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Poirier N, Paquin V, Leclerc S, Lisi V, Marmolejo C, Affia H, Cordeiro P, Théorêt Y, Haddad E, Andelfinger G, Lavallée VP, Duval M, Herblot S. Therapeutic Inducers of Natural Killer cell Killing (ThINKK): preclinical assessment of safety and efficacy in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant settings. J Immunother Cancer 2024; 12:e008435. [PMID: 38754915 PMCID: PMC11097815 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-008435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) remains the standard of care for chemotherapy-refractory leukemia patients, but cure rates are still dismal. To prevent leukemia relapse following HSCT, we aim to improve the early graft-versus-leukemia effect mediated by natural killer (NK) cells. Our approach is based on the adoptive transfer of Therapeutic Inducers of Natural Killer cell Killing (ThINKK). ThINKK are expanded and differentiated from HSC, and exhibit blood plasmacytoid dendritic cell (pDC) features. We previously demonstrated that ThINKK stimulate NK cells and control acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) development in a preclinical mouse model of HSCT for ALL. Here, we assessed the cellular identity of ThINKK and investigated their potential to activate allogeneic T cells. We finally evaluated the effect of immunosuppressive drugs on ThINKK-NK cell interaction. METHODS ThINKK cellular identity was explored using single-cell RNA sequencing and flow cytometry. Their T-cell activating potential was investigated by coculture of allogeneic T cells and antigen-presenting cells in the presence or the absence of ThINKK. A preclinical human-to-mouse xenograft model was used to evaluate the impact of ThINKK injections on graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). Finally, the effect of immunosuppressive drugs on ThINKK-induced NK cell cytotoxicity against ALL cells was tested. RESULTS The large majority of ThINKK shared the key characteristics of canonical blood pDC, including potent type-I interferon (IFN) production following Toll-like receptor stimulation. A minor subset expressed some, although not all, markers of other dendritic cell populations. Importantly, while ThINKK were not killed by allogeneic T or NK cells, they did not increase T cell proliferation induced by antigen-presenting cells nor worsened GvHD in vivo. Finally, tacrolimus, sirolimus or mycophenolate did not decrease ThINKK-induced NK cell activation and cytotoxicity. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that ThINKK are type I IFN producing cells with low T cell activation capacity. Therefore, ThINKK adoptive immunotherapy is not expected to increase the risk of GvHD after allogeneic HSCT. Furthermore, our data predict that the use of tacrolimus, sirolimus or mycophenolate as anti-GvHD prophylaxis regimen will not decrease ThINKK therapeutic efficacy. Collectively, these preclinical data support the testing of ThINKK immunotherapy in a phase I clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Poirier
- Department of Microbiology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Centre de recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Valérie Paquin
- Department of Microbiology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Centre de recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Séverine Leclerc
- Centre de recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Véronique Lisi
- Centre de recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Carolina Marmolejo
- Centre de recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Hicham Affia
- Centre de recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Paulo Cordeiro
- Centre de recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Yves Théorêt
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Elie Haddad
- Centre de recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Gregor Andelfinger
- Centre de recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Vincent Philippe Lavallée
- Centre de recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Michel Duval
- Centre de recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sabine Herblot
- Centre de recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Ulvmoen A, Greiff V, Bechensteen AG, Inngjerdingen M. NKG2A discriminates natural killer cells with a suppressed phenotype in pediatric acute leukemia. J Leukoc Biol 2024; 115:334-343. [PMID: 37738462 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiad112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are important for early tumor immune surveillance. In patients with hematological cancers, NK cells are generally functional deficient and display dysregulations in their receptor repertoires. Acute leukemia is the most common cancer in children, and we here performed a comparative phenotypic profiling of NK cells from B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL) patients to identify aberrant NK cell phenotypes. NK cell phenotypes, maturation, and function were analyzed in matched bone marrow and blood NK cells from BCP-ALL patients at diagnosis, during treatment, and at end of treatment and compared with age-matched pediatric control subjects. Expression of several markers were skewed in patients, but with large interindividual variations. Undertaking a multiparameter approach, we found that high expression levels of NKG2A was the single predominant marker distinguishing NK cells in BCP-ALL patients compared with healthy control subjects. Moreover, naïve CD57-NKG2A NK cells dominated in BCP-ALL patients at diagnosis. Further, we found dysregulated expression of the activating receptor DNAM-1 in resident bone marrow CXCR6+ NK cells. CXCR6+ NK cells lacking DNAM-1 expressed NKG2A and had a tendency for lower degranulation activity. In conclusion, high expression of NKG2A dominates NK cell phenotypes from pediatric BCP-ALL patients, indicating that NKG2A could be targeted in therapies for this patient group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aina Ulvmoen
- Department of Pediatrics, Oslo University Hospital, Sognsvannsveien 20, Oslo 0372, Norway
| | - Victor Greiff
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Sognsvannsveien 20, Oslo 0372, Norway
| | - Anne G Bechensteen
- Department of Pediatrics, Oslo University Hospital, Sognsvannsveien 20, Oslo 0372, Norway
| | - Marit Inngjerdingen
- Department of Pharmacology, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Sognsvannsveien 20, Oslo 0372, Norway
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Ueda H, Neyama H. Fibromyalgia Animal Models Using Intermittent Cold and Psychological Stress. Biomedicines 2023; 12:56. [PMID: 38255163 PMCID: PMC10813244 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic pain condition characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain and other frequent symptoms such as fatigue, sleep disturbance, cognitive impairment, and mood disorder. Based on the view that intermittent stress would be the most probable etiology for FM, intermittent cold- and intermittent psychological stress-induced generalized pain (ICGP and IPGP) models in mice have been developed and validated as FM-like pain models in terms of the patho-physiological and pharmacotherapeutic features that are shared with clinical versions. Both models show long-lasting and generalized pain and female-predominant sex differences after gonadectomy. Like many other neuropathic pain models, ICGP and IPGP were abolished in lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1 (LPAR1) knock-out mice or by LPAR1 antagonist treatments, although deciding the clinical importance of this mechanism depends on waiting for the development of a clinically available LPAR1 antagonist. On the other hand, the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac with morphine did not suppress hyperalgesia in these models, and this is consistent with the clinical findings. Pharmacological studies suggest that the lack of morphine analgesia is associated with opioid tolerance upon the stress-induced release of endorphins and subsequent counterbalance through anti-opioid NMDA receptor mechanisms. Regarding pharmacotherapy, hyperalgesia in both models was suppressed by pregabalin and duloxetine, which have been approved for FM treatment in clinic. Notably, repeated treatments with mirtazapine, an α2 adrenergic receptor antagonist-type antidepressant, and donepezil, a drug for treating Alzheimer's disease, showed potent therapeutic actions in these models. However, the pharmacotherapeutic treatment should be carried out 3 months after stress, which is stated in the FM guideline, and many preclinical studies, such as those analyzing molecular and cellular mechanisms, as well as additional evidence using different animal models, are required. Thus, the ICGP and IPGP models have the potential to help discover and characterize new therapeutic medicines that might be used for the radical treatment of FM, although there are several limitations to be overcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Ueda
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic Innovation, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan;
- Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114201, Taiwan
| | - Hiroyuki Neyama
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic Innovation, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan;
- Multiomics Platform, Center for Cancer Immunotherapy and Immunobiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
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Sandor LF, Ragacs R, Gyori DS. Local Effects of Steroid Hormones within the Bone Microenvironment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17482. [PMID: 38139309 PMCID: PMC10744126 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Steroid hormone production via the adrenal cortex, gonads, and placenta (so-called glandular steroidogenesis) is responsible for the endocrine control of the body's homeostasis and is organized by a feedback regulatory mechanism based on the hypothalamus-pituitary-steroidogenic gland axis. On the other hand, recently discovered extraglandular steroidogenesis occurring locally in different tissues is instead linked to paracrine or autocrine signaling, and it is independent of the control by the hypothalamus and pituitary glands. Bone cells, such as bone-forming osteoblasts, osteoblast-derived osteocytes, and bone-resorbing osteoclasts, respond to steroid hormones produced by both glandular and extraglandular steroidogenesis. Recently, new techniques to identify steroid hormones, as well as synthetic steroids and steroidogenesis inhibitors, have been introduced, which greatly empowered steroid hormone research. Based on recent literature and new advances in the field, here we review the local role of steroid hormones in regulating bone homeostasis and skeletal lesion formation. The novel idea of extraglandular steroidogenesis occurring within the skeletal system raises the possibility of the development of new therapies for the treatment of bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - David S. Gyori
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
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Nowotny HF, Marchant Seiter T, Ju J, Gottschlich A, Schneider H, Zopp S, Vogel F, Tschaidse L, Auer MK, Lottspeich C, Kobold S, Rothenfusser S, Beuschlein F, Reincke M, Braun L, Reisch N. Major immunophenotypic abnormalities in patients with primary adrenal insufficiency of different etiology. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1275828. [PMID: 38045693 PMCID: PMC10690587 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1275828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Patients with primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI) suffer from increased risk of infection, adrenal crises and have a higher mortality rate. Such dismal outcomes have been inferred to immune cell dysregulation because of unphysiological cortisol replacement. As the immune landscape of patients with different types of PAI has not been systematically explored, we set out to immunophenotype PAI patients with different causes of glucocorticoid (GC) deficiency. Methods This cross-sectional single center study includes 28 patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), 27 after bilateral adrenalectomy due to Cushing's syndrome (BADx), 21 with Addison's disease (AD) and 52 healthy controls. All patients with PAI were on a stable GC replacement regimen with a median dose of 25 mg hydrocortisone per day. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from heparinized blood samples. Immune cell subsets were analyzed using multicolor flow cytometry after four-hour stimulation with phorbol myristate acetate and ionomycin. Natural killer (NK-) cell cytotoxicity and clock gene expression were investigated. Results The percentage of T helper cell subsets was downregulated in AD patients (Th1 p = 0.0024, Th2 p = 0.0157, Th17 p < 0.0001) compared to controls. Cytotoxic T cell subsets were reduced in AD (Tc1 p = 0.0075, Tc2 p = 0.0154) and CAH patients (Tc1 p = 0.0055, Tc2 p = 0.0012) compared to controls. NKCC was reduced in all subsets of PAI patients, with smallest changes in CAH. Degranulation marker CD107a expression was upregulated in BADx and AD, not in CAH patients compared to controls (BADx p < 0.0001; AD p = 0.0002). In contrast to NK cell activating receptors, NK cell inhibiting receptor CD94 was upregulated in BADx and AD, but not in CAH patients (p < 0.0001). Although modulation in clock gene expression could be confirmed in our patient subgroups, major interindividual-intergroup dissimilarities were not detected. Discussion In patients with different etiologies of PAI, distinct differences in T and NK cell-phenotypes became apparent despite the use of same GC preparation and dose. Our results highlight unsuspected differences in immune cell composition and function in PAI patients of different causes and suggest disease-specific alterations that might necessitate disease-specific treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna F. Nowotny
