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Kmail A. Mitigating digestive disorders: Action mechanisms of Mediterranean herbal active compounds. Open Life Sci 2024; 19:20220857. [PMID: 38645751 PMCID: PMC11032100 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
This study explores the effects of the Mediterranean diet, herbal remedies, and their phytochemicals on various gastrointestinal conditions and reviews the global use of medicinal plants for common digestive problems. The review highlights key plants and their mechanisms of action and summarizes the latest findings on how plant-based products influence the digestive system and how they work. We searched various sources of literature and databases, including Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, and MedlinePlus. Our focus was on gathering relevant papers published between 2013 and August 2023. Certain plants exhibit potential in preventing or treating digestive diseases and cancers. Notable examples include Curcuma longa, Zingiber officinale, Aloe vera, Calendula officinalis, Lavandula angustifolia, Thymus vulgaris, Rosmarinus officinalis, Ginkgo biloba, Cynodon dactylon, and Vaccinium myrtillus. The phytochemical analysis of the plants showed that compounds such as quercetin, anthocyanins, curcumin, phenolics, isoflavones glycosides, flavonoids, and saponins constitute the main active substances within these plants. These natural remedies have the potential to enhance the digestive system and alleviate pain and discomfort in patients. However, further research is imperative to comprehensively evaluate the benefits and safety of herbal medicines to use their active ingredients for the development of natural and effective drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdalsalam Kmail
- Faculty of Sciences, Arab American University Jenin, P. O. Box 240, Jenin, Palestine
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2
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Fang X, Feng J, Zhu X, Feng D, Zheng L. Plant-derived vesicle-like nanoparticles: A new tool for inflammatory bowel disease and colitis-associated cancer treatment. Mol Ther 2024; 32:890-909. [PMID: 38369751 PMCID: PMC11163223 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Long-term use of conventional drugs to treat inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and colitis-associated cancer (CAC) has an adverse impact on the human immune system and easily leads to drug resistance, highlighting the urgent need to develop novel biotherapeutic tools with improved activity and limited side effects. Numerous products derived from plant sources have been shown to exert antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidative stress effects. Plant-derived vesicle-like nanoparticles (PDVLNs) are natural nanocarriers containing lipids, protein, DNA and microRNA (miRNA) with the ability to enter mammalian cells and regulate cellular activity. PDVLNs have significant potential in immunomodulation of macrophages, along with regulation of intestinal microorganisms and friendly antioxidant activity, as well as overcoming drug resistance. PDVLNs have utility as effective drug carriers and potential modification, with improved drug stability. Since immune function, intestinal microorganisms, and antioxidative stress are commonly targeted key phenomena in the treatment of IBD and CAC, PDVLNs offer a novel therapeutic tool. This review provides a summary of the latest advances in research on the sources and extraction methods, applications and mechanisms in IBD and CAC therapy, overcoming drug resistance, safety, stability, and clinical application of PDVLNs. Furthermore, the challenges and prospects of PDVLN-based treatment of IBD and CAC are systematically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuechun Fang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rapid Diagnostic Biosensors, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Junjie Feng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rapid Diagnostic Biosensors, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xingcheng Zhu
- Medical Laboratory Department, Second People's Hospital, Qujing 655000, China
| | - Dan Feng
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510182, China
| | - Lei Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rapid Diagnostic Biosensors, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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3
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Dietary Intake and Systemic Inflammation: Can We Use Food as Medicine? Curr Nutr Rep 2023:10.1007/s13668-023-00458-z. [PMID: 36662358 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-023-00458-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review summarizes the current literature regarding the association between diet and systemic inflammation. RECENT FINDINGS Data in humans suggests that consumption of plant-based nutrients is associated with a reduction in systemic inflammation, while consumption of red meat and excessive dairy has the opposite effect and may increase risk of acute flares in those that suffer from certain chronic diseases like inflammatory bowel disease or psoriasis and certain cancers. There is a known association between diet and systemic inflammation; thus, we recommend that clinicians discuss plant-based, whole food diets with patients, particularly those that suffer from chronic inflammatory diseases as an adjunct treatment for these conditions. Future research should evaluate whether adherence to these types of diets is sustainable in the long term and how these changes affect important quality of life concerns.
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Quinoa bran soluble dietary fiber ameliorates dextran sodium sulfate induced ulcerative colitis in BALB/c mice by maintaining intestinal barrier function and modulating gut microbiota. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 216:75-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.06.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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He KJ, Dong JH, Ouyang XM, Huo YN, Cheng XS, Lin Y, Li Y, Gong G, Liu J, Ren JL, Guleng B. Glycerol monolaurate ameliorates DSS-induced acute colitis by inhibiting infiltration of Th17, neutrophils, macrophages and altering the gut microbiota. Front Nutr 2022; 9:911315. [PMID: 36034889 PMCID: PMC9413164 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.911315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) places a heavy medical burden on countries and families due to repeated and prolonged attacks, and the incidence and prevalence of IBD are increasing worldwide. Therefore, finding an effective treatment is a matter of great urgency. Glycerol monolaurate (GML), which has a twelve-carbon chain, is a compound naturally found in human breast milk. Some studies have shown that GML has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects. However, the specific mechanism of action remains unclear. Methods Acute colitis was established in mice using 3% DSS, and glycerol monolaurate (500 mg·kg-1) was administered for two weeks. QPCR and western blotting were performed to examine the inflammatory status. Mice described were subjected to flow cytometry analysis for immune cell activation. Results GML treated alleviated macroscopic symptoms such as shortened colons, increased spleen weight, and caused weight loss in mice with DSS-induced colitis. In addition, GML decreased the expression of pro-inflammatory factors (NF-α, IL-1β and IL-1α) and increased the expression of anti-inflammatory factors (IL-10 and TGF-β). GML inhibited the activation of the MAPK and NF-κB signalling pathways, improved tissue damage, and increased the expression of intestinal tight junction proteins. In addition, LPMCs extracted from intestinal tissue via flow cytometry showed that GML treatment led to a decrease of Th17 cells, Neutrophils and Macrophages. 16S rDNA sequencing showed that GML increased the abundance of commensal bacterium such as Akkermansia and Lactobacillus murinus. Conclusions We showed that oral administration of GML ameliorated DSS-induced colitis by inhibiting infiltration of Th17 cells, Neutrophils, and Macrophages, protecting the intestinal mucosal barrier and altered the abundance of commensal bacterium. This study provides new insights into the biological function and therapeutic potential of GML in the treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Jie He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Binhai County People's Hospital, Yancheng, China
| | - Jia-Hui Dong
- Binhai County People's Hospital, Yancheng, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Ouyang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ya-Ni Huo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiao-Shen Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ying Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yue Li
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guoyu Gong
- Cancer Research Center and Institute of Microbial Ecology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jian-Lin Ren
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Bayasi Guleng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Cancer Research Center and Institute of Microbial Ecology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Schell KR, Fernandes KE, Shanahan E, Wilson I, Blair SE, Carter DA, Cokcetin NN. The Potential of Honey as a Prebiotic Food to Re-engineer the Gut Microbiome Toward a Healthy State. Front Nutr 2022; 9:957932. [PMID: 35967810 PMCID: PMC9367972 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.957932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Honey has a long history of use for the treatment of digestive ailments. Certain honey types have well-established bioactive properties including antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities. In addition, honey contains non-digestible carbohydrates in the form of oligosaccharides, and there is increasing evidence from in vitro, animal, and pilot human studies that some kinds of honey have prebiotic activity. Prebiotics are foods or compounds, such as non-digestible carbohydrates, that are used to promote specific, favorable changes in the composition and function of the gut microbiota. The gut microbiota plays a critical role in human health and well-being, with disturbances to the balance of these organisms linked to gut inflammation and the development and progression of numerous conditions, such as colon cancer, irritable bowel syndrome, obesity, and mental health issues. Consequently, there is increasing interest in manipulating the gut microbiota to a more favorable balance as a way of improving health by dietary means. Current research suggests that certain kinds of honey can reduce the presence of infection-causing bacteria in the gut including Salmonella, Escherichia coli, and Clostridiodes difficile, while simultaneously stimulating the growth of potentially beneficial species, such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacteria. In this paper, we review the current and growing evidence that shows the prebiotic potential of honey to promote healthy gut function, regulate the microbial communities in the gut, and reduce infection and inflammation. We outline gaps in knowledge and explore the potential of honey as a viable option to promote or re-engineer a healthy gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen R Schell
- Australian Institute for Microbiology and Infection, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kenya E Fernandes
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Erin Shanahan
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Isabella Wilson
- Australian Institute for Microbiology and Infection, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Shona E Blair
- Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dee A Carter
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nural N Cokcetin
- Australian Institute for Microbiology and Infection, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Abd El-Wahab EW, Youssef EI, Hassouna E. Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases: a single-centre, prospective, observational study in Egypt. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e057214. [PMID: 35504642 PMCID: PMC9066476 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-057214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Conflicting results have been reported by numerous epidemiological studies investigating the association between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We aimed in this study to assess the possible association between H. pylori infection and IBD and its effects on disease progression. DESIGN Prospective observational study. SETTING Specialised IBD care clinics at Alexandria University Student Hospital in northern Egypt, between March and June 2019. PARTICIPANTS 182 patients with IBD. ANALYSIS AND OUTCOME MEASURES Participants with IBD were screened for H. pylori infection and clinically evaluated at the initial visit and bimonthly for 3 months to record any potential improvement/flare of the IBD condition. RESULTS Overall, 90 (49.5%) patients with IBD had evidence of H. pylori infection. The course of IBD did not significantly differ in association with H. pylori infection or IBD treatment strategy. Cox regression analysis revealed that patients aged 20-35 years (HR=6.20 (95% CI: 1.74 to 22.12)) and 35-55 years (557.9 (17.4-17 922.8)), high socioeconomic status (2.9 (1.11-7.8)), daily consumption of fibre-rich food (5.1 (1.32-19.5)), occasional consumption of snacks between meals (2.8 (2.5-70.5)) and eating four meals per day (13.3 (1.0-7.7)) were predictive of IBD flare. By contrast, eating fruits and vegetables showed a strongly protective association (HR=0.001 (95% CI: 0.0002 to 0.02)). The probabilities of improvement of IBD symptoms after 12 weeks of follow-up were comparable in assessments based on H. pylori infection status (0.793 for H. pylori negative vs 0.778 for H. pylori positive) and IBD treatment option (0.811 for conventional therapy vs 0.750 for biological therapy). CONCLUSION The association between IBD and H. pylori infection is unresolved and should be further investigated in the context of specific environmental exposures that can influence the development or relapse of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekram W Abd El-Wahab
