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Fareed SA, Yousef EM, Abd El-Moneam SM. Effects of prolonged hydroxychloroquine use on the pancreatic tissue and expected ameliorative effect of lactoferrin in rats (biochemical, histological, and morphometric study). Tissue Cell 2024; 89:102439. [PMID: 38889555 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), an antimalarial drug widely used in treating rheumatoid disorders. Many side effects have been reported with HCQ administration indicating its hazardous effects on various organs. No previous studies reported the effect of long-term administration of oral HCQ on pancreatic tissue. Our study assessed pancreatic tissues functional and histopathological alterations following prolonged oral administration of HCQ. We also investigated the possible ameliorative effects of the lactoferrin (LF) coadministration with HCQ in adult male albino rats. Forty adult male Wister albino rats were divided into: negative control, LF positive control (2 g/kg), HCQ-treated (200 mg/kg), and HCQ+LF treated. Biochemical, histological, immunohistochemical, and morphometric analyses of the pancreatic tissues were conducted. Our findings revealed that prolonged oral administration of HCQ induced significant disruption of the pancreatic acinar architecture, enlarged congested islets of Langerhans, and elevated plasma insulin, amylase, and lipase levels. Interestingly, LF administration ameliorated the deleterious effects of prolonged HCQ administration on pancreatic tissue of adult male albino rats. In conclusion, prolonged oral administration of HCQ induced pancreatic tissue damage in rats, while LF attenuates HCQ-induced pancreatic injury. Our results emphasized the necessity of prescribing HCQ with caution, considering both dosage and treatment duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimaa Antar Fareed
- Department of Human Anatomy & Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
| | - Einas Mohamed Yousef
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt.
| | - Samar M Abd El-Moneam
- Department of Human Anatomy & Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
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2
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García-Ferreras R, Osuna-Pérez J, Ramírez-Santiago G, Méndez-Pérez A, Acosta-Moreno AM, Del Campo L, Gómez-Sánchez MJ, Iborra M, Herrero-Fernández B, González-Granado JM, Sánchez-Madrid F, Carrasco YR, Boya P, Martínez-Martín N, Veiga E. Bacteria-instructed B cells cross-prime naïve CD8 + T cells triggering effective cytotoxic responses. EMBO Rep 2023:e56131. [PMID: 37184882 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202256131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
In addition to triggering humoral responses, conventional B cells have been described in vitro to cross-present exogenous antigens activating naïve CD8+ T cells. Nevertheless, the way B cells capture these exogenous antigens and the physiological roles of B cell-mediated cross-presentation remain poorly explored. Here, we show that B cells capture bacteria by trans-phagocytosis from previously infected dendritic cells (DC) when they are in close contact. Bacterial encounter "instructs" the B cells to acquire antigen cross-presentation abilities, in a process that involves autophagy. Bacteria-instructed B cells, henceforth referred to as BacB cells, rapidly degrade phagocytosed bacteria, process bacterial antigens and cross-prime naïve CD8+ T cells which differentiate into specific cytotoxic cells that efficiently control bacterial infections. Moreover, a proof-of-concept experiment shows that BacB cells that have captured bacteria expressing tumor antigens could be useful as novel cellular immunotherapies against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel García-Ferreras
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Osuna-Pérez
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Ramírez-Santiago
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Almudena Méndez-Pérez
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrés M Acosta-Moreno
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lara Del Campo
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - María J Gómez-Sánchez
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 12 de Octubre Health Research Institute (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Iborra
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Herrero-Fernández
- LamImSys Lab, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - José M González-Granado
- LamImSys Lab, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Sánchez-Madrid
- LamImSys Lab, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Yolanda R Carrasco
- Department of Immunology & Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Boya
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | | | - Esteban Veiga
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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Hendy DA, Haven A, Bachelder EM, Ainslie KM. Preclinical developments in the delivery of protein antigens for vaccination. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2023; 20:367-384. [PMID: 36731824 PMCID: PMC9992317 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2023.2176844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vaccine technology has constantly advanced since its origin. One of these advancements is where purified parts of a pathogen are used rather than the whole pathogen. Subunit vaccines have no chance of causing disease; however, alone these antigens are often poorly immunogenic. Therefore, they can be paired with immune stimulating adjuvants. Further, subunits can be combined with delivery strategies such as nano/microparticles to enrich their delivery to organs and cells of interest as well as protect them from in vivo degradation. Here, we seek to highlight some of the more promising delivery strategies for protein antigens. AREAS COVERED We present a brief description of the different types of vaccines, clinically relevant examples, and their disadvantages when compared to subunit vaccines. Also, specific preclinical examples of delivery strategies for protein antigens. EXPERT OPINION Subunit vaccines provide optimal safety given that they have no risk of causing disease; however, they are often not immunogenic enough on their own to provide protection. Advanced delivery systems are a promising avenue to increase the immunogenicity of subunit vaccines, but scalability and stability can be improved. Further, more research is warranted on systems that promote a mucosal immune response to provide better protection against infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan A. Hendy
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Alex Haven
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Eric M. Bachelder
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Kristy M. Ainslie
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, UNC School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Van Meerhaeghe T, Néel A, Brouard S, Degauque N. Regulation of CD8 T cell by B-cells: A narrative review. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1125605. [PMID: 36969196 PMCID: PMC10030846 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1125605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of CD4 T cells by B cells has been extensively studied, but B cell-regulated priming, proliferation, and survival of CD8 T cells remains controversial. B cells express high levels of MHC class I molecules and can potentially act as antigen-presenting cells (APCs) for CD8 T cells. Several in vivo studies in mice and humans demonstrate the role of B cells as modulators of CD8 T cell function in the context of viral infections, autoimmune diseases, cancer and allograft rejection. In addition, B-cell depletion therapies can lead to impaired CD8 T-cell responses. In this review, we attempt to answer 2 important questions: 1. the role of B cell antigen presentation and cytokine production in the regulation of CD8 T cell survival and cell fate determination, and 2. The role of B cells in the formation and maintenance of CD8 T cell memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tess Van Meerhaeghe
- Department of Nephrology, Hôpital Erasme, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Nantes Université, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology (CR2TI), UMR 1064, Nantes, France
| | - Antoine Néel
- Nantes Université, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology (CR2TI), UMR 1064, Nantes, France
- Internal Medicine Department, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - Sophie Brouard
- Nantes Université, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology (CR2TI), UMR 1064, Nantes, France
| | - Nicolas Degauque
- Nantes Université, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology (CR2TI), UMR 1064, Nantes, France
- *Correspondence: Nicolas Degauque,
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Kawaguchi Y, Shimizu T, Ando H, Ishima Y, Ishida T. Development of a Nanocarrier-Based Splenic B Cell-Targeting System for Loading Antigens in Vitro. Biol Pharm Bull 2022; 45:926-933. [PMID: 35786600 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b22-00222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
B cells are types of lymphocytes that are involved in the production of antibodies against pathogens. They also deliver and present antigens for the priming of T cells. Recently, we developed an in vivo splenic marginal zone (MZ) B cell-targeting liposomes decorated with polyethylene glycol (PEG) containing a hydroxyl-terminus group (HO-PEG-Lip). In an expansion of a previous study, we used HO-PEG-Lip as an in vitro antigen delivery tool to splenic B cells to test the ability of this formulation to overcome the limitations of the poor antigen uptake ability of B cells for implantation. To achieve our purpose, various factors were optimized. These factors include cell number, liposome concentration, pre-opsonization of liposomes, fresh serum concentration, and incubation time, all of which affect the extent of interaction between liposomes and B cells. As a result, we confirmed that the HO-PEG-Lip required incubation at 37 °C for at least 20 min with 50% mouse fresh serum followed by a subsequent incubation at 37 °C for at least another 30 min with splenic B cells. By using such a loading system, fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled ovalbumin (OVA), a model antigen, encapsulated in HO-PEG-Lip could be efficiently loaded into splenic B cells. In addition, HO-PEG-Lip and FITC-labeled OVA encapsulated in HO-PEG-Lip were efficiently associated with MZ-B cells with high levels of complement receptors (CRs) rather than follicular B cells with low levels of CRs. These results propose a novel and useful system to efficiently load antigens into B cells in vitro by taking advantage of complement systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshino Kawaguchi
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University
| | - Taro Shimizu
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University
| | - Hidenori Ando
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University
| | - Yu Ishima
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University
| | - Tatsuhiro Ishida
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University
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6