- Department of Medicine IV, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Jing Ju
- Department of Medicine IV, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Adrian Gottschlich
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Medicine III, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Holger Schneider
- Department of Medicine IV, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stephanie Zopp
- Department of Medicine IV, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Frederick Vogel
- Department of Medicine IV, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Lea Tschaidse
- Department of Medicine IV, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias K. Auer
- Department of Medicine IV, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Sebastian Kobold
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
- Einheit für Klinische Pharmakologie (EKLiP), Helmholtz Munich, Research Center for Environmental Health (HMGU), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Simon Rothenfusser
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Einheit für Klinische Pharmakologie (EKLiP), Helmholtz Munich, Research Center for Environmental Health (HMGU), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Felix Beuschlein
- Department of Medicine IV, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Klinik für Endokrinologie, Diabetologie und Klinische Ernährung, Universitätsspital Zürich (USZ) und Universität Zürich (UZH), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Reincke
- Department of Medicine IV, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Leah Braun
- Department of Medicine IV, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nicole Reisch
- Department of Medicine IV, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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Lepretre F, Gras D, Chanez P, Duez C. Natural killer cells in the lung: potential role in asthma and virus-induced exacerbation? Eur Respir Rev 2023; 32:230036. [PMID: 37437915 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0036-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disorder whose pathophysiological and immunological mechanisms are not completely understood. Asthma exacerbations are mostly driven by respiratory viral infections and characterised by worsening of symptoms. Despite current therapies, asthma exacerbations can still be life-threatening. Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphoid cells well known for their antiviral activity and are present in the lung as circulating and resident cells. However, their functions in asthma and its exacerbations are still unclear. In this review, we will address NK cell activation and functions, which are particularly relevant for asthma and virus-induced asthma exacerbations. Then, the role of NK cells in the lungs at homeostasis in healthy individuals will be described, as well as their functions during pulmonary viral infections, with an emphasis on those associated with asthma exacerbations. Finally, we will discuss the involvement of NK cells in asthma and virus-induced exacerbations and examine the effect of asthma treatments on NK cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Lepretre
- Aix-Marseille Université, INSERM, INRAE, C2VN, Marseille, France
| | - Delphine Gras
- Aix-Marseille Université, INSERM, INRAE, C2VN, Marseille, France
| | - Pascal Chanez
- Aix-Marseille Université, INSERM, INRAE, C2VN, Marseille, France
- APHM, Hôpital Nord, Clinique des Bronches, de l'allergie et du sommeil, Marseille, France
| | - Catherine Duez
- Aix-Marseille Université, INSERM, INRAE, C2VN, Marseille, France
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Terao T, Kitamura W, Fujii N, Asada N, Kamoi C, Fujiwara K, Kondo K, Matsubara C, Hayashino K, Seike K, Fujiwara H, Ennishi D, Nishimori H, Fujii K, Matsuoka KI, Maeda Y. Negative Prognostic Impact of High-Dose or Long-Term Corticosteroid Use in Patients with Relapsed or Refractory B-Cell Lymphoma Who Received Tisagenlecleucel. Transplant Cell Ther 2023; 29:573.e1-573.e8. [PMID: 37394114 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtct.2023.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
The prognostic impact of corticosteroid therapy in patients receiving tisagenlecleucel (tisa-cel) treatment who are more likely to develop cytokine release syndrome (CRS) remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical impact and lymphocyte kinetics of corticosteroid administration for CRS in 45 patients with relapsed and/or refractory B-cell lymphoma treated with tisa-cel. This was a retrospective evaluation of all consecutive patients diagnosed with relapsed and/or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma with histologic transformation to large B-cell lymphoma, or follicular lymphoma who received commercial-based tisa-cel treatment. The best overall response rate, complete response rate, median progression-free survival (PFS), and median overall survival (OS) were 72.7%, 45.5%, 6.6 months, and 15.3 months, respectively. CRS (predominantly grade 1/2) occurred in 40 patients (88.9%), and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) of all grades occurred in 3 patients (6.7%). No grade ≥3 ICANS occurred. Patients with high-dose (≥524 mg, methylprednisolone equivalent; n = 12) or long-term (≥8 days; n = 9) corticosteroid use had inferior PFS and OS to patients with low-dose or no corticosteroid use (both P < .05). The prognostic impact remained even in 23 patients with stable disease (SD) or progressive disease (PD) before tisa-cel infusion (P = .015). but not in patients with better disease status (P = .71). The timing of corticosteroid initiation did not have a prognostic impact. Multivariate analysis identified high-dose corticosteroid use and long-term corticosteroid use as independent prognostic factors for PFS and OS, respectively, after adjusting for elevated lactate dehydrogenase level before lymphodepletion chemotherapy and disease status (SD or PD). Lymphocyte kinetics analysis demonstrated that after methylprednisolone administration, the proportions of regulatory T cells (Tregs), CD4+ central memory T (TCM) cells, and natural killer (NK) cells were decreased, whereas the proportion of CD4+ effector memory T (TEM) cells was increased. Patients with a higher proportion of Tregs at day 7 had a lower incidence of CRS, but this did not affect prognosis, indicating that early elevation of Tregs may serve as a biomarker for CRS development. Furthermore, patients with higher numbers of CD4+ TCM cells and NK cells at various time points had significantly better PFS and OS, whereas the number of CD4+ TEM cells did not impact prognostic outcomes. This study suggests that high-dose or long-term corticosteroid use attenuates the efficacy of tisa-cel, especially in patients with SD or PD. Additionally, patients with high levels of CD4+ TCM cells and NK cells after tisa-cel infusion had longer PFS and OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiki Terao
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan; Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Wataru Kitamura
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan; Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Nobuharu Fujii
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan; Division of Blood Transfusion, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan.
| | - Noboru Asada
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Chihiro Kamoi
- Division of Blood Transfusion, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kanako Fujiwara
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kaho Kondo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Chisato Matsubara
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kenta Hayashino
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Keisuke Seike
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hideaki Fujiwara
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ennishi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hisakazu Nishimori
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Keiko Fujii
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan; Division of Clinical Laboratory, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Matsuoka
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Maeda
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan; Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
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Kim HW, Wang S, Davies AJ, Oh SB. The therapeutic potential of natural killer cells in neuropathic pain. Trends Neurosci 2023:S0166-2236(23)00133-9. [PMID: 37385878 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2023.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Novel disease-modifying treatments for neuropathic pain are urgently required. The cellular immune response to nerve injury represents a promising target for therapeutic development. Recently, the role of natural killer (NK) cells in both CNS and PNS disease has been the subject of growing interest. In this opinion article, we set out the case for NK cell-based intervention as a promising avenue for development in the management of neuropathic pain. We explore the potential cellular and molecular targets of NK cells in the PNS by contrasting with their reported functional roles in CNS diseases, and we suggest strategies for using the beneficial functions of NK cells and immune-based therapeutics in the context of neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyoung Woo Kim
- Department of Neurobiology and Physiology, School of Dentistry, and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Shuaiwei Wang
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Alexander J Davies
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK.
| | - Seog Bae Oh
- Department of Neurobiology and Physiology, School of Dentistry, and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Suh E, Cho AR, Haam JH, Gil M, Lee YK, Kim YS. Relationship between Serum Cortisol, Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate (DHEAS) Levels, and Natural Killer Cell Activity: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4027. [PMID: 37373720 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12124027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The adrenal steroid hormones, cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), are associated with the immune system in opposite actions. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between cortisol and DHEAS serum concentrations, their ratio (CDR), and natural killer cell activity (NKA). This cross-sectional study included 2275 subjects without current infection or inflammation in the final analyses. NKA was estimated by measuring the amount of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) released by activated natural killer cells; low NKA was defined as IFN-γ level < 500 pg/mL. Cortisol, DHEAS levels, and CDRs were categorized by quartiles in men, premenopausal women, and postmenopausal women. Compared with the lowest quartile as reference, the adjusted odd ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for low NKA of the highest cortisol and CDR group were 1.66 (1.09-2.51) and 1.68 (1.11-2.55) in men, 1.58 (1.07-2.33) and 2.33 (1.58-3.46) in premenopausal women, and 2.23 (1.28-3.87) and 1.85 (1.07-3.21) in postmenopausal women. Only in premenopausal women, the highest DHEAS group showed significantly lower risk of low NKA (OR: 0.51, 95% CI: 0.35-0.76). HPA axis activation indicated as high cortisol level, CDR was significantly associated with low NKA, while high DHEAS levels were inversely associated with low NKA in premenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunkyung Suh
- Chaum Life Center, CHA University, Seoul 06062, Republic of Korea
| | - A-Ra Cho
- Department of Family Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hee Haam
- Department of Family Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam 13496, Republic of Korea
| | - Minchan Gil
- NKMAX Co., Ltd., Seongnam 13605, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Kyong Lee
- Chaum Life Center, CHA University, Seoul 06062, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Sang Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam 13496, Republic of Korea
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Lee CC, You JF, Wang YC, Lan SW, Wei KC, Chen KT, Huang YC, Wu TWE, Huang APH. Gross Total Resection Promotes Subsequent Recovery and Further Enhancement of Impaired Natural Killer Cell Activity in Glioblastoma Patients. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12091144. [PMID: 36138881 PMCID: PMC9496976 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12091144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Highlights Natural killer cell activity is dramatically impaired in patients with glioblastoma. Surgical resection of glioblastoma promotes redistribution of NK cell subsets and increases NK cell activity 30 days after surgery. Gross total resection rather than subtotal resection significantly recovers and further increases the impaired NK cell activity in patients with glioblastoma.
