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Cheng S, Jiang D, Lan X, Liu K, Fan C. Voltage-gated potassium channel 1.3: A promising molecular target in multiple disease therapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116651. [PMID: 38692062 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated potassium channel 1.3 (Kv1.3) has emerged as a pivotal player in numerous biological processes and pathological conditions, sparking considerable interest as a potential therapeutic target across various diseases. In this review, we present a comprehensive examination of Kv1.3 channels, highlighting their fundamental characteristics and recent advancements in utilizing Kv1.3 inhibitors for treating autoimmune disorders, neuroinflammation, and cancers. Notably, Kv1.3 is prominently expressed in immune cells and implicated in immune responses and inflammation associated with autoimmune diseases and chronic inflammatory conditions. Moreover, its aberrant expression in certain tumors underscores its role in cancer progression. While preclinical studies have demonstrated the efficacy of Kv1.3 inhibitors, their clinical translation remains pending. Molecular imaging techniques offer promising avenues for tracking Kv1.3 inhibitors and assessing their therapeutic efficacy, thereby facilitating their development and clinical application. Challenges and future directions in Kv1.3 inhibitor research are also discussed, emphasizing the significant potential of targeting Kv1.3 as a promising therapeutic strategy across a spectrum of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sixuan Cheng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Dawei Jiang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xiaoli Lan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Cheng Fan
- Department of Geriatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
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2
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Patel SH, Wilson GC, Wu Y, Keitsch S, Wilker B, Mattarei A, Ahmad SA, Szabo I, Gulbins E. Sphingosine is involved in PAPTP-induced death of pancreas cancer cells by interfering with mitochondrial functions. J Mol Med (Berl) 2024:10.1007/s00109-024-02456-2. [PMID: 38780771 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-024-02456-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Pancreas ductal adenocarcinoma belongs to the most common cancers, but also to the tumors with the poorest prognosis. Here, we pharmacologically targeted a mitochondrial potassium channel, namely mitochondrial Kv1.3, and investigated the role of sphingolipids and mutated Kirsten Rat Sarcoma Virus (KRAS) in Kv1.3-mediated cell death. We demonstrate that inhibition of Kv1.3 using the Kv1.3-inhibitor PAPTP results in an increase of sphingosine and superoxide in membranes and/or membranes associated with mitochondria, which is enhanced by KRAS mutation. The effect of PAPTP on sphingosine and mitochondrial superoxide formation as well as cell death is prevented by sh-RNA-mediated downregulation of Kv1.3. Induction of sphingosine in human pancreas cancer cells by PAPTP is mediated by activation of sphingosine-1-phosphate phosphatase and prevented by an inhibitor of sphingosine-1-phosphate phosphatase. A rapid depolarization of isolated mitochondria is triggered by binding of sphingosine to cardiolipin, which is neutralized by addition of exogenous cardiolipin. The significance of these findings is indicated by treatment of mutated KRAS-harboring metastasized pancreas cancer with PAPTP in combination with ABC294640, a blocker of sphingosine kinases. This treatment results in increased formation of sphingosine and death of pancreas cancer cells in vitro and, most importantly, prolongs in vivo survival of mice challenged with metastatic pancreas cancer. KEY MESSAGES: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a common tumor with poor prognosis. The mitochondrial Kv1.3 ion channel blocker induced mitochondrial sphingosine. Sphingosine binds to cardiolipin thereby mediating mitochondrial depolarization. Sphingosine is formed by a PAPTP-mediated activation of S1P-Phosphatase. Inhibition of sphingosine-consumption amplifies PAPTP effects on PDAC in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameer H Patel
- Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Gregory C Wilson
- Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Yuqing Wu
- Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Simone Keitsch
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Barbara Wilker
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Andrea Mattarei
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Syed A Ahmad
- Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Ildiko Szabo
- Department of Biology, CNR Institute of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Erich Gulbins
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122, Essen, Germany.
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Flori L, Spezzini J, Calderone V, Testai L. Role of mitochondrial potassium channels in ageing. Mitochondrion 2024; 76:101857. [PMID: 38403095 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2024.101857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Ageing is described as an inevitable decline in body functions over time and an increase in susceptibility to age-related diseases. Therefore, the increase of life expectancy is also viewed as a condition in which many elderly will develop age-related diseases and disabilities, such as cardiovascular, metabolic, neurological and oncological ones. Currently, several recognized cellular hallmarks of senescence are taken in consideration to evaluate the level of biological ageing and are the topic to plan preventive/curative anti-ageing interventions, including genomic instability, epigenetic alterations, and mitochondrial dysfunction. In this scenario, alterations in the function/expression of mitochondrial ion channels have been found in ageing and associated to an impairment of calcium cycling and a reduced mitochondrial membrane potential. Although several ion channels have been described at mitochondrial level, undoubtedly the mitochondrial potassium (mitoK) channels are the most investigated. Therefore, this review summarized the evidence that sheds to light a correlation between age-related diseases and alteration of mitoK channels, focusing the attention of the main age-related diseases, i.e. cardiovascular, neurological and oncological ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Flori
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Vincenzo Calderone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy; Interdepartmental Research Centre of Ageing Biology and Pathology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lara Testai
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy; Interdepartmental Research Centre of Ageing Biology and Pathology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
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Yang X, Zheng H, Niu J, Chen X, Li H, Rao Z, Guo Y, Zhang W, Wang Z. Curcumin alleviates zearalenone-induced liver injury in mice by scavenging reactive oxygen species and inhibiting mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 277:116343. [PMID: 38657456 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Curcumin (CUR) is a compound extracted from turmeric that has a variety of functions including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. As an estrogen-like mycotoxin, zearalenone (ZEN) not only attacks the reproductive system, but also has toxic effects on the liver. However, whether CUR can alleviate ZEN-induced liver injury remains unclear. This paper aims to investigate the protective effect of CUR against ZEN-induced liver injury in mice and explore the molecular mechanism involved. BALB/c mice were randomly divided into control (CON) group, CUR group (200 mg/kg b. w. CUR), ZEN group (40 mg/kg b. w. ZEN) and CUR+ZEN group (200 mg/kg b. w. CUR+40 mg/kg b. w. ZEN). 28 d after ZEN exposure and CUR treatment, blood and liver samples were collected for subsequent testing. The results showed that CUR reversed ZEN-induced hepatocyte swelling and necrosis in mice. It significantly reduced the serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels in mice (p < 0.05). In addition, CUR significantly reduced hepatic ROS, malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide and apoptosis levels in mice (p < 0.05). Quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot results showed that CUR significantly reduced the expression of Bax and Caspase3, and reversed the increase of Nrf2, HO-1 and NQO1 expression in the liver of mice induced by ZEN (p < 0.05). In conclusion, CUR alleviated ZEN-induced liver injury in mice by scavenging ROS and inhibiting the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Yang
- Animal Nutrition Control Laboratory of Henan Agricultural University, China
| | - Hao Zheng
- Animal Nutrition Control Laboratory of Henan Agricultural University, China
| | - Junlong Niu
- Animal Nutrition Control Laboratory of Henan Agricultural University, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Chen
- Animal Nutrition Control Laboratory of Henan Agricultural University, China
| | - Hongfei Li
- Animal Nutrition Control Laboratory of Henan Agricultural University, China
| | - Zhiyong Rao
- Animal Nutrition Control Laboratory of Henan Agricultural University, China
| | - Yongpeng Guo
- Animal Nutrition Control Laboratory of Henan Agricultural University, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Animal Nutrition Control Laboratory of Henan Agricultural University, China.
| | - Zhixiang Wang
- Animal Nutrition Control Laboratory of Henan Agricultural University, China.
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Ratano P, Cocozza G, Pinchera C, Busdraghi LM, Cantando I, Martinello K, Scioli M, Rosito M, Bezzi P, Fucile S, Wulff H, Limatola C, D’Alessandro G. Reduction of inflammation and mitochondrial degeneration in mutant SOD1 mice through inhibition of voltage-gated potassium channel Kv1.3. Front Mol Neurosci 2024; 16:1333745. [PMID: 38292023 PMCID: PMC10824952 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1333745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease with no effective therapy, causing progressive loss of motor neurons in the spinal cord, brainstem, and motor cortex. Regardless of its genetic or sporadic origin, there is currently no cure for ALS or therapy that can reverse or control its progression. In the present study, taking advantage of a human superoxide dismutase-1 mutant (hSOD1-G93A) mouse that recapitulates key pathological features of human ALS, we investigated the possible role of voltage-gated potassium channel Kv1.3 in disease progression. We found that chronic administration of the brain-penetrant Kv1.3 inhibitor, PAP-1 (40 mg/Kg), in early symptomatic mice (i) improves motor deficits and prolongs survival of diseased mice (ii) reduces astrocyte reactivity, microglial Kv1.3 expression, and serum pro-inflammatory soluble factors (iii) improves structural mitochondrial deficits in motor neuron mitochondria (iv) restores mitochondrial respiratory dysfunction. Taken together, these findings underscore the potential significance of Kv1.3 activity as a contributing factor to the metabolic disturbances observed in ALS. Consequently, targeting Kv1.3 presents a promising avenue for modulating disease progression, shedding new light on potential therapeutic strategies for ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Germana Cocozza
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rome Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Iva Cantando
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Maria Rosito
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rome Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Bezzi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rome Sapienza, Rome, Italy
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sergio Fucile
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rome Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Heike Wulff
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, Health Sciences Drive, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Cristina Limatola
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppina D’Alessandro
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rome Sapienza, Rome, Italy
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6
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Xu J, Koval A, Katanaev VL. Clofazimine: A journey of a drug. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115539. [PMID: 37742606 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Among different strategies to develop novel therapies, drug repositioning (aka repurposing) aims at identifying new uses of an already approved or investigational drug. This approach has the advantages of availability of the extensive pre-existing knowledge of the drug's safety, pharmacology and toxicology, manufacturing and formulation. It provides advantages to the risk-versus-rewards trade-off as compared to the costly and time-consuming de novo drug discovery process. Clofazimine, a red-colored synthetic derivative of riminophenazines initially isolated from lichens, was first synthesized in the 1950 s, and passed through several phases of repositioning in its history as a drug. Being initially developed as an anti-tuberculosis treatment, it was repurposed for the treatment of leprosy, prior to re-repositioning for the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and other infections. Since 1990 s, reports on the anticancer properties of clofazimine, both in vitro and in vivo, started to appear. Among the diverse mechanisms of action proposed, the activity of clofazimine as a specific inhibitor of the oncogenic Wnt signaling pathway has recently emerged as the promising targeting mechanism of the drug against breast, colon, liver, and other forms of cancer. Seventy years after the initial discovery, clofazimine's journey as a drug finding new applications continues, serving as a colorful illustration of drug repurposing in modern pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiabin Xu
- Translational Research Center in Oncohaematology, Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Alexey Koval
- Translational Research Center in Oncohaematology, Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Vladimir L Katanaev
- Translational Research Center in Oncohaematology, Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia.