- Tropical Health Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, 21561 Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ebtessam I Youssef
- Tropical Health Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, 21561 Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ehab Hassouna
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, 21568 Alexandria, Egypt
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Mo Q, Liu T, Fu A, Ruan S, Zhong H, Tang J, Zhao M, Li Y, Zhu S, Cai H, Feng F. Novel Gut Microbiota Patterns Involved in the Attenuation of Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Mouse Colitis Mediated by Glycerol Monolaurate via Inducing Anti-inflammatory Responses. mBio 2021; 12:e0214821. [PMID: 34634946 PMCID: PMC8510546 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02148-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a type of immune-mediated chronic and relapsing inflammatory gastrointestinal symptoms. IBD cannot be completely cured because of the complex pathogenesis. Glycerol monolaurate (GML), naturally found in breast milk and coconut oil, has excellent antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and immunoregulatory functions. Here, the protective effect of GML on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced mouse colitis and the underlying gut microbiota-dependent mechanism were assessed in C57BL/6 mice pretreated or cotreated with GML and in antibiotic-treated mice transplanted with GML-modulated microbiota. Results showed that GML pretreatment has an advantage over GML cotreatment in alleviating weight loss and reducing disease activity index (DAI), colonic histological scores, and proinflammatory responses. Moreover, the amounts of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium and fecal propionic acid and butyric acid were elevated only in mice pretreated with GML upon DSS induction. Of note, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from GML-pretreated mice achieved faster and more significant remission of DSS-induced colitis, manifested as reduced DAI, longer colon, decreased histological scores, and enhanced colonic Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) and ratio of serum anti-inflammatory/proinflammatory cytokines, as well as the reconstruction of microbial communities, including elevated Helicobacter ganmani and decreased pathogenic microbes. In conclusion, GML-mediated enhancement of Bifidobacterium and fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) could be responsible for the anticolitis effect. FMT assay confirmed that gut microbiota modulated by GML was more resistant to DSS-induced colitis via elevating beneficial H. ganmani and establishing Treg tolerant phenotype. Importantly, colitis remission induced by GML is associated with novel gut microbiota patterns, even though different microbial contexts were involved. IMPORTANCE The gut microbiota, which can be highly and dynamically affected by dietary components, is closely related to IBD pathogenesis. Here, we demonstrated that food-grade glycerol monolaurate (GML)-mediated enhancement of Bifidobacterium and fecal SCFAs could be responsible for the anticolitis effect. FMT assay confirmed that gut microbiota modulated by GML was more resistant to DSS-induced colitis via elevating beneficial H. ganmani and establishing Treg tolerant phenotype. Collectively, colitis remission induced by GML is associated with novel gut microbiota patterns, even though different microbial contexts were involved, which further provided a perspective to identify specific microbial members and those responsible for the anticolitis effect, such as Bifidobacterium and Helicobacter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiufen Mo
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Ningbo Institute of Zhejiang University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tao Liu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Ningbo Institute of Zhejiang University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Aikun Fu
- Institute of Biology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shengyue Ruan
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Ningbo Institute of Zhejiang University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hao Zhong
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Ningbo Institute of Zhejiang University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun Tang
- Institute of Biology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Minjie Zhao
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Ningbo Institute of Zhejiang University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yang Li
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Ningbo Institute of Zhejiang University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Songming Zhu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haiying Cai
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fengqin Feng
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Ningbo Institute of Zhejiang University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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Narula N, Wong ECL, Dehghan M, Mente A, Rangarajan S, Lanas F, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Rohatgi P, Lakshmi PVM, Varma RP, Orlandini A, Avezum A, Wielgosz A, Poirier P, Almadi MA, Altuntas Y, Ng KK, Chifamba J, Yeates K, Puoane T, Khatib R, Yusuf R, Boström KB, Zatonska K, Iqbal R, Weida L, Yibing Z, Sidong L, Dans A, Yusufali A, Mohammadifard N, Marshall JK, Moayyedi P, Reinisch W, Yusuf S. Association of ultra-processed food intake with risk of inflammatory bowel disease: prospective cohort study. BMJ 2021; 374:n1554. [PMID: 34261638 PMCID: PMC8279036 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.n1554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the relation between intake of ultra-processed food and risk of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING 21 low, middle, and high income countries across seven geographical regions (Europe and North America, South America, Africa, Middle East, south Asia, South East Asia, and China). PARTICIPANTS 116 087 adults aged 35-70 years with at least one cycle of follow-up and complete baseline food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) data (country specific validated FFQs were used to document baseline dietary intake). Participants were followed prospectively at least every three years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The main outcome was development of IBD, including Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis. Associations between ultra-processed food intake and risk of IBD were assessed using Cox proportional hazard multivariable models. Results are presented as hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS Participants were enrolled in the study between 2003 and 2016. During the median follow-up of 9.7 years (interquartile range 8.9-11.2 years), 467 participants developed incident IBD (90 with Crohn's disease and 377 with ulcerative colitis). After adjustment for potential confounding factors, higher intake of ultra-processed food was associated with a higher risk of incident IBD (hazard ratio 1.82, 95% confidence interval 1.22 to 2.72 for ≥5 servings/day and 1.67, 1.18 to 2.37 for 1-4 servings/day compared with <1 serving/day, P=0.006 for trend). Different subgroups of ultra-processed food, including soft drinks, refined sweetened foods, salty snacks, and processed meat, each were associated with higher hazard ratios for IBD. Results were consistent for Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis with low heterogeneity. Intakes of white meat, red meat, dairy, starch, and fruit, vegetables, and legumes were not associated with incident IBD. CONCLUSIONS Higher intake of ultra-processed food was positively associated with risk of IBD. Further studies are needed to identify the contributory factors within ultra-processed foods. STUDY REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03225586.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Narula
- Department of Medicine (Division of Gastroenterology) and Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University and Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Emily C L Wong
- Department of Medicine (Division of Gastroenterology) and Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Mahshid Dehghan
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University and Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Andrew Mente
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University and Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Sumathy Rangarajan
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University and Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Fernando Lanas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo
- Masira Research Institute, Universidad de Santander (UDES) Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander-FOSCAL-Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Priyanka Rohatgi
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Apollo Hospitals, Bangalore, India
| | - P V M Lakshmi
- School of Public Health, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ravi Prasad Varma
- Achutha Menon Centre for Health Science Studies, SCTIMST and Health Action by People, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Andres Orlandini
- Department of Cardiology, Estudios Clinicos Latinoamerica ECLA Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Alvaro Avezum
- International Research Centre, Hospital Alemao Oswaldo Cruz, Sao Paulo, Brazil, Universidade Santo Amaro (UNISA), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andreas Wielgosz
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Paul Poirier
- Faculté de pharmacie, Université Laval Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Majid A Almadi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yuksel Altuntas
- University of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Health Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Endocrinology and Metabolism Sisli/Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kien Keat Ng
- Faculty of Medicine and Defence Health, National Defence University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jephat Chifamba
- Department of Physiology, University of Zimbabwe College of Health Sciences, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Karen Yeates
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Thandi Puoane
- School of Public Health, University of the Western Cape, Bellville. South Africa
| | - Rasha Khatib
- Institute for Community and Public Health, Birzeit University, Birzeit, Palestine
| | - Rita Yusuf
- Advocate Research Institute, Advocate Health Care, IL, USA
- School of Life Sciences, Independent University, Bangladesh Bashundhara, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Kristina Bengtsson Boström
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Katarzyna Zatonska
- Department of Social Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Romaina Iqbal
- Department of Community Health Sciences, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Liu Weida
- Medical Research and Biometrics Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Mentougou District, Beijing, China
| | - Zhu Yibing
- Medical Research and Biometrics Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Mentougou District, Beijing, China
| | - Li Sidong
- Medical Research and Biometrics Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Mentougou District, Beijing, China
| | - Antonio Dans
- Section of Adult Medicine and Medical Research Unit, University of Philippines, Manila, Philippines
| | - Afzalhussein Yusufali
- Hatta Hospital, Dubai Medical University, Dubai Health Authority, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Noushin Mohammadifard
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - John K Marshall
- Department of Medicine (Division of Gastroenterology) and Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Paul Moayyedi
- Department of Medicine (Division of Gastroenterology) and Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University and Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Walter Reinisch
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Salim Yusuf
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University and Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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10
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Yu L, Zhao D, Nian Y, Li C. Casein-fed mice showed faster recovery from DSS-induced colitis than chicken-protein-fed mice. Food Funct 2021; 12:5806-5820. [PMID: 34047734 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo00659b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine whether casein- and chicken protein-fed mice had different capacities of recovering from dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. Mice were fed a chicken protein or casein diet for 14 days, which was followed by 7-day DSS treatment and then a 6-day recovery period by gavage of Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila). Compared with the chicken protein diet, the casein diet increased the relative abundance of beneficial gut bacteria, whereas DSS treatment did not induce significant differences in physiological and pathological indicators between the diet groups. During the recovery period, gavage of A. muciniphila alleviated colitis symptoms by decreasing the score of the disease activity index (DAI), spleen weight, and TNF-α mRNA level but increasing the mucus thickness and MUC2 mRNA level. Several genera, including the Ruminococcaceae NK4A214 group, Bifidobacterium, Roseburia, Ruminiclostridium and Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group, may play a critical role. In addition, the casein diet helped DSS-treated mice recover faster from colitis, in terms of their body weight, colon length and histological score, probably due to its higher digestibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Yu
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, MOE; Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, MARA, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control; Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China.