Abstract Glioblastoma is the most common primary malignant brain tumor, and median survival is relatively short despite aggressive standard treatment. Natural killer (NK) cell dysfunction is strongly associated with tumor recurrence and metastasis but is unclear in glioblastoma. NK activity (NKA) represents NK cell-secreted interferon-γ (IFN-γ), which modulates immunity and inhibits cancer progression. This study aimed to analyze NKA in glioblastoma patients to obtain a clearer overview of immunity surveillance. From 2020 to 2021, a total of 20 patients and six healthy controls were recruited. Peripheral blood samples were collected preoperatively and on postoperative days (POD) 3 and 30. Then, NKA was measured using the NK VUE kit. Although NKA decreased on POD3, it recovered and further significantly enhanced on POD30, with a nearly five-fold increase compared to baseline (p = 0.004). Furthermore, the percentage of CD56brightCD16− NK cells decreased significantly on POD3 (p = 0.022) and further recovered on PO30. Subgroup analysis of extent surgical resection further revealed that the recovery of impaired NKA was attributable to gross total resection (GTR) rather than subtotal resection (STR). In conclusion, NKA is significantly impaired in glioblastoma, and GTR has demonstrated superior benefit in improving the suppressed NKA and increased CD56brightCD16− NK subset in glioblastoma patients, which may be associated with subsequent patients’ prognosis. Therefore, the goal of performing GTR for glioblastoma should be achieved when possible since it appears to increase NKA cell immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Chi Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan City 33305, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Fu You
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan City 33305, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chi Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan City 33305, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Wei Lan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan City 33305, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chen Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan City 33305, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital, New Taipei City 236027, Taiwan
| | - Ko-Ting Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan City 33305, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Cheng Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan City 33305, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Wei Erich Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan City 33305, Taiwan
| | - Abel Po-Hao Huang
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei City 10663, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei City 100229, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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11
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Pasman R, Krom BP, Zaat SAJ, Brul S. The Role of the Oral Immune System in Oropharyngeal Candidiasis-Facilitated Invasion and Dissemination of Staphylococcus aureus. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2022; 3:851786. [PMID: 35464779 PMCID: PMC9021398 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2022.851786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus account for most invasive fungal and bacterial bloodstream infections (BSIs), respectively. However, the initial point of invasion responsible for S. aureus BSIs is often unclear. Recently, C. albicans has been proposed to mediate S. aureus invasion of immunocompromised hosts during co-colonization of oral mucosal surfaces. The status of the oral immune system crucially contributes to this process in two distinct ways: firstly, by allowing invasive C. albicans growth during dysfunction of extra-epithelial immunity, and secondly following invasion by some remaining function of intra-epithelial immunity. Immunocompromised individuals at risk of developing invasive oral C. albicans infections could, therefore, also be at risk of contracting concordant S. aureus BSIs. Considering the crucial contribution of both oral immune function and dysfunction, the aim of this review is to provide an overview of relevant aspects of intra and extra-epithelial oral immunity and discuss predominant immune deficiencies expected to facilitate C. albicans induced S. aureus BSIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond Pasman
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbial Food Safety, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Bastiaan P. Krom
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sebastian A. J. Zaat
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Stanley Brul
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbial Food Safety, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Stanley Brul
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12
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Rawat S, Dadhwal V, Mohanty S. Dexamethasone priming enhances stemness and immunomodulatory property of tissue-specific human mesenchymal stem cells. BMC DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 2021; 21:16. [PMID: 34736395 PMCID: PMC8567134 DOI: 10.1186/s12861-021-00246-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hMSCs) represent a promising cell source for cell-based therapy in autoimmune diseases and other degenerative disorders due to their immunosuppressive, anti-inflammatory and regenerative potentials. Belonging to a glucocorticoid family, Dexamethasone (Dex) is a powerful anti-inflammatory compound that is widely used as therapy in autoimmune disease conditions or allogeneic transplantation. However, minimal immunomodulatory effect of hMSCs may limit their therapeutic uses. Moreover, the effect of glucocorticoids on the immunomodulatory molecules or other regenerative properties of tissue-specific hMSCs remains unknown. METHOD Herein, we evaluated the in vitro effect of Dex at various dose concentrations and time intervals, 1000 ng/ml, 2000 ng/ml, 3000 ng/ml and 24 h, 48 h respectively, on the basic characteristics and immunomodulatory properties of Bone marrow derived MSC (BM-MSCs), Adipose tissue derived MSCs (AD-MSCs), Dental Pulp derived MSC (DP-MSCs) and Umbilical cord derived MSCs (UC-MSCs). RESULTS The present study indicated that the concentration of Dex did not ramify the cellular morphology nor showed cytotoxicity as well as conserved the basic characteristics of tissue specific hMSCs including cell proliferation and surface marker profiling. However, quite interestingly it was observed that the stemness markers (Oct-4, Sox-2, Nanog and Klf-4) showed a significant upregulation in DP-MSCs and AD-MSCs followed by UC-MSCs and BM-MSCs. Additionally, immunomodulatory molecules, Prostaglandin E-2 (PGE-2), Indoleamine- 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and Human Leukocyte Antigen-G (HLA-G) were seen to be upregulated in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, there was a differential response of tissue specific hMSCs after pre-conditioning with Dex during mixed lymphocyte reaction, wherein UC-MSCs and DP-MSCs showed enhanced immunosuppression as compared to AD-MSCs and BM-MSCs, thereby proving to be a better candidate for therapeutic applications in immune-related diseases. CONCLUSION Dex preconditioning improved the hMSCs immunomodulatory property and may have reduced the challenge associated with minimal potency and strengthen their therapeutic efficacy. Preconditioning of tissue specific hMSCs with dexamethasone biomanufacturers the enhanced potential hMSCs with better stemness and immunomodulatory properties for future therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonali Rawat
- Stem Cell Facility, All India Institute of Medical Science, New Delhi, India
| | - Vatsla Dadhwal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, All India Institute of Medical Science, New Delhi, India
| | - Sujata Mohanty
- Stem Cell Facility, All India Institute of Medical Science, New Delhi, India.
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13
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Market M, Tennakoon G, Auer RC. Postoperative Natural Killer Cell Dysfunction: The Prime Suspect in the Case of Metastasis Following Curative Cancer Surgery. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111378. [PMID: 34768810 PMCID: PMC8583911 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Surgical resection is the foundation for the curative treatment of solid tumors. However, metastatic recurrence due to the difficulty in eradicating micrometastases remain a feared outcome. Paradoxically, despite the beneficial effects of surgical removal of the primary tumor, the physiological stress resulting from surgical trauma serves to promote cancer recurrence and metastasis. The postoperative environment suppresses critical anti-tumor immune effector cells, including Natural Killer (NK) cells. The literature suggests that NK cells are critical mediators in the formation of metastases immediately following surgery. The following review will highlight the mechanisms that promote the formation of micrometastases by directly or indirectly inducing NK cell suppression following surgery. These include tissue hypoxia, neuroendocrine activation, hypercoagulation, the pro-inflammatory phase, and the anti-inflammatory phase. Perioperative therapeutic strategies designed to prevent or reverse NK cell dysfunction will also be examined for their potential to improve cancer outcomes by preventing surgery-induced metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa Market
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1G 8M5, Canada; (M.M.); (G.T.)
- The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1G 4E3, Canada
| | - Gayashan Tennakoon
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1G 8M5, Canada; (M.M.); (G.T.)
| | - Rebecca C. Auer
- The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1G 4E3, Canada
- Department of General Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4E9, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-613-722-7000
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14
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Chakraborty S, Pramanik J, Mahata B. Revisiting steroidogenesis and its role in immune regulation with the advanced tools and technologies. Genes Immun 2021; 22:125-140. [PMID: 34127827 PMCID: PMC8277576 DOI: 10.1038/s41435-021-00139-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Historically tools and technologies facilitated scientific discoveries. Steroid hormone research is not an exception. Unfortunately, the dramatic advancement of the field faded this research area and flagged it as a solved topic. However, it should have been the opposite. The area should glitter with its strong foundation and attract next-generation scientists. Over the past century, a myriad of new facts on biochemistry, molecular biology, cell biology, physiology and pathology of the steroid hormones was discovered. Several innovations were made and translated into life-saving treatment strategies such as synthetic steroids, and inhibitors of steroidogenesis and steroid signaling. Steroid molecules exhibit their diverse effects on cell metabolism, salt and water balance, development and function of the reproductive system, pregnancy, and immune-cell function. Despite vigorous research, the molecular basis of the immunomodulatory effect of steroids is still mysterious. The recent excitement on local extra-glandular steroidogenesis in regulating inflammation and immunity is revitalizing the topic with a new perspective. Therefore, here we review the role of steroidogenesis in regulating inflammation and immunity, discuss the unresolved questions, and how this area can bring another golden age of steroid hormone research with the development of new tools and technologies and advancement of the scientific methods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jhuma Pramanik
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Bidesh Mahata
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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15
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Ebrahimi Meimand S, Rostam-Abadi Y, Rezaei N. Autism spectrum disorders and natural killer cells: a review on pathogenesis and treatment. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2020; 17:27-35. [PMID: 33191807 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2020.1850273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), as a wide spectrum of neurodevelopmental disorders, is characterized by early-onset impairments in social-communication, repetitive behaviors, and restrictive interests.Areas covered: Although still unknown, there are some pieces of evidence suggesting altered immune function in the etiology of ASD. This review aims to summarize studies linking Natural Killer (NK) cells to ASD by searching through databases like MEDLINE and Scopus up to October 2020. NK cells play important roles in the innate immune system and immune regulation. As parts of the immune system, they interact with the neural system as well. Immune dysregulations such as autoimmunity and improper immune responses to both internal and external stimulations, especially in early developmental stages of the brain, may induce neurodevelopmental disorders. NK cells' dysfunction in children with ASD as well as their parents have been highlighted in many studies.Expert opinion: Changes in the frequency, gene expressions, cytotoxicity features, and receptors of NK cells are reported in children with ASD. Immune therapy for children with ASD with immune abnormality has shown promising results. However, further studies are needed to elucidate the exact role of NK cells in the pathogenesis of ASD providing future treatment options for these children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Ebrahimi Meimand
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yasna Rostam-Abadi
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
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16
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Dynamic Changes of Inhibitory Killer-Immunoglobulin-Like Receptors on NK Cells after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: An Initial Study. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9113502. [PMID: 33138211 PMCID: PMC7692795 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9113502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Killer-immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are critical natural killer (NK) cell regulators. The expression of KIRs is a dynamic process influenced by many factors. Their ligands-HLA(Human Leukocyte Antigen) class I molecules-are expressed on all nucleated cells that keep NK cells under control. In hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), NK cells play an essential role in relapse protection. In the presented pilot study, we characterized the dynamic expression of inhibitory KIRS (iKIRs), which protect cells against untoward lysis, in donors and patients during the first three months after HSCT using flow cytometry. The expression of all iKIRs was highly variable and sometimes correlated with patients' clinical presentation and therapy regiment. Cyclophosphamide (Cy) in the graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) prevention protocol downregulated KIR2DL1 to just 25% of the original donor value, and the FEAM (Fludarabine + Etoposid + Ara-C + Melphalan) conditioning protocol reduced KIR2DL3. In lymphoid neoplasms, there was a slightly increased KIR2DL3 expression compared to myeloid malignancies. Additionally, we showed that the ex vivo activation of NK cells did not alter the level of iKIRs. Our study shows the influence of pre- and post-transplantation protocols on iKIR expression on the surface of NK cells and the importance of monitoring their cell surface.
