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Meng Y, Sun J, Zhang G. A viable remedy for overcoming resistance to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy: Fecal microbiota transplantation. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 200:104403. [PMID: 38838927 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Anti-PD-1 immunotherapy is a cancer therapy that focuses explicitly on the PD-1 receptor found on the surface of immune cells. This targeted therapeutic strategy is specifically designed to amplify the immune system's innate capacity to detect and subsequently eliminate cells that have become cancerous. Nevertheless, it should be noted that not all patients exhibit a favourable response to this particular therapeutic modality, necessitating the exploration of novel strategies to augment the effectiveness of immunotherapy. Previous studies have shown that fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) can enhance the efficacy of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in advanced melanoma patients. To investigate this intriguing possibility further, we turned to PubMed and conducted a comprehensive search for studies that analyzed the interplay between FMT and anti-PD-1 therapy in the context of tumor treatment. Our search criteria were centred around two key phrases: "fecal microbiota transplantation" and "anti-PD-1 therapy." The studies we uncovered all echo a similar sentiment. They pointed towards the potential of FMT to improve the effectiveness of immunotherapy. FMT may enhance the effectiveness of immunotherapy by altering the gut microbiota and boosting the patient's immunological response. Although promising, additional investigation is needed to improve the efficacy of FMT in the context of cancer therapy and attain a comprehensive understanding of the possible advantages and drawbacks associated with this therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Meng
- Department of Central Laboratory, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, No. 44, Xiaoheyan road, Dadong district, Shenyang 110042, China.
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Biobank, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, No. 44, Xiaoheyan road, Dadong district, Shenyang 110042, China
| | - Guirong Zhang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, No. 44, Xiaoheyan road, Dadong district, Shenyang 110042, China
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2
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Agorku DJ, Bosio A, Alves F, Ströbel P, Hardt O. Colorectal cancer-associated fibroblasts inhibit effector T cells via NECTIN2 signaling. Cancer Lett 2024; 595:216985. [PMID: 38821255 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts play a crucial role within the tumor microenvironment. However, a comprehensive characterization of CAF in colorectal cancer (CRC) is still missing. We combined scRNA-seq and spatial proteomics to decipher fibroblast heterogeneity in healthy human colon and CRC at high resolution. Analyzing nearly 23,000 fibroblasts, we identified 11 distinct clusters and verified them by spatial proteomics. Four clusters, consisting of myofibroblastic CAF (myCAF)-like, inflammatory CAF (iCAF)-like and proliferating fibroblasts as well as a novel cluster, which we named "T cell-inhibiting CAF" (TinCAF), were primarily found in CRC. This new cluster was characterized by the expression of immune-interacting receptors and ligands, including CD40 and NECTIN2. Co-culture of CAF and T cells resulted in a reduction of the effector T cell compartment, impaired proliferation, and increased exhaustion. By blocking its receptor interaction, we demonstrated that NECTIN2 was the key driver of T cell inhibition. Analysis of clinical datasets showed that NECTIN2 expression is a poor prognostic factor in CRC and other tumors. In conclusion, we identified a new class of immuno-suppressive CAF with features rendering them a potential target for future immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Agorku
- Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany; University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), Institute of Pathology, Göttingen, Lower Saxony, Germany
| | - Andreas Bosio
- Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany
| | - Frauke Alves
- University Medical Center Göttingen, Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Göttingen, Lower Saxony, Germany; University Medical Center Göttingen, Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Göttingen, Lower Saxony, Germany; Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Translational Molecular Imaging, Göttingen, Lower Saxony, Germany
| | - Philipp Ströbel
- University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), Institute of Pathology, Göttingen, Lower Saxony, Germany
| | - Olaf Hardt
- Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany.
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Singh N, Sharma S. Photo-activated microtubule targeting drugs: Advancing therapies for colorectal cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:3257-3260. [PMID: 39086641 PMCID: PMC11287401 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i26.3257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the years immunotherapy has demonstrably improved the field of cancer treatment. However, achieving long-term survival for colorectal cancer (CRC) patients remains a significant unmet need. Combination immunotherapies incorporating targeted drugs like MEK or multi-kinase inhibitors have offered some palliative benefit. Nevertheless, substantial gaps remain in the current therapeutic armamentarium for CRC. In recent years, there has been a surge of interest in exploring novel treatment strategies, including the application of light-activated drugs in conjunction with optical devices. This approach holds promise for achieving localized and targeted delivery of cytotoxic agents, such as microtubule-targeting drugs, directly to cancerous cells within the colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naresh Singh
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Samantha Sharma
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
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Kim R, Tehfe M, Kavan P, Chaves J, Kortmansky JS, Chen EX, Lieu CH, Wong L, Fakih M, Spencer K, Zhao Q, Predoiu R, Li C, Leconte P, Adelberg D, Chiorean EG. Pembrolizumab Plus mFOLFOX7 or FOLFIRI for Microsatellite Stable/Mismatch Repair-Proficient Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: KEYNOTE-651 Cohorts B and D. Clin Colorectal Cancer 2024; 23:118-127.e6. [PMID: 38762348 DOI: 10.1016/j.clcc.2024.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The phase 1b KEYNOTE-651 study evaluated pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy in microsatellite stable or mismatch repair-proficient metastatic colorectal cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with microsatellite stable or mismatch repair-proficient metastatic colorectal cancer received pembrolizumab 200 mg every 3 weeks plus 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, oxaliplatin (previously untreated; cohort B) or 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, irinotecan (previously treated with fluoropyrimidine plus oxaliplatin; cohort D) every 2 weeks. Primary end point was safety; investigator-assessed objective response rate per RECIST v1.1 was secondary and biomarker analysis was exploratory. RESULTS Thirty-one patients were enrolled in cohort B and 32 in cohort D; median follow-up was 30.2 and 33.5 months, respectively. One dose-limiting toxicity (grade 3 small intestine obstruction) occurred in cohort D. In cohort B, grade 3 or 4 treatment-related adverse events (AEs) occurred in 18 patients (58%), most commonly neutropenia and decreased neutrophil count (n = 5 each). In cohort D, grade 3 or 4 treatment-related AEs occurred in 17 patients (53%), most commonly neutropenia (n = 7). No grade 5 treatment-related AEs occurred. Objective response rate was 61% in cohort B (KRAS wildtype: 71%; KRAS mutant: 53%) and 25% in cohort D (KRAS wildtype: 47%; KRAS mutant: 6%). In both cohorts, PD-L1 combined positive score and T-cell-inflamed gene expression profiles were higher and HER2 expression was lower in responders than nonresponders. No association between tumor mutational burden and response was observed. CONCLUSION Pembrolizumab plus 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, oxaliplatin/5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, irinotecan demonstrated an acceptable AE profile. Efficacy data appeared comparable with current standard of care (including by KRAS mutation status). Biomarker analyses were hypothesis-generating, warranting further exploration. CLINICALTRIALS GOV IDENTIFIER ClinicalTrials.gov; NCT03374254.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Kim
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL.
