1
|
Sharma T, Kapoor A, Mandal CC. Duality of bone morphogenetic proteins in cancer: A comprehensive analysis. J Cell Physiol 2022; 237:3127-3163. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tanu Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences Central University of Rajasthan Ajmer Rajasthan India
| | - Anmol Kapoor
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences Central University of Rajasthan Ajmer Rajasthan India
| | - Chandi C. Mandal
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences Central University of Rajasthan Ajmer Rajasthan India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Todd GM, Gao Z, Hyvönen M, Brazil DP, Ten Dijke P. Secreted BMP antagonists and their role in cancer and bone metastases. Bone 2020; 137:115455. [PMID: 32473315 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are multifunctional secreted cytokines that act in a highly context-dependent manner. BMP action extends beyond the induction of cartilage and bone formation, to encompass pivotal roles in controlling tissue and organ homeostasis during development and adulthood. BMPs signal via plasma membrane type I and type II serine/threonine kinase receptors and intracellular SMAD transcriptional effectors. Exquisite temporospatial control of BMP/SMAD signalling and crosstalk with other cellular cues is achieved by a series of positive and negative regulators at each step in the BMP/SMAD pathway. The interaction of BMP ligand with its receptors is carefully controlled by a diverse set of secreted antagonists that bind BMPs and block their interaction with their cognate BMP receptors. Perturbations in this BMP/BMP antagonist balance are implicated in a range of developmental disorders and diseases, including cancer. Here, we provide an overview of the structure and function of secreted BMP antagonists, and summarize recent novel insights into their role in cancer progression and bone metastasis. Gremlin1 (GREM1) is a highly studied BMP antagonist, and we will focus on this molecule in particular and its role in cancer. The therapeutic potential of pharmacological inhibitors for secreted BMP antagonists for cancer and other human diseases will also be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grace M Todd
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Zhichun Gao
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Marko Hyvönen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK.
| | - Derek P Brazil
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK.
| | - Peter Ten Dijke
- Oncode Institute, Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Meng L, Liu X, Teng X, Yuan W, Duan L, Meng J, Li J, Zheng Z, Wei Y, Hu S. DAN plays important compensatory roles in systemic-to-pulmonary shunt associated pulmonary arterial hypertension. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2019; 226:e13263. [PMID: 30715799 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM Proteins mainly expressed in normal lungs and significantly changed in lungs exposed to systemic-to-pulmonary shunts might be promising targets for pulmonary arterial hypertension induced by congenital heart diseases (PAH/CHD). This study aimed to investigate the potential role of differential screening-selected gene aberrative in neuroblastoma (DAN) in PAH/CHD. METHODS PAH was surgically induced by the combined surgery (right pulmonary artery ligation and left cervical systemic-to-pulmonary shunt) in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Exogenous DAN was supplemented by osmotic minipumps. RESULTS Firstly, DAN was significantly decreased in patients with severe PAH/CHD and negatively correlated with pulmonary hemodynamic indices derived from right cardiac catheterization. Secondly, pulmonary hypertensive status and apparent pulmonary vasculopathies of PAH/CHD were surgically reproduced in SD rats. Real time-PCR and Western blot analysis revealed that DAN mRNA and protein levels decreased in lungs exposed to systemic-to-pulmonary shunts, and immunofluorescence staining found that DAN was highly expressed in pulmonary arteries of normal lungs but seldom detected in severely remodelling pulmonary arteries, furthermore, plasma levels of DAN in shunted-rats manifested a time-depended decrease and negatively correlated with pulmonary hemodynamic indices. Thirdly, DAN specially reversed the anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects of bone morphogenetic protein 2/4 (BMP2/4) on pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells via BMP2/4-BMPR2-Smad1/5/8-Id1 signalling pathway. Furthermore, continuous supplementation of exogenous DAN protein increased the extent of shunt-associated PAH. CONCLUSION Compensatory decrease of DAN in hypertensive lungs may retard the deterioration of shunt-associated PAH, at least in part, by antagonizing BMP signalling pathway. Furthermore, DAN might be a potential biomarker for PAH/CHD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liukun Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Peking Union Medical College Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Medical Research Center, Beijing Chao‐Yang Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China
