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Sanpinit S, Chokpaisarn J, Na-Phatthalung P, Sotthibandhu DS, Yincharoen K, Wetchakul P, Limsuwan S, Chusri S. Effectiveness of Ya-Samarn-Phlae in diabetic wound healing: Evidence from in vitro studies and a multicenter randomized controlled clinical trial. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 326:117929. [PMID: 38373661 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ya-Samarn-Phlae (YaSP) has traditionally been widely used in southern Thailand for treating chronic and infected wounds, including diabetic foot ulcers. However, there are only a limited number of clinical studies supporting the use of this polyherbal formulation. Therefore, the present work aims to provide clinical evidence to support the application of YaSP, prepared according to a standardized traditional procedure (T-YaSP). Additionally, its potential chemical markers and wound healing-related biological activities were examined. MATERIALS AND METHODS The in vitro wound healing-related biological activities of YaSP ethanol extract and T-YaSP, including antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis, inhibition and eradication of staphylococcal biofilm, anti-inflammatory effects, and enhancement of human dermal fibroblast migration in scratch wounds, were examined using well-established protocols. The chemical profiles of the ethanol extract of YaSP and T-YaSP were compared, and with promising chemical markers, arecoline, alpha-mangostin, and curcumin were selected and quantified using the HPLC method. A prospective, multicenter, randomized, controlled, parallel-group study was conducted over 12 weeks to evaluate the efficacy of the YaSP solution as an adjunct therapy, combined with standard wound care, for diabetic ulcers compared to standard treatment. RESULTS The YaSP extract reduces NO production and can scavenge NO radicals in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. Additionally, in a scratch assay, this extract and one of its herbal components, Curcuma longa, enhance the migration of human dermal fibroblasts. T-YaSP, containing 2.412 ± 0.002 mg/g of arecoline, 2.399 ± 0.005 mg/g of curcumin, and 0.017 ± 0.000 mg/g of α-mangostin, has shown the ability to inhibit the development and eradicate the mature biofilm of S. epidermidis. The use of T-YaSP as an adjunct therapy led to a significantly higher proportion of patients achieving healing within six weeks compared to the standard treatment group (36%/9 patients vs. 4%/1 patient; p = 0.013). After 12 weeks, 19 out of 25 patients in the T-YaSP group experienced complete healing, whereas only four patients in the standard treatment group achieved complete wound healing (76% in the T-YaSP group vs. 16% in the control group; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The results presented here represent the first randomized controlled trial to demonstrate the effectiveness of the traditional polyherbal solution, T-YaSP, which exhibits a wide range of wound healing-related activities. Utilizing T-YaSP as an adjunctive treatment resulted in a significant improvement in the number of type 2 diabetic patients achieving complete healing. However, to explore and utilize YaSP further, conducting a double-blind, randomized controlled trial with a larger population is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sineenart Sanpinit
- School of Medicine, Walailak University, Thasala, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - Julalak Chokpaisarn
- Faculty of Traditional Thai Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Pinanong Na-Phatthalung
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | | | - Kanyatorn Yincharoen
- Department of Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Srivijaya (RMUTSV), Thung Song, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80110, Thailand
| | - Palika Wetchakul
- School of Medicine, Walailak University, Thasala, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - Surasak Limsuwan
- Faculty of Traditional Thai Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Sasitorn Chusri
- School of Health Science and Biomedical Technology Research Group for Vulnerable Populations, MaeFah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand.
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Arpornchayanon W, Subhawa S, Jaijoy K, Lertprasertsuk N, Soonthornchareonnon N, Sireeratawong S. Safety of the Oral Triphala Recipe from Acute and Chronic Toxicity Tests in Sprague-Dawley Rats. TOXICS 2022; 10:514. [PMID: 36136479 PMCID: PMC9503284 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10090514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Indian Ayurvedic herbal formula Triphala (TPL) is known for its pharmacological properties for immunomodulation, anti-inflammation, antioxidant, and anti-cancer. This study aimed to investigate the acute and chronic toxicities of the Triphala recipe in a rat model. METHODS To assess the acute toxicities, 5000 mg/kg of TPL was orally administered to Sprague-Dawley rats. For chronic toxicities, different dose levels of TPL at 600, 1200, and 2400 mg/kg/day were given daily for 270 days. General health and behaviors and the body and organ weights of the rats were monitored. At the end of the experiment, blood samples were evaluated for hematology and biochemistry profiles. The evaluation of the internal organs' appurtenance and necropsy was performed to confirm the tissue histopathology. RESULTS The results showed that there was no sign of acute toxicity in the TPL group with a decrease in sex organ weights. No significant differences in the rats' behaviors, physical health, body, or organ weights were found between the controls and the rats receiving the 270/day of oral Triphala at 600, 1200, and 2400 mg/kg/day. However, some alterations in blood chemistries and hematology, including glucose, BUN, red blood cells, Hb, HCT, and MCV, were observed without abnormalities in histopathology. CONCLUSIONS It has been demonstrated that the long-term use of TPL in rat models is safe. No toxic effects were found, suggesting possible safety for long-term use in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Subhawat Subhawa
