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Han D, Kim D, Kim H, Lee J, Lyu J, Kim JS, Shin J, Kim JS, Kim DK, Park HW. Methylsulfonylmethane ameliorates metabolic-associated fatty liver disease by restoring autophagy flux via AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 signaling pathway. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1302227. [PMID: 38099147 PMCID: PMC10720622 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1302227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Metabolism-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a global health concern because of its association with obesity, insulin resistance, and other metabolic abnormalities. Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM), an organic sulfur compound found in various plants and animals, exerts antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Here, we aimed to assess the anti-obesity activity and autophagy-related mechanisms of Methylsulfonylmethane. Method: Human hepatoma (HepG2) cells treated with palmitic acid (PA) were used to examine the effects of MSM on autophagic clearance. To evaluate the anti-obesity effect of MSM, male C57/BL6 mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD; 60% calories) and administered an oral dose of MSM (200 or 400 mg/kg/day). Moreover, we investigated the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1)/UNC-51-like autophagy-activating kinase 1 (ULK1) signaling pathway to further determine the underlying action mechanism of MSM. Results: Methylsulfonylmethane treatment significantly mitigated PA-induced protein aggregation in human hepatoma HepG2 cells. Additionally, Methylsulfonylmethane treatment reversed the PA-induced impairment of autophagic flux. Methylsulfonylmethane also enhanced the insulin sensitivity and significantly suppressed the HFD-induced obesity and hepatic steatosis in mice. Western blotting revealed that Methylsulfonylmethane improved ubiquitinated protein clearance in HFD-induced fatty liver. Remarkably, Methylsulfonylmethane promoted the activation of AMPK and ULK1 and inhibited mTOR activity. Conclusion: Our study suggests that MSM ameliorates hepatic steatosis by enhancing the autophagic flux via an AMPK/mTOR/ULK1-dependent signaling pathway. These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of MSM for obesity-related MAFLD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daewon Han
- Department of Cell Biology, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Myunggok Medical Research Institute, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Deokryong Kim
- Department of Cell Biology, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Haeil Kim
- Department of Cell Biology, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeonga Lee
- Department of Cell Biology, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungmook Lyu
- Department of Medical Science, Konyang University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Seok Kim
- Myunggok Medical Research Institute, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongdae Shin
- Department of Cell Biology, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Myunggok Medical Research Institute, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Sig Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Kyung Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwan-Woo Park
- Department of Cell Biology, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Myunggok Medical Research Institute, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Ahmed K, Choi HN, Yim JE. The Impact of Taurine on Obesity-Induced Diabetes Mellitus: Mechanisms Underlying Its Effect. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2023; 38:482-492. [PMID: 37846056 PMCID: PMC10613769 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2023.1776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
This review explores the potential benefits of taurine in ameliorating the metabolic disorders of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D), highlighting the factors that bridge these associations. Relevant articles and studies were reviewed to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the relationship between obesity and the development of T2D and the effect of taurine on those conditions. The loss of normal β-cell function and development of T2D are associated with obesity-derived insulin resistance. The occurrence of diabetes has been linked to the low bioavailability of taurine, which plays critical roles in normal β-cell function, anti-oxidation, and anti-inflammation. The relationships among obesity, insulin resistance, β-cell dysfunction, and T2D are complex and intertwined. Taurine may play a role in ameliorating these metabolic disorders through different pathways, but further research is needed to fully understand its effects and potential as a therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kainat Ahmed
- Interdisciplinary Program in Senior Human Ecology, Changwon National University, Changwon, Korea
| | - Ha-Neul Choi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Changwon National University, Changwon, Korea
| | - Jung-Eun Yim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Senior Human Ecology, Changwon National University, Changwon, Korea
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Changwon National University, Changwon, Korea
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3
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Chen M, Bai F, Song T, Niu X, Wang X, Wang K, Ye J. Hepatic Transcriptome Analysis Provides New Insight into the Lipid-Reducing Effect of Dietary Taurine in High-Fat Fed Groupers ( Epinephelus coioides). Metabolites 2022; 12:670. [PMID: 35888794 PMCID: PMC9318954 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12070670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A transcriptome analysis was conducted to provide the first detailed overview of dietary taurine intervention on liver lipid accumulation caused by high-fat in groupers. After an eight-week feeding, the fish fed 15% fat diet (High-fat diet) had higher liver lipid contents vs. fish fed 10% fat diet (Control diet). 15% fat diet with 1% taurine (Taurine diet) improved weight gain and feed utilization, and decreased hepatosomatic index and liver lipid contents vs. the High-fat diet. In the comparison of the Control vs. High-fat groups, a total of 160 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, of which up- and down-regulated genes were 72 and 88, respectively. There were 49 identified DEGs with 26 and 23 of up- and down-regulated in the comparison to High-fat vs. Taurine. Several key genes, such as cysteine dioxygenase (CDO1), ADP-ribosylation factor 1/2 (ARF1_2), sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha (ATP1A), carnitine/acylcarnitine translocase (CACT), and calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CAMK) were obtained by enrichment for the above DEGs. These genes were enriched in taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, bile secretion, insulin secretion, phospholipase D signaling pathway, and thermogenesis pathways, respectively. The present study will also provide a new insight into the nutritional physiological function of taurine in farmed fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingfan Chen
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; (M.C.); (F.B.); (T.S.); (X.N.); (K.W.)
| | - Fakai Bai
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; (M.C.); (F.B.); (T.S.); (X.N.); (K.W.)
| | - Tao Song
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; (M.C.); (F.B.); (T.S.); (X.N.); (K.W.)
| | - Xingjian Niu
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; (M.C.); (F.B.); (T.S.); (X.N.); (K.W.)
| | - Xuexi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China or
| | - Kun Wang
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; (M.C.); (F.B.); (T.S.); (X.N.); (K.W.)
| | - Jidan Ye
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; (M.C.); (F.B.); (T.S.); (X.N.); (K.W.)