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7
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Kulawiak B, Żochowska M, Bednarczyk P, Galuba A, Stroud DA, Szewczyk A. Loss of the large conductance calcium-activated potassium channel causes an increase in mitochondrial reactive oxygen species in glioblastoma cells. Pflugers Arch 2023; 475:1045-1060. [PMID: 37401985 PMCID: PMC10409681 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-023-02833-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial potassium (mitoK) channels play an important role in cellular physiology. These channels are expressed in healthy tissues and cancer cells. Activation of mitoK channels can protect neurons and cardiac tissue against injury induced by ischemia-reperfusion. In cancer cells, inhibition of mitoK channels leads to an increase in mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, which leads to cell death. In glioma cell activity of the mitochondrial, large conductance calcium-activated potassium (mitoBKCa) channel is regulated by the mitochondrial respiratory chain. In our project, we used CRISPR/Cas9 technology in human glioblastoma U-87 MG cells to generate knockout cell lines lacking the α-subunit of the BKCa channel encoded by the KCNMA1 gene, which also encodes cardiac mitoBKCa. Mitochondrial patch-clamp experiments showed the absence of an active mitoBKCa channel in knockout cells. Additionally, the absence of this channel resulted in increased levels of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species. However, analysis of the mitochondrial respiration rate did not show significant changes in oxygen consumption in the cell lines lacking BKCa channels compared to the wild-type U-87 MG cell line. These observations were reflected in the expression levels of selected mitochondrial genes, organization of the respiratory chain, and mitochondrial morphology, which did not show significant differences between the analyzed cell lines. In conclusion, we show that in U-87 MG cells, the pore-forming subunit of the mitoBKCa channel is encoded by the KCNMA1 gene. Additionally, the presence of this channel is important for the regulation of reactive oxygen species levels in mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogusz Kulawiak
- Laboratory of Intracellular Ion Channels, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur St, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Monika Żochowska
- Laboratory of Intracellular Ion Channels, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur St, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Bednarczyk
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Galuba
- Laboratory of Intracellular Ion Channels, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur St, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | - David A Stroud
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Adam Szewczyk
- Laboratory of Intracellular Ion Channels, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur St, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
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Navarro-Pérez M, Estadella I, Benavente-Garcia A, Orellana-Fernández R, Petit A, Ferreres JC, Felipe A. The Phosphorylation of Kv1.3: A Modulatory Mechanism for a Multifunctional Ion Channel. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2716. [PMID: 37345053 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15102716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The voltage-gated potassium channel Kv1.3 plays a pivotal role in a myriad of biological processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Kv1.3 undergoes fine-tuned regulation, and its altered expression or function correlates with tumorigenesis and cancer progression. Moreover, posttranslational modifications (PTMs), such as phosphorylation, have evolved as rapid switch-like moieties that tightly modulate channel activity. In addition, kinases are promising targets in anticancer therapies. The diverse serine/threonine and tyrosine kinases function on Kv1.3 and the effects of its phosphorylation vary depending on multiple factors. For instance, Kv1.3 regulatory subunits (KCNE4 and Kvβ) can be phosphorylated, increasing the complexity of channel modulation. Scaffold proteins allow the Kv1.3 channelosome and kinase to form protein complexes, thereby favoring the attachment of phosphate groups. This review compiles the network triggers and signaling pathways that culminate in Kv1.3 phosphorylation. Alterations to Kv1.3 expression and its phosphorylation are detailed, emphasizing the importance of this channel as an anticancer target. Overall, further research on Kv1.3 kinase-dependent effects should be addressed to develop effective antineoplastic drugs while minimizing side effects. This promising field encourages basic cancer research while inspiring new therapy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Navarro-Pérez
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Avda. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irene Estadella
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Avda. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Benavente-Garcia
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Avda. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Anna Petit
- Departament de Patologia, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Carles Ferreres
- Servei d'Anatomia Patològica, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT-CERCA), 08208 Sabadell, Spain
- Departament de Ciències Morfològiques, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Felipe
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Avda. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Wawrzkiewicz-Jałowiecka A, Lalik A, Lukasiak A, Richter-Laskowska M, Trybek P, Ejfler M, Opałka M, Wardejn S, Delfino DV. Potassium Channels, Glucose Metabolism and Glycosylation in Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097942. [PMID: 37175655 PMCID: PMC10178682 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Potassium channels emerge as one of the crucial groups of proteins that shape the biology of cancer cells. Their involvement in processes like cell growth, migration, or electric signaling, seems obvious. However, the relationship between the function of K+ channels, glucose metabolism, and cancer glycome appears much more intriguing. Among the typical hallmarks of cancer, one can mention the switch to aerobic glycolysis as the most favorable mechanism for glucose metabolism and glycome alterations. This review outlines the interconnections between the expression and activity of potassium channels, carbohydrate metabolism, and altered glycosylation in cancer cells, which have not been broadly discussed in the literature hitherto. Moreover, we propose the potential mediators for the described relations (e.g., enzymes, microRNAs) and the novel promising directions (e.g., glycans-orinented drugs) for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Wawrzkiewicz-Jałowiecka
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Anna Lalik
- Department of Systems Biology and Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
- Biotechnology Center, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Lukasiak
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Richter-Laskowska
- The Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Łukasiewicz Research Network-Krakow Institute of Technology, 30-418 Krakow, Poland
| | - Paulina Trybek
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-500 Chorzów, Poland
| | - Maciej Ejfler
- Faculty of Automatic Control, Electronics and Computer Science, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Maciej Opałka
- Faculty of Automatic Control, Electronics and Computer Science, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Sonia Wardejn
- Faculty of Automatic Control, Electronics and Computer Science, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Domenico V Delfino
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06129 Perugia, Italy
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10
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Silic-Benussi M, Sharova E, Corradin A, Urso L, Raimondi V, Cavallari I, Buldini B, Francescato S, Minuzzo SA, D’Agostino DM, Ciminale V. Repurposing Verapamil to Enhance Killing of T-ALL Cells by the mTOR Inhibitor Everolimus. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030625. [PMID: 36978873 PMCID: PMC10045900 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
New therapies are needed for patients with T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) who do not respond to standard chemotherapy. Our previous studies showed that the mTORC1 inhibitor everolimus increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, decreases the levels of NADPH and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), the rate-limiting enzyme of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), and induces apoptosis in T-ALL cells. Studies in T-ALL-xenografted NOD/SCID mice demonstrated that everolimus improved their response to the glucocorticoid (GC) dexamethasone. Here we show that verapamil, a calcium antagonist used in the treatment of supraventricular tachyarrhythmias, enhanced the effects of everolimus on ROS and cell death in T-ALL cell lines. The death-enhancing effect was synergistic and was confirmed in assays on a panel of therapy-resistant patient-derived xenografts (PDX) and primary samples from T-ALL patients. The verapamil-everolimus combination produced a dramatic reduction in the levels of G6PD and induction of p38 MAPK phosphorylation. Studies of NOD/SCID mice inoculated with refractory T-ALL PDX cells demonstrated that the addition of verapamil to everolimus plus dexamethasone significantly reduced tumor growth in vivo. Taken together, our results provide a rationale for repurposing verapamil in association with mTORC inhibitors and GC to treat refractory T-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micol Silic-Benussi
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV—IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.S.-B.); (V.C.)
| | | | | | - Loredana Urso
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Vittoria Raimondi
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | | | - Barbara Buldini
- Pediatric Hemato Oncology, Maternal and Child Health Department, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Samuela Francescato
- Pediatric Hemato Oncology, Maternal and Child Health Department, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Sonia A. Minuzzo
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Donna M. D’Agostino
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV—IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Ciminale
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV—IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.S.-B.); (V.C.)
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Patel SH, Bachmann M, Kadow S, Wilson GC, Abdel-Salam MML, Xu K, Keitsch S, Soddemann M, Wilker B, Becker KA, Carpinteiro A, Ahmad SA, Szabo I, Gulbins E. Simultaneous targeting of mitochondrial Kv1.3 and lysosomal acid sphingomyelinase amplifies killing of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo. J Mol Med (Berl) 2023; 101:295-310. [PMID: 36790532 PMCID: PMC10036429 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-023-02290-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Pancreas ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains a malignant tumor with very poor prognosis and low 5-year overall survival. Here, we aimed to simultaneously target mitochondria and lysosomes as a new treatment paradigm of malignant pancreas cancer in vitro and in vivo. We demonstrate that the clinically used sphingosine analog FTY-720 together with PAPTP, an inhibitor of mitochondrial Kv1.3, induce death of pancreas cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. The combination of both drugs results in a marked inhibition of the acid sphingomyelinase and accumulation of cellular sphingomyelin in vitro and in vivo in orthotopic and flank pancreas cancers. Mechanistically, PAPTP and FTY-720 cause a disruption of both mitochondria and lysosomes, an alteration of mitochondrial bioenergetics and accumulation of cytoplasmic Ca2+, events that collectively mediate cell death. Our findings point to an unexpected cross-talk between lysosomes and mitochondria mediated by sphingolipid metabolism. We show that the combination of PAPTP and FTY-720 induces massive death of pancreas cancer cells, thereby leading to a substantially delayed and reduced PDAC growth in vivo. KEY MESSAGES: FTY-720 inhibits acid sphingomyelinase in pancreas cancer cells (PDAC). FTY-720 induces sphingomyelin accumulation and lysosomal dysfunction. The mitochondrial Kv1.3 inhibitor PAPTP disrupts mitochondrial functions. PAPTP and FTY-720 synergistically kill PDAC in vitro. The combination of FTY-720 and PAPTP greatly delays PDAC growth in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameer H Patel
- Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Magdalena Bachmann
- Department of Biologyand , CNR Institute of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Stephanie Kadow
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Gregory C Wilson
- Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Mostafa M L Abdel-Salam
- Department of Biologyand , CNR Institute of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Kui Xu
- Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Simone Keitsch
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Matthias Soddemann
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Barbara Wilker
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Katrin Anne Becker
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Alexander Carpinteiro
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Syed A Ahmad
- Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Ildiko Szabo
- Department of Biologyand , CNR Institute of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
| | - Erich Gulbins
- Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122, Essen, Germany.