- Clinical Research Center for Food and Herbal Product Trials and Development (CR-FAH), Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Kanjana Jaijoy
- McCormick Faculty of Nursing, Payap University, Chiang Mai 50000, Thailand
| | - Nirush Lertprasertsuk
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | | | - Seewaboon Sireeratawong
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Clinical Research Center for Food and Herbal Product Trials and Development (CR-FAH), Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Preclinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
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Li X, Wu L, Wu R, Sun M, Fu K, Kuang T, Wang Z. Comparison of medicinal preparations of Ayurveda in India and five traditional medicines in China. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 284:114775. [PMID: 34742863 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ayurveda is the main traditional healthcare system in Indian medicine. Tibetan medicine (TM), Mongolian medicine (MM), Buddhist medicine (BM), Dai medicine (DM), and Uyghur medicine (UM) are main traditional medicines practiced in China. These are existing traditional medical systems that still play a role in disease prevention and treatment. AIM OF THE STUDY To reveal the similarities and differences of traditional medicinal preparations between Ayurveda in India and five traditional medicines in China to deepen medical exchanges and cooperation between the two countries and beyond. METHODS All preparations were extracted from statutory pharmacopoeias, ministry standards, and prescription textbooks from China and India. The information of each preparation, such as therapeutic uses, medicinal materials, and preparation forms, was recorded in Excel for statistical analysis and visual comparison. RESULTS A total of 645 Ayurvedic preparations, 458 TM preparations, 164 MM preparations, 616 BM preparations, 227 DM preparations, and 94 UM preparations were identified. Preparations of the six traditional medicines were mostly used for treating digestive, respiratory, and urogenital system diseases. The preparation forms of these six traditional medicines are mainly pills and powders. There are 38 shared-use medicinal materials in Ayurveda and TM preparations, 25 in Ayurveda and MM preparations, 30 in Ayurveda and BM preparations, 39 in Ayurveda and DM preparations, and 31 in Ayurveda and UM preparations. Finally, we selected one important shared-use preparation (Triphala) and 51 medicinal materials to research traditional use and modern pharmacology. CONCLUSIONS These preparations are used by different prescribers and users of medicinal materials in different medical systems with the similarities and differences. The similarities may reflect the historical exchanges of traditional medicines between the two countries. The differences showed that traditional medicines in China have absorbed some theories, diagnoses, and treatments from Ayurveda but also retained their own ethnic and regional characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Li
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Lei Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Ruixia Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Ming Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Ke Fu
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Tingting Kuang
- College of Ethnomedicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China; Research Institute of Traditional Indian Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Zhang Wang
- College of Ethnomedicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China; Research Institute of Traditional Indian Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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Karimzadeh Sureshjani A, Sadr Haghighi A, Sarvari R, Eslami H, Fakhri E, Nouri R. Antibacterial efficacy of the combination of triphala and chlorhexidine mouthwashes on salivary Streptococcus mutans of orthodontic patients: A randomized clinical trial. J Int Oral Health 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/jioh.jioh_64_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Phyllanthus emblica: A comprehensive review of its therapeutic benefits. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sajb.2020.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Multiple Targets Directed Multiple Ligands: An In Silico and In Vitro Approach to Evaluating the Effect of Triphala on Angiogenesis. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10020177. [PMID: 31979409 PMCID: PMC7072423 DOI: 10.3390/biom10020177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is critical in both physiological and pathological conditions and targeting angiogenesis is a promising strategy for the development of therapies against cancer; however, cells develop resistance to anti-angiogenic therapy, necessitating a more effective strategy. Natural medicines have been used in anti-cancer therapy for many years, but the mechanisms behind these have not generally been explored. Triphala churna (THL), an Indian ayurvedic herbal formulation made from the dried fruits of three medicinal plants, is used as a herbal drug for the treatment of various diseases, including cancer. THL contains over fifteen phytochemicals with different pharmacological effects, especially inhibition of tumor progression. In this study, we examined the effect of these compounds against different targets using docking and in vitro studies. Results showed that THL has a prediction efficacy of (−)436.7, and it inhibited angiogenesis by blocking multiple components of the VEGF/VEGFR2 signaling pathway. The anti-angiogenic effect was mediated by the combined effect of the two top ranked phytochemicals, punicalagin (−424.8) and chebulagic acid (−414.8). The new approach developed in this study to determine the potential efficacy of herbal formulation could be a useful strategy to assess the efficacy of different herbal formulations.
