1
|
Lu L, Ye Y, Chen Y, Feng L, Huang J, Liang Q, Lan Z, Dong Q, Liu X, Li Y, Zhang X, Ou JS, Chen A, Yan J. Oxidized phospholipid POVPC contributes to vascular calcification by triggering ferroptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23592. [PMID: 38581243 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202302570r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Vascular calcification is an actively regulated biological process resembling bone formation, and osteogenic differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) plays a crucial role in this process. 1-Palmitoyl-2-(5'-oxo-valeroyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POVPC), an oxidized phospholipid, is found in atherosclerotic plaques and has been shown to induce oxidative stress. However, the effects of POVPC on osteogenic differentiation and calcification of VSMCs have yet to be studied. In the present study, we investigated the role of POVPC in vascular calcification using in vitro and ex vivo models. POVPC increased mineralization of VSMCs and arterial rings, as shown by alizarin red staining. In addition, POVPC treatment increased expression of osteogenic markers Runx2 and BMP2, indicating that POVPC promotes osteogenic transition of VSMCs. Moreover, POVPC increased oxidative stress and impaired mitochondria function of VSMCs, as shown by increased ROS levels, impairment of mitochondrial membrane potential, and decreased ATP levels. Notably, ferroptosis triggered by POVPC was confirmed by increased levels of intracellular ROS, lipid ROS, and MDA, which were decreased by ferrostatin-1, a ferroptosis inhibitor. Furthermore, ferrostatin-1 attenuated POVPC-induced calcification of VSMCs. Taken together, our study for the first time demonstrates that POVPC promotes vascular calcification via activation of VSMC ferroptosis. Reducing the levels of POVPC or inhibiting ferroptosis might provide a novel strategy to treat vascular calcification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lihe Lu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Zhongshan Medical School, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanzhi Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yajun Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liyun Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiali Huang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Zhongshan Medical School, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingchun Liang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zirong Lan
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianqian Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yining Li
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiuli Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Song Ou
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, NHC key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - An Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianyun Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sun X, Yang Y, Zhao W, Wang M, Chen Y, Wang J, Yang D, Yang Y. MTMR7 suppresses the phenotypic switching of vascular smooth muscle cell and vascular intimal hyperplasia after injury via regulating p62/mTORC1-mediated glucose metabolism. Atherosclerosis 2024; 390:117470. [PMID: 38342025 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2024.117470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Myotubularin-related protein 7 (MTMR7) suppresses proliferation in various cell types and is associated with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. However, whether MTMR7 regulates vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) and vascular intimal hyperplasia remains unclear. We explored the role of MTMR7 in phenotypic switching of VSMC and vascular intimal hyperplasia after injury. METHODS AND RESULTS MTMR7 expression was significantly downregulated in injured arteries. Compared to wild type (WT) mice, Mtmr7-transgenic (Mtmr7-Tg) mice showed reduced intima/media ratio, decreased percentage of Ki-67-positive cells within neointima, and increased Calponin expression in injured artery. In vitro, upregulating MTMR7 by Len-Mtmr7 transfection inhibited platelet derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB-induced proliferation, migration of VSMC and reversed PDGF-BB-induced decrease in expression of Calponin and SM-MHC. Microarray, single cell sequence, and other bioinformatics analysis revealed that MTMR7 is highly related to glucose metabolism and mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1). Further experiments confirmed that MTMR7 markedly repressed glycolysis and mTORC1 activity in PDGF-BB-challenged VSMC in vitro. Restoring mTORC1 activity abolished MTMR7-mediated suppression of glycolysis, phenotypic shift in VSMC in vitro and protection against vascular intimal hyperplasia in vivo. Furthermore, upregulating MTMR7 in vitro led to dephosphorylation and dissociation of p62 from mTORC1 in VSMC. External expression of p62 in vitro also abrogated the inhibitory effects of MTMR7 on glycolysis and phenotypic switching in PDGF-BB-stimulated VSMC. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates that MTMR7 inhibits injury-induced vascular intimal hyperplasia and phenotypic switching of VSMC. Mechanistically, the beneficial effects of MTMR7 are conducted via suppressing p62/mTORC1-mediated glycolysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiongshan Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yao Yang
- From the Department of Pharmacy, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Weiwei Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingliang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yingmei Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Dachun Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Yongjian Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Iusupova AO, Pakhtusov NN, Slepova OA, Belenkov YN, Privalova EV, Bure IV, Vetchinkina EA, Nemtsova MV. MiRNA-21a, miRNA-145, and miRNA-221 Expression and Their Correlations with WNT Proteins in Patients with Obstructive and Non-Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17613. [PMID: 38139440 PMCID: PMC10744268 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs and the WNT signaling cascade regulate the pathogenetic mechanisms of atherosclerotic coronary artery disease (CAD) development. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the expression of microRNAs (miR-21a, miR-145, and miR-221) and the role of the WNT signaling cascade (WNT1, WNT3a, WNT4, and WNT5a) in obstructive CAD and ischemia with no obstructive coronary arteries (INOCA). METHOD The cross-sectional observational study comprised 94 subjects. The expression of miR-21a, miR-145, miR-221 (RT-PCR) and the protein levels of WNT1, WNT3a, WNT4, WNT5a, LRP6, and SIRT1 (ELISA) were estimated in the plasma of 20 patients with INOCA (66.5 [62.8; 71.2] years; 25% men), 44 patients with obstructive CAD (64.0 [56.5; 71,0] years; 63.6% men), and 30 healthy volunteers without risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). RESULTS Higher levels of WNT1 (0.189 [0.184; 0.193] ng/mL vs. 0.15 [0.15-0.16] ng/mL, p < 0.001) and WNT3a (0.227 [0.181; 0.252] vs. 0.115 [0.07; 0.16] p < 0.001) were found in plasma samples from patients with obstructive CAD, whereas the INOCA group was characterized by higher concentrations of WNT4 (0.345 [0.278; 0.492] ng/mL vs. 0.203 [0.112; 0.378] ng/mL, p = 0.025) and WNT5a (0.17 [0.16; 0.17] ng/mL vs. 0.01 [0.007; 0.018] ng/mL, p < 0.001). MiR-221 expression level was higher in all CAD groups compared to the control group (p < 0.001), whereas miR-21a was more highly expressed in the control group than in the obstructive (p = 0.012) and INOCA (p = 0.003) groups. Correlation analysis revealed associations of miR-21a expression with WNT1 (r = -0.32; p = 0.028) and SIRT1 (r = 0.399; p = 0.005) protein levels in all CAD groups. A positive correlation between miR-145 expression and the WNT4 protein level was observed in patients with obstructive CAD (r = 0.436; p = 0.016). Based on multivariate regression analysis, a mathematical model was constructed that predicts the type of coronary lesion. WNT3a and LRP6 were the independent predictors of INOCA (p < 0.001 and p = 0.002, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Activation of the canonical cascade of WNT-β-catenin prevailed in patients with obstructive CAD, whereas in the INOCA and control groups, the activity of the non-canonical pathway was higher. It can be assumed that miR-21a has a negative effect on the formation of atherosclerotic CAD. Alternatively, miR-145 could be involved in the development of coronary artery obstruction, presumably through the regulation of the WNT4 protein. A mathematical model with WNT3a and LRP6 as predictors allows for the prediction of the type of coronary artery lesion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alfiya Oskarovna Iusupova
- Department of Hospital Therapy No 1, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia (O.A.S.); (Y.N.B.)
| | - Nikolay Nikolaevich Pakhtusov
- Department of Hospital Therapy No 1, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia (O.A.S.); (Y.N.B.)
| | - Olga Alexandrovna Slepova
- Department of Hospital Therapy No 1, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia (O.A.S.); (Y.N.B.)
| | - Yuri Nikitich Belenkov
- Department of Hospital Therapy No 1, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia (O.A.S.); (Y.N.B.)
| | - Elena Vitalievna Privalova
- Department of Hospital Therapy No 1, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia (O.A.S.); (Y.N.B.)
| | - Irina Vladimirovna Bure
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (I.V.B.); (E.A.V.); (M.V.N.)
- Research Institute of Molecular and Personalized Medicine, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, 125445 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Alexandrovna Vetchinkina
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (I.V.B.); (E.A.V.); (M.V.N.)
| | - Marina Vyacheslavovna Nemtsova
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (I.V.B.); (E.A.V.); (M.V.N.)
- Laboratory of Epigenetics, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Phadwal K, Tan X, Koo E, Zhu D, MacRae VE. Metformin ameliorates valve interstitial cell calcification by promoting autophagic flux. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21435. [PMID: 38052777 PMCID: PMC10698150 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47774-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is the most common heart disease of the developed world. It has previously been established that metformin administration reduces arterial calcification via autophagy; however, whether metformin directly regulates CAVD has yet to be elucidated. In the present study we investigated whether metformin alleviates valvular calcification through the autophagy-mediated recycling of Runx2. Calcification was reduced in rat valve interstitial cells (RVICs) by metformin treatment (0.5-1.5 mM) (P < 0.01), with a marked decrease in Runx2 protein expression compared to control cells (P < 0.05). Additionally, upregulated expression of Atg3 and Atg7 (key proteins required for autophagosome formation), was observed following metformin treatment (1 mM). Blocking autophagic flux using Bafilomycin-A1 revealed colocalisation of Runx2 with LC3 puncta in metformin treated RVICs (P < 0.001). Comparable Runx2 accumulation was seen in LC3 positive autolysosomes present within cells that had been treated with both metformin and hydroxychloroquine in combination (P < 0.001). Mechanistic studies employing three-way co-immunoprecipitation with Runx2, p62 and LC3 suggested that Runx2 binds to LC3-II upon metformin treatment in VICs. Together these studies suggest that the utilisation of metformin may represent a novel strategy for the treatment of CAVD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Phadwal
- The Roslin Institute & R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK.
| | - X Tan
- The Roslin Institute & R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - E Koo
- The Roslin Institute & R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK
| | - D Zhu
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - V E MacRae
- The Roslin Institute & R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang YR, Liu SM, Chen Y, Zhang LS, Ji DR, Zhao J, Yu YR, Jia MZ, Tang CS, Huang W, Zhou YB, Chai SB, Qi YF. Intermedin alleviates diabetic vascular calcification by inhibiting GLUT1 through activation of the cAMP/PKA signaling pathway. Atherosclerosis 2023; 385:117342. [PMID: 37879153 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2023.117342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Vascular calcification (VC) is regarded as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetic patients. Glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) involves VC. Intermedin/Adrenomedullin-2 (IMD/ADM2) is a cardiovascular protective peptide that can inhibit multiple disease-associated VC. However, the role and mechanism of IMD in diabetic VC remain unclear. Here, we investigated whether IMD inhibits diabetic VC by inhibiting GLUT1. METHODS AND RESULTS It was found that plasma IMD concentration was significantly decreased in type 2 diabetic patients and in fructose-induced diabetic rats compared with that in controls. Plasma IMD content was inversely correlated with fasting blood glucose level and VC severity. IMD alleviated VC in fructose-induced diabetic rats. Deficiency of Adm2 aggravated and Adm2 overexpression attenuated VC in high-fat diet-induced diabetic mice. In vitro, IMD mitigated high glucose-induced calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Mechanistically, IMD reduced advanced glycation end products (AGEs) content and the level of receptor for AGEs (RAGE). IMD decreased glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) levels. The inhibitory effect of IMD on RAGE protein level was blocked by GLUT1 knockdown. GLUT1 knockdown abolished the effect of IMD on alleviating VSMC calcification. IMD receptor antagonist IMD17-47 and cyclic adenosine monophosphate/protein kinase A (cAMP/PKA) inhibitor H89 abolished the inhibitory effects of IMD on GLUT1 and VSMC calcification. CONCLUSIONS These findings revealed that IMD exerted its anti-calcification effect by inhibiting GLUT1, providing a novel therapeutic target for diabetic VC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Rong Zhang
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Bioactive Molecule, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100083, China; StateKey Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, 100083, China; Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Shi-Meng Liu
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Bioactive Molecule, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100083, China; StateKey Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, 100083, China; Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Bioactive Molecule, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100083, China; StateKey Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, 100083, China; Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Lin-Shuang Zhang
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Bioactive Molecule, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100083, China; StateKey Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, 100083, China; Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Deng-Ren Ji
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Bioactive Molecule, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100083, China; StateKey Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, 100083, China; Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Bioactive Molecule, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100083, China; StateKey Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, 100083, China; Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yan-Rong Yu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Mo-Zhi Jia
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Chao-Shu Tang
- StateKey Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Wei Huang
- StateKey Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Ye-Bo Zhou
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
| | - San-Bao Chai
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, 102206, China.