| | - Di Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, MOE; Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, MARA, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control; Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China.
| | - Yingqun Nian
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, MOE; Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, MARA, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control; Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China.
| | - Chunbao Li
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, MOE; Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, MARA, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control; Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China.
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11
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Food and Food Groups in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): The Design of the Groningen Anti-Inflammatory Diet (GrAID). Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13041067. [PMID: 33806061 PMCID: PMC8064481 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Diet plays a pivotal role in the onset and course of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Patients are keen to know what to eat to reduce symptoms and flares, but dietary guidelines are lacking. To advice patients, an overview of the current evidence on food (group) level is needed. This narrative review studies the effects of food (groups) on the onset and course of IBD and if not available the effects in healthy subjects or animal and in vitro IBD models. Based on this evidence the Groningen anti-inflammatory diet (GrAID) was designed and compared on food (group) level to other existing IBD diets. Although on several foods conflicting results were found, this review provides patients a good overview. Based on this evidence, the GrAID consists of lean meat, eggs, fish, plain dairy (such as milk, yoghurt, kefir and hard cheeses), fruit, vegetables, legumes, wheat, coffee, tea and honey. Red meat, other dairy products and sugar should be limited. Canned and processed foods, alcohol and sweetened beverages should be avoided. This comprehensive review focuses on anti-inflammatory properties of foods providing IBD patients with the best evidence on which foods they should eat or avoid to reduce flares. This was used to design the GrAID.
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12
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Mahomoodally MF, Aumeeruddy MZ, Rengasamy KRR, Roshan S, Hammad S, Pandohee J, Hu X, Zengin G. Ginger and its active compounds in cancer therapy: From folk uses to nano-therapeutic applications. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 69:140-149. [PMID: 31412298 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Ginger is a spice that is renowned for its characteristic aromatic fragrance and pungent taste, with documented healing properties. Field studies conducted in several Asian and African countries revealed that ginger is used traditionally in the management of cancer. The scientific community has probed into the biological validation of its extracts and isolated compounds including the gingerols, shogaols, zingiberene, and zingerone, through in-vitro and in-vivo studies. Nonetheless, an updated compilation of these data together with a deep mechanistic approach is yet to be provided. Accordingly, this review highlights the mechanisms and therapeutics of ginger and its bioactive compounds focused on a cancer context and these evidence are based on the (i) cytotoxic effect against cancer cell lines, (ii) enzyme inhibitory action, (iii) combination therapy with chemotherapeutic and phenolic compounds, (iv) possible links to the microbiome and (v) the use of nano-formulations of ginger bioactive compounds as a more effective drug delivery strategy in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Mahomoodally
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Mauritius, Réduit, Mauritius
| | - M Z Aumeeruddy
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Mauritius, Réduit, Mauritius
| | - Kannan R R Rengasamy
- Bionanotechnology Research Group, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
| | - S Roshan
- Deccan School of Pharmacy, Darussalam, Aghapura, Hyderabad, 500001, Telangana, India
| | - S Hammad
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (IPS), University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences (UVAS), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - J Pandohee
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Mauritius, Réduit, Mauritius; Centre for Integrative Metabolomics and Computational Biology, School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
| | - Xuebo Hu
- College of Plant Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - G Zengin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, Turkey
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13
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Stanisic D, Jovanovic M, George AK, Homme RP, Tyagi N, Singh M, Tyagi SC. Gut microbiota and the periodontal disease: role of hyperhomocysteinemia. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2021; 99:9-17. [PMID: 32706987 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2020-0215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Periodontal disease is one of the most common conditions resulting from poor oral hygiene and is characterized by a destructive process in the periodontium that essentially includes gingiva, alveolar mucosa, cementum, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone. Notably, the destructive event in the alveolar bone has been linked to homocysteine (Hcy) metabolism; however, it has not been fully investigated. Therefore; the implication of Hcy towards initiation, progression, and maintenance of the periodontal disease remains incompletely understood. Higher levels of Hcy (also known as hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy)) exerts deleterious effects on gum health and teeth in distinct ways. Firstly, increased production of proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 leads to an inflammatory cascade of events that affect methionine (Met) and Hcy metabolism (i.e., 1-carbon metabolism) leading to HHcy. Secondly, metabolic dysregulation during chronic medical conditions increases systemic inflammation leading to a decrease in vitamins, more specifically B6, B12, and folic acid, that play important roles as cofactors in Hcy metabolism. Also, given the folate level in the HHcy state that is important during dysbiosis, these two conditions appear to be intimately related, and in this context, HHcy-induced dysbiosis may be one of the potential causes of periodontal disease. This paper sums up the link between periodontitis and HHcy, with a special emphasis on the "oral-gut microbiome axis" and the potential probiotic intervention towards warding off some of the serious periodontal disease conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragana Stanisic
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Milica Jovanovic
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Akash K George
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Rubens P Homme
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Neetu Tyagi
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Mahavir Singh
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Suresh C Tyagi
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
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Puértolas-Balint F, Schroeder BO. Does an Apple a Day Also Keep the Microbes Away? The Interplay Between Diet, Microbiota, and Host Defense Peptides at the Intestinal Mucosal Barrier. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1164. [PMID: 32655555 PMCID: PMC7325984 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A crucial mechanism of intestinal defense includes the production and secretion of host defense peptides (HDPs). HDPs control pathogens and commensals at the intestinal interface by direct killing, by sequestering vital ions, or by causing bacterial cells to aggregate in the mucus layer. Accordingly, the combined activity of various HDPs neutralizes gut bacteria before reaching the mucosa and thus helps to maintain the homeostatic balance between the host and its microbes at the mucosal barrier. Defects in the mucosal barrier have been associated with various diseases that are on the rise in the Western world. These include metabolic diseases, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes, and inflammatory intestinal disorders, including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, the two major entities of inflammatory bowel disease. While the etiology of these diseases is multifactorial, highly processed Western-style diet (WSD) that is rich in carbohydrates and fat and low in dietary fiber content, is considered to be a contributing lifestyle factor. As such, WSD does not only profoundly affect the resident microbes in the intestine, but can also directly alter HDP function, thereby potentially contributing to intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction. In this review we aim to decipher the complex interaction between diet, microbiota, and HDPs. We discuss how HDP expression can be modulated by specific microbes and their metabolites as well as by dietary factors, including fibers, lipids, polyphenols and vitamins. We identify several dietary compounds that lead to reduced HDP function, but also factors that stimulate HDP production in the intestine. Furthermore, we argue that the effect of HDPs against commensal bacteria has been understudied when compared to pathogens, and that local environmental conditions also need to be considered. In addition, we discuss the known molecular mechanisms behind HDP modulation. We believe that a better understanding of the diet-microbiota-HDP interdependence will provide insights into factors underlying modern diseases and will help to identify potential dietary interventions or probiotic supplementation that can promote HDP-mediated intestinal barrier function in the Western gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola Puértolas-Balint
- Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS) -The Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Bjoern O Schroeder
- Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS) -The Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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15
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Khorshidi M, Djafarian K, Aghayei E, Shab-Bidar S. A posteriori dietary patterns and risk of inflammatory bowel disease: a meta-analysis of observational studies. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2020; 90:376-384. [DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Abstract. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder which affects the gastrointestinal tract. Many factors, such as genetics, stress, and dietary patterns have been related to the risk of this disease. Adherence to a prudent/healthy dietary pattern, due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, help to reduce the risk of many chronic diseases such as IBD. The results from previous studies regarding the association between dietary patterns and risk of IBD, including Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are inconsistent. This meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the potential relations between dietary patterns and risk of CD and UC. PubMed and Scopus were searched up to October 2017 for eligible studies. Random-effects or fixed-effects models were used to pool the estimated risks for the highest versus the lowest category of extracted dietary patterns. A total of six studies, including four case-control and two cohort studies with 1099 cases and 263112 controls/participants were included in the meta-analysis. A decreased risk of CD was seen for the highest compared with the lowest categories of healthy dietary pattern (OR/RR = 0.39, 95%CI = 0.16–0.62), while no significant association with western dietary pattern was observed (OR/RR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.51–1.04). Furthermore, no significant relationship was found between healthy (OR/RR = 0.61, 95%CI = 0.04–1.18, random effects) and western/unhealthy (OR/RR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.67–1.26) dietary patterns and risk of UC. The results of the current meta-analysis showed that a healthy dietary pattern is associated with a lower risk of CD. Further studies are warranted to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Khorshidi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Kurosh Djafarian
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Aghayei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Sakineh Shab-Bidar
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
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16
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Habitual dietary intake of IBD patients differs from population controls: a case-control study. Eur J Nutr 2020; 60:345-356. [PMID: 32333097 PMCID: PMC7867519 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-020-02250-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since evidence-based dietary guidelines are lacking for IBD patients, they tend to follow "unguided" dietary habits; potentially leading to nutritional deficiencies and detrimental effects on disease course. Therefore, we compared dietary intake of IBD patients with controls. METHODS Dietary intake of macronutrients and 25 food groups of 493 patients (207 UC, 286 CD), and 1291 controls was obtained via a food frequency questionnaire. RESULTS 38.6% of patients in remission had protein intakes below the recommended 0.8 g/kg and 86.7% with active disease below the recommended 1.2 g/kg. Multinomial logistic regression, corrected for age, gender and BMI, showed that (compared to controls) UC patients consumed more meat and spreads, but less alcohol, breads, coffee and dairy; CD patients consumed more non-alcoholic drinks, potatoes, savoury snacks and sugar and sweets but less alcohol, dairy, nuts, pasta and prepared meals. Patients with active disease consumed more meat, soup and sugar and sweets but less alcohol, coffee, dairy, prepared meals and rice; patients in remission consumed more potatoes and spreads but less alcohol, breads, dairy, nuts, pasta and prepared meals. CONCLUSIONS Patients avoiding potentially favourable foods and gourmandizing potentially unfavourable foods are of concern. Special attention is needed for protein intake in the treatment of these patients.