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4
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Effect of Taurine on the Regulation of Glucose Uptake in the Skeletal Muscle. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1370:305-309. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-93337-1_29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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5
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da Silva Junior JA, Ribeiro RA. Potential Binding Sites for Taurine on the Insulin Receptor: A Molecular Docking Study. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1370:257-266. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-93337-1_25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Dietary Protein Modulates the Efficacy of Taurine Supplementation on Adaptive Islet Function and Morphology in Obesity. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1370:267-278. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-93337-1_26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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The effects of taurine supplementation on obesity, blood pressure and lipid profile: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 885:173533. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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8
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Li J, Zheng L, Wang X, Yao K, Shi L, Sun X, Yang G, Jiang L, Zhang C, Wang Y, Jiang L, Liu X. Taurine protects INS-1 cells from apoptosis induced by Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate via reducing oxidative stress and autophagy. Toxicol Mech Methods 2019; 29:445-456. [DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2019.1588931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, College of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Liangliang Zheng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, College of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, College of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Kun Yao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Limin Shi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, College of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Xiance Sun
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, PR China
- Natural Products Engineering Technology Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, College of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Lijie Jiang
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Afliated Zhong Shan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Cong Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, College of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Hospital of Chaoyang, Chaoyang, China
| | - Liping Jiang
- Natural Products Engineering Technology Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, PR China
- Preventive Medicine Laboratory College of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Xiaofang Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, College of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, PR China
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Pandya K, Lau-Cam CA. Taurine Improves the Actions of Metformin and Lovastatin on Plasma Markers of Carbohydrate and Lipid Dysfunction of Diabetic Rats. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1155:87-99. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-8023-5_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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10
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Pandya K, Clark GJ, Lau-Cam CA. Investigation of the Role of a Supplementation with Taurine on the Effects of Hypoglycemic-Hypotensive Therapy Against Diabetes-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 975 Pt 1:371-400. [PMID: 28849470 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-024-1079-2_32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
This study has examined the role of supplementing a treatment of diabetic rats with captopril (CAP), metformin (MET) or CAP-MET with the antioxidant amino acid taurine (TAU) on biochemical indices of diabetes-induced metabolic changes, oxidative stress and nephropathy. To this end, groups of 6 male Sprague-Dawley rats (250-375 g) were made diabetic with a single, 60 mg/kg, intraperitoneal dose of streptozotocin (STZ) in 10 mM citrate buffer pH 4.5 and, after 14 days, treated daily for up to 42 days with either a single oral dose of CAP (0.15 mM/kg), MET (2.4 mM/kg) or TAU (2.4 mM/kg), or with a binary or tertiary combination of these agents. Rats receiving only 10 mM citrate buffer pH 4.5 or only STZ served as negative and positive controls, respectively. All rats were sacrificed by decapitation on day 57 and their blood and kidneys collected. In addition, a 24 h urine sample was collected starting on day 56. Compared to normal rats, untreated diabetic ones exhibited frank hyperglycemia (+313%), hypoinsulinemia (-76%) and elevation of the glycated hemoglobin value (HbA1c, +207%). Also they showed increased plasma levels of Na+ (+35%), K+ (+56%), creatinine (+232%), urea nitrogen (+158%), total protein (-53%) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1, 12.4-fold) values. These changes were accompanied by increases in the renal levels of malondialdehyde (MDA, +42%), by decreases in the renal glutathione redox state (-71%), and activities of catalase (-70%), glutathione peroxidase (-71%) and superoxide dismutase (-85%), and by moderate decreases of the urine Na+ (-33%) and K+ (-39%) values. Following monotherapy, MET generally showed a greater attenuating effect than CAP or TAU on the changes in circulating glucose, insulin and HbA1c levels, urine total protein, and renal SOD activity; and CAP appeared more potent than TAU and MET, in that order, in antagonizing the changes in plasma creatinine and urea nitrogen levels. On the other hand, TAU generally provided a greater protection against changes in glutathione redox state and in CAT and GPx activities, with other actions falling in potency between those of CAP and MET. Adding TAU to a treatment with CAP, but not to one with MET, led to an increase in protective action relative to a treatment with drug alone. On the other hand, the actions of CAP-MET, which were about equipotent with those of MET, became enhanced in the presence of TAU, particularly against the changes of the glutathione redox state and activities of antioxidant enzymes. In short, the present results suggest that the addition of TAU to a treatment of diabetes with CAP or CAP-MET, and sometimes to one with MET, will lead to a gain in protective potency against changes in indices of glucose metabolism and of renal functional impairment and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kashyap Pandya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Jamaica, NY, 11439, USA
| | - George J Clark
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Jamaica, NY, 11439, USA
| | - Cesar A Lau-Cam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Jamaica, NY, 11439, USA.
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11
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Clark GJ, Pandya K, Lau-Cam CA. The Effect of Metformin and Taurine, Alone and in Combination, on the Oxidative Stress Caused by Diabetes in the Rat Brain. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 975 Pt 1:353-369. [PMID: 28849469 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-024-1079-2_31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This study has compared the effects of metformin (MET) and taurine (TAU), singly and in combination, on the oxidative stress caused by diabetes in the rat brain. For this purpose, male Sprague-Dawley rats, 200-225 g in weight, assigned to groups of 6, were intraperitoneally (i.p.) treated with the diabetogen streptozotocin (STZ, 60 mg/kg, in citrate buffer pH 4.5) on day 1 and, after 14 days, orally (p.o.) with either MET, TAU or MET-TAU (each at 2.4 mM/kg, in water). Control rats received only citrate buffer pH 4.5 (2 mL) or only STZ on day 1 by the i.p. route. All the animals were sacrificed by decapitation on day 57 and their brains collected by the freeze clamp technique. Blood samples were placed in heparinized tubes and used for the assay of the plasma glucose (GLC) and blood insulin (INS) levels. Immediately thereafter, the brains were surgically removed and a portion was used to prepare a homogenate in 0.1 M PBS pH 7.4, which was used for the assay of indices of oxidative stress. Diabetes raised the plasma GLC level (+313%) but lowered that of the blood INS (-76%) compared to corresponding values from nondiabetic rats. In addition it raised the brain malondialdehyde level (+59%) but lowered the reduced/disulfide glutathione ratio (-46%), and activities of catalase (-43%), glutathione peroxidase (-48%), superoxide dismutase (-65%), glutathione reductase (-50%) and glutathione S-transferase (-51%) significantly (all at p < 0.001). Except for the greater decrease in GLC (+90% vs. +22%) and increase in INS (-26% vs. -52%) levels seen in rats receiving MET than in rats receiving TAU, these compounds protected the brain against oxidative stress to significant (p ≤ 0.05%) and rather similar extents. Furthermore, the concurrent administration of MET and TAU to the diabetic rats led to brain values of indices of oxidative stress that were lower than those attained with MET alone, although generally not to a statistically significant degree.
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Affiliation(s)
- George J Clark
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Jamaica, NY, 11439, USA
| | - Kashyap Pandya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Jamaica, NY, 11439, USA
| | - Cesar A Lau-Cam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Jamaica, NY, 11439, USA.
