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Li Z, Sun A, Liu C, Sun H, Wei H, Wang S, Li R. Technical Note: Swing golden angle - A navigator-interleaved golden angle trajectory with eddy current suppression - Application in free-running cardiac MRI. Med Phys 2024. [PMID: 38837254 DOI: 10.1002/mp.17188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Golden angle (GA) radial trajectory is advantageous for dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Recently, several advanced algorithms have been developed based on navigator-interleaved GA trajectory to realize free-running cardiac MRI. However, navigator-interleaved GA trajectory suffers from the eddy-current effect, which reduces the image quality. PURPOSE This work aims to integrate the navigator-interleaved GA trajectory with clinical cardiac MRI acquisition, with the minimum eddy-current artifacts. The ultimate goal is to realize a high-quality free-running cardiac imaging technique. METHODS In this paper, we propose a new "swing golden angle" (swingGA) radial profile order. SwingGA samples the k-space by rotating back and forth at the generalized golden ratio interval, with smoothly interleaved navigator readouts. The sampling efficiency and angle increment distributions were investigated by numerical simulations. Static phantom imaging experiments were conducted to evaluate the eddy current effect, compared with cartesian, golden angle radial (GA), and tiny golden angle (tGA) trajectories. Furthermore, 12 heart-healthy subjects (aged 21-25 years) were recruited for free-running cardiac imaging with different sampling trajectories. Dynamic images were reconstructed by a low-rank subspace-constrained algorithm. The image quality was evaluated by signal-to-noise-ratio and spectrum analysis in the heart region, and compared with traditional clinical cardiac MRI images. RESULTS SwingGA pattern achieves the highest sampling efficiency (mSE > 0.925) and the minimum azimuthal angle increment (mAD < 1.05). SwingGA can effectively suppress eddy currents in static phantom images, with the lowest normalized root mean square error (nRMSE) values among radial trajectories. For the in-vivo cardiac images, swingGA enjoys the highest SNR both in the blood pool and myocardium, and contains the minimum level of high-frequency artifacts. The free-running cardiac images have good consistency with traditional clinical cardiac MRI, and the swingGA sampling pattern achieves the best image quality among all sampling patterns. CONCLUSIONS The proposed swingGA sampling pattern can effectively improve the sampling efficiency and reduce the eddy currents for the navigator-interleaved GA sequence. SwingGA is a promising sampling pattern for free-running cardiac MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongsen Li
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, School of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Aiqi Sun
- Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Chuyu Liu
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, School of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Haozhong Sun
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, School of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Haining Wei
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, School of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, School of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Li
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, School of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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Chen L, Xu J, Liu D, Ji B, Wang J, Zeng X, Zhang J, Feng L. High-resolution free-breathing hepatobiliary phase MRI of the liver using XD-GRASP. Magn Reson Imaging 2024; 109:42-48. [PMID: 38447629 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2024.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the performance of high-resolution free-breathing (FB) hepatobiliary phase imaging of the liver using the eXtra-Dimension Golden-angle RAdial Sparse Parallel (XD-GRASP) MRI technique. METHODS Fifty-eight clinical patients (41 males, mean age = 52.9 ± 12.9) with liver lesions who underwent dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI with a liver-specific contrast agent were prospectively recruited for this study. Both breath-hold volumetric interpolated examination (BH-VIBE) imaging and FB imaging were performed during the hepatobiliary phase. FB images were acquired using a stack-of-stars golden-angle radial sequence and were reconstructed using the XD-GRASP method. Two experienced radiologists blinded to acquisition schemes independently scored the overall image quality, liver edge sharpness, hepatic vessel clarity, conspicuity of lesion, and overall artifact level of each image. The non-parametric paired two-tailed Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS Compared to BH-VIBE images, XD-GRASP images received significantly higher scores (P < 0.05) for the liver edge sharpness (4.83 ± 0.45 vs 4.29 ± 0.46), the hepatic vessel clarity (4.64 ± 0.67 vs 4.15 ± 0.56) and the conspicuity of lesion (4.75 ± 0.53 vs 4.31 ± 0.50). There were no significant differences (P > 0.05) between BH-VIBE and XD-GRASP images for the overall image quality (4.61 ± 0.50 vs 4.74 ± 0.47) and the overall artifact level (4.13 ± 0.44 vs 4.05 ± 0.61). CONCLUSION Compared to conventional BH-VIBE MRI, FB radial acquisition combined with XD-GRASP reconstruction facilitates higher spatial resolution imaging of the liver during the hepatobiliary phase. This enhancement can significantly improve the visualization and evaluation of the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Chen
- Department of Radiology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of General Surgery, 904th Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Daihong Liu
- Department of Radiology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bing Ji
- Department of Radiology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Radiology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Xianchun Zeng
- Department of Radiology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guizhou, China.
| | - Jiuquan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Li Feng
- Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI2R) and Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
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Takatsu Y, Ueyama T, Iwasaki T, Tateyama T, Miyati T. Simulation of time-intensity curve based on k-space filling in breast dynamic contrast-enhanced three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging. Radiol Phys Technol 2024; 17:536-552. [PMID: 38613653 DOI: 10.1007/s12194-024-00793-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
This study elucidated the effects of a three-dimensional k-space trajectory incorporating the partial Fourier (PF) technique on a time-intensity curve (TIC) in a dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of a typical malignant breast tumor using a digital phantom. Images were obtained from the Cancer Imaging Archive Open Data for Breast Cancer, and 1-min scans with high temporal resolution were analyzed. The order of the k-space trajectory was set as Linear (sequential), Low-High (centric), PF (62.5%; Z-, Y-, and both directions), and Low-High Radial. k0 (center of the k-space) timing and TIC shape were affected by the chosen k-space trajectory and implementation of the PF technique. A small TIC gradient was obtained using a Low-High Radial order. If the k-space filling method (particularly the radial method) produces a gentle TIC gradient, misinterpretation could arise during the assessment of tumor malignancy status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuo Takatsu
- Molecular Imaging, School of Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-Cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan.
- Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, 5-11-80 Kodatsuno, Kanazawa, 920-0942, Japan.
| | - Tsuyoshi Ueyama
- Department of Radiology, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Takahiro Iwasaki
- Department of Radiology, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Tomoko Tateyama
- Department of Intelligent Information Engineering, School of Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University, 1‑98, Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake‑Cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470‑1192, Japan
| | - Tosiaki Miyati
- Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, 5-11-80 Kodatsuno, Kanazawa, 920-0942, Japan
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Ariyurek C, Koçanaoğulları A, Afacan O, Kurugol S. Motion-compensated image reconstruction for improved kidney function assessment using dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2024; 37:e5116. [PMID: 38359842 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.5116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Accurately measuring renal function is crucial for pediatric patients with kidney conditions. Traditional methods have limitations, but dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) provides a safe and efficient approach for detailed anatomical evaluation and renal function assessment. However, motion artifacts during DCE-MRI can degrade image quality and introduce misalignments, leading to unreliable results. This study introduces a motion-compensated reconstruction technique for DCE-MRI data acquired using golden-angle radial sampling. Our proposed method achieves three key objectives: (1) identifying and removing corrupted data (outliers) using a Gaussian process model fitting with a k -space center navigator, (2) efficiently clustering the data into motion phases and performing interphase registration, and (3) utilizing a novel formulation of motion-compensated radial reconstruction. We applied the proposed motion correction (MoCo) method to DCE-MRI data affected by varying degrees of motion, including both respiratory and bulk motion. We compared the outcomes with those obtained from the conventional radial reconstruction. Our evaluation encompassed assessing the quality of images, concentration curves, and tracer kinetic model fitting, and estimating renal function. The proposed MoCo reconstruction improved the temporal signal-to-noise ratio for all subjects, with a 21.8% increase on average, while total variation values of the aorta, right, and left kidney concentration were improved for each subject, with 32.5%, 41.3%, and 42.9% increases on average, respectively. Furthermore, evaluation of tracer kinetic model fitting indicated that the median standard deviation of the estimated filtration rate (σ F T ), mean normalized root-mean-squared error (nRMSE), and chi-square goodness-of-fit of tracer kinetic model fit were decreased from 0.10 to 0.04, 0.27 to 0.24, and, 0.43 to 0.27, respectively. The proposed MoCo technique enabled more reliable renal function assessment and improved image quality for detailed anatomical evaluation in the case of bulk and respiratory motion during the acquisition of DCE-MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cemre Ariyurek
- Quantitative Intelligent Imaging Lab (QUIN), Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Aziz Koçanaoğulları
- Quantitative Intelligent Imaging Lab (QUIN), Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Onur Afacan
- Quantitative Intelligent Imaging Lab (QUIN), Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sila Kurugol
- Quantitative Intelligent Imaging Lab (QUIN), Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Lee Y, Yoon S, Paek M, Han D, Choi MH, Park SH. Advanced MRI techniques in abdominal imaging. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2024:10.1007/s00261-024-04369-7. [PMID: 38802629 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-024-04369-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a crucial modality for abdominal imaging evaluation of focal lesions and tissue properties. However, several obstacles, such as prolonged scan times, limitations in patients' breath-hold capacity, and contrast agent-associated artifacts, remain in abdominal MR images. Recent techniques, including parallel imaging, three-dimensional acquisition, compressed sensing, and deep learning, have been developed to reduce the scan time while ensuring acceptable image quality or to achieve higher resolution without extending the scan duration. Quantitative measurements using MRI techniques enable the noninvasive evaluation of specific materials. A comprehensive understanding of these advanced techniques is essential for accurate interpretation of MRI sequences. Herein, we therefore review advanced abdominal MRI techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonhee Lee
- Department of Radiology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, 21, Namdong-daero 774beon-gil, Namdong-gu, Incheon, 21565, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungjin Yoon
- Department of Radiology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, 21, Namdong-daero 774beon-gil, Namdong-gu, Incheon, 21565, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Dongyeob Han
- Siemens Healthineers Ltd, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Hyung Choi
- Department of Radiology, Catholic University of Korea Eunpyeong St Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - So Hyun Park
- Department of Radiology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, 21, Namdong-daero 774beon-gil, Namdong-gu, Incheon, 21565, Republic of Korea.
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Cohen O, Kargar S, Woo S, Vargas A, Otazo R. DCE-Qnet: Deep Network Quantification of Dynamic Contrast Enhanced (DCE) MRI. ARXIV 2024:arXiv:2405.12360v1. [PMID: 38827459 PMCID: PMC11142325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Quantification of dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-MRI has the potential to provide valuable clinical information, but robust pharmacokinetic modeling remains a challenge for clinical adoption. Methods A 7-layer neural network called DCE-Qnet was trained on simulated DCE-MRI signals derived from the Extended Tofts model with the Parker arterial input function. Network training incorporated B1 inhomogeneities to estimate perfusion (Ktrans, vp, ve), tissue T1 relaxation, proton density and bolus arrival time (BAT). The accuracy was tested in a digital phantom in comparison to a conventional nonlinear least-squares fitting (NLSQ). In vivo testing was conducted in 10 healthy subjects. Regions of interest in the cervix and uterine myometrium were used to calculate the inter-subject variability. The clinical utility was demonstrated on a cervical cancer patient. Test-retest experiments were used to assess reproducibility of the parameter maps in the tumor. Results The DCE-Qnet reconstruction outperformed NLSQ in the phantom. The coefficient of variation (CV) in the healthy cervix varied between 5-51% depending on the parameter. Parameter values in the tumor agreed with previous studies despite differences in methodology. The CV in the tumor varied between 1-47%. Conclusion The proposed approach provides comprehensive DCE-MRI quantification from a single acquisition. DCE-Qnet eliminates the need for separate T1 scan or BAT processing, leading to a reduction of 10 minutes per scan and more accurate quantification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ouri Cohen
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Soudabeh Kargar
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sungmin Woo
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alberto Vargas
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ricardo Otazo
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
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Almansour H, Mustafi M, Lescan M, Grosse U, Andic M, Schmehl J, Artzner C, Grözinger G, Walter SS. Dynamic Radial MR Imaging for Endoleak Surveillance after Endovascular Repair of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms with Inconclusive CT Angiography: A Prospective Study. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2913. [PMID: 38792455 PMCID: PMC11122363 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13102913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives: To assess free-breathing, dynamic radial magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) for detecting endoleaks post-endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) in cases with inconclusive computed tomography angiography (CTA). Methods: This prospective single-center study included 17 participants (mean age, 70 ± 9 years; 13 males) who underwent dynamic radial MRI (Golden-angle RAdial Sparse Parallel-Volumetric Interpolated BrEath-hold, GRASP-VIBE) after inconclusive multiphasic CT for the presence of endoleaks during the follow-up of EVAR-treated abdominal aortic aneurysms. CT and MRI datasets were independently assessed by two radiologists for image quality, diagnostic confidence, and the presence/type of endoleak. Statistical analyses included interrater and intermethod agreement, and diagnostic performance (sensitivity, specificity, area under the curve (AUC)). Results: Subjective image analysis demonstrated good image quality and interrater agreement (k ≥ 0.6) for both modalities, while diagnostic confidence was significantly higher in MRA (p = 0.03). There was significantly improved accuracy for detecting type II endoleaks on MRA (AUC 0.97 [95% CI: 0.87, 1.0]) compared to CTA (AUC 0.66 [95% CI: 0.41, 0.91]; p = 0.03). Although MRA demonstrated higher values for sensitivity, specificity, AUC, and interrater agreement, none of the other types nor the overall detection rate for endoleaks showed differences in the diagnostic performance over CT (p ≥ 0.12). CTA and MRA revealed slight to moderate intermethod concordance in endoleak detection (k = 0.3-0.64). Conclusions: The GRASP-VIBE MRA characterized by high spatial and temporal resolution demonstrates clinical feasibility with good image quality and superior diagnostic confidence. It notably enhances diagnostic performance in detecting and classifying endoleaks, particularly type II, compared to traditional multiphase CTA with inconclusive findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidara Almansour
- Department for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, University Hospital Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (H.A.); (J.S.); (C.A.); (G.G.); (S.S.W.)
| | - Migdat Mustafi
- Klinik für Thoraxchirurgie-Lungentransplantation und Klinik für Kinderherzchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, 66421 Homburg, Germany;
| | - Mario Lescan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany;
| | - Ulrich Grosse
- Department of Radiology, Cantonal Hospital Frauenfeld, Switzerland Pfaffenholzstrasse 4, 8500 Frauenfeld, Switzerland
| | - Mateja Andic
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany;
| | - Jörg Schmehl
- Department for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, University Hospital Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (H.A.); (J.S.); (C.A.); (G.G.); (S.S.W.)
| | - Christoph Artzner
- Department for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, University Hospital Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (H.A.); (J.S.); (C.A.); (G.G.); (S.S.W.)