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17
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Han MK, Anderson R, Viennois E, Merlin D. Examination of food consumption in United States adults and the prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease using National Health Interview Survey 2015. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0232157. [PMID: 32324818 PMCID: PMC7179926 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Various diets and food components have been implicated as one of the environmental factors associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Patients are often recommended nutritional guidelines to manage disease symptoms. However, the current food consumption pattern of US adults with IBD that are nationally representative is unclear. A secondary analysis of National Health Interview Survey 2015 was performed to characterize the estimated US adults with IBD and their food intake and consumption frequency using bivariate and multivariate logistic regression. Fries were consumed by a greater number of people with IBD. IBD population drank less 100% fruit juice and ate more cheese and cookies than non-IBD population. Intake of fries (OR 1.60, 95% CI 1.14-2.25) and sports and energy drinks (OR 1.46, 95% CI 1.07-1.97) and more frequent drinking of regular soda were significantly associated with the likelihood of having been told one have IBD, while popcorn (OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.548-0.971) and milk (OR 0.70, 95% CI 0.497-0.998) were associated with smaller odds, adjusting for covariates. Foods typically labeled as junk food were positively associated with IBD. Nonetheless, of the assessed 26 foods, we found eating patterns between IBD and non-IBD population to be mostly analogous. It is unclear whether the results reflect potential change in food intake in IBD population long before the survey interview. Understanding the role of food intake in IBD risk/prevalence would benefit from identifying other environmental factors (i.e. food desert), food processing (i.e. frying), and potential bioactive food components that can induce intestinal inflammation that can increase the individual's susceptibility to IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon K. Han
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Digestive Disease Research Group, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Raeda Anderson
- Department of Research and Engagement, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Emilie Viennois
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Digestive Disease Research Group, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Didier Merlin
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Digestive Disease Research Group, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia, United States of America
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18
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Ferguson LR. Inflammatory bowel disease: why this provides a useful example of the evolving science of nutrigenomics. J R Soc N Z 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/03036758.2020.1728345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lynnette R. Ferguson
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre and Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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19
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Organometallic Compounds and Metal Complexes in Current and Future Treatments of Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Colorectal Cancer-a Critical Review. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9090398. [PMID: 31443436 PMCID: PMC6770552 DOI: 10.3390/biom9090398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the clinical use of organometallic compounds and metal complexes for therapeutic purposes including treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Their action is based on the inhibition of the inflow of pro-inflammatory cytokines, the elimination of free radicals or the modulation of intestinal microbiota. In addition, these compounds are intended for use in the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) which is often a consequence of IBD. The aim of this study is to critically discuss recent findings on the use of organometallic compounds and metal complexes in the treatment of IBD and CRC and suggest future trends in drug design.
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20
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Feng Y, Huang Y, Wang Y, Wang P, Wang F. Severe burn injury alters intestinal microbiota composition and impairs intestinal barrier in mice. BURNS & TRAUMA 2019; 7:20. [PMID: 31312663 PMCID: PMC6610819 DOI: 10.1186/s41038-019-0156-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Background The intestinal barrier integrity is crucial for maintaining intestinal homeostasis, and the mechanisms of intestinal barrier disruption induced by burn injury remain obscure. This study was aimed to investigate the changes of intestinal microbiota and barrier function in burned mice to further comprehend the mechanisms of burn-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction. Methods Samples were from mice inflicted with 30% total body surface area (TBSA) full-thickness burns. The intestinal permeability, tight junction proteins expressions, zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) localization, inflammatory cytokines expressions, and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) contents were determined. The microbial community was assessed via 16S rDNA Illumina sequencing. Results The intestinal permeability was increased after severe burn injury, peaking at 6 h post-burn, with approximately 20-folds of the control (p < 0.001). The expression of tight junction proteins (ZO-1, occludin, claudin-1, and claudin-2) was significantly altered (p < 0.05). The ZO-1 morphology was dramatically changed following burn injury. The fecal SCFAs’ contents (acetate, propionate, butyrate, isobutyrate, and isovalerate) were noticeably declined after burn injury (p < 0.05). The expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6) in ileal mucosa were increased, whereas the expressions of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4 and IL-13) were decreased following burn injury (p < 0.05). In addition, burned mice showed an alteration of intestinal microbial community, such as decreased diversity, reduced Bacteroidetes abundance, and increased Firmicutes abundance. Conclusions The severe burn-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction is along with the alterations of microbial community. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s41038-019-0156-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhai Feng
- 1State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing, 400038 China
| | - Yalan Huang
- 2Department of Military Nursing, School of Nursing, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Wang
- 3Department of Gastroenterology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Pei Wang
- 1State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing, 400038 China
| | - Fengjun Wang
- 1State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing, 400038 China
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21
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Abstract
The present review is focused on the prebiotic impact of inulin on the management of the gastrointestinal disorder. Prebiotics can be described as "non-digestible food ingredient stimulating the growth of a certain number of bacteria in the colon, which can improve the host health". In 2004 this definition was modernized to include other areas that may benefit from selective targeting of particular microorganisms: "selectively fermented ingredients that alter the configuration and activity in the gastrointestinal microbiota that confer positive effect". The positive impact of prebiotics in experimental colitis and human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has already been established. Prebiotics shows a positive effect in the prevention of IBD by modulating the trophic functions of the flora. Inulin enhances the growth of indigenous lactobacilli and/or bifidobacteria by inducing colonic production of short chain fatty acids (SCFA's) and these properties are related to decreased mucosal lesion scores and diminished mucosal inflammation. Inulin shows a positive approach to retain microbial populations and to support epithelial barrier function by their prebiotic effect which helps in the host defense against invasion and pathogens translocation (endogenous and/or exogenous) and in the inhibition of gastrointestinal diseases and this impact should be verified in further clinical studies. In the present review, we discussed the positive effect of prebiotics in rat IBD models and in human subjects along with their potential protective mechanisms. Preclinical and clinical data revealed that the gut mucosal barrier would be improved by the use of prebiotics in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasim Akram
- School of Studies in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiwaji University
| | - Navneet Garud
- School of Studies in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiwaji University
| | - Ramakant Joshi
- School of Studies in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiwaji University
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22
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Crosstalk between the Ketogenic Diet and Epilepsy: From the Perspective of Gut Microbiota. Mediators Inflamm 2019; 2019:8373060. [PMID: 31281229 PMCID: PMC6589192 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8373060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the association between a range of neurological disorders and changes in the gut microbiota, interest in the gut microbiota has recently increased. In particular, the significant involvement of the autoimmune processes in the development of epilepsy, one of the most serious and widespread neurological diseases, has led to a suggested link with the gut microbiome. Because the constitution of the gut microbiome can be influenced by diet, dietary therapy has been shown to have a positive impact on a wide range of conditions via alteration of the gut microbiota. An example of one such diet is the ketogenic diet (KD), which promotes a diet that contains high levels of fat, adequate levels of protein, and low levels of carbohydrate. Due to the near-total elimination of carbohydrates from the individual's food in this ultra-high-fat diet, ketone bodies become an important source of energy. Although the ketogenic diet has proven successful in the treatment of refractory epilepsy and other illnesses, the underlying mechanisms of its neuroprotective effects have yet to be fully elucidated. Nevertheless, recent studies strongly indicate a role for the gut microbiota in the effective treatment of epilepsy with the ketogenic diet. The latest advances regarding the links between the ketogenic diet, gut microbiota, and epilepsy are reviewed in this article, with a particular focus on the role of the gut microbiota in the treatment outcome.