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17
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Duvall MG, Fuhlbrigge ME, Reilly RB, Walker KH, Kılıç A, Levy BD. Human NK Cell Cytoskeletal Dynamics and Cytotoxicity Are Regulated by LIM Kinase. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 205:801-810. [PMID: 32641387 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
NK cells provide immune surveillance and host protection against viruses and tumors through their cytotoxic effector function. Cytoskeletal rearrangement is necessary for NK cell lytic granule trafficking and immune synapse formation to trigger apoptosis of targeted cells. LIM kinase (LIMK) regulates F-actin remodeling by phosphorylating cofilin to inhibit actin severing and depolymerization. In this study, in human NK cells, the glucocorticoid dexamethasone downregulated LIMK expression, F-actin accumulation at the immune synapse, lytic granule trafficking, and cytotoxicity. In contrast, the specialized proresolving mediator lipoxin A4 promoted NK cell LIMK expression, lytic granule polarization to the immune synapse and cytotoxicity. Using a LIMK inhibitor, we show that LIMK activity is necessary for NK cell cytotoxicity, including lipoxin A4's proresolving actions. Together, our findings identify LIMK as an important control mechanism for NK cell cytoskeletal rearrangement that is differentially regulated by glucocorticoids and specialized proresolving mediators to influence NK cell cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melody G Duvall
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.,Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115; and
| | - Mary E Fuhlbrigge
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Roisin B Reilly
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Katherine H Walker
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Ayşe Kılıç
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Bruce D Levy
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115;
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18
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Regulation of natural killer cell activity by glucocorticoids, serotonin, dopamine, and epinephrine. Cell Mol Immunol 2020; 17:705-711. [PMID: 32503998 PMCID: PMC7331581 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-020-0477-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune system and the nervous system are highly complex organs composed of various different cells that must interact with each other for proper function of the system. This communication can be mediated by soluble factors. The factors released by the nervous system (neurotransmitters) differ from those released by the immune system (cytokines). Nevertheless, the nervous and immune systems can influence each other’s activity because immune cells express neurotransmitter receptors, and neurons express cytokine receptors. Moreover, immune cells can synthesize and release neurotransmitters themselves, thus using neurotransmitter-mediated pathways via autocrine and paracrine mechanisms. Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphocytes that are important for early and effective immune reactions against infections and cancer. Many studies have shown the strong influence of stress and the nervous system on NK cell activity. This phenomenon may be one reason why chronic stress leads to a higher incidence of infections and cancer. Here, we review the effects of neuroendocrine factors on the different activities of NK cells. Understanding the effects of neuroendocrine factors on NK cell activities during physiological and pathophysiological conditions may result in novel therapeutic strategies to enhance NK cell functions against tumors.
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19
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Osterburg AR, Lach L, Panos RJ, Borchers MT. Unique natural killer cell subpopulations are associated with exacerbation risk in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Sci Rep 2020; 10:1238. [PMID: 31988425 PMCID: PMC6985179 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-58326-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is the third leading cause of death worldwide. COPD is frequently punctuated by acute exacerbations that are precipitated primarily by infections, which increase both morbidity and mortality and inflates healthcare costs. Despite the significance of exacerbations, little understanding of immune function in COPD exacerbations exists. Natural killer (NK) cells are important effectors of innate and adaptive immune responses to pathogens and NK cell function is altered in smokers and COPD. Using high-dimensional flow cytometry, we phenotyped peripheral blood NK cells from never smokers, smokers, and COPD patients and employed a non-supervised clustering algorithm to define and detect changes in NK cell populations. We identified greater than 1,000 unique NK cell subpopulations across patient groups and describe 13 altered NK populations in patients who experienced prior exacerbations. Based upon cluster sizes and associated fluorescence data, we generated a logistic regression model to predict patients with a history of exacerbations with high sensitivity and specificity. Moreover, highly enriched NK cell subpopulations implicated in the regression model exhibited enhanced effector functions as defined by in vitro cytotoxicity assays. These novel data reflect the effects of smoking and disease on peripheral blood NK cell phenotypes, provide insight into the potential immune pathophysiology of COPD exacerbations, and indicate that NK cell phenotyping may be a useful and biologically relevant marker to predict COPD exacerbations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R Osterburg
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, USA
| | - Laura Lach
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Cincinnati, VA Hospital, Cincinnati, USA
| | - Ralph J Panos
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, USA.,Department of Veterans Affairs, Cincinnati, VA Hospital, Cincinnati, USA
| | - Michael T Borchers
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, USA. .,Department of Veterans Affairs, Cincinnati, VA Hospital, Cincinnati, USA.
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20
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Di Vito C, Mikulak J, Zaghi E, Pesce S, Marcenaro E, Mavilio D. NK cells to cure cancer. Semin Immunol 2019; 41:101272. [PMID: 31085114 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Natural Killer (NK) cells are innate lymphocytes able to mediate immune-surveillance and clearance of viral infected and tumor-transformed cells. Growing experimental and clinical evidence highlighted a dual role of NK cells either in the control of cancer development/progression or in promoting the onset of immune-suppressant tumor microenvironments. Indeed, several mechanisms of NK cell-mediated tumor escape have been described and these includes cancer-induced aberrant expression of activating and inhibitory receptors (i.e. NK cell immune checkpoints), impairments of NK cell migration to tumor sites and altered NK cell effector-functions. These phenomena highly contribute to tumor progression and metastasis formation. In this review, we discuss the latest insights on those NK cell receptors and related molecules that are currently being implemented in clinics either as possible prognostic factors or therapeutic targets to unleash NK cell anti-tumor effector-functions in vivo. Moreover, we address here the major recent advances in regard to the genetic modification and ex vivo expansion of anti-tumor specific NK cells used in innovative adoptive cellular transfer approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Di Vito
- Unit of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Joanna Mikulak
- Unit of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy; Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine (BioMeTra), University of Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Zaghi
- Unit of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Pesce
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Emanuela Marcenaro
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Domenico Mavilio
- Unit of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy; Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine (BioMeTra), University of Milan, Italy.
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21
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Pradier A, Papaserafeim M, Li N, Rietveld A, Kaestel C, Gruaz L, Vonarburg C, Spirig R, Puga Yung GL, Seebach JD. Small-Molecule Immunosuppressive Drugs and Therapeutic Immunoglobulins Differentially Inhibit NK Cell Effector Functions in vitro. Front Immunol 2019; 10:556. [PMID: 30972058 PMCID: PMC6445861 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Small-molecule immunosuppressive drugs (ISD) prevent graft rejection mainly by inhibiting T lymphocytes. Therapeutic immunoglobulins (IVIg) are used for substitution, antibody-mediated rejection (AbMR) and HLA-sensitized recipients by targeting distinct cell types. Since the effect of ISD and IVIg on natural killer (NK) cells remains somewhat controversial in the current literature, the aim of this comparative study was to investigate healthy donor's human NK cell functions after exposure to ISD and IVIg, and to comprehensively review the current literature. NK cells were incubated overnight with IL2/IL12 and different doses and combinations of ISD and IVIg. Proliferation was evaluated by 3[H]-thymidine incorporation; phenotype, degranulation and interferon gamma (IFNγ) production by flow cytometry and ELISA; direct NK cytotoxicity by standard 51[Cr]-release and non-radioactive DELFIA assays using K562 as stimulator and target cells; porcine endothelial cells coated with human anti-pig antibodies were used as targets in antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) assays. We found that CD69, CD25, CD54, and NKG2D were downregulated by ISD. Proliferation was inhibited by methylprednisolone (MePRD), mycophenolic acid (MPA), and everolimus (EVE). MePRD and MPA reduced degranulation, MPA only of CD56bright NK cells. MePRD and IVIg inhibited direct cytotoxicity and ADCC. Combinations of ISD demonstrated cumulative inhibitory effects. IFNγ production was inhibited by MePRD and ISD combinations, but not by IVIg. In conclusion, IVIg, ISD and combinations thereof differentially inhibit NK cell functions. The most potent drug with an effect on all NK functions was MePRD. The fact that MePRD and IVIg significantly block NK cytotoxicity, especially ADCC, has major implications for AbMR as well as therapeutic strategies targeting cancer and immune cells with monoclonal antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Pradier
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, University Hospitals and Medical Faculty, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Maria Papaserafeim
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, University Hospitals and Medical Faculty, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ning Li
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, University Hospitals and Medical Faculty, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Anke Rietveld
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, University Hospitals and Medical Faculty, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Charlotte Kaestel
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, University Hospitals and Medical Faculty, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Lyssia Gruaz
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, University Hospitals and Medical Faculty, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Gisella L Puga Yung
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, University Hospitals and Medical Faculty, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jörg D Seebach
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, University Hospitals and Medical Faculty, Geneva, Switzerland
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Vacca P, Munari E, Tumino N, Moretta F, Pietra G, Vitale M, Del Zotto G, Mariotti FR, Mingari MC, Moretta L. Human natural killer cells and other innate lymphoid cells in cancer: Friends or foes? Immunol Lett 2018; 201:14-19. [PMID: 30439479 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILC) including NK cells (cytotoxic) and the recently identified "helper" ILC1, ILC2 and ILC3, play an important role in innate defenses against pathogens. Notably, they mirror analogous T cell subsets, regarding the pattern of cytokine produced, while the timing of their intervention is few hours vs days required for T cell-mediated adaptive responses. On the other hand, the effectiveness of ILC in anti-tumor defenses is controversial. The relevance of NK cells in the control of tumor growth and metastasis has been well documented and they have been exploited in the therapy of high risk leukemia in the haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation setting. In contrast, the actual involvement of helper ILCs remains contradictory. Thus, while certain functional capabilities of ILC1 and ILC3 may favor anti-tumor responses, other functions could rather favor tumor growth, neo-angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis. In addition, ILC2, by secreting type-2 cytokines, are thought to induce a prevalent pro-tumorigenic effect. Finally, the function of both NK cells and helper ILCs may be inhibited by the tumor microenvironment, thus adding further complexity to the interplay between ILC and tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Vacca
- Department of Immunology, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Munari
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Pathology, Sacro Cuore Don Calabria, Negrar, VR, Italy
| | - Nicola Tumino
- Department of Immunology, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Moretta
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, 37024, Negrar, VR, Italy
| | - Gabriella Pietra
- UOC Immunologia, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genova, Genoa, Italy; Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES) and Centre of Exellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Massimo Vitale
- UOC Immunologia, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Genny Del Zotto
- Department of Research and Diagnostics, Istituto G. Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Maria Cristina Mingari
- UOC Immunologia, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genova, Genoa, Italy; Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES) and Centre of Exellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Moretta
- Department of Immunology, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy.