- Heart Center & Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension Research, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Xiao Teng
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Peking Union Medical College Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing China
| | - Wen Yuan
- Medical Research Center, Beijing Chao‐Yang Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China
- Heart Center & Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension Research, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Lihua Duan
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Nanchang China
| | - Jian Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Peking Union Medical College Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing China
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Peking Union Medical College Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing China
| | - Zhe Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Peking Union Medical College Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing China
| | - Yingjie Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Peking Union Medical College Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing China
| | - Shengshou Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Peking Union Medical College Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Narasimhaiah D, Legrand C, Damotte D, Remark R, Munda M, De Potter P, Coulie PG, Vikkula M, Godfraind C. DNA alteration-based classification of uveal melanoma gives better prognostic stratification than immune infiltration, which has a neutral effect in high-risk group. Cancer Med 2019; 8:3036-3046. [PMID: 31025552 PMCID: PMC6558590 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In uveal melanomas, immune infiltration is a marker of poor prognosis. This work intended to decipher the biological characteristics of intra‐tumor immune population, compare it to other established biomarkers and to patients' outcome. Methods Primary, untreated, and mainly large uveal melanomas with retinal detachment were analyzed using: transcriptomic profiling (n = 15), RT‐qPCR (n = 36), immunohistochemistry (n = 89), Multiplex Ligation‐dependent Probe Amplification (MLPA) for copy number alterations (CNA) analysis (n = 89), array‐CGH (n = 17), and survival statistics (n = 86). Results Gene expression analysis divided uveal melanomas into two groups, according to the IFNγ/STAT1‐IRF1 pathway activation. Tumors with IFNγ‐signature had poorer prognosis and showed increased infiltration of CD8+ T lymphocytes and macrophages. Cox multivariate analyses of immune cell infiltration with MLPA data delineated better prognostic value for three prognostic groups (three‐tier stratification) than two (two‐tier stratification). CNA‐based model comprising monosomy 3, 8q amplification, and LZTS1and NBL1 deletions emerged as the best predictor for disease‐free survival. It outperformed immune cell infiltration in receiver operating characteristic curves. The model that combined CNA and immune infiltration defined risk‐groups according to the number of DNA alterations. Immune cell infiltration was increased in the high‐risk group (73.7%), where it did not correlate with patient survival, while it was associated with poorer outcome in the intermediate risk‐group. Conclusions High degree of immune cell infiltration occurs in a subset of uveal melanomas, is interferon‐gamma‐related, and associated with poor survival. It allows for two‐tier stratification, which is prognostically less efficient than a three‐tier one. The best prognostic stratification is by CNA model with three risk‐groups where immune cell infiltration impacts only some subgroups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deepti Narasimhaiah
- Human Molecular Genetics, de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Catherine Legrand
- Institute of Statistics, Biostatistics and Actuarial Sciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Diane Damotte
- Team "Cancer, Immune control, and Escape", Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Paris, France
| | - Romain Remark
- Team "Cancer, Immune control, and Escape", Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Paris, France
| | - Marco Munda
- Institute of Statistics, Biostatistics and Actuarial Sciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Patrick De Potter
- Department of Ophthalmology, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre G Coulie
- de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Miikka Vikkula
- Human Molecular Genetics, de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Catherine Godfraind