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Račková L, Csekes E. Redox aspects of cytotoxicity and anti-neuroinflammatory profile of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in serum-starved BV-2 microglia. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 447:116084. [PMID: 35618033 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.116084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) have long been used worldwide to treat and prevent human malarias. However, these 4-aminoquinolines have also shown promising potential in treating chronic illnesses with an inflammatory component, including neurological diseases. Given the current demand for serum avoidance during pharmacological testing and modeling of some pathologies, we compared cytotoxicities of CQ and HCQ in both serum-deprived and -fed murine BV-2 microglia. Furthermore, we assessed the anti-neuroinflammatory potential of both compounds in serum-deprived cells. Under both conditions, CQ showed higher cytotoxicity than HCQ. However, the comparable MTT-assay-derived data measured under different serum conditions were associated with disparate cytotoxic mechanisms of CQ and HCQ. In particular, under serum starvation, CQ mildly enhanced secondary ROS, mitochondrial hyperpolarization, and decreased phagocytosis. However, CQ promoted G1 phase cell cycle arrest and mitochondrial depolarization in serum-fed cells. Under both conditions, CQ fostered early apoptosis. Additionally, we confirmed that both compounds could exert anti-inflammatory effects in microglia through interference with MAPK signaling under nutrient-deprivation-related stress. Nevertheless, unlike HCQ, CQ is more likely to exaggerate intracellular prooxidant processes in activated starved microglia, which are inefficiently buffered by Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway activation. These outcomes also show HCQ as a promising anti-neuroinflammatory drug devoid of CQ-mediated cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Račková
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Dúbravská cesta 9, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
| | - Erika Csekes
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Dúbravská cesta 9, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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7
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Ju B, Wang J, Mo L, Huang J, Hao Z, Lv X, Pu D, He L. Elevated CD19 +Siglec-10 + B cell levels are correlated with systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 102:108403. [PMID: 34857478 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by B cell dysregulation and the breakdown of self-tolerance, leading to pathogenic autoantibody production. Human Siglec-10 is a member of the sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-type lectin (Siglec) family and a B cell surface coreceptor that inhibits B cell receptor-induced signalling. However, to date, no report has investigated CD19+Siglec-10+ B cells in SLE patients. Thus, this study aimed to measure the population of CD19+Siglec-10+ B cells in patients with SLE and its correlation with disease activity. METHODS Flow cytometry was employed to measure the population of CD19+Siglec-10+ B cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of both SLE patients and healthy controls (HCs). The correlation of the proportion of CD19+Siglec-10+ B cells with the values of SLE disease activity was analysed. PBMCs from HCs were challenged with serum from active SLE, inactive SLE, or HCs, and the proportion of CD19+Siglec-10+ B cells was then assessed. The effect of dexamethasone (DEX) or hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) treatment on the proportion of CD19+Siglec-10+ B cells in PBMCs from SLE patients was also determined. RESULTS The proportion of CD19+Siglec-10+ B cells in SLE patients was significantly elevated (P < 0.05), correlated positively with the SLEDAI score (r = 0.304; P = 0.018) and negatively with complement component 3 (C3) (r = -0.283; P = 0.04). In vitro assays indicated that sera from active SLE patients could significantly enhance the proportion of CD19+Siglec-10+ B cells (P < 0.05), while HCQ treatment significantly attenuated their proportions (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The elevation of CD19+Siglec-10+ B cells and their correlation with disease activity may suggest a role for Siglec-10 in the pathogenesis and progression of SLE and provide a serum biomarker for SLE activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bomiao Ju
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology,The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Yanta West Road No. 277, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology,The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Yanta West Road No. 277, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lingfei Mo
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology,The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Yanta West Road No. 277, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology,The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Yanta West Road No. 277, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhiming Hao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology,The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Yanta West Road No. 277, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaohong Lv
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology,The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Yanta West Road No. 277, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dan Pu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology,The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Yanta West Road No. 277, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lan He
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology,The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Yanta West Road No. 277, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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Shi Y. PLAN B for immunotherapy: Promoting and leveraging anti-tumor B cell immunity. J Control Release 2021; 339:156-163. [PMID: 34563591 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Current immuno-oncology primarily focuses on adaptive cellular immunity mediated by T lymphocytes. The other important lymphocytes, B cells, are largely ignored in cancer immunotherapy. B cells are generally considered to be responsible for humoral immune response to viral and bacterial infections. The role of B cells in cancer immunity has long been under debate. Recently, increasing evidence from both preclinical and clinical research has shown that B cells can also induce potent anti-cancer immunity, via humoral and cellular immune responses. Yet it is unclear how to efficiently integrate B cell immunity in cancer immunotherapy. In the current perspective, anti-tumor immunity of B cells is discussed regarding antibody production, antigen presentation, cytokine release and contribution to intratumoral tertiary lymphoid structures. Afterwards, immunosuppressive regulatory phenotypes of B cells are summarized. Furthermore, strategies to activate and modulate B cells using nanomedicines and biomaterials are discussed. This article provides a unique perspective on "PLAN B" (promoting and leveraging anti-tumor B cell immunity) using nanomedicines and biomaterials for cancer immunotherapy. This is envisaged to form a new research direction with the potential to reach the next breakthrough in immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Shi
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen and Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany.
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Klarquist J, Cross EW, Thompson SB, Willett B, Aldridge DL, Caffrey-Carr AK, Xu Z, Hunter CA, Getahun A, Kedl RM. B cells promote CD8 T cell primary and memory responses to subunit vaccines. Cell Rep 2021; 36:109591. [PMID: 34433030 PMCID: PMC8456706 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between B cells and CD4 T cells has been carefully studied, revealing a collaborative effort in which B cells promote the activation, differentiation, and expansion of CD4 T cells while the so-called “helper” cells provide signals to B cells, influencing their class switching and fate. Interactions between B cells and CD8 T cells are not as well studied, although CD8 T cells exhibit an accelerated contraction after certain infections in B-cell-deficient mice. Here, we find that B cells significantly enhance primary CD8 T cell responses after vaccination. Moreover, memory CD8 numbers and function are impaired in B-cell-deficient animals, leading to increased susceptibility to bacterial challenge. We also show that interleukin-27 production by B cells contributes to their impact on primary, but not memory, CD8 responses. Better understanding of the interactions between CD8 T cells and B cells may aid in the design of more effective future vaccine strategies. Generating cytotoxic CD8 T cell responses with vaccines can greatly improve their efficacy, but inducing adequate numbers of these cells can be challenging. Klarquist et al. reveal that the magnitude, persistence, and function of CD8 T cell vaccine responses depend on B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared Klarquist
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Eric W Cross
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Scott B Thompson
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Benjamin Willett
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Daniel L Aldridge
- University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Alayna K Caffrey-Carr
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Zhenming Xu
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, The Joe R. & Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Christopher A Hunter
- University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Andrew Getahun
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Ross M Kedl
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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Chandler LC, Yusuf IH, McClements ME, Barnard AR, MacLaren RE, Xue K. Immunomodulatory Effects of Hydroxychloroquine and Chloroquine in Viral Infections and Their Potential Application in Retinal Gene Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4972. [PMID: 32674481 PMCID: PMC7404262 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Effective treatment of retinal diseases with adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated gene therapy is highly dependent on the proportion of successfully transduced cells. However, due to inflammatory reactions at high vector doses, adjunctive treatment may be necessary to enhance the therapeutic outcome. Hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine are anti-malarial drugs that have been successfully used in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Evidence suggests that at high concentrations, hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine can impact viral infection and replication by increasing endosomal and lysosomal pH. This effect has led to investigations into the potential benefits of these drugs in the treatment of viral infections, including human immunodeficiency virus and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2. However, at lower concentrations, hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine appear to exert immunomodulatory effects by inhibiting nucleic acid sensors, including toll-like receptor 9 and cyclic GMP-AMP synthase. This dose-dependent effect on their mechanism of action supports observations of increased viral infections associated with lower drug doses. In this review, we explore the immunomodulatory activity of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine, their impact on viral infections, and their potential to improve the efficacy and safety of retinal gene therapy by reducing AAV-induced immune responses. The safety and practicalities of delivering hydroxychloroquine into the retina will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurel C. Chandler
- Nuffield Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences & NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK; (I.H.Y.); (M.E.M.); (A.R.B.); (R.E.M.)