| | - Mustapha Tehfe
- Hematology and Medical Oncology Division, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Petr Kavan
- Department of Medicine and Oncology, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, Segal Cancer Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jorge Chaves
- Medical Oncology, Northwest Medical Specialties, Tacoma, WA
| | | | - Eric X Chen
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - Christopher H Lieu
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Lucas Wong
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Baylor Scott and White, Temple, TX
| | - Marwan Fakih
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA
| | - Kristen Spencer
- Department of Medicine, Perlmutter Cancer Center of NYU Langone Health and Department of Internal Medicine NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Qing Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, BARDS, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ
| | - Raluca Predoiu
- Department of Medical Oncology, BARDS, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ
| | - Chenxiang Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, BARDS, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ
| | - Pierre Leconte
- Department of Medical Oncology, MSD France, Puteaux, France
| | - David Adelberg
- Department of Medical Oncology, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ
| | - E Gabriela Chiorean
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington and Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Clinical Research Division, Seattle, WA
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Akkus E, Karaoglan B, Akyol C, Ünal AE, Kuzu MA, Savaş B, Utkan G. Types and Rates of COVID-19 Vaccination in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Microsatellite Stable and Instable Non-Metastatic Colon Cancer. Cureus 2024; 16:e61780. [PMID: 38975417 PMCID: PMC11227084 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.61780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Microsatellite instable (deficient mismatch repair, dMMR) colon cancer is associated with hypermutability and immune infiltration-activation. COVID-19 vaccines stimulate immune-inflammation response. This study aimed to investigate the types and rates of COVID-19 vaccines in patients with newly diagnosed colon cancer and compare it according to the microsatellite status. Methods The study was a single-center case-control study. Patients diagnosed with colon cancer at least three months after the last COVID-19 vaccine (BNT162b2, CoronaVac) dose were included. Patients with dMMR and microsatellite stable (MSS) tumors were defined as cases and controls, respectively, between June 2021 and June 2023. Baseline characteristics and vaccine status between case-control groups were compared as univariable and multivariable. Inflammation markers were compared between MSS+CoronaVac and dMMR+BNT162b2 groups. Results A total of 76 patients were included. The BMI was higher in the MSS group (BMI>25 84.3% vs. 57.9%, p=0.00), and right-sided tumors were more common in the dMMR group (71% vs.46.4%, p=0.00). The dMMR group had a higher BNT162b2 vaccine history than the MSS group (86.8% vs. 63.2%, p=0.01), while there was no difference in CoronaVac history (p=0.32). Significant variables in univariable analysis (BMI, localization, and BNT162b2) were included in multivariable logistic regression. The BNT162b2 vaccine was significantly associated with dMMR status (OR: 6.39, 95% CI: 1.55-26.26, p=0.01). The dMMR+BNT162b2 group had higher median C-reactive protein (CRP) level (p=0.01), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (p=0.05), and lower lymphocyte/CRP ratio (p=0.04) than the MSS+CoronaVac group. Conclusion Immune infiltration in dMMR colon cancer may interact with COVID-19 vaccine-induced immune activation. Long-term clinical and preclinical studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erman Akkus
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, TUR
| | - Bahar Karaoglan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, TUR
| | - Cihangir Akyol
- Department of General Surgery, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, TUR
| | - Ali Ekrem Ünal
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, TUR
| | - Mehmet Ayhan Kuzu
- Department of General Surgery, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, TUR
| | - Berna Savaş
- Department of Pathology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, TUR
| | - Güngör Utkan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, TUR
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Shahin M, Patra S, Purkait S, Kar M, Das Majumdar SK, Mishra TS, Samal SC, Nayak HK. PD-L1 Expression in Colorectal Carcinoma Correlates with the Immune Microenvironment. J Gastrointest Cancer 2024; 55:940-949. [PMID: 38530597 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-024-01049-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION/BACKGROUND Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is a common malignancy, with its diverse clinical, pathological, and molecular features. The immune microenvironment of a tumor comprises of interplay between various cells and molecules, and has a significant role in deciding the tumor behavior and overall prognosis. PD-L1 (programmed cell death ligand-1) has been implicated in the regulation of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). There is limited data regarding the correlation of PD-L1 expression with immune cell profile in CRCs, especially in the Indian setting. The study aimed to assess the PD-L1 expression in CRC tumor cells and its association with TIME, mismatch repair (MMR), and various other clinicopathological parameters. METHODS This is a hospital-based, cross-sectional observational study. PD-L1 expression was assessed at the protein level by immunohistochemistry and mRNA level by qRT-PCR. Immune cell markers (CD4, CD8, CD20, FOXP3, and CD163) were interpreted using the ImageJ Fiji platform. RESULTS Of the 104 cases, 21% were PD-L1 positive and were more common in right-sided CRCs. PD-L1 positive cases showed significantly higher concentrations of all T-cell subsets (CD4+ , CD8+ , and FOXP3+), CD20+ B-cells, and CD163+ macrophages were noted. No statistical significance was seen between PD-L1 expression with clinical profile, pathological subtype, grade or stage, mismatch repair status (proficient vs deficient), and survival. CONCLUSIONS The present study showed a relatively lower frequency of PD-L1 in CRC from the Eastern Indian cohort. The immune cell concentration in the present study was calculated using image analysis-based objectivised methods. Significant correlation of PD-L1 expression in tumor cells with the tumor-infiltrating immune cells indicated its crucial role in the pathobiology of CRC especially by regulating the TIME. Considering the therapeutic implication of PD-L1 in various malignancies, it may be one of the crucial therapeutic targets in a proportion of cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Shahin
- Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Susama Patra
- Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
| | - Suvendu Purkait
- Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Madhabananda Kar
- Department of Surgical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Saroj Kumar Das Majumdar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | | | - Subash Chandra Samal
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Hemanta Kumar Nayak
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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Frančina M, Mikuš M, Mamić M, Jovanović T, Ćorić M, Lovrić B, Vukoja I, Zukanović G, Matković K, Rajc J, Slišurić F, Jurić-Marelja M, Augustin G, Tomaš I. Evaluation of PD-L1 Expression in Colorectal Carcinomas by Comparing Scoring Methods and Their Significance in Relation to Clinicopathologic Parameters. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:1007. [PMID: 38786305 PMCID: PMC11120294 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14101007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to evaluate PD-L1 expression in colorectal carcinomas (CRCs) by using the tumor proportion score (TPS) and the combined positive score (CPS), and to investigate whether there is a correlation with clinicopathologic features. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted that included samples from patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma treated with colon resection and rectal resection after neoadjuvant radio- and chemotherapy at the Department of Abdominal Surgery at Požega Hospital in the period from 2017 to 2022. The study included 102 tumor tissue samples from patients after resection and the pathohistological diagnosis of adenocarcinoma. RESULTS In our study, the PD-L1 positivity rate after the TPS was 42 (41%) samples, and after the CPS, 97 (95%) of them (p < 0.001). The positive expression of PD-L1 in tumor cells using the TPS method showed a statistically significant association with adenocarcinoma (TPS ≥ 10-50% and ≥50%). There were significantly more that were moderately differentiated, with TPS ≥ 50%, and those poorly differentiated had values ≥ 10-50%. There were significantly more patients with a status of more than one positive lymph node with TPS values ≥ 10-50%. Patients without metastases in the lymph nodes are significantly more likely to have CPS values > 50%, compared with other lymph node statuses. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the total number of PD-L1-expressing cells, including tumor and immune cells, is a more sensitive biomarker than the number of PD-L1-expressing tumor cells alone in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirela Frančina
- Požega General Hospital, 34000 Požega, Croatia; (M.F.); (M.M.); (B.L.); (K.M.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of J.J. Strossmayer, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (T.J.); (I.T.)
| | - Mislav Mikuš
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Marin Mamić
- Požega General Hospital, 34000 Požega, Croatia; (M.F.); (M.M.); (B.L.); (K.M.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of J.J. Strossmayer, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (T.J.); (I.T.)
| | - Tihomir Jovanović
- Faculty of Medicine, University of J.J. Strossmayer, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (T.J.); (I.T.)
- General Hospital Pakrac, 34550 Pakrac, Croatia
| | - Mario Ćorić
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Božica Lovrić
- Požega General Hospital, 34000 Požega, Croatia; (M.F.); (M.M.); (B.L.); (K.M.)
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, University of J.J. Strossmayer, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Ivan Vukoja
- Požega General Hospital, 34000 Požega, Croatia; (M.F.); (M.M.); (B.L.); (K.M.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of J.J. Strossmayer, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (T.J.); (I.T.)
| | - Goran Zukanović
- Požega General Hospital, 34000 Požega, Croatia; (M.F.); (M.M.); (B.L.); (K.M.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of J.J. Strossmayer, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (T.J.); (I.T.)
| | - Kristijan Matković
- Požega General Hospital, 34000 Požega, Croatia; (M.F.); (M.M.); (B.L.); (K.M.)
| | - Jasmina Rajc
- Faculty of Medicine, University of J.J. Strossmayer, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (T.J.); (I.T.)
- Clinical Hospital Center Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Ferdinand Slišurić
- Požega General Hospital, 34000 Požega, Croatia; (M.F.); (M.M.); (B.L.); (K.M.)
| | | | - Goran Augustin
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Ilijan Tomaš
- Faculty of Medicine, University of J.J. Strossmayer, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (T.J.); (I.T.)