| | - Yong-Fen Qi
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Bioactive Molecule, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100083, China; StateKey Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, 100083, China; Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chen ZY, Yang J, Tian CY, Jia W. The Relationship Between Bone Metabolism and Peripheral Artery Disease in Patients on Hemodialysis: The Potential Role of Osteocalcin. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2023; 16:3331-3337. [PMID: 37908632 PMCID: PMC10614643 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s432345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction To examine the factors associated with PAD, with a specific focus on bone metabolism factors such as osteocalcin. Methods This cross-sectional study examined factors about demographic, clinical, and laboratory parameters including bone metabolism biomarkers in hemodialysis patients. The ankle-brachial index (ABI) was measured in all patients, with PAD diagnosed as an ABI <0.9. Results Out of the 71 patients, PAD was found in 23 individuals. These patients had an average age of 63.5±13.0 years, with 59.2% being male. Compared to non-PAD patients, those with PAD were older, had a lower proportion of males, and had a higher prevalence of diabetes and coronary artery disease. Among the factors related to bone metabolism, only osteocalcin exhibited a significant increase in the PAD group compared to the non-PAD group. Conclusion PAD in patients on hemodialysis was independently linked to high levels of osteocalcin in the bloodstream, indicating the presence of bone metabolism disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Ye Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chen-Yang Tian
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Jia
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yang S, Zeng Z, Yuan Q, Chen Q, Wang Z, Xie H, Liu J. Vascular calcification: from the perspective of crosstalk. MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE 2023; 4:35. [PMID: 37851172 PMCID: PMC10584806 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-023-00146-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification (VC) is highly correlated with cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality, but anti-VC treatment remains an area to be tackled due to the ill-defined molecular mechanisms. Regardless of the type of VC, it does not depend on a single cell but involves multi-cells/organs to form a complex cellular communication network through the vascular microenvironment to participate in the occurrence and development of VC. Therefore, focusing only on the direct effect of pathological factors on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) tends to overlook the combined effect of other cells and VSMCs, including VSMCs-VSMCs, ECs-VMSCs, Macrophages-VSMCs, etc. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a collective term for tiny vesicles with a membrane structure that are actively secreted by cells, and almost all cells secrete EVs. EVs docked on the surface of receptor cells can directly mediate signal transduction or transfer their contents into the cell to elicit a functional response from the receptor cells. They have been proven to participate in the VC process and have also shown attractive therapeutic prospects. Based on the advantages of EVs and the ability to be detected in body fluids, they may become a novel therapeutic agent, drug delivery vehicle, diagnostic and prognostic biomarker, and potential therapeutic target in the future. This review focuses on the new insight into VC molecular mechanisms from the perspective of crosstalk, summarizes how multi-cells/organs interactions communicate via EVs to regulate VC and the emerging potential of EVs as therapeutic methods in VC. We also summarize preclinical experiments on crosstalk-based and the current state of clinical studies on VC-related measures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Yang
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Hengyang Medical School, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaolin Zeng
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Hengyang Medical School, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Qing Yuan
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Hengyang Medical School, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Hengyang Medical School, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Zuo Wang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Hui Xie
- Department of Orthopaedics, Movement System Injury and Repair Research Centre, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Jianghua Liu
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Hengyang Medical School, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chen J, Yu H, Tan X, Mok SWF, Xie Y, Wang Y, Jiang X, Macrae VE, Lan L, Fu X, Zhu D. PFKFB3-driven vascular smooth muscle cell glycolysis promotes vascular calcification via the altered FoxO3 and lactate production. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23182. [PMID: 37682013 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202300900r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
A link between increased glycolysis and vascular calcification has recently been reported, but it remains unclear how increased glycolysis contributes to vascular calcification. We therefore investigated the role of PFKFB3, a critical enzyme of glycolysis, in vascular calcification. We found that PFKFB3 expression was upregulated in calcified mouse VSMCs and arteries. We showed that expression of miR-26a-5p and miR-26b-5p in calcified mouse arteries was significantly decreased, and a negative correlation between Pfkfb3 mRNA expression and miR-26a-5p or miR-26b-5p was seen in these samples. Overexpression of miR-26a/b-5p significantly inhibited PFKFB3 expression in VSMCs. Intriguingly, pharmacological inhibition of PFKFB3 using PFK15 or knockdown of PFKFB3 ameliorated vascular calcification in vD3 -overloaded mice in vivo or attenuated high phosphate (Pi)-induced VSMC calcification in vitro. Consistently, knockdown of PFKFB3 significantly reduced glycolysis and osteogenic transdifferentiation of VSMCs, whereas overexpression of PFKFB3 in VSMCs induced the opposite effects. RNA-seq analysis and subsequent experiments revealed that silencing of PFKFB3 inhibited FoxO3 expression in VSMCs. Silencing of FoxO3 phenocopied the effects of PFKFB3 depletion on Ocn and Opg expression but not Alpl in VSMCs. Pyruvate or lactate supplementation, the product of glycolysis, reversed the PFKFB3 depletion-mediated effects on ALP activity and OPG protein expression in VSMCs. Our results reveal that blockade of PFKFB3-mediated glycolysis inhibits vascular calcification in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, we show that FoxO3 and lactate production are involved in PFKFB3-driven osteogenic transdifferentiation of VSMCs. PFKFB3 may be a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of vascular calcification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Chen
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongjiao Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Tan
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Simon Wing Fai Mok
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Yuchen Xie
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yueheng Wang
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xueyan Jiang
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Vicky E Macrae
- Functional Genetics and Development, The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, UK
| | - Lan Lan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaodong Fu
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongxing Zhu
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ungureanu MC, Bilha SC, Hogas M, Velicescu C, Leustean L, Teodoriu LC, Preda C. Preptin: A New Bone Metabolic Parameter? Metabolites 2023; 13:991. [PMID: 37755271 PMCID: PMC10537071 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13090991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Preptin is a 34-aminoacid peptide derived from the E-peptide of pro-insulin-like growth factor 2 (pro-IGF2) that is co-secreted with insulin and upregulates glucose-mediated insulin secretion. High serum preptin levels were described in conditions associated with insulin resistance, such as polycystic ovary syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2M). Insulin and also IGF2 are known to be anabolic bone hormones. The "sweet bone" in T2M usually associates increased density, but altered microarchitecture. Therefore, preptin was proposed to be one of the energy regulatory hormones that positively impacts bone health. Experimental data demonstrate a beneficial impact of preptin upon the osteoblasts. Preptin also appears to regulate osteocalcin secretion, which in turn regulates insulin sensitivity. Preptin is greatly influenced by the glucose tolerance status and the level of physical exercise, both influencing the bone mass. Clinical studies describe low serum preptin concentrations in osteoporosis in both men and women, therefore opening the way towards considering preptin a potential bone anabolic therapy. The current review addresses the relationship between preptin and bone mass and metabolism in the experimental and clinical setting, also considering the effects of preptin on carbohydrate metabolism and the pancreatic-bone loop.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Christina Ungureanu
- Endocrinology Department, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.-C.U.)
| | - Stefana Catalina Bilha
- Endocrinology Department, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.-C.U.)
| | - Mihai Hogas
- Physiology Department, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Cristian Velicescu
- Surgery Department, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Letitia Leustean
- Endocrinology Department, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.-C.U.)
| | - Laura Claudia Teodoriu
- Endocrinology Department, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.-C.U.)
| | - Cristina Preda
- Endocrinology Department, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.-C.U.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ren Y, Zhao D, Bo Y, Cheng J. Non-linear relationship between serum osteocalcin and diabetic retinopathy in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Clin Chim Acta 2023; 549:117552. [PMID: 37709110 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with diabetic retinopathy (DR), but effective interventions are lacking. The relationship between osteocalcin (OC) and DR in postmenopausal women with T2DM is understudied. METHODS This study examined 950 postmenopausal women with T2DM (T2DR group: n = 299; T2DM group: n = 651). RESULTS Significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed between the groups in disease duration, age, gender, body mass index (BMI), glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), parathyroid hormone (PTH), total type I collagen amino acid-prolonging peptide (TPINP), OC, and 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D3). Logistic regression revealed associations of LDL-C, PTH, and 25(OH)D3 with DR. A non-linear relationship (p < 0.05) between OC and DR was found. The lowest DR risk occurred at OC levels of 15.0-25.3 ng/ml (OR, 0.66; 95 % CI, 0.44, 0.98) compared to 11.1-15.0 ng/ml. Risk remained unchanged below 11.1 ng/ml or above 25.3 ng/ml. CONCLUSION In conclusion, among postmenopausal women with T2DM, OC levels showed a non-linear relationship with DR. Optimal OC levels (15.0-25.3 ng/ml) were associated with minimal DR occurrence, while risk was constant below 11.1 ng/ml or above 25.3 ng/ml. Maintaining optimal OC levels may reduce DR risk in this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yishu Ren
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213000, China
| | - Dan Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213000, China
| | - Yawen Bo
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213000, China
| | - Jinluo Cheng
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Xiong L, Chen QQ, Cheng Y, Lan YS, Yang JB, Wen XQ, Xie X, Kang T, Wu WH, Ou S. The relationship between coronary artery calcification and bone metabolic markers in maintenance hemodialysis patients. BMC Nephrol 2023; 24:238. [PMID: 37582785 PMCID: PMC10428586 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-023-03286-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To study the influencing factors for coronary artery calcification (CAC) in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients and the relationship between CAC and bone metabolism markers and to attempt to find a reliable marker linking vascular calcification and bone metabolism in MHD patients. METHODS A total of 123 patients were enrolled. CAC was assessed by multislice spiral computed tomography (MSCT), and the CAC score (CACS) was evaluated using the Agaston method. Routine laboratory parameters, including triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), glucose (Glu), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), magnesium (Mg), etc., were measured. Serum markers of bone metabolism, such as alkaline phosphatase(ALP), calcitonin (CT), 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25-(OH)D], intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), total type I procollagen amino-terminal peptide (tPINP), N-terminal mid-fragment of osteocalcin (N-MID OC), and β-type I collagen crosslinked carboxyl-terminal peptide (β-CTX), were also measured. RESULTS Among 123 MHD patients, 37 patients (30.08%) did not have CAC, and 86 patients (69.92%) had CAC, including 41 patients (47.67%) with mild calcification and 45 patients (52.33%) with moderate to severe calcification. Age, Body Mass Index(BMI), the prevalence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus, TC, Glu, P, and Ca×P in the calcification group were higher than those in the noncalcification group, whereas Mg, iPTH, tPINP, N-MID OC, and β-CTX were lower than those in the noncalcified group (P < 0.05). Compared with the mild calcification group (0 0.05). A logistic regression model was used to evaluate the influencing factors for CAC. The results showed that age, BMI, TC, Glu, P, and Ca×P were risk factors for CAC and its severity in MHD patients, whereas diabetes mellitus, Mg, and N-MID OC were protective factors for CAC in MHD patients. In addition, N-MID OC was a protective factor for the severity of CAC. After adjusting for the corresponding confounding factors, the results of the risk factors were consistent, and N-MID OC was still an independent protective factor for CAC and its severity. CONCLUSIONS Elevated serum P and Ca×P were independent risk factors for CAC in MHD patients, and serum Mg may be an independent protective factor for CAC. CAC was closely related to abnormal bone metabolism and bone metabolic markers in MHD patients. Relatively low bone turnover can promote the occurrence and development of CAC. N-MID OC may be a reliable bone metabolic marker linking vascular calcification and bone metabolism in MHD patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Xiong
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 25th Taiping Street, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Qi-Qi Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 25th Taiping Street, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yong Cheng
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan, China;, China
| | - Yong-Shu Lan
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan, China;, China
| | - Jian-Bo Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan, China;, China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiang-Qiong Wen