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12
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Ribeiro RA, Bonfleur ML, Batista TM, Borck PC, Carneiro EM. Regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism by the pancreatic and extra-pancreatic actions of taurine. Amino Acids 2018; 50:1511-1524. [PMID: 30206707 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-018-2650-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The beneficial actions of L-taurine (Tau) against glucose intolerance, obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D), and non-alcoholic fat liver disease (NAFLD) have been linked to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, which ameliorate tissue insulin sensitivity. Importantly, there are several lines of evidence that indicate a direct action of Tau on the endocrine pancreas to regulate the secretion and paracrine actions of insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin. Furthermore, Tau can also ameliorate glucose metabolism through the enhancement of insulin signaling. However, some of the benefits of Tau upon intermediary metabolism may manifest via considerable antagonism of the action of insulin. Therefore, this review discusses the mechanisms of action by which Tau may regulate endocrine pancreatic morphofunction, and glucose and lipid homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosane A Ribeiro
- NUPEM, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Campus UFRJ-Macaé, Avenida São José do Barreto, 764, Macaé, RJ, CEP: 27965-045, Brazil.
| | - Maria L Bonfleur
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná (UNIOESTE), Cascavel, PR, Brazil
| | - Thiago M Batista
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Patricia C Borck
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Everardo M Carneiro
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Paulucio D, Terra A, Santos CG, Cagy M, Velasques B, Ribeiro P, da Costa BM, Gongora M, Alvarenga R, Alonso L, Pompeu FAMS. Acute effect of Ethanol and Taurine on frontal cortex absolute beta power before and after exercise. PLoS One 2018. [PMID: 29538445 PMCID: PMC5851630 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ethanol (ET) is a substance that modulates the Central Nervous System (CNS). Frequently, ET intake occurs combined with energy drinks, which contain taurine (TA), an important amino acid found in the body (i.e brain and muscles). Although TA administration has been used in the improvement of physical performance, the impact of TA, ET and exercise remains unknown. This study aimed to analyze the acute effect of 6g of Taurine (TA), 0.6 mL∙kg-1 of Ethanol (ET), and Taurine combined with Ethanol (TA+ET) ingestion on the electrocortical activity before and after a moderate intensity exercise in 9 subjects, 5 women (counterbalanced experimental design). In each of the 4 treatments (Placebo—PL, TA, ET and TA+ET), electroencephalography (EEG) tests were conducted in order to analyze changes in absolute beta power (ABP) in the frontal lobe in 3 moments: baseline (before ingestion), peak (before exercise) and post-exercise. In the PL treatment, the frontal areas showed decrease in ABP after exercise. However, in the ET+TA treatment, ABP values were greater after exercise, except for Fp1. The ET treatment had no effect on the Superior Frontal Gyrus area (F3, Fz and F4) and ABP decreased after exercise in Fp1 and Fp2. In the TA treatment, ABP increased after exercise, while it decreased at the peak moment in most of the frontal regions, except for Fp1, F3 and Fz. We concluded that after a moderate intensity exercise, a decrease in cortical activity occurs in placebo treatment. Moreover, we found a inhibitory effect of TA on cortical activity before exercise and a increased in cortical activity after exercise. A small ET dose is not enough to alter ABP in all regions of the frontal cortex and, in combination with TA, it showed an increase in the frontal cortex activity at the post-exercise moment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dailson Paulucio
- Biometrics Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Postgraduate in Physical Education, School of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of physiology in soccer, Botafogo de Futebol e Regatas, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Augusto Terra
- Biometrics Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Postgraduate in Physical Education, School of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Caleb G. Santos
- Biometrics Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Army Biology Institute, Brazilian Army, Rua Francisco Manuel, Triagem, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Mauricio Cagy
- Biomedical Engineering Program, COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Bruna Velasques
- Postgraduate in Physical Education, School of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Brain Mapping and Sensory Motor Integration Laboratory, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Pedro Ribeiro
- Biometrics Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Postgraduate in Physical Education, School of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Brain Mapping and Sensory Motor Integration Laboratory, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Bruno M. da Costa
- Biometrics Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Postgraduate in Physical Education, School of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Neuroscience Laboratory of Exercise, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mariana Gongora
- Brain Mapping and Sensory Motor Integration Laboratory, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Renato Alvarenga
- Biometrics Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Postgraduate in Physical Education, School of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luciano Alonso
- Biometrics Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Postgraduate in Physical Education, School of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fernando A. M. S. Pompeu
- Biometrics Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Postgraduate in Physical Education, School of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Piao F, Aadil RM, Suleman R, Li K, Zhang M, Wu P, Shahbaz M, Ahmed Z. Ameliorative effects of taurine against diabetes: a review. Amino Acids 2018; 50:487-502. [PMID: 29492671 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-018-2544-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Diets in rats and humans have shown promising results. Taurine improved glucagon activity, promoted glycemic stability, modified glucose levels, successfully addressed hyperglycemia via advanced glycation end-product control, improved insulin secretion and had a beneficial effect on insulin resistance. Taurine treatment performed well against oxidative stress in brain, increased the secretion of required hormones and protected against neuropathy, retinopathy and nephropathy in diabetes compared with the control. Taurine has been observed to be effective in treatments against diabetic hepatotoxicity, vascular problems and heart injury in diabetes. Taurine was shown to be effective against oxidative stress. The mechanism of action of taurine cannot be explained by one pathway, as it has many effects. Several of the pathways are the advanced glycation end-product pathway, PI3-kinase/AKT pathway and mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. The worldwide threat of diabetes underscores the urgent need for novel therapeutic measures against this disorder. Taurine (2-aminoethane sulfonic acid) is a natural compound that has been studied in diabetes and diabetes-induced complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyuan Piao
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China.
| | - Rana Muhammad Aadil
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faislabad, Pakistan
| | - Raheel Suleman
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science, Beijing, China
| | - Kaixin Li
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Mengren Zhang
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Pingan Wu
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Muhammad Shahbaz
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Muhammad Nawaz Sharif University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Zulfiqar Ahmed
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Environmental and Agricultural Sciences, Islamia University Bahawalpur, Bhawalpur, Pakistan
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Leão VF, Ferreira LLDM, Melo CM, Bonfleur ML, da Silva LL, Carneiro EM, Raimundo JM, Ribeiro RA. Taurine supplementation prevents endothelial dysfunction and attenuates structural changes in aortas from hypothalamic obese rats. Eur J Nutr 2018; 58:551-563. [DOI: 10.1007/s00394-018-1616-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Diet-induced glucose homeostasis dysregulation is enhanced by taurine supplementation in ovariectomized mice. Amino Acids 2017; 50:469-477. [PMID: 29282544 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-017-2533-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Low levels of estrogens are associated with obesity-related comorbidities. Mice with lower levels of estrogens are thereby more sensitive to the effects of a high-fat-diet (HFD) for the development of glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. Studies in vivo have demonstrated that taurine (TAU) supplementation prevents glucose and insulin resistance. Thus, we aimed to investigate the potential beneficial effects of TAU supplementation on glucose homeostasis of mice with low levels of estrogens fed with a HFD. 3-month-old female C57BL/6J mice underwent bilateral ovariectomy (OVX). After 1 week of recovery, mice were divided into 4 groups and either received: a standard chow diet (OVXC), chow diet plus drinking water enriched with 3% of TAU (OVXCT), HFD (OVXH), and HFD plus supplementation of TAU (OVXHT) for 14 weeks. Exposure to the HFD increased adiposity and plasma levels of glucose and insulin. Contrary to our prediction, the addition of TAU enhanced the deleterious effects of the HFD. Glucose and insulin tolerance tests (ipGTT and ipITT) indicated that mice maintained on the HFD + TAU had worse glucose intolerance and insulin resistance that was linked to lower insulin signaling in skeletal muscle and liver. Insulin secretion of isolated pancreatic islets of OVXH mice was higher than OVXC, and the addition of TAU associated with a HFD did not modulate insulin secretion, suggesting a failure of pancreatic β cells of OVXHT mice. These results suggest that despite the beneficial reports of TAU, it should be used cautiously in situations where the levels of estrogens are low.