- Diakonie Klinikum Stuttgart, Department for Radiology, 70176 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Gerd Grözinger
- Department for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, University Hospital Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (H.A.); (J.S.); (C.A.); (G.G.); (S.S.W.)
| | - Sven S. Walter
- Department for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, University Hospital Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (H.A.); (J.S.); (C.A.); (G.G.); (S.S.W.)
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Zhang C, Piccini D, Demirel OB, Bonanno G, Roy CW, Yaman B, Moeller S, Shenoy C, Stuber M, Akçakaya M. Large-scale 3D non-Cartesian coronary MRI reconstruction using distributed memory-efficient physics-guided deep learning with limited training data. MAGMA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024:10.1007/s10334-024-01157-8. [PMID: 38743377 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-024-01157-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECT To enable high-quality physics-guided deep learning (PG-DL) reconstruction of large-scale 3D non-Cartesian coronary MRI by overcoming challenges of hardware limitations and limited training data availability. MATERIALS AND METHODS While PG-DL has emerged as a powerful image reconstruction method, its application to large-scale 3D non-Cartesian MRI is hindered by hardware limitations and limited availability of training data. We combine several recent advances in deep learning and MRI reconstruction to tackle the former challenge, and we further propose a 2.5D reconstruction using 2D convolutional neural networks, which treat 3D volumes as batches of 2D images to train the network with a limited amount of training data. Both 3D and 2.5D variants of the PG-DL networks were compared to conventional methods for high-resolution 3D kooshball coronary MRI. RESULTS Proposed PG-DL reconstructions of 3D non-Cartesian coronary MRI with 3D and 2.5D processing outperformed all conventional methods both quantitatively and qualitatively in terms of image assessment by an experienced cardiologist. The 2.5D variant further improved vessel sharpness compared to 3D processing, and scored higher in terms of qualitative image quality. DISCUSSION PG-DL reconstruction of large-scale 3D non-Cartesian MRI without compromising image size or network complexity is achieved, and the proposed 2.5D processing enables high-quality reconstruction with limited training data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhang
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, 200 Union Street S.E., Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Davide Piccini
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Advanced Clinical Imaging Technology, Siemens Healthineers International, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Omer Burak Demirel
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, 200 Union Street S.E., Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Gabriele Bonanno
- Advanced Clinical Imaging Technology, Siemens Healthineers International, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christopher W Roy
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Burhaneddin Yaman
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, 200 Union Street S.E., Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Steen Moeller
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Chetan Shenoy
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Matthias Stuber
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mehmet Akçakaya
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, 200 Union Street S.E., Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
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Zhao Y, Ding Y, Lau V, Man C, Su S, Xiao L, Leong ATL, Wu EX. Whole-body magnetic resonance imaging at 0.05 Tesla. Science 2024; 384:eadm7168. [PMID: 38723062 DOI: 10.1126/science.adm7168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Despite a half-century of advancements, global magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) accessibility remains limited and uneven, hindering its full potential in health care. Initially, MRI development focused on low fields around 0.05 Tesla, but progress halted after the introduction of the 1.5 Tesla whole-body superconducting scanner in 1983. Using a permanent 0.05 Tesla magnet and deep learning for electromagnetic interference elimination, we developed a whole-body scanner that operates using a standard wall power outlet and without radiofrequency and magnetic shielding. We demonstrated its wide-ranging applicability for imaging various anatomical structures. Furthermore, we developed three-dimensional deep learning reconstruction to boost image quality by harnessing extensive high-field MRI data. These advances pave the way for affordable deep learning-powered ultra-low-field MRI scanners, addressing unmet clinical needs in diverse health care settings worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiao Zhao
- Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Signal Processing, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ye Ding
- Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Signal Processing, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Vick Lau
- Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Signal Processing, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Christopher Man
- Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Signal Processing, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shi Su
- Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Signal Processing, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Linfang Xiao
- Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Signal Processing, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Alex T L Leong
- Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Signal Processing, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ed X Wu
- Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Signal Processing, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Yang H, Hong K, Baraboo JJ, Fan L, Larsen A, Markl M, Robinson JD, Rigsby CK, Kim D. GRASP reconstruction amplified with view-sharing and KWIC filtering reduces underestimation of peak velocity in highly-accelerated real-time phase-contrast MRI: A preliminary evaluation in pediatric patients with congenital heart disease. Magn Reson Med 2024; 91:1965-1977. [PMID: 38084397 PMCID: PMC10950531 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a highly-accelerated, real-time phase contrast (rtPC) MRI pulse sequence with 40 fps frame rate (25 ms effective temporal resolution). METHODS Highly-accelerated golden-angle radial sparse parallel (GRASP) with over regularization may result in temporal blurring, which in turn causes underestimation of peak velocity. Thus, we amplified GRASP performance by synergistically combining view-sharing (VS) and k-space weighted image contrast (KWIC) filtering. In 17 pediatric patients with congenital heart disease (CHD), the conventional GRASP and the proposed GRASP amplified by VS and KWIC (or GRASP + VS + KWIC) reconstruction for rtPC MRI were compared with respect to clinical standard PC MRI in measuring hemodynamic parameters (peak velocity, forward volume, backward volume, regurgitant fraction) at four locations (aortic valve, pulmonary valve, left and right pulmonary arteries). RESULTS The proposed reconstruction method (GRASP + VS + KWIC) achieved better effective spatial resolution (i.e., image sharpness) compared with conventional GRASP, ultimately reducing the underestimation of peak velocity from 17.4% to 6.4%. The hemodynamic metrics (peak velocity, volumes) were not significantly (p > 0.99) different between GRASP + VS + KWIC and clinical PC, whereas peak velocity was significantly (p < 0.007) lower for conventional GRASP. RtPC with GRASP + VS + KWIC also showed the ability to assess beat-to-beat variation and detect the highest peak among peaks. CONCLUSION The synergistic combination of GRASP, VS, and KWIC achieves 25 ms effective temporal resolution (40 fps frame rate), while minimizing the underestimation of peak velocity compared with conventional GRASP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huili Yang
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - KyungPyo Hong
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Justin J Baraboo
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Lexiaozi Fan
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Andrine Larsen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michael Markl
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Joshua D Robinson
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Cynthia K Rigsby
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Medical Imaging, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Daniel Kim
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
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11
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Hamilton JI, Lima da Cruz G, Rashid I, Walker J, Rajagopalan S, Seiberlich N. Deep image prior cine MR fingerprinting with B 1 + spin history correction. Magn Reson Med 2024; 91:2010-2027. [PMID: 38098428 PMCID: PMC10950517 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a deep image prior (DIP) reconstruction for B1 + -corrected 2D cine MR fingerprinting (MRF). METHODS The proposed method combines low-rank (LR) modeling with a DIP to generate cardiac phase-resolved parameter maps without motion correction, employing self-supervised training to enforce consistency with undersampled spiral k-space data. Two implementations were tested: one approach (DIP) for cine T1 , T2 , and M0 mapping, and a second approach (DIP with effective B1 + estimation [DIP-B1]) that also generated an effective B1 + map to correct for errors due to RF transmit inhomogeneities, through-plane motion, and blood flow. Cine MRF data were acquired in 14 healthy subjects and four reconstructions were compared: LR, low-rank motion-corrected (LRMC), DIP, and DIP-B1. Results were compared to diastolic ECG-triggered MRF, MOLLI, and T2 -prep bSSFP. Additionally, bright-blood and dark-blood images calculated from cine MRF maps were used to quantify ventricular function and compared to reference cine measurements. RESULTS DIP and DIP-B1 outperformed other cine MRF reconstructions with improved noise suppression and delineation of high-resolution details. Within-segment variability in the myocardium (reported as the coefficient of variation for T1 /T2 ) was lowest for DIP-B1 (2.3/8.3%) followed by DIP (2.7/8.7%), LRMC (3.5/10.5%), and LR (15.3/39.6%). Spatial homogeneity improved with DIP-B1 having the lowest intersegment variability (2.6/4.1%). The mean bias in ejection fraction was -1.1% compared to reference cine scans. CONCLUSION A DIP reconstruction for 2D cine MRF enabled cardiac phase-resolved mapping of T1 , T2 , M0 , and the effective B1 + with improved noise suppression and precision compared to LR and LRMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse I. Hamilton
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Imran Rashid
- School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jonathan Walker
- School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Sanjay Rajagopalan
- School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Nicole Seiberlich
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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12
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Bae J, Qayyum S, Zhang J, Das A, Reyes I, Aronowitz E, Stavarache MA, Kaplitt MG, Masurkar A, Kim SG. Feasibility of measuring blood-brain barrier permeability using ultra-short echo time radial magnetic resonance imaging. J Neuroimaging 2024; 34:320-328. [PMID: 38616297 PMCID: PMC11090723 DOI: 10.1111/jon.13199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of using 3-dimensional (3D) ultra-short echo time (UTE) radial imaging method for measurement of the permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to gadolinium-based contrast agent. In this study, we propose to use the golden-angle radial sparse parallel (GRASP) method with 3D center-out trajectories for UTE, hence named as 3D UTE-GRASP. We first examined the feasibility of using 3D UTE-GRASP dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for differentiating subtle BBB disruptions induced by focused ultrasound (FUS). Then, we examined the BBB permeability changes in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology using Alzheimer's disease transgenic mice (5xFAD) at different ages. METHODS For FUS experiments, we used four Sprague Dawley rats at similar ages where we compared BBB permeability of each rat receiving the FUS sonication with different acoustic power (0.4-1.0 MPa). For AD transgenic mice experiments, we included three 5xFAD mice (6, 12, and 16 months old) and three wild-type mice (4, 8, and 12 months old). RESULTS The result from FUS experiments showed a progressive increase in BBB permeability with increase of acoustic power (p < .05), demonstrating the sensitivity of DCE-MRI method for detecting subtle changes in BBB disruption. Our AD transgenic mice experiments suggest an early BBB disruption in 5xFAD mice, which is further impaired with aging. CONCLUSION The results in this study substantiate the feasibility of using the proposed 3D UTE-GRASP method for detecting subtle BBB permeability changes expected in neurodegenerative diseases, such as AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonghyun Bae
- Vilcek Institute of Graduate Biomedical Science, New York University School of Medicine
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, Radiology, New York University School of Medicine
- Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research, Radiology, New York University School of Medicine
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College
| | - Sawwal Qayyum
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College
| | - Ayesha Das
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College
| | - Isabel Reyes
- Center for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurology, New York University School of Medicine
- Department of Neuroscience & Physiology, New York University School of Medicine
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University School of Medicine
| | | | | | | | - Arjun Masurkar
- Center for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurology, New York University School of Medicine
- Department of Neuroscience & Physiology, New York University School of Medicine
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University School of Medicine
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13
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Qiu Z, Hu S, Zhao W, Sakaie K, Sun JE, Griswold MA, Jones DK, Ma D. Self-calibrated subspace reconstruction for multidimensional MR fingerprinting for simultaneous relaxation and diffusion quantification. Magn Reson Med 2024; 91:1978-1993. [PMID: 38102776 PMCID: PMC10950540 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To propose a new reconstruction method for multidimensional MR fingerprinting (mdMRF) to address shading artifacts caused by physiological motion-induced measurement errors without navigating or gating. METHODS The proposed method comprises two procedures: self-calibration and subspace reconstruction. The first procedure (self-calibration) applies temporally local matrix completion to reconstruct low-resolution images from a subset of under-sampled data extracted from the k-space center. The second procedure (subspace reconstruction) utilizes temporally global subspace reconstruction with pre-estimated temporal subspace from low-resolution images to reconstruct aliasing-free, high-resolution, and time-resolved images. After reconstruction, a customized outlier detection algorithm was employed to automatically detect and remove images corrupted by measurement errors. Feasibility, robustness, and scan efficiency were evaluated through in vivo human brain imaging experiments. RESULTS The proposed method successfully reconstructed aliasing-free, high-resolution, and time-resolved images, where the measurement errors were accurately represented. The corrupted images were automatically and robustly detected and removed. Artifact-free T1, T2, and ADC maps were generated simultaneously. The proposed reconstruction method demonstrated robustness across different scanners, parameter settings, and subjects. A high scan efficiency of less than 20 s per slice has been achieved. CONCLUSION The proposed reconstruction method can effectively alleviate shading artifacts caused by physiological motion-induced measurement errors. It enables simultaneous and artifact-free quantification of T1, T2, and ADC using mdMRF scans without prospective gating, with robustness and high scan efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilang Qiu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States
| | - Siyuan Hu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States
| | - Walter Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States
| | - Ken Sakaie
- Imaging Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States
| | - Jessie E.P. Sun
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States
| | - Mark A. Griswold
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States
| | - Derek K. Jones
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Dan Ma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States
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14
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Jiang Y, Pais-Roldán P, Pohmann R, Yu X. High Spatiotemporal Resolution Radial Encoding Single-Vessel fMRI. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2309218. [PMID: 38689514 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202309218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
