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Song X, Zhang Y, Tang Z, Du L. Advantages of nanocarriers for basic research in the field of traumatic brain injury. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:237-245. [PMID: 37488872 PMCID: PMC10503611 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.379041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
A major challenge for the efficient treatment of traumatic brain injury is the need for therapeutic molecules to cross the blood-brain barrier to enter and accumulate in brain tissue. To overcome this problem, researchers have begun to focus on nanocarriers and other brain-targeting drug delivery systems. In this review, we summarize the epidemiology, basic pathophysiology, current clinical treatment, the establishment of models, and the evaluation indicators that are commonly used for traumatic brain injury. We also report the current status of traumatic brain injury when treated with nanocarriers such as liposomes and vesicles. Nanocarriers can overcome a variety of key biological barriers, improve drug bioavailability, increase intracellular penetration and retention time, achieve drug enrichment, control drug release, and achieve brain-targeting drug delivery. However, the application of nanocarriers remains in the basic research stage and has yet to be fully translated to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingshuang Song
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yizhi Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ziyan Tang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lina Du
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
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2
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Halbi G, Fayer I, Aranovich D, Gat S, Pavan MJ, Nachmias D, Sanchez DS, Brik A, Granek R, Bernheim-Groswasser A. Smart design of universally decorated nanoparticles for drug delivery applications driven by active transport. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. E, SOFT MATTER 2023; 46:74. [PMID: 37653248 DOI: 10.1140/epje/s10189-023-00331-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Targeting the cell nucleus remains a challenge for drug delivery. Here, we present a universal platform for the smart design of nanoparticle (NP) decoration that is based on: (i) a spacer polymer, commonly biotin-polyethylene-glycol-thiol, whose grafting density and molecular weight can be tuned for optimized performance, and (ii) protein binding peptides, such as cell penetrating peptides (CPPs), cancer-targeting peptides, or nuclear localization signal (NLS) peptides, that are linked to the PEG free-end by universal chemistry. We manifested our platform with two different bromo-acetamide (Br-Ac) modified NLSs. We used cell extract-based and live cell assays to demonstrate the recruitment of dynein motor proteins, which drive the NP active transport toward the nucleus, and the enhancement of cellular and nuclear entry, manifesting the properties of NLS as a CPP. Our control of the NP decoration scheme, and the modularity of our platform, carry great advantages for nano-carrier design for drug delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gal Halbi
- The Department of Chemical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Itay Fayer
- The Stella and Avram Goren-Goldstein Department of Biotechnology Engineering Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Dina Aranovich
- The Department of Chemical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Shachar Gat
- The Department of Chemical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Mariela J Pavan
- The Ilse Katz Institute for Meso and Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Dikla Nachmias
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Daniel Sevilla Sanchez
- The Ilse Katz Institute for Meso and Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Ashraf Brik
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 3200008, Haifa, Israel
| | - Rony Granek
- The Stella and Avram Goren-Goldstein Department of Biotechnology Engineering Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
- The Ilse Katz Institute for Meso and Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Anne Bernheim-Groswasser
- The Department of Chemical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel.
- The Ilse Katz Institute for Meso and Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel.
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3
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Todaro B, Ottalagana E, Luin S, Santi M. Targeting Peptides: The New Generation of Targeted Drug Delivery Systems. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1648. [PMID: 37376097 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Peptides can act as targeting molecules, analogously to oligonucleotide aptamers and antibodies. They are particularly efficient in terms of production and stability in physiological environments; in recent years, they have been increasingly studied as targeting agents for several diseases, from tumors to central nervous system disorders, also thanks to the ability of some of them to cross the blood-brain barrier. In this review, we will describe the techniques employed for their experimental and in silico design, as well as their possible applications. We will also discuss advancements in their formulation and chemical modifications that make them even more stable and effective. Finally, we will discuss how their use could effectively help to overcome various physiological problems and improve existing treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biagio Todaro
- NEST Laboratory, Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Elisa Ottalagana
- NEST Laboratory, Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza, Via Ferruccio Giovannini 13, San Giuliano Terme, 56017 Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefano Luin
- NEST Laboratory, Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Melissa Santi
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
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4
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Arnau Del Valle C, Hirsch T, Marin M. Recent Advances in Near Infrared Upconverting Nanomaterials for Targeted Photodynamic Therapy of Cancer. Methods Appl Fluoresc 2022; 10. [PMID: 35447614 DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/ac6937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a well-established treatment of cancer that uses the toxic reactive oxygen species, including singlet oxygen (1O2), generated by photosensitiser drugs following irradiation of a specific wavelength to destroy the cancerous cells and tumours. Visible light is commonly used as the excitation source in PDT, which is not ideal for cancer treatment due to its reduced tissue penetration, and thus inefficiency to treat deep-lying tumours. Additionally, these wavelengths exhibit elevated autofluorescence background from the biological tissues which hinders optical biomedical imaging. An alternative to UV-Vis irradiation is the use of near infrared (NIR) excitation for PDT. This can be achieved using upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) functionalised with photosensitiser (PS) drugs where UCNPs can be used as an indirect excitation source for the activation of PS drugs yielding to the production of singlet 1O2 following NIR excitation. The use of nanoparticles for PDT is also beneficial due to their tumour targeting capability, either passively via the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect or actively via stimuli-responsive targeting and ligand-mediated targeting (ie. using recognition units that can bind specific receptors only present or overexpressed on tumour cells). Here, we review recent advances in NIR upconverting nanomaterials for PDT of cancer with a clear distinction between those reported nanoparticles that could potentially target the tumour due to accumulation via the EPR effect (passive targeting) and nanoparticle-based systems that contain targeting agents with the aim of actively target the tumour via a molecular recognition process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Arnau Del Valle
- University of East Anglia, School of Chemistry, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND
| | - Thomas Hirsch
- University of Regensburg, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, Regensburg, 93040, GERMANY
| | - Maria Marin
- University of East Anglia, School of Chemistry, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND
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5
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Chowdhury P, Ghosh U, Samanta K, Jaggi M, Chauhan SC, Yallapu MM. Bioactive nanotherapeutic trends to combat triple negative breast cancer. Bioact Mater 2021; 6:3269-3287. [PMID: 33778204 PMCID: PMC7970221 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The management of aggressive breast cancer, particularly, triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains a formidable challenge, despite treatment advancement. Although newer therapies such as atezolizumab, olaparib, and sacituzumab can tackle the breast cancer prognosis and/or progression, but achieved limited survival benefit(s). The current research efforts are aimed to develop and implement strategies for improved bioavailability, targetability, reduce systemic toxicity, and enhance therapeutic outcome of FDA-approved treatment regimen. This review presents various nanoparticle technology mediated delivery of chemotherapeutic agent(s) for breast cancer treatment. This article also documents novel strategies to employ cellular and cell membrane cloaked (biomimetic) nanoparticles for effective clinical translation. These technologies offer a safe and active targeting nanomedicine for effective management of breast cancer, especially TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallabita Chowdhury
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Upasana Ghosh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Rutgers University, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Kamalika Samanta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Meena Jaggi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX, USA
- South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX, USA
| | - Subhash C. Chauhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX, USA
- South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX, USA
| | - Murali M. Yallapu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX, USA
- South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX, USA
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6
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Rawal S, Patel M. Bio-Nanocarriers for Lung Cancer Management: Befriending the Barriers. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2021; 13:142. [PMID: 34138386 PMCID: PMC8196938 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-021-00630-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is a complex thoracic malignancy developing consequential to aberrations in a myriad of molecular and biomolecular signaling pathways. It is one of the most lethal forms of cancers accounting to almost 1.8 million new annual incidences, bearing overall mortality to incidence ratio of 0.87. The dismal prognostic scenario at advanced stages of the disease and metastatic/resistant tumor cell populations stresses the requisite of advanced translational interdisciplinary interventions such as bionanotechnology. This review article deliberates insights and apprehensions on the recent prologue of nanobioengineering and bionanotechnology as an approach for the clinical management of lung cancer. The role of nanobioengineered (bio-nano) tools like bio-nanocarriers and nanobiodevices in secondary prophylaxis, diagnosis, therapeutics, and theranostics for lung cancer management has been discussed. Bioengineered, bioinspired, and biomimetic bio-nanotools of considerate translational value have been reviewed. Perspectives on existent oncostrategies, their critical comparison with bio-nanocarriers, and issues hampering their clinical bench side to bed transformation have also been summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Rawal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, SG Highway, Chharodi, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 382 481, India
| | - Mayur Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, SG Highway, Chharodi, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 382 481, India.