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 25th Taiping Street, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Xie
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 25th Taiping Street, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Ting Kang
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 25th Taiping Street, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei-Hua Wu
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 25th Taiping Street, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Santao Ou
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 25th Taiping Street, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zheng XQ, Lin JL, Huang J, Wu T, Song CL. Targeting aging with the healthy skeletal system: The endocrine role of bone. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2023; 24:695-711. [PMID: 37402956 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-023-09812-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Aging is an inevitable biological process, and longevity may be related to bone health. Maintaining strong bone health can extend one's lifespan, but the exact mechanism is unclear. Bone and extraosseous organs, including the heart and brain, have complex and precise communication mechanisms. In addition to its load bearing capacity, the skeletal system secretes cytokines, which play a role in bone regulation of extraosseous organs. FGF23, OCN, and LCN2 are three representative bone-derived cytokines involved in energy metabolism, endocrine homeostasis and systemic chronic inflammation levels. Today, advanced research methods provide new understandings of bone as a crucial endocrine organ. For example, gene editing technology enables bone-specific conditional gene knockout models, which allows the study of bone-derived cytokines to be more precise. We systematically evaluated the various effects of bone-derived cytokines on extraosseous organs and their possible antiaging mechanism. Targeting aging with the current knowledge of the healthy skeletal system is a potential therapeutic strategy. Therefore, we present a comprehensive review that summarizes the current knowledge and provides insights for futures studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan-Qi Zheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Liang Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Li Song
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease Research, Beijing, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Pu Y, Lin X, Zhi Q, Qiao S, Yu C. Microporous Implants Modified by Bifunctional Hydrogel with Antibacterial and Osteogenic Properties Promote Bone Integration in Infected Bone Defects. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:jfb14040226. [PMID: 37103316 PMCID: PMC10143991 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14040226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Prosthesis implantation and bone integration under bacterial infection are arduous challenges in clinical practice. It is well known that the reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by bacterial infection around the bone defects will further hinder bone healing. To solve this problem, we prepared a ROS-scavenging hydrogel by cross-linking polyvinyl alcohol and a ROS-responsive linker, N1-(4-boronobenzyl)-N3-(4-boronophenyl)-N1, N1, N3, N3-tetramethylpropane-1, 3-diaminium, to modify the microporous titanium alloy implant. The prepared hydrogel was used as an advanced ROS-scavenging tool to promote bone healing by inhibiting the ROS levels around the implant. Bifunctional hydrogel serving as a drug delivery system can release therapeutic molecules, including vancomycin, to kill bacteria and bone morphogenetic protein-2 to induce bone regeneration and integration. This multifunctional implant system that combines mechanical support and disease microenvironment targeting provides a novel strategy for bone regeneration and integration of implants in infected bone defects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiping Pu
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200001, China
- Research Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Xuecai Lin
- Hongqiao Community Health Service Center, Minhang District, Shanghai 201103, China
| | - Qiang Zhi
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai 200011, China
- Department of Implant Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Shichong Qiao
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai 200011, China
- Department of Implant Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Chuangqi Yu
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200001, China
- Research Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai 200001, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
The Impact of Plasma Membrane Ion Channels on Bone Remodeling in Response to Mechanical Stress, Oxidative Imbalance, and Acidosis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030689. [PMID: 36978936 PMCID: PMC10045377 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The extracellular milieu is a rich source of different stimuli and stressors. Some of them depend on the chemical–physical features of the matrix, while others may come from the ‘outer’ environment, as in the case of mechanical loading applied on the bones. In addition to these forces, a plethora of chemical signals drives cell physiology and fate, possibly leading to dysfunctions when the homeostasis is disrupted. This variety of stimuli triggers different responses among the tissues: bones represent a particular milieu in which a fragile balance between mechanical and metabolic demands should be tuned and maintained by the concerted activity of cell biomolecules located at the interface between external and internal environments. Plasma membrane ion channels can be viewed as multifunctional protein machines that act as rapid and selective dual-nature hubs, sensors, and transducers. Here we focus on some multisensory ion channels (belonging to Piezo, TRP, ASIC/EnaC, P2XR, Connexin, and Pannexin families) actually or potentially playing a significant role in bone adaptation to three main stressors, mechanical forces, oxidative stress, and acidosis, through their effects on bone cells including mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteocytes. Ion channel-mediated bone remodeling occurs in physiological processes, aging, and human diseases such as osteoporosis, cancer, and traumatic events.
Collapse
|
15
|
Maddaloni E, Coraggio L, Amendolara R, Baroni MG, Cavallo MG, Copetti M, Cossu E, D'Angelo P, D'Onofrio L, Cosmo SD, Leonetti F, Morano S, Morviducci L, Napoli N, Prudente S, Pugliese G, Park K, Holman RR, Trischitta V, Buzzetti R. Association of osteocalcin, osteoprotegerin, and osteopontin with cardiovascular disease and retinopathy in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2023:e3632. [PMID: 36880127 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Novel biomarkers of vascular disease in diabetes could help identify new mechanistic pathways. Osteocalcin, osteoprotegerin, and osteopontin are key molecules involved in bone and vascular calcification processes, both of which are compromised in diabetes. We aimed to evaluate possible associations of osteocalcin, osteoprotegerin, and osteopontin with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) among people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). MATERIALS AND METHODS Osteocalcin, osteoprotegerin, and osteopontin concentrations were measured at enrolment in 848 participants with T2D from the Sapienza University Mortality and Morbidity Event Rate (SUMMER) Study (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02311244). Logistic regression models and propensity score matching were used to assess possible associations of osteocalcin, osteoprotegerin, and osteopontin with a history of CVD and with evidence of any grade of DR adjusting for confounders. RESULTS Previous CVD was reported in 139 (16.4%) participants, while 144 (17.0%) had DR. After adjusting for possible confounders, osteocalcin but not osteoprotegerin or osteopontin concentrations were associated with a history of CVD (Odds Ratio [OR] and 95% CI for one standard deviation (SD) increase in osteocalcin concentrations (natural log): 1.35 (1.06-1.72), p = 0.014). Associations with prevalent DR were seen for osteoprotegerin (OR for one SD increase in osteoprotegerin concentrations (natural log): 1.25 (1.01-1.55), p = 0.047) and osteopontin (OR for one SD increase in osteopontin concentrations (natural log): 1.25 (1.02-1.53), p = 0.022), but not osteocalcin. CONCLUSIONS In T2D, higher serum osteocalcin concentrations are associated with macrovascular complications and higher osteoprotegerin and osteopontin concentrations with microvascular complications, suggesting that these osteokines might be involved in pathways directly related to vascular disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto Maddaloni
- Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Diabetes Trials Unit, OCDEM, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Massimiliano Copetti
- Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Salvatore De Cosmo
- Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Sabrina Prudente
- Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Kyoungmin Park
- Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rury R Holman
- Diabetes Trials Unit, OCDEM, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Vincenzo Trischitta
- Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Rome, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
lncRNA MEG3 Promotes PDK4/GSK-3 β/ β-Catenin Axis in MEFs by Targeting miR-532-5p. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2023; 2023:3563663. [PMID: 36778210 PMCID: PMC9908332 DOI: 10.1155/2023/3563663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Studies reported the positive and negative osteogenic effects of MEG3 in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). This study aims at clarifying the osteogenic potential of MEG3 and the underlying mechanism. Bone morphogenetic protein 9- (BMP9-) transfected MSCs were recruited as an osteogenic model in vitro, and ectopic bone formation were used in vivo to explore the effect of MEG3 on osteogenesis. We found that overexpression of MEG3 facilitated BMP9-induced osteogenic markers, ALP activities, and matrix mineralization. However, knockdown of MEG3 attenuated BMP9-induced osteogenic markers. MEG3 increased the phosphorylation of GSK-3β and the protein level of β-catenin. Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) can also combine with GSK-3β and increase the latter phosphorylation. Moreover, MEG3 increased the mRNA level of PDK4. The ceRNA analysis showed that MEG3 may regulate the expression of PDK4 via microRNA 532-5p (miR-532-5p). The MEG3-enhanced GSK-3β/β-catenin axis can be attenuated by miR-532-5p, and miR-532-5p inhibitor partly rescued endogenous PDK4 and MEG3-mediated expression of PDK4. MEG3 may potentiate PDK4 and GSK-3β/β-catenin by inhibiting miR-532-5p.
Collapse
|
17
|
Phadwal K, Tang QY, Luijten I, Zhao JF, Corcoran B, Semple RK, Ganley IG, MacRae VE. p53 Regulates Mitochondrial Dynamics in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Calcification. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021643. [PMID: 36675156 PMCID: PMC9864220 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Arterial calcification is an important characteristic of cardiovascular disease. It has key parallels with skeletal mineralization; however, the underlying cellular mechanisms responsible are not fully understood. Mitochondrial dynamics regulate both bone and vascular function. In this study, we therefore examined mitochondrial function in vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) calcification. Phosphate (Pi)-induced VSMC calcification was associated with elongated mitochondria (1.6-fold increase, p < 0.001), increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production (1.83-fold increase, p < 0.001) and reduced mitophagy (9.6-fold decrease, p < 0.01). An increase in protein expression of optic atrophy protein 1 (OPA1; 2.1-fold increase, p < 0.05) and a converse decrease in expression of dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1; 1.5-fold decrease, p < 0.05), two crucial proteins required for the mitochondrial fusion and fission process, respectively, were noted. Furthermore, the phosphorylation of DRP1 Ser637 was increased in the cytoplasm of calcified VSMCs (5.50-fold increase), suppressing mitochondrial translocation of DRP1. Additionally, calcified VSMCs showed enhanced expression of p53 (2.5-fold increase, p < 0.05) and β-galactosidase activity (1.8-fold increase, p < 0.001), the cellular senescence markers. siRNA-mediated p53 knockdown reduced calcium deposition (8.1-fold decrease, p < 0.01), mitochondrial length (3.0-fold decrease, p < 0.001) and β-galactosidase activity (2.6-fold decrease, p < 0.001), with concomitant mitophagy induction (3.1-fold increase, p < 0.05). Reduced OPA1 (4.1-fold decrease, p < 0.05) and increased DRP1 protein expression (2.6-fold increase, p < 0.05) with decreased phosphorylation of DRP1 Ser637 (3.20-fold decrease, p < 0.001) was also observed upon p53 knockdown in calcifying VSMCs. In summary, we demonstrate that VSMC calcification promotes notable mitochondrial elongation and cellular senescence via DRP1 phosphorylation. Furthermore, our work indicates that p53-induced mitochondrial fusion underpins cellular senescence by reducing mitochondrial function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kanchan Phadwal
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK
- Correspondence:
| | - Qi-Yu Tang
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Ineke Luijten
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Jin-Feng Zhao
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation & Ubiquitylation Unit, Sir James Black Centre, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Brendan Corcoran
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Robert K. Semple
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Ian G. Ganley
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation & Ubiquitylation Unit, Sir James Black Centre, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Vicky E. MacRae
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Rapid induction and long-term self-renewal of neural crest-derived ectodermal chondrogenic cells from hPSCs. NPJ Regen Med 2022; 7:69. [PMID: 36477591 PMCID: PMC9729200 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-022-00265-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Articular cartilage is highly specific and has limited capacity for regeneration if damaged. Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) have the potential to generate any cell type in the body. Here, we report the dual-phase induction of ectodermal chondrogenic cells (ECCs) from hPSCs through the neural crest (NC). ECCs were able to self-renew long-term (over numerous passages) in a cocktail of growth factors and small molecules. The cells stably expressed cranial neural crest-derived mandibular condylar cartilage markers, such as MSX1, FOXC1 and FOXC2. Compared with chondroprogenitors from iPSCs via the paraxial mesoderm, ECCs had single-cell transcriptome profiles similar to condylar chondrocytes. After the removal of the cocktail sustaining self-renewal, the cells stopped proliferating and differentiated into a homogenous chondrocyte population. Remarkably, after transplantation, this cell lineage was able to form cartilage-like structures resembling mandibular condylar cartilage in vivo. This finding provides a framework to generate self-renewing cranial chondrogenic progenitors, which could be useful for developing cell-based therapy for cranial cartilage injury.