- Clinical Hospital Center Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
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Ra H, Jeong S, Lee H, Chung JW, Kim KO, Lee WS, Kim J, Kwon KA, Kim JH. Clinicopathological Differences between Right and Left Colorectal Cancer by Sex. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2810. [PMID: 38792352 PMCID: PMC11122515 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13102810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Until now, studies on colorectal cancer (CRC) have focused on clinicopathological characteristics based on location without considering sex differences. However, as men and women have fundamentally different physiological characteristics, research results in the clinical field are limited. We aimed to elucidate the differences in the clinicopathological characteristics between right-sided CRC (RCC) and left-sided CRC (LCC) according to sex. Methods: We classified 1492 South Korean patients with no history of colon surgery between July 2005 and June 2015 based on tumor location and sex. For these patients, differences in the clinical characteristics according to sex were compared using univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: Of the 1269 patients, 951 (74.9%) had LCC, and 318 (25.1%) had RCC, making LCC approximately three times more common than RCC. When sex was not taken into account, patients with RCC had significantly higher rates of anemia and undifferentiated cancers than the rates in those with LCC. Even considering sex, anemia and undifferentiated cancer were more prevalent in RCC than in LCC in both men and women. In contrast, age over 65 years and abnormal white blood cell count differed between RCC and LCC only in women. Conclusions: The clinicopathologic characteristics of CRC vary according to the location and sex. Therefore, sex must be considered as a fundamental characteristic of personalized treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Ra
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon 21565, Republic of Korea; (H.R.); (H.L.); (J.-W.C.); (K.O.K.); (K.A.K.)
| | - Soyeon Jeong
- Gachon Biomedical Convergence Institute, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, College of Medicine, Incheon 21565, Republic of Korea;
- Gachon Medical Research Institute, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon 21565, Republic of Korea
| | - Hannah Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon 21565, Republic of Korea; (H.R.); (H.L.); (J.-W.C.); (K.O.K.); (K.A.K.)
| | - Jun-Won Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon 21565, Republic of Korea; (H.R.); (H.L.); (J.-W.C.); (K.O.K.); (K.A.K.)
| | - Kyoung Oh Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon 21565, Republic of Korea; (H.R.); (H.L.); (J.-W.C.); (K.O.K.); (K.A.K.)
| | - Won-Suk Lee
- Department of Surgery, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon 21565, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jisup Kim
- Department of Pathology, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon 21565, Republic of Korea;
| | - Kwang An Kwon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon 21565, Republic of Korea; (H.R.); (H.L.); (J.-W.C.); (K.O.K.); (K.A.K.)
| | - Jung Ho Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon 21565, Republic of Korea; (H.R.); (H.L.); (J.-W.C.); (K.O.K.); (K.A.K.)
- Gachon Biomedical Convergence Institute, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, College of Medicine, Incheon 21565, Republic of Korea;
- Gachon Medical Research Institute, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon 21565, Republic of Korea
- Department of Translational-Clinical Medicine, Gachon Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology (GAIHST), Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
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9
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Song J, Zhang Y, Zhou C, Zhan J, Cheng X, Huang H, Mao S, Zong Z. The dawn of a new Era: mRNA vaccines in colorectal cancer immunotherapy. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 132:112037. [PMID: 38599100 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a typical cancer that accounts for 10% of all new cancer cases annually and nearly 10% of all cancer deaths. Despite significant progress in current classical interventions for CRC, these traditional strategies could be invasive and with numerous adverse effects. The poor prognosis of CRC patients highlights the evident and pressing need for more efficient and targeted treatment. Novel strategies regarding mRNA vaccines for anti-tumor therapy have also been well-developed since the successful application for the prevention of COVID-19. mRNA vaccine technology won the 2023 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, signaling a new direction in human anti-cancer treatment: mRNA medicine. As a promising new immunotherapy in CRC and other multiple cancer treatments, the mRNA vaccine has higher specificity, better efficacy, and fewer side effects than traditional strategies. The present review outlines the basics of mRNA vaccines and their advantages over other vaccines and informs an available strategy for developing efficient mRNA vaccines for CRC precise treatment. In the future, more exploration of mRNA vaccines for CRC shall be attached, fostering innovation to address existing limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Song
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.1 MinDe Road, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China; School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yujun Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.1 MinDe Road, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China; Huankui Academy, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chulin Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.1 MinDe Road, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China; The Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jianhao Zhan
- Huankui Academy, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xifu Cheng
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Haoyu Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.1 MinDe Road, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shengxun Mao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.1 MinDe Road, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Zhen Zong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.1 MinDe Road, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China.
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10
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Wang M, Peng M, Yang X, Zhang Y, Wu T, Wang Z, Wang K. Preoperative prediction of microsatellite instability status: development and validation of a pan-cancer PET/CT-based radiomics model. Nucl Med Commun 2024; 45:372-380. [PMID: 38312051 DOI: 10.1097/mnm.0000000000001816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to verify the feasibility of preoperative prediction of patients' microsatellite instability status by applying a PET/CT-based radiation model. METHODS This retrospective study ultimately included 142 patients. Three prediction models have been developed. The predictive performance of all models was evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic curve and area under the curve values. The PET/CT radiological histology score (Radscore) was calculated to evaluate the microsatellite instability status, and the corresponding nomogram was established. The correlation between clinical factors and radiological characteristics was analyzed to verify the value of radiological characteristics in predicting microsatellite instability status. RESULTS Twelve features were retained to establish a comprehensive prediction model of radiological and clinical features. M phase of the tumor has been proven to be an independent predictor of microsatellite instability status. The receiver operating characteristic results showed that the area under the curve values of the training set and the validation set of the radiomics model were 0.82 and 0.75, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of the training set were 0.72, 0.78, 0.83 and 0.66, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of the validation set were 1.00, 0.50, 0.76 and 1.00, respectively. The risk of patients with microsatellite instability was calculated by Radscore and nomograph, and the cutoff value was -0.4385. The validity of the results was confirmed by the decision and calibration curves. CONCLUSION Radiological models based on PET/CT can provide clinical and practical noninvasive prediction of microsatellite instability status of several different cancer types, reducing or avoiding unnecessary biopsy to a certain extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menglu Wang
- Department of PET-CT, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin and
| | - Mengye Peng
- Department of PET-CT, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin and
| | - Xinyue Yang
- Department of PET-CT, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin and
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of PET-CT, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin and
| | - Tingting Wu
- Department of PET-CT, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin and
| | - Zeyu Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Kezheng Wang
- Department of PET-CT, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin and
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11
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Ugai T, Shimizu T, Kawamura H, Ugai S, Takashima Y, Usui G, Väyrynen JP, Okadome K, Haruki K, Akimoto N, Masugi Y, da Silva A, Mima K, Zhang X, Chan AT, Wang M, Garrett WS, Freeman GJ, Meyerhardt JA, Nowak JA, Song M, Giannakis M, Ogino S. Inverse relationship between Fusobacterium nucleatum amount and tumor CD274 (PD-L1) expression in colorectal carcinoma. Clin Transl Immunology 2023; 12:e1453. [PMID: 37538192 PMCID: PMC10394676 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The CD274 (programmed cell death 1 ligand 1, PD-L1)/PDCD1 (programmed cell death 1, PD-1) immune checkpoint axis is known to regulate the antitumor immune response. Evidence also supports an immunosuppressive effect of Fusobacterium nucleatum. We hypothesised that tumor CD274 overexpression might be inversely associated with abundance of F. nucleatum in colorectal carcinoma. Methods We assessed tumor CD274 expression by immunohistochemistry and F. nucleatum DNA within tumor tissue by quantitative PCR in 812 cases among 4465 incident rectal and colon cancer cases that had occurred in two prospective cohort studies. Multivariable logistic regression analyses with inverse probability weighting were used to adjust for selection bias because of tissue data availability and potential confounders including microsatellite instability status, CpG island methylator phenotype, LINE-1 methylation level and KRAS, BRAF and PIK3CA mutations. Results Fusobacterium nucleatum DNA was detected in tumor tissue in 109 (13%) cases. Tumor CD274 expression level was inversely associated with the amount of F. nucleatum in colorectal cancer tissue (P = 0.0077). For one category-unit increase in three ordinal F. nucleatum categories (negative vs. low vs. high), multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (with 95% confidence interval) of the low, intermediate and high CD274 categories (vs. negative) were 0.78 (0.41-1.51), 0.64 (0.32-1.28) and 0.50 (0.25-0.99), respectively (P trend = 0.032). Conclusions Tumor CD274 expression level was inversely associated with the amount of F. nucleatum in colorectal cancer tissue, suggesting that different immunosuppressive mechanisms (i.e. PDCD1 immune checkpoint activation and tumor F. nucleatum enrichment) tend to be used by different tumor subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomotaka Ugai