High-field preclinical functional MRI (fMRI) is enabled the high spatial resolution mapping of vessel-specific hemodynamic responses, that is single-vessel fMRI. In contrast to investigating the neuronal sources of the fMRI signal, single-vessel fMRI focuses on elucidating its vascular origin, which can be readily implemented to identify vascular changes relevant to vascular dementia or cognitive impairment. However, the limited spatial and temporal resolution of fMRI is hindered hemodynamic mapping of intracortical microvessels. Here, the radial encoding MRI scheme is implemented to measure BOLD signals of individual vessels penetrating the rat somatosensory cortex. Radial encoding MRI is employed to map cortical activation with a focal field of view (FOV), allowing vessel-specific functional mapping with 50 × 50 µm2 in-plane resolution at a 1 to 2 Hz sampling rate. Besides detecting refined hemodynamic responses of intracortical micro-venules, the radial encoding-based single-vessel fMRI enables the distinction of fMRI signals from vessel and peri-vessel voxels due to the different contribution of intravascular and extravascular effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Jiang
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Patricia Pais-Roldán
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 4, Medical Imaging Physics, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Rolf Pohmann
- High-Field Magnetic Resonance, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Xin Yu
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
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15
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Zhong X, Nickel MD, Kannengiesser SAR, Dale BM, Han F, Gao C, Shih SF, Dai Q, Curiel O, Tsao TC, Wu HH, Deshpande V. Accelerated free-breathing liver fat and R 2 * quantification using multi-echo stack-of-radial MRI with motion-resolved multidimensional regularized reconstruction: Initial retrospective evaluation. Magn Reson Med 2024. [PMID: 38650444 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.30117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To improve image quality, mitigate quantification biases and variations for free-breathing liver proton density fat fraction (PDFF) andR 2 * $$ {\mathrm{R}}_2^{\ast } $$ quantification accelerated by radial k-space undersampling. METHODS A free-breathing multi-echo stack-of-radial MRI method was developed with compressed sensing with multidimensional regularization. It was validated in motion phantoms with reference acquisitions without motion and in 11 subjects (6 patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease) with reference breath-hold Cartesian acquisitions. Images, PDFF, andR 2 * $$ {\mathrm{R}}_2^{\ast } $$ maps were reconstructed using different radial view k-space sampling factors and reconstruction settings. Results were compared with reference-standard results using Bland-Altman analysis. Using linear mixed-effects model fitting (p < 0.05 considered significant), mean and SD were evaluated for biases and variations of PDFF andR 2 * $$ {\mathrm{R}}_2^{\ast } $$ , respectively, and coefficient of variation on the first echo image was evaluated as a surrogate for image quality. RESULTS Using the empirically determined optimal sampling factor of 0.25 in the accelerated in vivo protocols, mean differences and limits of agreement for the proposed method were [-0.5; -33.6, 32.7] s-1 forR 2 * $$ {\mathrm{R}}_2^{\ast } $$ and [-1.0%; -5.8%, 3.8%] for PDFF, close to those of a previous self-gating method using fully sampled radial views: [-0.1; -27.1, 27.0] s-1 forR 2 * $$ {\mathrm{R}}_2^{\ast } $$ and [-0.4%; -4.5%, 3.7%] for PDFF. The proposed method had significantly lower coefficient of variation than other methods (p < 0.001). Effective acquisition time of 64 s or 59 s was achieved, compared with 171 s or 153 s for two baseline protocols with different radial views corresponding to sampling factor of 1.0. CONCLUSION This proposed method may allow accelerated free-breathing liver PDFF andR 2 * $$ {\mathrm{R}}_2^{\ast } $$ mapping with reduced biases and variations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Zhong
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Physics and Biology in Medicine Interdepartmental Program, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Samueli School of Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Marcel D Nickel
- MR Application Predevelopment, Siemens Healthineers AG, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Brian M Dale
- MR R&D Collaborations, Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc, Cary, North Carolina, USA
| | - Fei Han
- MR R&D Collaborations, Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Chang Gao
- MR R&D Collaborations, Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Shu-Fu Shih
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Samueli School of Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Qing Dai
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Samueli School of Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Omar Curiel
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tsu-Chin Tsao
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Holden H Wu
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Physics and Biology in Medicine Interdepartmental Program, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Samueli School of Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Vibhas Deshpande
- MR R&D Collaborations, Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc, Austin, Texas, USA
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16
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Kim SE, Roberts JA, Kholmovski EG, Hitchcock Y, Anzai Y. T1 mapping for head and neck Cancer patients undergoing Chemoradiotherapy: Feasibility of 3D stack of star imaging. Magn Reson Imaging 2024:S0730-725X(24)00118-8. [PMID: 38604349 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2024.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Measuring tissue oxygen concentration is crucial in understanding the pathophysiological process of hypoxia in head and neck cancer (HNC) and its significant role in cancer biology. This study aimed to determine the feasibility of T1 mapping using a variable flip angle (VFA) technique with stack of stars (SOS) trajectory sampling in HNC patients undergoing chemoradiotherapy (CRT). METHODS To evaluate the ability of SOS acquisition to detect T1, a phantom study was conducted and compared to conventional Cartesian acquisition (CART). Additionally, four newly diagnosed patients were recruited and underwent two scans each at baseline and inter-treatment. The repeatability of SOS and CART acquisitions was assessed by comparing the T1 measurements of CSF from the baseline and intra-treatment MRI studies. The changes in ∆T1 of the tumors during air and oxygen inhalation between baseline and inter-treatment scans were also evaluated. RESULTS Our study found that the 3D VFA SOS sequence was effective in reducing motion artifacts compared to the conventional VFA sequence with CART sampling and the same scan time, as demonstrated by the results from the phantom and patient studies. In terms of repeatability, no significant correlation was observed between the variability in ΔT1 measurements of CSF obtained from SOS T1 maps. The SOS ΔT1 measurements showed higher consistency, as evidenced by the ICC values ranging from 0.52 to 0.92. The ∆T1 measurements on the primary tumors increased after the first CRT (p<0.05) for all patients who showed a positive treatment response, except for one patient (0.05 CONCLUSION The 3D VFA SOS sequence is a feasible and reliable method for T1 mapping in HNC patients undergoing CRT. The use of this technique could potentially aid in the assessment of treatment response and contribute to improving patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Eun Kim
- Utah Center for Advanced Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
| | - John A Roberts
- Utah Center for Advanced Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Eugene G Kholmovski
- Utah Center for Advanced Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ying Hitchcock
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Yoshimi Anzai
- Utah Center for Advanced Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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Wilken E, Havlas A, Masthoff M, Moussavi A, Boretius S, Faber C. Radial compressed sensing imaging improves the velocity detection limit of single cell tracking time-lapse MRI. Magn Reson Med 2024; 91:1449-1463. [PMID: 38044790 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Time-lapse MRI enables tracking of single iron-labeled cells. Yet, due to temporal blurring, only slowly moving cells can be resolved. To study faster cells for example during inflammatory processes, accelerated acquisition is needed. METHODS A rotating phantom system was developed to quantitatively measure the current maximum detectable speed of cells in time-lapse MRI. For accelerated cell tracking, an interleaved radial acquisition scheme was applied to phantom and murine brain in vivo time-lapse MRI experiments at 9.4 T. Detection of iron-labeled cells was evaluated in fully sampled and undersampled reconstructions with and without compressed sensing. RESULTS The rotating phantom system enabled ultra-slow rotation of phantoms and a velocity detection limit of full-brain Cartesian time-lapse MRI of up to 172 μm/min was determined. Both phantom and in vivo measurements showed that single cells can be followed dynamically using radial time-lapse MRI. Higher temporal resolution of undersampled reconstructions reduced geometric distortion, the velocity detection limit was increased to 1.1 mm/min in vitro, and previously hidden fast-moving cells were recovered. In the mouse brain after in vivo labeling, a total of 42 ± 4 cells were counted in fully sampled, but only 7 ± 1 in undersampled images due to streaking artifacts. Using compressed sensing 33 ± 4 cells were detected. CONCLUSION Interleaved radial time-lapse MRI permits retrospective reconstruction of both fully sampled and accelerated images, enables single cell tracking at higher temporal resolution and recovers cells hidden before due to blurring. The velocity detection limit as determined with the rotating phantom system increased two- to three-fold compared to previous results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrica Wilken
- Clinic of Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Asli Havlas
- Clinic of Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Max Masthoff
- Clinic of Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Amir Moussavi
- Functional Imaging Laboratory, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Susann Boretius
- Functional Imaging Laboratory, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Cornelius Faber
- Clinic of Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
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18
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Ishida M, Yerly J, Ito H, Takafuji M, Nakamori S, Takase S, Ichiba Y, Komori Y, Dohi K, Piccini D, Bastiaansen JA, Stuber M, Sakuma H. Optimal Protocol for Contrast-enhanced Free-running 5D Whole-heart Coronary MR Angiography at 3T. Magn Reson Med Sci 2024; 23:225-237. [PMID: 36682776 PMCID: PMC11024717 DOI: 10.2463/mrms.tn.2022-0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Free-running 5D whole-heart coronary MR angiography (MRA) is gaining in popularity because it reduces scanning complexity by removing the need for specific slice orientations, respiratory gating, or cardiac triggering. At 3T, a gradient echo (GRE) sequence is preferred in combination with contrast injection. However, neither the injection scheme of the gadolinium (Gd) contrast medium, the choice of the RF excitation angle, nor the dedicated image reconstruction parameters have been established for 3T GRE free-running 5D whole-heart coronary MRA. In this study, a Gd injection scheme, RF excitation angles of lipid-insensitive binominal off-resonance RF excitation (LIBRE) pulse for valid fat suppression and continuous data acquisition, and compressed-sensing reconstruction regularization parameters were optimized for contrast-enhanced free-running 5D whole-heart coronary MRA using a GRE sequence at 3T. Using this optimized protocol, contrast-enhanced free-running 5D whole-heart coronary MRA using a GRE sequence is feasible with good image quality at 3T.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Ishida
- Department of Radiology, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Jérôme Yerly
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Haruno Ito
- Department of Radiology, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | | | - Shiro Nakamori
- Department of Cardiology, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Shinichi Takase
- Department of Radiology, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | | | | | - Kaoru Dohi
- Department of Cardiology, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Davide Piccini
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Advanced Clinical Imaging Technology, Siemens Healthcare AG, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jessica A.M. Bastiaansen
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology (DIPR), Inselspital Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Stuber
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hajime Sakuma
- Department of Radiology, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Mie, Japan
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Shi C, Liang D, Wang H, Zhu Y. High efficiency free-breathing 3D thoracic aorta vessel wall imaging using self-gating image reconstruction. Magn Reson Imaging 2024; 107:80-87. [PMID: 38237694 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2024.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To improve the scan efficiency of thoracic aorta vessel wall imaging using a self-gating (SG)-based motion correction scheme. MATERIALS AND METHODS A slab-selective variable-flip-angle 3D turbo spin-echo (SPACE) sequence was modified to acquire SG signals and imaging data. Cartesian sampling with a tiny golden-step spiral profile ordering was used to obtain the imaging data during the systolic period, and then the image data were subsequently corrected based on the SG signals and binned to different respiratory cycles. Finally, respiratory artifacts were estimated from image-based registration of 3D undersampled respiratory bins that were reconstructed with L1 iterative self-consistent parallel imaging reconstruction (SPIRiT). This method was evaluated in 11 healthy volunteers and compared against conventional diaphragmatic navigator-gated acquisition to assess the feasibility of the proposed framework. RESULTS Results showed that the proposed method achieved image quality comparable to that of conventional diaphragmatic navigator-gated acquisition with an average scan time of 4 min. The sharpness of the vessel wall and the definition of the liver boundary were in good agreement with the navigator-gated acquisition, which took approximately above 8.5 min depend on the respiratory rate. Further valuation of this technique in patients will be conducted to determine its clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiyun Shi
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Dong Liang
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Centre for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; Medical AI Research Centre, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Haifeng Wang
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Centre for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanjie Zhu
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Centre for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
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Yiasemis G, Sánchez CI, Sonke JJ, Teuwen J. On retrospective k-space subsampling schemes for deep MRI reconstruction. Magn Reson Imaging 2024; 107:33-46. [PMID: 38184093 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2023.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Acquiring fully-sampled MRI k-space data is time-consuming, and collecting accelerated data can reduce the acquisition time. Employing 2D Cartesian-rectilinear subsampling schemes is a conventional approach for accelerated acquisitions; however, this often results in imprecise reconstructions, even with the use of Deep Learning (DL), especially at high acceleration factors. Non-rectilinear or non-Cartesian trajectories can be implemented in MRI scanners as alternative subsampling options. This work investigates the impact of the k-space subsampling scheme on the quality of reconstructed accelerated MRI measurements produced by trained DL models. The Recurrent Variational Network (RecurrentVarNet) was used as the DL-based MRI-reconstruction architecture. Cartesian, fully-sampled multi-coil k-space measurements from three datasets were retrospectively subsampled with different accelerations using eight distinct subsampling schemes: four Cartesian-rectilinear, two Cartesian non-rectilinear, and two non-Cartesian. Experiments were conducted in two frameworks: scheme-specific, where a distinct model was trained and evaluated for each dataset-subsampling scheme pair, and multi-scheme, where for each dataset a single model was trained on data randomly subsampled by any of the eight schemes and evaluated on data subsampled by all schemes. In both frameworks, RecurrentVarNets trained and evaluated on non-rectilinearly subsampled data demonstrated superior performance, particularly for high accelerations. In the multi-scheme setting, reconstruction performance on rectilinearly subsampled data improved when compared to the scheme-specific experiments. Our findings demonstrate the potential for using DL-based methods, trained on non-rectilinearly subsampled measurements, to optimize scan time and image quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Yiasemis
- AI for Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam 1066 CX, the Netherlands; University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam 1098 XH, the Netherlands.