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Bopardikar M, Bhattacharya A, Rao Kakita VM, Rachineni K, Borde LC, Choudhary S, Koti Ainavarapu SR, Hosur RV. Triphala inhibits alpha-synuclein fibrillization and their interaction study by NMR provides insights into the self-association of the protein. RSC Adv 2019; 9:28470-28477. [PMID: 35529629 PMCID: PMC9071048 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra05551g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The process of assembly and accumulation of the intrinsically disordered protein (IDP), alpha-synuclein (αSyn) into amyloid fibrils is a pathogenic process leading to several neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease, multiple system atrophy and others. Although several molecules are known to inhibit αSyn fibrillization, the mechanism of inhibition is just beginning to emerge. Here, we report the inhibition of fibrillization of αSyn by Triphala, a herbal preparation in the traditional Indian medical system of Ayurveda. Triphala was found to be a rich source of polyphenols which are known to act as amyloid inhibitors. ThT fluorescence and TEM studies showed that Triphala inhibited the fibrillization of αSyn. However, it was observed that Triphala does not disaggregate preformed αSyn fibrils. Further, native-PAGE showed that Triphala reduces the propensity of αSyn to oligomerize during the lag phase of fibrillization. Our NMR results showed that certain stretches of residues in the N-terminal and NAC regions of αSyn play an anchor role in the self-association process of the protein, thereby providing mechanistic insights into the early events during αSyn fibrillization. Triphala inhibits αSyn self-association by interacting with anchoring regions which are responsible for αSyn oligomerization.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandar Bopardikar
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research
- Mumbai 400005
- India
| | - Anusri Bhattacharya
- UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences
- University of Mumbai
- Kalina Campus
- Mumbai 400098
- India
| | - Veera Mohana Rao Kakita
- UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences
- University of Mumbai
- Kalina Campus
- Mumbai 400098
- India
| | - Kavitha Rachineni
- UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences
- University of Mumbai
- Kalina Campus
- Mumbai 400098
- India
| | - Lalit C. Borde
- Department of Biological Sciences
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research
- Mumbai 400005
- India
| | - Sinjan Choudhary
- UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences
- University of Mumbai
- Kalina Campus
- Mumbai 400098
- India
| | | | - Ramakrishna V. Hosur
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research
- Mumbai 400005
- India
- UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences
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Triphala: current applications and new perspectives on the treatment of functional gastrointestinal disorders. Chin Med 2018; 13:39. [PMID: 30034512 PMCID: PMC6052535 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-018-0197-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ayurvedic medicine is based on natural healing methods that use herbal medicine to cleanse the body of toxins and to attain physical and mental regeneration. Triphala (TLP) is one of the most important ayurvedic supplements and is believed to have a beneficial effect on the entire gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Purpose We aim to summarize available literature focused on the components of TLP (Terminalia chebula, Terminalia bellerica and Phyllanthus emblica) and discusse their effectiveness and therapeutic value for improving lower GI symptoms in functional GI disorders, particularly irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Methods This study is based on pertinent papers that were retrieved by a selective search using relevant keywords in PubMed and ScienceDirect databases. Results The components of TLP are believed to cause restoration of the epithelium lining of the digestive tract, and by exhibiting mild laxative properties facilitate passage of stool in the colon. TLP is rich in polyphenols, vitamin C and flavonoids, which provide antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. It also contains various types of acids, such as gallic, chebulagic and chebulinic, which additionally possess cytoprotective and antifungal properties. Conclusion Triphala holds potential in improving lower GI symptoms and may be a valuable and effective addition to standard treatment of IBS. Supplementation of TLP herbal formulations alone or along with other probiotics can be recommended in ongoing clinical studies.
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Huang HZ, Zhao SY, Ke XM, Lin JZ, Huang SS, Xu RC, Ma HY, Zhang Y, Han L, Zhang DK. Study on the stability control strategy of Triphala solution based on the balance of physical stability and chemical stabilities. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 158:247-256. [PMID: 29890481 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Triphala is a well-known prescription in Indian Ayurveda and TCM medicine for its great effect on gingivitis and hyperlipidemia. However, its solution is unstable for the containing of excessive polyphenol, leading to the production of sediment in the short term and the decrease of efficacy. Based on the analysis of sediment formation, a novel control strategy is proposed. To conduct the analysis, the sediment formation was recorded for a consecutive five days. The changes in the composition of the supernatant and the sediment were studied by the HPLC profile analysis. The main components of the sediment were identified as corilagin, ellagic acid and gallic acid, and the amount of ellagic acid sediment increased with the storage time. Then, with a series of pH status adjustments of the Triphala solution, the physical and chemical stabilities were acquired by Turbiscan and HPLC respectively. The results showed that as the pH value increased, so did the physical stability, but the particle size and TSI of the association decreased. While the fingerprint of chemical profile similarity decreased, so did the chemical stability. Combining physical and chemical stability parameters, an equilibrium point was found out. When the pH value was adjusted to 5.0, both the physical and chemical stabilities were better: the verification test showed that the sedimentation inhibition rates on the 3rd, 5th,10th and15th days were 41%, 55%, 41%, and 23%, respectively. This manuscript provided a new control strategy that will pique pharmaceutical and food development engineers' interest and trigger research ideas controlling the quality of decoction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Zhou Huang
- Provincial and State Constructed Key Laboratory Breeding Base of System Research and Development of Chinese Herbal Medicine Resource, Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, 611137, PR China
| | - Sheng-Yu Zhao
- Provincial and State Constructed Key Laboratory Breeding Base of System Research and Development of Chinese Herbal Medicine Resource, Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, 611137, PR China
| | - Xiu-Mei Ke
- Basic Medical College of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, 332000, PR China
| | - Jun-Zhi Lin
- Teaching hospital of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, 610075, PR China
| | - Shu-Sen Huang
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, PR China
| | - Run-Chun Xu
- Provincial and State Constructed Key Laboratory Breeding Base of System Research and Development of Chinese Herbal Medicine Resource, Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, 611137, PR China
| | - Hong-Yan Ma
- Provincial and State Constructed Key Laboratory Breeding Base of System Research and Development of Chinese Herbal Medicine Resource, Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, 611137, PR China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Chengdu Institutes of Food and Drug Control, Chengdu, 610000, PR China
| | - Li Han
- Provincial and State Constructed Key Laboratory Breeding Base of System Research and Development of Chinese Herbal Medicine Resource, Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, 611137, PR China.
| | - Ding-Kun Zhang
- Provincial and State Constructed Key Laboratory Breeding Base of System Research and Development of Chinese Herbal Medicine Resource, Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, 611137, PR China.