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of PathologyBrigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
- Department of EpidemiologyHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMAUSA
| | - Takashi Shimizu
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of PathologyBrigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Hidetaka Kawamura
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of PathologyBrigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Satoko Ugai
- Department of EpidemiologyHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMAUSA
| | - Yasutoshi Takashima
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of PathologyBrigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Genki Usui
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of PathologyBrigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Juha P Väyrynen
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of PathologyBrigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
- Department of Medical OncologyDana‐Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center OuluOulu University Hospital and University of OuluOuluFinland
| | - Kazuo Okadome
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of PathologyBrigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Koichiro Haruki
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of PathologyBrigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Naohiko Akimoto
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of PathologyBrigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Yohei Masugi
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of PathologyBrigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | | | - Kosuke Mima
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical SciencesKumamoto UniversityKumamotoJapan
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of MedicineBrigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
- Department of NutritionHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMAUSA
| | - Andrew T Chan
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of MedicineBrigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology UnitMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
- Division of GastroenterologyMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMAUSA
- Department of Immunology and Infectious DiseasesHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMAUSA
| | - Molin Wang
- Department of EpidemiologyHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMAUSA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of MedicineBrigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
- Department of BiostatisticsHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMAUSA
| | - Wendy S Garrett
- Department of Medical OncologyDana‐Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
- Department of Immunology and Infectious DiseasesHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMAUSA
- Department of Molecular MetabolismHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMAUSA
- Harvard T.H. Chan Microbiome in Public Health CenterBostonMAUSA
- Broad Institute of MIT and HarvardCambridgeMAUSA
- Department of MedicineBrigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Gordon J Freeman
- Department of Medical OncologyDana‐Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Jeffrey A Meyerhardt
- Department of Medical OncologyDana‐Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Jonathan A Nowak
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of PathologyBrigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Mingyang Song
- Department of NutritionHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMAUSA
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology UnitMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
- Division of GastroenterologyMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMAUSA
| | - Marios Giannakis
- Department of Medical OncologyDana‐Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
- Broad Institute of MIT and HarvardCambridgeMAUSA
- Department of MedicineBrigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Shuji Ogino
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of PathologyBrigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
- Department of EpidemiologyHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMAUSA
- Broad Institute of MIT and HarvardCambridgeMAUSA
- Cancer Immunology and Cancer Epidemiology ProgramsDana‐Farber Harvard Cancer CenterBostonMAUSA
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12
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Martinis E, Ricci C, Trevisan C, Tomadini G, Tonon S. Cancer Vaccines: From the State of the Art to the Most Promising Frontiers in the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1969. [PMID: 37514155 PMCID: PMC10383643 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15071969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer represents 10% of all new cancer cases each year and accounts for almost 10% of all cancer deaths. According to the WHO, by 2040 there will be a 60% increase in colorectal cancer cases. These data highlight the need to explore new therapeutic strategies. Classical interventions include surgical resection, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, which are invasive strategies that have many side effects on the patients and greatly affect their quality of life. A great advance in the treatment of this cancer type, as well as of all the others, could be the development of a vaccination strategy preventing the onset, the progression or the relapse of the pathology. In this review, we summarize the main vaccination strategies that are being studied for the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) and finally explore the possibility of using B-cells for the development of a new type of vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Martinis
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Piazzale Kolbe 4 Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Carolina Ricci
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Piazzale Kolbe 4 Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Caterina Trevisan
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Piazzale Kolbe 4 Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Gaia Tomadini
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Piazzale Kolbe 4 Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Silvia Tonon
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Piazzale Kolbe 4 Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
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13
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Zhao M, Lau MC, Haruki K, Väyrynen JP, Gurjao C, Väyrynen SA, Dias Costa A, Borowsky J, Fujiyoshi K, Arima K, Hamada T, Lennerz JK, Fuchs CS, Nishihara R, Chan AT, Ng K, Zhang X, Meyerhardt JA, Song M, Wang M, Giannakis M, Nowak JA, Yu KH, Ugai T, Ogino S. Bayesian risk prediction model for colorectal cancer mortality through integration of clinicopathologic and genomic data. NPJ Precis Oncol 2023; 7:57. [PMID: 37301916 PMCID: PMC10257677 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-023-00406-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Routine tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging of colorectal cancer is imperfect in predicting survival due to tumor pathobiological heterogeneity and imprecise assessment of tumor spread. We leveraged Bayesian additive regression trees (BART), a statistical learning technique, to comprehensively analyze patient-specific tumor characteristics for the improvement of prognostic prediction. Of 75 clinicopathologic, immune, microbial, and genomic variables in 815 stage II-III patients within two U.S.-wide prospective cohort studies, the BART risk model identified seven stable survival predictors. Risk stratifications (low risk, intermediate risk, and high risk) based on model-predicted survival were statistically significant (hazard ratios 0.19-0.45, vs. higher risk; P < 0.0001) and could be externally validated using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data (P = 0.0004). BART demonstrated model flexibility, interpretability, and comparable or superior performance to other machine-learning models. Integrated bioinformatic analyses using BART with tumor-specific factors can robustly stratify colorectal cancer patients into prognostic groups and be readily applied to clinical oncology practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Zhao
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Mai Chan Lau
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Koichiro Haruki
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Juha P Väyrynen
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Carino Gurjao
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sara A Väyrynen
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andressa Dias Costa
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer Borowsky
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Center for Integrated Diagnostics, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kenji Fujiyoshi
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kota Arima
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tsuyoshi Hamada
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jochen K Lennerz
- Department of Pathology, Center for Integrated Diagnostics, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Reiko Nishihara
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew T Chan
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kimmie Ng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Meyerhardt
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mingyang Song
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Molin Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marios Giannakis
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan A Nowak
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kun-Hsing Yu
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tomotaka Ugai
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shuji Ogino
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
- Cancer Immunology and Cancer Epidemiology Programs, Dana-Farber Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA.