| | - Clara I Sánchez
- University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam 1098 XH, the Netherlands
| | - Jan-Jakob Sonke
- AI for Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam 1066 CX, the Netherlands; University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam 1098 XH, the Netherlands
| | - Jonas Teuwen
- AI for Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam 1066 CX, the Netherlands; University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam 1098 XH, the Netherlands; Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Medical Imaging, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, Nijmegen 6525 GA, the Netherlands
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21
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Xiong F, Emrich T, Schoepf UJ, Jin N, Hall S, Ruddy JM, Giese D, Lautenschlager C, Emrich AL, Varga-Szemes A. Highly accelerated free-breathing real-time 2D flow imaging using compressed sensing and shared velocity encoding. Eur Radiol 2024; 34:1692-1703. [PMID: 37658887 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-023-10157-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES 2D real-time (RT) phase-contrast (PC) MRI is a promising alternative to conventional PC MRI, which overcomes problems due to irregular heartbeats or poor respiratory control. This study aims to evaluate a prototype compressed sensing (CS)-accelerated 2D RT-PC MRI technique with shared velocity encoding (SVE) for accurate beat-to-beat flow measurements. METHODS The CS RT-PC technique was implemented using a single-shot fast RF-spoiled gradient echo with SVE by symmetric velocity encoding, and acquired with a temporal resolution of 51-56.5 ms in 1-5 heartbeats. Both aortic dissection phantom (n = 8) and volunteer (n = 7) studies were conducted using the prototype CS RT (CS, R = 8), the conventional (GRAPPA, R = 2), and the fully sampled PC sequences on a 3T clinical system. Flow parameters including peak velocity, peak flow rate, net flow rate, and maximum velocity were calculated to compare the performance between different methods using linear regression, intraclass correlation (ICC), and Bland-Altman analyses. RESULTS Comparisons of the flow measurements at all locations in the phantoms demonstrated an excellent correlation (all R2 ≥ 0.93) and agreement (all ICC ≥ 0.97) with negligible means of differences. In healthy volunteers, a similarly good correlation (all R2 ≥ 0.80) and agreement (all ICC ≥ 0.90) were observed; however, CS RT slightly underestimated the maximum velocities and flow rates (~ 12%). CONCLUSION The highly accelerated CS RT-PC technique is feasible for the evaluation of flow patterns without requiring breath-holding, and it allows for rapid flow assessment in patients with arrhythmia or poor breath-hold capacity. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT The free-breathing real-time flow MRI technique offers improved spatial and temporal resolutions, as well as the ability to image individual cardiac cycles, resulting in superior image quality compared to the conventional PC technique when imaging patients with arrhythmias, especially those with atrial fibrillation. KEY POINTS • The highly accelerated prototype CS RT-PC MRI technique with improved temporal resolution by the concept of SVE is feasible for beat-to-beat flow evaluation without requiring breath-holding. • The results of the phantom and in vivo quantitative flow evaluation show the ability of the prototype CS RT-PC technique to obtain reliable flow measurements similarly to the conventional PC MRI. • With less than 12% underestimation, excellent agreements between the two techniques were shown for the measurements of peak velocities and flow rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xiong
- Siemens Medical Solutions USA Inc, Cardiovascular MR R&D, Chicago, IL, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Ashley River Tower, 25 Courtenay Drive, MSC 226, Charleston, SC, 29425-2260, USA
| | - Tilman Emrich
- Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Ashley River Tower, 25 Courtenay Drive, MSC 226, Charleston, SC, 29425-2260, USA
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - U Joseph Schoepf
- Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Ashley River Tower, 25 Courtenay Drive, MSC 226, Charleston, SC, 29425-2260, USA.
| | - Ning Jin
- Siemens Medical Solutions USA Inc, Cardiovascular MR R&D, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - SarahRose Hall
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Jean Marie Ruddy
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | | | - Carla Lautenschlager
- Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Ashley River Tower, 25 Courtenay Drive, MSC 226, Charleston, SC, 29425-2260, USA
| | - Anna Lena Emrich
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Akos Varga-Szemes
- Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Ashley River Tower, 25 Courtenay Drive, MSC 226, Charleston, SC, 29425-2260, USA
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22
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Lee Y, Yoon S, Park SH, Nickel MD. Advanced Abdominal MRI Techniques and Problem-Solving Strategies. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF RADIOLOGY 2024; 85:345-362. [PMID: 38617869 PMCID: PMC11009130 DOI: 10.3348/jksr.2023.0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
MRI plays an important role in abdominal imaging because of its ability to detect and characterize focal lesions. However, MRI examinations have several challenges, such as comparatively long scan times and motion management through breath-holding maneuvers. Techniques for reducing scan time with acceptable image quality, such as parallel imaging, compressed sensing, and cutting-edge deep learning techniques, have been developed to enable problem-solving strategies. Additionally, free-breathing techniques for dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging, such as extra-dimensional-volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination, golden-angle radial sparse parallel, and liver acceleration volume acquisition Star, can help patients with severe dyspnea or those under sedation to undergo abdominal MRI. We aimed to present various advanced abdominal MRI techniques for reducing the scan time while maintaining image quality and free-breathing techniques for dynamic imaging and illustrate cases using the techniques mentioned above. A review of these advanced techniques can assist in the appropriate interpretation of sequences.
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Spogis J, Katemann C, Zhang S, Esser M, Tsiflikas I, Schäfer J. Feasibility and Implementation of a 4D Free-Breathing Variable Density Stack-of-Stars Functional Magnetic Resonance Urography in Young Children Without Sedation. Invest Radiol 2024; 59:271-277. [PMID: 37707861 DOI: 10.1097/rli.0000000000001014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Functional magnetic resonance urography (MRU) is well established in the diagnostic workup of urinary tract anomalies in children, providing comprehensive morphological and functional information. However, dynamic contrast-enhanced images acquired in the standard Cartesian k-space manner are prone to motion artifacts. A newly introduced 4D high spatiotemporal resolution dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging based on variable density elliptical centric radial stack-of-stars sharing technique has shown improved image quality regarding motions under free breathing. OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were to implement this 4D free-breathing sequence for functional MRU and to compare its image quality and analyzability with standard breath-hold Cartesian MRU. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively evaluated all functional 4D MRU performed without general anesthesia between September 2021 and December 2022 and compared them with matched pairs (age, affected kidney, diagnosis) of standard Cartesian MRU between 2016 and 2022. Image analysis was performed by 2 radiologists independently regarding the following criteria using a 4-point Likert scale, with 4 being the best: overall image quality, diagnostic confidence, respiratory motion artifacts, as well as sharpness and contrast of aorta, kidneys, and ureters. We also measured vertical kidney motion due to respiratory motion and compared the variance for each kidney using F test. Finally, both radiologists calculated the volume, split renal volume (vDRF), split renal Patlak function (pDRF), and split renal function considering the volume and Patlak function (vpDRF) for each kidney. Values were compared using Bland-Altman plots and F test. RESULTS Forty children (20 for 4D free-breathing and standard breath-hold, respectively) were enrolled. Ten children of each group were examined using feed-and-sleep technique (median age: 4D, 3.3 months; standard, 4.2 months), 10 were awake (median age: 4D, 8.9 years; standard, 8.6 years). Overall image quality, diagnostic confidence, respiratory motion artifacts, as well as sharpness and contrast of the aorta, kidneys, and ureters were rated significantly better for 4D free-breathing compared with standard breath-hold by both readers ( P ranging from <0.0001 to 0.005). Vertical kidney motion was significantly reduced in 4D free-breathing for the right and the left kidney (both P < 0.001). There was a significantly smaller variance concerning the differences between the 2 readers for vpDRF in 4D MRU ( P = 0.0003). In contrast, no significant difference could be demonstrated for volume ( P = 0.05), vDRF ( P = 0.93), and pDRF ( P = 0.14). CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated the feasibility of applying a 4D free-breathing variable density stack-of-stars imaging for functional MRU in young pediatric patients with improved image quality, fewer motion artifacts, and improved functional analyzability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Spogis
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (J.S., M.E., I.T., J.S.); and Philips GmbH Market DACH, Hamburg, Germany (C.K., S.Z.)
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24
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Ramachandran A, Hussain H, Seiberlich N, Gulani V. Perfusion MR Imaging of Liver: Principles and Clinical Applications. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 2024; 32:151-160. [PMID: 38007277 DOI: 10.1016/j.mric.2023.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Perfusion imaging techniques provide quantitative characterization of tissue microvasculature. Perfusion MR of liver is particularly challenging because of dual afferent flow, need for large organ high-resolution coverage, and significant movement with respiration. The most common MR technique used for quantifying liver perfusion is dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging. Here, the authors describe the various perfusion MR models of the liver, the basic concepts behind implementing a perfusion acquisition, and clinical results that have been obtained using these models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupama Ramachandran
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, AnnArbor, MI, USA
| | - Hero Hussain
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, AnnArbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Vikas Gulani
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, AnnArbor, MI, USA.
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25
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Tian Y, Nayak KS. Real-time water/fat imaging at 0.55T with spiral out-in-out-in sampling. Magn Reson Med 2024; 91:649-659. [PMID: 37815020 PMCID: PMC10841523 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop an efficient and flexible water/fat separated real-time MRI (RT-MRI) method using spiral out-in-out-in (OIOI) sampling and balanced SSFP (bSSFP) at 0.55T. METHODS A bSSFP sequence with golden-angle spiral OIOI readout was developed, capturing three echoes to allow water/fat separation. A low-latency reconstruction that combines all echoes was available for online visualization. An offline reconstruction provided water and fat RT-MRI in two steps: (1) image reconstruction with spatiotemporally constrained reconstruction (STCR) and (2) water/fat separation with hierarchical iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least-squares estimation (HIDEAL). In healthy volunteers, spiral OIOI was acquired in the wrist during a radial-to-ulnar deviation maneuver, in the heart without breath-hold and cardiac gating, and in the lower abdomen during free-breathing for visualizing small bowel motility. RESULTS We demonstrate successful water/fat separated RT-MRI for all tested applications. In the wrist, resulting images provided clear depiction of ligament gaps and their interactions during the radial-to-ulnar deviation maneuver. In the heart, water/fat RT-MRI depicted epicardial fat, provided improved delineation of epicardial coronary arteries, and provided high blood-myocardial contrast for ventricular function assessment. In the abdomen, water-only RT-MRI captured small bowel mobility clearly with improved water-fat contrast. CONCLUSIONS We have demonstrated a novel and flexible bSSFP spiral OIOI sequence at 0.55T that can provide water/fat separated RT-MRI with a variety of application-specific temporal resolution and spatial resolution requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Tian
- Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Krishna S. Nayak
- Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Li X, Huang W, Holmes JH. Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced (DCE) MRI. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 2024; 32:47-61. [PMID: 38007282 DOI: 10.1016/j.mric.2023.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
The non-invasive dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) method provides valuable insights into tissue perfusion and vascularity. Primarily used in oncology, DCE-MRI is typically utilized to assess morphology and contrast agent (CA) kinetics in the tissue of interest. Interpretation of the temporal signatures of DCE-MRI data includes qualitative, semi-quantitative, and quantitative approaches. Recent advances in MRI technology allow simultaneous high spatial and temporal resolutions in DCE-MRI data acquisition on most vendor platforms, enabling the more desirable approach of quantitative data analysis using pharmacokinetic (PK) modeling. Many technical factors, including signal-to-noise ratio, temporal resolution, quantifications of arterial input function and native tissue T1, and PK model selection, need to be carefully considered when performing quantitative DCE-MRI. Standardization in data acquisition and analysis is especially important in multi-center studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Wei Huang
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - James H Holmes
- Radiology, Biomedical Engineering, and Holden Cancer Center, University of Iowa, 169 Newton Road, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
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27
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Pan J, Shao X, Liu H, Li Y, Wang Q. Image quality optimization: dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI of the abdomen at 3T using a continuously acquired radial golden-angle compressed sensing acquisition. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2024; 49:399-405. [PMID: 37792056 PMCID: PMC10830580 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-023-04035-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The image quality of continuously acquired free-breathing Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced (DCE) golden-angle radial Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of abdomen suffers from motion artifacts and motion-related blurring. We propose a scheme by minimizing patients' motion status from breathing as well as optimizing the acquiring parameters to improve image quality and diagnostic performance of DCE-MRI with Golden-Angle Radial Sparse Parallel (GRASP) sequence of abdomen. METHODS The optimization scheme follows two principles: (1) reduce the impact on images from unpredictable and irregulate motions during examination and (2) adjust the sequence parameters to increase the number of radial views in each partition. For the assessment of image quality, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), the severity of radial artifact, the degree of image sharpness, and a visual scoring of image quality with a 5-point scale were assessed. RESULTS A total of 64 patients were included in this study before (16 men, 14 women, age: 54.9 ± 17.0) and after (18 men, 16 women, age: 58.6 ± 12.6) the optimization scheme was performed. The results showed that the SNR values of right and left lobe of liver in both plain phase and arterial phase were significantly increased (All P < 0.001) after the GRASP sequence been optimized. Significant improvements in CNR values were observed in the arterial phase (All P < 0.05). The significant differences in scores at each phase for visual scoring of image quality, noise of the right and left lobe of liver, radial artifact, and sharpness indicating that the image quality was significantly improved after the optimization (All P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated that the optimized scheme significantly improved the image quality of liver DCE-MRI with GRASP sequence both in plain and arterial phases. The optimized scheme of GRASP sequence could be a superior alternative to conventional approach for the assessment of liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangyang Pan
- Department of Radiology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Xian Shao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Radiology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China.
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Radiology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China.
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China.