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7
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Stimuli responsive and receptor targeted iron oxide based nanoplatforms for multimodal therapy and imaging of cancer: Conjugation chemistry and alternative therapeutic strategies. J Control Release 2021; 333:188-245. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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8
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Targeting strategies for superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in cancer therapy. Acta Biomater 2020; 102:13-34. [PMID: 31759124 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Among various nanoparticles, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have been increasingly studied for their excellent superparamagnetism, magnetic heating properties, and enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The conjugation of SPIONs with drugs to obtain delivery nanosystems has several advantages including magnetic targeted functionalization, in vivo imaging, magnetic thermotherapy, and combined delivery of anticancer agents. To further increase the targeting efficiency of drugs through a delivery nanosystem based on SPIONs, additional targeting moieties including transferrin, antibodies, aptamers, hyaluronic acid, folate, and targeting peptides are coated onto the surface of SPIONs. Therefore, this review summarizes the latest progresses in the conjugation of targeting molecules and drug delivery nanosystems based on SPIONs, especially focusing on their performances to develop efficient targeted drug delivery systems for tumor therapy. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Some magnetic nanoparticle-based nanocarriers loaded with drugs were evaluated in patients and did not produce convincing results, leading to termination of clinical development in phase II/III. An alternative strategy for drug delivery systems based on SPIONs is the conjugation of these systems with targeting segments such as transferrin, antibodies, aptamers, hyaluronic acid, folate, and targeting peptides. These targeting moieties can be recognized by specific integrin/receptors that are overexpressed specifically on the tumor cell surface, resulting in minimizing dosage and reducing off-target effects. This review focuses on magnetic nanoparticle-based nonviral drug delivery systems with targeting moieties to deliver anticancer drugs, with an aim to provide suggestions on the development of SPIONs through discussion.
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9
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Wang J, Saha S, Schaal JL, Yousefpour P, Li X, Chilkoti A. Heuristics for the Optimal Presentation of Bioactive Peptides on Polypeptide Micelles. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:7977-7987. [PMID: 31642326 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b03141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive peptides describe a very large group of compounds with diverse functions and wide applications, and their multivalent display by nanoparticles can maximize their activities. However, the lack of a universal nanoparticle platform and design rules for their optimal presentation limits the development and application of peptide ligand-decorated nanoparticles. To address this need, we developed a multivalent nanoparticle platform to study the impact of nanoparticle surface hydrophilicity and charge on peptide targeting and internalization by tumor cells. This system consists of micelles of a recombinant elastin-like polypeptide diblock copolymer (ELPBC) that present genetically encoded peptides at the micelle surface without perturbing the size, shape, stability, or peptide valency of the micelle, regardless of the peptide type. We created the largest extant set of 98 combinations of 15 tumor-homing peptides that are presented on the corona of this ELPBC micelle via 8 different peptide linkers that vary in their length and charge and also created control micelles that present the linker only. Analysis of the structure-function relationship of tumor cell targeting by this set of peptide-decorated nanoparticles enabled us to derive heuristics to optimize the delivery of peptides based on their physicochemical properties and to identify a peptide that is likely to be a widely useful ligand for targeting across nanoparticle types. This study shows that ELPBC micelles are a robust and convenient system for the presentation of diverse peptides and provides useful insights into the appropriate presentation of structurally diverse peptide ligands on nanoparticles based on their physicochemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ashutosh Chilkoti
- Department of Biomedical Engineering , Duke University , Durham , North Carolina 27708 , United States
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10
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Chen WH, Luo GF, Zhang XZ. Recent Advances in Subcellular Targeted Cancer Therapy Based on Functional Materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1802725. [PMID: 30260521 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201802725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Recently, diverse functional materials that take subcellular structures as therapeutic targets are playing increasingly important roles in cancer therapy. Here, particular emphasis is placed on four kinds of therapies, including chemotherapy, gene therapy, photodynamic therapy (PDT), and hyperthermal therapy, which are the most widely used approaches for killing cancer cells by the specific destruction of subcellular organelles. Moreover, some non-drug-loaded nanoformulations (i.e., metal nanoparticles and molecular self-assemblies) with a fatal effect on cells by influencing the subcellular functions without the use of any drug molecules are also included. According to the basic principles and unique performances of each treatment, appropriate strategies are developed to meet task-specific applications by integrating specific materials, ligands, as well as methods. In addition, the combination of two or more therapies based on multifunctional nanostructures, which either directly target specific subcellular organelles or release organelle-targeted therapeutics, is also introduced with the intent of superadditive therapeutic effects. Finally, the related challenges of critical re-evaluation of this emerging field are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hai Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education and Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Guo-Feng Luo
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education and Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Xian-Zheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education and Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
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11
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Shape Effects of Peptide Amphiphile Micelles for Targeting Monocytes. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23112786. [PMID: 30373234 PMCID: PMC6278295 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23112786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptide amphiphile micelles (PAMs) are a nanoparticle platform that have gained popularity for their targeting versatility in a wide range of disease models. An important aspect of micelle design is considering the type of hydrophobic moiety used to synthesize the PAM, which can act as a contributing factor regarding their morphology and targeting capabilities. To delineate and compare the characteristics of spherical and cylindrical micelles, we incorporated the monocyte-targeting chemokine, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), into our micelles (MCP-1 PAMs). We report that both shapes of nanoparticles were biocompatible with monocytes and enhanced the secondary structure of the MCP-1 peptide, thereby improving the ability of the micelles to mimic the native MCP-1 protein structure. As a result, both shapes of MCP-1 PAMs effectively targeted monocytes in an in vitro binding assay with murine monocytes. Interestingly, cylindrical PAMs showed a greater ability to attract monocytes compared to spherical PAMs in a chemotaxis assay. However, the surface area, the multivalent display of peptides, and the zeta potential of PAMs may also influence their biomimetic properties. Herein, we introduce variations in the methods of PAM synthesis and discuss the differences in PAM characteristics that can impact the recruitment of monocytes, a process associated with disease and cancer progression.