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14
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Garza Treviño EN, Quiroz Reyes AG, Rojas Murillo JA, de la Garza Kalife DA, Delgado Gonzalez P, Islas JF, Estrada Rodriguez AE, Gonzalez Villarreal CA. Cell Therapy as Target Therapy against Colon Cancer Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098163. [PMID: 37175871 PMCID: PMC10179203 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a small subpopulation of cells within tumors with properties, such as self-renewal, differentiation, and tumorigenicity. CSCs have been proposed as a plausible therapeutic target as they are responsible for tumor recurrence, metastasis, and conventional therapy resistance. Selectively targeting CSCs is a promising strategy to eliminate the propagation of tumor cells and impair overall tumor development. Recent research shows that several immune cells play a crucial role in regulating tumor cell proliferation by regulating different CSC maintenance or proliferation pathways. There have been great advances in cellular immunotherapy using T cells, natural killer (NK) cells, macrophages, or stem cells for the selective targeting of tumor cells or CSCs in colorectal cancer (CRC). This review summarizes the CRC molecular profiles that may benefit from said therapy and the main vehicles used in cell therapy against CSCs. We also discuss the challenges, limitations, and advantages of combining conventional and/or current targeted treatments in the late stages of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa N Garza Treviño
- Laboratorio de Terapia Celular, Departamento de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Av. Dr. José Eleuterio González 235, Monterrey 64460, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Adriana G Quiroz Reyes
- Laboratorio de Terapia Celular, Departamento de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Av. Dr. José Eleuterio González 235, Monterrey 64460, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Juan Antonio Rojas Murillo
- Laboratorio de Terapia Celular, Departamento de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Av. Dr. José Eleuterio González 235, Monterrey 64460, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - David A de la Garza Kalife
- Laboratorio de Terapia Celular, Departamento de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Av. Dr. José Eleuterio González 235, Monterrey 64460, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Paulina Delgado Gonzalez
- Laboratorio de Terapia Celular, Departamento de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Av. Dr. José Eleuterio González 235, Monterrey 64460, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Jose F Islas
- Laboratorio de Terapia Celular, Departamento de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Av. Dr. José Eleuterio González 235, Monterrey 64460, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Ana Esther Estrada Rodriguez
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Vicerrectoría de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Monterrey, Ignacio Morones Prieto 4500. Jesus M. Garza, San Pedro Garza García 66238, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Carlos A Gonzalez Villarreal
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Vicerrectoría de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Monterrey, Ignacio Morones Prieto 4500. Jesus M. Garza, San Pedro Garza García 66238, Nuevo León, Mexico
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15
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Ugai T, Haruki K, Harrison TA, Cao Y, Qu C, Chan AT, Campbell PT, Akimoto N, Berndt S, Brenner H, Buchanan DD, Chang-Claude J, Fujiyoshi K, Gallinger SJ, Gunter MJ, Hidaka A, Hoffmeister M, Hsu L, Jenkins MA, Milne RL, Moreno V, Newcomb PA, Nishihara R, Pai RK, Sakoda LC, Slattery ML, Sun W, Amitay EL, Alwers E, Thibodeau SN, Toland AE, Van Guelpen B, Woods MO, Zaidi SH, Potter JD, Giannakis M, Song M, Nowak JA, Phipps AI, Peters U, Ogino S. Molecular Characteristics of Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer According to Detailed Anatomical Locations: Comparison With Later-Onset Cases. Am J Gastroenterol 2023; 118:712-726. [PMID: 36707929 PMCID: PMC10065351 DOI: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000002171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Early-onset colorectal cancer diagnosed before the age of 50 years has been increasing. Likely reflecting the pathogenic role of the intestinal microbiome, which gradually changes across the entire colorectal length, the prevalence of certain tumor molecular characteristics gradually changes along colorectal subsites. Understanding how colorectal tumor molecular features differ by age and tumor location is important in personalized patient management. METHODS Using 14,004 cases with colorectal cancer including 3,089 early-onset cases, we examined microsatellite instability (MSI), CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP), and KRAS and BRAF mutations in carcinomas of the cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum and compared early-onset cases with later-onset cases. RESULTS The proportions of MSI-high, CIMP-high, and BRAF -mutated early-onset tumors were lowest in the rectum (8.8%, 3.4%, and 3.5%, respectively) and highest in the ascending colon (46% MSI-high; 15% CIMP-high) or transverse colon (8.6% BRAF -mutated) (all Ptrend <0.001 across the rectum to ascending colon). Compared with later-onset tumors, early-onset tumors showed a higher prevalence of MSI-high status and a lower prevalence of CIMP-high status and BRAF mutations in most subsites. KRAS mutation prevalence was higher in the cecum compared with that in the other subsites in both early-onset and later-onset tumors ( P < 0.001). Notably, later-onset MSI-high tumors showed a continuous decrease in KRAS mutation prevalence from the rectum (36%) to ascending colon (9%; Ptrend <0.001), followed by an increase in the cecum (14%), while early-onset MSI-high cancers showed no such trend. DISCUSSION Our findings support biogeographical and pathogenic heterogeneity of colorectal carcinomas in different colorectal subsites and age groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomotaka Ugai
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Koichiro Haruki
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Tabitha A. Harrison
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yin Cao
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Conghui Qu
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Andrew T. Chan
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Peter T. Campbell
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Naohiko Akimoto
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Sonja Berndt
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniel D. Buchanan
- Colorectal Oncogenomics Group, Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Genetic Medicine and Family Cancer Clinic, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, University Cancer Centre Hamburg (UCCH), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kenji Fujiyoshi
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Steven J. Gallinger
- Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marc J. Gunter
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Akihisa Hidaka
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Michael Hoffmeister
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Li Hsu
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Mark A. Jenkins
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Roger L. Milne
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Victor Moreno
- Oncology Data Analytics Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Colorectal Cancer Group, ONCOBELL Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Polly A. Newcomb
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Reiko Nishihara
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Rish K. Pai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Lori C. Sakoda
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA
| | | | - Wei Sun
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Efrat L. Amitay
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elizabeth Alwers
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stephen N. Thibodeau
- Division of Laboratory Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Amanda E. Toland
- Departments of Cancer Biology and Genetics and Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Bethany Van Guelpen
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology Unit, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Michael O. Woods
- Memorial University of Newfoundland, Discipline of Genetics, St. John’s, Canada
| | - Syed H. Zaidi
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - John D. Potter
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Marios Giannakis
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA
| | - Mingyang Song
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Jonathan A. Nowak
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Amanda I. Phipps
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Ulrike Peters
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Shuji Ogino
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA
- Cancer Immunology and Cancer Epidemiology Programs, Dana-Farber Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA
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16
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Ugai T, Akimoto N, Haruki K, Harrison TA, Cao Y, Qu C, Chan AT, Campbell PT, Berndt SI, Buchanan DD, Cross AJ, Diergaarde B, Gallinger SJ, Gunter MJ, Harlid S, Hidaka A, Hoffmeister M, Brenner H, Chang-Claude J, Hsu L, Jenkins MA, Lin Y, Milne RL, Moreno V, Newcomb PA, Nishihara R, Obon-Santacana M, Pai RK, Sakoda LC, Schoen RE, Slattery ML, Sun W, Amitay EL, Alwers E, Thibodeau SN, Toland AE, Van Guelpen B, Zaidi SH, Potter JD, Meyerhardt JA, Giannakis M, Song M, Nowak JA, Peters U, Phipps AI, Ogino S. Prognostic role of detailed colorectal location and tumor molecular features: analyses of 13,101 colorectal cancer patients including 2994 early-onset cases. J Gastroenterol 2023; 58:229-245. [PMID: 36648535 PMCID: PMC10203916 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-023-01955-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathogenic effect of colorectal tumor molecular features may be influenced by several factors, including those related to microbiota, inflammation, metabolism, and epigenetics, which may change along colorectal segments. We hypothesized that the prognostic association of colon cancer location might differ by tumor molecular characteristics. METHODS Utilizing a consortium dataset of 13,101 colorectal cancer cases, including 2994 early-onset cases, we conducted survival analyses of detailed tumor location stratified by statuses of microsatellite instability (MSI), CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP), and KRAS and BRAF oncogenic mutation. RESULTS There was a statistically significant trend for better colon cancer-specific survival in relation to tumor location from the cecum to sigmoid colon (Ptrend = 0.002), excluding the rectum. The prognostic association of colon location differed by MSI status (Pinteraction = 0.001). Non-MSI-high tumors exhibited the cecum-to-sigmoid trend for better colon cancer-specific survival [Ptrend < 0.001; multivariable hazard ratio (HR) for the sigmoid colon (vs. cecum), 0.80; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.70-0.92], whereas MSI-high tumors demonstrated a suggestive cecum-to-sigmoid trend for worse survival (Ptrend = 0.020; the corresponding HR, 2.13; 95% CI 1.15-3.92). The prognostic association of colon tumor location also differed by CIMP status (Pinteraction = 0.003) but not significantly by age, stage, or other features. Furthermore, MSI-high status was a favorable prognostic indicator in all stages. CONCLUSIONS Both detailed colonic location and tumor molecular features need to be accounted for colon cancer prognostication to advance precision medicine. Our study indicates the important role of large-scale studies to robustly examine detailed colonic subsites in molecular oncology research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomotaka Ugai
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 221 Longwood Ave., EBRC Room 404, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Naohiko Akimoto
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 221 Longwood Ave., EBRC Room 404, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Koichiro Haruki
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 221 Longwood Ave., EBRC Room 404, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Tabitha A Harrison
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yin Cao
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Conghui Qu
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Andrew T Chan
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peter T Campbell
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Sonja I Berndt
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Daniel D Buchanan
- Colorectal Oncogenomics Group, Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Genetic Medicine and Family Cancer Clinic, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Amanda J Cross
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, UK
| | - Brenda Diergaarde
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, and UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Steven J Gallinger
- Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Marc J Gunter
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Sophia Harlid
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology Unit, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Akihisa Hidaka
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Michael Hoffmeister
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (Deutschen Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung), German Cancer Research Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Cancer Epidemiology Group, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Li Hsu
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Mark A Jenkins
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Yi Lin
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Roger L Milne
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Victor Moreno
- Unit of Biomarkers and Susceptibility, Oncology Data Analytics Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Colorectal Cancer Group, ONCOBELL Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Polly A Newcomb
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Reiko Nishihara
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 221 Longwood Ave., EBRC Room 404, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mireia Obon-Santacana
- Unit of Biomarkers and Susceptibility, Oncology Data Analytics Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Colorectal Cancer Group, ONCOBELL Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rish K Pai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Lori C Sakoda
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Robert E Schoen
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Martha L Slattery
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Wei Sun
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Efrat L Amitay
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elizabeth Alwers
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stephen N Thibodeau
- Division of Laboratory Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Amanda E Toland
- Departments of Cancer Biology and Genetics and Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Bethany Van Guelpen
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology Unit, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Syed H Zaidi
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - John D Potter
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Research Centre for Hauora and Health, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand
| | | | - Marios Giannakis
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Mingyang Song
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan A Nowak
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 221 Longwood Ave., EBRC Room 404, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Ulrike Peters
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Amanda I Phipps
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Shuji Ogino
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 221 Longwood Ave., EBRC Room 404, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Cancer Immunology and Cancer Epidemiology Programs, Dana-Farber Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA.