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12
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Angi B, Muccioli S, Szabò I, Leanza L. A Meta-Analysis Study to Infer Voltage-Gated K+ Channels Prognostic Value in Different Cancer Types. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030573. [PMID: 36978819 PMCID: PMC10045123 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Potassium channels are often highly expressed in cancer cells with respect to healthy ones, as they provide proliferative advantages through modulating membrane potential, calcium homeostasis, and various signaling pathways. Among potassium channels, Shaker type voltage-gated Kv channels are emerging as promising pharmacological targets in oncology. Here, we queried publicly available cancer patient databases to highlight if a correlation exists between Kv channel expression and survival rate in five different cancer types. By multiple gene comparison analysis, we found a predominant expression of KCNA2, KCNA3, and KCNA5 with respect to the other KCNA genes in skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM), uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC), stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD), lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC). This analysis highlighted a prognostic role of KCNA3 and KCNA5 in SKCM, LUAD, LUSC, and STAD, respectively. Interestingly, KCNA3 was associated with a positive prognosis in SKCM and LUAD but not in LUSC. Results obtained by the analysis of KCNA3-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs); tumor immune cell infiltration highlighted differences that may account for such differential prognosis. A meta-analysis study was conducted to investigate the role of KCNA channels in cancer using cancer patients’ datasets. Our study underlines a promising correlation between Kv channel expression in tumor cells, in infiltrating immune cells, and survival rate.
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13
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Li M, Tian P, Zhao Q, Ma X, Zhang Y. Potassium channels: Novel targets for tumor diagnosis and chemoresistance. Front Oncol 2023; 12:1074469. [PMID: 36703789 PMCID: PMC9872028 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1074469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the role of potassium channels in tumors has been intensively studied. Potassium channel proteins are widely involved in various physiological and pathological processes of cells. The expression and dysfunction of potassium channels are closely related to tumor progression. Potassium channel blockers or activators present antitumor effects by directly inhibiting tumor growth or enhancing the potency of classical antitumor agents in combination therapy. This article reviews the mechanisms by which potassium channels contribute to tumor development in various tumors in recent years, introduces the potential of potassium channels as diagnostic targets and therapeutic means for tumors, and provides further ideas for the proper individualized treatment of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meizeng Li
- School of Basic Medical Science, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Peijie Tian
- School of Basic Medical Science, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Science, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Xialin Ma
- School of Basic Medical Science, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Yunxiang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Weifang People’ s Hospital, Weifang, China,*Correspondence: Yunxiang Zhang,
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14
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Varanita T, Angi B, Scattolini V, Szabo I. Kv1.3 K + Channel Physiology Assessed by Genetic and Pharmacological Modulation. Physiology (Bethesda) 2023; 38:0. [PMID: 35998249 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00010.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Potassium channels are widespread over all kingdoms and play an important role in the maintenance of cellular ionic homeostasis. Kv1.3 is a voltage-gated potassium channel of the Shaker family with a wide tissue expression and a well-defined pharmacology. In recent decades, experiments mainly based on pharmacological modulation of Kv1.3 have highlighted its crucial contribution to different fundamental processes such as regulation of proliferation, apoptosis, and metabolism. These findings link channel function to various pathologies ranging from autoimmune diseases to obesity and cancer. In the present review, we briefly summarize studies employing Kv1.3 knockout animal models to confirm such roles and discuss the findings in comparison to the results obtained by pharmacological modulation of Kv1.3 in various pathophysiological settings. We also underline how these studies contributed to our understanding of channel function in vivo and propose possible future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Beatrice Angi
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Ildiko Szabo
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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15
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Lian J, Liang Y, Zhang H, Lan M, Ye Z, Lin B, Qiu X, Zeng J. The role of polyamine metabolism in remodeling immune responses and blocking therapy within the tumor immune microenvironment. Front Immunol 2022; 13:912279. [PMID: 36119047 PMCID: PMC9479087 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.912279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of metabolism provides important information for understanding the biological basis of cancer cells and the defects of cancer treatment. Disorders of polyamine metabolism is a common metabolic change in cancer. With the deepening of understanding of polyamine metabolism, including molecular functions and changes in cancer, polyamine metabolism as a new anti-cancer strategy has become the focus of attention. There are many kinds of polyamine biosynthesis inhibitors and transport inhibitors, but not many drugs have been put into clinical application. Recent evidence shows that polyamine metabolism plays essential roles in remodeling the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), particularly treatment of DFMO, an inhibitor of ODC, alters the immune cell population in the tumor microenvironment. Tumor immunosuppression is a major problem in cancer treatment. More and more studies have shown that the immunosuppressive effect of polyamines can help cancer cells to evade immune surveillance and promote tumor development and progression. Therefore, targeting polyamine metabolic pathways is expected to become a new avenue for immunotherapy for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachun Lian
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Yanfang Liang
- Department of Pathology, Dongguan Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University, Binhaiwan Central Hospital of Dongguan, Dongguan, China
| | - Hailiang Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Minsheng Lan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Ziyu Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Department of Pathology, Dongguan Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University, Binhaiwan Central Hospital of Dongguan, Dongguan, China
- Dongguan Metabolite Analysis Engineering Technology Center of Cells for Medical Use, Guangdong Xinghai Institute of Cell, Dongguan, China
| | - Bihua Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Bioactive Molecular Research for Department of Education of Guangdong Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Antitumor Active Substance Research and Development, Zhanjiang, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xianxiu Qiu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Bioactive Molecular Research for Department of Education of Guangdong Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Antitumor Active Substance Research and Development, Zhanjiang, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jincheng Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Dongguan Metabolite Analysis Engineering Technology Center of Cells for Medical Use, Guangdong Xinghai Institute of Cell, Dongguan, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Bioactive Molecular Research for Department of Education of Guangdong Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Antitumor Active Substance Research and Development, Zhanjiang, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
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16
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Inhibition of a Mitochondrial Potassium Channel in Combination with Gemcitabine and Abraxane Drastically Reduces Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma in an Immunocompetent Orthotopic Murine Model. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112618. [PMID: 35681598 PMCID: PMC9179813 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Treatment of pancreas ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains challenging due to the late stage of presentation, limited efficacy of cytotoxic chemotherapies, and aggressive tumor biology. Novel therapeutic targets are desperately needed. The voltage-gated potassium channel, Kv1.3, is one such unique target. It has been extensively studied in many cancers but less is known in pancreas cancer. In this study, we evaluated the tissue expression of Kv1.3 in resected PDAC and tumor inhibition using novel Kv1.3 inhibitors developed by our group (PCARBTP and PAPTP) with cytotoxic chemotherapies. We found that Kv1.3 is expressed in early stage, non-metastatic, resectable pancreas cancer specimens. Treatment with novel mitochondrial Kv1.3 inhibitors resulted in 95% reduced tumor growth when combined with cytotoxic chemotherapies. This near complete eradication of tumors using this treatment strategy shows that Kv1.3 represents an innovative therapeutic target for pancreas cancer therapy. Abstract Pancreas ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one the most aggressive cancers and associated with very high mortality, requiring the development of novel treatments. The mitochondrial voltage-gated potassium channel, Kv1.3 is emerging as an attractive oncologic target but its function in PDAC is unknown. Here, we evaluated the tissue expression of Kv1.3 in resected PDAC from 55 patients using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and show that all tumors expressed Kv1.3 with 60% of tumor specimens having high Kv1.3 expression. In Pan02 cells, the recently developed mitochondria-targeted Kv1.3 inhibitors PCARBTP and PAPTP strongly reduced cell survival in vitro. In an orthotopic pancreas tumor model (Pan02 cells injected into C57BL/6 mice) in immune-competent mice, injection of PAPTP or PCARBTP resulted in tumor reductions of 87% and 70%, respectively. When combined with clinically used Gemcitabine plus Abraxane (albumin-bound paclitaxel), reduction reached 95% and 80% without resultant organ toxicity. Drug-mediated tumor cell death occurred through the p38-MAPK pathway, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, and oxidative stress. Resistant Pan02 clones to PCARBTP escaped cell death through upregulation of the antioxidant system. In contrast, tumor cells did not develop resistance to PAPTP. Our data show that Kv1.3 is highly expressed in resected human PDAC and the use of novel mitochondrial Kv1.3 inhibitors combined with cytotoxic chemotherapies might be a novel, effective treatment for PDAC.
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17
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Design of New Potent and Selective Thiophene-Based K V1.3 Inhibitors and Their Potential for Anticancer Activity. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112595. [PMID: 35681571 PMCID: PMC9179341 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In this article, we describe the discovery of a new class of potent and selective thiophene-based inhibitors of the voltage-gated potassium channel KV1.3 and their potential to induce apoptosis and inhibit proliferation. The KV1.3 channel has only recently emerged as a molecular target in cancer therapy. The most potent KV1.3 inhibitor 44 had an IC50 KV1.3 value of 470 nM (oocytes) and 950 nM (Ltk− cells) and appropriate selectivity for other KV channels. New KV1.3 inhibitors significantly inhibited proliferation of Panc-1 cells and KV1.3 inhibitor 4 induced significant apoptosis in tumor spheroids of Colo-357 cells. Abstract The voltage-gated potassium channel KV1.3 has been recognized as a tumor marker and represents a promising new target for the discovery of new anticancer drugs. We designed a novel structural class of KV1.3 inhibitors through structural optimization of benzamide-based hit compounds and structure-activity relationship studies. The potency and selectivity of the new KV1.3 inhibitors were investigated using whole-cell patch- and voltage-clamp experiments. 2D and 3D cell models were used to determine antiproliferative activity. Structural optimization resulted in the most potent and selective KV1.3 inhibitor 44 in the series with an IC50 value of 470 nM in oocytes and 950 nM in Ltk− cells. KV1.3 inhibitor 4 induced significant apoptosis in Colo-357 spheroids, while 14, 37, 43, and 44 significantly inhibited Panc-1 proliferation.