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Dinakaran SK, Chelle S, Avasarala H. Profiling and determination of phenolic compounds in poly herbal formulations and their comparative evaluation. J Tradit Complement Med 2018; 9:319-327. [PMID: 31453128 PMCID: PMC6702236 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, plants have been considered as powerful agents for treatment of disorders regarding to their traditional use. Plants have a special role in the treatment of various diseases in Ayurveda (Indian Traditional Medicine). Diabetes with their devastating outcomes has been discussed in Ayurveda as well. In the present study, a marketed polyherbal products (DBC & DMV), retrieved from Ayurveda, was purchased from market and its pharmacognostic standardization were performed. Quality control test for the Ayurveda tablets were performed as per Indian Pharmacopoeia. In addition to the dissolution studies for the poly herbal Ayurveda marketed formulations were assessed based on the phenolic content. Fingerprinting of phytochemical constituents of DBC & DMV was performed using spectroscopical (like IR and UV) and chromatographic techniques like HPTLC and TLC. The results showed that DBC & DMV was successfully passed quality control tests. Moreover, DBC & DMV exhibited different pharmacognostic behavior of all herbs present in the product. In addition, TLC, IR and HPTLC fingerprinting of DBC & DMV demonstrated the presence of several phenolic constituents corresponding to the poly herbs. Regarding to the role of phenolic compounds in diabetic process, DBC & DMV could be an appropriate candidate for diabetic with respect to its traditional use in Ayurveda formulation. Moreover, HPTLC fingerprinting could be utilized as an applicable method for quality control of the prepared formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathis Kumar Dinakaran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Aditya Pharmacy College, Surampalem -533437, Andhra Pradesh, India
- Corresponding author.
| | - Shalaka Chelle
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Aditya Pharmacy College, Surampalem -533437, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Harani Avasarala
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam -530003, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Dinakaran SK, Sujiya B, Avasarala H. Profiling and determination of phenolic compounds in Indian marketed hepatoprotective polyherbal formulations and their comparative evaluation. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2017; 9:3-12. [PMID: 29198414 PMCID: PMC5884013 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2016.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 12/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nowadays, plants have been considered as powerful agents for treatment of disorders due to their traditional use. Plants have a special role in the treatment of various diseases in Ayurveda. Liver disorders with their devastating outcomes have been discussed in Ayurveda as well. Objectives In the present study, polyherbal products (L52 and L38) were retrieved from Ayurveda and its pharmacognostic standardization was performed. Materials and methods Quality control test for the Ayurveda tablets were performed as per Indian Pharmacopoeia. Dissolution studies of polyherbal Ayurveda marketed formulations were assessed based on the phenolic content. Fingerprinting of phytochemical constituents of L52 and L38 was performed using spectroscopical (like IR and UV) and chromatographic techniques like HPLC, HPTLC and TLC. Results The results showed that L52 and L38 successfully passed quality control tests. Moreover, L52 and L38 exhibited different pharmacognostic behavior of all herbs present in the product. In addition, TLC, IR, HPTLC and HPLC fingerprinting of L52 and L38 demonstrated the presence of several phenolic constituents corresponding to the polyherbs. Conclusion Regarding the role of phenolic compounds in the treatment of hepatitis, L52 and L38 could be appropriate candidates for hepatitis with respect to their traditional use in Ayurveda formulation. Moreover, HPTLC and HPLC fingerprinting could be utilized as an applicable method for quality control of the prepared formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathis Kumar Dinakaran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis & Quality Assurance, Aditya Pharmacy College, Surampalem, 533437, Andhra Pradesh, India.