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Sarkar P, Basak P, Ghosh S, Kundu M, Sil PC. Prophylactic role of taurine and its derivatives against diabetes mellitus and its related complications. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 110:109-121. [PMID: 29050977 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Taurine is a conditionally essential amino acid present in the body in free form. Mammalian taurine is synthesized in the pancreas via the cysteine sulfinic acid pathway. Anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation are two main properties through which it exerts its therapeutic effects. Many studies have shown its excellent therapeutic potential against diabetes mellitus and related complications like diabetic neuropathy, retinopathy, nephropathy, hematological dysfunctions, reproductive dysfunctions, liver and pancreas related complications etc. Not only taurine, a number of its derivatives have also been reported to be important in ameliorating diabetic complications. The present review has been aimed to describe the importance of taurine and its derivatives against diabetic metabolic syndrome and related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poulami Sarkar
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P-1/12, CIT Scheme VII M, Kolkata-700054, India
| | - Priyanka Basak
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P-1/12, CIT Scheme VII M, Kolkata-700054, India
| | - Sumit Ghosh
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P-1/12, CIT Scheme VII M, Kolkata-700054, India
| | - Mousumi Kundu
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P-1/12, CIT Scheme VII M, Kolkata-700054, India
| | - Parames C Sil
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P-1/12, CIT Scheme VII M, Kolkata-700054, India.
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Sousa-Lima I, Park SY, Chung M, Jung HJ, Kang MC, Gaspar JM, Seo JA, Macedo MP, Park KS, Mantzoros C, Lee SH, Kim YB. Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM), an organosulfur compound, is effective against obesity-induced metabolic disorders in mice. Metabolism 2016; 65:1508-21. [PMID: 27621186 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2016.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM), an organosulfur compound, has been used as a dietary supplement that can improve various metabolic diseases. However, the effect of MSM on obesity-linked metabolic disorders remains unclear. The goal of the current study is to determine whether MSM has beneficial effects on glucose and lipid homeostasis in obesity-associated pathophysiologic states. High-fat diet-induced obese (DIO) and genetically obese diabetic db/db mice treated with MSM (1%-5% v/v, by drinking water) were studied. Metabolic parameters involved in glucose and lipid metabolism were determined. Treatment of DIO mice with MSM leads to a significant decrease in blood glucose levels. DIO mice treated with MSM are hypersensitive to insulin, as evidenced by decreased serum insulin and an increase in the area above the curve during an ITT. Concurrently, MSM reduces hepatic triglyceride and cholesterol contents in DIO mice. These effects are accompanied by reductions in gene expression of key molecules involved in lipogenesis and inflammation. FACS analysis reveals that MSM markedly increases the frequency of B cells and decreases the frequency of myeloid cells in peripheral blood and in bone marrow. Moreover, overnutrition-induced changes of femur microarchitecture are restored by MSM. In db/db mice, a marked impairment in glucose and lipid metabolic profiles is notably ameliorated when MSM is supplemented. These data suggest that MSM has beneficial effects on multiple metabolic dysfunctions, including hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, and inflammation. Thus, MSM could be the therapeutic option for the treatment of obesity-related metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes and fatty liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Sousa-Lima
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Centro de Estudos de Doenças Crónicas CEDOC, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Shin-Young Park
- Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michelle Chung
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hyun Ju Jung
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Cheol Kang
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joana M Gaspar
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Centro de Estudos de Doenças Crónicas CEDOC, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ji A Seo
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M Paula Macedo
- Centro de Estudos de Doenças Crónicas CEDOC, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; APDP - Education and Research Center, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Kyong Soo Park
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Christos Mantzoros
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Young-Bum Kim
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University.
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Ostapiv RD, Manko VV. [MITOCHONDRIA RESPIRATION AND OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORILATION OF RAT TISSUES AT TAURINE PER ORAL INJECTION]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 61:104-13. [PMID: 27025051 DOI: 10.15407/fz61.06.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Taurine--sulphur-containing amino acid is a necessary component of mitochondrial matrix, where it maintains pH and is included in mitochondrial transport RNA. But still it is unclear how taurine influences on ATP synthesis and mitochondrial respiration chain components activity. Thus, the aim of the work was to study the effect of long-term per oral taurine injection on mitochondrial respiration intensity in rat tissues: liver, brain, testes and thigh muscle. For this purpose male Wistar rats, that weighted 190-220 g, were divided in three groups, daily during 28 days they were injected drinking water (control group) or taurine solution 40 and 100 mg per kg of body weight (I and II research groups, correspondingly). Respiration intensity was measured polarogrifically with use of Clark electrode at endogenic substrates oxidation (V₁), with exogenic α-ketoglutarate (5 mmol/l) or succinate (1 mmol/l;V₄S) addition, at ADP addition to concentration 200 µmol/l (V₃), and after ADP depletion (V₄ATP). Phosphorylation time, oxidative phosphorilation efficacy (ADP/O), respiratory controls by Lardy (V₃/V₄S) and Chance (V₃/V₄ATP) were calculated. It was found that long term taurine injection increased V₁ in animal brain and liver of both research groups, but it decreased in testes and muscles of I research group. In liver of I research group animals, when both α-ketoglutarate and succinate were oxidated, V₄S, V₃ and V₄ATP were 4-7 times larger than in control. At the same time, Lardy respiratory control increased at succinate oxidation, this may indirectly point on increased coupling between respiration and oxidative phosphorylation. In liver of II research group animals V₄S, V₃ and V₄/ATP when α-ketoglutarate was oxidated were significantly higher than in control. In muscles of I research group V₄S, V₃ and V₄ATP when α-ketoglutarate and succinate was added were lower than in control. In thigh muscle of II research group animals at α-ketoglutarate oxidation V₃ was higher than in control. When succinate was added V₄S and V₄ATP increased in testes mitochondria of both research groups and in brain of I research group. But in II research group animals mitochondria V₄S brain was lower than in control. At the same time, coupling between respiration and oxidative phosphorytation in brain was on control level, in testes of I research group it was lower. In testes of II research group animals at α-ketoglutarate addition increased respiratory controls. Thus, the effect of long term per oral taurine injection on mitochondria respiration intensity is dose-dependent and tissue-specific and, obviously, has different significance and is implemented by different mechanisms.
