kovtunova
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, 5 Acad. Lavrentiev Pr., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Max E Gemeinhardt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA
| | - Andrey V Bukhtiyarov
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, 5 Acad. Lavrentiev Pr., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Jonathan Gesiorski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA
| | - Valerii I Bukhtiyarov
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, 5 Acad. Lavrentiev Pr., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Eduard Y Chekmenev
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Nashville, TN, 37232-2310, USA
- Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospekt 14, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor V Koptyug
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Microimaging, International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Boyd M Goodson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA
- Materials Technology Center, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA
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35
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Coffey AM, Feldman MA, Shchepin RV, Barskiy DA, Truong ML, Pham W, Chekmenev EY. High-resolution hyperpolarized in vivo metabolic 13C spectroscopy at low magnetic field (48.7mT) following murine tail-vein injection. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2017; 281:246-252. [PMID: 28651245 PMCID: PMC5544012 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2017.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
High-resolution 13C NMR spectroscopy of hyperpolarized succinate-1-13C-2,3-d2 is reported in vitro and in vivo using a clinical-scale, biplanar (80cm-gap) 48.7mT permanent magnet with a high homogeneity magnetic field. Non-localized 13C NMR spectra were recorded at 0.52MHz resonance frequency over the torso of a tumor-bearing mouse every 2s. Hyperpolarized 13C NMR signals with linewidths of ∼3Hz (corresponding to ∼6ppm) were recorded in vitro (2mL in a syringe) and in vivo (over a mouse torso). Comparison of the full width at half maximum (FWHM) for 13C NMR spectra acquired at 48.7mT and at 4.7T in a small-animal MRI scanner demonstrates a factor of ∼12 improvement for the 13C resonance linewidth attainable at 48.7mT compared to that at 4.7T in vitro. 13C hyperpolarized succinate-1-13C resonance linewidths in vivo are at least one order of magnitude narrower at 48.7mT compared to those observed in high-field (≥3T) studies employing HP contrast agents. The demonstrated high-resolution 13C in vivo spectroscopy could be useful for high-sensitivity spectroscopic studies involving monitoring HP agent uptake or detecting metabolism using HP contrast agents with sufficiently large 13C chemical shift differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron M Coffey
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-2310, United States; Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-2310, United States.
| | - Matthew A Feldman
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-2310, United States; Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-2310, United States
| | - Roman V Shchepin
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-2310, United States; Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-2310, United States
| | - Danila A Barskiy
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-2310, United States; Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-2310, United States
| | - Milton L Truong
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-2310, United States; Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-2310, United States
| | - Wellington Pham
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-2310, United States; Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-2310, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-2310, United States; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-2310, United States
| | - Eduard Y Chekmenev
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-2310, United States; Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-2310, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-2310, United States; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-2310, United States; Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospekt 14, Moscow 119991, Russia.
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36
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Kovtunov KV, Kovtunova LM, Gemeinhardt ME, Bukhtiyarov AV, Gesiorski J, Bukhtiyarov VI, Chekmenev EY, Koptyug IV, Goodson BM. Heterogeneous Microtesla SABRE Enhancement of
15
N NMR Signals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201705014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kirill V. Kovtunov
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Microimaging International Tomography Center, SB RAS 3A Institutskaya St. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
- Novosibirsk State University 2 Pirogova St. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| | - Larisa M. Kovtunova
- Novosibirsk State University 2 Pirogova St. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS 5 Acad. Lavrentiev Pr. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| | - Max E. Gemeinhardt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Southern Illinois University Carbondale IL 62901 USA
| | - Andrey V. Bukhtiyarov
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS 5 Acad. Lavrentiev Pr. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| | - Jonathan Gesiorski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Southern Illinois University Carbondale IL 62901 USA
| | | | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS) Department of Radiology Department of Biomedical Engineering Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC) Nashville TN 37232-2310 USA
- Russian Academy of Sciences Leninskiy Prospekt 14 119991 Moscow Russia
| | - Igor V. Koptyug
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Microimaging International Tomography Center, SB RAS 3A Institutskaya St. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
- Novosibirsk State University 2 Pirogova St. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| | - Boyd M. Goodson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Southern Illinois University Carbondale IL 62901 USA
- Materials Technology Center Southern Illinois University Carbondale IL 62901 USA
