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Kesavan G, Machate A, Hans S, Brand M. Cell-fate plasticity, adhesion and cell sorting complementarily establish a sharp midbrain-hindbrain boundary. Development 2020; 147:dev186882. [PMID: 32439756 DOI: 10.1242/dev.186882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The formation and maintenance of sharp boundaries between groups of cells play a vital role during embryonic development as they serve to compartmentalize cells with similar fates. Some of these boundaries also act as organizers, with the ability to induce specific cell fates and morphogenesis in the surrounding cells. The midbrain-hindbrain boundary (MHB) is such an organizer: it acts as a lineage restriction boundary to prevent the intermingling of cells with different developmental fates. However, the mechanisms underlying the lineage restriction process remain unclear. Here, using novel fluorescent knock-in reporters, live imaging, Cre/lox-mediated lineage tracing, atomic force microscopy-based cell adhesion assays and mutant analysis, we analyze the process of lineage restriction at the MHB and provide mechanistic details. Specifically, we show that lineage restriction occurs by the end of gastrulation, and that the subsequent formation of sharp gene expression boundaries in the developing MHB occur through complementary mechanisms, i.e. cell-fate plasticity and cell sorting. Furthermore, we show that cell sorting at the MHB involves differential adhesion among midbrain and hindbrain cells that is mediated by N-cadherin and Eph-ephrin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gokul Kesavan
- Center for Regenerative Therapies TU Dresden (CRTD), Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 105, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Anja Machate
- Center for Regenerative Therapies TU Dresden (CRTD), Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 105, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Stefan Hans
- Center for Regenerative Therapies TU Dresden (CRTD), Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 105, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Brand
- Center for Regenerative Therapies TU Dresden (CRTD), Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 105, 01307 Dresden, Germany
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Ribeiro ÁCDS, Martins WMBDS, Silva AAD, Gales AC, Rando DGG, Minarini LADR. Exposure to sub-inhibitory ciprofloxacin and nitrofurantoin concentrations increases recA gene expression in uropathogenic Escherichia coli: The role of RecA protein as a drug target. Eur J Pharm Sci 2020; 146:105268. [PMID: 32081832 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Sub-inhibitory concentrations (sub-MIC) of antimicrobial agents can lead to genetic changes in bacteria, modulating the expression of genes related to bacterial stress and leading to drug resistance. Herein we describe the impact of sub-MIC of ciprofloxacin and nitrofurantoin on three uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains. Disk-diffusion assays with different antimicrobial agents were tested to detect phenotype alterations, and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to analyze the expression of ompF and recA genes. Significant reduction on the susceptibility to ciprofloxacin and nitrofurantoin was detected on disk diffusion test. The qRT-PCR results revealed a 1.2-4.7 increase in recA expression in all E. coli studied, while the ompF expression varied. Because RecA was pointed as an important component to the development of drug resistance, molecular docking studies were performed with three experimentally known inhibitors of this enzyme. These studies aimed to understand the inhibitory binding mode of such compounds. The results confirmed the ADP/ATP binding site as a potential site of inhibitor recognition and a binding mode based on π-stacking interactions with Tyr103 and hydrogen bonds with Tyr264. These findings can be useful for guiding the search and design of new antimicrobial agents, mainly concerning the treatment of infections with resistant bacterial strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ághata Cardoso da Silva Ribeiro
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Laboratório Multidisciplinar em Saúde e Meio Ambiente, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Rua São Nicolau, 210 Diadema, SP, Brazil
| | - Willames Marcos Brasileiro da Silva Martins
- Laboratório Alerta, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina/Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, Rua Pedro de Toledo, 781 São Paulom, SP, Brazil
| | - Adilson Aderito da Silva
- Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, Centro de Ciências Sociais e Aplicadas, Rua da Consolação, 930, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Gales
- Laboratório Alerta, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina/Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, Rua Pedro de Toledo, 781 São Paulom, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniela Gonçales Galasse Rando
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Grupo de Pesquisas Químico-Farmacêuticas da UNIFESP, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Rua São Nicolau, 210, Diadema, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciene Andrade da Rocha Minarini
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Laboratório Multidisciplinar em Saúde e Meio Ambiente, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Rua São Nicolau, 210 Diadema, SP, Brazil.