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20
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Dai B, Zhang YS, Ma ZL, Zheng LH, Li SJ, Dou XH, Gong JS, Miao JF. Influence of dietary taurine and housing density on oviduct function in laying hens. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2016; 16:456-64. [PMID: 26055907 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1400256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Experiments were conducted to study the effects of dietary taurine and housing density on oviduct function in laying hens. Green-shell laying hens were randomly assigned to a free range group and two caged groups, one with low-density and the other with high-density housing. Each group was further divided into control (C) and taurine treatment (T) groups. All hens were fed the same basic diet except that the T groups' diet was supplemented with 0.1% taurine. The experiment lasted 15 d. Survival rates, laying rates, daily feed consumption, and daily weight gain were recorded. Histological changes, inflammatory mediator levels, and oxidation and anti-oxidation levels were determined. The results show that dietary taurine supplementation and reduced housing density significantly attenuated pathophysiological changes in the oviduct. Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) DNA binding activity increased significantly in the high-density housing group compared with the two other housing groups and was reduced by taurine supplementation. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) mRNA expression in the high-density and low-density C and T groups increased significantly. In the free range and low-density groups, dietary taurine significantly reduced the expression of TNF-α mRNA. Supplementation with taurine decreased interferon-γ (IFN-γ) mRNA expression significantly in the low-density groups. Interleukin 4 (IL-4) mRNA expression was significantly higher in caged hens. IL-10 mRNA expression was higher in the high-density C group than in the free range and low-density C groups. Supplementation with taurine decreased IL-10 mRNA expression significantly in the high-density group and increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the free range hens. We conclude that taurine has important protective effects against oviduct damage. Reducing housing density also results in less oxidative stress, less inflammatory cell infiltration, and lower levels of inflammatory mediators in the oviduct. Therefore, both dietary taurine and reduced housing density can ameliorate oviduct injury, enhance oviduct health, and promote egg production in laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Dai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Bureau of Dongyang, Dongyang 322100, China; Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou 225125, China
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21
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Chen W, Guo J, Zhang Y, Zhang J. The beneficial effects of taurine in preventing metabolic syndrome. Food Funct 2016; 7:1849-63. [DOI: 10.1039/c5fo01295c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A review of the data fromin vitro, animal and limited human studies of the beneficial effects of taurine on obesity, dyslipidaemia, diabetes mellitus and hypertension, as well as the possible metabolic and molecular mechanisms for the prevention of metabolic syndrome by taurine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Foods
- Beijing Union University
- Beijing 100191
- P.R. China
| | - Junxia Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Foods
- Beijing Union University
- Beijing 100191
- P.R. China
| | - Yanzhen Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Foods
- Beijing Union University
- Beijing 100191
- P.R. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Foods
- Beijing Union University
- Beijing 100191
- P.R. China
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22
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Taurine supplementation regulates Iκ-Bα protein expression in adipose tissue and serum IL-4 and TNF-α concentrations in MSG obesity. Eur J Nutr 2015; 56:705-713. [DOI: 10.1007/s00394-015-1114-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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23
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Clayton ZE, Vickers MH, Bernal A, Yap C, Sloboda DM. Early Life Exposure to Fructose Alters Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Hepatic Gene Expression and Leads to Sex-Dependent Changes in Lipid Metabolism in Rat Offspring. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0141962. [PMID: 26562417 PMCID: PMC4643022 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim Fructose consumption is associated with altered hepatic function and metabolic compromise and not surprisingly has become a focus for perinatal studies. We have previously shown that maternal fructose intake results in sex specific changes in fetal, placental and neonatal outcomes. In this follow-up study we investigated effects on maternal, fetal and neonatal hepatic fatty acid metabolism and immune modulation. Methods Pregnant rats were randomised to either control (CON) or high-fructose (FR) diets. Fructose was given in solution and comprised 20% of total caloric intake. Blood and liver samples were collected at embryonic day 21 (E21) and postnatal day (P)10. Maternal liver samples were also collected at E21 and P10. Liver triglyceride and glycogen content was measured with standard assays. Hepatic gene expression was measured with qPCR. Results Maternal fructose intake during pregnancy resulted in maternal hepatic ER stress, hepatocellular injury and increased levels of genes that favour lipogenesis. These changes were associated with a reduction in the NLRP3 inflammasome. Fetuses of mothers fed a high fructose diet displayed increased hepatic fructose transporter and reduced fructokinase mRNA levels and by 10 days of postnatal age, also have hepatic ER stress, and elevated IL1β mRNA levels. At P10, FR neonates demonstrated increased hepatic triglyceride content and particularly in males, associated changes in the expression of genes regulating beta oxidation and the NLRP3 inflammasome. Further, prenatal fructose results in sex-dependant changes in levels of key clock genes. Conclusions Maternal fructose intake results in age and sex-specific alterations in maternal fetal and neonatal free fatty acid metabolism, which may be associated in disruptions in core clock gene machinery. How these changes are associated with hepatic inflammatory processes is still unclear, although suppression of the hepatic inflammasome, as least in mothers and male neonates may point to impaired immune sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe E. Clayton
- Liggins Institute and Gravida: National Centre for Growth and Development, University of Auckland, Aukland, New Zealand
| | - Mark H. Vickers
- Liggins Institute and Gravida: National Centre for Growth and Development, University of Auckland, Aukland, New Zealand
| | - Angelica Bernal
- Liggins Institute and Gravida: National Centre for Growth and Development, University of Auckland, Aukland, New Zealand
| | - Cassandra Yap
- Liggins Institute and Gravida: National Centre for Growth and Development, University of Auckland, Aukland, New Zealand
| | - Deborah M. Sloboda
- Departments of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Taurine supplementation regulates pancreatic islet function in response to potentiating agents in leptin-deficient obese mice. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2015; 803:371-85. [PMID: 25833510 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-15126-7_28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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25
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Patel SN, Parikh M, Lau-Cam CA. Impact of light ethanol intake and of taurine, separately and together, on pathways of glucose metabolism in the kidney of diabetic rats. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2015; 803:279-303. [PMID: 25833505 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-15126-7_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanket N Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Jamaica, NY, USA
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26