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37
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Shchepin RV, Goodson BM, Theis T, Warren WS, Chekmenev EY. Toward Hyperpolarized 19 F Molecular Imaging via Reversible Exchange with Parahydrogen. Chemphyschem 2017; 18:1961-1965. [PMID: 28557156 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201700594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Fluorine-19 has high NMR detection sensitivity-similar to that of protons-owing to its large gyromagnetic ratio and high natural abundance (100 %). Unlike protons, however, fluorine-19 (19 F) has a negligible occurrence in biological objects, as well as a more sensitive chemical shift. As a result, in vivo 19 F NMR spectroscopy and MR imaging offer advantages of negligible background signal and sensitive reporting of the local molecular environment. Here we report on NMR hyperpolarization of 19 F nuclei using reversible exchange reactions with parahydrogen gas as the source of nuclear spin order. NMR signals of 3-fluoropyridine were enhanced by ≈100 fold, corresponding to 0.3 % 19 F nuclear spin polarization (at 9.4 T), using about 50 % parahydrogen. While future optimization efforts will likely significantly increase the hyperpolarization levels, we already demonstrate the utility of 19 F hyperpolarization for high-resolution hyperpolarized 19 F imaging and hyperpolarized 19 F pH sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman V Shchepin
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Physics, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Nashville, Tennessee, 37232-2310, USA
| | - Boyd M Goodson
- Southern Illinois University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Materials Technology Center, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA
| | - Thomas Theis
- Departments of Chemistry, Duke University, 124 Science Drive, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Warren S Warren
- Departments of Chemistry, Duke University, 124 Science Drive, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Eduard Y Chekmenev
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Physics, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Nashville, Tennessee, 37232-2310, USA.,Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospekt 14, 119991, Moscow, Russia
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38
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Shchepin RV, Barskiy DA, Coffey AM, Feldman MA, Kovtunova LM, Bukhtiyarov VI, Kovtunov KV, Goodson BM, Koptyug IV, Chekmenev EY. Robust Imidazole‐
15
N
2
Synthesis for High‐Resolution Low‐Field (0.05 T)
15
N Hyperpolarized NMR Spectroscopy. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201700718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Roman V. Shchepin
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering Department of Physics and Astronomy Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2310 United States
| | - Danila A. Barskiy
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering Department of Physics and Astronomy Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2310 United States
| | - Aaron M. Coffey
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering Department of Physics and Astronomy Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2310 United States
| | - Matthew A. Feldman
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering Department of Physics and Astronomy Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2310 United States
| | - Larisa M. Kovtunova
- Novosibirsk State University 2 Pirogova St. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS 5 Acad. Lavrentiev Pr. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| | - Valerii I. Bukhtiyarov
- Novosibirsk State University 2 Pirogova St. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS 5 Acad. Lavrentiev Pr. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| | - Kirill V. Kovtunov
- Novosibirsk State University 2 Pirogova St. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Microimaging International Tomography Center (ITC), SB RAS 3 A Institutskaya St. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| | - Boyd M. Goodson
- Southern Illinois University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Materials Technology Center Carbondale IL 62901 United States
| | - Igor V. Koptyug
- Novosibirsk State University 2 Pirogova St. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Microimaging International Tomography Center (ITC), SB RAS 3 A Institutskaya St. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering Department of Physics and Astronomy Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2310 United States
- Russian Academy of Sciences Leninskiy Prospekt 14 119991 Moscow Russia
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39
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Barskiy DA, Salnikov OG, Romanov AS, Feldman MA, Coffey AM, Kovtunov KV, Koptyug IV, Chekmenev EY. NMR Spin-Lock Induced Crossing (SLIC) dispersion and long-lived spin states of gaseous propane at low magnetic field (0.05T). JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2017; 276:78-85. [PMID: 28152435 PMCID: PMC5452975 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2017.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
When parahydrogen reacts with propylene in low magnetic fields (e.g., 0.05T), the reaction product propane develops an overpopulation of pseudo-singlet nuclear spin states. We studied how the Spin-Lock Induced Crossing (SLIC) technique can be used to convert these pseudo-singlet spin states of hyperpolarized gaseous propane into observable magnetization and to detect 1H NMR signal directly at 0.05T. The theoretical simulation and experimental study of the NMR signal dependence on B1 power (SLIC amplitude) exhibits a well-resolved dispersion, which is induced by the spin-spin couplings in the eight-proton spin system of propane. We also measured the exponential decay time constants (TLLSS or TS) of these pseudo-singlet long-lived spin states (LLSS) by varying the time between hyperpolarized propane production and SLIC detection. We have found that, on average, TS is approximately 3 times longer than the corresponding T1 value under the same conditions in the range of pressures studied (up to 7.6atm). Moreover, TS may exceed 13s at pressures above 7atm in the gas phase. These results are in agreement with the previous reports, and they corroborate a great potential of long-lived hyperpolarized propane as an inhalable gaseous contrast agent for lung imaging and as a molecular tracer to study porous media using low-field NMR and MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danila A Barskiy