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23
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Papada E, Amerikanou C, Forbes A, Kaliora AC. Adherence to Mediterranean diet in Crohn's disease. Eur J Nutr 2019; 59:1115-1121. [PMID: 31006053 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-01972-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the adherence to MD in patients with Crohn's disease (CD). METHODS Outpatients with CD were enrolled in this protocol. Medical history, disease activity, dietary intake, habitual Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) score, anthropometric measurements and Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ) were recorded. Blood samples were collected for quantification of biochemical and inflammatory indices. RESULTS A total of 86 patients with CD were enrolled: 41 in relapse (5 ≤ Harvey Bradshaw Index ≤ 14) and 45 in remission (Harvey Bradshaw Index ≤ 4). Adherence to MD was greater in patients with inactive disease. The MedDiet score correlated positively with the IBDQ (p = 0.008) and negatively with disease activity (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Adherence to Mediterranean diet is associated with improved quality of life in CD patients. Higher adherence to Mediterranean diet could be of importance in patients with CD to improve quality of life and reduce disease activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efstathia Papada
- Department of Dietetics and Nutritional Science, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 70 El. Venizelou Ave, 17671, Athens, Greece
| | - Charalampia Amerikanou
- Department of Dietetics and Nutritional Science, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 70 El. Venizelou Ave, 17671, Athens, Greece
| | - Alastair Forbes
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Bob Champion Building, James Watson Road, Norwich, NR4 7UQ, UK
| | - Andriana C Kaliora
- Department of Dietetics and Nutritional Science, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 70 El. Venizelou Ave, 17671, Athens, Greece.
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Elmaliklis IN, Liveri A, Ntelis B, Paraskeva K, Goulis I, Koutelidakis AE. Increased Functional Foods' Consumption and Mediterranean Diet Adherence May Have a Protective Effect in the Appearance of Gastrointestinal Diseases: A Case⁻Control Study. MEDICINES 2019; 6:medicines6020050. [PMID: 30970582 PMCID: PMC6631641 DOI: 10.3390/medicines6020050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background: Epidemiological studies have suggested a possible correlation between nutritional factors and gastrointestinal diseases. Methods: A case–control study was designed in order to investigate if functional foods consumption and Mediterranean diet adherence have a positive effect in ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, irritable bowel syndrome, and gastroesophageal reflux disease. In total, 142 patients (cases) and 147 gender-matched healthy people (controls) participated in the study. Functional food consumption was screened by using a Food Frequency Questionnaire based on the NHANES study, while Mediterranean diet adoption was evaluated by a 14-item Med Diet Assessment tool based on the PREDIMED study. The statistical analysis was performed with SPSS-22. Results: In the previous 2–3 years, the controls had more frequently consumed some categories (probiotics, prebiotics-enriched, and low-fat foods) and some kinds of functional foods (mountain tea, berries, pomegranate, oats, mastics, turmeric, soybeans, and raisins) compared to the cases (p < 0.05). Healthy people were more adherent to the Mediterranean diet than patients (p < 0.05). A multifactor analysis showed that the augmented score of the Mediterranean diet and the augmented consumption of categories and kinds of functional foods were protective factors in the appearance of gastrointestinal diseases. Conclusions: More studies should be conducted in order to further investigate the possible association between specific food components and gastrointestinal diseases’ pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis-Nektarios Elmaliklis
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of the Aegean, Mitropoliti Ioakeim 2, 81400 Myrina, Limnos, Greece.
| | - Athanasia Liveri
- Department of Statistics and Insurance Science, University of Piraeus, Karaoli & Dimitriou 80, 18534 Piraeus, Greece.
| | - Basileios Ntelis
- G. Genimmatas Hospital, Leoforos Mesogeion 154, 11527 Athens, Greece.
| | | | - Ioannis Goulis
- Ippokrateio Hospital of Thessaloniki, Konstantinoupoleos 49, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Antonios E Koutelidakis
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of the Aegean, Mitropoliti Ioakeim 2, 81400 Myrina, Limnos, Greece.
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Dietary intake of fish, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and risk of inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Eur J Nutr 2019; 59:1-17. [PMID: 30680455 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-01901-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Fish consumption and dietary intake of n-3 polyunsaturated acids (PUFAs) may be associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We aimed to conduct a systematic review and summarize published articles on the association between fish consumption and dietary intake of n-3 PUFAs with the risk of IBD. METHODS PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were used to conduct a comprehensive search and identify eligible literature published prior to January 2019. Fixed-effects model or random-effects models (DerSimonian-Laird method) were applied to pool the effect sizes. Cochrane Q test was used to trace the potential source of heterogeneity across studies. RESULTS 12 studies (5 prospective and 7 case-control) were included in the systematic review, which ten of them were eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Studies were included a total sample size of 282610 participants which 2002 of them were cases of IBD [1061 Crohn's disease (CD) and 937 ulcerative colitis (UC)]. A negative association was found between fish consumption and the incidence of CD (pooled effect size: 0.54, 95%CI: 0.31-0.96, P = 0.03). There was no relationship between total dietary n-3 PUFAs intake and IBD (pooled effect size: 1.17, 95%CI: 0.80-1.72, P = 0.41). A significant inverse association was observed between dietary long-chain n-3 PUFAs and the risk of UC (pooled effect size: 0.75, 95%CI: 0.57-0.98, P = 0.03). Moreover, no association was found between α-Linolenic acid (ALA) and IBD (pooled effect size: 1.17, 95%CI: 0.63-2.17, P = 0.62). CONCLUSIONS Findings showed a negative association between fish consumption and the risk of CD. Moreover, there was a significant inverse association between dietary long-chain n-3 PUFAs and the risk of UC.
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Probiotics combined with aminosalicylic acid affiliates remission of ulcerative colitis: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trial. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20180943. [PMID: 30224379 PMCID: PMC6340951 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20180943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of probiotic combined with aminosalicylic on induction remission maintenance treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). We conducted systematic searches in several Chinese and English databases from inception to June 2018, screening randomized controlled trials about effect of probiotics combined with aminosalicylic acid on UC. The evaluation indicator was the rate of remission. The relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated. A total of 27 studies with 1942 patients were included. The results indicated that the remission rate was significantly higher in the group using probiotics combined with aminosalicylic acid than that in the group using aminosalicylic acid alone (RR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.27–1.53, P=0.000). The subgroup analysis indicated that probiotics combined with aminosalicylic acid can significantly elevate the remission rate in both mild to moderate (RR = 1.33, 95% CI: 1.16–1.54, P=0.000) and active stage (RR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.27–1.64, P=0.000) UC. In different number of bacterium, drug types and treatment periods, the combination with probiotics can significantly increase the remission rate UC. The funnel plot shows slight publication bias. Probiotics in conjunction with aminosalicylic can obviously increase the clinical remission rate of activity UC than drug alone. There was no significant difference between combined with mesalazine group and salicylazosulfapyridine group.