Collapse
|
19
|
Chen Y, Mao C, Gu R, Zhao R, Li W, Ma Z, Jia Y, Yu F, Luo J, Fu Y, Sun J, Kong W. Nidogen-2 is a Novel Endogenous Ligand of LGR4 to Inhibit Vascular Calcification. Circ Res 2022; 131:1037-1054. [PMID: 36354004 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.122.321614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular calcification is closely related to the all-cause mortality of cardiovascular events. Basement membrane protein nidogen-2 is a key component of the vascular extracellular matrix microenvironment and we recently found it is pivotal for the maintenance of contractile phenotype in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). However, whether nidogen-2 is involved in VSMCs osteochondrogenic transition and vascular calcification remains unclear. METHODS VSMCs was treated with high-phosphate to study VSMC calcification in vitro. Three different mice models (5/6 nephrectomy-induced chronic renal failure, cholecalciferol-overload, and periadventitially administered with CaCl2) were used to study vascular calcification in vivo. Membrane protein interactome, coimmunoprecipitation, flow cytometric binding assay, surface plasmon resonance, G protein signaling, VSMCs calcium assays were performed to clarify the phenotype and elucidate the molecular mechanisms. RESULTS Nidogen-2 protein levels were significantly reduced in calcified VSMCs and aortas from mice in different vascular calcification model. Nidogen-2 deficiency exacerbated high-phosphate-induced VSMC calcification, whereas the addition of purified nidogen-2 protein markedly alleviated VSMC calcification in vitro. Nidogen-2-/- mice exhibited aggravated aorta calcification compared to wild-type (WT) mice in response to 5/6 nephrectomy, cholecalciferol-overload, and CaCl2 administration. Further unbiased coimmunoprecipitation and interactome analysis of purified nidogen-2 and membrane protein in VSMCs revealed that nidogen-2 directly binds to LGR4 (leucine-rich repeat G-protein-coupled receptor 4) with KD value 26.77 nM. LGR4 deficiency in VSMCs in vitro or in vivo abolished the protective effect of nidogen-2 on vascular calcification. Of interest, nidogen-2 biased activated LGR4-Gαq-PKCα (protein kinase Cα)-AMPKα1 (AMP-activated protein kinase α1) signaling to counteract VSMCs osteogenic transition and mineralization. CONCLUSIONS Nidogen-2 is a novel endogenous ligand of LGR4 that biased activated Gαq- PKCα-AMPKα1 signaling and inhibited vascular calcification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Chen
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (Y.C., C.M., R.G., Z.M., Y.J., F.Y., Y.F., J.S., W.K.).,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China (Y.C., R.G., Z.M., Y.J., F.Y., Y.F., W.K.)
| | - Chenfeng Mao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (Y.C., C.M., R.G., Z.M., Y.J., F.Y., Y.F., J.S., W.K.).,Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, China (C.M.)
| | - Rui Gu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (Y.C., C.M., R.G., Z.M., Y.J., F.Y., Y.F., J.S., W.K.).,Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, China (C.M.)
| | - Rujia Zhao
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, China (R.Z., J.S.)
| | - Weihao Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China (W.L.)
| | - Zihan Ma
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (Y.C., C.M., R.G., Z.M., Y.J., F.Y., Y.F., J.S., W.K.).,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China (Y.C., R.G., Z.M., Y.J., F.Y., Y.F., W.K.)
| | - Yiting Jia
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (Y.C., C.M., R.G., Z.M., Y.J., F.Y., Y.F., J.S., W.K.).,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China (Y.C., R.G., Z.M., Y.J., F.Y., Y.F., W.K.)
| | - Fang Yu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (Y.C., C.M., R.G., Z.M., Y.J., F.Y., Y.F., J.S., W.K.).,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China (Y.C., R.G., Z.M., Y.J., F.Y., Y.F., W.K.)
| | - Jian Luo
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China (J.L.)
| | - Yi Fu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (Y.C., C.M., R.G., Z.M., Y.J., F.Y., Y.F., J.S., W.K.).,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China (Y.C., R.G., Z.M., Y.J., F.Y., Y.F., W.K.)
| | - Jinpeng Sun
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (Y.C., C.M., R.G., Z.M., Y.J., F.Y., Y.F., J.S., W.K.).,Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, China (R.Z., J.S.)
| | - Wei Kong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (Y.C., C.M., R.G., Z.M., Y.J., F.Y., Y.F., J.S., W.K.).,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China (Y.C., R.G., Z.M., Y.J., F.Y., Y.F., W.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Luo F, Guo W, Liu W. Exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells inhibit human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells calcification via the miR-15a/15b/16/NFATc3/OCN axis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 635:65-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.09.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
21
|
Transcriptomic profiling of calcified aortic valves in clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential carriers. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20400. [PMID: 36437309 PMCID: PMC9701688 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24130-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) is characterized by the presence of clones of mutated blood cells without overt blood diseases. In the last few years, it has emerged that CHIP is associated with atherosclerosis and coronary calcification and that it is an independent determinant of cardiovascular mortality. Recently, CHIP has been found to occur frequently in patients with calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) and it is associated with a poor prognosis after valve replacement. We assessed the frequency of CHIP by DNA sequencing in the blood cells of 168 CAVD patients undergoing surgical aortic valve replacement or transcatheter aortic valve implantation and investigated the effect of CHIP on 12 months survival. To investigate the pathological process of CAVD in CHIP carriers, we compared by RNA-Seq the aortic valve transcriptome of patients with or without CHIP and non-calcific controls. Transcriptomics data were validated by immunohistochemistry on formalin-embedded aortic valve samples. We confirm that CHIP is common in CAVD patients and that its presence is associated with higher mortality following valve replacement. Additionally, we show, for the first time, that CHIP is often accompanied by a broad cellular and humoral immune response in the explanted aortic valve. Our results suggest that an excessive inflammatory response in CHIP patients may be related to the onset and/or progression of CAVD and point to B cells as possible new effectors of CHIP-induced inflammation.
Collapse
|
22
|
Rui S, Kubota T, Ohata Y, Yamamoto K, Fujiwara M, Takeyari S, Ozono K. Phosphate promotes osteogenic differentiation through non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway in human mesenchymal stem cells. Bone 2022; 164:116525. [PMID: 35987514 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2022.116525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phosphate is indispensable in osteogenesis and mineralization. However, mechanisms by which phosphate enhances osteogenic differentiation are not fully understood. In this study, we studied the effect of phosphate on osteogenic differentiation as well as signaling pathways induced by phosphate in the process. METHOD Induced human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells differentiation into osteoblasts by the change of media containing β-glycerophosphate (GP), 1 mM inorganic phosphate, or 3 mM inorganic phosphate (Pi). The differentiation of osteoblasts was verified by the expression of osteoblast differentiation markers and calcium deposition. RNA sequencing was performed to assess transcriptome in the early stage of osteogenic differentiation. RESULTS Osteogenic differentiation and mineralization were promoted in the 3 mM Pi group compared to those in the GP and 1 mM Pi groups on day 7 of culture. RNA sequencing revealed that the gene expressions involved in osteogenesis and the components in the Wnt signaling pathway was increased in 3 mM Pi group compared with those in the GP on day 7. Analysis with qPCR and Western blot suggested upregulation of components in the non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway, including WNT5b and phosphorylated-c-Jun in the 3 mM Pi group on day 7. WNT11 mRNA expression was increased in the 2 induction groups on day 7. Inhibition of WNT5b by siRNA experiment attenuated the components in non-canonical Wnt signaling expression, including WNT5b, WNT11 and ROR2 mRNA expression and phosphorylated-c-Jun protein expression. In addition, osteogenic differentiation and mineralization were partly decreased in 3 mM Pi group on day 7 by the inhibition of WNT5b. CONCLUSION Pi promoted osteogenic differentiation through the up-regulation of the non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway, including WNT5b, WNT11, p-c-Jun/c-Jun, in the early stage of differentiation. These findings provide a new perspective into the association of Pi and the non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway during osteogenic differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shumin Rui
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takuo Kubota
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Yasuhisa Ohata
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kenichi Yamamoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Makoto Fujiwara
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; The 1st. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shinji Takeyari
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Keiichi Ozono
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Liu YZ, Li ZX, Zhang LL, Wang D, Liu YP. Phenotypic plasticity of vascular smooth muscle cells in vascular calcification: Role of mitochondria. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:972836. [PMID: 36312244 PMCID: PMC9597684 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.972836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification (VC) is an important hallmark of cardiovascular disease, the osteo-/chondrocyte phenotype differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is the main cause of vascular calcification. Accumulating evidence shows that mitochondrial dysfunction may ultimately be more detrimental in the VSMCs calcification. Mitochondrial participate in essential cellular functions, including energy production, metabolism, redox homeostasis regulation, intracellular calcium homeostasis, apoptosis, and signal transduction. Mitochondrial dysfunction under pathological conditions results in mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and metabolic disorders, which further lead to abnormal phenotypic differentiation of VSMCs. In this review, we summarize existing studies targeting mitochondria as a treatment for VC, and focus on VSMCs, highlighting recent progress in determining the roles of mitochondrial processes in regulating the phenotype transition of VSMCs, including mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial dynamics, mitophagy, mitochondrial energy metabolism, and mitochondria/ER interactions. Along these lines, the impact of mitochondrial homeostasis on VC is discussed.