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| | - Oleg G Salnikov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alexey S Romanov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Matthew A Feldman
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Aaron M Coffey
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Kirill V Kovtunov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Igor V Koptyug
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Eduard Y Chekmenev
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
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40
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Barskiy DA, Salnikov OG, Shchepin RV, Feldman MA, Coffey AM, Kovtunov KV, Koptyug IV, Chekmenev EY. NMR SLIC Sensing of Hydrogenation Reactions Using Parahydrogen in Low Magnetic Fields. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2016; 120:29098-29106. [PMID: 28066517 PMCID: PMC5204359 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b07555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Parahydrogen-induced polarization (PHIP) is an NMR hyperpolarization technique that increases nuclear spin polarization by orders of magnitude, and it is particularly well-suited to study hydrogenation reactions. However, the use of high-field NMR spectroscopy is not always possible, especially in the context of potential industrial-scale reactor applications. On the other hand, the direct low-field NMR detection of reaction products with enhanced nuclear spin polarization is challenging due to near complete signal cancellation from nascent parahydrogen protons. We show that hydrogenation products prepared by PHIP can be irradiated with weak (on the order of spin-spin couplings of a few hertz) alternating magnetic field (called Spin-Lock Induced Crossing or SLIC) and consequently efficiently detected at low magnetic field (e.g., 0.05 T used here) using examples of several types of organic molecules containing a vinyl moiety. The detected hyperpolarized signals from several reaction products at tens of millimolar concentrations were enhanced by 10000-fold, producing NMR signals an order of magnitude greater than the background signal from protonated solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danila A. Barskiy
- Vanderbilt
University Institute of Imaging Sciences, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Oleg G. Salnikov
- International
Tomography Center SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk
State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Roman V. Shchepin
- Vanderbilt
University Institute of Imaging Sciences, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Matthew A. Feldman
- Vanderbilt
University Institute of Imaging Sciences, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Aaron M. Coffey
- Vanderbilt
University Institute of Imaging Sciences, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Kirill V. Kovtunov
- International
Tomography Center SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk
State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Igor V. Koptyug
- International
Tomography Center SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk
State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Vanderbilt
University Institute of Imaging Sciences, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Russian
Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
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Kovtunov KV, Barskiy DA, Shchepin RV, Salnikov OG, Prosvirin IP, Bukhtiyarov AV, Kovtunova LM, Bukhtiyarov VI, Koptyug IV, Chekmenev EY. Production of Pure Aqueous 13 C-Hyperpolarized Acetate by Heterogeneous Parahydrogen-Induced Polarization. Chemistry 2016; 22:16446-16449. [PMID: 27607402 PMCID: PMC5544125 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201603974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A supported metal catalyst was designed, characterized, and tested for aqueous phase heterogeneous hydrogenation of vinyl acetate with parahydrogen to produce 13 C-hyperpolarized ethyl acetate for potential biomedical applications. The Rh/TiO2 catalyst with a metal loading of 23.2 wt % produced strongly hyperpolarized 13 C-enriched ethyl acetate-1-13 C detected at 9.4 T. An approximately 14-fold 13 C signal enhancement was detected using circa 50 % parahydrogen gas without taking into account relaxation losses before and after polarization transfer by magnetic field cycling from nascent parahydrogen-derived protons to 13 C nuclei. This first observation of 13 C PHIP-hyperpolarized products over a supported metal catalyst in an aqueous medium opens up new possibilities for production of catalyst-free aqueous solutions of nontoxic hyperpolarized contrast agents for a wide range of biomolecules amenable to the parahydrogen induced polarization by side arm hydrogenation (PHIP-SAH) approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirill V Kovtunov
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Microimaging, International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
| | - Danila A Barskiy
- Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Nashville, Tennessee, 37232-2310, USA
| | - Roman V Shchepin
- Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Nashville, Tennessee, 37232-2310, USA
| | - Oleg G Salnikov
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Microimaging, International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Igor P Prosvirin
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, 5 Acad. Lavrentiev Pr., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Andrey V Bukhtiyarov
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, 5 Acad. Lavrentiev Pr., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Larisa M Kovtunova
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, 5 Acad. Lavrentiev Pr., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Valerii I Bukhtiyarov
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, 5 Acad. Lavrentiev Pr., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Igor V Koptyug
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Microimaging, International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
| | - Eduard Y Chekmenev
- Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Nashville, Tennessee, 37232-2310, USA.
- Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospekt 14, 119991, Moscow, Russia.
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Kovtunov KV, Salnikov OG, Zhivonitko VV, Skovpin IV, Bukhtiyarov VI, Koptyug IV. Catalysis and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Signal Enhancement with Parahydrogen. Top Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-016-0688-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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44
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Coffey AM, Shchepin RV, Truong ML, Wilkens K, Pham W, Chekmenev EY. Open-Source Automated Parahydrogen Hyperpolarizer for Molecular Imaging Using (13)C Metabolic Contrast Agents. Anal Chem 2016; 88:8279-88. [PMID: 27478927 PMCID: PMC4991553 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b02130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
![]()
An
open-source hyperpolarizer producing 13C hyperpolarized
contrast agents using parahydrogen induced polarization (PHIP) for
biomedical and other applications is presented. This PHIP hyperpolarizer
utilizes an Arduino microcontroller in conjunction with a readily
modified graphical user interface written in the open-source processing
software environment to completely control the PHIP hyperpolarization
process including remotely triggering an NMR spectrometer for efficient
production of payloads of hyperpolarized contrast agent and in situ quality assurance of the produced hyperpolarization.
Key advantages of this hyperpolarizer include: (i) use of open-source
software and hardware seamlessly allowing for replication and further
improvement as well as readily customizable integration with other
NMR spectrometers or MRI scanners (i.e., this is a multiplatform design),
(ii) relatively low cost and robustness, and (iii) in situ detection capability and complete automation. The device performance
is demonstrated by production of a dose (∼2–3 mL) of
hyperpolarized 13C-succinate with %P13C ∼ 28% and 30 mM concentration and 13C-phospholactate
at %P13C ∼ 15% and 25 mM concentration
in aqueous medium. These contrast agents are used for ultrafast molecular
imaging and spectroscopy at 4.7 and 0.0475 T. In particular, the conversion
of hyperpolarized 13C-phospholactate to 13C-lactate in vivo is used here to demonstrate the feasibility of ultrafast
multislice 13C MRI after tail vein injection of hyperpolarized 13C-phospholactate in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Eduard Y Chekmenev
- Russian Academy of Sciences , Leninskiy Prospekt 14, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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45
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Logan AWJ, Theis T, Colell JFP, Warren WS, Malcolmson SJ. Hyperpolarization of Nitrogen‐15 Schiff Bases by Reversible Exchange Catalysis with
para
‐Hydrogen. Chemistry 2016; 22:10777-81. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Angus W. J. Logan
- Department of Chemistry Duke University, French Family Science Center 124 Science Drive Durham NC 27708 USA
| | - Thomas Theis
- Department of Chemistry Duke University, French Family Science Center 124 Science Drive Durham NC 27708 USA
| | - Johannes F. P. Colell
- Department of Chemistry Duke University, French Family Science Center 124 Science Drive Durham NC 27708 USA
| | - Warren S. Warren
- Department of Chemistry Duke University, French Family Science Center 124 Science Drive Durham NC 27708 USA
- Department of Physics Duke University, French Family Science Center 124 Science Drive Durham NC 27708 USA
- Department of Radiology Duke University, French Family Science Center 124 Science Drive Durham NC 27708 USA
| | - Steven J. Malcolmson
- Department of Chemistry Duke University, French Family Science Center 124 Science Drive Durham NC 27708 USA
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Rovedo P, Knecht S, Bäumlisberger T, Cremer AL, Duckett SB, Mewis RE, Green GGR, Burns M, Rayner PJ, Leibfritz D, Korvink JG, Hennig J, Pütz G, von Elverfeldt D, Hövener JB. Molecular MRI in the Earth’s Magnetic Field Using Continuous Hyperpolarization of a Biomolecule in Water. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:5670-7. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b02830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Rovedo
- Department
of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center – University
of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacher
Strasse 60 a, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Knecht
- Department
of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center – University
of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacher
Strasse 60 a, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tim Bäumlisberger
- Department
of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center – University
of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacher
Strasse 60 a, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anna Lena Cremer
- Department
of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center – University
of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacher
Strasse 60 a, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Simon B. Duckett
- Centre
for Hyperpolarization in Magnetic Resonance, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Ryan E. Mewis
- School
of Science and the Environment, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester, M1 5GD, U.K