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Taurine supplementation preserves hypothalamic leptin action in normal and protein-restricted mice fed on a high-fat diet. Amino Acids 2015; 47:2419-35. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-015-2035-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Santos-Silva JC, Ribeiro RA, Vettorazzi JF, Irles E, Rickli S, Borck PC, Porciuncula PM, Quesada I, Nadal A, Boschero AC, Carneiro EM. Taurine supplementation ameliorates glucose homeostasis, prevents insulin and glucagon hypersecretion, and controls β, α, and δ-cell masses in genetic obese mice. Amino Acids 2015; 47:1533-48. [PMID: 25940922 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-015-1988-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Taurine (Tau) regulates β-cell function and glucose homeostasis under normal and diabetic conditions. Here, we assessed the effects of Tau supplementation upon glucose homeostasis and the morphophysiology of endocrine pancreas, in leptin-deficient obese (ob) mice. From weaning until 90-day-old, C57Bl/6 and ob mice received, or not, 5% Tau in drinking water (C, CT, ob and obT). Obese mice were hyperglycemic, glucose intolerant, insulin resistant, and exhibited higher hepatic glucose output. Tau supplementation did not prevent obesity, but ameliorated glucose homeostasis in obT. Islets from ob mice presented a higher glucose-induced intracellular Ca(2+) influx, NAD(P)H production and insulin release. Furthermore, α-cells from ob islets displayed a higher oscillatory Ca(2+) profile at low glucose concentrations, in association with glucagon hypersecretion. In Tau-supplemented ob mice, insulin and glucagon secretion was attenuated, while Ca(2+) influx tended to be normalized in β-cells and Ca(2+) oscillations were increased in α-cells. Tau normalized the inhibitory action of somatostatin (SST) upon insulin release in the obT group. In these islets, expression of the glucagon, GLUT-2 and TRPM5 genes was also restored. Tau also enhanced MafA, Ngn3 and NeuroD mRNA levels in obT islets. Morphometric analysis demonstrated that the hypertrophy of ob islets tends to be normalized by Tau with reductions in islet and β-cell masses, but enhanced δ-cell mass in obT. Our results indicate that Tau improves glucose homeostasis, regulating β-, α-, and δ-cell morphophysiology in ob mice, indicating that Tau may be a potential therapeutic tool for the preservation of endocrine pancreatic function in obesity and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junia C Santos-Silva
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia, e Centro de Pesquisa em Obesidade e Comorbidades, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), C.P. 6109, Campinas, SP, CEP 13083-970, Brazil
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Taurine Supplementation Enhances Insulin Secretion Without Altering Islet Morphology in Non-obese Diabetic Mice. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2015; 803:353-70. [PMID: 25833509 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-15126-7_27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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de Fátima Leão V, Raimundo JM, Ferreira LLDM, Santos-Silva JC, Vettorazzi JF, Bonfleur ML, Carneiro EM, Ribeiro RA. Effects of Paternal Hypothalamic Obesity and Taurine Supplementation on Adiposity and Vascular Reactivity in Rat Offspring. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2015; 803:749-63. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-15126-7_60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Bessho M, Murase-Mishiba Y, Imagawa A, Terasaki J, Hanafusa T. Possible contribution of taurine to distorted glucagon secretion in intra-islet insulin deficiency: a metabolome analysis using a novel α-cell model of insulin-deficient diabetes. PLoS One 2014; 9:e113254. [PMID: 25393115 PMCID: PMC4231115 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycemic instability is a serious problem in patients with insulin-deficient diabetes, and it may be due in part to abnormal endogenous glucagon secretion. However, the intracellular metabolic mechanism(s) involved in the aberrant glucagon response under the condition of insulin deficiency has not yet been elucidated. To investigate the metabolic traits that underlie the distortion of glucagon secretion under insulin deficient conditions, we generated an αTC1-6 cell line with stable knockdown of the insulin receptor (IRKD), i.e., an in vitro α-cell model for insulin-deficient diabetes, which exhibits an abnormal glucagon response to glucose. A comprehensive metabolomic analysis of the IRKD αTC1-6 cells (IRKD cells) revealed some candidate metabolites whose levels differed markedly compared to those in control αTC1-6 cells, but also which could affect the glucagon release in IRKD cells. Of these candidates, taurine was remarkably increased in the IRKD cells and was identified as a stimulator of glucagon in αTC1-6 cells. Taurine also paradoxically exaggerated the glucagon secretion at a high glucose concentration in IRKD cells and islets with IRKD. These results indicate that the metabolic alterations induced by IRKD in α-cells, especially the increase of taurine, may lead to the distorted glucagon response in IRKD cells, suggesting the importance of taurine in the paradoxical glucagon response and the resultant glucose instability in insulin-deficient diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megumi Bessho
- Department of Internal Medicine (I), Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Akihisa Imagawa
- Department of Internal Medicine (I), Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan; Department of Metabolic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jungo Terasaki
- Department of Internal Medicine (I), Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Hanafusa
- Department of Internal Medicine (I), Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan
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Vettorazzi JF, Ribeiro RA, Santos-Silva JC, Borck PC, Batista TM, Nardelli TR, Boschero AC, Carneiro EM. Taurine supplementation increases K(ATP) channel protein content, improving Ca2+ handling and insulin secretion in islets from malnourished mice fed on a high-fat diet. Amino Acids 2014; 46:2123-36. [PMID: 24866813 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-014-1763-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cells are highly sensitive to suboptimal or excess nutrients, as occurs in protein-malnutrition and obesity. Taurine (Tau) improves insulin secretion in response to nutrients and depolarizing agents. Here, we assessed the expression and function of Cav and KATP channels in islets from malnourished mice fed on a high-fat diet (HFD) and supplemented with Tau. Weaned mice received a normal (C) or a low-protein diet (R) for 6 weeks. Half of each group were fed a HFD for 8 weeks without (CH, RH) or with 5% Tau since weaning (CHT, RHT). Isolated islets from R mice showed lower insulin release with glucose and depolarizing stimuli. In CH islets, insulin secretion was increased and this was associated with enhanced KATP inhibition and Cav activity. RH islets secreted less insulin at high K(+) concentration and showed enhanced KATP activity. Tau supplementation normalized K(+)-induced secretion and enhanced glucose-induced Ca(2+) influx in RHT islets. R islets presented lower Ca(2+) influx in response to tolbutamide, and higher protein content and activity of the Kir6.2 subunit of the KATP. Tau increased the protein content of the α1.2 subunit of the Cav channels and the SNARE proteins SNAP-25 and Synt-1 in CHT islets, whereas in RHT, Kir6.2 and Synt-1 proteins were increased. In conclusion, impaired islet function in R islets is related to higher content and activity of the KATP channels. Tau treatment enhanced RHT islet secretory capacity by improving the protein expression and inhibition of the KATP channels and enhancing Synt-1 islet content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean F Vettorazzi
- Laboratório de Pâncreas Endócrino e Metabolismo, Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Takahashi Y, Matsunaga Y, Tamura Y, Urushibata E, Terada S, Hatta H. Post-exercise taurine administration enhances glycogen repletion in tibialis anterior muscle. JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL FITNESS AND SPORTS MEDICINE 2014. [DOI: 10.7600/jpfsm.3.531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Kletke O, Gisselmann G, May A, Hatt H, A. Sergeeva O. Partial agonism of taurine at gamma-containing native and recombinant GABAA receptors. PLoS One 2013; 8:e61733. [PMID: 23637894 PMCID: PMC3640040 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0061733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2012] [Accepted: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Taurine is a semi-essential sulfonic acid found at high concentrations in plasma and mammalian tissues which regulates osmolarity, ion channel activity and glucose homeostasis. The structural requirements of GABAA-receptors (GABAAR) gated by taurine are not yet known. We determined taurine potency and efficacy relative to GABA at different types of recombinant GABAAR occurring in central histaminergic neurons of the mouse hypothalamic tuberomamillary nucleus (TMN) which controls arousal. At binary α1/2β1/3 receptors taurine was as efficient as GABA, whereas incorporation of the γ1/2 subunit reduced taurine efficacy to 60–90% of GABA. The mutation γ2F77I, which abolishes zolpidem potentiation, significantly reduced taurine efficacy at recombinant and native receptors compared to the wild type controls. As taurine was a full- or super- agonist at recombinant αxβ1δ-GABAAR, we generated a chimeric γ2 subunit carrying the δ subunit motif around F77 (MTVFLH). At α1/2β1γ2(MTVFLH) receptors taurine became a super-agonist, similar to δ-containing ternary receptors, but remained a partial agonist at β3-containing receptors. In conclusion, using site-directed mutagenesis we found structural determinants of taurine’s partial agonism at γ-containing GABAA receptors. Our study sheds new light on the β1 subunit conferring the widest range of taurine-efficacies modifying GABAAR function under (patho)physiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olaf Kletke