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Fan L, Hong K, Allen BD, Paul R, Carr JC, Zhang S, Passman R, Robinson JD, Lee DC, Rigsby CK, Kim D. Ultra-rapid, Free-breathing, Real-time Cardiac Cine MRI Using GRASP Amplified with View Sharing and KWIC Filtering. Radiol Cardiothorac Imaging 2024; 6:e230107. [PMID: 38358330 PMCID: PMC10912880 DOI: 10.1148/ryct.230107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Purpose To achieve ultra-high temporal resolution (approximately 20 msec) in free-breathing, real-time cardiac cine MRI using golden-angle radial sparse parallel (GRASP) reconstruction amplified with view sharing (VS) and k-space-weighted image contrast (KWIC) filtering. Materials and Methods Fourteen pediatric patients with congenital heart disease (mean age [SD], 9 years ± 2; 13 male) and 10 adult patients with arrhythmia (mean age, 62 years ± 8; nine male) who underwent both standard breath-hold cine and free-breathing real-time cine using GRASP were retrospectively identified. To achieve high temporal resolution, each time frame was reconstructed using six radial spokes, corresponding to acceleration factors ranging from 24 to 32. To compensate for loss in spatial resolution resulting from over-regularization in GRASP, VS and KWIC filtering were incorporated. The blur metric, visual image quality scores, and biventricular parameters were compared between clinical and real-time cine images. Results In pediatric patients, the incorporation of VS and KWIC into GRASP (ie, GRASP + VS + KWIC) produced significantly (P < .05) sharper x-y-t (blur metric: 0.36 ± 0.03, 0.41 ± 0.03, 0.48 ± 0.03, respectively) and x-y-f (blur metric: 0.28 ± 0.02, 0.31 ± 0.03, 0.37 ± 0.03, respectively) component images compared with GRASP + VS and conventional GRASP. Only the noise score differed significantly between GRASP + VS + KWIC and clinical cine; all visual scores were above the clinically acceptable (3.0) cutoff point. Biventricular volumetric parameters strongly correlated (R2 > 0.85) between clinical and real-time cine images reconstructed with GRASP + VS + KWIC and were in good agreement (relative error < 6% for all parameters). In adult patients, the visual scores of all categories were significantly lower (P < .05) for clinical cine compared with real-time cine with GRASP + VS + KWIC, except for noise (P = .08). Conclusion Incorporating VS and KWIC filtering into GRASP reconstruction enables ultra-high temporal resolution (approximately 20 msec) without significant loss in spatial resolution. Keywords: Cine, View Sharing, k-Space-weighted Image Contrast Filtering, Radial k-Space, Pediatrics, Arrhythmia, GRASP, Compressed Sensing, Real-Time, Free-Breathing Supplemental material is available for this article. © RSNA, 2024.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lexiaozi Fan
- From the Department of Radiology (L.F., K.P.H., B.D.A., R.P., J.C.C.,
S.Z., J.D.R., C.K.R., D.K.), Department of Preventive Medicine, Bluhm
Cardiovascular Institute (R.P.), Department of Pediatrics (J.D.R., C.K.R.), and
Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine (D.C.L.), Northwestern
University Feinberg School of Medicine, 737 N Michigan Ave, Ste 1600, Chicago,
IL 60611; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University,
Evanston, Ill (L.F., D.K.); and Division of Cardiology (J.D.R.) and Department
of Medical Imaging (C.K.R.), Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s
Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Ill
| | - KyungPyo Hong
- From the Department of Radiology (L.F., K.P.H., B.D.A., R.P., J.C.C.,
S.Z., J.D.R., C.K.R., D.K.), Department of Preventive Medicine, Bluhm
Cardiovascular Institute (R.P.), Department of Pediatrics (J.D.R., C.K.R.), and
Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine (D.C.L.), Northwestern
University Feinberg School of Medicine, 737 N Michigan Ave, Ste 1600, Chicago,
IL 60611; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University,
Evanston, Ill (L.F., D.K.); and Division of Cardiology (J.D.R.) and Department
of Medical Imaging (C.K.R.), Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s
Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Ill
| | - Bradley D. Allen
- From the Department of Radiology (L.F., K.P.H., B.D.A., R.P., J.C.C.,
S.Z., J.D.R., C.K.R., D.K.), Department of Preventive Medicine, Bluhm
Cardiovascular Institute (R.P.), Department of Pediatrics (J.D.R., C.K.R.), and
Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine (D.C.L.), Northwestern
University Feinberg School of Medicine, 737 N Michigan Ave, Ste 1600, Chicago,
IL 60611; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University,
Evanston, Ill (L.F., D.K.); and Division of Cardiology (J.D.R.) and Department
of Medical Imaging (C.K.R.), Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s
Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Ill
| | - Rupsa Paul
- From the Department of Radiology (L.F., K.P.H., B.D.A., R.P., J.C.C.,
S.Z., J.D.R., C.K.R., D.K.), Department of Preventive Medicine, Bluhm
Cardiovascular Institute (R.P.), Department of Pediatrics (J.D.R., C.K.R.), and
Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine (D.C.L.), Northwestern
University Feinberg School of Medicine, 737 N Michigan Ave, Ste 1600, Chicago,
IL 60611; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University,
Evanston, Ill (L.F., D.K.); and Division of Cardiology (J.D.R.) and Department
of Medical Imaging (C.K.R.), Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s
Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Ill
| | - James C. Carr
- From the Department of Radiology (L.F., K.P.H., B.D.A., R.P., J.C.C.,
S.Z., J.D.R., C.K.R., D.K.), Department of Preventive Medicine, Bluhm
Cardiovascular Institute (R.P.), Department of Pediatrics (J.D.R., C.K.R.), and
Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine (D.C.L.), Northwestern
University Feinberg School of Medicine, 737 N Michigan Ave, Ste 1600, Chicago,
IL 60611; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University,
Evanston, Ill (L.F., D.K.); and Division of Cardiology (J.D.R.) and Department
of Medical Imaging (C.K.R.), Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s
Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Ill
| | - Sarah Zhang
- From the Department of Radiology (L.F., K.P.H., B.D.A., R.P., J.C.C.,
S.Z., J.D.R., C.K.R., D.K.), Department of Preventive Medicine, Bluhm
Cardiovascular Institute (R.P.), Department of Pediatrics (J.D.R., C.K.R.), and
Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine (D.C.L.), Northwestern
University Feinberg School of Medicine, 737 N Michigan Ave, Ste 1600, Chicago,
IL 60611; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University,
Evanston, Ill (L.F., D.K.); and Division of Cardiology (J.D.R.) and Department
of Medical Imaging (C.K.R.), Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s
Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Ill
| | - Rod Passman
- From the Department of Radiology (L.F., K.P.H., B.D.A., R.P., J.C.C.,
S.Z., J.D.R., C.K.R., D.K.), Department of Preventive Medicine, Bluhm
Cardiovascular Institute (R.P.), Department of Pediatrics (J.D.R., C.K.R.), and
Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine (D.C.L.), Northwestern
University Feinberg School of Medicine, 737 N Michigan Ave, Ste 1600, Chicago,
IL 60611; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University,
Evanston, Ill (L.F., D.K.); and Division of Cardiology (J.D.R.) and Department
of Medical Imaging (C.K.R.), Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s
Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Ill
| | - Joshua D. Robinson
- From the Department of Radiology (L.F., K.P.H., B.D.A., R.P., J.C.C.,
S.Z., J.D.R., C.K.R., D.K.), Department of Preventive Medicine, Bluhm
Cardiovascular Institute (R.P.), Department of Pediatrics (J.D.R., C.K.R.), and
Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine (D.C.L.), Northwestern
University Feinberg School of Medicine, 737 N Michigan Ave, Ste 1600, Chicago,
IL 60611; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University,
Evanston, Ill (L.F., D.K.); and Division of Cardiology (J.D.R.) and Department
of Medical Imaging (C.K.R.), Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s
Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Ill
| | - Daniel C. Lee
- From the Department of Radiology (L.F., K.P.H., B.D.A., R.P., J.C.C.,
S.Z., J.D.R., C.K.R., D.K.), Department of Preventive Medicine, Bluhm
Cardiovascular Institute (R.P.), Department of Pediatrics (J.D.R., C.K.R.), and
Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine (D.C.L.), Northwestern
University Feinberg School of Medicine, 737 N Michigan Ave, Ste 1600, Chicago,
IL 60611; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University,
Evanston, Ill (L.F., D.K.); and Division of Cardiology (J.D.R.) and Department
of Medical Imaging (C.K.R.), Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s
Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Ill
| | - Cynthia K. Rigsby
- From the Department of Radiology (L.F., K.P.H., B.D.A., R.P., J.C.C.,
S.Z., J.D.R., C.K.R., D.K.), Department of Preventive Medicine, Bluhm
Cardiovascular Institute (R.P.), Department of Pediatrics (J.D.R., C.K.R.), and
Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine (D.C.L.), Northwestern
University Feinberg School of Medicine, 737 N Michigan Ave, Ste 1600, Chicago,
IL 60611; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University,
Evanston, Ill (L.F., D.K.); and Division of Cardiology (J.D.R.) and Department
of Medical Imaging (C.K.R.), Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s
Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Ill
| | - Daniel Kim
- From the Department of Radiology (L.F., K.P.H., B.D.A., R.P., J.C.C.,
S.Z., J.D.R., C.K.R., D.K.), Department of Preventive Medicine, Bluhm
Cardiovascular Institute (R.P.), Department of Pediatrics (J.D.R., C.K.R.), and
Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine (D.C.L.), Northwestern
University Feinberg School of Medicine, 737 N Michigan Ave, Ste 1600, Chicago,
IL 60611; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University,
Evanston, Ill (L.F., D.K.); and Division of Cardiology (J.D.R.) and Department
of Medical Imaging (C.K.R.), Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s
Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Ill
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Murray V, Siddiq S, Crane C, El Homsi M, Kim TH, Wu C, Otazo R. Movienet: Deep space-time-coil reconstruction network without k-space data consistency for fast motion-resolved 4D MRI. Magn Reson Med 2024; 91:600-614. [PMID: 37849064 PMCID: PMC10842259 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a novel deep learning approach for 4D-MRI reconstruction, named Movienet, which exploits space-time-coil correlations and motion preservation instead of k-space data consistency, to accelerate the acquisition of golden-angle radial data and enable subsecond reconstruction times in dynamic MRI. METHODS Movienet uses a U-net architecture with modified residual learning blocks that operate entirely in the image domain to remove aliasing artifacts and reconstruct an unaliased motion-resolved 4D image. Motion preservation is enforced by sorting the input image and reference for training in a linear motion order from expiration to inspiration. The input image was collected with a lower scan time than the reference XD-GRASP image used for training. Movienet is demonstrated for motion-resolved 4D MRI and motion-resistant 3D MRI of abdominal tumors on a therapeutic 1.5T MR-Linac (1.5-fold acquisition acceleration) and diagnostic 3T MRI scanners (2-fold and 2.25-fold acquisition acceleration for 4D and 3D, respectively). Image quality was evaluated quantitatively and qualitatively by expert clinical readers. RESULTS The reconstruction time of Movienet was 0.69 s (4 motion states) and 0.75 s (10 motion states), which is substantially lower than iterative XD-GRASP and unrolled reconstruction networks. Movienet enables faster acquisition than XD-GRASP with similar overall image quality and improved suppression of streaking artifacts. CONCLUSION Movienet accelerates data acquisition with respect to compressed sensing and reconstructs 4D images in less than 1 s, which would enable an efficient implementation of 4D MRI in a clinical setting for fast motion-resistant 3D anatomical imaging or motion-resolved 4D imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Murray
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Syed Siddiq
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Christopher Crane
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Maria El Homsi
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Tae-Hyung Kim
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Can Wu
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ricardo Otazo
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
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30
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Goolaub DS, Macgowan CK. Reducing clustering of readouts in non-Cartesian cine magnetic resonance imaging. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2024; 26:101003. [PMID: 38290615 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocmr.2024.101003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-Cartesian magnetic resonance imaging trajectories at golden angle increments have the advantage of allowing motion correction and gating using intermediate real-time reconstructions. However, when the acquired data are cardiac binned for cine imaging, trajectories can cluster together at certain heart rates (HR) causing image artifacts. Here, we demonstrate an approach to reduce clustering by inserting additional angular increments within the trajectory, and optimizing them while still allowing for intermediate reconstructions. METHODS Three acquisition models were simulated under constant and variable HR: golden angle (Mtrd), random additional angles (Mrnd), and optimized additional angles (Mopt). The standard deviations of trajectory angular differences (STAD) were compared through their interquartile ranges (IQR) and the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test (significance level: p = 0.05). Agreement between an image reconstructed with uniform sampling and images from Mtrd, Mrnd, and Mopt was analyzed using the structural similarity index measure (SSIM). Mtrd and Mopt were compared in three adults at high, low, and no HR variability. RESULTS STADs from Mtrd were significantly different (p < 0.05) from Mopt and Mrnd. STAD (IQR × 10-2 rad) showed that Mopt (0.5) and Mrnd (0.5) reduced clustering relative to Mtrd (1.9) at constant HR. For variable HR, Mopt (0.5) and Mrnd (0.5) outperformed Mtrd (0.9). The SSIM (IQR) showed that Mopt (0.011) produced the best image quality, followed by Mrnd (0.014), and Mtrd (0.030). Mopt outperformed Mtrd at reduced HR variability in in-vivo studies. At high HR variability, both models performed well. CONCLUSION This approach reduces clustering in k-space and improves image quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Datta Singh Goolaub
- Division of Translational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay St., Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada.