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27
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Tao J, Li S, Gan RY, Zhao CN, Meng X, Li HB. Targeting gut microbiota with dietary components on cancer: Effects and potential mechanisms of action. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2019; 60:1025-1037. [PMID: 30632784 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1555789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancers are common chronic diseases worldwide and cause severe health burdens. There have been ongoing debates on the role of gut microbiota in the prevention and management of cancers, thus, it is worthwhile to pay high attention to the impacts of gut microbiota on several cancers, such as colon, liver, and breast cancers. In addition, it has been reported that gut microbiota may also affect the efficacy of cancer chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Among all the factors that influence gut microbiota, diet is the most influential and modifiable. The prebiotics, dietary fibers, short-chain fatty acids, and other bioactive compounds are all important dietary components to assist the growth of beneficial microbiota in the gut, which can protect against cancers and promote human health. Their beneficial effects can be due to the fermentation of dietary fibers, the metabolism of phytochemicals, the synthesis of estrogens, and interactions with chemotherapies and immunotherapies. In order to provide updated information of the relationships among dietary components, gut microbiota, and cancer, in this review, we summarize the reciprocal interactions between dietary components and gut microbiota, and highlight the impacts of dietary components on several common cancers by targeting gut microbiota, with the potential mechanisms of actions also intensively discussed. As a result, this review can be very helpful for healthy people as well as cancer patients to prevent or manage cancers via dietary factor-mediated regulation of gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Tao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sha Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ren-You Gan
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cai-Ning Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Meng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,South China Sea Bioresource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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28
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D (VitD) deficiency is prevalent in patient with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Recent studies have found that VitD can induce and maintain IBD remission through antibiosis, anti-inflammatory, and repair of intestinal mucosal barriers, thus improving the patient's disease activity and quality-of-life. The purpose of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the therapeutic effect and safety of VitD in the treatment of IBD. METHODS Published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included from electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane library, Web of Science, and so forth). Cochrane handbook was applied to evaluate the methodological quality. The levels of 25(OH)D3, relapse rate, inflammation index, and adverse events were compared between the experimental group and the control group (placebo group). All statistical analyses were directed by Revman 5.3 software and statistical significance was defined as P < .05. RESULTS Eighteen RCTs involved 908 patients were included. Meta-analysis showed that VitD improved the 25(OH)D3 levels more significantly than the control group (ng/mL, weighted mean deviation [WMD] = 7.85, 95% CI (5.52, 10.18), P < .000001), and compared with lower doses, there were significant differences increasing 25(OH)D3 levels (WMD = 11.19, 95% CI [4.73, 17.65], P = .0007) in high-dose VitD treatment while there was no significant difference in the adverse events between 2 groups (WMD = 1.56, 95% CI [0.74, 3.29], P = .24). VitD reduced the relapse rate more significantly than the control group, but there were no significant differences between the low-dose and high-dose vitamin D treatment. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) of the VitD and the control group showed no statistically significant difference (ESR [mm/h]: WMD = -0.22, 95% CI [-5.73, 5.29], P = .94; hsCRP (mg/dL): WMD = -0.53, 95% CI [-1.68, 0.62], P = .37). CONCLUSIONS The treatment of VitD in patients with IBD can improve the level of 25(OH)D3 and control the relapse rate of the disease, whose clinical curative effect is more accurate. Thus VitD should be recommended for the treatment of IBD, at least as an adjunctive treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ning Chen
- Department of General Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Jie Zhang
- Department of General Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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29
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Tabatabaeizadeh SA, Tafazoli N, Ferns GA, Avan A, Ghayour-Mobarhan M. Vitamin D, the gut microbiome and inflammatory bowel disease. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN MEDICAL SCIENCES : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF ISFAHAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2018; 23:75. [PMID: 30181757 PMCID: PMC6116667 DOI: 10.4103/jrms.jrms_606_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D has an important role in bone metabolism but recently has been recognized as an immunoregulator, and this has led to investigations on the effect of Vitamin D supplementation in various autoimmune diseases and its anti-inflammatory effects. There is some evidence that Vitamin D can regulate gastrointestinal inflammation. In addition, previous studies have shown that Vitamin D can affect the gut microbiome. The aim of this review is to evaluate the effect of Vitamin D on inflammatory processes, especially its relation to the inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and gut microbiome. There is some evidence that Vitamin D can regulate gastrointestinal inflammation, with epidemiological studies showing that individuals with higher serum Vitamin D have a lower incidence of IBD, particularly Crohn's disease. Vitamin D changes transcription of cathelicidin and DEFB4 (defensin, beta 4) that can affect the gut microbiome. Several cell types of the immune system express Vitamin D receptor, and hence the use of Vitamin D in immune regulation has some potential. Furthermore, Vitamin D deficiency leads to dysbiosis of gut microbiome and reported to cause severe colitis. Vitamin D supplementation is low cost and available and can be a therapeutic option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed-Amir Tabatabaeizadeh
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Niayesh Tafazoli
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Division of Medical Education, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex BN1 9PH, UK
| | - Amir Avan
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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30
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Wang K, Jin X, Li Q, Sawaya ACHF, Le Leu RK, Conlon MA, Wu L, Hu F. Propolis from Different Geographic Origins Decreases Intestinal Inflammation and Bacteroides
spp. Populations in a Model of DSS-Induced Colitis. Mol Nutr Food Res 2018; 62:e1800080. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201800080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Institute of Apicultural Research; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Beijing 100093 China
| | - Xiaolu Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition; College of Animal Science and Technology; China Agricultural University; Beijing 100193 China
| | - Qiangqiang Li
- Institute of Apicultural Research; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Beijing 100093 China
| | | | - Richard K. Le Leu
- Central and Northern Adelaide Renal and Transplantation Service; Royal Adelaide Hospital; Adelaide SA 5000 Australia
| | | | - Liming Wu
- Institute of Apicultural Research; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Beijing 100093 China
| | - Fuliang Hu
- College of Animal Sciences; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310058 China
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31
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Folkerts J, Stadhouders R, Redegeld FA, Tam SY, Hendriks RW, Galli SJ, Maurer M. Effect of Dietary Fiber and Metabolites on Mast Cell Activation and Mast Cell-Associated Diseases. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1067. [PMID: 29910798 PMCID: PMC5992428 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Many mast cell-associated diseases, including allergies and asthma, have seen a strong increase in prevalence during the past decades, especially in Western(ized) countries. It has been suggested that a Western diet may contribute to the prevalence and manifestation of allergies and asthma through reduced intake of dietary fiber and the subsequent production of their metabolites. Indeed, dietary fiber and its metabolites have been shown to positively influence the development of immune disorders via changes in microbiota composition and the regulation of B- and T-cell activation. However, the effects of these dietary components on the activation of mast cells, key effector cells of the inflammatory response in allergies and asthma, remain poorly characterized. Due to their location in the gut and vascularized tissues, mast cells are exposed to high concentrations of dietary fiber and/or its metabolites. Here, we provide a focused overview of current findings regarding the direct effects of dietary fiber and its various metabolites on the regulation of mast cell activity and the pathophysiology of mast cell-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelle Folkerts
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Division of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States.,Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralph Stadhouders
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Frank A Redegeld
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - See-Ying Tam
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Rudi W Hendriks
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Stephen J Galli
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Marcus Maurer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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32
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Gao L, Xu T, Huang G, Jiang S, Gu Y, Chen F. Oral microbiomes: more and more importance in oral cavity and whole body. Protein Cell 2018; 9:488-500. [PMID: 29736705 PMCID: PMC5960472 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-018-0548-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 369] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbes appear in every corner of human life, and microbes affect every aspect of human life. The human oral cavity contains a number of different habitats. Synergy and interaction of variable oral microorganisms help human body against invasion of undesirable stimulation outside. However, imbalance of microbial flora contributes to oral diseases and systemic diseases. Oral microbiomes play an important role in the human microbial community and human health. The use of recently developed molecular methods has greatly expanded our knowledge of the composition and function of the oral microbiome in health and disease. Studies in oral microbiomes and their interactions with microbiomes in variable body sites and variable health condition are critical in our cognition of our body and how to make effect on human health improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Gao
- Central Laboratory, Peking University Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Tiansong Xu
- Central Laboratory, Peking University Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Gang Huang
- Central Laboratory, Peking University Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Song Jiang
- Central Laboratory, Peking University Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yan Gu
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Central Laboratory, Peking University Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, China.