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18
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Kumar H, Mazumder S, Sharma N, Chakravarti S, Long MD, Meurice N, Petit J, Liu S, Chesi M, Sanyal S, Stewart AK, Kumar S, Bergsagel L, Rajkumar SV, Baughn LB, Van Ness BG, Mitra AK. Single-Cell Proteomics and Tumor RNAseq Identify Novel Pathways Associated With Clofazimine Sensitivity in PI- and IMiD- Resistant Myeloma, and Putative Stem-Like Cells. Front Oncol 2022; 12:842200. [PMID: 35646666 PMCID: PMC9130773 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.842200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable plasma cell malignancy with dose-limiting toxicities and inter-individual variation in response/resistance to the standard-of-care/primary drugs, proteasome inhibitors (PIs), and immunomodulatory derivatives (IMiDs). Although newer therapeutic options are potentially highly efficacious, their costs outweigh the effectiveness. Previously, we have established that clofazimine (CLF) activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ, synergizes with primary therapies, and targets cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) in drug-resistant chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients. In this study, we used a panel of human myeloma cell lines as in vitro model systems representing drug-sensitive, innate/refractory, and clonally-derived acquired/relapsed PI- and cereblon (CRBN)-negative IMiD-resistant myeloma and bone marrow-derived CD138+ primary myeloma cells obtained from patients as ex vivo models to demonstrate that CLF shows significant cytotoxicity against drug-resistant myeloma as single-agent and in combination with PIs and IMiDs. Next, using genome-wide transcriptome analysis (RNA-sequencing), single-cell proteomics (CyTOF; Cytometry by time-of-flight), and ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA), we identified novel pathways associated with CLF efficacy, including induction of ER stress, autophagy, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative phosphorylation, enhancement of downstream cascade of p65-NFkB-IRF4-Myc downregulation, and ROS-dependent apoptotic cell death in myeloma. Further, we also showed that CLF is effective in killing rare refractory subclones like side populations that have been referred to as myeloma stem-like cells. Since CLF is an FDA-approved drug and also on WHO's list of safe and effective essential medicines, it has strong potential to be rapidly re-purposed as a safe and cost-effective anti-myeloma drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harish Kumar
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Suman Mazumder
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
- Center for Pharmacogenomics and Single-Cell Omics (AUPharmGx), Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Neeraj Sharma
- Division of Laboratory Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Sayak Chakravarti
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Mark D. Long
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Nathalie Meurice
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
| | - Joachim Petit
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
| | - Song Liu
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Marta Chesi
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
| | - Sabyasachi Sanyal
- Biochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - A. Keith Stewart
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
| | - Shaji Kumar
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Leif Bergsagel
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
| | - S. Vincent Rajkumar
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Linda B. Baughn
- Division of Laboratory Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Brian G. Van Ness
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Amit Kumar Mitra
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
- Center for Pharmacogenomics and Single-Cell Omics (AUPharmGx), Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
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19
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Mitochondrial Kv1.3 Channels as Target for Treatment of Multiple Myeloma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14081955. [PMID: 35454865 PMCID: PMC9032553 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14081955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Multiple myeloma is a non-curable disease and new therapeutic approaches are needed. PAPTP and PCARBTP, two novel mitochondria-specific inhibitors of the Kv1.3 ion channel, are effective in killing cultured myeloma cell lines and myeloma cells isolated from patient punctates, while healthy bone marrow cells are not affected. Cell death occurs through the classical mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, and further treatment with venetoclax, a BCL-2 inhibitor, has a clear synergistic effect. We identify Kv1.3 channels as a new therapeutic target for the treatment of multiple myeloma. Abstract Despite several new developments in the treatment of multiple myeloma, all available therapies are only palliative without curative potential and all patients ultimately relapse. Thus, novel therapeutic options are urgently required to prolong survival of or to even cure myeloma. Here, we show that multiple myeloma cells express the potassium channel Kv1.3 in their mitochondria. The mitochondrial Kv1.3 inhibitors PAPTP and PCARBTP are efficient against two tested human multiple myeloma cell lines (L-363 and RPMI-8226) and against ex vivo cultured, patient-derived myeloma cells, while healthy bone marrow cells are spared from toxicity. Cell death after treatment with PAPTP and PCARBTP occurs via the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. In addition, we identify up-regulation of the multidrug resistance pump MDR-1 as the main potential resistance mechanism. Combination with ABT-199 (venetoclax), an inhibitor of Bcl2, has a synergistic effect, suggesting that mitochondrial Kv1.3 inhibitors could potentially be used as combination partner to venetoclax, even in the treatment of t(11;14) negative multiple myeloma, which represent the major part of cases and are rather resistant to venetoclax alone. We thus identify mitochondrial Kv1.3 channels as druggable targets against multiple myeloma.
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20
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Capera J, Navarro-Pérez M, Moen AS, Szabó I, Felipe A. The Mitochondrial Routing of the Kv1.3 Channel. Front Oncol 2022; 12:865686. [PMID: 35402277 PMCID: PMC8990977 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.865686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated potassium channels control neuronal excitability and cardiac action potentials. In addition, these proteins are involved in a myriad of cellular processes. The potassium channel Kv1.3 plays an essential role in the immune response mediated by leukocytes. Kv1.3 is functional both at the plasma membrane and the inner mitochondrial membrane. Plasma membrane Kv1.3 mediates cellular activation and proliferation, whereas mitochondrial Kv1.3 participates in cell survival and apoptosis. Therefore, this protein emerges as an important target in cancer therapies. Several forward-traffic motifs target the channel to the plasma membrane in a COPII-dependent manner. However, the mitochondrial import pathway for Kv1.3 is largely unknown. Here, we deciphered the mitochondrial routing of the mitoKv1.3 channel. Kv1.3 uses the TIM23 complex to translocate to the inner mitochondrial membrane. This mechanism is unconventional because the channel is a multimembrane spanning protein without a defined N-terminal presequence. We found that transmembrane domains cooperatively mediate Kv1.3 mitochondrial targeting and identified the cytosolic HSP70/HSP90 chaperone complex as a key regulator of the process. Our results provide insights into the mechanisms mediating the localization of Kv1.3 to mitochondrial membranes, further extending the knowledge of ion channel biogenesis and turnover in mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesusa Capera
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Dpt. de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - María Navarro-Pérez
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Dpt. de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anne Stine Moen
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Dpt. de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ildiko Szabó
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Antonio Felipe
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Dpt. de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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21
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Wright JR, Jones S, Parvathy S, Kaczmarek LK, Forsythe I, Farndale RW, Gibbins JM, Mahaut-Smith MP. The voltage-gated K + channel Kv1.3 modulates platelet motility and α 2β 1 integrin-dependent adhesion to collagen. Platelets 2022; 33:451-461. [PMID: 34348571 PMCID: PMC8935947 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2021.1942818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Kv1.3 is a voltage-gated K+-selective channel with roles in immunity, insulin-sensitivity, neuronal excitability and olfaction. Despite being one of the largest ionic conductances of the platelet surface membrane, its contribution to platelet function is poorly understood. Here we show that Kv1.3-deficient platelets display enhanced ADP-evoked platelet aggregation and secretion, and an increased surface expression of platelet integrin αIIb. In contrast, platelet adhesion and thrombus formation in vitro under arterial shear conditions on surfaces coated with collagen were reduced for samples from Kv1.3-/- compared to wild type mice. Use of collagen-mimetic peptides revealed a specific defect in the engagement with α2β1. Kv1.3-/- platelets developed significantly fewer, and shorter, filopodia than wild type platelets during adhesion to collagen fibrils. Kv1.3-/- mice displayed no significant difference in thrombus formation within cremaster muscle arterioles using a laser-induced injury model, thus other pro-thrombotic pathways compensate in vivo for the adhesion defect observed in vitro. This may include the increased platelet counts of Kv1.3-/- mice, due in part to a prolonged lifespan. The ability of Kv1.3 to modulate integrin-dependent platelet adhesion has important implications for understanding its contribution to normal physiological platelet function in addition to its reported roles in auto-immune diseases and thromboinflammatory models of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy R Wright
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Sarah Jones
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Department of Life Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Sasikumar Parvathy
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Leonard K Kaczmarek
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, USA
| | - Ian Forsythe
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology and Behaviour, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | | | - Jonathan M Gibbins
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Reading, Reading, UK
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22
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Chemotherapy Resistance: Role of Mitochondrial and Autophagic Components. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14061462. [PMID: 35326612 PMCID: PMC8945922 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14061462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Chemotherapy resistance is a common occurrence during cancer treatment that cancer researchers are attempting to understand and overcome. Mitochondria are a crucial intracellular signaling core that are becoming important determinants of numerous aspects of cancer genesis and progression, such as metabolic reprogramming, metastatic capability, and chemotherapeutic resistance. Mitophagy, or selective autophagy of mitochondria, can influence both the efficacy of tumor chemotherapy and the degree of drug resistance. Regardless of the fact that mitochondria are well-known for coordinating ATP synthesis from cellular respiration in cellular bioenergetics, little is known its mitophagy regulation in chemoresistance. Recent advancements in mitochondrial research, mitophagy regulatory mechanisms, and their implications for our understanding of chemotherapy resistance are discussed in this review. Abstract Cancer chemotherapy resistance is one of the most critical obstacles in cancer therapy. One of the well-known mechanisms of chemotherapy resistance is the change in the mitochondrial death pathways which occur when cells are under stressful situations, such as chemotherapy. Mitophagy, or mitochondrial selective autophagy, is critical for cell quality control because it can efficiently break down, remove, and recycle defective or damaged mitochondria. As cancer cells use mitophagy to rapidly sweep away damaged mitochondria in order to mediate their own drug resistance, it influences the efficacy of tumor chemotherapy as well as the degree of drug resistance. Yet despite the importance of mitochondria and mitophagy in chemotherapy resistance, little is known about the precise mechanisms involved. As a consequence, identifying potential therapeutic targets by analyzing the signal pathways that govern mitophagy has become a vital research goal. In this paper, we review recent advances in mitochondrial research, mitophagy control mechanisms, and their implications for our understanding of chemotherapy resistance.
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23
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Wrzosek A, Gałecka S, Żochowska M, Olszewska A, Kulawiak B. Alternative Targets for Modulators of Mitochondrial Potassium Channels. Molecules 2022; 27:299. [PMID: 35011530 PMCID: PMC8746388 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial potassium channels control potassium influx into the mitochondrial matrix and thus regulate mitochondrial membrane potential, volume, respiration, and synthesis of reactive oxygen species (ROS). It has been found that pharmacological activation of mitochondrial potassium channels during ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury activates cytoprotective mechanisms resulting in increased cell survival. In cancer cells, the inhibition of these channels leads to increased cell death. Therefore, mitochondrial potassium channels are intriguing targets for the development of new pharmacological strategies. In most cases, however, the substances that modulate the mitochondrial potassium channels have a few alternative targets in the cell. This may result in unexpected or unwanted effects induced by these compounds. In our review, we briefly present the various classes of mitochondrial potassium (mitoK) channels and describe the chemical compounds that modulate their activity. We also describe examples of the multidirectional activity of the activators and inhibitors of mitochondrial potassium channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoni Wrzosek
- Laboratory of Intracellular Ion Channels, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (A.W.); (S.G.); (M.Ż.)
| | - Shur Gałecka
- Laboratory of Intracellular Ion Channels, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (A.W.); (S.G.); (M.Ż.)
| | - Monika Żochowska
- Laboratory of Intracellular Ion Channels, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (A.W.); (S.G.); (M.Ż.)
| | - Anna Olszewska
- Department of Histology, Medical University of Gdansk, 1a Debinki, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland;
| | - Bogusz Kulawiak
- Laboratory of Intracellular Ion Channels, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (A.W.); (S.G.); (M.Ż.)