| | - Christopher K Macgowan
- Division of Translational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay St., Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 101 College St Suite 15-701, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
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31
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Rastogi A, Yalavarthy PK. Greybox: A hybrid algorithm for direct estimation of tracer kinetic parameters from undersampled DCE-MRI data. Med Phys 2024. [PMID: 38214325 DOI: 10.1002/mp.16935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A variety of deep learning-based and iterative approaches are available to predict Tracer Kinetic (TK) parameters from fully sampled or undersampled dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI data. However, both the methods offer distinct benefits and drawbacks. PURPOSE To propose a hybrid algorithm (named as 'Greybox'), using both model- as well as DL-based, for solving a multi-parametric non-linear inverse problem of directly estimating TK parameters from undersampled DCE MRI data, which is invariant to undersampling rate. METHODS The proposed algorithm was inspired by plug-and-play algorithms used for solving linear inverse imaging problems. This technique was tested for its effectiveness in solving the nonlinear ill-posed inverse problem of generating 3D TK parameter maps from four-dimensional (4D; Spatial + Temporal) retrospectively undersampled k-space data. The algorithm learns a deep learning-based prior using UNET to estimate theK trans $\mathbf {K_{trans}}$ andV p $\mathbf {V_{p}}$ parameters based on the Patlak pharmacokinetic model, and this trained prior was utilized to estimate the TK parameter maps using an iterative gradient-based optimization scheme. Unlike the existing DL models, this network is invariant to the undersampling rate of the input data. The proposed method was compared with the total variation-based direct reconstruction technique on brain, breast, and prostate DCE-MRI datasets for various undersampling rates using the Radial Golden Angle (RGA) scheme. For the breast dataset, an indirect estimation using the Fast Composite Splitting algorithm was utilized for comparison. Undersampling rates of 8× , 12× and 20× were used for the experiments, and the results were compared using the PSNR and SSIM as metrics. For the breast dataset of 10 patients, data from four patients were utilized for training (1032 samples), two for validation (752 samples), and the entire volume of four patients for testing. Similarly, for the prostate dataset of 18 patients, 10 patients were utilized for training (720 samples), five for validation (216 samples), and the whole volume of three patients for testing. For the brain dataset of nineteen patients, ten patients were used for training (3152 samples), five for validation (1168 samples), and the whole volume of four patients for testing. Statistical tests were also conducted to assess the significance of the improvement in performance. RESULTS The experiments showed that the proposed Greybox performs significantly better than other direct reconstruction methods. The proposed algorithm improved the estimatedK trans $\mathbf {K_{trans}}$ andV p $\mathbf {V_{p}}$ in terms of the peak signal-to-noise ratio by up to 3 dB compared to other standard reconstruction methods. CONCLUSION The proposed hybrid reconstruction algorithm, Greybox, can provide state-of-the-art performance in solving the nonlinear inverse problem of DCE-MRI. This is also the first of its kind to utilize convolutional neural network-based encodings as part of the plug-and-play priors to improve the performance of the reconstruction algorithm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Rastogi
- Department of Computational and Data Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
- University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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32
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Zhang K, Triphan SMF, Wielpütz MO, Ziener CH, Ladd ME, Schlemmer HP, Kauczor HU, Kurz FT, Sedlaczek O. Simultaneous T 1, T 2 and T 2⁎ mapping of the liver with multi-shot MI-SAGE. Magn Reson Imaging 2024; 105:75-81. [PMID: 37939972 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2023.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To apply multi-shot high-resolution multi inversion spin and gradient echo (MI-SAGE) acquisition for simultaneous liver T1, T2 and T2* mapping. METHODS Inversion prepared spin- and gradient-echo EPI was developed with ascending slice order across measurements for efficient acquisition with T1, T2, and T2⁎ weighting. Multi-shot EPI was also implemented to minimize distortion and blurring while enabling high in-plane resolution. A dictionary-matching approach was used to fit the images to quantitative parameter maps, which were compared to T1 measured by modified Look-Locker (MOLLI), T1 measured by variable flip angle (VFA), T2 measured by multiple echo time-based Half Fourier Single-shot Turbo spin-Echo (HASTE), T2 measured by radial turbo-spin-echo (rTSE) and T2⁎ measured by multiple gradient echo (MGRE) sequences. RESULTS The multi-shot variant of the sequence achieved higher in-plane resolution of 1.7 × 1.7 mm2 with good image quality in 28 s. Derived quantitative maps showed comparable values to conventional mapping methods. As measured in phantom and in vivo, MOLLI, MESE and MGRE give closest values to MISAGE. VFA, HASTE and rTSE show obvious overestimation. CONCLUSIONS The proposed multi-shot inversion prepared spin- and gradient-echo EPI sequence allows for high-resolution quantitative T1, T2 and T2 liver tissue characterization in a single breath-hold scan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zhang
- Department of Diagnostic & Interventional Radiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Translational Lung Research Center (TLRC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Diagnostic & Interventional Radiology with Nuclear Medicine, Thoraxklinik at Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Simon M F Triphan
- Department of Diagnostic & Interventional Radiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Translational Lung Research Center (TLRC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Diagnostic & Interventional Radiology with Nuclear Medicine, Thoraxklinik at Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mark O Wielpütz
- Department of Diagnostic & Interventional Radiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Translational Lung Research Center (TLRC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Diagnostic & Interventional Radiology with Nuclear Medicine, Thoraxklinik at Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian H Ziener
- Divison of Radiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mark E Ladd
- Divison of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Hans-Ulrich Kauczor
- Department of Diagnostic & Interventional Radiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Translational Lung Research Center (TLRC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Diagnostic & Interventional Radiology with Nuclear Medicine, Thoraxklinik at Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Felix T Kurz
- Divison of Radiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Oliver Sedlaczek
- Department of Diagnostic & Interventional Radiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Translational Lung Research Center (TLRC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Diagnostic & Interventional Radiology with Nuclear Medicine, Thoraxklinik at Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Divison of Radiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Mickevicius NJ. Magnetic resonance coherence pathway unraveling. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2024; 358:107613. [PMID: 38134509 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2023.107613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Efficiently acquiring multi-contrast magnetic resonance imaging data is crucial for patient comfort and clinical throughput. Developing scan acceleration methods tailored for specific applications drastically improves the value of an MRI examination. Here, we propose a novel method to control the aliasing of simultaneously acquired images of multiple spin echo coherence pathways with the goal of producing high quality multi-contrast images from a single acquisition. Modulating the radiofrequency phase of several pulses applied in brief succession also uniquely modulates the phase of spin echo coherence pathways. A method, termed magnetic resonance coherence pathway unraveling (MR-CPU), to control the aliasing of simultaneously acquired coherence pathway images is developed here along with parallel imaging-based reconstruction methods to separate them. MR-CPU was validated in phantom experiments and tested in vivo. High levels of correlation between reference pathway images and MR-CPU-derived coherence pathway images were found from the phantom experiments. Minimal artifacts arising from the separation of the overlapped coherence pathway images were observed in vivo. MR-CPU provides a novel mechanism through which to acquire and separate multiple overlapped coherence pathway images, thus adding to the diagnostic potential of an MRI exam without the penalty of additional scan time.
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Chen C, Liu Y, Simonetti OP, Tong M, Jin N, Bacher M, Speier P, Ahmad R. Cardiac and respiratory motion extraction for MRI using pilot tone-a patient study. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING 2024; 40:93-105. [PMID: 37874445 PMCID: PMC10842141 DOI: 10.1007/s10554-023-02966-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the accuracy and reliability of the cardiac and respiratory signals extracted from Pilot Tone (PT) in patients clinically referred for cardiovascular MRI. Twenty-three patients were scanned under free-breathing conditions using a balanced steady-state free-precession real-time (RT) cine sequence on a 1.5T scanner. The PT signal was generated by a built-in PT transmitter integrated within the body array coil, and retrospectively processed to extract respiratory and cardiac signals. For comparison, ECG and BioMatrix (BM) respiratory sensor signals were also synchronously recorded. To assess the performances of PT, ECG, and BM, cardiac and respiratory signals extracted from the RT cine images were used as the ground truth. The respiratory motion extracted from PT correlated positively with the image-derived respiratory signal in all cases and showed a stronger correlation (absolute coefficient: 0.95 ± 0.09) than BM (0.72 ± 0.24). For the cardiac signal, PT trigger jitter (standard deviation of PT trigger locations relative to ECG triggers) ranged from 6.6 to 83.3 ms, with a median of 21.8 ms. The mean absolute difference between the PT and corresponding ECG cardiac cycle duration was less than 5% of the average ECG RR interval for 21 out of 23 patients. We did not observe a significant linear dependence (p > 0.28) of PT delay and PT jitter on the patients' BMI or cardiac cycle duration. This study demonstrates the potential of PT to monitor both respiratory and cardiac motion in patients clinically referred for cardiovascular MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, US.
| | - Yingmin Liu
- Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, US
| | - Orlando P Simonetti
- Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, US
| | - Matthew Tong
- Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, US
| | - Ning Jin
- Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc, Columbus, US
| | | | | | - Rizwan Ahmad
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, US
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35
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Qu B, Zhang J, Kang T, Lin J, Lin M, She H, Wu Q, Wang M, Zheng G. Radial magnetic resonance image reconstruction with a deep unrolled projected fast iterative soft-thresholding network. Comput Biol Med 2024; 168:107707. [PMID: 38000244 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Radially sampling of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an effective way to accelerate the imaging. How to preserve the image details in reconstruction is always challenging. In this work, a deep unrolled neural network is designed to emulate the iterative sparse image reconstruction process of a projected fast soft-threshold algorithm (pFISTA). The proposed method, an unrolled pFISTA network for Deep Radial MRI (pFISTA-DR), include the preprocessing module to refine coil sensitivity maps and initial reconstructed image, the learnable convolution filters to extract image feature maps, and adaptive threshold to robustly remove image artifacts. Experimental results show that, among the compared methods, pFISTA-DR provides the best reconstruction and achieved the highest PSNR, the highest SSIM and the lowest reconstruction errors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Qu
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jialue Zhang
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, Department of Electronic Science, Xiamen University, China
| | - Taishan Kang
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jianzhong Lin
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Meijin Lin
- Department of Applied Marine Physics & Engineering, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Huajun She
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingxia Wu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Meiyun Wang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China; Laboratory of Brain Science and Brain-Like Intelligence Technology, Institute for Integrated Medical Science and Engineering, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Gaofeng Zheng
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
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Chen X, Wu J, Yang Y, Chen H, Zhou Y, Lin L, Wei Z, Xu J, Chen Z, Chen L. Boosting quantification accuracy of chemical exchange saturation transfer MRI with a spatial-spectral redundancy-based denoising method. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2024; 37:e5027. [PMID: 37644611 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.5027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) is a versatile technique that enables noninvasive detections of endogenous metabolites present in low concentrations in living tissue. However, CEST imaging suffers from an inherently low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) due to the decreased water signal caused by the transfer of saturated spins. This limitation challenges the accuracy and reliability of quantification in CEST imaging. In this study, a novel spatial-spectral denoising method, called BOOST (suBspace denoising with nOnlocal lOw-rank constraint and Spectral local-smooThness regularization), was proposed to enhance the SNR of CEST images and boost quantification accuracy. More precisely, our method initially decomposes the noisy CEST images into a low-dimensional subspace by leveraging the global spectral low-rank prior. Subsequently, a spatial nonlocal self-similarity prior is applied to the subspace-based images. Simultaneously, the spectral local-smoothness property of Z-spectra is incorporated by imposing a weighted spectral total variation constraint. The efficiency and robustness of BOOST were validated in various scenarios, including numerical simulations and preclinical and clinical conditions, spanning magnetic field strengths from 3.0 to 11.7 T. The results demonstrated that BOOST outperforms state-of-the-art algorithms in terms of noise elimination. As a cost-effective and widely available post-processing method, BOOST can be easily integrated into existing CEST protocols, consequently promoting accuracy and reliability in detecting subtle CEST effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinran Chen
- Department of Electronic Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, National Model Microelectronics College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Electronic Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, National Model Microelectronics College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yu Yang
- Department of Electronic Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, National Model Microelectronics College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Huan Chen
- Department of Electronic Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, National Model Microelectronics College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Magnetic Resonance and Multimodality Imaging of Guangdong Province, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Liangjie Lin
- Clinical & Technical Support, Philips Healthcare, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiliang Wei
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jiadi Xu
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Zhong Chen
- Department of Electronic Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, National Model Microelectronics College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Electronic Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, National Model Microelectronics College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Armstrong M, Wilken E, Freppon F, Masthoff M, Faber C, Xiao D. Dynamic cell tracking using time-lapse MRI with variable temporal resolution Cartesian sampling. Magn Reson Med 2023; 90:2443-2453. [PMID: 37466029 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Temporal resolution of time-lapse MRI to track individual iron-labeled cells is limited by the required data-acquisition time to fill k-space and to reach sufficient SNR. Although motion of slowly patrolling monocytes can be resolved, detection of fast-moving immune cells requires improved acquisition and reconstruction strategies. THEORY AND METHODS For accelerated MRI cell tracking, a Cartesian sampling scheme was designed, in which the fully sampled and undersampled k-space data for different acceleration factors were acquired simultaneously, and multiple undersampling ratios could be chosen retrospectively. Compressed-sensing reconstruction was applied using dictionary learning and low-rank constraints. Detection of iron-labeled monocytes was evaluated with simulations, rotating phantom experiments and in vivo mouse brain measurements at 9.4 T. RESULTS Fully sampled and 2.4-times and 4.8-times accelerated images were reconstructed and had sufficient contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) for single cells to be resolved and followed dynamically. The phantom experiments showed an improvement in CNR of 6.1% per μm/s in the 4.8-times undersampled images. Geometric distortion of cells caused by motion was visibly reduced in the accelerated images, which enabled detection of moving cells with velocities of up to 7.0 μm/s. In vivo, additional cells were resolved in the accelerated images due to the improved temporal resolution. CONCLUSION The easy-to-implement flexible Cartesian sampling scheme with compressed-sensing reconstruction permits simultaneous acquisition of both fully sampled and high temporal resolution images. The CNR of moving cells is effectively improved, enabling the recovery of high velocity cells with sufficient contrast at virtually no cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Armstrong