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12
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Yang C, Bromma K, Chithrani D. Peptide Mediated In Vivo Tumor Targeting of Nanoparticles through Optimization in Single and Multilayer In Vitro Cell Models. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10030084. [PMID: 29558451 PMCID: PMC5876659 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10030084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Optimizing the interface between nanoparticles (NPs) and the biological environment at various levels should be considered for improving delivery of NPs to the target tumor area. For NPs to be successfully delivered to cancer cells, NPs needs to be functionalized for circulation through the blood vessels. In this study, accumulation of Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) functionalized gold nanoparticles (GNPs) was first tested using in vitro monolayer cells and multilayer cell models prior to in vivo models. A diameter of 10 nm sized GNP was selected for this study for sufficient penetration through tumor tissue. The surfaces of the GNPs were modified with PEG molecules, to improve circulation time by reducing non-specific uptake by the reticuloendothelial system (RES) in animal models, and with a peptide containing integrin binding domain, RGD (arginyl-glycyl-aspartic acid), to improve internalization at the cellular level. A 10-12% accumulation of the injected GNP dose within the tumor was observed in vivo and the GNPs remained within the tumor tissue up to 72 h. This study suggests an in vitro platform for optimizing the accumulation of NP complexes in cells and tissue structures before testing them in animal models. Higher accumulation within the tumor in vivo upon surface modification is a promising outcome for future applications where GNPs can be used for drug delivery and radiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celina Yang
- Department of Biomedical Physics, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada.
| | - Kyle Bromma
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada.
| | - Devika Chithrani
- Department of Biomedical Physics, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada.
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada.
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13
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Norouzi H, Khoshgard K, Akbarzadeh F. In vitro outlook of gold nanoparticles in photo-thermal therapy: a literature review. Lasers Med Sci 2018; 33:917-926. [PMID: 29492712 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-018-2467-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Hyperthermia is an anti-cancer treatment in which the temperature of the malignant tumor is increased more than other adjacent normal tissues. Microwave, ultrasound, laser, and radiofrequency sources have been used for hyperthermia of cancerous tissues. In the past decade, near-infrared (NIR) laser for cancer therapy, known as photo-thermal therapy (PTT), was expanded in which the photo-sensitizer agent converts the light photon energy to heat. The heat following PTT can destroy cancer cells. There are some photo-sensitizer agents which have been used for PTT; however, owing to recent advances in nanotechnology, noble metal nanoparticles like gold (Au) nanoparticles (GNPs) have been used successfully in PTT. GNPs have some desirable specifications, including simple and controlled synthesis, small size, high level of biocompatibility, and surface plasmon resonance (SPR). The SPR effect of the GNPs increases the radiative properties like absorption and scattering; therefore, they can be used in PTT. In this article, we reviewed recent in vitro studies of PTT using GNPs in literature. At first, we focus on the physical properties of GNPs, their interaction with infrared radiation, and physical parameters governing the interaction of infrared radiation with the GNPs. Then, we review the passive and active targeting of GNPs using the different coating to induce the thermal damage in cancer cells using low-level laser PPT. The GNPs' cellular internalization into cancer cells is a challenge which is consequently considered. In this review, we also summarize the results of synergistic cancer therapy studies on the combination of radiation therapy as a routine cancer treatment and PTT: in which significant improvement occurs in treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Norouzi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Karim Khoshgard
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Sorkheh-Lizhe Blvd, P.O. Box: 1568, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Akbarzadeh
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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14
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Bose RJ, Paulmurugan R, Moon J, Lee SH, Park H. Cell membrane-coated nanocarriers: the emerging targeted delivery system for cancer theranostics. Drug Discov Today 2018; 23:891-899. [PMID: 29426004 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2018.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 01/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. The use of nanocarriers (NCs) has generated significant interest to improve cancer therapy by targeted delivery. However, conventional NCs in general lack specificity and have poor biodistribution, resulting in low efficacy in cancer therapy. To circumvent this problem, there has been an increasing focus on cancer cell membrane-coated NCs (CCMCNCs), which can deliver therapeutics directly to tumor cells. CCMCNCs comprise active cancer cell surface adhesive molecules combined with other functional proteins, and offer extended blood circulation with robust cell-specific targeting, ensuring enhanced intratumoral penetration and higher tumor-specific accumulation of NCs. In this review, we discuss the preparation, homologous targeting mechanisms, and application of CCMCNCs in targeted cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendran Jc Bose
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea; Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ramasamy Paulmurugan
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - James Moon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Soo-Hong Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hansoo Park
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Pal K, Al-Suraih F, Gonzalez-Rodriguez R, Dutta SK, Wang E, Kwak HS, Caulfield TR, Coffer JL, Bhattacharya S. Multifaceted peptide assisted one-pot synthesis of gold nanoparticles for plectin-1 targeted gemcitabine delivery in pancreatic cancer. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:15622-15634. [PMID: 28991294 PMCID: PMC5859336 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr03172f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
An astute modification of the plectin-1-targeting peptide KTLLPTP by introducing a C-terminal cysteine preceded by a tyrosine residue imparted a reducing property to the peptide. This novel property is then exploited to fabricate gold nanoparticles (GNP) via an in situ reduction of gold(iii) chloride in a one-pot, green synthesis. The modified peptide KTLLPTPYC also acts as a template to generate highly monodispersed, spherical GNPs with a narrow size distribution and improved stability. Plectin-1 is known to be aberrantly expressed in the surface of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells while showing cytoplasmic expression in normal cells. The synthesized GNPs are thus in situ surface modified with the peptides via the cysteine residue leaving the N-terminal KTLLPTP sequence free for targeting plectin-1. The visual molecular dynamics based simulations support the experimental observations like particle size, gemcitabine conjugation and architecture of the peptide-grafted nanoassembly. Additionally, GNPs conjugated to gemcitabine demonstrate significantly higher cytotoxicity in vitro in two established PDAC cell lines (AsPC-1 and PANC-1) and an admirable in vivo antitumor efficacy in a PANC-1 orthotopic xenograft model through selective uptake in PDAC tumor tissues. Altogether, this strategy represents a unique method for the fabrication of a GNP based targeted drug delivery platform using a multifaceted peptide that acts as reducing agent, template for GNP synthesis and targeting agent to display remarkable selectivity towards PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnendu Pal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic Florida, 4500 San Pablo Road S, Jacksonville, Florida 32224, USA.