| | - Gary G. R. Green
- Centre
for Hyperpolarization in Magnetic Resonance, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Michael Burns
- Centre
for Hyperpolarization in Magnetic Resonance, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Peter J. Rayner
- Centre
for Hyperpolarization in Magnetic Resonance, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Dieter Leibfritz
- Department
of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center – University
of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacher
Strasse 60 a, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jan G. Korvink
- Institute
of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Hennig
- Department
of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center – University
of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacher
Strasse 60 a, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Pütz
- Institute
for Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center, Breisacher Strasse
60 a, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dominik von Elverfeldt
- Department
of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center – University
of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacher
Strasse 60 a, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jan-Bernd Hövener
- Department
of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center – University
of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacher
Strasse 60 a, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- German Consortium for Cancer Research (DKTK) Partner Site Freiburg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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47
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Shi F, He P, Best QA, Groome K, Truong M, Coffey AM, Zimay G, Shchepin RV, Waddell KW, Chekmenev EY, Goodson BM. Aqueous NMR Signal Enhancement by Reversible Exchange in a Single Step Using Water-Soluble Catalysts. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2016; 120:12149-12156. [PMID: 27350846 PMCID: PMC4918635 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b04484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Two synthetic strategies are investigated for the preparation of water-soluble iridium-based catalysts for NMR signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE). In one approach, PEGylation of a variant N-heterocyclic carbene provided a novel catalyst with excellent water solubility. However, while SABRE-active in ethanol solutions, the catalyst lost activity in >50% water. In a second approach, synthesis of a novel di-iridium complex precursor where the cyclooctadiene (COD) rings have been replaced by CODDA (1,2-dihydroxy-3,7-cyclooctadiene) leads to the creation of a catalyst [IrCl(CODDA)IMes] that can be dissolved and activated in water-enabling aqueous SABRE in a single step, without need for either an organic cosolvent or solvent removal followed by aqueous reconstitution. The potential utility of the CODDA catalyst for aqueous SABRE is demonstrated with the ∼(-)32-fold enhancement of 1H signals of pyridine in water with only 1 atm of parahydrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Shi
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Materials Technology Center, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901, United States
| | - Ping He
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Materials Technology Center, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901, United States
| | - Quinn A. Best
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Materials Technology Center, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901, United States
| | - Kirsten Groome
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Materials Technology Center, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901, United States
| | - Milton
L. Truong
- Department
of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Institute
of Imaging Science, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Aaron M. Coffey
- Department
of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Institute
of Imaging Science, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Greg Zimay
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Materials Technology Center, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901, United States
| | - Roman V. Shchepin
- Department
of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Institute
of Imaging Science, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Kevin W. Waddell
- Department
of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Institute
of Imaging Science, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Department
of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Institute
of Imaging Science, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
- Vanderbilt-Ingram
Cancer Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Russian
Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospekt 14, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Boyd M. Goodson
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Materials Technology Center, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901, United States
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48