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33
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Salami AT, Odukanmi OA, Oshode OO, Olaleye SB. Modulatory activities of Chrysophyllum albidum and its fractions on microflora and colonic pump activities during inflammatory phase of colitis healing in experimental mice. FOOD BIOSCI 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2017.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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34
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Azimi T, Nasiri MJ, Chirani AS, Pouriran R, Dabiri H. The role of bacteria in the inflammatory bowel disease development: a narrative review. APMIS 2018; 126:275-283. [DOI: 10.1111/apm.12814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taher Azimi
- Department of Pathobiology; School of Public Health; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Nasiri
- Department of Medical Microbiology; School of Medicine; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Alireza Salimi Chirani
- Department of Medical Microbiology; School of Medicine; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Ramin Pouriran
- School of Medicine; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Hossein Dabiri
- Department of Medical Microbiology; School of Medicine; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
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35
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Schroeder BO, Birchenough GMH, Ståhlman M, Arike L, Johansson MEV, Hansson GC, Bäckhed F. Bifidobacteria or Fiber Protects against Diet-Induced Microbiota-Mediated Colonic Mucus Deterioration. Cell Host Microbe 2017; 23:27-40.e7. [PMID: 29276171 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 429] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Diet strongly affects gut microbiota composition, and gut bacteria can influence the colonic mucus layer, a physical barrier that separates trillions of gut bacteria from the host. However, the interplay between a Western style diet (WSD), gut microbiota composition, and the intestinal mucus layer is less clear. Here we show that mice fed a WSD have an altered colonic microbiota composition that causes increased penetrability and a reduced growth rate of the inner mucus layer. Both barrier defects can be prevented by transplanting microbiota from chow-fed mice. In addition, we found that administration of Bifidobacterium longum was sufficient to restore mucus growth, whereas administration of the fiber inulin prevented increased mucus penetrability in WSD-fed mice. We hypothesize that the presence of distinct bacteria is crucial for proper mucus function. If confirmed in humans, these findings may help to better understand diseases with an affected mucus layer, such as ulcerative colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bjoern O Schroeder
- Wallenberg Laboratory and Sahlgrenska Center for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - George M H Birchenough
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Marcus Ståhlman
- Wallenberg Laboratory and Sahlgrenska Center for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Liisa Arike
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Malin E V Johansson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Gunnar C Hansson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Fredrik Bäckhed
- Wallenberg Laboratory and Sahlgrenska Center for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section for Metabolic Receptology and Enteroendocrinology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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36
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Martínez-Herrero S, Larrayoz IM, Narro-Íñiguez J, Rubio-Mediavilla S, Martínez A. Lack of Adrenomedullin Aggravates Acute TNBS-Induced Colitis Symptoms in Mice, Especially in Females. Front Physiol 2017; 8:1058. [PMID: 29311984 PMCID: PMC5742153 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.01058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Adrenomedullin (AM) is a biologically active peptide which has been tested as a new therapy for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in animal models and in patients with severe ulcerative colitis. We used an inducible knockout (KO) mouse model for AM to evaluate the effects of endogenous levels of this peptide on the development and degree of pathogenesis of IBD. Acute colitis was induced in mice of both sexes by rectal instillation of 3 mg 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) in 100 μL of 50% ethanol. Control mice received the same volume of saline in 50% ethanol. During the following 5 days, the weight and the disease severity index of all animals were recorded. After sacrifice, the inflammatory response was macroscopically assessed by analyzing the weight of the colon; by histomorphometrical analysis on histological sections; and by qRT-PCR determination of different inflammatory, adhesion, and regeneration molecules. TNBS administration caused a significantly more severe colitis in KO mice, and especially in females, when compared to wild type (WT) animals. Abrogation of the AM gene caused more severe diarrhea, accompanied by rectal bleeding, anorexia, and a significant increase of colon weight. Histological analysis of TNBS-treated KO mice showed large areas of lymphocyte infiltrates in the mucosa and submucosa, with loss of tissue architecture. No alterations were observed in the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines at the time of sacrifice; meanwhile lack of AM resulted in lower levels of some adhesion molecules and regeneration markers. Taken together, these results support the protective role of endogenous AM against the development of acute colitis, and that its effects are particularly beneficial on females.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ignacio M Larrayoz
- Oncology Area, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | | | | | - Alfredo Martínez
- Oncology Area, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
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37
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He M, Shi B. Gut microbiota as a potential target of metabolic syndrome: the role of probiotics and prebiotics. Cell Biosci 2017; 7:54. [PMID: 29090088 PMCID: PMC5655955 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-017-0183-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MS) comprises central obesity, increased plasma glucose levels, hyperlipidemia and hypertension, and its incidence is increasing due to changes in lifestyle and dietary structure in recent years. MS has been proven to be associated with an increased incidence of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus, leading to morbidity and mortality. In this manuscript, we review recent studies concerning the role of the gut microbiota in MS modulation. Manipulation of the gut microbiota through the administration of prebiotics or probiotics may assist in weight loss and reduce plasma glucose and serum lipid levels, decreasing the incidence of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus. To the best of our knowledge, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), bile salt hydrolase (BSH), metabolic endotoxemia and the endocannabinoid (eCB) system are essential in regulating the initiation and progression of MS through the normalization of adipogenesis and the regulation of insulin secretion, fat accumulation, energy homeostasis, and plasma cholesterol levels. Therefore, the gut microbiota may serve as a potential therapeutic target for MS. However, further studies are needed to enhance our understanding of manipulating the gut microbiota and the role of the gut microbiota in MS prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingqian He
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061 Shaanxi People's Republic of China
| | - Bingyin Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061 Shaanxi People's Republic of China
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Tomar SK, Kedia S, Upadhyay AD, Bopanna S, Yadav DP, Goyal S, Jain S, Makharia G, Ahuja V, Singh N. Impact of dietary beliefs and practices on patients with inflammatory bowel disease: An observational study from India. JGH OPEN 2017; 1:15-21. [PMID: 30483527 PMCID: PMC6207045 DOI: 10.1002/jgh3.12002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2017] [Revised: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background and Aim Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at a risk of nutritional deficits because of poor dietary beliefs and practices. There are no data on this aspect from Asia, which is experiencing a rise in IBD incidence. We aimed to establish dietary beliefs and practices in patients of IBD from India. Methods Patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) followed up between November 2016 and March 2017 were included. A questionnaire extracted information on the patients' sociodemographic, nutritional and disease profile, smoking and drinking habits, dietary beliefs and practices, current dietary preferences, intake and avoidance, dietary changes made after diagnosis of IBD, dietary changes made during relapse, frequency of consumption of major food groups, and the attitudes toward dietary advice. Results A total of 316 patients (218 UC and 98 CD; mean age: 38.5 ± 12.2 years) were included. Forty-four percent patients perceived food as a risk factor for IBD, 52% felt dietary habits to have a more important role than medicines in disease control, 77% reported certain foods improve symptoms during relapse, 86% had modified their diet since the diagnosis of IBD (UC > CD, P = 0.04), 90% imposed food restrictions, and <50% had received dietary counseling. About 40% of patients could not meet their dietary requirements and 66% had decreased their dietary intake since diagnosis, which further decreased during relapse (85%). Conclusion Dietary beliefs and practices play a central role in perception of disease in IBD patients. A large majority of them make dietary changes which can lead to undernutrition. Proper dietary counseling is required in these patients to prevent malnutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeevani K Tomar
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition AIIMS New Delhi India
| | - Saurabh Kedia
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition AIIMS New Delhi India
| | | | - Sawan Bopanna
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition AIIMS New Delhi India
| | - Dawesh P Yadav
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition AIIMS New Delhi India
| | - Sandeep Goyal
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition AIIMS New Delhi India
| | - Saransh Jain
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition AIIMS New Delhi India
| | - Govind Makharia
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition AIIMS New Delhi India
| | - Vineet Ahuja
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition AIIMS New Delhi India
| | - Namrata Singh
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition AIIMS New Delhi India
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Sulfate-reducing bacteria stimulate gut immune responses and contribute to inflammation in experimental colitis. Life Sci 2017; 189:29-38. [PMID: 28912045 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The intestinal microbiota is critical for mammalian immune system development and homeostasis. Sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) are part of the normal gut microbiota, but their increased levels may contribute to colitis development, likely in association with hydrogen sulfide (H2S) production. Here, we investigated the effects of SRB in the gut immune response in germ-free mice, and in experimental colitis. After 7days of colonization with Desulfovibrio indonesiensis or with a human SRB consortium (from patients with colitis), germ-free mice exhibited alterations in the colonic architecture, with increased cell infiltration in the lamina propria. SRB colonization upregulated the Th17 and Treg profiles of cytokine production/cell activation, in T cells from mesenteric lymph nodes. These alterations were more pronounced in mice colonized with the human SRB consortium, although D. indonesiensis colonization produced higher levels of H2S. Importantly, the colon of C57BL/6 mice with colitis induced by TNBS or oxazolone had increased SRB colonization, and the administration of D. indonesiensis to mice with TNBS-induced colitis clearly exacerbated the alterations in colonic architecture observed in the established disease, and also increased mouse weight loss. We conclude that SRB contribute to immune response activation in the gut and play an important role in colitis development.
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Geng Z, Zhao S, Tao G, Han Y. Early warning modeling and analysis based on analytic hierarchy process integrated extreme learning machine (AHP-ELM): Application to food safety. Food Control 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.02.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Aranda-Olmedo I, Ruiz R, Peinado MJ, Rubio LA. A pea (Pisum sativum L.) seed albumin extract prevents colonic DSS induced dysbiosis in mice. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Corfield A. Eukaryotic protein glycosylation: a primer for histochemists and cell biologists. Histochem Cell Biol 2017; 147:119-147. [PMID: 28012131 PMCID: PMC5306191 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-016-1526-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Proteins undergo co- and posttranslational modifications, and their glycosylation is the most frequent and structurally variegated type. Histochemically, the detection of glycan presence has first been performed by stains. The availability of carbohydrate-specific tools (lectins, monoclonal antibodies) has revolutionized glycophenotyping, allowing monitoring of distinct structures. The different types of protein glycosylation in Eukaryotes are described. Following this educational survey, examples where known biological function is related to the glycan structures carried by proteins are given. In particular, mucins and their glycosylation patterns are considered as instructive proof-of-principle case. The tissue and cellular location of glycoprotein biosynthesis and metabolism is reviewed, with attention to new findings in goblet cells. Finally, protein glycosylation in disease is documented, with selected examples, where aberrant glycan expression impacts on normal function to let disease pathology become manifest. The histological applications adopted in these studies are emphasized throughout the text.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Corfield
- Mucin Research Group, School of Clinical Sciences, Bristol Royal Infirmary, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS2 8HW, UK.