- Oxford Eye Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Imran H. Yusuf
- Nuffield Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences & NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK; (I.H.Y.); (M.E.M.); (A.R.B.); (R.E.M.)
- Oxford Eye Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Michelle E. McClements
- Nuffield Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences & NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK; (I.H.Y.); (M.E.M.); (A.R.B.); (R.E.M.)
| | - Alun R. Barnard
- Nuffield Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences & NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK; (I.H.Y.); (M.E.M.); (A.R.B.); (R.E.M.)
- Oxford Eye Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Robert E. MacLaren
- Nuffield Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences & NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK; (I.H.Y.); (M.E.M.); (A.R.B.); (R.E.M.)
- Oxford Eye Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Kanmin Xue
- Nuffield Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences & NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK; (I.H.Y.); (M.E.M.); (A.R.B.); (R.E.M.)
- Oxford Eye Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
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Mandel-Brehm C, Dubey D, Kryzer TJ, O'Donovan BD, Tran B, Vazquez SE, Sample HA, Zorn KC, Khan LM, Bledsoe IO, McKeon A, Pleasure SJ, Lennon VA, DeRisi JL, Wilson MR, Pittock SJ. Kelch-like Protein 11 Antibodies in Seminoma-Associated Paraneoplastic Encephalitis. N Engl J Med 2019; 381:47-54. [PMID: 31269365 PMCID: PMC6800027 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1816721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A 37-year-old man with a history of seminoma presented with vertigo, ataxia, and diplopia. An autoantibody specific for kelch-like protein 11 (KLHL11) was identified with the use of programmable phage display. Immunoassays were used to identify KLHL11 IgG in 12 other men with similar neurologic features and testicular disease. Immunostaining of the patient's IgG on mouse brain tissue showed sparse but distinctive points of staining in multiple brain regions, with enrichment in perivascular and perimeningeal tissues. The onset of the neurologic syndrome preceded the diagnosis of seminoma in 9 of the 13 patients. An age-adjusted estimate of the prevalence of autoimmune KLHL11 encephalitis in Olmsted County, Minnesota, was 2.79 cases per 100,000 men. (Funded by the Rochester Epidemiology Project and others.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleigh Mandel-Brehm
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics (C.M.-B., B.D.O., S.E.V., H.A.S., K.C.Z., L.M.K., J.L.D.), the Weill Institute for Neurosciences (B.T., I.O.B., S.J. Pleasure, M.R.W.), the Department of Neurology (B.T., I.O.B., S.J. Pleasure, M.R.W.), and the Chan Zuckerberg Biohub (J.L.D.), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco; and the Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (D.D., T.J.K., A.M., V.A.L., S.J. Pittock), Neurology (D.D., A.M., V.A.L., S.J. Pittock), and Immunology (V.A.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Divyanshu Dubey
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics (C.M.-B., B.D.O., S.E.V., H.A.S., K.C.Z., L.M.K., J.L.D.), the Weill Institute for Neurosciences (B.T., I.O.B., S.J. Pleasure, M.R.W.), the Department of Neurology (B.T., I.O.B., S.J. Pleasure, M.R.W.), and the Chan Zuckerberg Biohub (J.L.D.), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco; and the Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (D.D., T.J.K., A.M., V.A.L., S.J. Pittock), Neurology (D.D., A.M., V.A.L., S.J. Pittock), and Immunology (V.A.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Thomas J Kryzer
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics (C.M.-B., B.D.O., S.E.V., H.A.S., K.C.Z., L.M.K., J.L.D.), the Weill Institute for Neurosciences (B.T., I.O.B., S.J. Pleasure, M.R.W.), the Department of Neurology (B.T., I.O.B., S.J. Pleasure, M.R.W.), and the Chan Zuckerberg Biohub (J.L.D.), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco; and the Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (D.D., T.J.K., A.M., V.A.L., S.J. Pittock), Neurology (D.D., A.M., V.A.L., S.J. Pittock), and Immunology (V.A.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Brian D O'Donovan
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics (C.M.-B., B.D.O., S.E.V., H.A.S., K.C.Z., L.M.K., J.L.D.), the Weill Institute for Neurosciences (B.T., I.O.B., S.J. Pleasure, M.R.W.), the Department of Neurology (B.T., I.O.B., S.J. Pleasure, M.R.W.), and the Chan Zuckerberg Biohub (J.L.D.), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco; and the Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (D.D., T.J.K., A.M., V.A.L., S.J. Pittock), Neurology (D.D., A.M., V.A.L., S.J. Pittock), and Immunology (V.A.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Baouyen Tran
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics (C.M.-B., B.D.O., S.E.V., H.A.S., K.C.Z., L.M.K., J.L.D.), the Weill Institute for Neurosciences (B.T., I.O.B., S.J. Pleasure, M.R.W.), the Department of Neurology (B.T., I.O.B., S.J. Pleasure, M.R.W.), and the Chan Zuckerberg Biohub (J.L.D.), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco; and the Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (D.D., T.J.K., A.M., V.A.L., S.J. Pittock), Neurology (D.D., A.M., V.A.L., S.J. Pittock), and Immunology (V.A.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Sara E Vazquez
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics (C.M.-B., B.D.O., S.E.V., H.A.S., K.C.Z., L.M.K., J.L.D.), the Weill Institute for Neurosciences (B.T., I.O.B., S.J. Pleasure, M.R.W.), the Department of Neurology (B.T., I.O.B., S.J. Pleasure, M.R.W.), and the Chan Zuckerberg Biohub (J.L.D.), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco; and the Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (D.D., T.J.K., A.M., V.A.L., S.J. Pittock), Neurology (D.D., A.M., V.A.L., S.J. Pittock), and Immunology (V.A.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Hannah A Sample
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics (C.M.-B., B.D.O., S.E.V., H.A.S., K.C.Z., L.M.K., J.L.D.), the Weill Institute for Neurosciences (B.T., I.O.B., S.J. Pleasure, M.R.W.), the Department of Neurology (B.T., I.O.B., S.J. Pleasure, M.R.W.), and the Chan Zuckerberg Biohub (J.L.D.), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco; and the Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (D.D., T.J.K., A.M., V.A.L., S.J. Pittock), Neurology (D.D., A.M., V.A.L., S.J. Pittock), and Immunology (V.A.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Kelsey C Zorn
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics (C.M.-B., B.D.O., S.E.V., H.A.S., K.C.Z., L.M.K., J.L.D.), the Weill Institute for Neurosciences (B.T., I.O.B., S.J. Pleasure, M.R.W.), the Department of Neurology (B.T., I.O.B., S.J. Pleasure, M.R.W.), and the Chan Zuckerberg Biohub (J.L.D.), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco; and the Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (D.D., T.J.K., A.M., V.A.L., S.J. Pittock), Neurology (D.D., A.M., V.A.L., S.J. Pittock), and Immunology (V.A.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Lillian M Khan
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics (C.M.-B., B.D.O., S.E.V., H.A.S., K.C.Z., L.M.K., J.L.D.), the Weill Institute for Neurosciences (B.T., I.O.B., S.J. Pleasure, M.R.W.), the Department of Neurology (B.T., I.O.B., S.J. Pleasure, M.R.W.), and the Chan Zuckerberg Biohub (J.L.D.), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco; and the Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (D.D., T.J.K., A.M., V.A.L., S.J. Pittock), Neurology (D.D., A.M., V.A.L., S.J. Pittock), and Immunology (V.A.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Ian O Bledsoe
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics (C.M.-B., B.D.O., S.E.V., H.A.S., K.C.Z., L.M.K., J.L.D.), the Weill Institute for Neurosciences (B.T., I.O.B., S.J. Pleasure, M.R.W.), the Department of Neurology (B.T., I.O.B., S.J. Pleasure, M.R.W.), and the Chan Zuckerberg Biohub (J.L.D.), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco; and the Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (D.D., T.J.K., A.M., V.A.L., S.J. Pittock), Neurology (D.D., A.M., V.A.L., S.J. Pittock), and Immunology (V.A.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Andrew McKeon
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics (C.M.-B., B.D.O., S.E.V., H.A.S., K.C.Z., L.M.K., J.L.D.), the Weill Institute for Neurosciences (B.T., I.O.B., S.J. Pleasure, M.R.W.), the Department of Neurology (B.T., I.O.B., S.J. Pleasure, M.R.W.), and the Chan Zuckerberg Biohub (J.L.D.), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco; and the Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (D.D., T.J.K., A.M., V.A.L., S.J. Pittock), Neurology (D.D., A.M., V.A.L., S.J. Pittock), and Immunology (V.A.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Samuel J Pleasure
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics (C.M.-B., B.D.O., S.E.V., H.A.S., K.C.Z., L.M.K., J.L.D.), the Weill Institute for Neurosciences (B.T., I.O.B., S.J. Pleasure, M.R.W.), the Department of Neurology (B.T., I.O.B., S.J. Pleasure, M.R.W.), and the Chan Zuckerberg Biohub (J.L.D.), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco; and the Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (D.D., T.J.K., A.M., V.A.L., S.J. Pittock), Neurology (D.D., A.M., V.A.L., S.J. Pittock), and Immunology (V.A.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Vanda A Lennon