| | - Balla Sujiya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis & Quality Assurance, Aditya Pharmacy College, Surampalem, 533437, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Harani Avasarala
- University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Kalaiselvan S, Rasool MK. Triphala herbal extract suppresses inflammatory responses in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages and adjuvant-induced arthritic rats via inhibition of NF-κB pathway. J Immunotoxicol 2016; 13:509-25. [DOI: 10.3109/1547691x.2015.1136010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sowmiya Kalaiselvan
- Immunopathology Lab, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, India
| | - Mahaboob Khan Rasool
- Immunopathology Lab, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, India
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Protective Effects of Triphala on Dermal Fibroblasts and Human Keratinocytes. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0145921. [PMID: 26731545 PMCID: PMC4711708 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Human skin is body’s vital organ constantly exposed to abiotic oxidative stress. This can have deleterious effects on skin such as darkening, skin damage, and aging. Plant-derived products having skin-protective effects are well-known traditionally. Triphala, a formulation of three fruit products, is one of the most important rasayana drugs used in Ayurveda. Several skin care products based on Triphala are available that claim its protective effects on facial skin. However, the skin protective effects of Triphala extract (TE) and its mechanistic action on skin cells have not been elucidated in vitro. Gallic acid, ellagic acid, and chebulinic acid were deduced by LC-MS as the major constituents of TE. The identified key compounds were docked with skin-related proteins to predict their binding affinity. The IC50 values for TE on human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) and human keratinocytes (HaCaT) were 204.90 ± 7.6 and 239.13 ± 4.3 μg/mL respectively. The antioxidant capacity of TE was 481.33 ± 1.5 mM Trolox equivalents in HaCaT cells. Triphala extract inhibited hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced RBC haemolysis (IC50 64.95 μg/mL), nitric oxide production by 48.62 ± 2.2%, and showed high reducing power activity. TE also rescued HDF from H2O2-induced damage; inhibited H2O2 induced cellular senescence and protected HDF from DNA damage. TE increased collagen-I, involucrin and filaggrin synthesis by 70.72 ± 2.3%, 67.61 ± 2.1% and 51.91 ± 3.5% in HDF or HaCaT cells respectively. TE also exhibited anti-tyrosinase and melanin inhibition properties in a dose-dependent manner. TE increased the mRNA expression of collagen-I, elastin, superoxide dismutase (SOD-2), aquaporin-3 (AQP-3), filaggrin, involucrin, transglutaminase in HDF or HaCaT cells, and decreased the mRNA levels of tyrosinase in B16F10 cells. Thus, Triphala exhibits protective benefits on skin cells in vitro and can be used as a potential ingredient in skin care formulations.
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Patel K, Tyagi C, Goyal S, Jamal S, Wahi D, Jain R, Bharadvaja N, Grover A. Identification of chebulinic acid as potent natural inhibitor of M. tuberculosis DNA gyrase and molecular insights into its binding mode of action. Comput Biol Chem 2015; 59 Pt A:37-47. [PMID: 26410242 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2015.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Revised: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Drug resistant tuberculosis has threatened all the advances that have been made in TB control at the global stage in the last few decades. DNA gyrase enzymes are an excellent target for antibacterial drug discovery as they are involved in essential functions like DNA replication. Here we report, a successful application of high throughput virtual screening (HTVS) to identify an inhibitor of Mycobacterium DNA gyrase targeting the wild type and the most prevalent three double mutants of quinolone resistant DNA gyrase namely A90V+D94G, A74S+D94G and A90V+S91P. HTVS of 179.299 compounds gave five compounds with significant binding affinity. Extra presicion (XP) docking and MD simulations gave a clear view of their interaction pattern. Among them, chebulinic acid (CA), a phytocompound obtained from Terminalia chebula was the most potent inhibitor with significantly high XP docking score, -14.63, -16.46, -15.94 and -15.11 against wild type and three variants respectively. Simulation studies for a period of 16 ns indicated stable DNA gyrA-CA complex formation. This stable binding would result in inhibition of the enzyme by two mechanisms. Firstly, binding of CA causes displacement of catalytic Tyr129 away from its target DNA-phosphate molecule from 1.6 Å to 3.8-7.3 Å and secondly, by causing steric hindrance to the binding of DNA strand at DNA binding site of enzyme. The combined effect would result in loss of cleavage and religation activity of enzyme leading to bactericidal effect on tuberculosis. This phytocompound displays desirable quality for carrying forward as a lead compound for anti-tuberculosis drug development. The results presented here are solely based on computations and need to be validated experimentally in order to assert the proposed mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunal Patel
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Delhi 110042, India
| | - Chetna Tyagi
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali University, Tonk, Rajasthan 304022, India
| | - Sukriti Goyal
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali University, Tonk, Rajasthan 304022, India
| | - Salma Jamal
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali University, Tonk, Rajasthan 304022, India
| | - Divya Wahi
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Ritu Jain
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Navneeta Bharadvaja
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Delhi 110042, India
| | - Abhinav Grover
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India.
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Chandra P, Pandey R, Srivastva M, Kumar B. Quality control assessment of polyherbal formulation based on a quantitative determination multimarker approach by ultra high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry using polarity switching combined with multivariate analysis. J Sep Sci 2015; 38:3183-3191. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201500458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Revised: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Chandra
- Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility; CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute; Lucknow Uttar Pradesh India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR); New Delhi India
| | - Renu Pandey
- Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility; CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute; Lucknow Uttar Pradesh India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR); New Delhi India
| | - Mukesh Srivastva
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR); New Delhi India
- Biometry and Statistics Division; CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute; Lucknow Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Brijesh Kumar
- Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility; CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute; Lucknow Uttar Pradesh India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR); New Delhi India
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16
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Triphala Extract Suppresses Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis in Human Colon Cancer Stem Cells via Suppressing c-Myc/Cyclin D1 and Elevation of Bax/Bcl-2 Ratio. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:649263. [PMID: 26167492 PMCID: PMC4488090 DOI: 10.1155/2015/649263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Revised: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Colon cancer is the second leading cause of cancer related deaths in the USA. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have the ability to drive continued expansion of the population of malignant cells. Therefore, strategies that target CSCs could be effective against colon cancer and in reducing the risk of relapse and metastasis. In this study, we evaluated the antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects of triphala, a widely used formulation in Indian traditional medicine, on HCT116 colon cancer cells and human colon cancer stem cells (HCCSCs). The total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, and phytochemical composition (LC-MS-MS) of methanol extract of triphala (MET) were also measured. We observed that MET contains a variety of phenolics including naringin, quercetin, homoorientin, and isorhamnetin. MET suppressed proliferation independent of p53 status in HCT116 and in HCCSCs. MET also induced p53-independent apoptosis in HCCSCs as indicated by elevated levels of cleaved PARP. Western blotting data suggested that MET suppressed protein levels of c-Myc and cyclin D1, key proteins involved in proliferation, and induced apoptosis through elevation of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. Furthermore, MET inhibited HCCSCs colony formation, a measure of CSCs self-renewal ability. Anticancer effects of triphala observed in our study warrant future studies to determine its efficacy in vivo.