- Department of Cell Physiology of the Ruhr-University, Bochum, Germany
- Department of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty of Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Andrea May
- Department of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty of Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hanns Hatt
- Department of Cell Physiology of the Ruhr-University, Bochum, Germany
| | - Olga A. Sergeeva
- Department of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty of Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Pandya KG, Budhram R, Clark G, Lau-Cam CA. Comparative Evaluation of Taurine and Thiotaurine as Protectants Against Diabetes-Induced Nephropathy in a Rat Model. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2013; 775:371-94. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-6130-2_29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Taurine Supplementation Restores Insulin Secretion and Reduces ER Stress Markers in Protein-Malnourished Mice. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2013; 776:129-39. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-6093-0_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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36
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Cheong SH, Chang KJ. Antidiabetic effect of taurine in cultured rat skeletal l6 myotubes. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2013; 775:311-20. [PMID: 23392945 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-6130-2_26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid), a sulfur-containing β-amino acid, is found in all animal cells at millimolar concentrations and has been reported to show various health promoting activities including antidiabetic properties. The beneficial effects of taurine in diabetes mellitus have been known. However, the exact mechanism of hypoglycemic action of taurine is not properly defined. In this study, we investigated antidiabetic effect of taurine in the cell culture system using rat skeletal muscle cells. In cultured rat skeletal L6 myotubes, we studied the effect of taurine (0-100 μM) on glucose uptake to plasma membrane from the aspects of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling. Taurine stimulated glucose uptake in a dose-dependent manner by activating AMPK signaling. From these results, it may suggest that taurine show antidiabetic effect by stimulating insulin-independent glucose uptake in rat skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Hee Cheong
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan
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Batista TM, Ribeiro RA, da Silva PMR, Camargo RL, Lollo PCB, Boschero AC, Carneiro EM. Taurine supplementation improves liver glucose control in normal protein and malnourished mice fed a high-fat diet. Mol Nutr Food Res 2012; 57:423-34. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201200345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2012] [Revised: 10/11/2012] [Accepted: 10/23/2012] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thiago M. Batista
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia; Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP); Campinas SP Brazil
| | - Rosane A. Ribeiro
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia; Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP); Campinas SP Brazil
- Núcleo em Ecologia e Desenvolvimento Sócio-Ambiental de Macaé (NUPEM); Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ); Macaé RJ Brazil
| | - Priscilla M. R. da Silva
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia; Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP); Campinas SP Brazil
| | - Rafael L. Camargo
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia; Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP); Campinas SP Brazil
| | - Pablo C. B. Lollo
- Departamento de Alimentos e Nutrição, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos; Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP); Campinas SP Brazil
| | - Antonio C. Boschero
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia; Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP); Campinas SP Brazil
| | - Everardo M. Carneiro
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia; Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP); Campinas SP Brazil
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Taurine supplementation prevents morpho-physiological alterations in high-fat diet mice pancreatic β-cells. Amino Acids 2012; 43:1791-801. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-012-1263-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2011] [Accepted: 02/29/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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39
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Batista TM, Ribeiro RA, Amaral AG, de Oliveira CA, Boschero AC, Carneiro EM. Taurine supplementation restores glucose and carbachol-induced insulin secretion in islets from low-protein diet rats: involvement of Ach-M3R, Synt 1 and SNAP-25 proteins. J Nutr Biochem 2012; 23:306-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2010.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2010] [Revised: 11/21/2010] [Accepted: 12/13/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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40
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Antidepressant effect of taurine in diabetic rats. Amino Acids 2012; 43:1525-33. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-012-1226-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2011] [Accepted: 01/16/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Vickers MH. Developmental programming of the metabolic syndrome - critical windows for intervention. World J Diabetes 2011; 2:137-48. [PMID: 21954418 PMCID: PMC3180526 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v2.i9.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2011] [Revised: 08/15/2011] [Accepted: 08/31/2011] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic disease results from a complex interaction of many factors, including genetic, physiological, behavioral and environmental influences. The recent rate at which these diseases have increased suggests that environmental and behavioral influences, rather than genetic causes, are fuelling the present epidemic. In this context, the developmental origins of health and disease hypothesis has highlighted the link between the periconceptual, fetal and early infant phases of life and the subsequent development of adult obesity and the metabolic syndrome. Although the mechanisms are yet to be fully elucidated, this programming was generally considered an irreversible change in developmental trajectory. Recent work in animal models suggests that developmental programming of metabolic disorders is potentially reversible by nutritional or targeted therapeutic interventions during the period of developmental plasticity. This review will discuss critical windows of developmental plasticity and possible avenues to ameliorate the development of postnatal metabolic disorders following an adverse early life environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark H Vickers
- Mark H Vickers, Liggins Institute and the National Research Centre for Growth and Development, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