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16
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Liu X, Jiang J, Ji Y, Lu J, Chan R, Meng H. Targeted drug delivery using iRGD peptide for solid cancer treatment. MOLECULAR SYSTEMS DESIGN & ENGINEERING 2017; 2:370-379. [PMID: 30498580 PMCID: PMC6258069 DOI: 10.1039/c7me00050b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Many solid tumor types, such as pancreatic cancer, have a generally poor prognosis, in part because the delivery of therapeutic regimen is prohibited by pathological abnormalities that block access to tumor vasculature, leading to poor bioavailability. Recent development of tumor penetrating iRGD peptide that is covalently conjugated on nanocarriers' surface or co-administered with nanocarriers becomes a popular approach for tumor targeting. More importantly, scientists have unlocked an important tumor transcytosis mechanism by which drug carrying nanoparticles directly access solid tumors (without the need of leaky vasculature), thereby allowing systemically injected nanocarriers more abundantly distribute at tumor site with improved efficacy. In this focused review, we summarized the design and implementation strategy for iRGD-mediated tumor targeting. This includes the working principle of such peptide and discussion on patient-specific iRGD effect in vivo, commensurate with the level of key biomarker (i.e. neuropilin-1) expression on tumor vasculature. This highlights the necessity to contemplate the use of a personalized approach when iRGD technology is used in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangsheng Liu
- Department of Medicine, Division of NanoMedicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jinhong Jiang
- Department of Medicine, Division of NanoMedicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ying Ji
- Department of Medicine, Division of NanoMedicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jianqin Lu
- Department of Medicine, Division of NanoMedicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ryan Chan
- Department of Medicine, Division of NanoMedicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Huan Meng
- Department of Medicine, Division of NanoMedicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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17
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Fan W, Zhang W, Jia Y, Brusnahan SK, Garrison JC. Investigation into the Biological Impact of Block Size on Cathepsin S-Degradable HPMA Copolymers. Mol Pharm 2017; 14:1405-1417. [PMID: 28263073 PMCID: PMC5507698 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b01038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
N-(2-Hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (HPMA) copolymers have been studied as an efficient carrier for drug delivery and tumor imaging. However, as with many macromolecular platforms, the substantial accumulation of HPMA copolymer by the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS)-associated tissues, such as the blood, liver, and spleen, has inhibited its clinical translation. Our laboratory is pursuing approaches to improve the diagnostic and radiotherapeutic effectiveness of HPMA copolymers by reducing the nontarget accumulation. Specifically, we have been investigating the use of a cathepsin S (Cat S)-cleavable peptidic linkers to degrade multiblock HPMA copolymers to increase MPS-associated tissue clearance. In this study, we further our investigation into this area by exploring the impact of copolymer block size on the biological performance of Cat S-degradable HPMA copolymers. Using a variety of in vitro and in vivo techniques, including dual labeling of the copolymer and peptide components, we investigated the constructs using HPAC pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma models. The smaller copolymer block size (S-CMP) demonstrated significantly faster Cat S cleavage kinetics relative to the larger system (L-CMP). Confocal microscopy demonstrated that both constructs could be much more efficiently internalized by human monocyte-differentiated macrophage (hMDM) compared to HPAC cells. In the biodistribution studies, the multiblock copolymers with a smaller block size exhibited faster clearance and lower nontarget retention while still achieving good tumor targeting and retention. Based on the radioisotopic ratios, fragmentation and clearance of the copolymer constructs were higher in the liver compared to the spleen and tumor. Overall, these results indicate that block size plays an important role in the biological performance of Cat S-degradable polymeric constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Fan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 985830, United States
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 985830, United States
| | - Wenting Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 985830, United States
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 985830, United States
| | - Yinnong Jia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 985830, United States
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 985830, United States
| | - Susan K. Brusnahan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 985830, United States
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 985830, United States
| | - Jered C. Garrison
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 985830, United States
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 985830, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 985830, United States
- Eppley Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 985830, United States
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18
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Bellat V, Lee HH, Vahdat L, Law B. Smart Nanotransformers with Unique Enzyme-Inducible Structural Changes and Drug Release Properties. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:2040-9. [PMID: 27180972 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.6b00227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported a high aspect ratio peptide nanofiber that could be effectively delivered to tumors with minimal nonspecific uptake by other organs. The peptidic nature offers the design flexibility of smart formulation with unique responsiveness. Two new formulations that behave congruously as nanotransformers (NTFs) are reported herein. NTF1 and NTF2 could biomechanically remodel upon enzyme activation to generate a degradable and an aggregable effect, respectively, within the lysosomal compartment. These NTFs were further evaluated as carriers of mertansine (DM1), a microtubule inhibitor. DM1-loaded NTF1 could be degraded by cathepsin B (CathB) to release the same active metabolite, as previously described in the lysosomal degradation of antibody-DM1 conjugate. In contrast, CathB only partially digested DM1-loaded NTF2 and induced aggregate formation to become a storage reservoir with slow payload release property. The DM1-loaded NTF1 exhibited a comparable cytotoxicity to the free drug and was more effective than the NTF2 formulation in eradicating triple negative breast cancer. Our data suggested that biological transformers with distinct enzyme-induced structural changes and payload release profiles could be designed for the intracellular delivery of cytotoxic and imaging agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Bellat
- Molecular Imaging Innovations Institute, Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine , 413 East 69th Street, New York, New York 10021, United States
| | - Hyun Hee Lee
- Molecular Imaging Innovations Institute, Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine , 413 East 69th Street, New York, New York 10021, United States
| | - Linda Vahdat
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine , 425 East 61st Street, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Benedict Law
- Molecular Imaging Innovations Institute, Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine , 413 East 69th Street, New York, New York 10021, United States
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19
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Conjugates of small targeting molecules to non-viral vectors for the mediation of siRNA. Acta Biomater 2016; 36:21-41. [PMID: 27045350 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.03.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED To use siRNA (small interfering RNA) for gene therapy, a gene delivery system is often necessary to overcome several challenging requirements including rapid excretion, low stability in blood serum, non-specific accumulation in tissues, poor cellular uptake and inefficient intracellular release. Active and/or passive targeting should help the delivery system to reach the desired tissue or cell, to be internalized, and to deliver siRNA to the cytoplasm so that siRNA can inhibit protein synthesis. This review covers conjugates of small targeting molecules and non-viral delivery systems for the mediation of siRNA, with a focus on their transfection properties in order to help the development of new and efficient siRNA delivery systems, as the therapeutic solutions of tomorrow. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The delivery of siRNA into cells or tissues remains to be a challenge for its applications, an alternative strategy for siRNA delivery systems is direct conjugation of non-viral vectors with targeting moieties for cellular delivery. In comparison to macromolecules, small targeting molecules have attracted great attention due to their many potential advantages including significant simplicity and ease of production, good repeatability and biodegradability. This review will focus on the most recent advances in the delivery of siRNA using conjugates of small targeting molecules and non-viral delivery systems. Based the editor's suggestions, we hope the revised manuscript could provide more profound understanding to the conjugates of targeting molecules to vectors for mediation of siRNA.