- Physics Department, University of Windsor, Windsor, Canada
| | - Enrica Wilken
- Clinic for Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Felix Freppon
- Clinic for Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Max Masthoff
- Clinic for Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Cornelius Faber
- Clinic for Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Dan Xiao
- Physics Department, University of Windsor, Windsor, Canada
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Wang Z, Feng X, Salerno M, Kramer CM, Meyer CH. Dynamic cardiac MRI with high spatiotemporal resolution using accelerated spiral-out and spiral-in/out bSSFP pulse sequences at 1.5 T. MAGMA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 36:857-867. [PMID: 37665502 PMCID: PMC10667461 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-023-01116-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop two spiral-based bSSFP pulse sequences combined with L + S reconstruction for accelerated ungated, free-breathing dynamic cardiac imaging at 1.5 T. MATERIALS AND METHODS Tiny golden angle rotated spiral-out and spiral-in/out bSSFP sequences combined with view-sharing (VS), compressed sensing (CS), and low-rank plus sparse (L + S) reconstruction were evaluated and compared via simulation and in vivo dynamic cardiac imaging studies. The proposed methods were then validated against the standard cine, in terms of quantitative image assessment and qualitative quality rating. RESULTS The L + S method yielded the least residual artifacts and the best image sharpness among the three methods. Both spiral cine techniques showed clinically diagnostic images (score > 3). Compared to standard cine, there were significant differences in global image quality and edge sharpness for spiral cine techniques, while there was significant difference in image contrast for the spiral-out cine but no significant difference for the spiral-in/out cine. There was good agreement in left ventricular ejection fraction for both the spiral-out cine (- 1.6 [Formula: see text] 3.1%) and spiral-in/out cine (- 1.5 [Formula: see text] 2.8%) against standard cine. DISCUSSION Compared to the time-consuming standard cine (~ 5 min) which requires ECG-gating and breath-holds, the proposed spiral bSSFP sequences achieved ungated, free-breathing cardiac movies at a similar spatial (1.5 × 1.5 × 8 mm3) and temporal resolution (36 ms) per slice for whole heart coverage (10-15 slices) within 45 s, suggesting the clinical potential for improved patient comfort or for imaging patients with arrhythmias or who cannot hold their breath.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixing Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Xue Feng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Michael Salerno
- School of Medicine, University Medical Line, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Christopher M Kramer
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Craig H Meyer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
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Wang L, Li T, Cai J, Chang HC. Motion-resolved four-dimensional abdominal diffusion-weighted imaging using PROPELLER EPI (4D-DW-PROPELLER-EPI). Magn Reson Med 2023; 90:2454-2471. [PMID: 37486854 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a distortion-free motion-resolved four-dimensional diffusion-weighted PROPELLER EPI (4D-DW-PROPELLER-EPI) technique for benefiting clinical abdominal radiotherapy (RT). METHODS An improved abdominal 4D-DWI technique based on 2D diffusion-weighted PROPELLER-EPI (2D-DW-PROPELLER-EPI), termed 4D-DW-PROPELLER-EPI, was proposed to improve the frame rate of repeated data acquisition and produce distortion-free 4D-DWI images. Since the radial or PROPELLER sampling with golden-angle rotation can achieve an efficient k-space coverage with a flexible time-resolved acquisition, the golden-angle multi-blade acquisition was used in the proposed 4D-DW-PROPELLER-EPI to improve the performance of data sorting. A new k-space and blade (K-B) amplitude binning method was developed for the proposed 4D-DW-PROPELLER-EPI to optimize the number of blades and the k-space uniformity before performing conventional PROPELLER-EPI reconstruction, by using two metrics to evaluate the adequacy of the acquired data. The proposed 4D-DW-PROPELLER-EPI was preliminarily evaluated in both simulation experiments and in vivo experiments with varying frame rates and different numbers of repeated acquisition. RESULTS The feasibility of achieving distortion-free 4D-DWI images by using the proposed 4D-DW-PROPELLER-EPI technique was demonstrated in both digital phantom and healthy subjects. Evaluation of the 4D completeness metrics shows that the K-B amplitude binning method could simultaneously improve the acquisition efficiency and data reconstruction performance for 4D-DW-PROPELLER-EPI. CONCLUSION 4D-DW-PROPELLER-EPI with K-B amplitude binning is an advanced technique that can provide distortion-free 4D-DWI images for resolving respiratory motion, and may benefit the application of image-guided abdominal RT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Tian Li
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Jing Cai
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Hing-Chiu Chang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Multi-Scale Medical Robotics Center, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Edelman RR, Leloudas N, Ankenbrandt WJ, Walker MT, Bobustuc GC, Bailes JE, Pruitt AA, Koktzoglou I. Dark Blood Contrast-Enhanced Brain MRI Using Echo-uT 1 RESS. J Magn Reson Imaging 2023. [PMID: 37950398 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.29124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The widely used magnetization-prepared rapid gradient-echo (MPRAGE) sequence makes enhancing lesions and blood vessels appear bright after gadolinium administration. However, dark blood imaging using T1-weighted Sampling Perfection with Application optimized Contrast using different flip angle Evolution (T1 SPACE) can be advantageous since it improves the conspicuity of small metastases and leptomeningeal disease. As a potential alternative to T1 SPACE, we evaluated a new dark blood sequence called echo-uT1 RESS (unbalanced T1 Relaxation-Enhanced Steady-State). PURPOSE We compared the performance of echo-uT1 RESS with Dixon fid-uT1 RESS, MPRAGE, and T1 SPACE. STUDY TYPE Retrospective, IRB approved. SUBJECTS/PHANTOM Phantom to assess flow properties of echo-uT1 RESS. Twenty-one patients (14 female, age range 35-82 years) with primary and secondary brain tumors. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCES 3 Tesla/MPRAGE, T1 SPACE, Dixon fid-uT1 RESS, echo-uT1 RESS. ASSESSMENT Flow phantom signal vs. velocity as a function of flip angle and sequence. Qualitative image assessment on 4-point scale. Quantitative evaluation of tumor-to-brain contrast, apparent contrast-to-noise ratio (aCNR), and vessel-to-brain aCNR. STATISTICAL TESTS Friedman and Mann-Whitney U tests. A P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS In the phantom, echo-uT1 RESS showed greater flow-dependent signal loss than fid-uT1 RESS. In patients, blood vessels appeared bright with MPRAGE, gray with fid-uT1 RESS, and dark with T1 SPACE and echo-uT1 RESS. For MPRAGE, Dixon fid-uT1 RESS, echo-uT1 RESS, and T1 SPACE, respective tumor-to-brain contrast values were 0.6 ± 0.3, 1.3 ± 0.5, 1.0 ± 0.4, and 0.6 ± 0.4, while normalized aCNR values were 68.9 ± 50.9, 128.4 ± 59.2, 74.2 ± 42.1, and 99.4 ± 73.9. DATA CONCLUSION Volumetric dark blood contrast-enhanced brain MRI is feasible using echo-uT1 RESS. The dark blood effect was improved vs. fid-uT1 RESS, while both uT1 RESS versions provided better tumor-to-brain contrast than MPRAGE. Whereas T1 SPACE provided better tumor aSNR, echo-uT1 RESS provided better Weber contrast, lesion sharpness and a more consistent dark blood effect. EVIDENCE LEVEL 3 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert R Edelman
- Radiology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
- Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Nondas Leloudas
- Radiology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Matthew T Walker
- Radiology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - George C Bobustuc
- Neurology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Julian E Bailes
- Neurosurgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Ioannis Koktzoglou
- Radiology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
- Radiology, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Menon RG, de Moura HL, Kijowski R, Regatte RR. Age and gender differences in lumbar intervertebral disk strain using mechanical loading magnetic resonance imaging. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2023; 36:e4999. [PMID: 37409683 PMCID: PMC10876068 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the current study was to investigate age- and gender-related differences in lumbar intervertebral disk (IVD) strain with the use of static mechanical loading and continuous three-dimensional (3D) golden-angle radial sparse parallel (GRASP) MRI. A continuous 3D-GRASP stack-of-stars trajectory of the lumbar spine was performed on a 3-T scanner with static mechanical loading. Compressed sensing reconstruction, motion deformation maps, and Lagrangian strain maps during loading and recovery in the X-, Y-, and Z-directions were calculated for segmented IVD segments from L1/L2 to L5/S1. Mean IVD height was measured at rest. Spearman coefficients were used to evaluate the associations between age and global IVD height and global IVD strain. Mann-Whitney tests were used to compare global IVD height and global IVD strain in males and females. The prospective study enrolled 20 healthy human volunteers (10 males, 10 females; age 34.6 ± 11.4 [mean ± SD], range 22-56 years). Significant increases in compressive strain were observed with age, as evidenced by negative correlations between age and global IVD strain during loading (ρ = -0.76, p = 0.0046) and recovery (ρ = -0.68, p = 0.0251) in the loading X-direction. There was no significant correlation between age and global IVD height, global IVD strain during loading and recovery in the Y-direction, and global IVD strain during loading and recovery in the Z-direction. There were no significant differences between males and females in global IVD height and global IVD strain during loading and recovery in the X-, Y-, and Z-directions. It was concluded that our study demonstrated the significant role aging plays in internal dynamic strains in the lumbar IVD during loading and recovery. Older healthy individuals have reduced IVD stiffness and greater IVD compression during static mechanical loading of the lumbar spine. The GRASP-MRI technique demonstrates the feasibility to identify changes in IVD mechanical properties with early IVD degeneration due to aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajiv G. Menon
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine
| | - Hector L. de Moura
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine
| | - Richard Kijowski
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine
| | - Ravinder R. Regatte
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine
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Chen S, Eldeniz C, Fraum TJ, Ludwig DR, Gan W, Liu J, Kamilov US, Yang D, Gach HM, An H. Respiratory motion management using a single rapid MRI scan for a 0.35 T MRI-Linac system. Med Phys 2023; 50:6163-6176. [PMID: 37184305 DOI: 10.1002/mp.16469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MRI has a rapidly growing role in radiation therapy (RT) for treatment planning, real-time image guidance, and beam gating (e.g., MRI-Linac). Free-breathing 4D-MRI is desirable in respiratory motion management for therapy. Moreover, high-quality 3D-MRIs without motion artifacts are needed to delineate lesions. Existing MRI methods require multiple scans with lengthy acquisition times or are limited by low spatial resolution, contrast, and signal-to-noise ratio. PURPOSE We developed a novel method to obtain motion-resolved 4D-MRIs and motion-integrated 3D-MRI reconstruction using a single rapid (35-45 s scan on a 0.35 T MRI-Linac. METHODS Golden-angle radial stack-of-stars MRI scans were acquired from a respiratory motion phantom and 12 healthy volunteers (n = 12) on a 0.35 T MRI-Linac. A self-navigated method was employed to detect respiratory motion using 2000 (acquisition time = 5-7 min) and the first 200 spokes (acquisition time = 35-45 s). Multi-coil non-uniform fast Fourier transform (MCNUFFT), compressed sensing (CS), and deep-learning Phase2Phase (P2P) methods were employed to reconstruct motion-resolved 4D-MRI using 2000 spokes (MCNUFFT2000) and 200 spokes (CS200 and P2P200). Deformable motion vector fields (MVFs) were computed from the 4D-MRIs and used to reconstruct motion-corrected 3D-MRIs with the MOtion Transformation Integrated forward-Fourier (MOTIF) method. Image quality was evaluated quantitatively using the structural similarity index measure (SSIM) and the root mean square error (RMSE), and qualitatively in a blinded radiological review. RESULTS Evaluation using the respiratory motion phantom experiment showed that the proposed method reversed the effects of motion blurring and restored edge sharpness. In the human study, P2P200 had smaller inaccuracy in MVFs estimation than CS200. P2P200 had significantly greater SSIMs (p < 0.0001) and smaller RMSEs (p < 0.001) than CS200 in motion-resolved 4D-MRI and motion-corrected 3D-MRI. The radiological review found that MOTIF 3D-MRIs using MCNUFFT2000 exhibited the highest image quality (scoring > 8 out of 10), followed by P2P200 (scoring > 5 out of 10), and then motion-uncorrected (scoring < 3 out of 10) in sharpness, contrast, and artifact-freeness. CONCLUSIONS We have successfully demonstrated a method for respiratory motion management for MRI-guided RT. The method integrated self-navigated respiratory motion detection, deep-learning P2P 4D-MRI reconstruction, and a motion integrated reconstruction (MOTIF) for 3D-MRI using a single rapid MRI scan (35-45 s) on a 0.35 T MRI-Linac system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihao Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Cihat Eldeniz
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Tyler J Fraum
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Daniel R Ludwig
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Weijie Gan
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Jiaming Liu
- Department of Electrical & Systems Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Ulugbek S Kamilov
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Electrical & Systems Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Deshan Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - H Michael Gach
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Hongyu An
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Electrical & Systems Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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Koori N, Kamekawa H, Higuchi M, Fuse H, Miyakawa S, Yasue K, Kurata K. Influence of half Fourier and elliptical scanning (radial scan) on magnetic resonance images. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2023; 355:107560. [PMID: 37748233 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2023.107560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of using slice partial Fourier (SPF), phase partial Fourier (PPF), and radial scan (Elliptical scanning) methods on image quality. Changes in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), effective slice thickness, and in-plane resolution were measured in 3D-gradient echo when SPF, PPF, and radial scan were used. Effective slice thickness increased and SNR increased when SPF was used; in-plane resolution decreased and SNR decreased when PPF was used; effective slice thickness did not change, in-plane resolution decreased, and SNR increased when the radial scan method was used. The radial scan method reduces image quality and imaging time compared to those in the SPF and PPF methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norikazu Koori
- School of Health Sciences, Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences, 4669-2 Ami, Ibaraki 300-03, Japan; Division of Health Sciences, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 5-11-80 Kodatsuno, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-0942, Japan.
| | - Hiroki Kamekawa
- Department of Radiology, Komaki City Hospital, 1-20 Jyoubushi, Komaki, Aichi 485-8520, Japan
| | - Maho Higuchi
- Department of Radiology, Komaki City Hospital, 1-20 Jyoubushi, Komaki, Aichi 485-8520, Japan
| | - Hiraku Fuse
- School of Health Sciences, Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences, 4669-2 Ami, Ibaraki 300-03, Japan.
| | - Shin Miyakawa
- School of Health Sciences, Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences, 4669-2 Ami, Ibaraki 300-03, Japan.
| | - Kenji Yasue
- School of Health Sciences, Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences, 4669-2 Ami, Ibaraki 300-03, Japan.