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Lu K, Basu S. The natural compound chebulagic acid inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor A mediated regulation of endothelial cell functions. Sci Rep 2015; 5:9642. [PMID: 25859636 PMCID: PMC4819393 DOI: 10.1038/srep09642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) plays an important role in tumour angiogenesis and its angiogenic action is mainly mediated through its VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR-2). Therefore drugs targeting VEGFA/VEGFR-2 are being presently used in the clinics for treatment of several types of solid malignant tumours. We here in report that low dose of chebulagic acid (CA), a hydrolysable tannin found in myrobalan fruits can inhibit VEGFA induced vascular permeability, endothelial cell proliferation, migration, tube formation and thereby, angiogenesis by suppressing VEGFR-2 phosphorylation. CA may thus be an effective and useful natural inhibitor of VEGFA mediated angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Lu
- Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States of America
| | - Sujit Basu
- 1] Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States of America [2] Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States of America
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18
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Dhanani T, Shah S, Kumar S. A validated high-performance liquid chromatography method for determination of tannin-related marker constituents gallic acid, corilagin, chebulagic acid, ellagic acid and chebulinic Acid in four Terminalia species from India. J Chromatogr Sci 2014; 53:625-32. [PMID: 25190275 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmu096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A validated rapid HPLC-PDA method was developed for identification and quantification of five tannin-related constituents gallic acid (GA), corilagin (CL), chebulagic acid (CB), ellagic acid (EA) and chebulinic acid (CN) in the extracts prepared from the bark and fruits of four Terminalia species available in India. The separation of the five analytes was achieved on an RP-18 column (4.6 × 250 mm, 5 µm) at 25°C using a solvent mixture comprising of acetonitrile and (0.05%) trifluoroacetic acid-water in a gradient elution mode. Limit of detection was 1.0, 0.5, 1.0, 0.5 and 1.0 μg/mL for GA, CL, CB, EA and CN, respectively. Similarly, limit of quantification was 2.5, 1.0, 2.5, 1.0 and 2.5 μg/mL for GA, CL, CB, EA and CN, respectively. Good linearity (r(2) > 0.992) was observed for all the five compounds in wide concentration range. Using the developed HPLC method, the five analytes were identified and quantified in bark and fruit extracts of Terminalia chebula, Terminalia bellirica, Terminalia arjuna and Terminalia catappa. This is the first report of identification and quantification of the five tannin-related marker constituents in the bark and fruit extracts of T. chebula, T. bellirica, T. arjuna and T. catappa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tushar Dhanani
- Directorate of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research (Indian Council of Agricultural Research), Boriavi, Anand, Gujarat 378310, India
| | - Sonal Shah
- Directorate of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research (Indian Council of Agricultural Research), Boriavi, Anand, Gujarat 378310, India
| | - Satyanshu Kumar
- Directorate of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research (Indian Council of Agricultural Research), Boriavi, Anand, Gujarat 378310, India
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19
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Singh D, Singh D, Choi SM, Zo SM, Painuli RM, Kwon SW, Han SS. Effect of Extracts of Terminalia chebula on Proliferation of Keratinocytes and Fibroblasts Cells: An Alternative Approach for Wound Healing. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2014; 2014:701656. [PMID: 24719644 PMCID: PMC3955618 DOI: 10.1155/2014/701656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Revised: 01/11/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Terminalia chebula is one of the traditional medicines used in the treatment of many diseases. In the present work, different concentrations of various organic and aqueous extracts (solvent-free) of T. chebula were tested on fibroblast (L929) and keratinocytes cells to evaluate its biocompatible concentration by using MTT and live-dead viability/cytotoxic assay. These extracts were found to be effective in decreasing the ammonia accumulation in the media, thereby reducing its toxic effect on cells. DPPH assay further confirmed the free-radical scavenging ability of the extracts which increased with the increase in concentration of each extract. Cell proliferation/apoptosis, cytoskeletal structure, and ECM production were further evaluated by live-dead assay and phalloidin/cytokeratin staining, respectively. The cytoskeletal structure and ECM secretion of the cells treated with extracts showed higher cellular activity in comparison to control. In conclusion, we have demonstrated the effect of these extracts of T. chebula on both types of skin cells and optimized concentration in which it could be used as a bioactive component for wound healing applications by increasing cell proliferation and decreasing free-radical production without affecting the normal cellular matrix. It can also find applications in other therapeutics applications where ammonia toxicity is a limiting factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dolly Singh
- Department of Nano, Medical & Polymer Materials, College of Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsangbuk-do 712749, Republic of Korea
- YU-ECI Medical Research Center, Yeungnam University, Gyeonsanbuk-do 712749, Republic of Korea
| | - Deepti Singh
- Department of Nano, Medical & Polymer Materials, College of Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsangbuk-do 712749, Republic of Korea
- YU-ECI Medical Research Center, Yeungnam University, Gyeonsanbuk-do 712749, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Mo Choi
- Department of Nano, Medical & Polymer Materials, College of Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsangbuk-do 712749, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Mi Zo