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Abstract
Teleost fish have a remarkable neurogenic and regenerative capacity in the adult throughout the rostrocaudal axis of the brain. The distribution of proliferation zones shows a remarkable conservation, even in distantly related teleost species, suggesting a common teleost ground plan of proliferation zones. There are different progenitor populations in the neurogenic niches-progenitors positive for radial glial markers (dorsal telencephalon, hypothalamus) and progenitors with neuroepithelial-like characteristics (ventral telencephalon, optic tectum, cerebellum). Definition of these progenitors has allowed studying their role in normal growth of the adult brain, but also when challenged following a lesion. From these studies, important roles have emerged for intrinsic mechanisms and extrinsic signals controlling the activation of adult neurogenesis that enable regeneration of the adult brain to occur, opening up new perspectives on rekindling regeneration also in the context of the mammalian brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Ganz
- Institute of Neuroscience, 1254 University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403
| | - Michael Brand
- Biotechnology Center, and DFG-Research Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
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Terriente J, Pujades C. Cell segregation in the vertebrate hindbrain: a matter of boundaries. Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 72:3721-30. [PMID: 26089248 PMCID: PMC11113478 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-015-1953-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Revised: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Segregating cells into compartments during embryonic development is essential for growth and pattern formation. In the developing hindbrain, boundaries separate molecularly, physically and neuroanatomically distinct segments called rhombomeres. After rhombomeric cells have acquired their identity, interhombomeric boundaries restrict cell intermingling between adjacent rhombomeres and act as signaling centers to pattern the surrounding tissue. Several works have stressed the relevance of Eph/ephrin signaling in rhombomeric cell sorting. Recent data have unveiled the role of this pathway in the assembly of actomyosin cables as an important mechanism for keeping cells from different rhombomeres segregated. In this Review, we will provide a short summary of recent evidences gathered in different systems suggesting that physical actomyosin barriers can be a general mechanism for tissue separation. We will discuss current evidences supporting a model where cell-cell signaling pathways, such as Eph/ephrin, govern compartmental cell sorting through modulation of the actomyosin cytoskeleton and cell adhesive properties to prevent cell intermingling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Terriente
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, PRBB, Dr Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Cristina Pujades
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, PRBB, Dr Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.
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Lin YS, Chu CC, Tsui PH, Chang CC. Evaluation of zebrafish brain development using optical coherence tomography. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2013; 6:668-678. [PMID: 22961725 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201200069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2012] [Revised: 06/28/2012] [Accepted: 08/13/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The zebrafish is a well-established model system used to study and understand various human biological processes. The present study used OCT to investigate growth of the adult zebrafish brain. Twenty zebrafish were studied, using their standard lengths as indicators of their age. Zebrafish brain aging was evaluated by analyzing signal attenuation rates and texture features in regions of interest (ROIs). Optical scattering originates from light interaction with biological structures. During development, the zebrafish brain gains cells. Signal attenuation rate, therefore, increases with increasing zebrafish brain age. This study's analyses of texture features could not identify aging in zebrafish brain. These results, therefore, indicated that the OCT signal attenuation rate can indicate zebrafish brain aging, and its analysis provides a more effective means of observing zebrafish brain aging than texture features analysis. Using OCT system could further increase the technique's potential for recognition and monitoring of zebrafish brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Sheng Lin
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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Weber T, Köster R. Genetic tools for multicolor imaging in zebrafish larvae. Methods 2013; 62:279-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2013.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2012] [Revised: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Recent papers on zebrafish and other aquarium fish models. Zebrafish 2008; 3:253-61. [PMID: 18248266 DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2006.3.253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Abstract
How the single-celled egg is transformed through the multicellular embryo into the structurally complex adult remains a significant challenge to developmental biologists today. Historically, fate maps have been used to follow the reorganization of tissue domains through pertinent stages of growth to predict the mechanisms by which the development of form takes place. However, to understand the details of morphogenesis and the causes of errors in its execution, it is essential that we record and reconstruct the precise journeys of all cells and their progeny throughout the course of development. This article presents an overview of the key technologies used in the construction of such dynamic, high-resolution fate maps and highlights their real potential for quantitatively analyzing the physical basis of development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha J. England
- Department of Physiology, Development, and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Richard J. Adams
- Department of Physiology, Development, and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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