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Solon CS, Franci D, Ignacio-Souza LM, Romanatto T, Roman EA, Arruda AP, Morari J, Torsoni AS, Carneiro EM, Velloso LA. Taurine enhances the anorexigenic effects of insulin in the hypothalamus of rats. Amino Acids 2011; 42:2403-10. [PMID: 21818562 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-011-1045-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2011] [Accepted: 07/15/2011] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Taurine is known to modulate a number of metabolic parameters such as insulin secretion and action and blood cholesterol levels. Recent data have suggested that taurine can also reduce body adiposity in C. elegans and in rodents. Since body adiposity is mostly regulated by insulin-responsive hypothalamic neurons involved in the control of feeding and thermogenesis, we hypothesized that some of the activity of taurine in the control of body fat would be exerted through a direct action in the hypothalamus. Here, we show that the intracerebroventricular injection of an acute dose of taurine reduces food intake and locomotor activity, and activates signal transduction through the Akt/FOXO1, JAK2/STAT3 and mTOR/AMPK/ACC signaling pathways. These effects are accompanied by the modulation of expression of NPY. In addition, taurine can enhance the anorexigenic action of insulin. Thus, the aminoacid, taurine, exerts a potent anorexigenic action in the hypothalamus and enhances the effect of insulin on the control of food intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina S Solon
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, University of Campinas, DCM-FCM UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, 13084 970, Brazil
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Taurine prevents fat deposition and ameliorates plasma lipid profile in monosodium glutamate-obese rats. Amino Acids 2010; 41:901-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-010-0789-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2010] [Accepted: 10/14/2010] [Indexed: 09/29/2022]
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Thaeomor A, Wyss JM, Jirakulsomchok D, Roysommuti S. High sugar intake via the renin-angiotensin system blunts the baroreceptor reflex in adult rats that were perinatally depleted of taurine. J Biomed Sci 2010; 17 Suppl 1:S30. [PMID: 20804606 PMCID: PMC2994397 DOI: 10.1186/1423-0127-17-s1-s30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Perinatal taurine depletion leads to several physiological impairments in adult life, in part, due to taurine’s effects on the renin-angiotensin system, a crucial regulator of growth and differentiation during early life. The present study tests the hypothesis that perinatal taurine depletion predisposes adult female rats to impaired baroreceptor control of arterial pressure by altering the renin-angiotensin system. Female Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were fed normal rat chow and from conception to weaning drank 3% beta-alanine in water (taurine depletion, TD) or water alone (Control, C). Female offspring ate a normal rat chow and drank water with (G) or without (W) 5% glucose throughout the experiment. To test the possible role of the renin-angiotensin system, 50% of the rats received captopril (an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, 400 mg/L) from 7 days before parameter measurements until the end of experiment. At 7-8 weeks of age, arterial pressure, heart rate, baroreflex control of heart rate and renal nerve activity were studied in either conscious, freely moving or anesthetized rats. Perinatal taurine depletion did not alter resting mean arterial pressure or heart rate in the adult female offspring that received either high or normal sugar intake. Captopril treatment slightly decreased mean arterial pressure but not heart rate in all groups. Compared to controls, only the TDG rats displayed blunted baroreflex responses. Captopril treatment normalized baroreflex sensitivity in TDG. The present data indicate that in perinatal taurine depleted female rats, the renin-angiotensin system underlines the ability of high sugar intake to blunt baroreceptor responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atcharaporn Thaeomor
- Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
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de Oliveira CAM, Latorraca MQ, de Mello MAR, Carneiro EM. Mechanisms of insulin secretion in malnutrition: modulation by amino acids in rodent models. Amino Acids 2010; 40:1027-34. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-010-0716-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2010] [Accepted: 07/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Taurine supplementation: involvement of cholinergic/phospholipase C and protein kinase A pathways in potentiation of insulin secretion and Ca2+ handling in mouse pancreatic islets. Br J Nutr 2010; 104:1148-55. [PMID: 20591207 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114510001820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Taurine (TAU) supplementation increases insulin secretion in response to high glucose concentrations in rodent islets. This effect is probably due to an increase in Ca2+ handling by the islet cells. Here, we investigated the possible involvement of the cholinergic/phospholipase C (PLC) and protein kinase (PK) A pathways in this process. Adult mice were fed with 2% TAU in drinking water for 30 d. The mice were killed and pancreatic islets isolated by the collagenase method. Islets from TAU-supplemented mice showed higher insulin secretion in the presence of 8.3 mm-glucose, 100 μm-carbachol (Cch) and 1 mm-3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX), respectively. The increase in insulin secretion in response to Cch in TAU islets was accompanied by a higher intracellular Ca2+ mobilisation and PLCβ2 protein expression. The Ca2+ uptake was higher in TAU islets in the presence of 8.3 mm-glucose, but similar when the islets were challenged by glucose plus IBMX. TAU islets also showed an increase in the expression of PKAα protein. This protein may play a role in cation accumulation, since the amount of Ca2+ in these islets was significantly reduced by the PKA inhibitors: N-[2-(p-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl]-5-isoquinoline sulfonamide (H89) and PK inhibitor-(6-22)-amide (PKI). In conclusion, TAU supplementation increases insulin secretion in response to glucose, favouring both influx and internal mobilisation of Ca2+, and these effects seem to involve the activation of both PLC-inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate and cAMP-PKA pathways.
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Protzek AOP, Rafacho A, Viscelli BA, Bosqueiro JR, Cappelli AP, Paula FMM, Boschero AC, Pinheiro EC. Insulin and glucose sensitivity, insulin secretion and beta-cell distribution in endocrine pancreas of the fruit bat Artibeus lituratus. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2010; 157:142-8. [PMID: 20566319 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2010.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2010] [Revised: 05/28/2010] [Accepted: 05/31/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The fruit bat Artibeus lituratus absorbs large amounts of glucose in short periods of time and maintains normoglycemia even after a prolonged starvation period. Based on these data, we aimed to investigate various aspects related with glucose homeostasis analyzing: blood glucose and insulin levels, intraperitoneal glucose and insulin tolerance tests (ipGTT and ipITT), glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (2.8, 5.6 or 8.3 mmol/L glucose) in pancreas fragments, cellular distribution of beta cells, and the amount of pAkt/Akt in the pectoral muscle and liver. Blood glucose levels were higher in fed bats (6.88+/-0.5 mmol/L) than fasted bats (4.0+/-0.8 mmol/L), whereas insulin levels were similar in both conditions. The values of the area-under-the curve obtained from ipGTT were significantly higher when bats received 2 (5.5-fold) or 3g/kg glucose (7.5-fold) b.w compared to control (saline). These bats also exhibited a significant decrease of blood glucose values after insulin administration during the ipITT. Insulin secretion from fragments of pancreas under physiological concentrations of glucose (5.6 or 8.3 mmol/L) was similar but higher than in 2.8 mmol/L glucose 1.8- and 2.0-fold, respectively. These bats showed a marked beta-cell distribution along the pancreas, and the pancreatic beta cells are not exclusively located at the central part of the islet. The insulin-induced Akt phosphorylation was more pronounced in the pectoral muscle, compared to liver. The high sensitivity to glucose and insulin, the proper insulin response to glucose, and the presence of an apparent large beta-cell population could represent benefits for the management of high influx of glucose from a carbohydrate-rich meal, which permits appropriate glucose utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- A O P Protzek
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biological Science, University of Brasília, DF, Brazil.
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