- Department of Nano, Medical & Polymer Materials, College of Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsangbuk-do 712749, Republic of Korea
| | - Rakesh Mohan Painuli
- H.N.B. Garhwal University (A Central University), Garhwal, Srinagar, Pauri, Uttarakhand 246001, India
| | - Sung Won Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Soo Han
- Department of Nano, Medical & Polymer Materials, College of Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsangbuk-do 712749, Republic of Korea
- YU-ECI Medical Research Center, Yeungnam University, Gyeonsanbuk-do 712749, Republic of Korea
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20
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Singh M, Kamal YT, Tamboli ET, Parveen R, Siddiqui KM, Zaidi SMA, Ahmad S. SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF GALLIC ACID, ELLAGIC ACID, AND ASCORBIC ACID IN EMBLICA OFFICINALIS AND IN UNANI POLYHERBAL FORMULATIONS BY VALIDATED HPLC METHOD. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2011.636468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mhaveer Singh
- a Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Hamdard University , New Delhi , India
| | - Y. T. Kamal
- a Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Hamdard University , New Delhi , India
| | - E. T. Tamboli
- a Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Hamdard University , New Delhi , India
| | - Rabea Parveen
- b Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy , Hamdard University , New Delhi , India
| | | | - S. M. A. Zaidi
- d Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine (Unani) , Hamdard University , New Delhi , India
| | - Sayeed Ahmad
- a Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Hamdard University , New Delhi , India
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21
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Mehmood MH, Rehman A, Rehman N, Gilani A. Studies on Prokinetic, Laxative and Spasmodic Activities of
Phyllanthus emblica
in Experimental Animals. Phytother Res 2012; 27:1054-60. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.4821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2012] [Revised: 07/19/2012] [Accepted: 07/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Malik Hassan Mehmood
- Natural Product Research Division, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences The Aga Khan University Medical College Karachi 74800 Pakistan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy University of Karachi‐75270 Pakistan
| | - Abdul Rehman
- Natural Product Research Division, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences The Aga Khan University Medical College Karachi 74800 Pakistan
| | - Najeeb‐ur Rehman
- Natural Product Research Division, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences The Aga Khan University Medical College Karachi 74800 Pakistan
| | - Anwarul‐Hassan Gilani
- Natural Product Research Division, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences The Aga Khan University Medical College Karachi 74800 Pakistan
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22
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Lu K, Chakroborty D, Sarkar C, Lu T, Xie Z, Liu Z, Basu S. Triphala and its active constituent chebulinic acid are natural inhibitors of vascular endothelial growth factor-a mediated angiogenesis. PLoS One 2012; 7:e43934. [PMID: 22937129 PMCID: PMC3427174 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2012] [Accepted: 07/27/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Triphala churna (THL) is a combination of three fruits that has been used for many years in India for the treatment of various diseases. There are now reports which indicate that THL can inhibit growth of malignant tumors in animals. However, the mechanisms by which THL mediates its anti-tumor actions are still being explored. Because vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF) induced angiogenesis plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of cancer, we therefore investigated whether tumor inhibitory effects of THL or its active constituents are through suppression of VEGF actions. We herein report that THL and chebulinic (CI) present in THL can significantly and specifically inhibit VEGF induced angiogenesis by suppressing VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) phosphorylation. These results are of clinical significance as these inexpensive and non-toxic natural products can be used for the prevention and treatment of diseases where VEGF induced angiogenesis has an important role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Lu
- Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Debanjan Chakroborty
- Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Chandrani Sarkar
- Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Tingting Lu
- Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Zhiliang Xie
- Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Zhongfa Liu
- Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Sujit Basu
- Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Dorthy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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23
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Mahajan A, Sawant L, Pandita N, Machale V, Pai N. HPTLC densitometric quantification of hydrolyzable tannins fromTriphala churna. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2012. [DOI: 10.1556/jpc.25.2012.1.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Pawar V, Lahorkar P, Anantha Narayana DB. Development of a RP-HPLC Method for Analysis of Triphala Curna and its Applicability to Test Variations in Triphala Curna Preparations. Indian J Pharm Sci 2011; 71:382-6. [PMID: 20502543 PMCID: PMC2865809 DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.57286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2009] [Revised: 07/09/2009] [Accepted: 07/10/2009] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A sensitive, rapid, reverse phase HPLC method is reported for analysis of Triphala Curna using gallic acid, chebulagic acid and chebulinic acid as markers. Validation data for the method has been provided. Unlike methods of recovery testing adopted for synthetic chemicals, a modified approach has been presented here for a formulation like Triphala Curna having three myrobalans in its composition. Data has been provided to demonstrate applicability of the method developed to assess the variation in the Triphala Curna preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Pawar