Collapse
|
24
|
Heuschkel MA, Babler A, Heyn J, van der Vorst EPC, Steenman M, Gesper M, Kappel BA, Magne D, Gouëffic Y, Kramann R, Jahnen-Dechent W, Marx N, Quillard T, Goettsch C. Distinct role of mitochondrial function and protein kinase C in intimal and medial calcification in vitro. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:959457. [PMID: 36204585 PMCID: PMC9530266 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.959457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Vascular calcification (VC) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Depending on the location of mineral deposition within the arterial wall, VC is classified as intimal and medial calcification. Using in vitro mineralization assays, we developed protocols triggering both types of calcification in vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) following diverging molecular pathways. Materials and methods and results Human coronary artery SMCs were cultured in osteogenic medium (OM) or high calcium phosphate medium (CaP) to induce a mineralized extracellular matrix. OM induces osteoblast-like differentiation of SMCs–a key process in intimal calcification during atherosclerotic plaque remodeling. CaP mimics hyperphosphatemia, associated with chronic kidney disease–a risk factor for medial calcification. Transcriptomic analysis revealed distinct gene expression profiles of OM and CaP-calcifying SMCs. OM and CaP-treated SMCs shared 107 differentially regulated genes related to SMC contraction and metabolism. Real-time extracellular efflux analysis demonstrated decreased mitochondrial respiration and glycolysis in CaP-treated SMCs compared to increased mitochondrial respiration without altered glycolysis in OM-treated SMCs. Subsequent kinome and in silico drug repurposing analysis (Connectivity Map) suggested a distinct role of protein kinase C (PKC). In vitro validation experiments demonstrated that the PKC activators prostratin and ingenol reduced calcification triggered by OM and promoted calcification triggered by CaP. Conclusion Our direct comparison results of two in vitro calcification models strengthen previous observations of distinct intracellular mechanisms that trigger OM and CaP-induced SMC calcification in vitro. We found a differential role of PKC in OM and CaP-calcified SMCs providing new potential cellular and molecular targets for pharmacological intervention in VC. Our data suggest that the field should limit the generalization of results found in in vitro studies using different calcification protocols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina A. Heuschkel
- Department of Internal Medicine I–Cardiology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Anne Babler
- Institute of Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jonas Heyn
- Department of Internal Medicine I–Cardiology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Emiel P. C. van der Vorst
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Marja Steenman
- L’institut Du Thorax, Inserm UMR 1087, CNRS, INSERM, France and Nantes Université, Nantes, France
| | - Maren Gesper
- Department of Internal Medicine I–Cardiology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ben A. Kappel
- Department of Internal Medicine I–Cardiology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - David Magne
- ICBMS UMR CNRS 5246, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Yann Gouëffic
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Vascular Center, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Saint-Joseph, Paris, France
| | - Rafael Kramann
- Institute of Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Willi Jahnen-Dechent
- Biointerface Laboratory, Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Marx
- Department of Internal Medicine I–Cardiology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Thibaut Quillard
- L’institut Du Thorax, Inserm UMR 1087, CNRS, INSERM, France and Nantes Université, Nantes, France
- PHY-OS Laboratory, INSERM UMR 1238, Nantes University of Medicine, Nantes, France
| | - Claudia Goettsch
- Department of Internal Medicine I–Cardiology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- *Correspondence: Claudia Goettsch,
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wang S, Yu H, Gao J, Chen J, He P, Zhong H, Tan X, Staines KA, Macrae VE, Fu X, Jiang L, Zhu D. PALMD regulates aortic valve calcification via altered glycolysis and NF-κB-mediated inflammation. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101887. [PMID: 35367413 PMCID: PMC9065630 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent genome-wide association and transcriptome-wide association studies have identified an association between the PALMD locus, encoding palmdelphin, a protein involved in myoblast differentiation, and calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD). Nevertheless, the function and underlying mechanisms of PALMD in CAVD remain unclear. We herein investigated whether and how PALMD affects the pathogenesis of CAVD using clinical samples from CAVD patients and a human valve interstitial cell (hVIC) in vitro calcification model. We showed that PALMD was upregulated in calcified regions of human aortic valves and calcified hVICs. Furthermore, silencing of PALMD reduced hVIC in vitro calcification, osteogenic differentiation, and apoptosis, whereas overexpression of PALMD had the opposite effect. RNA-Seq of PALMD-depleted hVICs revealed that silencing of PALMD reduced glycolysis and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)–mediated inflammation in hVICs and attenuated tumor necrosis factor α–induced monocyte adhesion to hVICs. Having established the role of PALMD in hVIC glycolysis, we examined whether glycolysis itself could regulate hVIC osteogenic differentiation and inflammation. Intriguingly, the inhibition of PFKFB3-mediated glycolysis significantly attenuated osteogenic differentiation and inflammation of hVICs. However, silencing of PFKFB3 inhibited PALMD-induced hVIC inflammation, but not osteogenic differentiation. Finally, we showed that the overexpression of PALMD enhanced hVIC osteogenic differentiation and inflammation, as opposed to glycolysis, through the activation of NF-κB. The present study demonstrates that the genome-wide association– and transcriptome-wide association–identified CAVD risk gene PALMD may promote CAVD development through regulation of glycolysis and NF-κB–mediated inflammation. We propose that targeting PALMD-mediated glycolysis may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for treating CAVD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siying Wang
- Department of Basic Medical Research, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China; Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongjiao Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Gao
- Department of Basic Medical Research, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiaxin Chen
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Pengcheng He
- Guangdong Provincial Geriatrics Institute, and Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Zhong
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao Tan
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Katherine A Staines
- Centre for Stress and Age-Related Disease, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK
| | - Vicky E Macrae
- Functional Genetics and Development, The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, UK
| | - Xiaodong Fu
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Lei Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Geriatrics Institute, and Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Dongxing Zhu
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Zeng ZL, Yuan Q, Zu X, Liu J. Insights Into the Role of Mitochondria in Vascular Calcification. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:879752. [PMID: 35571215 PMCID: PMC9099050 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.879752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification (VC) is a growing burden in aging societies worldwide, and with a significant increase in all-cause mortality and atherosclerotic plaque rupture, it is frequently found in patients with aging, diabetes, atherosclerosis, or chronic kidney disease. However, the mechanism of VC is still not yet fully understood, and there are still no effective therapies for VC. Regarding energy metabolism factories, mitochondria play a crucial role in maintaining vascular physiology. Discoveries in past decades signifying the role of mitochondrial homeostasis in normal physiology and pathological conditions led to tremendous advances in the field of VC. Therapies targeting basic mitochondrial processes, such as energy metabolism, damage in mitochondrial DNA, or free-radical generation, hold great promise. The remarkably unexplored field of the mitochondrial process has the potential to shed light on several VC-related diseases. This review focuses on current knowledge of mitochondrial dysfunction, dynamics anomalies, oxidative stress, and how it may relate to VC onset and progression and discusses the main challenges and prerequisites for their therapeutic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- ZL Zeng
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Qing Yuan
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Xuyu Zu
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- *Correspondence: Xuyu Zu
| | - Jianghua Liu
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Jianghua Liu
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Liraglutide Alleviates Diabetic Atherosclerosis through Regulating Calcification of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:5013622. [PMID: 35510038 PMCID: PMC9061067 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5013622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia, which can induce the development of atherosclerosis (AS). Calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) exerts an important role in the process of AS. In this study, the effects of liraglutide (LIRA) on VSMC under high-glucose condition and its mechanism were explored. Method After VSMC was treated by high glucose with or without LIRA in vitro, the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was measured by the detection kit, osteogenic marker protein expression was detected by Western blotting, and calcification was determined by alizarin red staining. Subsequently, the DM rat model was established and the ALP activity, calcification, and osteogenic marker proteins were determined in vivo. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining and hematoxylin-eosin staining were performed on the thoracic aorta of DM rats. Result The positive rate of SMα-actin expression in the DM + AS group was significantly lower than that in control rats, but LIRA administration increased the positive rate in the model. The expression of Cbfα-1 and OPN in the DM + AS group was significantly higher than that in the control group, while it was decreased after treatment of LIRA. The ALP activity and calcium content were increased in DM + AS rats, and the treatment of LIRA decreased the phenotypes in the rats, so as to delay the progression of AS in DM rats. Meanwhile, LIRA inhibited the ALP activity, upregulated SM-α expression, and downregulated expression of OPN and Cbfα-1 in VSMC under high-glucose (HG) conditions. Mechanically, HG-enhanced ALP activity, AKT, and ERK phosphorylation were inhibited by LIRA, PI3K antagonist LY294002, or ERK1/2 antagonist PD98059, in which cotreatment of LIRA with LY294002 and PD98059 could further enhance the effect of LIRA on VSMC, and GLP-1R antagonists reversed the phenotypes in the model. LIRA blocked the osteogenic transformation of VSMC through PI3K and ERK1/2 signaling pathways, which can be reversed by GLP-1R antagonists. Conclusion LIRA inhibited the abnormalities in VSMC calcification mediated by the GLP-1R, which was related to PI3K/Akt and ERK1/2 MAPK pathways. Therefore, the prospect and significance of LIRA in the treatment of DM complicated with AS were clarified.
Collapse
|
28
|
Xu F, Zhong JY, Guo B, Lin X, Wu F, Li FXZ, Shan SK, Zheng MH, Wang Y, Xu QS, Lei LM, Tan CM, Liao XB, Yuan LQ. H19 Promotes Osteoblastic Transition by Acting as ceRNA of miR-140-5p in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:774363. [PMID: 35198556 PMCID: PMC8859097 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.774363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Arterial medial calcification is a common disease in patients with type 2 diabetes, end-stage renal disease and hypertension, resulting in high incidence and mortality of cardiovascular event. H19 has been demonstrated to be involved in cardiovascular diseases like aortic valve diseases. However, role of H19 in arterial medial calcification remains largely unknown. We identified that H19 was upregulated in ß-glycerophosphate (β-GP) induced vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), a cellular calcification model in vitro. Overexpression of H19 potentiated while knockdown of H19 inhibited osteogenic differentiation of VSMCs, as demonstrated by changes of osteogenic genes Runx2 and ALP as well as ALP activity. Notably, H19 interacted with miR-140-5p directly, as demonstrated by luciferase report system and RIP analysis. Mechanistically, miR-140-5p attenuated osteoblastic differentiation of VSMCs by targeting Satb2 and overexpression of miR-140-5p blocked H19 induced elevation of Satb2 as well as the promotion of osteoblastic differentiation of VSMCs. Interestingly, over-expression of Satb2 induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38MAPK. In conclusion, H19 promotes VSMC calcification by acting as competing endogenous RNA of miR-140-5p and at least partially by activating Satb2-induced ERK1/2 and p38MAPK signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Metabolic Bone Diseases, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jia-Yu Zhong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bei Guo
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Metabolic Bone Diseases, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiao Lin
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Feng Wu
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fu-Xing-Zi Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Metabolic Bone Diseases, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Su-Kang Shan
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Metabolic Bone Diseases, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ming-Hui Zheng
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Metabolic Bone Diseases, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Metabolic Bone Diseases, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiu-Shuang Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Metabolic Bone Diseases, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Li-Min Lei
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Metabolic Bone Diseases, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chang-Ming Tan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiao-Bo Liao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Ling-Qing Yuan, ; Xiao-Bo Liao,
| | - Ling-Qing Yuan
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Metabolic Bone Diseases, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Ling-Qing Yuan, ; Xiao-Bo Liao,
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Affiliation(s)
- Peiran Yang
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Division of
Cardiovascular Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115,Present affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Medical
Molecular Biology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences,
Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730,
China
| | - Paul B. Yu
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Division of
Cardiovascular Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115,Present affiliation: Massachusetts General Hospital,
Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Wnt/β-catenin signalling: function, biological mechanisms, and therapeutic opportunities. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:3. [PMID: 34980884 PMCID: PMC8724284 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00762-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 448] [Impact Index Per Article: 224.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Wnt/β-catenin pathway comprises a family of proteins that play critical roles in embryonic development and adult tissue homeostasis. The deregulation of Wnt/β-catenin signalling often leads to various serious diseases, including cancer and non-cancer diseases. Although many articles have reviewed Wnt/β-catenin from various aspects, a systematic review encompassing the origin, composition, function, and clinical trials of the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway in tumour and diseases is lacking. In this article, we comprehensively review the Wnt/β-catenin pathway from the above five aspects in combination with the latest research. Finally, we propose challenges and opportunities for the development of small-molecular compounds targeting the Wnt signalling pathway in disease treatment.