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Paula Simedan Vila A, Helena Rodrigues G, Leite Marzochi L, Garcia de Oliveira-Cucolo J, Lívia Silva Galbiatti-Dias A, Felipe Maciel Andrade R, de Santi Neto D, Gomes Netinho J, Castiglioni L, Cristina Pavarino É, Maria Goloni-Bertollo E. EPIDEMIOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR EVALUATION OF BRAF, KRAS, NRAS GENES, AND MSI IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF COLORECTAL CANCER. Gene 2023; 870:147395. [PMID: 36990254 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES KRAS, NRAS, BRAF Mutations and microsatellite instability (MSI) can be associated with Colorectal Cancer (CRC) development. MATERIAL AND METHODS We evaluated 828 medical records of CRC patients from a school hospital from January/2016 to December/2020. Variables such as age, gender, ethnicity, literacy level, smoking, alcoholism, primary anatomical site, tumor staging, presence of BRAFV600E, KRAS, NRAS and MSI mutations, survival and metastasis were identified. The statistical analyses were performed (p<0.05 is significant. RESULTS There was a predominance of males (51.93%), whites (90.70%), low education (72.34%), smokers (73.79%), and non- alcoholics (79.10%). Rectum was the most affected site (42.14%), advanced tumor stage was most prevalent (62.07%), and metastasis occurred in (64.61%). Of the enrolled patients; 204 were investigated for BRAF mutation and detected in (2.94%); 216 for KRAS gene and detected in (26.08%); 210 for NRAS gene, and detected in (25.36%); 370 for MSI, and detected in (44.68%). A significant association of CRC with NRAS mutation and alcohol habit (p = 0.043) was observed. The presence of MSI was associated with primary site proximal colon (p<0.000), distal colon (p=0.001) and rectum (p=0.010). CONCLUSION Patients with CRC are male, over 64 years old, white, with low education, smokers and non-alcoholics. The most affected primary site is rectum in advanced stage with metastasis. CRC is associated with NRAS mutation and alcohol habit, there is increased risk for primary site of proximal colon and MSI; decreased risk for distal colon and rectum in the presence of MSI mutation.
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18
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Qiu YY, Zeng YX, Cheng Y. Are High Levels of Microsatellite Instability and Microsatellite Stability Identical in DNA Mismatch Repair-Deficient Colorectal Cancer Patients? Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 2023:8370262. [PMID: 36937571 PMCID: PMC10017221 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8370262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of the current study was to determine whether there is a difference between high levels of microsatellite instability (MSI-H) and microsatellite stability (MSS) in DNA mismatch repair-deficient (DMMR) colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Methods A total of 452 CRC patients with DMMR from December, 2014, to April, 2021, in our hospital were selected retrospectively. However, only 105 patients underwent Sanger or next-generation-sequencing (NGS) to confirm their microsatellite status. Ultimately, 55 MSI-H patients and 20 MSS patients with intact medical record information were included in this study. Results The MSS group was associated with a higher mutation rate in the KRAS gene (P=0.011). Meanwhile, MSI-H was related to colon cancer (P < 0.01). However, no significant differences in other clinical characteristics were observed between the two groups of patients. There was no significant difference between the MSI-H and MSS groups in terms of overall survival (OS) (P=0.398) and disease-free survival (DFS) (P=0.307). Conclusion The MSI-H status was associated with colon cancer and a lower mutation rate of the KRAS gene in DMMR patients. In CRC-DMMR patients, the MSS group exhibited better OS and DFS than the MSI-H group, although these differences were not statistically significant. Accordingly, in clinical practice, we should not confuse these two types of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Yu Qiu
- 1Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yi-Xin Zeng
- 2Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yong Cheng
- 1Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
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19
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Geddes AE, Ray AL, Nofchissey RA, Esmaeili A, Saunders A, Bender DE, Khan M, Aravindan S, Ahrendsen JT, Li M, Fung KM, Jayaraman M, Yang J, Booth KK, Dunn GD, Carter SN, Morris KT. An analysis of sexual dimorphism in the tumor microenvironment of colorectal cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:986103. [PMID: 36387163 PMCID: PMC9651089 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.986103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Women with colorectal cancer (CRC) have survival advantages over men, yet the underlying mechanisms are unclear. T cell infiltration within the CRC tumor microenvironment (TME) correlates strongly with survival. We hypothesized that women with CRC have increased T cell infiltration and differential gene expression in the TME compared to men. Tissue microarrays comprising primary tumor, tumor infiltrated lymph nodes, and uninvolved colon were created from CRC patients. Proportions of CD4 positive (CD4+) and CD8 positive (CD8+) T cells were identified using immunohistochemistry. TME immune- and cancer-related genetic expression from primary and metastatic CRC tumor were also evaluated via the NanoStringIO360 panel and The Cancer Genome Atlas Project database. CD4+ was higher in tumor samples from women compared to men (22.04% vs. 10.26%, p=0.002) and also in lymph node samples (39.54% vs. 8.56%, p=0.001). CD8+ was increased in uninvolved colon from women compared to men (59.40% vs. 43.61%, p=0.015), and in stage I/II tumors compared to III/IV in all patients (37.01% vs. 23.91%, p=0.009). Top CD8+ tertile patients survived longer compared to the bottom (43.9 months vs. 25.3 months, p=0.007). Differential gene expression was observed in pathways related to Treg function, T cell activity, and T cell exhaustion, amongst several others, in women compared to men. Thus, significant sexual dimorphism exists in the TME that could contribute to survival advantages observed in female patients with CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea E. Geddes
- Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Anita L. Ray
- Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Robert A. Nofchissey
- Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Azadeh Esmaeili
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Apryl Saunders
- Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Dawn E. Bender
- Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Maaz Khan
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Sheeja Aravindan
- University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Stephenson Cancer Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Jared T. Ahrendsen
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Min Li
- Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States,Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Kar-Ming Fung
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States,University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Stephenson Cancer Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Muralidharan Jayaraman
- University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Stephenson Cancer Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States,Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Jingxuan Yang
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Kristina K. Booth
- Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Gary D. Dunn
- Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Steven N. Carter
- Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Katherine T. Morris
- Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States,*Correspondence: Katherine T. Morris,
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20
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Ding YN, Xue M, Tang QS, Wang LJ, Ding HY, Li H, Gao CC, Yu WP. Immunotherapy-based novel nanoparticles in the treatment of gastrointestinal cancer: Trends and challenges. World J Gastroenterol 2022; 28:5403-5419. [PMID: 36312831 PMCID: PMC9611702 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i37.5403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal cancer (GIC) is the most common cancer with a poor prognosis. Currently, surgery is the main treatment for GIC. However, the high rate of postoperative recurrence leads to a low five-year survival rate. In recent years, immunotherapy has received much attention. As the only immunotherapy drugs approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) drugs have great potential in cancer therapy. Nevertheless, the efficacy of ICB treatment is greatly limited by the low immunogenicity and immunosuppressive microenvironment of GIC. Therefore, the targets of immunotherapy have expanded from ICB to increasing tumor immunogenicity, increasing the recruitment and maturation of immune cells and reducing the proportion of inhibitory immune cells, such as M2-like macrophages, regulatory T cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Moreover, with the development of nanotechnology, a variety of nanoparticles have been approved by the FDA for clinical therapy, so novel nanodrug delivery systems have become a research focus for anticancer therapy. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the application of immunotherapy-based nanoparticles in GICs, such as gastric cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, colorectal cancer and pancreatic cancer, and described the existing challenges and future trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Nan Ding
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ming Xue
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qiu-Sha Tang
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Li-Jun Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hui-Yan Ding
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Han Li
- Department of Tuberculosis, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Cheng-Cheng Gao
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wei-Ping Yu
- Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
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21
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Ugai T, Sasamoto N, Lee HY, Ando M, Song M, Tamimi RM, Kawachi I, Campbell PT, Giovannucci EL, Weiderpass E, Rebbeck TR, Ogino S. Is early-onset cancer an emerging global epidemic? Current evidence and future implications. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2022; 19:656-673. [PMID: 36068272 PMCID: PMC9509459 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-022-00672-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Over the past several decades, the incidence of early-onset cancers, often defined as cancers diagnosed in adults <50 years of age, in the breast, colorectum, endometrium, oesophagus, extrahepatic bile duct, gallbladder, head and neck, kidney, liver, bone marrow, pancreas, prostate, stomach and thyroid has increased in multiple countries. Increased use of screening programmes has contributed to this phenomenon to a certain extent, although a genuine increase in the incidence of early-onset forms of several cancer types also seems to have emerged. Evidence suggests an aetiological role of risk factor exposures in early life and young adulthood. Since the mid-20th century, substantial multigenerational changes in the exposome have occurred (including changes in diet, lifestyle, obesity, environment and the microbiome, all of which might interact with genomic and/or genetic susceptibilities). However, the effects of individual exposures remain largely unknown. To study early-life exposures and their implications for multiple cancer types will require prospective cohort studies with dedicated biobanking and data collection technologies. Raising awareness among both the public and health-care professionals will also be critical. In this Review, we describe changes in the incidence of early-onset cancers globally and suggest measures that are likely to reduce the burden of cancers and other chronic non-communicable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomotaka Ugai
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Naoko Sasamoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hwa-Young Lee
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Institute of Convergence Science, Convergence Science Academy, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mariko Ando
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mingyang Song
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rulla M Tamimi
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ichiro Kawachi
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peter T Campbell
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Edward L Giovannucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Timothy R Rebbeck
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Population Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Zhu Family Center for Global Cancer Prevention, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shuji Ogino
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Cancer Immunology and Cancer Epidemiology Programs, Dana-Farber Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA.