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Abstract
Peptides in atherosclerosis nanomedicine provide structural, targeting, and therapeutic functionality and can assist in overcoming delivery barriers of traditional pharmaceuticals. Moreover, their inherent biocompatibility and biodegradability make them especially attractive as materials intended for use in vivo In this review, an overview of nanoparticle-associated targeting and therapeutic peptides for atherosclerosis is provided, including peptides designed for cellular targets such as endothelial cells, monocytes, and macrophages as well as for plaque components such as collagen and fibrin. An emphasis is placed on recent advances in multimodal strategies and a discussion on current challenges and barriers for clinical applicability is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Ji Chung
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90089-1111, CA, USA
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21
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Yan X, Wu G, Qu Q, Fan X, Xu X, Liu N. A Hybrid Peptide PTS that Facilitates Transmembrane Delivery and Its Application for the Rapid In vivo Imaging via Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:51. [PMID: 27014065 PMCID: PMC4782124 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose: Intravital imaging provides invaluable readouts for clinical diagnoses and therapies and shows great potential in the design of individualized drug dosage regimes. Ts is a mammalian free cell membrane-penetrating peptide. This study aimed to introduce a novel approach to the design of a cancer-selective peptide on the basis of a membrane-penetrating peptide and to explore its potential as a carrier of medical substances. Experimental approach:Ts was linked with a αvβ3-binding peptide P1c to create a hybrid referred to as PTS. The hybrid was labeled with an FITC or Cy5.5 as an imaging indicator to evaluate its in vitro and in vivo bioactivity. Key results:Hemolysis tests proved that in comparison with Ts, PTS caused similar or even less leakage of human erythrocytes at concentrations of up to 1 mmol/L. Flow cytometry assay and confocal microscopy demonstrated the following. (1) P1c alone could target and mostly halt at the cancer cell membrane. (2) Ts alone could not bind to the membrane sufficiently. (3) P1c greatly enhanced the binding affinity of PTS with MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells that upregulated αvβ3. (4) Ts conferred PTS with the ability to traverse a cell membrane and thus facilitate the transmembrane delivery of imaging probes. In vivo near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging demonstrated that the imaging probes were rapidly concentrated in a MDA-MB-231 tumor tissue within 1 h after intravenous injection. Conclusions and implications:PTS exhibited the capability of targeting specific tumors and greatly facilitating the transmembrane delivery of imaging probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejiao Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University Nanjing, China
| | - Guoqiu Wu
- Center of Clinical Laboratory Medicine of Zhongda Hospital, Institute of Biotechnology and Clinical Pharmacy, Medical School of Southeast University Nanjing, China
| | - Qingrong Qu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaobo Fan
- Center of Clinical Laboratory Medicine of Zhongda Hospital, Institute of Biotechnology and Clinical Pharmacy, Medical School of Southeast University Nanjing, China
| | - Xudong Xu
- Department of Biological Engineering, Medical School of Southeast University Nanjing, China
| | - Naifeng Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University Nanjing, China
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22
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Yeh IC, Wang PW, Liu HY, Wu PC, Hsiao JR, Shieh DB. Integrin Targeted Gold Nanoparticles Potentiate Cancer Radiation Sensitivity: Synthesizing and modifying gold nanorods to target cancer cells. IEEE NANOTECHNOLOGY MAGAZINE 2016. [DOI: 10.1109/mnano.2015.2507191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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23
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Hörmann K, Zimmer A. Drug delivery and drug targeting with parenteral lipid nanoemulsions - A review. J Control Release 2015; 223:85-98. [PMID: 26699427 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Lipid nanosized emulsions or nanoemulsions (NE) are oil in water dispersions with an oil droplet size of about 200nm. This size of oil droplets dispersed in a continuous water phase is a prerequisite for the parenteral, namely intravenous administration. Many parenteral nutrition and drug emulsions on the market confirm the safe use of NE over years. Parenteral emulsions loaded with APIs (active pharmaceutical ingredients) are considered as drug delivery systems (DDS). DDS focuses on the regulation of the in vivo dynamics, such as absorption, distribution, metabolism, and extended bioavailability, thereby improving the effectiveness and the safety of the drugs. Using an emulsion as a DDS, or through the use of surface diversification of the dispersed oil droplets of emulsions, a targeted increase of the API concentration in some parts of the human body can be achieved. This review focuses on NE similar to the marketed once with no or only low amount of additional surfactants beside the emulsifier from a manufacturing point of view (technique, used raw materials).
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Hörmann
- Fresenius Kabi Austria GmbH, Hafnerstraße 36, A-8055 Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas Zimmer
- Karl-Franzens-University of Graz, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Member of BioTechMed Graz, Universitätsplatz 1, A-8010 Graz, Austria.
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24
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Mendes TFS, Kluskens LD, Rodrigues LR. Triple Negative Breast Cancer: Nanosolutions for a Big Challenge. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2015; 2:1500053. [PMID: 27980912 PMCID: PMC5115335 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201500053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Revised: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a particular immunopathological subtype of breast cancer that lacks expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors (ER/PR) and amplification of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) gene. Characterized by aggressive and metastatic phenotypes and high rates of relapse, TNBC is the only breast cancer subgroup still lacking effective therapeutic options, thus presenting the worst prognosis. The development of targeted therapies, as well as early diagnosis methods, is vital to ensure an adequate and timely therapeutic intervention in patients with TNBC. This review intends to discuss potentially emerging approaches for the diagnosis and treatment of TNBC patients, with a special focus on nano-based solutions that actively target these particular tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leon D Kluskens
- Centre of Biological Engineering University of Minho 4710-057 Braga Portugal
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25
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Witte AB, Leistra AN, Wong PT, Bharathi S, Refior K, Smith P, Kaso O, Sinniah K, Choi SK. Atomic force microscopy probing of receptor-nanoparticle interactions for riboflavin receptor targeted gold-dendrimer nanocomposites. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:2872-82. [PMID: 24571134 PMCID: PMC3983334 DOI: 10.1021/jp412053w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Riboflavin receptors are overexpressed
in malignant cells from
certain human breast and prostate cancers, and they constitute a group
of potential surface markers important for cancer targeted delivery
of therapeutic agents and imaging molecules. Here we report on the
fabrication and atomic force microscopy (AFM) characterization of
a core–shell nanocomposite consisting of a gold nanoparticle
(AuNP) coated with riboflavin receptor-targeting poly(amido amine)
dendrimer. We designed this nanocomposite for potential applications
such as a cancer targeted imaging material based on its surface plasmon
resonance properties conferred by AuNP. We employed AFM as a technique
for probing the binding interaction between the nanocomposite and
riboflavin binding protein (RfBP) in solution. AFM enabled precise
measurement of the AuNP height distribution before (13.5 nm) and after
chemisorption of riboflavin-conjugated dendrimer (AuNP–dendrimer;
20.5 nm). Binding of RfBP to the AuNP–dendrimer caused a height
increase to 26.7 nm, which decreased to 22.8 nm when coincubated with
riboflavin as a competitive ligand, supporting interaction of AuNP–dendrimer
and its target protein. In summary, physical determination of size
distribution by AFM imaging can serve as a quantitative approach to
monitor and characterize the nanoscale interaction between a dendrimer-covered
AuNP and target protein molecules in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda B Witte
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Calvin College , 3201 Burton Street SE, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49546, United States