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No association of alcohol use and the risk of ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease: data from a European Prospective cohort study (EPIC). Eur J Clin Nutr 2017; 71:512-518. [PMID: 28120853 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2016.271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The role of long-term alcohol consumption for the risk of developing ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) is unclear. For the first time, to prospectively assess the role of pre-disease alcohol consumption on the risk of developing UC or CD. SUBJECTS/METHODS Nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC-IBD), incident UC and CD cases and matched controls where included. At recruitment, participants completed validated food frequency and lifestyle questionnaires. Alcohol consumption was classified as either: non-use, former, light (⩽0.5 and 1 drink per week), below the recommended limits (BRL) (⩽1 and 2 drinks per day), moderate (⩽2.5 and 5 drinks per day), or heavy use (>2.5 and >5 drinks per day) for women and men, respectively; and was expressed as consumption at enrolment and during lifetime. Conditional logistic regression was applied adjusting for smoking and education, taking light users as the reference. RESULTS Out of 262 451 participants in six countries, 198 UC incident cases/792 controls and 84 CD cases/336 controls were included. At enrolment, 8%/27%/32%/23%/11% UC cases and 7%/29%/40%/19%/5% CD cases were: non-users, light, BRL, moderate and heavy users, respectively. The corresponding figures for lifetime non-use, former, light, BRL, moderate and heavy use were: 3%/5%/23%/44%/19%/6% and 5%/2%/25%/44%/23%/1% for UC and CD cases, respectively. There were no associations between any categories of alcohol consumption and risk of UC or CD in the unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios. CONCLUSION There was no evidence of associations between alcohol use and the odds of developing either UC or CD.
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Shadnoush M, Hosseini RS, Khalilnezhad A, Navai L, Goudarzi H, Vaezjalali M. Effects of Probiotics on Gut Microbiota in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY 2017; 65:215-21. [PMID: 25896155 DOI: 10.4166/kjg.2015.65.4.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Several clinical trials have revealed various advantages for probiotics in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The aim of this study was to further investigate the effects of probiotic yogurt consumption on gut microbiota in patients with this disease. METHODS A total of 305 participants were divided into three groups; group A (IBD patients receiving probiotic yogurt; n=105), group B (IBD patients receiving placebo; n=105), and control group (healthy individuals receiving probiotic yogurt; n=95). Stool samples were collected both before and after 8 weeks of intervention; and population of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides in the stool specimens was measured by Taqman real-time PCR method. RESULTS By the end of the intervention, no significant variations in the mean weight and body mass index were observed between three groups (p>0.05). However, the mean numbers of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Bacteroides in group A were significantly increased compared to group B (p<0.001, p<0.001, and p< 0.01, respectively). There were also significant differences in the mean numbers of either of three bacteria between group A and the healthy control group; however, these differences between two groups were observed both at baseline and the end of the intervention. CONCLUSIONS Consumption of probiotic yogurt by patients with IBD may help to improve intestinal function by increasing the number of probiotic bacteria in the intestine and colon. However, many more studies are required in order to prove the concept.
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El Mouzan MI, Al Mofarreh MA, Al Sarkhy AA, Assiri AM, Hamed YM. Pre-illness diet as risk factor in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease in Saudi Arabia. Saudi J Gastroenterol 2017; 23:287-290. [PMID: 28937023 PMCID: PMC5625365 DOI: 10.4103/sjg.sjg_619_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasing in Saudi Arabia but there's little knowledge about its risk factors. Our aim is to investigate the dietary risk factors of this disease in Saudi children. PATIENTS AND METHODS The children investigated for IBD were prospectively enrolled. Those with confirmed IBD were designated cases and the others were controls. The average food frequency intake at least 3 months before onset of illness was obtained by direct interview and recorded on a modified food frequency questionnaire. Fast food, sweet gaseous soft drinks, fruits, and vegetables were selected. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, multivariate logistic regression was used, and the odds ratio was calculated to report the statistical significance of the results. RESULTS A total of 91 children, 52 IBD (38 CD, 14 UC) and 39 controls were enrolled. Consumption of fast food and sweet gaseous drinks was more frequent in children with IBD than controls, whereas consumption of fruits and vegetables was less frequent in children with IBD. Only less fruits consumption was significantly associated with IBD as the odds of children getting IBD was 2.89 (1.06, 7.87). CONCLUSIONS We report statistically significant positive association between less fruits consumption and IBD. Awaiting the results of larger sample size and more quantitative studies, the benefits of frequent fruit consumptions should be part of public health education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad I. El Mouzan
- Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology Division, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,Address for correspondence: Dr. Mohammad I. El Mouzan, Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology Division, PO Box 2925, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia. E-mail:
| | | | - Ahmad A. Al Sarkhy
- Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology Division, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Asaad M. Assiri
- Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology Division, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Yassin M. Hamed
- Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology Division, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Faecal calprotectin: factors affecting levels and its potential role as a surrogate marker for risk of development of Crohn's Disease. BMC Gastroenterol 2016; 16:126. [PMID: 27717310 PMCID: PMC5054545 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-016-0535-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Faecal calprotectin (FC) is one of the most widely used non-invasive tests for the diagnosis and assessment of Crohn’s disease (CD) activity. Despite this, factors other than disease activity which affect levels have not been extensively reviewed. This is of importance when using FC in the diagnostic setting but also may be of utility in studying the aetiology of disease. Objectives Our review outlines environmental risk factors that affect FC levels influencing diagnostic accuracy and how these may be associated with risk of developing CD. FC as a surrogate marker could be used to validate risk factors established in case control studies where prospective studies are not feasible. Proof of this concept is provided by our identification of obesity as being associated with elevated FC, our subsequent confirmation of obesity as risk factor for CD and the subsequent verification in prospective studies, as well as associations of lack of physical activity and dietary fibre intake with elevated FC levels and their subsequent confirmation as risk factors in prospective studies. Conclusion We believe that FC is likely to prove a useful surrogate marker for risk of developing CD. This review has given a theoretical basis for considering the epidemiological determinants of CD which to date has been missing.
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Lucas López R, Grande Burgos MJ, Gálvez A, Pérez Pulido R. The human gastrointestinal tract and oral microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease: a state of the science review. APMIS 2016; 125:3-10. [PMID: 27704622 DOI: 10.1111/apm.12609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) includes a spectrum of diseases from ulcerative colitis (UC) to Crohn's disease (CD). Many studies have addressed the changes in the microbiota of individuals affected by UC and CD. A decrease in biodiversity and depletion of the phyla Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes has been reported, among others. Changes in microbial composition also result in changes in the metabolites generated in the gut from microbial activity that may involve the amount of butyrate and other metabolites such as H2 S being produced. Other factors such as diet, age, or medication need to be taken into consideration when studying dysbiosis associated with IBD. Diverse bacterial species have been associated specifically or non-specifically to IBD, but none of them have been demonstrated to be its ethiological agent. Recent studies also suggest that micro-eukaryotic populations may also be altered in IBD patients. Last, but not least, viruses, and specially bacteriophages, can play a role in controlling microbial populations in the gastrointestinal tract. This may affect both bacterial diversity and metabolism, but possible implications for IBD still remain to be solved. Dysbiosis in the oral microbiome associated with IBD remains an emerging field for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Lucas López
- Área de Microbiología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - María José Grande Burgos
- Área de Microbiología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Antonio Gálvez
- Área de Microbiología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Rubén Pérez Pulido
- Área de Microbiología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain
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Dolan KT, Chang EB. Diet, gut microbes, and the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases. Mol Nutr Food Res 2016; 61. [PMID: 27346644 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201600129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2016] [Revised: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The rising incidence of inflammatory bowel diseases in recent decades has notably paralleled changing lifestyle habits in Western nations, which are now making their way into more traditional societies. Diet plays a key role in IBD pathogenesis, and there is a growing appreciation that the interaction between diet and microbes in a susceptible person contributes significantly to the onset of disease. In this review, we examine what is known about dietary and microbial factors that promote IBD. We summarize recent findings regarding the effects of diet in IBD epidemiology from prospective population cohort studies, as well as new insights into IBD-associated dysbiosis. Microbial metabolism of dietary components can influence the epithelial barrier and the mucosal immune system, and understanding how these interactions generate or suppress inflammation will be a significant focus of IBD research. Our knowledge of dietary and microbial risk factors for IBD provides important considerations for developing therapeutic approaches through dietary modification or re-shaping the microbiota. We conclude by calling for increased sophistication in designing studies on the role of diet and microbes in IBD pathogenesis and disease resolution in order to accelerate progress in response to the growing challenge posed by these complex disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle T Dolan
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago
| | - Eugene B Chang
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago
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Behera SS, Ray RC. Konjac glucomannan, a promising polysaccharide of Amorphophallus konjac K. Koch in health care. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 92:942-956. [PMID: 27481345 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.07.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In recent year, konjac glucomannan (KGM) has attracted more attention due to its non-harmful and non-toxic properties, good biocompatibility, biodegradability and hydrophilic ability. Moreover, KGM and their derivatives have several importances in the multidirectional research areas such as nutritional, biotechnological and fine chemical fields. In the previous article, we have reviewed the nutritional aspects of KGM covering the various aspects of functional foods, food additives and their derivatives. This review aims at highlighting the diverse biomedical research conducted on KGM in the past ten years, covering therapies for anti-obesity, regulation in lipid metabolism, laxative effect, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, prebiotic to wound dressing applications. Moreover, this review deals with global health aspects of KGM and the disparate health related factors associated with diseases and their control measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhanshu S Behera
- Department of Fisheries and Animal Resource Development, Government of Odisha, India.
| | - Ramesh C Ray
- ICAR-Central Tuber Crops Research Institute (Regional Centre), Bhubaneswar 751 019, India
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