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24
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Qi D, Liu Y, Li J, Huang JH, Hu X, Wu E. Salinomycin as a potent anticancer stem cell agent: State of the art and future directions. Med Res Rev 2021; 42:1037-1063. [PMID: 34786735 PMCID: PMC9298915 DOI: 10.1002/med.21870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a small subpopulation of cells within a tumor that can both self‐renew and differentiate into other cell types forming the heterogeneous tumor bulk. Since CSCs are involved in all aspects of cancer development, including tumor initiation, cell proliferation, metastatic dissemination, therapy resistance, and recurrence, they have emerged as attractive targets for cancer treatment and management. Salinomycin, a widely used antibiotic in poultry farming, was identified by the Weinberg group as a potent anti‐CSC agent in 2009. As a polyether ionophore, salinomycin exerts broad‐spectrum activities, including the important anti‐CSC function. Studies on the mechanism of action of salinomycin against cancer have been continuously and rapidly published since then. Thus, it is imperative for us to update its literature of recent research findings in this area. We here summarize the notable work reported on salinomycin's anticancer activities, intracellular binding target(s), effects on tumor microenvironment, safety, derivatives, and tumor‐specific drug delivery; after that we also discuss the translational potential of salinomycin toward clinical application based on current multifaceted understandings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Qi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas, USA.,Neuroscience Institute, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas, USA
| | - Yunyi Liu
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Molecular Engineering for Theranostics, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Juan Li
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Molecular Engineering for Theranostics, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Jason H Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas, USA.,Neuroscience Institute, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas, USA.,Department of Surgery, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Temple, Texas, USA
| | - Xiaoxiao Hu
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Molecular Engineering for Theranostics, Hunan University, Changsha, China.,Shenzhen Research Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Erxi Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas, USA.,Neuroscience Institute, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas, USA.,Department of Surgery, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Temple, Texas, USA.,LIVESTRONG Cancer Institutes and Department of Oncology, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Pharmacy, College Station, Texas, USA
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25
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Capera J, Pérez-Verdaguer M, Navarro-Pérez M, Felipe A. Kv1.3 Controls Mitochondrial Dynamics during Cell Cycle Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13174457. [PMID: 34503267 PMCID: PMC8431373 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Voltage-dependent potassium channels control the proliferation of mammalian cells. In addition, mitochondria physiology is highly dynamic during the cell cycle. The aim of this work was to investigate whether the Kv1.3 channel participates in the mitochondrial control of cell cycle progression. Our data confirmed that Kv1.3 facilitates the proliferation of preadipocytes through the control of mitochondrial dynamics. In addition, adipogenesis was also dependent on Kv1.3 expression. We shed light on the role of Kv1.3 in mitochondria and adipose tissue metabolism, contributing further to the control of cell proliferation by Kv1.3. Abstract The voltage-gated potassium channel Kv1.3 is a potential therapeutic target for obesity and diabetes. The genetic ablation and pharmacological inhibition of Kv1.3 lead to a lean phenotype in rodents. The mechanism of regulation of body weight and energy homeostasis involves Kv1.3 expression in different organs, including white and brown adipose tissues. Here, we show that Kv1.3 promotes the proliferation of preadipocytes through the control of mitochondrial dynamics. Kv1.3 is expressed in mitochondria exhibiting high affinity for the perinuclear population. The mitochondrial network is highly dynamic during the cell cycle, showing continuous fusion-fission events. The formation of a hyperfused mitochondrial network at the G1/S phase of the cell cycle is dependent on Kv1.3 expression. Our results demonstrate that Kv1.3 promotes preadipocyte proliferation and differentiation by controlling mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial dynamics at the G1 phase of the cell cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesusa Capera
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (J.C.); (M.P.-V.); (M.N.-P.)
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, UK
| | - Mireia Pérez-Verdaguer
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (J.C.); (M.P.-V.); (M.N.-P.)
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - María Navarro-Pérez
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (J.C.); (M.P.-V.); (M.N.-P.)
| | - Antonio Felipe
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (J.C.); (M.P.-V.); (M.N.-P.)
- Correspondence:
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26
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Potassium and Chloride Ion Channels in Cancer: A Novel Paradigm for Cancer Therapeutics. Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 183:135-155. [PMID: 34291318 DOI: 10.1007/112_2021_62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a collection of diseases caused by specific changes at the genomic level that support cell proliferation indefinitely. Traditionally, ion channels are known to control a variety of cellular processes including electrical signal generation and transmission, secretion, and contraction by controlling ionic gradients. However, recent studies had brought to light important facts on ion channels in cancer biology.In this review we discuss the mechanism linking potassium or chloride ion channel activity to biochemical pathways controlling proliferation in cancer cells and the potential advantages of targeting ion channels as an anticancer therapeutic option.
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27
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Midazolam's Effects on Delayed-Rectifier K + Current and Intermediate-Conductance Ca 2+-Activated K + Channel in Jurkat T-lymphocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22137198. [PMID: 34281255 PMCID: PMC8267671 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Midazolam (MDZ) could affect lymphocyte immune functions. However, the influence of MDZ on cell’s K+ currents has never been investigated. Thus, in the present study, the effects of MDZ on Jurkat T lymphocytes were studied using the patch-clamp technique. Results showed that MDZ suppressed the amplitude of delayed-rectifier K+ current (IK(DR)) in concentration-, time-, and state-dependent manners. The IC50 for MDZ-mediated reduction of IK(DR) density was 5.87 μM. Increasing MDZ concentration raised the rate of current-density inactivation and its inhibitory action on IK(DR) density was estimated with a dissociation constant of 5.14 μM. In addition, the inactivation curve of IK(DR) associated with MDZ was shifted to a hyperpolarized potential with no change on the slope factor. MDZ-induced inhibition of IK(DR) was not reversed by flumazenil. In addition, the activity of intermediate-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (IKCa) channels was suppressed by MDZ. Furthermore, inhibition by MDZ on both IK(DR) and IKCa-channel activity appeared to be independent from GABAA receptors and affected immune-regulating cytokine expression in LPS/PMA-treated human T lymphocytes. In conclusion, MDZ suppressed current density of IK(DR) in concentration-, time-, and state-dependent manners in Jurkat T-lymphocytes and affected immune-regulating cytokine expression in LPS/PMA-treated human T lymphocytes.
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28
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Gubič Š, Hendrickx LA, Toplak Ž, Sterle M, Peigneur S, Tomašič T, Pardo LA, Tytgat J, Zega A, Mašič LP. Discovery of K V 1.3 ion channel inhibitors: Medicinal chemistry approaches and challenges. Med Res Rev 2021; 41:2423-2473. [PMID: 33932253 PMCID: PMC8252768 DOI: 10.1002/med.21800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The KV 1.3 voltage-gated potassium ion channel is involved in many physiological processes both at the plasma membrane and in the mitochondria, chiefly in the immune and nervous systems. Therapeutic targeting KV 1.3 with specific peptides and small molecule inhibitors shows great potential for treating cancers and autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, type I diabetes mellitus, psoriasis, contact dermatitis, rheumatoid arthritis, and myasthenia gravis. However, no KV 1.3-targeted compounds have been approved for therapeutic use to date. This review focuses on the presentation of approaches for discovering new KV 1.3 peptide and small-molecule inhibitors, and strategies to improve the selectivity of active compounds toward KV 1.3. Selectivity of dalatazide (ShK-186), a synthetic derivate of the sea anemone toxin ShK, was achieved by chemical modification and has successfully reached clinical trials as a potential therapeutic for treating autoimmune diseases. Other peptides and small-molecule inhibitors are critically evaluated for their lead-like characteristics and potential for progression into clinical development. Some small-molecule inhibitors with well-defined structure-activity relationships have been optimized for selective delivery to mitochondria, and these offer therapeutic potential for the treatment of cancers. This overview of KV 1.3 inhibitors and methodologies is designed to provide a good starting point for drug discovery to identify novel effective KV 1.3 modulators against this target in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Špela Gubič
- Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of LjubljanaLjubljanaSlovenia
| | - Louise A. Hendrickx
- Toxicology and PharmacologyUniversity of Leuven, Campus GasthuisbergLeuvenBelgium
| | - Žan Toplak
- Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of LjubljanaLjubljanaSlovenia
| | - Maša Sterle
- Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of LjubljanaLjubljanaSlovenia
| | - Steve Peigneur
- Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of LjubljanaLjubljanaSlovenia
| | | | - Luis A. Pardo
- AG OncophysiologyMax‐Planck Institute for Experimental MedicineGöttingenGermany
| | - Jan Tytgat
- Toxicology and PharmacologyUniversity of Leuven, Campus GasthuisbergLeuvenBelgium
| | - Anamarija Zega
- Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of LjubljanaLjubljanaSlovenia
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29
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Choudhary D, Goykar H, Karanwad T, Kannaujia S, Gadekar V, Misra M. An understanding of mitochondria and its role in targeting nanocarriers for diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Asian J Pharm Sci 2021; 16:397-418. [PMID: 34703491 PMCID: PMC8520044 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2020.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology has changed the entire paradigm of drug targeting and has shown tremendous potential in the area of cancer therapy due to its specificity. In cancer, several targets have been explored which could be utilized for the better treatment of disease. Mitochondria, the so-called powerhouse of cell, portrays significant role in the survival and death of cells, and has emerged as potential target for cancer therapy. Direct targeting and nanotechnology based approaches can be tailor-made to target mitochondria and thus improve the survival rate of patients suffering from cancer. With this backdrop, in present review, we have reemphasized the role of mitochondria in cancer progression and inhibition, highlighting the different targets that can be explored for targeting of disease. Moreover, we have also summarized different nanoparticulate systems that have been used for treatment of cancer via mitochondrial targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devendra Choudhary
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Ahmedabad, Palaj, Opp. Air force station headqtrs, Gandhinagar 382355, India
| | - Hanmant Goykar
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Ahmedabad, Palaj, Opp. Air force station headqtrs, Gandhinagar 382355, India
| | - Tukaram Karanwad
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Ahmedabad, Palaj, Opp. Air force station headqtrs, Gandhinagar 382355, India
| | - Suraj Kannaujia
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Ahmedabad, Palaj, Opp. Air force station headqtrs, Gandhinagar 382355, India
| | - Vedant Gadekar
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Ahmedabad, Palaj, Opp. Air force station headqtrs, Gandhinagar 382355, India
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30
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Capera J, Pérez-Verdaguer M, Peruzzo R, Navarro-Pérez M, Martínez-Pinna J, Alberola-Die A, Morales A, Leanza L, Szabó I, Felipe A. A novel mitochondrial Kv1.3-caveolin axis controls cell survival and apoptosis. eLife 2021; 10:e69099. [PMID: 34196606 PMCID: PMC8248986 DOI: 10.7554/elife.69099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The voltage-gated potassium channel Kv1.3 plays an apparent dual physiological role by participating in activation and proliferation of leukocytes as well as promoting apoptosis in several types of tumor cells. Therefore, Kv1.3 is considered a potential pharmacological target for immunodeficiency and cancer. Different cellular locations of Kv1.3, at the plasma membrane or the mitochondria, could be responsible for such duality. While plasma membrane Kv1.3 facilitates proliferation, the mitochondrial channel modulates apoptotic signaling. Several molecular determinants of Kv1.3 drive the channel to the cell surface, but no information is available about its mitochondrial targeting. Caveolins, which are able to modulate cell survival, participate in the plasma membrane targeting of Kv1.3. The channel, via a caveolin-binding domain (CDB), associates with caveolin 1 (Cav1), which localizes Kv1.3 to lipid raft membrane microdomains. The aim of our study was to understand the role of such interactions not only for channel targeting but also for cell survival in mammalian cells. By using a caveolin association-deficient channel (Kv1.3 CDBless), we demonstrate here that while the Kv1.3-Cav1 interaction is responsible for the channel localization in the plasma membrane, a lack of such interaction accumulates Kv1.3 in the mitochondria. Kv1.3 CDBless severely affects mitochondrial physiology and cell survival, indicating that a functional link of Kv1.3 with Cav1 within the mitochondria modulates the pro-apoptotic effects of the channel. Therefore, the balance exerted by these two complementary mechanisms fine-tune the physiological role of Kv1.3 during cell survival or apoptosis. Our data highlight an unexpected role for the mitochondrial caveolin-Kv1.3 axis during cell survival and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesusa Capera