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26
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Jin SE, Jin HE, Hong SS. Targeted delivery system of nanobiomaterials in anticancer therapy: from cells to clinics. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:814208. [PMID: 24672796 PMCID: PMC3950423 DOI: 10.1155/2014/814208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 12/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Targeted delivery systems of nanobiomaterials are necessary to be developed for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Nanobiomaterials can be engineered to recognize cancer-specific receptors at the cellular levels and to deliver anticancer drugs into the diseased sites. In particular, nanobiomaterial-based nanocarriers, so-called nanoplatforms, are the design of the targeted delivery systems such as liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles/micelles, nanoconjugates, norganic materials, carbon-based nanobiomaterials, and bioinspired phage system, which are based on the nanosize of 1-100 nm in diameter. In this review, the design and the application of these nanoplatforms are discussed at the cellular levels as well as in the clinics. We believe that this review can offer recent advances in the targeted delivery systems of nanobiomaterials regarding in vitro and in vivo applications and the translation of nanobiomaterials to nanomedicine in anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Eon Jin
- Department of Drug Development, College of Medicine, Inha University, 3-ga, Sinheung dong, Jung-gu, Incheon 400-712, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Eon Jin
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Soon-Sun Hong
- Department of Drug Development, College of Medicine, Inha University, 3-ga, Sinheung dong, Jung-gu, Incheon 400-712, Republic of Korea
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27
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Yuan Y, Chen S, Paunesku T, Gleber SC, Liu WC, Doty CB, Mak R, Deng J, Jin Q, Lai B, Brister K, Flachenecker C, Jacobsen C, Vogt S, Woloschak GE. Epidermal growth factor receptor targeted nuclear delivery and high-resolution whole cell X-ray imaging of Fe3O4@TiO2 nanoparticles in cancer cells. ACS NANO 2013; 7:10502-17. [PMID: 24219664 PMCID: PMC3919441 DOI: 10.1021/nn4033294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Sequestration within the cytoplasm often limits the efficacy of therapeutic nanoparticles that have specific subcellular targets. To allow for both cellular and subcellular nanoparticle delivery, we have created epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeted Fe3O4@TiO2 nanoparticles that use the native intracellular trafficking of EGFR to improve internalization and nuclear translocation in EGFR-expressing HeLa cells. While bound to EGFR, these nanoparticles do not interfere with the interaction between EGFR and karyopherin-β, a protein that is critical for the translocation of ligand-bound EGFR to the nucleus. Thus, a portion of the EGFR-targeted nanoparticles taken up by the cells also reaches cell nuclei. We were able to track nanoparticle accumulation in cells by flow cytometry and nanoparticle subcellular distribution by confocal fluorescent microscopy indirectly, using fluorescently labeled nanoparticles. More importantly, we imaged and quantified intracellular nanoparticles directly, by their elemental signatures, using X-ray fluorescence microscopy at the Bionanoprobe, the first instrument of its kind in the world. The Bionanoprobe can focus hard X-rays down to a 30 nm spot size to map the positions of chemical elements tomographically within whole frozen-hydrated cells. Finally, we show that photoactivation of targeted nanoparticles in cell nuclei, dependent on successful EGFR nuclear accumulation, induces significantly more double-stranded DNA breaks than photoactivation of nanoparticles that remain exclusively in the cytoplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Yuan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Si Chen
- X-ray Sciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Tatjana Paunesku
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | | | - William C. Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Caroline B. Doty
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Rachel Mak
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - Junjing Deng
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - Qiaoling Jin
- X-ray Sciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Barry Lai
- X-ray Sciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Keith Brister
- Northwestern Synchrotron Research Center, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | | | - Chris Jacobsen
- X-ray Sciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - Stefan Vogt
- X-ray Sciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Gayle E. Woloschak
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
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28
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Bazak R, Ressl J, Raha S, Doty C, Liu W, Wanzer B, Salam SA, Elwany S, Paunesku T, Woloschak GE. Cytotoxicity and DNA cleavage with core-shell nanocomposites functionalized by a KH domain DNA binding peptide. NANOSCALE 2013; 5:11394-11399. [PMID: 23824281 PMCID: PMC3825787 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr02203j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A nanoconjugate was composed of metal oxide nanoparticles decorated with peptides and fluorescent dye and tested for DNA cleavage following UV light activation. The peptide design was based on a DNA binding domain, the so called KH domain of the hnRNPK protein. This "KH peptide" enabled cellular uptake of nanoconjugates and their entry into cell nuclei. The control nanoconjugate carried no peptide; it consisted only of the metal oxide nanoparticle prepared as Fe3O4@TiO2 nanocomposite and the fluorescent dye alizarin red S. These components of either construct are responsible for nanoconjugate activation by UV light and the resultant production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Production of ROS at different subcellular locations causes damage to different components of cells: only nanoconjugates inside cell nuclei can be expected to cause DNA cleavage. Degradation of cellular DNA with KH peptide decorated nanoconjugates exceeded the DNA damage obtained from control, no-peptide nanoconjugate counterparts. Moreover, caspase activation and cell death were more extensive in the same cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remon Bazak
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, University of Alexandria Medical School, Azarita medical campus, Champlollion Street, Khartoum Square, Alexandria, Egypt. Tel: 01003810548
- Departments of Radiation Oncology and Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60611 USA. Fax: 312-577-0751; Tel: 312-503-4322
| | - Jan Ressl
- Departments of Radiation Oncology and Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60611 USA. Fax: 312-577-0751; Tel: 312-503-4322
| | - Sumita Raha
- Departments of Radiation Oncology and Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60611 USA. Fax: 312-577-0751; Tel: 312-503-4322
| | - Caroline Doty
- Departments of Radiation Oncology and Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60611 USA. Fax: 312-577-0751; Tel: 312-503-4322
| | - William Liu
- Departments of Radiation Oncology and Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60611 USA. Fax: 312-577-0751; Tel: 312-503-4322
| | - Beau Wanzer
- Departments of Radiation Oncology and Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60611 USA. Fax: 312-577-0751; Tel: 312-503-4322
| | - Seddik Abdel Salam
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, University of Alexandria Medical School, Azarita medical campus, Champlollion Street, Khartoum Square, Alexandria, Egypt. Tel: 01003810548
| | - Samy Elwany
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, University of Alexandria Medical School, Azarita medical campus, Champlollion Street, Khartoum Square, Alexandria, Egypt. Tel: 01003810548
| | - Tatjana Paunesku
- Departments of Radiation Oncology and Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60611 USA. Fax: 312-577-0751; Tel: 312-503-4322
| | - Gayle E Woloschak
- Departments of Radiation Oncology and Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60611 USA. Fax: 312-577-0751; Tel: 312-503-4322
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Longo E, Orlandin A, Mancin F, Scrimin P, Moretto A. Reversible chirality control in peptide-functionalized gold nanoparticles. ACS NANO 2013; 7:9933-9939. [PMID: 24127829 DOI: 10.1021/nn403816a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We report the induction of chiroptical properties in 2 nm diameter gold nanoparticles passivated with short peptides characterized by the Aib-l-Ala repetition in their sequence. The nanoparticles present relevant ECD signals in the 300-650 nm wavelength region, corresponding to the gold nanoparticle's quantized electronic structure. Although the only chiral amino acid present in the peptide sequences is l-Ala, the particles show mirror image spectra like those of enantiomers according to the number of amino acids in the main chain (odd or even). Such a behavior appears to be strongly influenced by the secondary structure assumed by the peptides when passivating the nanoparticles and vanishes when the sequence is long enough to assume a 310-helix conformation. Moreover, chirality control is a reversible process and can be deactivated or reactivated by increasing or decreasing the temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Longo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova , Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