- Unilever Research India, 64 Main Road, Whitefield, Bangalore-560 066, India
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25
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Ghoreishi SM, Behpour M, Khayatkashani M, Motaghedifard MH. Simultaneous determination of ellagic and in Punica granatum, Myrtus communis and Itriphal formulation by an electrochemical sensor based on a paste electrode modified with multi-walled carbon nanotubes. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2011; 3:636-645. [PMID: 32938084 DOI: 10.1039/c0ay00691b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
An electrochemical method for the determination of ellagic acid (EA) and gallic acid (GA) was successfully applied to extracts of Punica granatum, Myrtus communis, and to Itriphal, a herbal formulation. The voltammetric determination of EA and GA was conducted with a novel sensor based on a modified carbon paste electrode with multi-walled carbon nanotubes. The electrochemical behavior of EA and GA at the modified sensor was characterized by cyclic voltammetry, chronocoulometry, linear sweep voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry and rotating disk electrode voltammetry. Electrochemical parameters such as the diffusion coefficient (D), electron transfer coefficient (α), electron transfer rate constant (k) and ionic exchange current density (Io) were determined for EA and GA oxidation. The detection limit of GA was 0.2 μM and for EA was 0.21 nM over the 180 s accumulation time of the open circuit potential, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayed Mehdi Ghoreishi
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, I.R. Iran.
| | - Mohsen Behpour
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, I.R. Iran.
| | - Maryam Khayatkashani
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, I.R. Iran.
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Nampoothiri S, Binil Raj S, Ranjith A, Prathapan A, Sundaresan A. Isolation and densitometric HPTLC method for quantification of belleric acid in the fruit pericarp ofTerminalia bellericaand its formulations. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2011. [DOI: 10.1556/jpc.24.2011.1.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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27
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Niranjan A, Barthwal J, Lehri A, Singh DP, Govindrajan R, Rawat AKS, Amla DV. Development and validation of an HPLC-UV-MS-MS method for identification and quantification of polyphenols inArtemisia pallensL. ACTA CHROMATOGR 2009. [DOI: 10.1556/achrom.21.2009.1.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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28
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Shi Y, Sahu RP, Srivastava SK. Triphala inhibits both in vitro and in vivo xenograft growth of pancreatic tumor cells by inducing apoptosis. BMC Cancer 2008; 8:294. [PMID: 18847491 PMCID: PMC2576337 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-8-294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2008] [Accepted: 10/10/2008] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triphala is commonly used in Ayurvedic medicine to treat variety of diseases; however its mechanism of action remains unexplored. This study elucidates the molecular mechanism of Triphala against human pancreatic cancer in the cellular and in vivo model. METHODS Growth-inhibitory effects of Triphala were evaluated in Capan-2, BxPC-3 and HPDE-6 cells by Sulphoradamine-B assay. Apoptosis was determined by cell death assay and western blotting. Triphala was administered orally to nude mice implanted with Capan-2 xenograft. Tumors were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and western blotting. RESULTS Exposure of Capan-2 cells to the aqueous extract of Triphala for 24 h resulted in the significant decrease in the survival of cells in a dose-dependent manner with an IC50 of about 50 microg/ml. Triphala-mediated reduced cell survival correlated with induction of apoptosis, which was associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Triphala-induced apoptosis was linked with phosphorylation of p53 at Ser-15 and ERK at Thr-202/Tyr-204 in Capan-2 cells. Above mentioned effects were significantly blocked when the cells were pretreated with an antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC), suggesting the involvement of ROS generation. Pretreatment of cells with pifithrin-alpha or U0126, specific inhibitors of p53 or MEK-1/2, significantly attenuated Triphala-induced apoptosis. Moreover, NAC or U0126 pretreatment significantly attenuated Triphala-induced p53 transcriptional activity. Similarly, Triphala induced apoptosis in another pancreatic cancer cell line BxPC-3 by activating ERK. On the other hand, Triphala failed to induce apoptosis or activate ERK or p53 in normal human pancreatic ductal epithelial (HPDE-6) cells. Further, oral administration of 50 mg/kg or 100 mg/kg Triphala in PBS, 5 days/week significantly suppressed the growth of Capan-2 pancreatic tumor-xenograft. Reduced tumor-growth in Triphala fed mice was due to increased apoptosis in the tumors cells, which was associated with increased activation of p53 and ERK. CONCLUSION Our preclinical studies demonstrate that Triphala is effective in inhibiting the growth of human pancreatic cancer cells in both cellular and in vivo model. Our data also suggests that the growth inhibitory effects of Triphala is mediated by the activation of ERK and p53 and shows potential for the treatment and/or prevention of human pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Shi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Cancer Biology Center, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, School of Pharmacy, Amarillo, Texas, USA.
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29
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Govindarajan R, Singh DP, Rawat AKS. Validated RP–LC Method for Standardization of Ashokarishta: A Polyherbal Formulation. Chromatographia 2008. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-008-0764-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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