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Dpt. de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Mireia Pérez-Verdaguer
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Dpt. de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | | | - María Navarro-Pérez
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Dpt. de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Juan Martínez-Pinna
- Dept de Fisiología, Genética y Microbiología, Universidad de AlicanteAlicanteSpain
| | - Armando Alberola-Die
- Dept de Fisiología, Genética y Microbiología, Universidad de AlicanteAlicanteSpain
| | - Andrés Morales
- Dept de Fisiología, Genética y Microbiología, Universidad de AlicanteAlicanteSpain
| | - Luigi Leanza
- Department of Biology, University of PadovaPadovaItaly
| | - Ildiko Szabó
- Department of Biology, University of PadovaPadovaItaly
| | - Antonio Felipe
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Dpt. de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
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31
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Gene Expression Profile in Different Age Groups and Its Association with Cognitive Function in Healthy Malay Adults in Malaysia. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071611. [PMID: 34199148 PMCID: PMC8304476 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanism of cognitive aging at the molecular level is complex and not well understood. Growing evidence suggests that cognitive differences might also be caused by ethnicity. Thus, this study aims to determine the gene expression changes associated with age-related cognitive decline among Malay adults in Malaysia. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 160 healthy Malay subjects, aged between 28 and 79, and recruited around Selangor and Klang Valley, Malaysia. Gene expression analysis was performed using a HumanHT-12v4.0 Expression BeadChip microarray kit. The top 20 differentially expressed genes at p < 0.05 and fold change (FC) = 1.2 showed that PAFAH1B3, HIST1H1E, KCNA3, TM7SF2, RGS1, and TGFBRAP1 were regulated with increased age. The gene set analysis suggests that the Malay adult's susceptibility to developing age-related cognitive decline might be due to the changes in gene expression patterns associated with inflammation, signal transduction, and metabolic pathway in the genetic network. It may, perhaps, have important implications for finding a biomarker for cognitive decline and offer molecular targets to achieve successful aging, mainly in the Malay population in Malaysia.
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32
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Szabo I, Zoratti M, Biasutto L. Targeting mitochondrial ion channels for cancer therapy. Redox Biol 2021; 42:101846. [PMID: 33419703 PMCID: PMC8113036 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmacological targeting of mitochondrial ion channels is emerging as a promising approach to eliminate cancer cells; as most of these channels are differentially expressed and/or regulated in cancer cells in comparison to healthy ones, this strategy may selectively eliminate the former. Perturbation of ion fluxes across the outer and inner membranes is linked to alterations of redox state, membrane potential and bioenergetic efficiency. This leads to indirect modulation of oxidative phosphorylation, which is/may be fundamental for both cancer and cancer stem cell survival. Furthermore, given the crucial contribution of mitochondria to intrinsic apoptosis, modulation of their ion channels leading to cytochrome c release may be of great advantage in case of resistance to drugs triggering apoptotic events upstream of the mitochondrial phase. In the present review, we give an overview of the known mitochondrial ion channels and of their modulators capable of killing cancer cells. In addition, we discuss state-of-the-art strategies using mitochondriotropic drugs or peptide-based approaches allowing a more efficient and selective targeting of mitochondrial ion channel-linked events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ildiko Szabo
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Italy; CNR Institute of Neurosciences, Padova, Italy.
| | | | - Lucia Biasutto
- CNR Institute of Neurosciences, Padova, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Italy
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33
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Admasu TD, Barardo D, Ng LF, Batchu KC, Cazenave-Gassiot A, Wenk MR, Gruber J. A small-molecule Psora-4 acts as a caloric restriction mimetic to promote longevity in C. elegans. GeroScience 2021; 44:1029-1046. [PMID: 33988831 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-021-00374-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In populations around the world, the fraction of humans aged 65 and above is increasing at an unprecedented rate. Aging is the main risk factor for the most important degenerative diseases and this demographic shift poses significant social, economic, and medical challenges. Pharmacological interventions directly targeting mechanisms of aging are an emerging strategy to delay or prevent age-dependent diseases. Successful application of this approach has the potential to yield dramatic health, social, and economic benefits. Psora-4 is an inhibitor of the voltage-gated potassium channel, Kv1.3, that has previously been shown to increase longevity and health span in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). Our recent discovery that Psora-4 lifespan benefits in C. elegans are synergistic with those of several other lifespan-extending drugs has motivated us to investigate further the mechanism by which Psora-4 extends lifespan. Here, we report that Psora-4 increases the production of free radicals and modulates genes related to stress response and that its effect intersects closely with the target set of caloric restriction (CR) genes, suggesting that it, in part, acts as CR mimetic. This effect may be related to the role of potassium channels in energy metabolism. Our discovery of a potassium channel blocker as a CR mimetic suggests a novel avenue for mimicking CR and extending a healthy lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tesfahun Dessale Admasu
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117608, Singapore
- SENS Research Foundation Research Center, Mountain View, CA, 94041, USA
| | - Diogo Barardo
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117608, Singapore
- Science Divisions, Yale-NUS College, Singapore, 138527, Singapore
| | - Li Fang Ng
- Science Divisions, Yale-NUS College, Singapore, 138527, Singapore
| | | | - Amaury Cazenave-Gassiot
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117608, Singapore
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117456, Singapore
| | - Markus R Wenk
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117608, Singapore
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117456, Singapore
| | - Jan Gruber
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117608, Singapore.
- Science Divisions, Yale-NUS College, Singapore, 138527, Singapore.
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34
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Checchetto V, Leanza L, De Stefani D, Rizzuto R, Gulbins E, Szabo I. Mitochondrial K + channels and their implications for disease mechanisms. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 227:107874. [PMID: 33930454 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The field of mitochondrial ion channels underwent a rapid development during the last decade, thanks to the molecular identification of some of the nuclear-encoded organelle channels and to advances in strategies allowing specific pharmacological targeting of these proteins. Thereby, genetic tools and specific drugs aided definition of the relevance of several mitochondrial channels both in physiological as well as pathological conditions. Unfortunately, in the case of mitochondrial K+ channels, efforts of genetic manipulation provided only limited results, due to their dual localization to mitochondria and to plasma membrane in most cases. Although the impact of mitochondrial K+ channels on human diseases is still far from being genuinely understood, pre-clinical data strongly argue for their substantial role in the context of several pathologies, including cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases as well as cancer. Importantly, these channels are druggable targets, and their in-depth investigation could thus pave the way to the development of innovative small molecules with huge therapeutic potential. In the present review we summarize the available experimental evidence that mechanistically link mitochondrial potassium channels to the above pathologies and underline the possibility of exploiting them for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luigi Leanza
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Italy
| | | | - Rosario Rizzuto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Erich Gulbins
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Ildiko Szabo
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Italy; CNR Institute of Neurosciences, Italy.
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35
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Deng Z, Zeng Q, Tang J, Zhang B, Chai J, Andersen JF, Chen X, Xu X. Anti-inflammatory effects of FS48, the first potassium channel inhibitor from the salivary glands of the flea Xenopsylla cheopis. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100670. [PMID: 33864815 PMCID: PMC8131326 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The voltage-gated potassium (Kv) 1.3 channel plays a crucial role in the immune responsiveness of T-lymphocytes and macrophages, presenting a potential target for treatment of immune- and inflammation related-diseases. FS48, a protein from the rodent flea Xenopsylla cheopis, shares the three disulfide bond feature of scorpion toxins. However, its three-dimensional structure and biological function are still unclear. In the present study, the structure of FS48 was evaluated by circular dichroism and homology modeling. We also described its in vitro ion channel activity using patch clamp recording and investigated its anti-inflammatory activity in LPS-induced Raw 264.7 macrophage cells and carrageenan-induced paw edema in mice. FS48 was found to adopt a common αββ structure and contain an atypical dyad motif. It dose-dependently exhibited the Kv1.3 channel in Raw 264.7 and HEK 293T cells, and its ability to block the channel pore was demonstrated by the kinetics of activation and competition binding with tetraethylammonium. FS48 also downregulated the secretion of proinflammatory molecules NO, IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 by Raw 264.7 cells in a manner dependent on Kv1.3 channel blockage and the subsequent inactivation of the MAPK/NF-κB pathways. Finally, we observed that FS48 inhibited the paw edema formation, tissue myeloperoxidase activity, and inflammatory cell infiltrations in carrageenan-treated mice. We therefore conclude that FS48 identified from the flea saliva is a novel potassium channel inhibitor displaying anti-inflammatory activity. This discovery will promote understanding of the bloodsucking mechanism of the flea and provide a new template molecule for the design of Kv1.3 channel blockers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhui Deng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingye Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Tang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bei Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinwei Chai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - John F Andersen
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, NIAID, National Intitutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xueqing Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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36
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Abundant Monovalent Ions as Environmental Signposts for Pathogens during Host Colonization. Infect Immun 2021; 89:IAI.00641-20. [PMID: 33526568 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00641-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Host colonization by a pathogen requires proper sensing and response to local environmental cues, to ensure adaptation and continued survival within the host. The ionic milieu represents a critical potential source of environmental cues, and indeed, there has been extensive study of the interplay between host and pathogen in the context of metals such as iron, zinc, and manganese, vital ions that are actively sequestered by the host. The inherent non-uniformity of the ionic milieu also extends, however, to "abundant" ions such as chloride and potassium, whose concentrations vary greatly between tissue and cellular locations, and with the immune response. Despite this, the concept of abundant ions as environmental cues and key players in host-pathogen interactions is only just emerging. Focusing on chloride and potassium, this review brings together studies across multiple bacterial and parasitic species that have begun to define both how these abundant ions are exploited as cues during host infection, and how they can be actively manipulated by pathogens during host colonization. The close links between ion homeostasis and sensing/response to different ionic signals, and the importance of studying pathogen response to cues in combination, are also discussed, while considering the fundamental insight still to be uncovered from further studies in this nascent area of inquiry.