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics (C.M.-B., B.D.O., S.E.V., H.A.S., K.C.Z., L.M.K., J.L.D.), the Weill Institute for Neurosciences (B.T., I.O.B., S.J. Pleasure, M.R.W.), the Department of Neurology (B.T., I.O.B., S.J. Pleasure, M.R.W.), and the Chan Zuckerberg Biohub (J.L.D.), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco; and the Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (D.D., T.J.K., A.M., V.A.L., S.J. Pittock), Neurology (D.D., A.M., V.A.L., S.J. Pittock), and Immunology (V.A.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Joseph L DeRisi
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics (C.M.-B., B.D.O., S.E.V., H.A.S., K.C.Z., L.M.K., J.L.D.), the Weill Institute for Neurosciences (B.T., I.O.B., S.J. Pleasure, M.R.W.), the Department of Neurology (B.T., I.O.B., S.J. Pleasure, M.R.W.), and the Chan Zuckerberg Biohub (J.L.D.), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco; and the Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (D.D., T.J.K., A.M., V.A.L., S.J. Pittock), Neurology (D.D., A.M., V.A.L., S.J. Pittock), and Immunology (V.A.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Michael R Wilson
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics (C.M.-B., B.D.O., S.E.V., H.A.S., K.C.Z., L.M.K., J.L.D.), the Weill Institute for Neurosciences (B.T., I.O.B., S.J. Pleasure, M.R.W.), the Department of Neurology (B.T., I.O.B., S.J. Pleasure, M.R.W.), and the Chan Zuckerberg Biohub (J.L.D.), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco; and the Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (D.D., T.J.K., A.M., V.A.L., S.J. Pittock), Neurology (D.D., A.M., V.A.L., S.J. Pittock), and Immunology (V.A.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Sean J Pittock
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics (C.M.-B., B.D.O., S.E.V., H.A.S., K.C.Z., L.M.K., J.L.D.), the Weill Institute for Neurosciences (B.T., I.O.B., S.J. Pleasure, M.R.W.), the Department of Neurology (B.T., I.O.B., S.J. Pleasure, M.R.W.), and the Chan Zuckerberg Biohub (J.L.D.), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco; and the Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (D.D., T.J.K., A.M., V.A.L., S.J. Pittock), Neurology (D.D., A.M., V.A.L., S.J. Pittock), and Immunology (V.A.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
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12
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Shimizu T, Abu Lila AS, Kawaguchi Y, Shimazaki Y, Watanabe Y, Mima Y, Hashimoto Y, Okuhira K, Storm G, Ishima Y, Ishida T. A Novel Platform for Cancer Vaccines: Antigen-Selective Delivery to Splenic Marginal Zone B Cells via Repeated Injections of PEGylated Liposomes. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 201:2969-2976. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1701351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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13
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Alatrash G, Perakis AA, Kerros C, Peters HL, Sukhumalchandra P, Zhang M, Jakher H, Zope M, Patenia R, Sergeeva A, Yi S, Young KH, Philips AV, Cernosek AM, Garber HR, Qiao N, Weng J, St John LS, Lu S, Clise-Dwyer K, Mittendorf EA, Ma Q, Molldrem JJ. Targeting the Leukemia Antigen PR1 with Immunotherapy for the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 24:3386-3396. [PMID: 29661776 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-2626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: PR1 is a human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2 nonameric peptide derived from neutrophil elastase (NE) and proteinase 3 (P3). We have previously shown that PR1 is cross-presented by solid tumors, leukemia, and antigen-presenting cells, including B cells. We have also shown that cross-presentation of PR1 by solid tumors renders them susceptible to killing by PR1-targeting immunotherapies. As multiple myeloma is derived from B cells, we investigated whether multiple myeloma is also capable of PR1 cross-presentation and subsequently capable of being targeted by using PR1 immunotherapies.Experimental Design: We tested whether multiple myeloma is capable of cross-presenting PR1 and subsequently becomes susceptible to PR1-targeting immunotherapies, using multiple myeloma cell lines, a xenograft mouse model, and primary multiple myeloma patient samples.Results: Here we show that multiple myeloma cells lack endogenous NE and P3, are able to take up exogenous NE and P3, and cross-present PR1 on HLA-A2. Cross-presentation by multiple myeloma utilizes the conventional antigen processing machinery, including the proteasome and Golgi, and is not affected by immunomodulating drugs (IMiD). Following PR1 cross-presentation, we are able to target multiple myeloma with PR1-CTL and anti-PR1/HLA-A2 antibody both in vitro and in vivoConclusions: Collectively, our data demonstrate that PR1 is a novel tumor-associated antigen target in multiple myeloma and that multiple myeloma is susceptible to immunotherapies that target cross-presented antigens. Clin Cancer Res; 24(14); 3386-96. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gheath Alatrash
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Section of Transplant Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
| | - Alexander A Perakis
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Section of Transplant Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Celine Kerros
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Section of Transplant Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Haley L Peters
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Section of Transplant Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Pariya Sukhumalchandra
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Section of Transplant Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Mao Zhang
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Section of Transplant Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Haroon Jakher
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Section of Transplant Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Madhushree Zope
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Section of Transplant Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Rebecca Patenia
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Section of Transplant Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Anna Sergeeva
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Section of Transplant Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Shuhua Yi
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ken H Young
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Anne V Philips
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Amanda M Cernosek
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Section of Transplant Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Haven R Garber
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Section of Transplant Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Na Qiao
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jinsheng Weng
- Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Lisa S St John
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Section of Transplant Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Sijie Lu
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Section of Transplant Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Karen Clise-Dwyer
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Section of Transplant Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Elizabeth A Mittendorf
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Qing Ma
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Section of Transplant Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jeffrey J Molldrem
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Section of Transplant Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
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14
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Baleeiro RB, Walden P. Immature human DCs efficiently translocate endocytosed antigens into the cytosol for proteasomal processing. Mol Immunol 2017. [PMID: 28644974 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2017.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cross-presentation of endocytosed antigen is essential for induction of CD8 effector T cell responses and a hallmark of dendritic cells (DCs). The mode of antigen processing in this context is controversial and some models imply translocation of the antigen from the endosomes into the cytosol. To test this hypothesis we made use of the pro-apoptotic properties of cytochrome c when in the cytosol, and confirmed that it indeed triggered apoptosis of human immature DCs but only at high concentrations. Proteasome inhibitors reduced the required concentration of cytochrome c thousand-fold, indicating that protein translocated into the cytosol is rapidly degraded by proteasomes. Mature DCs were also susceptible to cytochrome c-triggered apoptosis at high concentrations but proteasome inhibitors did not increase their sensitivity. Other cross-presenting cells such as B cells and monocytes were not sensitive to cytochrome c at all, indicating that they do not shuttle internalized antigen into the cytosol. Thus, processing of internalized antigens seems to follow different pathways depending on cell type and, in case of DCs, maturation state. Immature DCs appear to have a unique capacity to shuttle external antigen into the cytosol for proteasomal processing, which could explain their efficiency in antigen cross-presentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato B Baleeiro
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Clinical Research Group Tumour Immunology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter Walden
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Clinical Research Group Tumour Immunology, Berlin, Germany.