Collapse
|
31
|
Berger JM, Karsenty G. Osteocalcin and the Physiology of Danger. FEBS Lett 2021; 596:665-680. [PMID: 34913486 PMCID: PMC9020278 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Bone biology has long been driven by the question as to what molecules affect cell differentiation or the functions of bone. Exploring this issue has been an extraordinarily powerful way to improve our knowledge of bone development and physiology. More recently, a second question has emerged: does bone have other functions besides making bone? Addressing this conundrum revealed that the bone-derived hormone osteocalcin affects a surprisingly large number of organs and physiological processes, including acute stress response. This review will focus on this emerging aspect of bone biology taking osteocalcin as a case study and will show how classical and endocrine functions of bone help to define a new functional identity for this tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julian Meyer Berger
- Department of Genetics and Development, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Gerard Karsenty
- Department of Genetics and Development, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, NY, 10032, USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
CTRP3 is a coronary artery calcification biomarker and protects against vascular calcification by inhibiting β-catenin nuclear translocation to prevent vascular smooth muscle cell osteogenic differentiation. J Cardiol 2021; 79:551-558. [PMID: 34774387 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2021.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronary artery calcification (CAC) is an important risk factor for cardiovascular events and has been shown to be correlated with serum adiponectin levels. However, it remains unknown whether C1 tumor necrosis factor-related protein 3 (CTRP3) (homologous to adiponectin) is associated with CAC, and whether CTRP3 affects the osteoblastic differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells. Here, we analyzed the association between CTRP3 expression and CAC. METHODS A case-control study was conducted involving 119 patients with coronary heart disease to identify the predictive value of CTRP3 for CAC. Additionally, mouse aortic smooth muscle cells transfected for β-catenin overexpression were subjected to treatment with CTRP3 and the β-catenin inhibitor JW74. The calcium content in smooth muscle cells was determined. Western blotting was performed to measure the expression levels of different osteoblastogenic proteins in vascular smooth muscle cells obtained from different treatment groups. RESULTS The serum CTRP3 levels were significantly lower in patients with CAC than in those without CAC, and even lower in patients with both CAC and diabetes mellitus. CTRP3 played roles as a protective factor and potential predictor in CAC. CTRP3 inhibited the osteogenic differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells induced under high glucose and lipid conditions by inhibiting the nuclear translocation of β-catenin. CONCLUSIONS CTRP3 may serve as a valuable screening biomarker and a novel therapeutic target in CAC, particularly in diabetes patients.
Collapse
|
33
|
Fan D, Fan D, Yuan W. CMTM3 suppresses bone formation and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells through inhibiting Erk1/2 and RUNX2 pathways. Genes Dis 2021; 8:882-890. [PMID: 34522715 PMCID: PMC8427260 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2020.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis, fracture, large-scale craniofacial defects and osteonecrosis are hot topics and are still underdiagnosed and undertreated in the clinic. It is urgent to understand the molecular mechanisms corresponding to the regulation of bone formation. CMTM3 (CKLF-like MARVEL transmembrane domain containing 3) connects the classic chemokine to the transmembrane 4 superfamily and plays an important role in intracellular vesicles transport, EGF receptor function maintenance and cancer development. However, its expression and function in bone remain unclear. In this paper, we found that the bone volume/total volume, trabecular number, trabecular thickness and bone surface area/bone volume of Cmtm3 KO mice increased significantly, and trabecular separation and trabecular pattern factor decreased in Cmtm3 KO mice compared with WT mice by microcomputed tomography. Moreover, the bone mineral content, bone mineral density, ultimate force and stiffness were also increased in Cmtm3 KO mice. Using in vitro analysis, we showed that CMTM3 expression decreases during the differentiation of hBMSCs to osteoblasts. Knockdown of CMTM3 promoted ALP and mineralization of hBMSCs and facilitated osteoblastic differentiation with increasing RUNX2 expression. However, overexpression of CMTM3 got the opposite results. These results proved that CMTM3 was essential for osteogenic differentiation. In addition, knockdown of CMTM3 enhanced p-Erk1/2, but had no significant effect on p-Akt or p-STAT3 in hBMSCs and MC3T3-E1 cells. Taken together, our results indicated that Erk1/2 and RUNX2 pathways mediated by CMTM3 were involved in the process of osteogenic differentiation, and CMTM3 might be a new potential target in the treatment of bone formation-related disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongwei Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Rd., Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, PR China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease, 49 North Garden Rd., Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Daoyang Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Rd., Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, PR China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease, 49 North Garden Rd., Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Wanqiong Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Rd., Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, PR China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease, 49 North Garden Rd., Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Cannata-Andía JB, Carrillo-López N, Messina OD, Hamdy NAT, Panizo S, Ferrari SL. Pathophysiology of Vascular Calcification and Bone Loss: Linked Disorders of Ageing? Nutrients 2021; 13:3835. [PMID: 34836090 PMCID: PMC8623966 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular Calcification (VC), low bone mass and fragility fractures are frequently observed in ageing subjects. Although this clinical observation could be the mere coincidence of frequent age-dependent disorders, clinical and experimental data suggest that VC and bone loss could share pathophysiological mechanisms. Indeed, VC is an active process of calcium and phosphate precipitation that involves the transition of the vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) into osteoblast-like cells. Among the molecules involved in this process, parathyroid hormone (PTH) plays a key role acting through several mechanisms which includes the regulation of the RANK/RANKL/OPG system and the Wnt/ß-catenin pathway, the main pathways for bone resorption and bone formation, respectively. Furthermore, some microRNAs have been implicated as common regulators of bone metabolism, VC, left ventricle hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis. Elucidating the common mechanisms between ageing; VC and bone loss could help to better understand the potential effects of osteoporosis drugs on the CV system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge B. Cannata-Andía
- Bone and Mineral Research Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Retic REDinREN-ISCIII, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (N.C.-L.); (S.P.)
| | - Natalia Carrillo-López
- Bone and Mineral Research Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Retic REDinREN-ISCIII, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (N.C.-L.); (S.P.)
| | - Osvaldo D. Messina
- Investigaciones Reumatológicas y Osteológicas (IRO), Buenos Aires 1114, Argentina;
| | - Neveen A. T. Hamdy
- Center for Bone Quality, Division Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands;
| | - Sara Panizo
- Bone and Mineral Research Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Retic REDinREN-ISCIII, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (N.C.-L.); (S.P.)
| | - Serge L. Ferrari
- Service and Laboratory of Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva University Hospital, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland;
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Zeng H, Ge J, Xu W, Ma H, Chen L, Xia M, Pan B, Lin H, Wang S, Gao X. Type 2 Diabetes Is Causally Associated With Reduced Serum Osteocalcin: A Genomewide Association and Mendelian Randomization Study. J Bone Miner Res 2021; 36:1694-1707. [PMID: 33956999 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances indicate that bone and energy metabolism are closely related. However, little direct evidence on causality has been provided in humans. We aimed to assess the association of three bone-related biomarkers-25 hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), parathyroid hormone (PTH), and osteocalcin (OCN)-with several metabolic phenotypes and investigate any causal relevance to the associations using a Mendelian randomization (MR) study. Serum 25OHD, PTH, and total OCN were measured at baseline in 5169 eligible Chinese participants in Changfeng study. Partial correlation and bivariate GREML analysis were used to estimate phenotypic and genetic correlations, respectively. Multiple linear regression and logistic regression were used to assess linear associations. Genomewide association analysis (GWAS) was performed. Bidirectional two-sample MR analyses were conducted to examine causal relationships between OCN and body mass index (BMI), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and type 2 diabetes (T2DM), using our GWAS result of OCN and GWAS statistics from Biobank Japan project (BBJ) and the largest meta-analysis of T2DM GWAS in East Asian population. Circulating OCN was significantly associated with higher DBP and HDL-C and decreased TG, blood glucose level, insulin resistance, liver fat content, bone mineral density, BMI, and a favorable body fat distribution pattern. GWAS identified one novel serum PTH locus and two novel serum OCN loci, explaining 0.81% and 1.98% of variances of PTH and OCN levels, respectively. MR analysis suggested a causal effect of T2DM on lower circulating OCN concentration (causal effect: -0.03; -0.05 to -0.01; p = 0.006 for T2DM_BBJ and -0.03; -0.05 to -0.01; p = 0.001 for T2DM_EAS). These findings indicate that T2DM might impact bone remodeling and provide a resource for understanding complex relationships between osteocalcin and metabolic (and related) traits in humans. © 2021 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hailuan Zeng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Fudan Institute for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jieyu Ge
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjie Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Ma
- Department of Geriatrics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingyan Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingfeng Xia
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Fudan Institute for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Baishen Pan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huandong Lin
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Fudan Institute for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Sijia Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Xin Gao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Fudan Institute for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Zhao H, Shen S, Zhao L, Xu Y, Li Y, Zhuo N. 3D printing of dual-cell delivery titanium alloy scaffolds for improving osseointegration through enhancing angiogenesis and osteogenesis. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2021; 22:734. [PMID: 34452607 PMCID: PMC8401189 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-021-04617-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The repair of large bone defects is a great challenge for orthopedics. Although the development of three-dimensional (3D) printed titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) implants with optimized the pore structure have effectively promoted the osseointegration. However, due to the biological inertia of Ti6Al4Vsurface and the neglect of angiogenesis, some patients still suffer from postoperative complications such as dislocation or loosening of the prosthesis. METHODS The purpose of this study was to construct 3D printed porous Ti6Al4V scaffolds filled with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) loaded hydrogel and evaluate the efficacy of this composite implants on osteogenesis and angiogenesis, thus promoting osseointegration. RESULTS The porosity and pore size of prepared 3D printed porous Ti6Al4V scaffolds were 69.2 ± 0.9 % and 593.4 ± 16.9 μm, respectively, which parameters were beneficial to bone ingrowth and blood vessel formation. The BMSC and EPC filled into the pores of the scaffolds after being encapsulated by hydrogels can maintain high viability. As a cell containing composite implant, BMSC and EPC loaded hydrogel incorporated into 3D printed porous Ti6Al4V scaffolds enhancing osteogenesis and angiogenesis to repair bone defects efficiently. At the transcriptional level, the composite implant up-regulated the expression levels of the osteogenesis-related genes alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin (OCN), and angiogenesis-related genes hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). CONCLUSIONS Overall, the strategy of loading porous Ti6Al4V scaffolds to incorporate cells is a promising treatment for improving osseointegration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heng Zhao
- Department of Department of Bone and Joint, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 646000, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi Shen
- Department of Department of Bone and Joint, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 646000, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Zhao
- Department of Department of Bone and Joint, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 646000, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yulin Xu
- Department of Department of Bone and Joint, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 646000, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Department of Bone and Joint, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 646000, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Naiqiang Zhuo