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37
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Bachmann M, Rossa A, Antoniazzi G, Biasutto L, Carrer A, Campagnaro M, Leanza L, Gonczi M, Csernoch L, Paradisi C, Mattarei A, Zoratti M, Szabo I. Synthesis and cellular effects of a mitochondria-targeted inhibitor of the two-pore potassium channel TASK-3. Pharmacol Res 2021; 164:105326. [PMID: 33338625 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The two-pore potassium channel TASK-3 has been shown to localize to both the plasma membrane and the mitochondrial inner membrane. TASK-3 is highly expressed in melanoma and breast cancer cells and has been proposed to promote tumor formation. Here we investigated whether pharmacological modulation of TASK-3, and specifically of mitochondrial TASK-3 (mitoTASK-3), had any effect on cancer cell survival and mitochondrial physiology. A novel, mitochondriotropic version of the specific TASK-3 inhibitor IN-THPP has been synthesized by addition of a positively charged triphenylphosphonium moiety. While IN-THPP was unable to induce apoptosis, mitoIN-THPP decreased survival of breast cancer cells and efficiently killed melanoma lines, which we show to express mitoTASK-3. Cell death was accompanied by mitochondrial membrane depolarization and fragmentation of the mitochondrial network, suggesting a role of the channel in the maintenance of the correct function of this organelle. In accordance, cells treated with mitoIN-THPP became rapidly depleted of mitochondrial ATP which resulted in activation of the AMP-dependent kinase AMPK. Importantly, cell survival was not affected in mouse embryonic fibroblasts and the effect of mitoIN-THPP was less pronounced in human melanoma cells stably knocked down for TASK-3 expression, indicating a certain degree of selectivity of the drug both for pathological cells and for the channel. In addition, mitoIN-THPP inhibited cancer cell migration to a higher extent than IN-THPP in two melanoma cell lines. In summary, our results point to the importance of mitoTASK-3 for melanoma cell survival and migration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Rossa
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padua, Italy
| | | | - Lucia Biasutto
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience, Padua, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Andrea Carrer
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Italy
| | | | - Luigi Leanza
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Monika Gonczi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Laszlo Csernoch
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | | | - Andrea Mattarei
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Mario Zoratti
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience, Padua, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Ildiko Szabo
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Italy; CNR Institute of Neuroscience, Padua, Italy.
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38
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Bachmann M, Li W, Edwards MJ, Ahmad SA, Patel S, Szabo I, Gulbins E. Voltage-Gated Potassium Channels as Regulators of Cell Death. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:611853. [PMID: 33381507 PMCID: PMC7767978 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.611853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ion channels allow the flux of specific ions across biological membranes, thereby determining ion homeostasis within the cells. Voltage-gated potassium-selective ion channels crucially contribute to the setting of the plasma membrane potential, to volume regulation and to the physiologically relevant modulation of intracellular potassium concentration. In turn, these factors affect cell cycle progression, proliferation and apoptosis. The present review summarizes our current knowledge about the involvement of various voltage-gated channels of the Kv family in the above processes and discusses the possibility of their pharmacological targeting in the context of cancer with special emphasis on Kv1.1, Kv1.3, Kv1.5, Kv2.1, Kv10.1, and Kv11.1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Bachmann
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy.,Department of Surgery, Medical School, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Weiwei Li
- Department of Surgery, Medical School, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Michael J Edwards
- Department of Surgery, Medical School, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Syed A Ahmad
- Department of Surgery, Medical School, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Sameer Patel
- Department of Surgery, Medical School, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Ildiko Szabo
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy.,Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Institute of Neuroscience, Padua, Italy
| | - Erich Gulbins
- Department of Surgery, Medical School, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States.,Department of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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39
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Xu J, Koval A, Katanaev VL. Beyond TNBC: Repositioning of Clofazimine Against a Broad Range of Wnt-Dependent Cancers. Front Oncol 2020; 10:602817. [PMID: 33363033 PMCID: PMC7758533 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.602817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Wnt signaling plays key roles in oncogenic transformation and progression in a number of cancer types, including tumors in the breast, colon, ovaries, liver, and other tissues. Despite this importance, no therapy targeting the Wnt pathway currently exists. We have previously shown that the anti-mycobacterium drug clofazimine is a specific inhibitor of Wnt signaling and cell proliferation in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Here, we expand the applicability of clofazimine to a set of other Wnt-dependent cancers. Using a panel of cell lines from hepatocellular carcinoma, glioblastoma, as well as colorectal and ovarian cancer, we show that the efficacy of clofazimine against a given cancer type correlates with the basal levels of Wnt pathway activation and the ability of the drug to inhibit Wnt signaling in it, being further influenced by the cancer mutational spectrum. Our study establishes the basis for patient stratification in the future clinical trials of clofazimine and may ultimately contribute to the establishment of the Wnt pathway-targeted therapy against a diverse set of cancer types relying on the oncogenic Wnt signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiabin Xu
- Translational Research Center in Oncohaematology, Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alexey Koval
- Translational Research Center in Oncohaematology, Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Vladimir L Katanaev
- Translational Research Center in Oncohaematology, Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia.,Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China
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40
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Actions of FTY720 (Fingolimod), a Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor Modulator, on Delayed-Rectifier K + Current and Intermediate-Conductance Ca 2+-Activated K + Channel in Jurkat T-Lymphocytes. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25194525. [PMID: 33023219 PMCID: PMC7582672 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25194525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
FTY720 (fingolimod), a modulator of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors, is known to produce the immunomodulatory actions and to be beneficial for treating the relapsing multiple sclerosis. However, whether it exerts any effects on membrane ion currents in immune cells remains largely unknown. Herein, the effects of FTY720 on ionic currents in Jurkat T-lymphocytes were investigated. Cell exposure to FTY720 suppressed the amplitude of delayed-rectifier K+ current (IK(DR)) in a time- and concentration-dependent manner with an IC50 value of 1.51 μM. Increasing the FTY720 concentration not only decreased the IK(DR) amplitude but also accelerated the inactivation time course of the current. By using the minimal reaction scheme, the effect of FTY720 on IK(DR) inactivation was estimated with a dissociation constant of 3.14 μM. FTY720 also shifted the inactivation curve of IK(DR) to a hyperpolarized potential with no change in the slope factor, and recovery from IK(DR) became slow during the exposure to this compound. Cumulative inactivation for IK(DR) in response to repetitive depolarizations was enhanced in the presence of FTY720. In SEW2871-treated cells, FTY720-induced inhibition of IK(DR) was attenuated. This compound also exerted a stimulatory action on the activity of intermediate-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels in Jurkat T-lymphocytes. However, in NSC-34 neuronal cells, FTY720 did not modify the inactivation kinetics of KV3.1-encoded IK(DR), although it suppressed IK(DR) amplitude in these cells. Collectively, the perturbations by FTY720 on different types of K+ channels may contribute to the functional activities of immune cells, if similar findings appear in vivo.
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41
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Ion Channels in Cancer: Orchestrators of Electrical Signaling and Cellular Crosstalk. Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 183:103-133. [PMID: 32894333 DOI: 10.1007/112_2020_48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Ion channels are pore-forming transmembrane proteins that govern ion flux to regulate a myriad of biological processes in development, physiology, and disease. Across various types of cancer, ion channel expression and activity are often dysregulated. We review the contribution of ion channels to multiple stages of tumorigenesis based on data from in vivo model systems. As intertumoral and intratumoral heterogeneities are major obstacles in developing effective therapies, we provide perspectives on how ion channels in tumor cells and their microenvironment represent targetable vulnerabilities in the areas of tumor-stromal cell interactions, cancer neuroscience, and cancer mechanobiology.
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42
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Peruzzo R, Mattarei A, Azzolini M, Becker-Flegler KA, Romio M, Rigoni G, Carrer A, Biasutto L, Parrasia S, Kadow S, Managò A, Urbani A, Rossa A, Semenzato G, Soriano ME, Trentin L, Ahmad S, Edwards M, Gulbins E, Paradisi C, Zoratti M, Leanza L, Szabò I. Insight into the mechanism of cytotoxicity of membrane-permeant psoralenic Kv1.3 channel inhibitors by chemical dissection of a novel member of the family. Redox Biol 2020; 37:101705. [PMID: 33007503 PMCID: PMC7527709 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The potassium channel Kv1.3, involved in several important pathologies, is the target of a family of psoralen-based drugs whose mechanism of action is not fully understood. Here we provide evidence for a physical interaction of the mitochondria-located Kv1.3 (mtKv1.3) and Complex I of the respiratory chain and show that this proximity underlies the death-inducing ability of psoralenic Kv1.3 inhibitors. The effects of PAP-1-MHEG (PAP-1, a Kv1.3 inhibitor, with six monomeric ethylene glycol units attached to the phenyl ring of PAP-1), a more soluble novel derivative of PAP-1 and of its various portions on mitochondrial physiology indicate that the psoralenic moiety of PAP-1 bound to mtKv1.3 facilitates the diversion of electrons from Complex I to molecular oxygen. The resulting massive production of toxic Reactive Oxygen Species leads to death of cancer cells expressing Kv1.3. In vivo, PAP-1-MHEG significantly decreased melanoma volume. In summary, PAP-1-MHEG offers insights into the mechanisms of cytotoxicity of this family of compounds and may represent a valuable clinical tool. The mitochondrial channel mitoKv1.3 is a promising pharmacological target. MitoKv1.3 interacts with Complex I of the respiratory chain. Psoralenic inhibitors of Kv1.3 facilitate the diversion of e− from complex I to O2. A novel psoralenic Kv1.3 inhibitor with increased solubility reduces melanoma volume.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Mattarei
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Italy
| | | | | | - Matteo Romio
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padua, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Carrer
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Lucia Biasutto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Italy; CNR Institute of Neuroscience, Padua, Italy
| | - Sofia Parrasia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Stephanie Kadow
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | | | - Andrea Urbani
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Andrea Rossa
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padua, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Syed Ahmad
- Department of Surgery, Medical School, University of Cincinnati, USA
| | - Michael Edwards
- Department of Surgery, Medical School, University of Cincinnati, USA
| | - Erich Gulbins
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | | | - Mario Zoratti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Italy; CNR Institute of Neuroscience, Padua, Italy
| | - Luigi Leanza
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Ildikò Szabò
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Italy; CNR Institute of Neuroscience, Padua, Italy.