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22
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Wang F, Ugai T, Haruki K, Wan Y, Akimoto N, Arima K, Zhong R, Twombly TS, Wu K, Yin K, Chan AT, Giannakis M, Nowak JA, Meyerhardt JA, Liang L, Song M, Smith‐Warner SA, Zhang X, Giovannucci EL, Willett WC, Ogino S. Healthy and unhealthy plant-based diets in relation to the incidence of colorectal cancer overall and by molecular subtypes. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e893. [PMID: 35998061 PMCID: PMC9398226 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant-based foods have been recommended for health. However, not all plant foods are healthy, and little is known about the association between plant-based diets and specific molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer (CRC). We examined the associations of healthy and unhealthy plant-based diets with the incidence of CRC and its molecular subtypes. METHODS While 123 773 participants of the Nurses' Health Study and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study had been followed up (3 143 158 person-years), 3077 of them had developed CRC. Healthy and unhealthy plant-based diet indices (hPDI and uPDI, respectively) were calculated using repeated food frequency questionnaire data. We determined the tumoural status of microsatellite instability (MSI), CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP), and BRAF and KRAS mutations. RESULTS Higher hPDI was associated with lower CRC incidence (multivariable hazard ratio [HR] comparing extreme quartiles, 0.86, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.77, 0.96; P-trend = .04), whereas higher uPDI was associated with higher CRC incidence (multivariable HR comparing extreme quartiles, 1.16, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.29; P-trend = .005). The association of hPDI significantly differed by KRAS status (P-heterogeneity = .003) but not by other tumour markers. The hPDI was associated with lower incidence of KRAS-wildtype CRC (multivariable HR comparing extreme quartiles, 0.74, 95% CI: 0.57, 0.96; P-trend = .004) but not KRAS-mutant CRC (P-trend = .22). CONCLUSIONS While unhealthy plant-based diet enriched with refined grains and sugar is associated with higher CRC incidence, healthy plant-based diet rich in whole grains, fruits and vegetables is associated with lower incidence of CRC, especially KRAS-wildtype CRC.
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23
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Xu M, Chang J, Wang W, Wang X, Wang X, Weng W, Tan C, Zhang M, Ni S, Wang L, Huang Z, Deng Z, Li W, Huang D, Sheng W. Classification of colon adenocarcinoma based on immunological characterizations: Implications for prognosis and immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:934083. [PMID: 35967414 PMCID: PMC9363576 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.934083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Accurate immune molecular typing is pivotal for screening out patients with colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) who may benefit from immunotherapy and whose tumor microenvironment (TME) was needed for reprogramming to beneficial immune-mediated responses. However, little is known about the immune characteristic of COAD. Here, by calculating the enrichment score of immune characteristics in three online COAD datasets (TCGA-COAD, GSE39582, and GSE17538), we identified 17 prognostic-related immune characteristics that overlapped in at least two datasets. We determined that COADs could be stratified into three immune subtypes (IS1–IS3), based on consensus clustering of these 17 immune characteristics. Each of the three ISs was associated with distinct clinicopathological characteristics, genetic aberrations, tumor-infiltrating immune cell composition, immunophenotyping (immune “hot” and immune “cold”), and cytokine profiles, as well as different clinical outcomes and immunotherapy/therapeutic response. Patients with the IS1 tumor had high immune infiltration but immunosuppressive phenotype, IS3 tumor is an immune “hot” phenotype, whereas those with the IS2 tumor had an immune “cold” phenotype. We further verified the distinct immune phenotype of IS1 and IS3 by an in-house COAD cohort. We propose that the immune subtyping can be utilized to identify COAD patients who will be affected by the tumor immune microenvironment. Furthermore, the ISs may provide a guide for personalized cancer immunotherapy and for tumor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Midie Xu
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical college, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Pathology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinjia Chang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical college, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenfeng Wang
- Shanghai Urological Cancer Institute, Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical college, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Pathology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical college, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Pathology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiwei Weng
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical college, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Pathology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cong Tan
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical college, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Pathology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical college, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Pathology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shujuan Ni
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical college, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Pathology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical college, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Pathology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaohui Huang
- Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhenzhong Deng
- Department of Oncology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Weiqi Sheng, ; Dan Huang, ; Wenhua Li, ; Zhenzhong Deng,
| | - Wenhua Li
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical college, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Weiqi Sheng, ; Dan Huang, ; Wenhua Li, ; Zhenzhong Deng,
| | - Dan Huang
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical college, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Pathology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Weiqi Sheng, ; Dan Huang, ; Wenhua Li, ; Zhenzhong Deng,
| | - Weiqi Sheng
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical college, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Pathology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Weiqi Sheng, ; Dan Huang, ; Wenhua Li, ; Zhenzhong Deng,
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24
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Luo R, Li Y, Wu Z, Zhang Y, Luo J, Yang K, Qin X, Wang H, Huang R, Wang H, Luo H. Comprehensive Analysis of Microsatellite-Related Transcriptomic Signature and Identify Its Clinical Value in Colon Cancer. Front Surg 2022; 9:871823. [PMID: 35433823 PMCID: PMC9008782 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.871823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Microsatellite has been proved to be an important prognostic factor and a treatment reference in colon cancer. The transcriptome profile and tumor microenvironment of different microsatellite statuses are different. Metastatic colon cancer patients with microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) are sensitive to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), but not fluorouracil. Efforts have been devoted to identify the predictive factors of immunotherapy. Methods We analyzed the transcriptome profile of different microsatellite statuses in colon cancer by using single-cell and bulk transcriptome data from publicly available databases. The immune cells in the tumor microenvironment were analyzed by the ESTIMATION algorithm. The microsatellite-related gene signature (MSRS) was constructed by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression based on the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and its prognostic value and predictive value of response to immunotherapy were assessed. The prognostic value of the MSRS was also validated in another cohort. Results The MSI-H cancers cells were clustered differentially in the dimension reduction plot. Most of the immune cells have a higher proportion in the tumor immune microenvironment, except for CD56 bright natural killer cells. A total of 238 DEGs were identified. Based on the 238 DEGs, a neural network was constructed with a Kappa coefficient of 0.706 in the testing cohort. The MSRS is a favorable prognostic factor of overall survival, which was also validated in another cohort (GSE39582). Besides, MSRS is correlated with tumor mutation burden in MSI-H colon cancer. However, the MSRS is a barely satisfactory factor in predicting immunotherapy with the area under the curve (AUC) of 0.624. Conclusion We developed the MSRS, which is a robust prognostic factor of overall survival in spite of a barely satisfactory immunotherapy predictor. Further studies may need to improve the predictive ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Luo
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhijie Wu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanxin Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Luo
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Keli Yang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiusen Qin
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huaiming Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rongkang Huang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Rongkang Huang
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Hui Wang
| | - Hongzhi Luo
- Department of Tumor Surgery, Zhongshan City People's Hospital, Zhongshan, China
- Hongzhi Luo
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25