- Department of Department of Bone and Joint, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 646000, Luzhou, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Chen Q, Xia C, Shi B, Chen C, Yang C, Mao G, Shi F. Extracorporeal Shock Wave Combined with Teriparatide-Loaded Hydrogel Injection Promotes Segmental Bone Defects Healing in Osteoporosis. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2021; 18:1021-1033. [PMID: 34427911 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-021-00381-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis is a systemic bone disease characterized by decreased bone density and deterioration of bone microstructure, leading to an increased probability of fragility fractures. Once segmental bone defect occurs, it is easy to cause delayed union and nonunion. METHODS The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy of extracorporeal shock wave (ESW) and teriparatide-loaded hydrogel (T-Gel) combined strategy on the cell activity and differentiation of osteoporosis derived bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (OP-BMSCs) in vitro and bone regeneration in osteoporotic segmental bone defects in vivo. RESULTS In vitro, the strategy of combining ESW and T-Gel significantly enhanced OP-BMSCs proliferation, survival, migration, and osteogenic differentiation by up-regulating the alkaline phosphatase activity, mineralization, and expression of runt-related transcription factor-2, type I collagen, osteocalcin, and osteopontin. In the segmental bone defect models of osteoporotic rabbits, Micro-CT evaluation and histological observation demonstrated this ESW-combined with T-Gel injection significantly induced bone healing by enhancing the osteogenic activity of the local microenvironment in osteoporotic defects. CONCLUSION In conclusion, ESW-combined with T-Gel injection could regulate the poor osteogenic microenvironment in osteoporotic defects and show potential for enhancing fragility fractures healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Xia
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Binbin Shi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tongxiang First People's Hospital, Tongxiang, 314500, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuyong Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, No 1 People's Hospital of AkeSu, AkeSu, 843000, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangfeng Mao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Third People Hospital of Zhuji, Shaoxing, 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangfang Shi
- Department of Hematology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Li M, Zhu Y, Jaiswal SK, Liu NF. Mitochondria Homeostasis and Vascular Medial Calcification. Calcif Tissue Int 2021; 109:113-120. [PMID: 33660037 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-021-00828-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Vascular calcification occurs highly prevalent, which commonly predicts adverse cardiovascular events. The pathogenesis of calcification, a complicated and multifactorial process, is incompletely characterized. Accumulating evidence shows that mitochondrial dysfunction may ultimately be more detrimental in the vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) calcification. This review summarizes the role of mitochondrial dysfunction and metabolic reprogramming in vascular calcification, and indicates that metabolic regulation may be a therapeutic target in vascular calcification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Sandip Kumar Jaiswal
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Nai-Feng Liu
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Tandon I, Quinn KP, Balachandran K. Label-Free Multiphoton Microscopy for the Detection and Monitoring of Calcific Aortic Valve Disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:688513. [PMID: 34179147 PMCID: PMC8226007 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.688513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is the most common valvular heart disease. CAVD results in a considerable socio-economic burden, especially considering the aging population in Europe and North America. The only treatment standard is surgical valve replacement as early diagnostic, mitigation, and drug strategies remain underdeveloped. Novel diagnostic techniques and biomarkers for early detection and monitoring of CAVD progression are thus a pressing need. Additionally, non-destructive tools are required for longitudinal in vitro and in vivo assessment of CAVD initiation and progression that can be translated into clinical practice in the future. Multiphoton microscopy (MPM) facilitates label-free and non-destructive imaging to obtain quantitative, optical biomarkers that have been shown to correlate with key events during CAVD progression. MPM can also be used to obtain spatiotemporal readouts of metabolic changes that occur in the cells. While cellular metabolism has been extensively explored for various cardiovascular disorders like atherosclerosis, hypertension, and heart failure, and has shown potential in elucidating key pathophysiological processes in heart valve diseases, it has yet to gain traction in the study of CAVD. Furthermore, MPM also provides structural, functional, and metabolic readouts that have the potential to correlate with key pathophysiological events in CAVD progression. This review outlines the applicability of MPM and its derived quantitative metrics for the detection and monitoring of early CAVD progression. The review will further focus on the MPM-detectable metabolic biomarkers that correlate with key biological events during valve pathogenesis and their potential role in assessing CAVD pathophysiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ishita Tandon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Kyle P Quinn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Kartik Balachandran
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Jiang W, Zhang Z, Li Y, Chen C, Yang H, Lin Q, Hu M, Qin X. The Cell Origin and Role of Osteoclastogenesis and Osteoblastogenesis in Vascular Calcification. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:639740. [PMID: 33969008 PMCID: PMC8102685 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.639740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Arterial calcification refers to the abnormal deposition of calcium salts in the arterial wall, which results in vessel lumen stenosis and vascular remodeling. Studies increasingly show that arterial calcification is a cell mediated, reversible and active regulated process similar to physiological bone mineralization. The osteoblasts and chondrocytes-like cells are present in large numbers in the calcified lesions, and express osteogenic transcription factor and bone matrix proteins that are known to initiate and promote arterial calcification. In addition, osteoclast-like cells have also been detected in calcified arterial walls wherein they possibly inhibit vascular calcification, similar to the catabolic process of bone mineral resorption. Therefore, tilting the balance between osteoblast-like and osteoclast-like cells to the latter maybe a promising therapeutic strategy against vascular calcification. In this review, we have summarized the current findings on the origin and functions of osteoblast-like and osteoclast-like cells in the development and progression of vascular progression, and explored novel therapeutic possibilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenhong Jiang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhanman Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yaodong Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Chuanzhen Chen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Han Yang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Qiuning Lin
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Ming Hu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiao Qin
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Zhu Y, Ji JJ, Wang XD, Sun XJ, Li M, Wei Q, Ren LQ, Liu NF. Periostin promotes arterial calcification through PPARγ-related glucose metabolism reprogramming. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2021; 320:H2222-H2239. [PMID: 33834866 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.01009.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) exerts a series of biological functions and contributes to almost 30% of the osteogenic process. Periostin is a secreted protein that can alter ECM remodeling in response to vascular injury. However, the role of periostin in vascular calcification has yet to be fully investigated. As found in this study, recombinant periostin accelerated the thoracic aortas calcification, increased the expression of glycolysis key enzymes, and disturbed the normal oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) ex vivo, which could be alleviated by the peroxisome proliferation-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) agonist pioglitazone. In vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), periostin promoted VSMC-osteoblastic phenotype transition and calcium deposition and suppressed PPARγ expression. Mechanistically, periostin caused overactivation of glycolysis and mitochondrial dysfunction in VSMCs as assessed by extracellular acidification rate, oxygen consumption rate, and mitochondrial respiratory chain complex activities. Targeted glycolysis inhibitors reduced mitochondrial calcium overload, apoptosis, and periostin-induced VSMCs calcification. PPARγ agonists preserved glycolysis and OXPHOS in the stimulated microenvironment and reversed periostin-promoted VSMC calcification. Furthermore, plasma periostin, lactate, and matrix Gla protein levels were measured in 274 patients undergoing computed tomography to determine coronary artery calcium score (Agatston score). Plasma periostin and lactate levels were both linked to an Agatston score in patients with coronary artery calcification (CAC). There was also a positive correlation between plasma periostin and lactate levels. This study suggests that downregulation of PPARγ is involved in the mechanism by which periostin accelerates arterial calcification partly through excessive glycolysis activation and unbalanced mitochondrial homeostasis.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Periostin caused arterial calcification, overactivated glycolysis, and damaged OXPHOS. PPARγ agonists alleviated periostin-promoted arterial calcification and corrected abnormal glycolysis and unbalanced mitochondrial homeostasis. There exists a relationship between periostin and lactate in patients with CAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Jing Ji
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Dong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Jiao Sun
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Wei
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Qun Ren
- Department of Geriatrics, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Nai-Feng Liu
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Carrillo-López N, Martínez-Arias L, Fernández-Villabrille S, Ruiz-Torres MP, Dusso A, Cannata-Andía JB, Naves-Díaz M, Panizo S. Role of the RANK/RANKL/OPG and Wnt/β-Catenin Systems in CKD Bone and Cardiovascular Disorders. Calcif Tissue Int 2021; 108:439-451. [PMID: 33586001 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-020-00803-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In the course of chronic kidney disease (CKD), alterations in the bone-vascular axis augment the risk of bone loss, fractures, vascular and soft tissue calcification, left ventricular hypertrophy, renal and myocardial fibrosis, which markedly increase morbidity and mortality rates. A major challenge to improve skeletal and cardiovascular outcomes in CKD patients requires a better understanding of the increasing complex interactions among the main modulators of the bone-vascular axis. Serum parathyroid hormone (PTH), phosphorus (P), calcium (Ca), fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), calcidiol, calcitriol and Klotho are involved in this axis interact with RANK/RANKL/OPG system and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. The RANK/RANKL/OPG system controls bone remodeling by inducing osteoblast synthesis of RANKL and downregulating OPG production and it is also implicated in vascular calcification. The complexity of this system has recently increased due the discovery of LGR4, a novel RANKL receptor involved in bone formation, but possibly also in vascular calcification. The Wnt/β-catenin pathway plays a key role in bone formation: when this pathway is activated, bone is formed, but when it is inhibited, bone formation is stopped. In the progression of CKD, a downregulation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway has been described which occurs mainly through the not coincident elevations of sclerostin, Dickkopf1 (Dkk1) and the secreted Frizzled Related Proteins (sFRPs). This review analyzes the interactions of PTH, P, Ca, FGF23, calcidiol, calcitriol and Klotho with the RANKL/RANKL/OPG system and the Wnt/β-catenin, pathway and their implications in bone and cardiovascular disorders in CKD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Carrillo-López
- Bone and Mineral Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Universidad de Oviedo, Retic REDinREN-ISCIII, Avda. Roma, sn., 33011, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Laura Martínez-Arias
- Bone and Mineral Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Universidad de Oviedo, Retic REDinREN-ISCIII, Avda. Roma, sn., 33011, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Sara Fernández-Villabrille
- Bone and Mineral Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Universidad de Oviedo, Retic REDinREN-ISCIII, Avda. Roma, sn., 33011, Oviedo, Spain
| | - María Piedad Ruiz-Torres
- Department of System Biology, Universidad de Alcalá, Retic REDinREN-ISCIII, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Adriana Dusso
- Bone and Mineral Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Universidad de Oviedo, Retic REDinREN-ISCIII, Avda. Roma, sn., 33011, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Jorge B Cannata-Andía
- Bone and Mineral Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Universidad de Oviedo, Retic REDinREN-ISCIII, Avda. Roma, sn., 33011, Oviedo, Spain.
| | - Manuel Naves-Díaz
- Bone and Mineral Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Universidad de Oviedo, Retic REDinREN-ISCIII, Avda. Roma, sn., 33011, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Sara Panizo
- Bone and Mineral Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Universidad de Oviedo, Retic REDinREN-ISCIII, Avda. Roma, sn., 33011, Oviedo, Spain.
| | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Ye M, Liu W, Yan L, Cheng S, Li X, Qiao S. 3D‑printed Ti6Al4V scaffolds combined with pulse electromagnetic fields enhance osseointegration in osteoporosis. Mol Med Rep 2021; 23:410. [PMID: 33786622 PMCID: PMC8025457 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The loosening and displacement of prostheses after dental implantation and arthroplasty is a substantial medical burden due to the complex correction surgery. Three-dimensional (3D)-printed porous titanium (pTi) alloy scaffolds are characterized by low stiffness, are beneficial to bone ingrowth, and may be used in orthopedic applications. However, for the bio-inert nature between host bone and implants, titanium alloy remains poorly compatible with osseointegration, especially in disease conditions, such as osteoporosis. In the present study, 3D-printed pTi scaffolds with ideal pore size and porosity matching the bone tissue, were combined with pulse electromagnetic fields (PEMF), an exogenous osteogenic induction stimulation, to evaluate osseointegration in osteoporosis. In vitro, external PEMF significantly improved osteoporosis-derived bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation on the surface of pTi scaffolds by enhancing the expression of alkaline phosphatase, runt-related transcription factor-2, osteocalcin, and bone morphogenetic protein-2. In vivo, Microcomputed tomography analysis and histological evaluation indicated the external PEMF markedly enhanced bone regeneration and osseointegration. This novel therapeutic strategy has potential to promote osseointegration of dental implants or artificial prostheses for patients with osteoporosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingfu Ye
- Department of Oral Implantology, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Stomatological Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Stomatological Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, Fujian 361008, P.R. China
| | - Wenjun Liu
- Department of Oral Implantology, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Stomatological Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Stomatological Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, Fujian 361008, P.R. China
| | - Lihui Yan
- Department of Oral Implantology, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Stomatological Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Stomatological Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, Fujian 361008, P.R. China
| | - Shaolong Cheng
- Department of Oral Implantology, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Stomatological Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Stomatological Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, Fujian 361008, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxiong Li
- Department of Pain, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201112, P.R. China
| | - Shichong Qiao
- Department of Implant Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Phadwal K, Vrahnas C, Ganley IG, MacRae VE. Mitochondrial Dysfunction: Cause or Consequence of Vascular Calcification? Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:611922. [PMID: 33816463 PMCID: PMC8010668 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.611922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are crucial bioenergetics powerhouses and biosynthetic hubs within cells, which can generate and sequester toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) in response to oxidative stress. Oxidative stress-stimulated ROS production results in ATP depletion and the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pores, leading to mitochondria dysfunction and cellular apoptosis. Mitochondrial loss of function is also a key driver in the acquisition of a senescence-associated secretory phenotype that drives senescent cells into a pro-inflammatory state. Maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis is crucial for retaining the contractile phenotype of the vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), the most prominent cells of the vasculature. Loss of this contractile phenotype is associated with the loss of mitochondrial function and a metabolic shift to glycolysis. Emerging evidence suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction may play a direct role in vascular calcification and the underlying pathologies including (1) impairment of mitochondrial function by mineral dysregulation i.e., calcium and phosphate overload in patients with end-stage renal disease and (2) presence of increased ROS in patients with calcific aortic valve disease, atherosclerosis, type-II diabetes and chronic kidney disease. In this review, we discuss the cause and consequence of mitochondrial dysfunction in vascular calcification and underlying pathologies; the role of autophagy and mitophagy pathways in preventing mitochondrial dysfunction during vascular calcification and finally we discuss mitochondrial ROS, DRP1, and HIF-1 as potential novel markers and therapeutic targets for maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis in vascular calcification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kanchan Phadwal
- Functional Genetics and Development Division, The Roslin Institute and The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies (R(D)SVS), University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, United Kingdom
| | - Christina Vrahnas
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, Sir James Black Centre, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Ian G. Ganley
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, Sir James Black Centre, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Vicky E. MacRae
- Functional Genetics and Development Division, The Roslin Institute and The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies (R(D)SVS), University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Shea MK, Berkner KL, Ferland G, Fu X, Holden RM, Booth SL. Perspective: Evidence before Enthusiasm-A Critical Review of the Potential Cardiovascular Benefits of Vitamin K. Adv Nutr 2021; 12:632-646. [PMID: 33684212 PMCID: PMC8166540 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmab004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A protective role for vitamin K in cardiovascular disease (CVD), a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, has been proposed because vitamin K-dependent proteins, such as matrix Gla (γ-carboxyglutamic acid) protein (MGP), are present in vascular tissue. MGP functions as a vascular calcification inhibitor-but only when it is carboxylated, which requires vitamin K. There is more than one naturally occurring form of vitamin K. Phylloquinone (vitamin K1) is found in plant-based foods, whereas menaquinones (vitamin K2) are a class of vitamin K compounds found in animal-based and fermented foods. Phylloquinone and menaquinones are capable of carboxylating MGP and other vitamin K-dependent proteins. In rodent models, high intakes of either phylloquinone or menaquinone reduced vascular calcification. Evidence of the relative importance of phylloquinone and menaquinone to CVD in humans is limited and controversial. In some observational studies, higher dietary menaquinone intake, but not phylloquinone intake, was associated with less coronary artery calcification (a subclinical manifestation of CVD) and a lower risk for clinical CVD events. These findings have led to claims that menaquinones have unique cardiovascular health benefits compared with phylloquinone. However, this claim is not supported by the results of the limited number of intervention trials conducted to date. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the strengths and limitations of the available evidence regarding the role of vitamin K in vascular calcification, CVD, and mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kathleen L Berkner
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine at CWRU, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Guylaine Ferland
- Département de Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Xueyan Fu
- Tufts University USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rachel M Holden
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sarah L Booth
- Tufts University USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
The Influence of Calcification Factors and Endothelial-Dysfunction Factors on the Development of Unstable Atherosclerotic Plaques. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10121074. [PMID: 33322310 PMCID: PMC7764445 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10121074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to evaluate changes in markers of calcification and of endothelial dysfunction during the development of calcification and instability of atherosclerotic plaques and to identify associations of calcification factors with the formation of unstable plaques. Methods: We analyzed 44 male patients with coronary atherosclerosis who underwent endarterectomy in coronary arteries during coronary bypass surgery. The endarterectomy material (intima/media) was examined using histological and biochemical methods, and the stability and calcification degree of atherosclerotic plaques were assessed. In homogenates of the tissue samples and in blood, concentrations of osteoprotegerin, osteocalcin, osteopontin, osteonectin, monocyte-chemoattractant protein type 1 (MCP-1), soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (sVCAM-1), and E-selectin were determined by enzyme immunoassays. Results: Unstable atherosclerotic plaques proved to be calcified more frequently (80.4% of plaques) than stable ones (45.0%). Osteonectin, E-selectin, and sVCAM-1 levels were lower in unstable plaques and plaques with large calcification deposits. Osteocalcin content increased with the increasing size of the calcification deposits in plaque. Blood osteocalcin concentration directly correlated with osteocalcin concentration in atherosclerotic plaques and was higher in the blood of patients with calcified plaques in coronary arteries. Conclusions: The results provide the basis for further research on the suitability of osteocalcin as a potential biomarker of an unstable calcified atherosclerotic plaque in a coronary artery.
Collapse
|
47
|
Yang T, Guo L, Chen L, Li J, Li Q, Pi Y, Zhu J, Zhang L. A novel role of FKN/CX3CR1 in promoting osteogenic transformation of VSMCs and atherosclerotic calcification. Cell Calcium 2020; 91:102265. [PMID: 32814243 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2020.102265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Fractalkine (FKN) and its specific receptor CX3CR1 play a critical role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis including recruitment of vascular cells and the development of inflammation. However, its contribution to regulating the development of atherosclerotic calcification has not been well documented. Osteogenic transformation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is critical in the development of calcification in atherosclerotic lesions. In this study, for the first time, we evaluated the effect of FKN/CX3CR1 on the progression of VSMCs calcification and defined molecular signaling that is operative in the FKN/CX3CR1-induced osteogenic transformation of VSMCs. We found that high-fat diet induced atherosclerotic calcification in vivo was markedly inhibited in the Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) and CX3CR1 deficient (ApoE-/-/CX3CR1-/-) mice compared with their control littermates. FKN and CX3CR1 were both expressed in VSMCs and up-regulated by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL). FKN/CX3CR1 promoted the expression of osteogenic markers, including osteopontin (OPN), bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and decreased VSMCs markers, including smooth muscle (SM) α-actin and SM22-α in a dose-dependent manner. The essential role of FKN/CX3CR1 in VSMCs calcification was further confirmed by lentivirus-mediated knockdown or overexpression of CX3CR1 blocked or accelerated osteogenic transformation of VSMCs. This response was associated with reciprocal up- and down-regulation of osteogenic factor, runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), transcription factors in osteoclast differentiation, receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANK), RANK ligand (RNAKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG), respectively. Inhibition of FKN/CX3CR1-activated Jak2/Stat3 signaling by the Jak/Stat inhibitor AG490 blocked osteogenic transformation of VSMCs and RUNX2 induction concurrently. Taken together, our data uncovered novel roles of FKN/CX3CR1 in promoting VSMC osteogenic transformation and atherosclerotic calcification by activating RUNX2 through Jak2/Stat3 signaling pathway and suppressing OPG. Our findings suggest that targeting FKN/CX3CR1 may provide new strategies for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerotic calcification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tong Yang
- Department of Neurology and Centre for Clinical Neuroscience, Daping Hospital, Army Medical Center of PLA, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Lu Guo
- Department of Neurology and Centre for Clinical Neuroscience, Daping Hospital, Army Medical Center of PLA, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Lizhao Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical Center of PLA, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Jingcheng Li
- Department of Neurology and Centre for Clinical Neuroscience, Daping Hospital, Army Medical Center of PLA, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Qiong Li
- Department of Neurology and Centre for Clinical Neuroscience, Daping Hospital, Army Medical Center of PLA, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Yan Pi
- Department of Neurology and Centre for Clinical Neuroscience, Daping Hospital, Army Medical Center of PLA, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Jie Zhu
- Department of Neurology and Centre for Clinical Neuroscience, Daping Hospital, Army Medical Center of PLA, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Lili Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Centre for Clinical Neuroscience, Daping Hospital, Army Medical Center of PLA, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Karsenty G. The facts of the matter: What is a hormone? PLoS Genet 2020; 16:e1008938. [PMID: 32589668 PMCID: PMC7319275 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gerard Karsenty
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Lin X, Onda DA, Yang CH, Lewis JR, Levinger I, Loh K. Roles of bone-derived hormones in type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular pathophysiology. Mol Metab 2020; 40:101040. [PMID: 32544571 PMCID: PMC7348059 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2020.101040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Emerging evidence demonstrates that bone is an endocrine organ capable of influencing multiple physiological and pathological processes through the secretion of hormones. Recent research suggests complex crosstalk between the bone and other metabolic and cardiovascular tissues. It was uncovered that three of these bone-derived hormones—osteocalcin, lipocalin 2, and sclerostin—are involved in the endocrine regulations of cardiometabolic health and play vital roles in the pathophysiological process of developing cardiometabolic syndromes such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Chronic low-grade inflammation is one of the hallmarks of cardiometabolic diseases and a major contributor to disease progression. Novel evidence also implicates important roles of bone-derived hormones in the regulation of chronic inflammation. Scope of review In this review, we provide a detailed overview of the physiological and pathological roles of osteocalcin, lipocalin 2, and sclerostin in cardiometabolic health regulation and disease development, with a focus on the modulation of chronic inflammation. Major conclusions Evidence supports that osteocalcin has a protective role in cardiometabolic health, and an increase of lipocalin 2 contributes to the development of cardiometabolic diseases partly via pro-inflammatory effects. The roles of sclerostin appear to be complicated: It exerts pro-adiposity and pro-insulin resistance effects in type 2 diabetes and has an anti-calcification effect during cardiovascular disease. A better understanding of the actions of these bone-derived hormones in the pathophysiology of cardiometabolic diseases will provide crucial insights to help further research develop new therapeutic strategies to treat these diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuzhu Lin
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia.
| | - Danise-Ann Onda
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Chieh-Hsin Yang
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Joshua R Lewis
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia; Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Itamar Levinger
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHES), Victoria University, Footscray, VIC, Australia; Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), University of Melbourne and Western Health, St Albans, VIC, Australia
| | - Kim Loh
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia; Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Bai H, Zhao Y, Wang C, Wang Z, Wang J, Liu H, Feng Y, Lin Q, Li Z, Liu H. Enhanced osseointegration of three-dimensional supramolecular bioactive interface through osteoporotic microenvironment regulation. Theranostics 2020; 10:4779-4794. [PMID: 32308749 PMCID: PMC7163459 DOI: 10.7150/thno.43736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Osteoporosis is more likely to cause serious complications after joint replacement, mainly due to physiological defects of endogenous osteogenic cells and the pathological osteoclast activity. It is a feasible solution to design a prosthetic surface interface that specifically addresses this troublesome situation. Methods: A novel "three-dimensional (3D) inorganic-organic supramolecular bioactive interface" was constructed consisting of stiff 3D printing porous metal scaffold and soft multifunctional, self-healable, injectable, and biodegradable supramolecular polysaccharide hydrogel. Apart from mimicking the bone extracellular matrix, the bioactive interface could also encapsulate bioactive substances, namely bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2). A series of in vitro characterizations, such as topography and mechanical characterization, in vitro release of BMP-2, biocompatibility analysis, and osteogenic induction of BMSCs were carried out. After that, the in vivo osseointegration effect of the bioactive interface was investigated in detail using an osteoporotic model. Results: The administration of injectable supramolecular hydrogel into the inner pores of 3D printing porous metal scaffold could obviously change the morphology of BMSCs and facilitate its cell proliferation. Meanwhile, BMP-2 was capable of being sustained released from supramolecular hydrogel, and subsequently induced osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and promoted the integration of the metal microspores-bone interface in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, the osteoporosis condition of bone around the bioactive interface was significantly ameliorated. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that the 3D inorganic-organic supramolecular bioactive interface can serve as a novel artificial prosthesis interface for various osteogenesis-deficient patients, such as osteoporosis and rheumatoid arthritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haotian Bai
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P. R. China
- Orthopaedic Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun 130041, P. R. China
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Chenyu Wang
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P. R. China
- Department of Plastic and Reconstruct Surgery, The First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China
| | - Zhonghan Wang
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P. R. China
- Orthopaedic Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun 130041, P. R. China
| | - Jincheng Wang
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P. R. China
- Orthopaedic Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun 130041, P. R. China
| | - Hou Liu
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yubin Feng
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Quan Lin
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Zuhao Li
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P. R. China
- Orthopaedic Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun 130041, P. R. China
- Department of Pain, Renji Hospital, South Campus, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 201112, P. R. China
| | - He Liu
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P. R. China
- Orthopaedic Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun 130041, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|