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Barskiy DA, Pravdivtsev AN, Ivanov KL, Kovtunov KV, Koptyug IV. A simple analytical model for signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE) process. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:89-93. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp05134g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
An analytical model was derived for signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE) process based on the combined analysis of chemical kinetics and the evolution of a nuclear spin ensemble.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrey N. Pravdivtsev
- International Tomography Center
- Novosibirsk 630090
- Russia
- Novosibirsk State University
- Novosibirsk 630090
| | - Konstantin L. Ivanov
- International Tomography Center
- Novosibirsk 630090
- Russia
- Novosibirsk State University
- Novosibirsk 630090
| | - Kirill V. Kovtunov
- International Tomography Center
- Novosibirsk 630090
- Russia
- Novosibirsk State University
- Novosibirsk 630090
| | - Igor V. Koptyug
- International Tomography Center
- Novosibirsk 630090
- Russia
- Novosibirsk State University
- Novosibirsk 630090
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49
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Mewis RE. Developments and advances concerning the hyperpolarisation technique SABRE. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2015; 53:789-800. [PMID: 26264565 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.4280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Revised: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
To overcome the inherent sensitivity issue in NMR and MRI, hyperpolarisation techniques are used. Signal Amplification By Reversible Exchange (SABRE) is a hyperpolarisation technique that utilises parahydrogen, a molecule that possesses a nuclear singlet state, as the source of polarisation. A metal complex is required to break the singlet order of parahydrogen and, by doing so, facilitates polarisation transfer to analyte molecules ligated to the same complex through the J-coupled network that exists. The increased signal intensities that the analyte molecules possess as a result of this process have led to investigations whereby their potential as MRI contrast agents has been probed and to understand the fundamental processes underpinning the polarisation transfer mechanism. As well as discussing literature relevant to both of these areas, the chemical structure of the complex, the physical constraints of the polarisation transfer process and the successes of implementing SABRE at low and high magnetic fields are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan E Mewis
- School of Science and the Environment, Division of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, John Dalton Building, Chester St., Manchester, M1 5GD, UK
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50
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Ruddlesden AJ, Mewis RE, Green GGR, Whitwood AC, Duckett SB. Catalytic Transfer of Magnetism using a Neutral Iridium Phenoxide Complex. Organometallics 2015; 34:2997-3006. [PMID: 28239225 PMCID: PMC5321507 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A novel neutral iridium carbene complex Ir(κC,O-L1)(COD) (1) [where COD = cyclooctadiene and L1 = 3-(2-methylene-4-nitrophenolate)-1-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl) imidazolylidene] with a pendant alkoxide ligand has been prepared and characterized. It contains a strong Ir-O bond and X-ray analysis reveals a distorted square planar structure. NMR spectroscopy reveals dynamic solution state behavior commensurate with rapid seven-membered ring flipping. In CD2Cl2 solution, under hydrogen at low temperature, this complex dominates although it exists in equilibrium with a reactive iridium dihydride cyclooctadiene complex. 1 reacts with pyridine and H2 to form neutral Ir(H)2(κC,O-L1)(py)2 which also exists in two conformers that differ according to the orientation of the seven-membered metallocycle and whilst its Ir-O bond remains intact, the complex undergoes both pyridine and H2 exchange. As a consequence, when placed under parahydrogen, efficient polarization transfer catalysis (PTC) is observed via the Signal Amplification By Reversible Exchange (SABRE) approach. Due to the neutral character of this catalyst, good hyperpolarization activity is shown in a wide range of solvents for a number of substrates. These observations reflect a dramatic improvement in solvent tolerance of SABRE over that reported for the best PTC precursor IrCl(IMes)(COD). For THF, the associated 1H NMR signal enhancement for the ortho proton signal of pyridine shows an increase of 600-fold at 298 K. The level of signal enhancement can be increased further through warming or varying the magnetic field experienced by the sample at the point of catalytic magnetization transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy J. Ruddlesden
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, YO10 5DD; Tel: 01904 322564
| | - Ryan E. Mewis
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, YO10 5DD; Tel: 01904 322564
| | - Gary G. R. Green
- York Neuroimaging Centre, The BiocentreYork, Science Park, Heslington, York, YO10 5NY
| | - Adrian C. Whitwood
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, YO10 5DD; Tel: 01904 322564
| | - Simon B. Duckett
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, YO10 5DD; Tel: 01904 322564
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