- Human Molecular Genetics, de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Pathology, CHU Gabriel Montpied, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
McLennan R, Bailey CM, Schumacher LJ, Teddy JM, Morrison JA, Kasemeier-Kulesa JC, Wolfe LA, Gogol MM, Baker RE, Maini PK, Kulesa PM. DAN (NBL1) promotes collective neural crest migration by restraining uncontrolled invasion. J Cell Biol 2017; 216:3339-3354. [PMID: 28811280 PMCID: PMC5626539 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201612169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural crest cells are both highly migratory and significant to vertebrate organogenesis. However, the signals that regulate neural crest cell migration remain unclear. In this study, we identify DAN as a novel factor that inhibits uncontrolled neural crest and metastatic melanoma invasion in a manner consistent with the inhibition of BMP signaling. Neural crest cells are both highly migratory and significant to vertebrate organogenesis. However, the signals that regulate neural crest cell migration remain unclear. In this study, we test the function of differential screening-selected gene aberrant in neuroblastoma (DAN), a bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) antagonist we detected by analysis of the chick cranial mesoderm. Our analysis shows that, before neural crest cell exit from the hindbrain, DAN is expressed in the mesoderm, and then it becomes absent along cell migratory pathways. Cranial neural crest and metastatic melanoma cells avoid DAN protein stripes in vitro. Addition of DAN reduces the speed of migrating cells in vivo and in vitro, respectively. In vivo loss of function of DAN results in enhanced neural crest cell migration by increasing speed and directionality. Computer model simulations support the hypothesis that DAN restrains cell migration by regulating cell speed. Collectively, our results identify DAN as a novel factor that inhibits uncontrolled neural crest and metastatic melanoma invasion and promotes collective migration in a manner consistent with the inhibition of BMP signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Caleb M Bailey
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University-Idaho, Rexburg, ID
| | - Linus J Schumacher
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, England, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ruth E Baker
- Wolfson Centre for Mathematical Biology, Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, England, UK
| | - Philip K Maini
- Wolfson Centre for Mathematical Biology, Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, England, UK
| | - Paul M Kulesa
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO .,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, KS
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Inhibitory effect of NBL1 on PDGF-BB-induced human PASMC proliferation through blockade of PDGFβ-p38MAPK pathway. Biosci Rep 2016; 36:BSR20160199. [PMID: 27474499 PMCID: PMC5006314 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20160199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary artery remodelling is a key feature in the pathological progress of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Moreover, excessive proliferation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary artery remodelling. Neuroblastoma suppressor of tumorigenicity 1 (NBL1) has been previously shown to induce growth inhibition in tumour cells. However, the effect of NBL1 in the regulation of human PASMC proliferation remains unclear. In cultured human PASMCs, we observed a dose-dependent inhibitory effect of NBL1 on platelet derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB-induced cell growth, DNA synthesis and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression, as measured by MTS assay, 5-ethynil-2-deoxyuridine (EdU) analysis and western blots respectively. We also detected the expression and activities of cell-cycle positive regulators (cyclin D1, cyclin E, CDK2, CDK4 and CDK6) and negative regulators (p21 and p27) in human PASMCs by western blots and co-immuoprecipitation (IP). Our results show that NBL1-induced growth suppression is associated with the decreased activity of cyclin D1–CDK4 and the decreased phosphorylation of p27 in PDGF-BB-treated human PASMCs. By western blots using the phosphor-specific antibodies, we further demonstrated that NBL1 induced growth suppression is mediated by blockade of the up-stream PDGF-receptor β (PDGFRβ)-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). In conclusion, our results suggest that NBL1 could inhibit PDGF-BB-induced human PASMC proliferation, and the underlying mechanism is associated with the decreased cyclin D1–CDK4 activity and up-regulated p27 by decreasing the phosphorylation of p27 via blockade of PDGFRβ-p38MAPK signal cascade. Our findings may provide a potential therapeutic target for PAH.