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15
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Moseman EA, Wu T, de la Torre JC, Schwartzberg PL, McGavern DB. Type I interferon suppresses virus-specific B cell responses by modulating CD8
+
T cell differentiation. Sci Immunol 2016; 1. [DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.aah3565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Ashley Moseman
- Viral Immunology and Intravital Imaging Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Tuoqi Wu
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | - Pamela L. Schwartzberg
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Dorian B. McGavern
- Viral Immunology and Intravital Imaging Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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16
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Bobbala S, Hook S. Is There an Optimal Formulation and Delivery Strategy for Subunit Vaccines? Pharm Res 2016; 33:2078-97. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-016-1979-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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17
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Autophagy and proteasome interconnect to coordinate cross-presentation through MHC class I pathway in B cells. Immunol Cell Biol 2016; 94:964-974. [PMID: 27297581 DOI: 10.1038/icb.2016.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Revised: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cross-presentation of exogenous protein antigens by B cells through the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I pathway in lymphoid malignancies, and transplant setting has been recognised as an important mediator of immune pathogenesis and T cell-mediated immune regulation. However, the precise mechanism of cross-presentation of exogenous antigens in B cells has remained unresolved. Here we have delineated a novel pathway for cross-presentation in B cells, which involves synergistic cooperation of the proteasome and autophagy. After endocytosis, protein antigen is processed through an autophagy- and proteasome-dependent pathway and CD8+ T-cell epitopes are loaded onto MHC class I molecules within the autophagolysomal compartment rather than the conventional secretory pathway, which requires transporters associated with antigen processing-dependent transport. Interestingly, this cross-presentation was critically dependent on valosin-containing protein (VCP)/p97 ATPase through its participation in autophagy. Loss of VCP/p97 ATPase was coincident with accumulation of LC3-II and marked reduction in antigen presentation. These observations provide unique insight on how the autophagy and proteasomal degradation systems interconnect to coordinate MHC class I-restricted cross-presentation in B cells.
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Peng Y, Lai M, Lou Y, Liu Y, Wang H, Zheng X. Efficient induction of cross-presentating human B cell by transduction with human adenovirus type 7 vector. Immunol Lett 2015; 169:41-51. [PMID: 26620361 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2015.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Revised: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/14/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Although human autologous B cells represent a promising alternative to dendritic cells (DCs) for easy large-scale preparation, the naive human B cells are always poor at antigen presentation. The safe and effective usage record of human adenovirus type 7 (HAdV7) live vaccines makes it attractive as a promising vaccine vector candidate. To investigate whether HAdV7 vector could be used to induce the human B cells cross-presentation, in the present study, we constructed the E3-defective recombinant HAdV7 vector encoding green fluorescent protein (GFP) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). We demonstrated that naive human B cells can efficiently be transduced, and that the MAPKs/NF-κB pathway can be activated by recombinant HAdV7. We proved that cytokine TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10, surface molecule MHC class I and the CD86, antigen-processing machinery (APM) compounds ERp57, TAP-1, and TAP-2. were upregulated in HAdV7 transduced human B cells. We also found that CEA-specific IFNγ expression, degranulation, and in vitro and ex vivo cytotoxicities are induced in autologous CD8(+) T cells presensitized by HAd7CEA modified human B cells. Meanwhile, our evidences clearly show that Toll-like receptors 9 (TLR9) antagonist IRS 869 significantly eliminated most of the HAdV7 initiated B cell activation and CD8(+) T cells response, supporting the role and contribution of TLR9 signaling in HAdV7 induced human B cell cross-presentation. Besides a better understanding of the interactions between recombinant HAdV7 and human naive B cells, to our knowledge, the present study provides the first evidence to support the use of HAdV7-modified B cells as a vehicle for vaccines and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Peng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Meimei Lai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; School of Laboratory Medicine,Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yunyan Lou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; School of Laboratory Medicine,Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanqing Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; School of Laboratory Medicine,Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huiyan Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; School of Laboratory Medicine,Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoqun Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; School of Laboratory Medicine,Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Lopez-Medina M, Perez-Lopez A, Alpuche-Aranda C, Ortiz-Navarrete V. Salmonella induces PD-L1 expression in B cells. Immunol Lett 2015; 167:131-40. [PMID: 26292028 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2015.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2014] [Revised: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Salmonella persists for a long time in B cells; however, the mechanism(s) through which infected B cells avoid effector CD8 T cell responses has not been characterized. In this study, we show that Salmonella infects and survives within all B1 and B2 cell subpopulations. B cells are infected with a Salmonella typhimurium strain expressing an ovalbumin (OVA) peptide (SIINFEKL) to evaluate whether B cells process and present Salmonella antigens in the context of MHC-I molecules. Our data showed that OVA peptides are presented by MHC class I K(b)-restricted molecules and the presented antigen is generated through proteasomal degradation and vacuolar processing. In addition, Salmonella-infected B cells express co-stimulatory molecules such as CD40, CD80, and CD86 as well as inhibitory molecules such as PD-L1. Thus, the cross-presentation of Salmonella antigens and the expression of activation molecules suggest that infected B cells are able to prime and activate specific CD8(+) T cells. However, the Salmonella infection-stimulated expression of PD-L1 suggests that the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway may be involved in turning off the cytotoxic effector response during Salmonella persistent infection, thereby allowing B cells to become a reservoir for the bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Lopez-Medina
- Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados del IPN, México City CP 07360, Mexico
| | - Araceli Perez-Lopez
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Celia Alpuche-Aranda
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Secretaría de Salud y Asistencia, Cuernavaca, Morelos CP 62100, Mexico
| | - Vianney Ortiz-Navarrete
- Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados del IPN, México City CP 07360, Mexico.