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The Role of NK Cells in Pig-to-Human Xenotransplantation. J Immunol Res 2017; 2017:4627384. [PMID: 29410970 PMCID: PMC5749293 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4627384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recruitment of human NK cells to porcine tissues has been demonstrated in pig organs perfused ex vivo with human blood in the early 1990s. Subsequently, the molecular mechanisms leading to adhesion and cytotoxicity in human NK cell-porcine endothelial cell (pEC) interactions have been elucidated in vitro to identify targets for therapeutic interventions. Specific molecular strategies to overcome human anti-pig NK cell responses include (1) blocking of the molecular events leading to recruitment (chemotaxis, adhesion, and transmigration), (2) expression of human MHC class I molecules on pECs that inhibit NK cells, and (3) elimination or blocking of pig ligands for activating human NK receptors. The potential of cell-based strategies including tolerogenic dendritic cells (DC) and regulatory T cells (Treg) and the latest progress using transgenic pigs genetically modified to reduce xenogeneic NK cell responses are discussed. Finally, we present the status of phenotypic and functional characterization of nonhuman primate (NHP) NK cells, essential for studying their role in xenograft rejection using preclinical pig-to-NHP models, and summarize key advances and important perspectives for future research.
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Regulatory effects of dexamethasone on NK and T cell immunity. Inflammopharmacology 2017; 26:1331-1338. [PMID: 29159714 PMCID: PMC6153920 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-017-0418-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) act via the intracellular glucocorticoid receptor (GR), which can regulate the expression of target genes. With regard to the immune system, GCs may affect both innate and adaptive immunity. Our study analyzed the immunoregulatory effects of dexamethasone (Dex) treatment on splenic T, Treg, NK and NKT cells by treating C57Bl6 mice with various doses of Dex. We observed that treatment with Dex decreased the number of NK cells in the spleen and suppressed their activity. In particular, the expression of both Ly49G and NKG2D receptors was decreased by Dex. However, Dex did not affect the population of NKT cells. With regard to splenic T cells, our results show a dose-dependent reduction in CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD44+ and CD8+CD122+ T cells, but a stimulatory effect on CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells by Dex treatment. In addition, treatment with Dex suppressed anti-tumor immune response in a mouse EG7 tumor model. We conclude that Dex may suppress both T- and NK-mediated immunity.
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Morgan DJ, Davis DM. Distinct Effects of Dexamethasone on Human Natural Killer Cell Responses Dependent on Cytokines. Front Immunol 2017; 8:432. [PMID: 28450865 PMCID: PMC5389971 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) have long been known to be immune suppressive and synthetic variants are widely used in the treatment of inflammatory disorders. Here, we report that, while suppressing the initial production of interferon-γ (IFN-γ), the synthetic GC dexamethasone (Dex) enhances the proliferation and survival of natural killer (NK) cells stimulated with interleukin-2 (IL-2) + interleukin-12 (IL-12). Inhibition of mTOR complex 1 by rapamycin revealed the immunosuppressive activity of Dex was independent from the effect of enhancing NK cell proliferation. In the presence of IL-2 + IL-12, Dex also increased the percentage of NK cells that were CD16+ and DNAM1bright, increased the level of expression of CD94 or NKG2A, and improved mitochondrial function of NK cells. Moreover, NK cells treated with cytokines IL-2 and IL-12 + Dex, followed by a 7-day rest, displayed an increased IFN-γ response upon restimulation. Thus, there is a dichotomic effect of GCs on NK cell function dependent on the local cytokine milieu; the NK cell effector response is initially suppressed, but, dependent on the cytokines present, Dex can also augment the proliferation, survival, and reactivity of human NK cells in a secondary recall response.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Morgan
- Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Daniel M Davis
- Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Pazina T, Shemesh A, Brusilovsky M, Porgador A, Campbell KS. Regulation of the Functions of Natural Cytotoxicity Receptors by Interactions with Diverse Ligands and Alterations in Splice Variant Expression. Front Immunol 2017; 8:369. [PMID: 28424697 PMCID: PMC5371597 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The natural cytotoxicity receptor (NCR) family is constituted by NKp46, NKp44, and NKp30 in humans, which are expressed mainly on natural killer (NK) cells and are encoded by the ncr1, ncr2, and ncr3 genes, respectively. NCRs have classically been defined as activating receptors that trigger cytotoxicity and cytokine responses by NK cells upon engaging with ligands on tumor cells. Several new findings, however, have challenged this model and identified alternative mechanisms regulating the function of NCRs. Recent reports indicate that ligand matters, since the interaction of NKp44 with distinct ligands on target cells can either activate or inhibit NK cells. Also, the NCRs have been found to interact with distinct specificities to various heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycans, which are complex polysaccharides found in extracellular matrix or on cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs). The NCRs can engage with HSPGs in trans as a co-ligand on the target cells or in cis on the NK cell surface to regulate receptor–ligand interactions and NK cell activation. A number of splice variants of ncr2 and ncr3 have also been identified, and a predominant expression of certain variants results in inhibitory signaling through NKp44 and NKp30. Several recent studies have found that the selective expression of some of these inhibitory splice variants can significantly influence outcome in the contexts of cancer, infection, and pregnancy. These findings establish that NCR functions are more diverse than originally thought, and better understanding of their splice variant expression profiles and ligand interactions are needed to establish their functional regulation in the context of human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Pazina
- Blood Cell Development and Function Program, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Institute of Experimental Medicine", St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Avishai Shemesh
- Faculty of Health Sciences, The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Michael Brusilovsky
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Angel Porgador
- Faculty of Health Sciences, The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Kerry S Campbell
- Blood Cell Development and Function Program, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Added effects of dexamethasone and mesenchymal stem cells on early Natural Killer cell activation. Transpl Immunol 2016; 37:1-9. [PMID: 27142560 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2016.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Graft rejection and graft-versus-host disease are leading causes of transplant related mortality despite advancements in immunosuppressive therapy. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) offer a promising addition to immunosuppressive drugs (ISD), while NK-cells are increasingly used as effector cells in graft-versus-leukemia. Combined therapy of ISD, NK-cells and/or MSCs is used in clinical practice. Here, we examined the effects of MSCs and selected ISD (tacrolimus, cyclosporin A, mycophenolic acid, dexamethasone) treatment on early NK-cell activation. We assessed STAT4 and STAT5 phosphorylation triggered by IL-12 and IL-2, respectively. Furthermore, we determined IFNγ, perforin production and the expression pattern of selected NK-cell receptors. Of all drugs tested, only dexamethasone inhibited NK-cell STAT4 and STAT5 phosphorylation. All ISD, with the exception of MPA, significantly inhibited IFNγ, and only dexamethasone inhibited upregulation of early activation markers CD69 and CD25 (IL-2 condition only). MSCs inhibited IL-2 induced NK cell STAT5 phosphorylation, IFNγ production and CD69 upregulation, and IL-12 induced IFNγ and perforin production. While MSCs mediated inhibition of CD69 expression was cell contact dependent, inhibition of IFNγ and perforin production, as well as STAT5 phosphorylation was cell-contact independent. Importantly, dexamethasone augmented MSCs mediated inhibition of both IL-12 and IL-2 induced CD69 expression and IFNγ production, as well as IL-2 induced STAT5 phosphorylation. Taken together, these novel insights may help the design of future NK-cell and MSCs based immunotherapy.
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28
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Improved outcome of children transplanted for high-risk leukemia by using a new strategy of cyclosporine-based GVHD prophylaxis. Bone Marrow Transplant 2016; 51:698-704. [DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2015.350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Revised: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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29
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Ambrosini P, Loiacono F, Conte R, Moretta L, Vitale C, Mingari MC. IL-1β inhibits ILC3 while favoring NK-cell maturation of umbilical cord blood CD34+precursors. Eur J Immunol 2015; 45:2061-71. [DOI: 10.1002/eji.201445326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Revised: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Ambrosini
- Dipartimento Medicina Sperimentale (DIMES); Università degli Studi di Genova; Genova Italy
- UO Immunologia; Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino-Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro (AOUSM-IST); Genova Italy
| | - Fabrizio Loiacono
- UO Immunologia; Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino-Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro (AOUSM-IST); Genova Italy
- Istituto Giannina Gaslini; Genova Italy
| | - Romana Conte
- UO Immunologia; Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino-Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro (AOUSM-IST); Genova Italy
| | | | - Chiara Vitale
- Dipartimento Medicina Sperimentale (DIMES); Università degli Studi di Genova; Genova Italy
- UO Immunologia; Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino-Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro (AOUSM-IST); Genova Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Mingari
- Dipartimento Medicina Sperimentale (DIMES); Università degli Studi di Genova; Genova Italy
- UO Immunologia; Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino-Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro (AOUSM-IST); Genova Italy
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30
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Dan S, Wei W, Yichao S, Hongbo C, Shenmin Y, Jiaxiong W, Hong L. Effect of Prednisolone Administration on Patients with Unexplained Recurrent Miscarriage and in Routine Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection: A Meta-Analysis. Am J Reprod Immunol 2015; 74:89-97. [PMID: 25753479 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Song Dan
- Center for Reproduction and Genetics; Suzhou Municipal Hospital; Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Suzhou China
| | - Wang Wei
- Center for Reproduction and Genetics; Suzhou Municipal Hospital; Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Suzhou China
| | - Shi Yichao
- Center for Reproduction and Genetics; Suzhou Municipal Hospital; Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Suzhou China
| | - Cheng Hongbo
- Center for Reproduction and Genetics; Suzhou Municipal Hospital; Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Suzhou China
| | - Yang Shenmin
- Center for Reproduction and Genetics; Suzhou Municipal Hospital; Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Suzhou China
| | - Wang Jiaxiong
- Center for Reproduction and Genetics; Suzhou Municipal Hospital; Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Suzhou China
| | - Li Hong
- Center for Reproduction and Genetics; Suzhou Municipal Hospital; Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Suzhou China
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31
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Shoeib WK, Alsalahy MM, Almahdy MA, Essawy TS, Belal KM. Study of effect of inhaled versus oral corticosteroids on sputum granzyme B in patients with moderate persistent bronchial asthma. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF CHEST DISEASES AND TUBERCULOSIS 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcdt.2014.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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32
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Yakimchuk K, Chen L, Hasni MS, Okret S, Jondal M. The selective impact of transgenically expressed glucocorticoid receptor on T cells. Autoimmunity 2014; 48:117-24. [PMID: 25401790 DOI: 10.3109/08916934.2014.959164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) strongly impact on different T cell subsets inducing generally immunosuppressive effects, whereas much less is known about the effect of GC on natural killer (NK) cells. The aims of this study were to investigate the effects of GC on T cell functions, including T cell-mediated anti-tumor immune response, and on NK cells. We have used lck-GR mice, which overexpress a transgenic rat GR in both T and NK cells. These mice were found to have decreased both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell populations in the periphery. In contrast, both NK and NKT cells were found in normal numbers in lck-GR mice. To identify genes and pathways affected by GR overexpression in our system in T cells, we have compared gene expression profiles in wild-type and lck-GR T cells. Among the genes upregulated in T cells from lck-GR mice, the microarray analysis has identified genes regulating expansion of regulatory T cells. The analysis of genes downregulated in lck-GR mice has identified genes and gene associated with the regulation of immune response. With regard to the effects on T cell functions in lck-GR mice, transgenic expression of GR had a suppressive effect on killer cell activity in vitro. In addition, lck-GR mice showed an increased tumor growth in murine tumor model in vivo, which may be a possible consequence of reduced T cell numbers and activity. We conclude that an increased expression of the GR strongly affects numbers and possibly functions of T cell subsets, but has little effect on NK cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Yakimchuk
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Instutet , Novum, Huddinge , Sweden and
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Huyan T, Li Q, Ye LJ, Yang H, Xue XP, Zhang MJ, Huang QS, Yin DC, Shang P. Inhibition of human natural killer cell functional activity by human aspartyl β-hydroxylase. Int Immunopharmacol 2014; 23:452-9. [PMID: 25281391 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2014.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Revised: 09/13/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are a key component of the innate immune system and play pivotal roles as inflammatory regulators and in tumor surveillance. Human aspartyl β-hydroxylase (HAAH) is a plasma membrane and endoplasmic reticulum protein with hydroxylation activity, which is over-expressed in many malignant neoplasms and can be detected from the sera of tumor patients. HAAH is involved in regulating tumor cell infiltration and metastasis. Escaping from immune surveillance may help tumor cell infiltration and metastasis. However, the effects of HAAH on tumor immune surveillance have not yet been investigated carefully. The present study investigated the potential use of HAAH as an immune regulator of human NK cells. We assessed the effects of recombinant HAAH (r-HAAH) on primary human NK cell morphology, viability, cytotoxicity, apoptosis, receptors expression and cytokine/cytolytic proteins production. Our results demonstrated that r-HAAH negatively affects NK cell activity in a time and dose-dependent manner. It noticeably reduces the viability of the NK cells by increasing apoptosis and necrosis via caspase signaling pathways. Moreover, r-HAAH reduces the NK cell cytotoxicity by inhibiting surface expression of NKG2D, NKp44 and IFN-γ secretion. These findings suggest that one of the ways by which HAAH actively promotes tumor formation and proliferation is by inhibiting NK cell-surveillance activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Huyan
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Space Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 YouyiXilu, Xi'an 710072, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Qi Li
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Space Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 YouyiXilu, Xi'an 710072, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Lin-Jie Ye
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Space Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 YouyiXilu, Xi'an 710072, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Hui Yang
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Space Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 YouyiXilu, Xi'an 710072, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Xiao-Ping Xue
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Space Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 YouyiXilu, Xi'an 710072, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Ming-Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Space Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 YouyiXilu, Xi'an 710072, Shaanxi, PR China; Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 1401 Rockville Pike, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Qing-Sheng Huang
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Space Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 YouyiXilu, Xi'an 710072, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Da-Chuan Yin
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Space Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 YouyiXilu, Xi'an 710072, Shaanxi, PR China.