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Ionica E, Gaina G, Tica M, Chifiriuc MC, Gradisteanu-Pircalabioru G. Contribution of Epithelial and Gut Microbiome Inflammatory Biomarkers to the Improvement of Colorectal Cancer Patients' Stratification. Front Oncol 2022; 11:811486. [PMID: 35198435 PMCID: PMC8859258 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.811486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to ensure that primary endpoints of clinical studies are attained, the patients' stratification is an important aspect. Selection criteria include age, gender, and also specific biomarkers, such as inflammation scores. These criteria are not sufficient to achieve a straightforward selection, however, in case of multifactorial diseases, with unknown or partially identified mechanisms, occasionally including host factors, and the microbiome. In these cases, the efficacy of interventions is difficult to predict, and as a result, the selection of subjects is often random. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a highly heterogeneous disease, with variable clinical features, outcomes, and response to therapy; the CRC onset and progress involves multiple sequential steps with accumulation of genetic alterations, namely, mutations, gene amplification, and epigenetic changes. The gut microbes, either eubiotic or dysbiotic, could influence the CRC evolution through a complex and versatile crosstalk with the intestinal and immune cells, permanently changing the tumor microenvironment. There have been significant advances in the development of personalized approaches for CRC screening, treatment, and potential prevention. Advances in molecular techniques bring new criteria for patients' stratification-mutational analysis at the time of diagnosis to guide treatment, for example. Gut microbiome has emerged as the main trigger of gut mucosal homeostasis. This may impact cancer susceptibility through maintenance of the epithelial/mucus barrier and production of protective metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) via interactions with the hosts' diet and metabolism. Microbiome dysbiosis leads to the enrichment of cancer-promoting bacterial populations, loss of protective populations or maintaining an inflammatory chronic state, all of which contribute to the development and progression of CRC. Meanwhile, variations in patient responses to anti-cancer immuno- and chemotherapies were also linked to inter-individual differences in intestine microbiomes. The authors aim to highlight the contribution of epithelial and gut microbiome inflammatory biomarkers in the improvement of CRC patients' stratification towards a personalized approach of early diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Ionica
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gisela Gaina
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Neuroscience and Experimental Miology, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela Tica
- Bucharest Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mariana-Carmen Chifiriuc
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- Biological Science Division, Romanian Academy of Sciences, Bucharest, Romania
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Ugai T, Väyrynen JP, Haruki K, Akimoto N, Lau MC, Zhong R, Kishikawa J, Väyrynen SA, Zhao M, Fujiyoshi K, Dias Costa A, Borowsky J, Arima K, Guerriero JL, Fuchs CS, Zhang X, Song M, Wang M, Giannakis M, Meyerhardt JA, Nowak JA, Ogino S. Smoking and Incidence of Colorectal Cancer Subclassified by Tumor-Associated Macrophage Infiltrates. J Natl Cancer Inst 2022; 114:68-77. [PMID: 34264325 PMCID: PMC8755510 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djab142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biological evidence indicates that smoking can influence macrophage functions and polarization, thereby promoting tumor evolution. We hypothesized that the association of smoking with colorectal cancer incidence might differ by macrophage infiltrates. METHODS Using the Nurses' Health Study and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study, we examined the association of smoking with incidence of colorectal cancer subclassified by macrophage counts. Multiplexed immunofluorescence (for CD68, CD86, IRF5, MAF, and MRC1 [CD206]) combined with digital image analysis and machine learning was used to identify overall, M1-polarized, and M2-polarized macrophages in tumor. We used inverse-probability-weighted multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models to control for potential confounders and selection bias because of tissue data availability. All statistical tests were 2-sided. RESULTS During follow-up of 131 144 participants (3 648 370 person-years), we documented 3092 incident colorectal cancer cases, including 871 cases with available macrophage data. The association of pack-years smoked with colorectal cancer incidence differed by stromal macrophage densities (Pheterogeneity = .003). Compared with never smoking, multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) for tumors with low macrophage densities were 1.32 (0.97 to 1.79) for 1-19 pack-years, 1.31 (0.92 to 1.85) for 20-39 pack-years, and 1.74 (1.26 to 2.41) for 40 or more pack-years (Ptrend = .004). In contrast, pack-years smoked was not statistically significantly associated with the incidence of tumors having intermediate or high macrophage densities (Ptrend > .009, with an α level of .005). No statistically significant differential association was found for colorectal cancer subclassified by M1-like or M2-like macrophages. CONCLUSIONS The association of smoking with colorectal cancer incidence is stronger for tumors with lower stromal macrophage counts. Our findings suggest an interplay of smoking and macrophages in colorectal carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomotaka Ugai
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Juha P Väyrynen
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Koichiro Haruki
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Naohiko Akimoto
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mai Chan Lau
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rong Zhong
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Junko Kishikawa
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sara A Väyrynen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Melissa Zhao
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kenji Fujiyoshi
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andressa Dias Costa
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer Borowsky
- Conjoint Gastroenterology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kota Arima
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer L Guerriero
- Breast Tumor Immunology Laboratory, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Charles S Fuchs
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Smilow Cancer Hospital, New Haven, CT, USA
- Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mingyang Song
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Molin Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marios Giannakis
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Meyerhardt
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan A Nowak
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shuji Ogino
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Cancer Immunology and Cancer Epidemiology Programs, Dana-Farber Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Correspondence to: Shuji Ogino, MD, PhD, MS, Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 221 Longwood Ave, EBRC Rm 404A, Boston, MA 02115, USA (e-mail: )
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27
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Dai J, Nishi A, Tran N, Yamamoto Y, Dewey G, Ugai T, Ogino S. Revisiting social MPE: an integration of molecular pathological epidemiology and social science in the new era of precision medicine. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2021; 21:869-886. [PMID: 34253130 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2021.1952073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Molecular pathological epidemiology (MPE) is an integrative transdisciplinary area examining the relationships between various exposures and pathogenic signatures of diseases. In line with the accelerating advancements in MPE, social science and its health-related interdisciplinary areas have also developed rapidly. Accumulating evidence indicates the pathological role of social-demographic factors. We therefore initially proposed social MPE in 2015, which aims to elucidate etiological roles of social-demographic factors and address health inequalities globally. With the ubiquity of molecular diagnosis, there are ample opportunities for researchers to utilize and develop the social MPE framework. AREAS COVERED Molecular subtypes of breast cancer have been investigated rigorously for understanding its etiologies rooted from social factors. Emerging evidence indicates pathogenic heterogeneity of neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. Presenting specific patterns of social-demographic factors across different molecular subtypes should be promising for advancing the screening, prevention, and treatment strategies of those heterogeneous diseases. This article rigorously reviewed literatures investigating differences of race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status across molecular subtypes of breast cancer and Alzheimer's disease to date. EXPERT OPINION With advancements of the multi-omics technologies, we foresee a blooming of social MPE studies, which can address health disparities, advance personalized molecular medicine, and enhance public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Dai
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Akihiro Nishi
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California, United States.,California Center for Population Research, University of California, Los Angeles, CA United States
| | - Nathan Tran
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Yasumasa Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Advanced Integrated Studies in Human Survivability, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto Japan
| | - George Dewey
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Tomotaka Ugai
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Shuji Ogino
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States.,Cancer Immunology Program, Dana-Farber Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States.,Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States
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