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30
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Mirjolet C, Papa AL, Créhange G, Raguin O, Seignez C, Paul C, Truc G, Maingon P, Millot N. The radiosensitization effect of titanate nanotubes as a new tool in radiation therapy for glioblastoma: a proof-of-concept. Radiother Oncol 2013; 108:136-42. [PMID: 23647757 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2013.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2012] [Revised: 02/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE One of the new challenges to improve radiotherapy is to increase the ionizing effect by using nanoparticles. The interest of titanate nanotubes (TiONts) associated with radiotherapy was evaluated in two human glioblastoma cell lines (SNB-19 and U87MG). MATERIALS AND METHODS Titanate nanotubes were synthetized by the hydrothermal treatment of titanium dioxide powder in a strongly basic NaOH solution. The cytotoxicity of TiONts was evaluated on SNB-19 and U87MG cell lines by cell proliferation assay. The internalization of TiONts was studied using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Finally, the effect of TiONts on cell radiosensitivity was evaluated using clonogenic assay. Cell cycle distribution was evaluated by flow cytometry after DNA labeling. DNA double-stranded breaks were evaluated using γH2AX labeling. RESULTS Cells internalized TiONts through the possible combination of endocytosis and diffusion with no cytotoxicity. Clonogenic assays showed that cell lines incubated with TiONts were radiosensitized with a decrease in the SF2 parameter for both SNB-19 and U87MG cells. TiONts decreased DNA repair efficiency after irradiation and amplified G2/M cell-cycle arrest. CONCLUSION Our results indicated that further development of TiONts might provide a new useful tool for research and clinical therapy in the field of oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Mirjolet
- Radiotherapy Department, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France
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31
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Flexible or fixed: a comparative review of linear and cyclic cancer-targeting peptides. Future Med Chem 2012; 4:1601-18. [PMID: 22917248 DOI: 10.4155/fmc.12.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Peptides can serve as versatile cancer-targeting ligands and have been used for clinically relevant applications such as cancer imaging and therapy. A current and long-standing focus within peptide research is the creation of structurally constrained peptides generated through cyclization. Cyclization is envisioned to enhance the selective binding, uptake, potency and stability of linear precursors. This review compares closely related linear and cyclic peptides in these respects. Peptide cyclization generally improves the selective binding and stability of linear precursors; however, not all cyclization strategies and constrained geometries enhance these properties to the same extent. In some instances, linear analogues actually have better cancer-targeting properties compared with their cyclic counterparts. Although cyclization does not necessarily improve the cancer-targeting properties of linear analogues, cyclic peptides may obtain properties that allow them to be used for additional applications. This review aims to convey the advantages and limitations of cyclic cancer-targeting peptides.
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32
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Muro S. Challenges in design and characterization of ligand-targeted drug delivery systems. J Control Release 2012; 164:125-37. [PMID: 22709588 PMCID: PMC3481020 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.05.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2011] [Revised: 05/19/2012] [Accepted: 05/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Targeting of therapeutic agents to molecular markers expressed on the surface of cells requiring clinical intervention holds promise to improve specificity of delivery, enhancing therapeutic effects while decreasing potential damage to healthy tissues. Drug targeting to cellular receptors involved in endocytic transport facilitates intracellular delivery, a requirement for a number of therapeutic goals. However, after several decades of experimental design, there is still considerable controversy on the practical outcome of drug targeting strategies. The plethora of factors contributing to the relative efficacy of targeting makes the success of these approaches hardly predictable. Lack of fully specific targets, along with selection of targets with spatial and temporal expression well aligned to interventional requirements, pose difficulties to this process. Selection of adequate sub-molecular target epitopes determines accessibility for anchoring of drug conjugates and bulkier drug carriers, as well as proper signaling for uptake within the cell. Targeting design must adapt to physiological variables of blood flow, disease status, and tissue architecture by accommodating physicochemical parameters such as carrier composition, functionalization, geometry, and avidity. In many cases, opposite features need to meet a balance, e.g., sustained circulation versus efficient targeting, penetration through tissues versus uptake within cells, internalization within endocytic compartment to avoid efflux pumps versus accessibility to molecular targets within the cytosol, etc. Detailed characterization of these complex physiological factors and design parameters, along with a deep understanding of the mechanisms governing the interaction of targeted drugs and carriers with the biological environment, are necessary steps toward achieving efficient drug targeting systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Muro
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
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Veeranarayanan S, Poulose AC, Mohamed MS, Varghese SH, Nagaoka Y, Yoshida Y, Maekawa T, Kumar DS. Synergistic targeting of cancer and associated angiogenesis using triple-targeted dual-drug silica nanoformulations for theragnostics. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2012; 8:3476-3489. [PMID: 22865683 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201200874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The targeting and therapeutic efficacy of dye- and dual-drug-loaded silica nanoparticles, functionalized with triple targeting ligands specific towards cancer and neoangiogenesis simultaneously, are discussed. This synergized, high-precision, multitarget concept culminates in an elevated uptake of nanoparticles by cancer and angiogenic cells with amplified proficiency, thereby imparting superior therapeutic efficacy against breast cancer cells and completely disabling the migration and angiogenic sprouting ability of activated endothelial cells. The exceptional multimodal efficiency achieved by this single therapeutic nanoformulation holds promise for the synergistic targeting and treatment of the yet elusive cancer and its related angiogenesis in a single, lethal shot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srivani Veeranarayanan
- Bio Nano Electronics Research Center, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary New Science, Toyo University, Kawagoe, Saitama 350-8585, Japan