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43
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Capatina AL, Lagos D, Brackenbury WJ. Targeting Ion Channels for Cancer Treatment: Current Progress and Future Challenges. Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 183:1-43. [PMID: 32865696 DOI: 10.1007/112_2020_46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ion channels are key regulators of cancer cell pathophysiology. They contribute to a variety of processes such as maintenance of cellular osmolarity and membrane potential, motility (via interactions with the cytoskeleton), invasion, signal transduction, transcriptional activity and cell cycle progression, leading to tumour progression and metastasis. Ion channels thus represent promising targets for cancer therapy. Ion channels are attractive targets because many of them are expressed at the plasma membrane and a broad range of existing inhibitors are already in clinical use for other indications. However, many of the ion channels identified in cancer cells are also active in healthy normal cells, so there is a risk that certain blockers may have off-target effects on normal physiological function. This review describes recent research advances into ion channel inhibitors as anticancer therapeutics. A growing body of evidence suggests that a range of existing and novel Na+, K+, Ca2+ and Cl- channel inhibitors may be effective for suppressing cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion, as well as enhancing apoptosis, leading to suppression of tumour growth and metastasis, either alone or in combination with standard-of-care therapies. The majority of evidence to date is based on preclinical in vitro and in vivo studies, although there are several examples of ion channel-targeting strategies now reaching early phase clinical trials. Given the strong links between ion channel function and regulation of tumour growth, metastasis and chemotherapy resistance, it is likely that further work in this area will facilitate the development of new therapeutic approaches which will reach the clinic in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dimitris Lagos
- Hull York Medical School, York, UK
- York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, York, UK
| | - William J Brackenbury
- Department of Biology, University of York, York, UK.
- York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, York, UK.
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44
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Wrzosek A, Augustynek B, Żochowska M, Szewczyk A. Mitochondrial Potassium Channels as Druggable Targets. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E1200. [PMID: 32824877 PMCID: PMC7466137 DOI: 10.3390/biom10081200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial potassium channels have been described as important factors in cell pro-life and death phenomena. The activation of mitochondrial potassium channels, such as ATP-regulated or calcium-activated large conductance potassium channels, may have cytoprotective effects in cardiac or neuronal tissue. It has also been shown that inhibition of the mitochondrial Kv1.3 channel may lead to cancer cell death. Hence, in this paper, we examine the concept of the druggability of mitochondrial potassium channels. To what extent are mitochondrial potassium channels an important, novel, and promising drug target in various organs and tissues? The druggability of mitochondrial potassium channels will be discussed within the context of channel molecular identity, the specificity of potassium channel openers and inhibitors, and the unique regulatory properties of mitochondrial potassium channels. Future prospects of the druggability concept of mitochondrial potassium channels will be evaluated in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Adam Szewczyk
- Laboratory of Intracellular Ion Channels, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (A.W.); (B.A.); (M.Ż.)
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45
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Cecchetto C, Maschietto M, Boccaccio P, Vassanelli S. Electromagnetic field affects the voltage-dependent potassium channel Kv1.3. Electromagn Biol Med 2020; 39:316-322. [DOI: 10.1080/15368378.2020.1799386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Cecchetto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Italy, Padova, Italy
- Optical Neuroimaging Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, Okinawa, Japan
| | - M. Maschietto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Italy, Padova, Italy
| | - P. Boccaccio
- Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, Legnaro, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Padova, Italy
| | - S. Vassanelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Italy, Padova, Italy
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46
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Böhme I, Schönherr R, Eberle J, Bosserhoff AK. Membrane Transporters and Channels in Melanoma. Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 181:269-374. [PMID: 32737752 DOI: 10.1007/112_2020_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recent research has revealed that ion channels and transporters can be important players in tumor development, progression, and therapy resistance in melanoma. For example, members of the ABC family were shown to support cancer stemness-like features in melanoma cells, while several members of the TRP channel family were reported to act as tumor suppressors.Also, many transporter proteins support tumor cell viability and thus suppress apoptosis induction by anticancer therapy. Due to the high number of ion channels and transporters and the resulting high complexity of the field, progress in understanding is often focused on single molecules and is in total rather slow. In this review, we aim at giving an overview about a broad subset of ion transporters, also illustrating some aspects of the field, which have not been addressed in detail in melanoma. In context with the other chapters in this special issue on "Transportome Malfunctions in the Cancer Spectrum," a comparison between melanoma and these tumors will be possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Böhme
- Institute of Biochemistry, Emil Fischer Center, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Roland Schönherr
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena and Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Jürgen Eberle
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Skin Cancer Center Charité, University Medical Center Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anja Katrin Bosserhoff
- Institute of Biochemistry, Emil Fischer Center, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany. .,Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC) Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany.
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47
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Encapsulation of phycocyanin by prebiotics and polysaccharides-based electrospun fibers and improved colon cancer prevention effects. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 149:672-681. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.01.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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48
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Gaudino F, Manfredonia I, Managò A, Audrito V, Raffaelli N, Vaisitti T, Deaglio S. Subcellular Characterization of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Biosynthesis in Metastatic Melanoma by Using Organelle-Specific Biosensors. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 31:1150-1165. [PMID: 31456414 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Aim: Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) plays central roles in a wide array of normal and pathological conditions. Inhibition of NAD+ biosynthesis can be exploited therapeutically in cancer, including melanoma. To obtain quantitation of NAD+ levels in live cells and to address the issue of the compartmentalization of NAD+ biosynthesis, we exploited a recently described genetically encoded NAD+ biosensor (LigA-circularly permutated Venus), which was targeted to the cytosol, mitochondria, and nuclei of BRAF-V600E A375 melanoma cells, a model of metastatic melanoma (MM). Results: FK866, a specific inhibitor of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), the main NAD+-producing enzyme in MM cells, was used to monitor NAD+ depletion kinetics at the subcellular level in biosensor-transduced A375 cells. In addition, we treated FK866-blocked A375 cells with NAD+ precursors, including nicotinamide, nicotinic acid, nicotinamide riboside, and quinolinic acid, highlighting an organelle-specific capacity of each substrate to rescue from NAMPT block. Expression of NAD+ biosynthetic enzymes was then biochemically studied in isolated organelles, revealing the presence of NAMPT in all three cellular compartments, whereas nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase was predominantly cytosolic and mitochondrial, and nicotinamide riboside kinase mitochondrial and nuclear. In keeping with biosensor data, quinolinate phosphoribosyltransferase was expressed at extremely low levels. Innovation and Conclusions: Throughout this work, we validated the use of genetically encoded NAD+ biosensors to characterize subcellular distribution of NAD+ production routes in MM. The chance of real-time monitoring of NAD+ fluctuations after chemical perturbations, together with a deeper comprehension of the cofactor biosynthesis compartmentalization, strengthens the foundation for a targeted strategy of NAD+ pool manipulation in cancer and metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Gaudino
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Antonella Managò
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Nadia Raffaelli
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Food and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Tiziana Vaisitti
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Silvia Deaglio
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Teisseyre A, Palko-Labuz A, Sroda-Pomianek K, Michalak K. Voltage-Gated Potassium Channel Kv1.3 as a Target in Therapy of Cancer. Front Oncol 2019; 9:933. [PMID: 31612103 PMCID: PMC6769076 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated potassium channel Kv1.3 is an integral membrane protein, which is selectively permeable for potassium ions and is activated upon a change of membrane potential. Channel activation enables transportation of potassium ions down their electrochemical gradient. Kv1.3 channel is expressed in many cell types, both normal and cancer. Activity of the channel plays an important role in cell proliferation and apoptosis. Inhibition of Kv1.3 channel may be beneficial in therapy of several diseases including some cancer disorders. This review focuses on Kv1.3 channel as a new potentially attractive molecular target in cancer therapy. In the first part, changes in the channel expression in selected cancer disorders are described. Then, the role of the channel activity in cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis is presented. Finally, it is shown that some low molecular weight organic inhibitors of the channel including selected biologically active plant-derived polycyclic compounds may selectively induce apoptosis of Kv1.3-expressing cancer cells while sparing normal cells and healthy organs. These compounds may be promising candidates for putative application in therapy of some cancer disorders, such as melanoma, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), or B-type chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Teisseyre
- Department of Biophysics, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Anna Palko-Labuz
- Department of Biophysics, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | | | - Krystyna Michalak
- Department of Biophysics, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
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50
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Hu T, Buus TB, Krejsgaard T, Nansen A, Lundholt BK, Spee P, Fredholm S, Petersen DL, Blümel E, Gluud M, Monteiro MN, Willerslev-Olsen A, Andersen MH, Straten PT, Met Ö, Stolearenco V, Fogh H, Gniadecki R, Nastasi C, Litman T, Woetmann A, Gjerdrum LMR, Ødum N. Expression and function of Kv1.3 channel in malignant T cells in Sézary syndrome. Oncotarget 2019; 10:4894-4906. [PMID: 31448055 PMCID: PMC6690676 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The voltage-gated potassium channel Kv1.3 (KCNA3) is expressed by a subset of chronically activated memory T cells and plays an important role in their activation and proliferation. Here, we show that primary malignant T cells isolated from patients with Sézary syndrome (SS) express Kv1.3 and are sensitive to potent Kv1.3 inhibitors ShK and Vm24, but not sensitive to a less potent inhibitor [N17A/F32T]-AnTx. Kv1.3 blockade inhibits CD3/CD28-induced proliferation and IL-9 expression by SS cells in a concentration-dependent manner. In parallel, CD3/CD28-mediated CD25 induction is inhibited, whereas Kv1.3 blockade has no effect on apoptosis or cell death as judged by Annexin V and PI staining. In conclusion, we provide the first evidence that malignant T cells in SS express functional Kv1.3 channels and that Kv1.3 blockade inhibits activation-induced proliferation as well as cytokine and cytokine receptor expression in malignant T cells, suggesting that Kv1.3 is a potential target for therapy in SS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengpeng Hu
- LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Terkild Brink Buus
- LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thorbjørn Krejsgaard
- LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anneline Nansen
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Zealand Pharma A/S, Glostrup, Denmark
| | | | | | - Simon Fredholm
- LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - David Leander Petersen
- LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Edda Blümel
- LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maria Gluud
- LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Madalena N. Monteiro
- LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas Willerslev-Olsen
- LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mads Hald Andersen
- LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, Department of Hematology, Copenhagen University Hospital at Herlev, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Per thor Straten
- LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, Department of Hematology, Copenhagen University Hospital at Herlev, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Özcan Met
- LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, Department of Hematology, Copenhagen University Hospital at Herlev, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Veronica Stolearenco
- LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hanne Fogh
- Department of Dermatology, Copenhagen University Hospital at Bispebjerg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Robert Gniadecki
- Department of Dermatology, Copenhagen University Hospital at Bispebjerg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Claudia Nastasi
- LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Litman
- LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders Woetmann
- LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Niels Ødum
- LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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