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20
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Szeto GL, Van Egeren D, Worku H, Sharei A, Alejandro B, Park C, Frew K, Brefo M, Mao S, Heimann M, Langer R, Jensen K, Irvine DJ. Microfluidic squeezing for intracellular antigen loading in polyclonal B-cells as cellular vaccines. Sci Rep 2015; 5:10276. [PMID: 25999171 PMCID: PMC4441198 DOI: 10.1038/srep10276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
B-cells are promising candidate autologous antigen-presenting cells (APCs) to prime antigen-specific T-cells both in vitro and in vivo. However to date, a significant barrier to utilizing B-cells as APCs is their low capacity for non-specific antigen uptake compared to “professional” APCs such as dendritic cells. Here we utilize a microfluidic device that employs many parallel channels to pass single cells through narrow constrictions in high throughput. This microscale “cell squeezing” process creates transient pores in the plasma membrane, enabling intracellular delivery of whole proteins from the surrounding medium into B-cells via mechano-poration. We demonstrate that both resting and activated B-cells process and present antigens delivered via mechano-poration exclusively to antigen-specific CD8+T-cells, and not CD4+T-cells. Squeezed B-cells primed and expanded large numbers of effector CD8+T-cells in vitro that produced effector cytokines critical to cytolytic function, including granzyme B and interferon-γ. Finally, antigen-loaded B-cells were also able to prime antigen-specific CD8+T-cells in vivo when adoptively transferred into mice. Altogether, these data demonstrate crucial proof-of-concept for mechano-poration as an enabling technology for B-cell antigen loading, priming of antigen-specific CD8+T-cells, and decoupling of antigen uptake from B-cell activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Lee Szeto
- 1] Department of Materials Science &Engineering, MIT [2] Department of Biological Engineering, MIT [3] David. H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT [4] The Ragon Institute of Harvard, MIT, and MGH
| | | | | | - Armon Sharei
- 1] David. H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT [2] Department of Chemical Engineering, MIT [3] The Ragon Institute of Harvard, MIT, and MGH
| | | | - Clara Park
- Department of Biological Engineering, MIT
| | | | - Mavis Brefo
- Department of Materials Science &Engineering, MIT
| | | | - Megan Heimann
- David. H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT
| | - Robert Langer
- 1] David. H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT [2] Department of Chemical Engineering, MIT
| | | | - Darrell J Irvine
- 1] Department of Materials Science &Engineering, MIT [2] Department of Biological Engineering, MIT [3] David. H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT [4] The Ragon Institute of Harvard, MIT, and MGH [5] Howard Hughes Medical Institute
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21
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Lopez-Medina M, Perez-Lopez A, Alpuche-Aranda C, Ortiz-Navarrete V. Salmonella modulates B cell biology to evade CD8(+) T cell-mediated immune responses. Front Immunol 2014; 5:586. [PMID: 25484884 PMCID: PMC4240163 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Although B cells and antibodies are the central effectors of humoral immunity, B cells can also produce and secrete cytokines and present antigen to helper T cells. The uptake of antigen is mainly mediated by endocytosis; thus, antigens are often presented by MHC-II molecules. However, it is unclear if B cells can present these same antigens via MHC-I molecules. Recently, Salmonella bacteria were found to infect B cells, allowing possible antigen cross-processing that could generate bacterial peptides for antigen presentation via MHC-I molecules. Here, we will discuss available knowledge regarding Salmonella antigen presentation by infected B cell MHC-I molecules and subsequent inhibitory effects on CD8(+) T cells for bacterial evasion of cell-mediated immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Lopez-Medina
- Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados del IPN , México City, DF , Mexico
| | - Araceli Perez-Lopez
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Irvine School of Medicine, University of California , Irvine, CA , USA
| | - Celia Alpuche-Aranda
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Secretaría de Salud y Asistencia , Cuernavaca, Morelos CP , Mexico
| | - Vianney Ortiz-Navarrete
- Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados del IPN , México City, DF , Mexico
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22
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Blodörn K, Hägglund S, Fix J, Dubuquoy C, Makabi-Panzu B, Thom M, Karlsson P, Roque JL, Karlstam E, Pringle J, Eléouët JF, Riffault S, Taylor G, Valarcher JF. Vaccine safety and efficacy evaluation of a recombinant bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) with deletion of the SH gene and subunit vaccines based on recombinant human RSV proteins: N-nanorings, P and M2-1, in calves with maternal antibodies. PLoS One 2014; 9:e100392. [PMID: 24945377 PMCID: PMC4063758 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0100392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of safe and effective vaccines against both bovine and human respiratory syncytial viruses (BRSV, HRSV) to be used in the presence of RSV-specific maternally-derived antibodies (MDA) remains a high priority in human and veterinary medicine. Herein, we present safety and efficacy results from a virulent BRSV challenge of calves with MDA, which were immunized with one of three vaccine candidates that allow serological differentiation of infected from vaccinated animals (DIVA): an SH gene-deleted recombinant BRSV (ΔSHrBRSV), and two subunit (SU) formulations based on HRSV-P, -M2-1, and -N recombinant proteins displaying BRSV-F and -G epitopes, adjuvanted by either oil emulsion (Montanide ISA71VG, SUMont) or immunostimulating complex matrices (AbISCO-300, SUAbis). Whereas all control animals developed severe respiratory disease and shed high levels of virus following BRSV challenge, ΔSHrBRSV-immunized calves demonstrated almost complete clinical and virological protection five weeks after a single intranasal vaccination. Although mucosal vaccination with ΔSHrBRSV failed to induce a detectable immunological response, there was a rapid and strong anamnestic mucosal BRSV-specific IgA, virus neutralizing antibody and local T cell response following challenge with virulent BRSV. Calves immunized twice intramuscularly, three weeks apart with SUMont were also well protected two weeks after boost. The protection was not as pronounced as that in ΔSHrBRSV-immunized animals, but superior to those immunized twice subcutaneously three weeks apart with SUAbis. Antibody responses induced by the subunit vaccines were non-neutralizing and not directed against BRSV F or G proteins. When formulated as SUMont but not as SUAbis, the HRSV N, P and M2-1 proteins induced strong systemic cross-protective cell-mediated immune responses detectable already after priming. ΔSHrBRSV and SUMont are two promising DIVA-compatible vaccines, apparently inducing protection by different immune responses that were influenced by vaccine-composition, immunization route and regimen.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Antibodies, Viral/blood
- Antibodies, Viral/immunology
- Cattle
- Epitopes/chemistry
- Epitopes/immunology
- Gene Deletion
- Genes, Viral
- Humans
- Lung/immunology
- Lung/pathology
- Lung/virology
- Lymph Nodes/pathology
- Lymphocytes/immunology
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/blood
- Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/immunology
- Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/virology
- Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines/adverse effects
- Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines/immunology
- Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Bovine/genetics
- Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Bovine/immunology
- Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Bovine/pathogenicity
- Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human/immunology
- Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human/metabolism
- Species Specificity
- Vaccination
- Vaccines, Subunit/adverse effects
- Vaccines, Subunit/immunology
- Viral Load
- Viral Proteins/metabolism
- Virulence
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Affiliation(s)
- Krister Blodörn
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Host Pathogen Interaction Group, Department of Clinical Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sara Hägglund
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Host Pathogen Interaction Group, Department of Clinical Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | - Jenna Fix
- INRA, Unité de Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Catherine Dubuquoy
- INRA, Unité de Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | | | - Michelle Thom
- The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Per Karlsson
- National Veterinary Institute, Department of Virology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Erika Karlstam
- National Veterinary Institute, Department of Pathology and Wildlife Diseases, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - John Pringle
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Host Pathogen Interaction Group, Department of Clinical Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Sabine Riffault
- INRA, Unité de Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | | | - Jean François Valarcher
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Host Pathogen Interaction Group, Department of Clinical Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
- National Veterinary Institute, Department of Virology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Uppsala, Sweden
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23