| | - Peng Shang
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Space Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 YouyiXilu, Xi'an 710072, Shaanxi, PR China
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Brehm C, Huenecke S, Esser R, Kloess S, Quaiser A, Betz S, Zimmermann O, Soerensen J, Passweg JR, Klingebiel T, Schwabe D, Bader P, Koehl U. Interleukin-2-stimulated natural killer cells are less susceptible to mycophenolate mofetil than non-activated NK cells: possible consequences for immunotherapy. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2014; 63:821-33. [PMID: 24806448 PMCID: PMC11028798 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-014-1556-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
In a clinical phase I/II trial, pediatric patients with high-risk malignancies were treated with ex vivo IL-2-stimulated donor natural killer (NK) cells after transplantation with haploidentical stem cells. To evaluate the potential negative effects of the immunosuppressive drug mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) used for immunotherapy, the functionality and signaling of ex vivo NK cells was investigated. Our results show that during NK cell expansion, long-term (9 days) incubation with mycophenolic acid (MPA), the active metabolite of MMF, in therapeutically relevant concentrations led to the severe inhibition of NK cell proliferation. This correlated with a significantly reduced cytokine/chemokine secretion and the inhibited acquisition of surface receptors regarding cytotoxicity (e.g., NKp30, NKp44, NKp46, NKG2D), adhesion/migration (e.g., ICAM-1/CD54, LFA-1/CD11a, CD62L, CXCR3) and activation (e.g., CD25). Moreover, MPA prevented phosphorylation of the central signaling molecules STAT-3/-4/-5, AKT and ERK1/2. In contrast, short-term (24 h) MPA incubation of IL-2-stimulated NK cells had no or only marginal effects on the activated NK cell phenotype, including receptor expression, cytokine/chemokine secretion and intracellular signaling. Further, short-term MPA incubation only moderately affected the highly cytotoxic activity of previously IL-2-stimulated NK cells. In conclusion, while long-term MPA incubation significantly compromised ex vivo NK cell functionality, previously IL-2-activated NK cells seemed to be rather resistant to short-term MPA treatment. This finding supports the use of IL-2-activated NK cells as immunotherapy, especially for patients treated with MMF after haploidentical stem cell transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Brehm
- Clinic for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany,
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Association of immunological cell profiles with specific clinical phenotypes of scleroderma disease. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:148293. [PMID: 24818126 PMCID: PMC4004116 DOI: 10.1155/2014/148293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2014] [Revised: 02/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to search the correlation among immunological profiles and clinical phenotypes of scleroderma in well-characterized groups of scleroderma patients, comparing forty-nine scleroderma patients stratified according to specific clinical phenotypes with forty-nine healthy controls. Five immunological cell subpopulations (B, CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cells, NK, and monocytes) and their respective stages of apoptosis and activation were analyzed by flow cytometry, in samples of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Analyses of results were stratified according to disease stage, time since the diagnosis, and visceral damage (pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary hypertension, and cardiac affliction) and by time of treatment with corticosteroids. An increase in the percentages of monocytes and a decrease in the B cells were mainly related to the disease progression. A general apoptosis decrease was found in all phenotypes studied, except in localized scleroderma. An increase of B and NK cells activation was found in patients diagnosed more than 10 years ago. Specific cell populations like monocytes, NK, and B cells were associated with the type of affected organ. This study shows how, in a heterogeneous disease, proper patient's stratification according to clinical phenotypes allows finding specific cellular profiles. Our data may lead to improvements in the knowledge of prognosis factors and to aid in the analysis of future specific therapies.
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36
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Moretta L, Pietra G, Montaldo E, Vacca P, Pende D, Falco M, Del Zotto G, Locatelli F, Moretta A, Mingari MC. Human NK cells: from surface receptors to the therapy of leukemias and solid tumors. Front Immunol 2014; 5:87. [PMID: 24639677 PMCID: PMC3945935 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural Killer (NK) cells are major effector cells of the innate immunity. The discovery, over two decades ago, of major histocompatibility complex-class I-specific inhibitory NK receptors and subsequently of activating receptors, recognizing ligands expressed by tumor or virus-infected cells, paved the way to our understanding of the mechanisms of selective recognition and killing of tumor cells. Although NK cells can efficiently kill tumor cells of different histotypes in vitro, their activity may be limited in vivo by their inefficient trafficking to tumor lesions and by the inhibition of their function induced by tumor cells themselves and by the tumor microenvironment. On the other hand, the important role of NK cells has been clearly demonstrated in the therapy of high risk leukemias in the haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation setting. NK cells derived from donor HSC kill leukemic cells residual after the conditioning regimen, thus preventing leukemia relapses. In addition, they also kill residual dendritic cells and T lymphocytes, thus preventing both GvH disease and graft rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabriella Pietra
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genova , Genova , Italy ; IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST , Genova , Italy
| | - Elisa Montaldo
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genova , Genova , Italy
| | - Paola Vacca
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genova , Genova , Italy
| | | | | | | | - Franco Locatelli
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù , Rome , Italy ; Università di Pavia , Pavia , Italy
| | - Alessandro Moretta
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genova , Genova , Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Mingari
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genova , Genova , Italy ; IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST , Genova , Italy
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Meehan AC, Mifsud NA, Nguyen THO, Levvey BJ, Snell GI, Kotsimbos TC, Westall GP. Impact of commonly used transplant immunosuppressive drugs on human NK cell function is dependent upon stimulation condition. PLoS One 2013; 8:e60144. [PMID: 23555904 PMCID: PMC3605368 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0060144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2012] [Accepted: 02/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung transplantation is a recognised treatment for patients with end stage pulmonary disease. Transplant recipients receive life-long administration of immunosuppressive drugs that target T cell mediated graft rejection. However little is known of the impact on NK cells, which have the potential to be alloreactive in response to HLA-mismatched ligands on the lung allograft and in doing so, may impact negatively on allograft survival. NK cells from 20 healthy controls were assessed in response to Cyclosporine A, Mycophenolic acid (MPA; active form of Mycophenolate mofetil) and Prednisolone at a range of concentrations. The impact of these clinically used immunosuppressive drugs on cytotoxicity (measured by CD107a expression), IFN-γ production and CFSE proliferation was assessed in response to various stimuli including MHC class-I negative cell lines, IL-2/IL-12 cytokines and PMA/Ionomycin. Treatment with MPA and Prednisolone revealed significantly reduced CD107a expression in response to cell line stimulation. In comparison, addition of MPA and Cyclosporine A displayed reduced CD107a expression and IFN-γ production following PMA/Ionomycin stimulation. Diminished proliferation was observed in response to treatment with each drug. Additional functional inhibitors (LY294002, PD98059, Rottlerin, Rapamycin) were used to elucidate intracellular pathways of NK cell activation in response to stimulation with K562 or PMA-I. CD107a expression was significantly decreased with the addition of PD98059 following K562 stimulation. Similarly, CD107a expression significantly decreased following PMA-I stimulation with the addition of LY294002, PD98059 and Rottlerin. Ten lung transplant patients, not receiving immunosuppressive drugs pre-transplant, were assessed for longitudinal changes post-transplant in relation to the administration of immunosuppressive drugs. Individual patient dynamics revealed different longitudinal patterns of NK cell function post-transplantation. These results provide mechanistic insights into pathways of NK cell activation and show commonly administered transplant immunosuppression agents and clinical rejection/infection events have differential effects on NK cell function that may impact the immune response following lung transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aislin C. Meehan
- Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nicole A. Mifsud
- Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Thi H. O. Nguyen
- Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Bronwyn J. Levvey
- Department of Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Greg I. Snell
- Department of Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tom C. Kotsimbos
- Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Glen P. Westall
- Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- * E-mail:
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Hromadnikova I, Pirkova P, Sedlackova L. Influence of in vitro IL-2 or IL-15 alone or in combination with Hsp-70-derived 14-mer peptide (TKD) on the expression of NK cell activatory and inhibitory receptors. Mediators Inflamm 2013; 2013:405295. [PMID: 23476104 PMCID: PMC3588175 DOI: 10.1155/2013/405295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2012] [Accepted: 01/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
NK cells represent a potential tool for adoptive immunotherapy against tumors. Membrane-bound Hsp70 acts as a tumor-specific marker enhancing NK cell activity. Using flow cytometry the effect of in vitro stimulation with IL-2 or IL-15 alone or in combination with Hsp70-derived 14-mer peptide (TKD) on cell surface expression of NK activatory receptors (CD16, NKG2D, NKG2C, NKp46, NKp44, NKp30, KIR2DL4, DNAM-1, and LAMP1) and NK inhibitory receptors (NKG2A, KIR2DL2/L3, LIR1/ILT-2, and NKR-P1A) in healthy individuals was studied. Results were expressed as the percentage of receptor expressing cells and the amount of receptor expressed by CD3(-)CD56(+) cellular population. CD94, NKG2D, NKp44, NKp30, KIR2DL4, DNAM-1, LAMP1, NKG2A, and NKR-P1A were upregulated after the stimulation with IL-2 or IL-15 alone or in combination with TKD. KIR2DL2/L3 was upregulated only by IL-15 and IL-15/TKD. Concurrently, an increase in a number of NK cells positive for CD94, NKp44, NKp30, KIR2DL4, and LAMP1 was observed. IL-15 and IL-15/TKD caused also cell number rise positive for KIR2DL2/L3 and NKR-P1A. Cell number positive for NKG2C and NKG2A was increased only by IL-2 and IL-2/TKD. The diverse effect of IL-2 or IL-15 w or w/o TKD on cell surface expression was observed in CD16, NKp46, and LIR1/ILT-2.