| | - Kazuma Kurata
- Department of Radiology, Komaki City Hospital, 1-20 Jyoubushi, Komaki, Aichi 485-8520, Japan
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Yu VY, Otazo R, Wu C, Subashi E, Baumann M, Koken P, Doneva M, Mazurkewitz P, Shasha D, Zelefsky M, Cervino L, Cohen O. Quantitative longitudinal mapping of radiation-treated prostate cancer using MR fingerprinting with radial acquisition and subspace reconstruction. Magn Reson Imaging 2023; 101:25-34. [PMID: 37015305 PMCID: PMC10623548 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2023.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
MR fingerprinting (MRF) enables fast multiparametric quantitative imaging with a single acquisition and has been shown to improve diagnosis of prostate cancer. However, most prostate MRF studies were performed with spiral acquisitions that are sensitive to B0 inhomogeneities and consequent blurring. In this work, a radial MRF acquisition with a novel subspace reconstruction technique was developed to enable fast T1/T2 mapping in the prostate in under 4 min. The subspace reconstruction exploits the extensive temporal correlations in the MRF dictionary to pre-compute a low dimensional space for the solution and thus reduce the number of radial spokes to accelerate the acquisition. Iterative reconstruction with the subspace model and additional regularization of the signal representation in the subspace is performed to minimize the number of spokes and maintain matching quality and SNR. Reconstruction accuracy was assessed using the ISMRM NIST phantom. In-vivo validation was performed on two healthy subjects and two prostate cancer patients undergoing radiation therapy. The longitudinal repeatability was quantified using the concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) in one of the healthy subjects by repeated scans over 1 year. One prostate cancer patient was scanned at three time points, before initiating therapy and following brachytherapy and external beam radiation. Changes in the T1/T2 maps obtained with the proposed method were quantified. The prostate, peripheral and transitional zones, and visible dominant lesion were delineated for each study, and the statistics and distribution of the quantitative mapping values were analyzed. Significant image quality improvements compared with standard reconstruction methods were obtained with the proposed subspace reconstruction method. A notable decrease in the spread of the T1/T2 values without biasing the estimated mean values was observed with the subspace reconstruction and agreed with reported literature values. The subspace reconstruction enabled visualization of small differences in T1/T2 values in the tumor region within the peripheral zone. Longitudinal imaging of a volunteer subject yielded CCC of 0.89 for MRF T1, and 0.81 for MRF T2 in the prostate gland. Longitudinal imaging of the prostate patient confirmed the feasibility of capturing radiation treatment related changes. This work is a proof-of-concept for a high resolution and fast quantitative mapping using golden-angle radial MRF combined with a subspace reconstruction technique for longitudinal treatment response assessment in subjects undergoing radiation treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Y Yu
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ricardo Otazo
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Can Wu
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ergys Subashi
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Peter Koken
- Philips Research, MR Research, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Daniel Shasha
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael Zelefsky
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laura Cervino
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ouri Cohen
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
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Bae J, Li C, Masurkar A, Ge Y, Kim SG. Improving measurement of blood-brain barrier permeability with reduced scan time using deep-learning-derived capillary input function. Neuroimage 2023; 278:120284. [PMID: 37507078 PMCID: PMC10475161 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE In Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI), Arterial Input Function (AIF) has been shown to be a significant contributor to uncertainty in the estimation of kinetic parameters. This study is to assess the feasibility of using a deep learning network to estimate local Capillary Input Function (CIF) to estimate blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, while reducing the required scan time. MATERIALS AND METHOD A total of 13 healthy subjects (younger (<40 y/o): 8, older (> 67 y/o): 5) were recruited and underwent 25-min DCE-MRI scans. The 25 min data were retrospectively truncated to 10 min to simulate a reduced scan time of 10 min. A deep learning network was trained to predict the CIF using simulated tissue contrast dynamics with two vascular transport models. The BBB permeability (PS) was measured using 3 methods: (i) Ca-25min, using DCE-MRI data of 25 min with individually sampled AIF (Ca); (ii) Ca-10min, using truncated 10min data with AIF (Ca); and (iii) Cp-10min, using truncated 10 min data with CIF (Cp). The PS estimates from the Ca-25min method were used as reference standard values to assess the accuracy of the Ca-10min and Cp-10min methods in estimating the PS values. RESULTS When compared to the reference method(Ca-25min), the Ca-10min and Cp-10min methods resulted in an overestimation of PS by 217 ± 241 % and 48.0 ± 30.2 %, respectively. The Bland Altman analysis showed that the mean difference from the reference was 8.85 ± 1.78 (x10-4 min-1) with the Ca-10min, while it was reduced to 1.63 ± 2.25 (x10-4 min-1) with the Cp-10min, resulting in an average reduction of 81%. The limits of agreement also reduced by up to 39.2% with the Cp-10min. We found a 75% increase of BBB permeability in the gray matter and a 35% increase in the white matter, when comparing the older group to the younger group. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated the feasibility of estimating the capillary-level input functions using a deep learning network. We also showed that this method can be used to estimate subtle age-related changes in BBB permeability with reduced scan time, without compromising accuracy. Moreover, the trained deep learning network can automatically select CIF, reducing the potential uncertainty resulting from manual user-intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonghyun Bae
- Vilcek Institute of Graduate Biomedical Science, New York University School of Medicine; Center for Biomedical Imaging, Radiology, New York University School of Medicine; Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research, Radiology, New York University School of Medicine; Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College.
| | - Chenyang Li
- Vilcek Institute of Graduate Biomedical Science, New York University School of Medicine; Center for Biomedical Imaging, Radiology, New York University School of Medicine; Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research, Radiology, New York University School of Medicine.
| | - Arjun Masurkar
- Center for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurology, New York University School of Medicine; Department of Neuroscience & Physiology, New York University School of Medicine; Neuroscience Institute, New York University School of Medicine.
| | - Yulin Ge
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, Radiology, New York University School of Medicine; Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research, Radiology, New York University School of Medicine.
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Hamilton JI, Truesdell W, Galizia M, Burris N, Agarwal P, Seiberlich N. A low-rank deep image prior reconstruction for free-breathing ungated spiral functional CMR at 0.55 T and 1.5 T. MAGMA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 36:451-464. [PMID: 37043121 PMCID: PMC11017470 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-023-01088-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study combines a deep image prior with low-rank subspace modeling to enable real-time (free-breathing and ungated) functional cardiac imaging on a commercial 0.55 T scanner. MATERIALS AND METHODS The proposed low-rank deep image prior (LR-DIP) uses two u-nets to generate spatial and temporal basis functions that are combined to yield dynamic images, with no need for additional training data. Simulations and scans in 13 healthy subjects were performed at 0.55 T and 1.5 T using a golden angle spiral bSSFP sequence with images reconstructed using [Formula: see text]-ESPIRiT, low-rank plus sparse (L + S) matrix completion, and LR-DIP. Cartesian breath-held ECG-gated cine images were acquired for reference at 1.5 T. Two cardiothoracic radiologists rated images on a 1-5 scale for various categories, and LV function measurements were compared. RESULTS LR-DIP yielded the lowest errors in simulations, especially at high acceleration factors (R [Formula: see text] 8). LR-DIP ejection fraction measurements agreed with 1.5 T reference values (mean bias - 0.3% at 0.55 T and - 0.2% at 1.5 T). Compared to reference images, LR-DIP images received similar ratings at 1.5 T (all categories above 3.9) and slightly lower at 0.55 T (above 3.4). CONCLUSION Feasibility of real-time functional cardiac imaging using a low-rank deep image prior reconstruction was demonstrated in healthy subjects on a commercial 0.55 T scanner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse I Hamilton
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, 1301 Catherine St, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1590, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - William Truesdell
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, 1301 Catherine St, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1590, USA
| | - Mauricio Galizia
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, 1301 Catherine St, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1590, USA
| | - Nicholas Burris
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, 1301 Catherine St, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1590, USA
| | - Prachi Agarwal
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, 1301 Catherine St, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1590, USA
| | - Nicole Seiberlich
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, 1301 Catherine St, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1590, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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47
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Curtis AD, Mertens AJ, Cheng HLM. A predictive signal model for dynamic cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10296. [PMID: 37357251 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37475-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Robust dynamic cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been a long-standing endeavor-as real-time imaging can provide information on the temporal signatures of disease we currently cannot assess-with the past decade seeing remarkable advances in acceleration using compressed sensing (CS) and artificial intelligence (AI). However, substantial limitations to real-time imaging remain and reconstruction quality is not always guaranteed. To improve reconstruction fidelity in dynamic cardiac MRI, we propose a novel predictive signal model that uses a priori statistics to adaptively predict temporal cardiac dynamics. By using a small training set obtained from the same patient, the new signal model can achieve robust dynamic cardiac MRI in the presence of irregular cardiac rhythm. Evaluation on simulated irregular cardiac dynamics and prospectively undersampled clinical cardiac MRI data demonstrate improved reconstruction quality for two reconstruction frameworks: Kalman filter and CS. The predictive model also works with different undersampling patterns (cartesian, radial, spiral) and can serve as a versatile foundation for robust dynamic cardiac MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron D Curtis
- The Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Translational Biology & Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto, Canada
| | - Alexander J Mertens
- The Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Translational Biology & Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto, Canada
| | - Hai-Ling Margaret Cheng
- The Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
- Translational Biology & Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto, Canada.
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 661 University Avenue, Room 1443, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1M1, Canada.
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48
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Zhang Y, Zu T, Liu R, Zhou J. Acquisition sequences and reconstruction methods for fast chemical exchange saturation transfer imaging. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2023; 36:e4699. [PMID: 35067987 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) imaging is an emerging molecular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique that has been developed and employed in numerous diseases. Based on the unique saturation transfer principle, a family of CEST-detectable biomolecules in vivo have been found capable of providing valuable diagnostic information. However, CEST MRI needs a relatively long scan time due to the common long saturation labeling module and typical acquisition of multiple frequency offsets and signal averages, limiting its widespread clinical applications. So far, a plethora of imaging schemes and techniques has been developed to accelerate CEST MRI. In this review, the key acquisition and reconstruction methods for fast CEST imaging are summarized from a practical and systematic point of view. The first acquisition sequence section describes the major development of saturation schemes, readout patterns, ultrafast z-spectroscopy, and saturation-editing techniques for rapid CEST imaging. The second reconstruction method section lists the important advances of parallel imaging, compressed sensing, sparsity in the z-spectrum, and algorithms beyond the Fourier transform for speeding up CEST MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tao Zu
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ruibin Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinyuan Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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49
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Qu B, Zhang Z, Chen Y, Qian C, Kang T, Lin J, Chen L, Wu Z, Wang J, Zheng G, Qu X. A convergence analysis for projected fast iterative soft-thresholding algorithm under radial sampling MRI. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2023; 351:107425. [PMID: 37060889 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2023.107425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Radial sampling is a fast magnetic resonance imaging technique. Further imaging acceleration can be achieved with undersampling but how to reconstruct a clear image with fast algorithm is still challenging. Previous work has shown the advantage of removing undersampling image artifacts using the tight-frame sparse reconstruction model. This model was further solved with a projected fast iterative soft-thresholding algorithm (pFISTA). However, the convergence of this algorithm under radial sampling has not been clearly set up. In this work, the authors derived a theoretical convergence condition for this algorithm. This condition was approximated by estimating the maximal eigenvalue of reconstruction operators through the power iteration. Based on the condition, an optimal step size was further suggested to allow the fastest convergence. Verifications were made on the prospective in vivo data of static brain imaging and dynamic contrast-enhanced liver imaging, demonstrating that the recommended parameter allowed fast convergence in radial MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Qu
- Department of Instrumental and Electrical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zuwen Zhang
- Department of Electronic Science, Biomedical Intelligent Cloud R&D Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yewei Chen
- Department of Electronic Science, Biomedical Intelligent Cloud R&D Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Chen Qian
- Department of Electronic Science, Biomedical Intelligent Cloud R&D Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Taishan Kang
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jianzhong Lin
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Lihua Chen
- Department of Radiology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | | | | | - Gaofeng Zheng
- Department of Instrumental and Electrical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
| | - Xiaobo Qu
- Department of Electronic Science, Biomedical Intelligent Cloud R&D Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
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50
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Eisenmenger LB, Peret A, Roberts GS, Spahic A, Tang C, Kuner AD, Grayev AM, Field AS, Rowley HA, Kennedy TA. Focused Abbreviated Survey MRI Protocols for Brain and Spine Imaging. Radiographics 2023; 43:e220147. [PMID: 37167089 PMCID: PMC10262597 DOI: 10.1148/rg.220147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
There has been extensive growth in both the technical development and the clinical applications of MRI, establishing this modality as one of the most powerful diagnostic imaging tools. However, long examination and image interpretation times still limit the application of MRI, especially in emergent clinical settings. Rapid and abbreviated MRI protocols have been developed as alternatives to standard MRI, with reduced imaging times, and in some cases limited numbers of sequences, to more efficiently answer specific clinical questions. A group of rapid MRI protocols used at the authors' institution, referred to as FAST (focused abbreviated survey techniques), are designed to include or exclude emergent or urgent conditions or screen for specific entities. These FAST protocols provide adequate diagnostic image quality with use of accelerated approaches to produce imaging studies faster than traditional methods. FAST protocols have become critical diagnostic screening tools at the authors' institution, allowing confident and efficient confirmation or exclusion of actionable findings. The techniques commonly used to reduce imaging times, the imaging protocols used at the authors' institution, and future directions in FAST imaging are reviewed to provide a practical and comprehensive overview of FAST MRI for practicing neuroradiologists. ©RSNA, 2023 Quiz questions for this article are available in the supplemental material.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Grant S. Roberts
- From the Departments of Radiology (L.B.E., A.P., A.D.K., A.M.G.,
A.S.F., H.A.R., T.A.K.) and Medical Physics (G.S.R., A.S., C.T.), University of
Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI
53792-3252
| | - Alma Spahic
- From the Departments of Radiology (L.B.E., A.P., A.D.K., A.M.G.,
A.S.F., H.A.R., T.A.K.) and Medical Physics (G.S.R., A.S., C.T.), University of
Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI
53792-3252
| | - Chenwei Tang
- From the Departments of Radiology (L.B.E., A.P., A.D.K., A.M.G.,
A.S.F., H.A.R., T.A.K.) and Medical Physics (G.S.R., A.S., C.T.), University of
Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI
53792-3252
| | - Anthony D. Kuner
- From the Departments of Radiology (L.B.E., A.P., A.D.K., A.M.G.,
A.S.F., H.A.R., T.A.K.) and Medical Physics (G.S.R., A.S., C.T.), University of
Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI
53792-3252
| | - Allison M. Grayev
- From the Departments of Radiology (L.B.E., A.P., A.D.K., A.M.G.,
A.S.F., H.A.R., T.A.K.) and Medical Physics (G.S.R., A.S., C.T.), University of
Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI
53792-3252
| | - Aaron S. Field
- From the Departments of Radiology (L.B.E., A.P., A.D.K., A.M.G.,
A.S.F., H.A.R., T.A.K.) and Medical Physics (G.S.R., A.S., C.T.), University of
Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI
53792-3252
| | - Howard A. Rowley
- From the Departments of Radiology (L.B.E., A.P., A.D.K., A.M.G.,
A.S.F., H.A.R., T.A.K.) and Medical Physics (G.S.R., A.S., C.T.), University of
Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI
53792-3252
| | - Tabassum A. Kennedy
- From the Departments of Radiology (L.B.E., A.P., A.D.K., A.M.G.,
A.S.F., H.A.R., T.A.K.) and Medical Physics (G.S.R., A.S., C.T.), University of
Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI
53792-3252
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