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Ungaro F, Conte C, Quaglia F, Tornesello ML, Buonaguro FM, Buonaguro L. VLPs and particle strategies for cancer vaccines. Expert Rev Vaccines 2013; 12:1173-1193. [PMID: 24124878 DOI: 10.1586/14760584.2013.836909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Effective delivery of tumor antigens to APCs is one of the key steps for eliciting a strong and durable immune response to tumors. Several cancer vaccines have been evaluated in clinical trials, based on soluble peptides, but results have not been fully satisfactory. To improve immunogenicity particles provide a valid strategy to display and/or incorporate epitopes which can be efficiently targeted to APCs for effective induction of adaptive immunity. In the present review, we report some leading technologies for developing particulate vaccines employed in cancer immunotherapy, highlighting the key parameters for a rational design to elicit both humoral and cellular responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Ungaro
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy
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24
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Alatrash G, Mittendorf EA, Sergeeva A, Sukhumalchandra P, Qiao N, Zhang M, St John LS, Ruisaard K, Haugen CE, Al-Atrache Z, Jakher H, Philips AV, Ding X, Chen JQ, Wu Y, Patenia RS, Bernatchez C, Vence LM, Radvanyi LG, Hwu P, Clise-Dwyer K, Ma Q, Lu S, Molldrem JJ. Broad cross-presentation of the hematopoietically derived PR1 antigen on solid tumors leads to susceptibility to PR1-targeted immunotherapy. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2012; 189:5476-84. [PMID: 23105141 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1201221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
PR1 is a HLA-A2-restricted peptide that has been targeted successfully in myeloid leukemia with immunotherapy. PR1 is derived from the neutrophil granule proteases proteinase 3 (P3) and neutrophil elastase (NE), which are both found in the tumor microenvironment. We recently showed that P3 and NE are taken up and cross-presented by normal and leukemia-derived APCs, and that NE is taken up by breast cancer cells. We now extend our findings to show that P3 and NE are taken up and cross-presented by human solid tumors. We further show that PR1 cross-presentation renders human breast cancer and melanoma cells susceptible to killing by PR1-specific CTLs (PR1-CTL) and the anti-PR1/HLA-A2 Ab 8F4. We also show PR1-CTL in peripheral blood from patients with breast cancer and melanoma. Together, our data identify cross-presentation as a novel mechanism through which cells that lack endogenous expression of an Ag become susceptible to therapies that target cross-presented Ags and suggest PR1 as a broadly expressed tumor Ag.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gheath Alatrash
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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25
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The role of antigen cross-presentation from leukemia blasts on immunity to the leukemia-associated antigen PR1. J Immunother 2012; 35:309-20. [PMID: 22495388 DOI: 10.1097/cji.0b013e31824b3b14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Cross-presentation is an important mechanism by which exogenous tumor antigens are presented to elicit immunity. Because neutrophil elastase (NE) and proteinase-3 (P3) expression is increased in myeloid leukemia, we investigated whether NE and P3 are cross-presented by dendritic cells (DC) and B cells, and whether the NE and P3 source determines immune outcomes. We show that NE and P3 are elevated in leukemia patient serum and that levels correlate with remission status. We demonstrate cellular uptake of NE and P3 into lysosomes, ubiquitination, and proteasome processing for cross-presentation. Using anti-PR1/human leukocyte antigen-A2 monoclonal antibody, we provide direct evidence that B-cells cross-present soluble and leukemia-associated NE and P3, whereas DCs cross-present only leukemia-associated NE and P3. Cross-presentation occurred at early time points but was not associated with DC or B-cell activation, suggesting that NE and P3 cross-presentation may favor tolerance. Furthermore, we show aberrant subcellular localization of NE and P3 in leukemia blasts to compartments that share common elements of the classic major histocompatibility class I antigen-presenting pathway, which may facilitate cross-presentation. Our data demonstrate distinct mechanisms for cross-presentation of soluble and cell-associated NE and P3, which may be valuable in understanding immunity to PR1 in leukemia.
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26
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Joshi MD, Unger WJ, Storm G, van Kooyk Y, Mastrobattista E. Targeting tumor antigens to dendritic cells using particulate carriers. J Control Release 2012; 161:25-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2012] [Revised: 05/01/2012] [Accepted: 05/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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27
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Hägglund S, Hu K, Vargmar K, Poré L, Olofson AS, Blodörn K, Anderson J, Ahooghalandari P, Pringle J, Taylor G, Valarcher JF. Bovine respiratory syncytial virus ISCOMs-Immunity, protection and safety in young conventional calves. Vaccine 2011; 29:8719-30. [PMID: 21864616 PMCID: PMC7115641 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.07.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2011] [Revised: 07/21/2011] [Accepted: 07/29/2011] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) is a major cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in cattle and causes yearly outbreaks with high morbidity in Europe. Commercial vaccines against this virus needs improvement of efficacy, especially in calves with BRSV-specific maternally derived antibodies (MDA). We previously reported that an experimental BRSV-ISCOM vaccine, but not a commercial vaccine, induced strong clinical and virological protection in calves with MDA, immunized at 7–15 weeks of age. The aim of the present study was to characterize the immune responses, as well as to investigate the efficacy and safety in younger animals, representing the target population for vaccination. Four groups of five 3–8 week old calves with variable levels of BRSV-specific MDA were immunized s.c. twice at a 3 weeks interval with (i) BRSV immunostimulating complexes (BRSV-ISCOMs), (ii) BRSV-protein, (iii) adjuvant, or (iv) PBS. All calves were challenged with virulent BRSV by aerosol 2 weeks later and euthanized on day 6 after infection. The cellular and humoral responses were monitored as well as the clinical signs, the viral excretion and the pathology following challenge. Despite presence of MDA at the time of the immunization, only a minimum of clinical signs were observed in the BRSV-ISCOM group after challenge. In contrast, in all control groups, clinical signs of disease were observed in most of the animals (respiratory rates up to 76 min−1 and rectal temperatures up to 41 °C). The clinical protection was associated to a highly significant reduction of virus replication in the upper and lower respiratory tract of calves, rapid systemic and local antibody responses and T helper cell responses dominated by IFNγ production. Animals that did not shed virus detectable by PCR or cell culture following challenge possessed particularly high levels of pulmonary IgA. The protective immunological responses to BRSV proteins and the ability to overcome the inhibiting effect of MDA were dependent on ISCOM borne antigen presentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Hägglund
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Clinical Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
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28
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Eliasson DG, Helgeby A, Schön K, Nygren C, El-Bakkouri K, Fiers W, Saelens X, Lövgren KB, Nyström I, Lycke NY. A novel non-toxic combined CTA1-DD and ISCOMS adjuvant vector for effective mucosal immunization against influenza virus. Vaccine 2011; 29:3951-61. [PMID: 21481325 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.03.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2010] [Revised: 02/10/2011] [Accepted: 03/25/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Here we demonstrate that by using non-toxic fractions of saponin combined with CTA1-DD we can achieve a safe and above all highly efficacious mucosal adjuvant vector. We optimized the construction, tested the requirements for function and evaluated proof-of-concept in an influenza A virus challenge model. We demonstrated that the CTA1-3M2e-DD/ISCOMS vector provided 100% protection against mortality and greatly reduced morbidity in the mouse model. The immunogenicity of the vector was superior to other vaccine formulations using the ISCOM or CTA1-DD adjuvants alone. The versatility of the vector was best exemplified by the many options to insert, incorporate or admix vaccine antigens with the vector. Furthermore, the CTA1-3M2e-DD/ISCOMS could be kept 1 year at 4°C or as a freeze-dried powder without affecting immunogenicity or adjuvanticity of the vector. Strong serum IgG and mucosal IgA responses were elicited and CD4 T cell responses were greatly enhanced after intranasal administration of the combined vector. Together these findings hold promise for the combined vector as a mucosal vaccine against influenza virus infections including pandemic influenza. The CTA1-DD/ISCOMS technology represents a breakthrough in mucosal vaccine vector design which successfully combines immunomodulation and targeting in a safe and stable particulate formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dubravka Grdic Eliasson
- MIVAC - Mucosal Immunobiology & Vaccine Center, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Göteborg, 413 90 Göteborg, Sweden
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29
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Pashov A, Garimalla S, Monzavi-Karbassi B, Kieber-Emmons T. Carbohydrate targets in HIV vaccine research: lessons from failures. Immunotherapy 2011; 1:777-94. [PMID: 20636023 DOI: 10.2217/imt.09.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Learning from the successes of other vaccines that enhance natural and existing protective responses to pathogens, the current effort in HIV vaccine research is directed toward inducing cytotoxic responses. Nevertheless, antibodies are fundamental players in vaccine development and are still considered in the context of passive specific immunotherapy of HIV, especially since several broadly neutralizing monoclonals are available. Special interest is directed toward antibodies binding to the glycan array on gp120 since they have the potential of broader reactivity and cross-clade neutralizing capacity. Humoral responses to carbohydrate antigens have proven effective against other pathogens, why not HIV? The variability of the epitope targets on HIV may not be the only problem to developing active or passive immunotherapeutic strategies. The dynamics of the infected immune system leads to ambiguous effects of most of the effector mechanisms calling for new approaches; some may already be available, while others are in the making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastas Pashov