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MESH Headings
- Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte/metabolism
- Cells, Cultured
- HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins/chemistry
- Humans
- Interleukin-15/pharmacology
- Interleukin-2/pharmacology
- Killer Cells, Natural/drug effects
- Killer Cells, Natural/metabolism
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/drug effects
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/metabolism
- Lysosomal Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily B/metabolism
- NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily C/metabolism
- NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily K/metabolism
- Natural Cytotoxicity Triggering Receptor 1/metabolism
- Natural Cytotoxicity Triggering Receptor 2/metabolism
- Natural Cytotoxicity Triggering Receptor 3/metabolism
- Peptides/chemistry
- Peptides/pharmacology
- Receptors, IgG/metabolism
- Receptors, KIR2DL2
- Receptors, KIR2DL4/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Hromadnikova
- Department of Molecular Biology and Cell Pathology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Ruska 87, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic.
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Maślanka T. Dexamethasone inhibits and meloxicam promotes proliferation of bovine NK cells. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2013; 35:225-34. [PMID: 23369108 DOI: 10.3109/08923973.2013.764504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Due to the unrecognized effect of dexamethasone (DEX) and meloxicam (MEL) on bovine natural killer (NK) cells, studies have been undertaken in order to determine whether the above medications can affect these cells in respect of their counts, apoptosis, proliferation and production of selected cytokines. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were treated with the drugs in concentrations reflecting their plasma levels achieved in vivo at therapeutic doses and in 10-fold lower concentrations. The effect of DEX and MEL on percentages and absolute counts of NK cells was determined 6, 12, 48 and 168 h after the exposure of PBMCs to the drugs. At each time point, it was found out that DEX reduced the absolute count of NK cells, an effect attributed to the proapoptotic and anti-proliferative influence of the drug on these cells. DEX lowered the production of IFN-γ by the analyzed cells and raised the percentage of IL-10-producing cells. Thus, the above effects are important elements contributing to the complex mechanism responsible for the anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties of the drug. MEL neither affects the apoptosis of NK cells nor did it reduce their count. Moreover, one-week exposure to MEL raised the absolute count of these cells, which was the result of their more intense proliferation in the presence of the drug. Thus, the influence of MEL with respect to the proliferation and count of NK cells was immunostimulating. On the other hand, MEL reduced the percentage of IFN-γ-producing NK cells, which in turn is an immunosuppressive effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Maślanka
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland.
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40
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Folli C, Chiappori A, Pellegrini M, Garelli V, Riccio AM, De Ferrari L, Braido F, Canonica GW. COPD treatment: real life and experimental effects on peripheral NK cells, their receptors expression and their IFN-γ secretion. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2012; 25:371-6. [PMID: 22766315 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2012.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2012] [Revised: 06/22/2012] [Accepted: 06/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A role in pulmonary immunity has been ascribed to Natural Killer (NK) cells and several in vitro studies have shown a corticosteroid-induced inhibition of NK cells mediated cytotoxicity. Several clinical trials on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have suggested a relationship between COPD treatment and occurrence of respiratory infections. Aims of our study were to investigate if real life COPD treatment affects peripheral blood NK cells total count and their receptors expression and to assess if different doses of formoterol and budesonide, administered alone or in combination, are able to modulate the surface expression of activating (NKp30, NKp44, NKp46 and NKG2D) and inhibitory (KIR2DL2/L3, KIR3DL1 and NKG2A) receptors on peripheral blood NK cells of COPD patients. Moreover, we evaluated the potential effect of treatment with budesonide and/or formoterol on IFN-γ secretion in vitro. NK cells were isolated from peripheral blood of 7 healthy volunteers, 9 chronic bronchitis (CB) and 11 COPD patients. Total NK cells count and activating and inhibitory receptors expression were evaluated. NK cells were cultured for 20h in 96-well plates with IL-2 (100IU/ml)+IL-12 (2.5ng/ml), with or without budesonide (Bud; 1 and 0.01μM) and formoterol (For; 30 and 0.3nM) alone or in combination. Cells were analyzed by flow cytometry and IFN-γ was measured in cell supernatants by ELISA test. No difference between real life treated COPD, CB and healthy subjects was found concerning NK total count and NK cell receptors expression. When cells were stimulated over night with cytokines and treated with drugs, only NKG2D receptor was modulated. Its expression was significantly downregulated by budesonide alone and in combination with formoterol in COPD patients. IFN-γ production induced by stimulation with IL-2+IL-12 was decreased in a highly significant way (p<0.01) by all treatments in all groups. Even if in vitro experiments with budesonide, alone or in combination with formoterol, showed a modulation of NKG2D receptor expression and IFN-γ production, our ex vivo results show that real life LABA and ICS treatment does not influence peripheral NK cells count and their receptors phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Folli
- Allergy & Respiratory Diseases Clinic, DIMI-University of Genova, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genova, Italy
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41
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Human NK cells at early stages of differentiation produce CXCL8 and express CD161 molecule that functions as an activating receptor. Blood 2012; 119:3987-96. [DOI: 10.1182/blood-2011-09-379693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Human natural killer (NK) cell development is a step-by-step process characterized by phenotypically identified stages. CD161 is a marker informative of the NK cell lineage commitment, whereas CD56, CD117, and CD94/NKG2A contribute to define discrete differentiation stages. In cells undergoing in vitro differentiation from CD34+ umbilical cord blood (UCB) progenitors, LFA-1 expression allowed to discriminate between immature noncytolytic CD161+CD56+LFA-1− and more differentiated cytolytic CD161+CD56+LFA-1+ NK cells. CD161+CD56+LFA-1− NK cells produce large amounts of CXCL8 after phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) or cytokine treatment. Remarkably, CXCL8 mRNA expression was also detected in fresh stage III immature NK cells isolated from tonsils and these cells expressed CXCL8 protein on PMA stimulation. Within in vitro UCB-derived CD161+CD56+LFA-1− NK cells, CXCL8 release was also induced on antibody-mediated cross-linking of NKp44 and CD161. Such unexpected activating function of CD161 was confined to the CD161+CD56+LFA-1− subset, because it did not induce cytokine release or CD107a expression in CD161+CD56+LFA-1+ cells or in mature peripheral blood NK cells. Anti-CXCL8 neutralizing antibody induced a partial inhibition of NK cell differentiation, which suggests a regulatory role of CXCL8 during early NK cell differentiation. Altogether, these data provide novel information that may offer clues to optimize NK cell maturation in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
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42
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Pham B, Piard-Ruster K, Silva R, Gallo A, Esquivel CO, Martinez OM, Krams SM. Changes in natural killer cell subsets in pediatric liver transplant recipients. Pediatr Transplant 2012; 16:176-82. [PMID: 22360401 PMCID: PMC3306774 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3046.2012.01653.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
NK cells are important in the immune response against tumors and virally infected cells. A balance between inhibitory and activating receptors controls the effector functions of NK cells. We examined the fate of circulating NK cells and the expression of the NK cell-activating receptors in pediatric liver transplant recipients. Blood specimens were collected from 38 pediatric liver transplant recipients before transplant, and at one wk, one, three, six, and nine months, and one yr post-transplant. PBMCs were isolated and analyzed for the levels of NK cell activation receptors NKp30, NKp46, and NKG2D in the CD56(dim) CD16(+) and CD56(bright) CD16(+/-) subsets of NK cells. We demonstrated that there is a significant decrease in the percentage of circulating NK cells post-transplant (pretransplant 7.69 ± 1.54 vs. one wk post-transplant 1.73 ± 0.44) in pediatric liver transplant recipients. Interestingly, NKp30 expression is significantly increased, while NKp46 and NKG2D levels remain stable on the NK cells that persist at one wk post-transplant. These data indicate that the numbers and subsets of circulating NK cells are altered in children after liver transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betty Pham
- Division of Abdominal Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5492, USA
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43
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Moustaki A, Argyropoulos KV, Baxevanis CN, Papamichail M, Perez SA. Effect of the simultaneous administration of glucocorticoids and IL-15 on human NK cell phenotype, proliferation and function. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2011; 60:1683-95. [PMID: 21706285 PMCID: PMC11029608 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-011-1067-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2011] [Accepted: 06/15/2011] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
We have previously reported a synergistic effect between hydrocortisone (HC) and IL-15 on promoting natural killer (NK) cell expansion and function. In the present study, we extend our findings to methylprednisolone (MeP) and dexamethasone (Dex), thus ascribing to glucocorticoids (GCs) a general feature as positive regulators of IL-15-mediated effects on NK cells. We demonstrate that each GC when combined with IL-15 in cultures of peripheral blood (PB)-derived CD56(+) cells induces increased expansion of CD56(+)CD3(-) cells displaying high cytolytic activity, IFN-γ production potential and activating receptor expression, including NKp30, NKp44, NKp46, 2B4, NKG2D and DNAM-1. Furthermore, GCs protected NK cells from IL-15-induced cell death. The combination of IL-15 with GCs favored the expansion of a relatively more immature CD16(low/neg) NK cell population, with high expression of NKG2A and CD94, and significantly lower expression of KIR (CD158a and CD158b) and CD57, compared to IL-15 alone. IL-15-expanded NK cells, in the presence or absence of GCs, did not express CD62L, CXCR1 or CCR7. However, the presence of GCs significantly increased the density of CXCR3 and induced strong CXCR4 expression on the surface of NK cells. Our data indicate that IL-15/GC-expanded NK cells, apart from their increased proliferation rate, retain their functional integrity and exhibit a migratory potential rendering them useful for adoptive transfer in NK cell-based cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ardiana Moustaki
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Center, Saint Savas Cancer Hospital, 171 Alexandras Avenue, 11522 Athens, Greece
| | - Kimon V. Argyropoulos
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Center, Saint Savas Cancer Hospital, 171 Alexandras Avenue, 11522 Athens, Greece
| | - Constantin N. Baxevanis
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Center, Saint Savas Cancer Hospital, 171 Alexandras Avenue, 11522 Athens, Greece
| | - Michael Papamichail
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Center, Saint Savas Cancer Hospital, 171 Alexandras Avenue, 11522 Athens, Greece
| | - Sonia A. Perez
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Center, Saint Savas Cancer Hospital, 171 Alexandras Avenue, 11522 Athens, Greece
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44
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Katodritou E, Terpos E, North J, Kottaridis P, Verrou E, Gastari V, Chadjiaggelidou C, Sivakumaran S, Jide-Banwo S, Tsirogianni M, Kapetanos D, Zervas K, Lowdell MW. Tumor-primed natural killer cells from patients with multiple myeloma lyse autologous, NK-resistant, bone marrow-derived malignant plasma cells. Am J Hematol 2011; 86:967-73. [PMID: 21919039 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.22163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2011] [Accepted: 07/29/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are cytotoxic lymphocytes able to kill tumor cells and virus-infected cells. Human-resting NK cells can be activated by co-culture with NK-resistant CTV-1a cells. These tumor-activated cells (TaNKs) are cytotoxic to a range of NK-resistant tumor cells in vitro. This potential, however, has not been explored in multiple myeloma (MM). In this study, we demonstrate that TaNK cells from 21 MM patients lyse a variety of myeloma targets, including primary isolates of autologous and allogeneic CD138+ myeloma cells whilst sparing CD138-ve bone marrow cells. Myeloma patients' TaNK-induced lysis of the U266 cell line was significantly higher compared to normal controls (median-specific lysis 79.1% vs. 69.5%) (P = 0.003). In addition, TaNKs induced substantial lysis of autologous and allogeneic CD138+ myeloma cells (median-specific lysis 52.5% and 37.4%, respectively). The percentage of specific lysis did not correlate with important disease characteristics (ISS, age, and high-risk molecular abnormalities) or with the disease status and antimyeloma treatment, including novel agents and dexamethasone. In conclusion, tumor-primed NK cells are able to induce substantial lysis of myeloma targets including autologous and allogeneic CD138+ myeloma plasma cells and could be an additional therapeutic approach in MM, particularly in the era of novel agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eirini Katodritou
- Department of Hematology, University College Medical School, London, United Kingdom.