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Vannucci L, Falvo E, Fornara M, Di Micco P, Benada O, Krizan J, Svoboda J, Hulikova-Capkova K, Morea V, Boffi A, Ceci P. Selective targeting of melanoma by PEG-masked protein-based multifunctional nanoparticles. Int J Nanomedicine 2012; 7:1489-509. [PMID: 22619508 PMCID: PMC3356193 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s28242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nanoparticle-based systems are promising for the development of imaging and therapeutic agents. The main advantage of nanoparticles over traditional systems lies in the possibility of loading multiple functionalities onto a single molecule, which are useful for therapeutic and/or diagnostic purposes. These functionalities include targeting moieties which are able to recognize receptors overexpressed by specific cells and tissues. However, targeted delivery of nanoparticles requires an accurate system design. We present here a rationally designed, genetically engineered, and chemically modified protein-based nanoplatform for cell/tissue-specific targeting. Methods Our nanoparticle constructs were based on the heavy chain of the human protein ferritin (HFt), a highly symmetrical assembly of 24 subunits enclosing a hollow cavity. HFt-based nanoparticles were produced using both genetic engineering and chemical functionalization methods to impart several functionalities, ie, the α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone peptide as a melanoma-targeting moiety, stabilizing and HFt-masking polyethylene glycol molecules, rhodamine fluorophores, and magnetic resonance imaging agents. The constructs produced were extensively characterized by a number of physicochemical techniques, and assayed for selective melanoma-targeting in vitro and in vivo. Results Our HFt-based nanoparticle constructs functionalized with the α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone peptide moiety and polyethylene glycol molecules were specifically taken up by melanoma cells but not by other cancer cell types in vitro. Moreover, experiments in melanoma-bearing mice indicate that these constructs have an excellent tumor-targeting profile and a long circulation time in vivo. Conclusion By masking human HFt with polyethylene glycol and targeting it with an α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone peptide, we developed an HFt-based melanoma-targeting nanoplatform for application in melanoma diagnosis and treatment. These results could be of general interest, because the same strategy can be exploited to develop ad hoc nanoplatforms for specific delivery towards any cell/tissue type for which a suitable targeting moiety is available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Vannucci
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, VVI, Prague, Czech Republic
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35
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Barnaby SN, Fath KR, Tsiola A, Banerjee IA. Fabrication of ellagic acid incorporated self-assembled peptide microtubes and their applications. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2012; 95:154-61. [PMID: 22455831 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2012.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2011] [Revised: 02/20/2012] [Accepted: 02/21/2012] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Ellagic acid (EA), a plant polyphenol known for its wide-range of health benefits was encapsulated within self-assembled threonine based peptide microtubes. The microtubes were assembled using the synthesized precursor bolaamphiphile bis(N-α-amido threonine)-1,5-pentane dicarboxylate. The self-assembly of the microstructures was probed at varying pH. In general, tubular formations were observed at a pH range of 4-6. The formed microtubes were then utilized for fabrication with EA. We probed the ability of the microtubes as drug release vehicles for EA as well as for antibacterial applications. It was found that the release of EA was both pH and concentration dependent. The biocompatibility as well as cytotoxicity of the EA-fabricated microtubes was examined in the presence of mammalian normal rat kidney (NRK) cells. Finally the antibacterial effects of the EA incorporated peptide microtubes was examined against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacey N Barnaby
- Department of Chemistry, Fordham University, 441 East Fordham Road, Bronx, NY 10458, United States
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Witte AB, Timmer CM, Gam JJ, Choi SK, Banaszak Holl MM, Orr BG, Baker JR, Sinniah K. Biophysical characterization of a riboflavin-conjugated dendrimer platform for targeted drug delivery. Biomacromolecules 2012; 13:507-16. [PMID: 22191428 DOI: 10.1021/bm201566g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The present study describes the biophysical characterization of generation-five poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers conjugated with riboflavin (RF) as a cancer-targeting platform. Two new series of dendrimers were designed, each presenting the riboflavin ligand attached at a different site (isoalloxazine at N-3 and d-ribose at N-10) and at varying ligand valency. Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used to determine the binding activity for riboflavin binding protein (RfBP) in a cell-free solution. The ITC data shows dendrimer conjugates have K(D) values of ≥ 465 nM on a riboflavin basis, an affinity ~93-fold lower than that of free riboflavin. The N-3 series showed greater binding affinity in comparison with the N-10 series. Notably, the affinity is inversely correlated with ligand valency. These findings are also corroborated by DSC, where greater protein-conjugate stability is achieved with the N-3 series and at lower ligand valency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda B Witte
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Calvin College, 3201 Burton Street South East, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49546, United States
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Short peptides as biosensor transducers. Anal Bioanal Chem 2011; 402:3055-70. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-011-5589-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2011] [Revised: 10/25/2011] [Accepted: 11/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Williams CC, Thang SH, Hantke T, Vogel U, Seeberger PH, Tsanaktsidis J, Lepenies B. RAFT-Derived Polymer-Drug Conjugates: Poly(hydroxypropyl methacrylamide) (HPMA)-7-Ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (SN-38) Conjugates. ChemMedChem 2011; 7:281-91. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201100456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2011] [Revised: 11/08/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Dendrimer-based multivalent methotrexates as dual acting nanoconjugates for cancer cell targeting. Eur J Med Chem 2011; 47:560-72. [PMID: 22142685 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2011] [Revised: 11/08/2011] [Accepted: 11/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Cancer-targeting drug delivery can be based on the rational design of a therapeutic platform. This approach is typically achieved by the functionalization of a nanoparticle with two distinct types of molecules, a targeting ligand specific for a cancer cell, and a cytotoxic molecule to kill the cell. The present study aims to evaluate the validity of an alternative simplified approach in the design of cancer-targeting nanotherapeutics: conjugating a single type of molecule with dual activities to nanoparticles, instead of coupling a pair of orthogonal molecules. Herein we investigate whether this strategy can be validated by its application to methotrexate, a dual-acting small molecule that shows cytotoxicity because of its potent inhibitory activity against dihydrofolate reductase and that binds folic acid receptor, a tumor biomarker frequently upregulated on the cancer cell surface. This article describes a series of dendrimer conjugates derived from a generation 5 polyamidoamine (G5 PAMAM) presenting a multivalent array of methotrexate and also demonstrates their dual biological activities by surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy, a cell-free enzyme assay, and cell-based experiments with KB cancer cells.
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Thanongsaksrikul J, Chaicumpa W. Botulinum neurotoxins and botulism: a novel therapeutic approach. Toxins (Basel) 2011; 3:469-88. [PMID: 22069720 PMCID: PMC3202833 DOI: 10.3390/toxins3050469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2011] [Revised: 04/22/2011] [Accepted: 04/28/2011] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Specific treatment is not available for human botulism. Current remedial mainstay is the passive administration of polyclonal antibody to botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) derived from heterologous species (immunized animal or mouse hybridoma) together with supportive and symptomatic management. The antibody works extracellularly, probably by blocking the binding of receptor binding (R) domain to the neuronal receptors; thus inhibiting cellular entry of the holo-BoNT. The antibody cannot neutralize the intracellular toxin. Moreover, a conventional antibody with relatively large molecular size (150 kDa) is not accessible to the enzymatic groove and, thus, cannot directly inhibit the BoNT zinc metalloprotease activity. Recently, a 15-20 kDa single domain antibody (V(H)H) that binds specifically to light chain of BoNT serotype A was produced from a humanized-camel VH/V(H)H phage display library. The V(H)H has high sequence homology (>80%) to the human VH and could block the enzymatic activity of the BoNT. Molecular docking revealed not only the interface binding between the V(H)H and the toxin but also an insertion of the V(H)H CDR3 into the toxin enzymatic pocket. It is envisaged that, by molecular linking the V(H)H to a cell penetrating peptide (CPP), the CPP-V(H)H fusion protein would be able to traverse the hydrophobic cell membrane into the cytoplasm and inhibit the intracellular BoNT. This presents a novel and safe immunotherapeutic strategy for botulism by using a cell penetrating, humanized-single domain antibody that inhibits the BoNT by means of a direct blockade of the groove of the menace enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeeraphong Thanongsaksrikul
- Laboratory for Research and Technology Development, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Prannok Road, Bangkok-noi, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
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