- Department of Pathology & Winthrop P Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham St, #824 Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
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30
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Kamphorst AO, Guermonprez P, Dudziak D, Nussenzweig MC. Route of antigen uptake differentially impacts presentation by dendritic cells and activated monocytes. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2010; 185:3426-35. [PMID: 20729332 PMCID: PMC3013633 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1001205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs), which maintain tolerance and orchestrate T cell immune responses, comprise a heterogeneous group of cells. For example, in the steady state, murine spleen contains pre-DC-derived CD8(+) and CD8(-) conventional DCs. During inflammation, monocytes become activated and acquire some DC-like features, such as expression of CD11c and MHC class II. Although each of these cell types can present Ag, the relative efficiency of processing and presentation after Ag capture by different routes has not yet been systematically compared. To this end, we administered OVA to various conventional DCs and activated monocytes by receptor-mediated endocytosis, pinocytosis, or phagocytosis and measured internalization and presentation to MHC class I- and MHC class II-restricted T cells. We find that CD8(-) DCs are more efficient than any other type of APC tested in terms of presenting Ag to MHC class II-restricted T cells, irrespective of the route of Ag capture. In contrast, both subsets of splenic DCs are highly effective in cross-presenting Ags to CD8(+) T cells. DCs and activated monocytes cross-presented Ags delivered by DEC205-mediated endocytosis and pinocytosis. However, DCs differ from activated monocytes in that the latter are several orders of magnitude less efficient in presenting Ags captured by phagocytosis to CD8(+) or CD4(+) T cells. We conclude that DCs derived from pre-DCs differ from monocyte-derived cells in that DCs process and present Ags efficiently irrespective of the route of Ag capture. Our observations have significant implications for understanding initiation of immune responses and vaccination strategies targeting DCs and activated monocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice O Kamphorst
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
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31
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Processing and cross-presentation of individual HLA-A, -B, or -C epitopes from NY-ESO-1 or an HLA-A epitope for Melan-A differ according to the mode of antigen delivery. Blood 2010; 116:218-25. [PMID: 20430956 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2009-10-249458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability of dendritic cells (DCs) to cross-present protein tumor antigens to cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) underpins the success of therapeutic cancer vaccines. We studied cross-presentation of the cancer/testis antigen, NY-ESO-1, and the melanoma differentiation antigen, Melan-A by human DC subsets. Monocyte-derived DCs (MoDCs) efficiently cross-presented human leukocyte associated (HLA)-A2-restricted epitopes from either a formulated NY-ESO-1/ISCOMATRIX vaccine or when either antigen was mixed with ISCOMATRIX adjuvant. HLA-A2 epitope generation required endosomal acidification and was proteasome-independent for NY-ESO-1 and proteasome-dependent for Melan-A. Both MoDCs and CD1c(+) blood DCs cross-presented NY-ESO-1-specific HLA-A2(157-165)-, HLA-B7(60-72)-, and HLA-Cw3(92-100)-restricted epitopes when formulated as an NY-ESO-1/ISCOMATRIX vaccine, but this was limited when NY-ESO-1 and ISCOMATRIX adjuvant were added separately to the DC cultures. Finally, cross-presentation of NY-ESO-1(157-165)/HLA-A2, NY-ESO-1(60-72)/HLA-B7, and NY-ESO-1(92-100)/HLA-Cw3 epitopes was proteasome-dependent when formulated as immune complexes (ICs) but only proteasome-dependent for NY-ESO-1(60-72)/HLA-B7-restricted cross-presentation facilitated by ISCOMATRIX adjuvant. We demonstrate, for the first time, proteasome-dependent and independent cross-presentation of HLA-A-, B-, and C-restricted epitopes within the same full-length tumor antigen by human DCs. Our findings identify important differences in the capacities of human DC subsets to cross-present clinically relevant, full-length tumor antigens and how vaccine formulation impacts CTL responses in vivo.
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Madhun AS, Haaheim LR, Nilsen MV, Cox RJ. Intramuscular Matrix-M-adjuvanted virosomal H5N1 vaccine induces high frequencies of multifunctional Th1 CD4+ cells and strong antibody responses in mice. Vaccine 2009; 27:7367-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.09.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2009] [Revised: 08/31/2009] [Accepted: 09/11/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is an established treatment modality for malignant and nonmalignant hematologic diseases. Acute and chronic graft-versus-host diseases (GVHDs) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. T cells have been identified as key players in the graft-versus-host reaction and, therefore, most established drugs used against GVHD target T cells. Despite our knowledge on the pathogenesis of the GVH reaction, success of established therapies for prevention and treatment of GHVD is unsatisfactory. Recently, animal and human studies demonstrated that B cells are involved in the immunopathophysiology of acute and chronic GVHD. Early phase clinical trials of B-cell depletion with rituximab have shown beneficial effects on both acute and chronic GVHD. This review summarizes the current experimental and clinical evidence for the involvement of B cells in the pathogenesis of acute and chronic GVHD and discusses the clinical implications for the management of patients undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation.
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Mesenchymal stromal cells cross-present soluble exogenous antigens as part of their antigen-presenting cell properties. Blood 2009; 114:2632-8. [PMID: 19654411 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2009-02-207795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies involving bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) demonstrated that interferon (IFN)-gamma stimulation induces major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II-mediated antigen presentation in MSCs both in vitro and in vivo. Concordantly, we investigated the ability of MSCs to present extracellular antigen through their MHC class I molecules, a process known as cross-presentation. Using an in vitro antigen presentation assay, we demonstrated that murine MSCs can cross-present soluble ovalbumin (OVA) to naive CD8(+) T cells from OT-I mice. Cross-presentation by MSC was proteasome dependent and partly dependent on transporter associated with antigen-processing molecules. Pretreatment of MSC with IFN-gamma increased cross-presentation by up-regulating antigen processing and presentation. However, although the transcription of the transporter associated with antigen processing-1 molecules and the immunoproteasome subunit LMP2 induced by IFN-gamma was inhibited by transforming growth factor-beta, the overall cross-presentation capacity of MSCs remained unchanged after transforming growth factor-beta treatment. These observations were validated in vivo by performing an immune reconstitution assay in beta(2)-microglobulin(-/-) mice and show that OVA cross-presentation by MSCs induces the proliferation of naive OVA-specific CD8(+) T cells. In conclusion, we demonstrate that MSCs can cross-present exogenous antigen and induce an effective CD8(+) T-cell immune response, a property that could be exploited as a therapeutic cell-based immune biopharmaceutic for the treatment of cancer or infectious diseases.
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Giodini A, Rahner C, Cresswell P. Receptor-mediated phagocytosis elicits cross-presentation in nonprofessional antigen-presenting cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2009; 106:3324-9. [PMID: 19218463 PMCID: PMC2642664 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0813305106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2008] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In cross-presentation by dendritic cells (DCs), internalized proteins are retrotranslocated into the cytosol, degraded by the proteasome, and the generated antigenic peptides bind to MHC class I molecules for presentation on the cell surface. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) contribution to phagosomal membranes is thought to provide antigen access to the ER-associated degradation (ERAD) machinery, allowing cytosolic dislocation. Because the ERAD pathway is present in all cell types and exogenous antigens encounter an ER-containing compartment during phagocytosis, we postulated that forcing phagocytosis in cell types other than DCs would render them competent for cross-presentation. Indeed, FcRgammaIIA expression endowed 293T cells with the capacity for both phagocytosis and ERAD-mediated cross-presentation of an antigen provided as an immune complex. The acquisition of this ability by nonprofessional antigen-presenting cells suggests that a function potentially available in all cell types has been adapted by DCs for presentation of exogenous antigens by MHC class I molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christoph Rahner
- Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 Cedar Street, P.O. Box 208011, New Haven, CT 06520-8011
| | - Peter Cresswell
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- Departments of Immunobiology and
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