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45
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Winger EE, Reed JL, Ashoush S, El-Toukhy T, Ahuja S, Taranissi M. Elevated Preconception CD56+16+ and/or Th1:Th2 Levels Predict Benefit from IVIG Therapy in Subfertile Women Undergoing IVF. Am J Reprod Immunol 2011; 66:394-403. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0897.2011.01018.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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46
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Imahashi N, Inamoto Y, Seto A, Watanabe K, Nishiwaki S, Yanagisawa M, Shinba M, Yasuda T, Kuwatsuka Y, Atsuta Y, Kodera Y, Miyamura K. Impact on relapse of corticosteroid therapy after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for acute myeloid leukemia. Clin Transplant 2011; 24:772-7. [PMID: 19925467 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0012.2009.01158.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Corticosteroids are often used following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) to control complications such as graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). However, there is some concern that corticosteroids may suppress the graft-versus-leukemia effect and increase leukemia relapse. To evaluate the effect of corticosteroids on relapse, we analyzed 112 adult patients who received their first allogeneic HSCT for acute myeloid leukemia at our institution between 1997 and 2007. Fifty-seven patients (50.9%) received corticosteroid therapy. Patients who had corticosteroid therapy included higher proportion of patients who developed GVHD. In multivariate analysis, with corticosteroid administration entered as a time-dependent covariate, corticosteroid administration was not a risk factor for relapse (p = 1.00, hazard ratio [HR] 1.00, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.53-1.88), but it was associated with higher non-relapse mortality (NRM) (p < 0.001, HR 55.5, 95% CI 7.42-416) and lower overall survival (p < 0.001, HR 2.68, 95% CI 1.56-4.61). The higher NRM associated with corticosteroid administration was mainly due to the increased deaths caused by the complications themselves, which required corticosteroid therapy. The findings of this study indicate the importance of controlling complications after allogeneic HSCT. The strategy of refraining from indispensable corticosteroid therapy because of the excessive concerns about relapse should be avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhiko Imahashi
- Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Nagoya First Hospital, Nagoya University, School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
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47
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Salagianni M, Lekka E, Moustaki A, Iliopoulou EG, Baxevanis CN, Papamichail M, Perez SA. NK Cell Adoptive Transfer Combined with Ontak-Mediated Regulatory T Cell Elimination Induces Effective Adaptive Antitumor Immune Responses. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2011; 186:3327-35. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1000652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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48
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Kim HR, Chwae YJ, Kim J. Identification of the amino acid sequence motif for conventional PKC-mediated regulation of NKp46 surface expression. Scand J Immunol 2010; 71:413-9. [PMID: 20500693 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2010.02395.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A number of surface receptors expressed on NK cells are related to the regulation of NK cell activity and characterized by either inhibitory or activating properties. Natural cytotoxicity receptors (NCR) are one major family of activating receptors involved in NK cytotoxicity. The three family members of NCR are NKp46, NKp44, and NKp30. The surface density of these receptors might vary with the activation state of NK cells, and their density may directly correlate with their natural cytotoxicity. In this study, we investigated the regulation of NKp46 expression and determined the amino acid sequence motif for protein kinase C (PKC)-mediated regulation of its surface expression. We produced stable cell lines expressing full-length NKp46 and investigated the change in expression after PMA or IL-2 treatment using flow cytometry, RT-PCR, and immunoblotting methods. Expression of NKp46 on Jurkat T-cell transfectants appeared to be induced by PMA treatment until 8-h post-treatment and then gradually decreased afterwards to levels that were less than those measured at pretreatment. Parallel to surface expression of NKp46, total NKp46 protein expression also appeared to fluctuate after PMA treatment, but the expression of mRNA transcripts was not significantly affected. Experiments with mutant NKp46-expressing stable cell lines demonstrated that Ser288 might be critical for the surface expression of NKp46 and the PKC-mediated regulation of NKp46 expression. However, NKp46 surface expression was not influenced by IL-2 in stable cell lines expressing wild-type and mutant NKp46.
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Affiliation(s)
- H-R Kim
- Department of Microbiology and BK21 Project for the School of Medical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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49
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von Lilienfeld-Toal M, Frank S, Leyendecker C, Feyler S, Jarmin S, Morgan R, Glasmacher A, Märten A, Schmidt-Wolf IGH, Brossart P, Cook G. Reduced immune effector cell NKG2D expression and increased levels of soluble NKG2D ligands in multiple myeloma may not be causally linked. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2010; 59:829-39. [PMID: 20024547 PMCID: PMC11030819 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-009-0807-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2009] [Accepted: 12/04/2009] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is limited understanding of the dysregulation of the innate immune system in multiple myeloma (MM). We analysed the expression of the activating receptor NKG2D on NK cells and T cells of MM patients and investigated the impact of soluble versus membrane-bound NKG2D ligands on the expression of NKG2D. DESIGN NKG2D expression on NK cells and CD8+ alphabeta T cells from patients with MM or monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance and healthy controls was examined flow-cytometrically. Sera from patients and controls were analysed for soluble NKG2D ligands (sNKG2D ligands). RESULTS Significantly fewer NK cells and CD8+ alphabeta T cells from patients expressed NKG2D compared to healthy controls (NK cells: median 54% interquartile range (IQR) 32-68 versus 71% IQR 44-82%, P = 0.017, CD8+ alphabeta T cells: median 63% IQR 52-81 versus 77% IQR 71-90%, P = 0.018). The sNKG2D ligand sMICA was increased in patients [median 175 (IQR 87-295) pg/ml] versus controls [median 80 (IQR 32-129) pg/ml, P < 0.001], but levels of sMICA did not correlate with NKG2D expression on effector cells. To elucidate the mechanism of NKG2D down-regulation, we incubated lymphocytes from healthy donors in the presence of sNKG2D ligands or in co-culture with MM cell lines. sNKG2D ligands in clinically relevant concentrations did not down-regulate NKG2D expression, but co-culture of effector cells with myeloma cells with high surface expression of NKG2D ligands reduced NKG2D expression significantly. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that MM is associated with a significant reduction in NKG2D expression which may be contact-mediated rather than caused by soluble NKG2D ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie von Lilienfeld-Toal
- Transplant Immunology Group, Level 3, St. James's Institute of Oncology, Bexley Wing, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK.
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50
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Sequential recovery of NK cell receptor repertoire after allogeneic hematopoietic SCT. Bone Marrow Transplant 2010; 45:1022-30. [PMID: 20118994 DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2009.384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Alloreactivity of natural killer (NK) cells contributes to the GVL reaction after allogeneic hematopoietic SCT (allo-HSCT). However, various procedure-related factors may affect NK cell maturation and their ability to recognize and kill leukemic cells. In this study, we prospectively evaluated expression of NK cell inhibitory receptors in 83 adults treated with myeloablative, killer cell Ig-like receptor (KIR)-ligand-matched allo-HSCT. NK cell maturation was evaluated by comparing the phenotypic patterns after allo-HSCT with the donor ones. The frequencies of KIR3DL1 were comparable to the donor ones on day +28, while they decreased significantly starting from day +100. The expression of KIR2DL2/3 was significantly lower in patients compared with donors up to day +100. The expression of KIR2DL1, despite continues growth, remained significantly decreased for 1 year after allo-HSCT. NKG2A was over-expressed up to day +180. Within 1 year after allo-HSCT, the NK cell phenotypic pattern tended to recapitulate the donor type. The process was disturbed by the use of steroids with significant differences observed on days +56 (P=0.01) and +100 (P=0.04). Up to day +100, reconstitution of NK cell receptor repertoire correlated with the absolute numbers of circulating CD3(+), CD3(+)CD4(+) and CD3(+)CD8(+) cells. Our observations should be taken into account when trying to predict potential benefit from NK cell alloreactivity.
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