Collapse
|
7
|
Garzón-Alvarado DA. A hypothesis on the formation of the primary ossification centers in the membranous neurocranium: A mathematical and computational model. J Theor Biol 2013; 317:366-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2012.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2012] [Revised: 09/12/2012] [Accepted: 09/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Diego A Garzón-Alvarado
- Research Group on Numerical Methods for Engineering (GNUM), Departament of Mechanical and Mechatronical Engineering, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Colombia.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hayashi T, Sentani K, Oue N, Ohara S, Teishima J, Anami K, Sakamoto N, Matsubara A, Yasui W. The Search for Secreted Proteins in Prostate Cancer by the Escherichia coli Ampicillin Secretion Trap: Expression of NBL1 Is Highly Restricted to the Prostate and Is Related to Cancer Progression. Pathobiology 2012; 80:60-9. [DOI: 10.1159/000341396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2012] [Accepted: 06/18/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
|
9
|
NBL1 and anillin (ANLN) genes over-expression in pancreatic carcinoma. Folia Histochem Cytobiol 2009; 47:249-55. [DOI: 10.2478/v10042-009-0031-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
|
10
|
Ideno H, Takanabe R, Shimada A, Imaizumi K, Araki R, Abe M, Nifuji A. Protein related to DAN and cerberus (PRDC) inhibits osteoblastic differentiation and its suppression promotes osteogenesis in vitro. Exp Cell Res 2009; 315:474-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2008.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2008] [Revised: 11/18/2008] [Accepted: 11/23/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
11
|
López de Maturana R, Martin B, Millar RP, Brown P, Davidson L, Pawson AJ, Nicol MR, Mason JI, Barran P, Naor Z, Maudsley S. GnRH-mediated DAN production regulates the transcription of the GnRH receptor in gonadotrope cells. Neuromolecular Med 2007; 9:230-48. [PMID: 17914181 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-007-8004-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2006] [Revised: 11/30/1999] [Accepted: 02/02/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The primary function of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is the regulation of pituitary gonadotropin hormone gene transcription, biosynthesis and release. These effects are mediated through intracellular mobilization of Ca2+ and activation of PKC isoforms and MAP kinases. We show here that DAN (differential screening-selected gene aberrative in neuroblastoma) which is a secreted bone morphogenic protein (BMP) antagonist belonging to the TGFbeta protein superfamily, is controlled by GnRH in murine gonadotrope cells. Acute GnRH stimulation induced a rapid, 27-fold, elevation of DAN mRNA, accompanied by an approximate 3-fold increase in the amount of mature DAN glycoprotein in the cell cytoplasm and in DAN secretion into the culture medium. Incubation of L beta T2 cells in DAN-containing medium altered the levels of a number of cellular proteins. Two of these were identified as the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) and the actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunits 2 (p34-ARC) which are primarily involved in steroidogenesis and cytoskeleton remodelling, respectively. DAN caused an approximate 2-fold specific elevation in the cytoplasmic levels of both these proteins in L beta T2 cells. We further tested the effects of DAN on classical GnRH effects viz. gonadotropin and GnRH receptor gene expression. Co-transfection of L beta T2 cells with DAN and gonadotropin subunit promoter luciferase reporter genes had no effect on GnRH stimulation of alpha GSU and LH beta or on the additive GnRH and activin induction of FSH beta subunit transcription. However, co-transfection of DAN markedly inhibited the synergistic activation of GnRH and activin on GnRH receptor gene expression thus implicating DAN as a novel autocrine/paracrine factor that modulates GnRH function in pituitary gonadotropes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rakel López de Maturana
- MRC Human Reproductive Sciences Unit, Centre for Human Reproductive Biology, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Nikitovic D, Berdiaki A, Zafiropoulos A, Katonis P, Tsatsakis A, Karamanos NK, Tzanakakis GN. Lumican expression is positively correlated with the differentiation and negatively with the growth of human osteosarcoma cells. FEBS J 2007; 275:350-61. [PMID: 18093185 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2007.06205.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone tumour associated with childhood and adolescence. The possible role of the small leucine-rich proteoglycan, lumican, in the growth and metastasis of various cancer types has recently been investigated. In this study, the expression of lumican was examined in moderately differentiated (MG-63) and well-differentiated (Saos 2) human osteosarcoma cell lines of high and low metastatic capability, respectively. Real-time PCR, western blotting with antibodies against the protein core and keratan sulfate, and specific enzymatic digestions were the methods employed. The two human osteosarcoma cell lines were found to express and secrete lumican partly substituted with keratan sulfate glycosaminoglycans. Importantly, the non-metastatic, well-differentiated Saos 2 cells produced lumican at rates that were up to sevenfold higher than those of highly metastatic MG-63 cells. The utilization of short interfering RNA specific for the lumican gene resulted in efficient down-regulation of its mRNA levels in both cell lines. The growth of Saos 2 cells was inhibited by lumican, whereas their migration and chemotactic response to fibronectin were found to be promoted. Lumican expression was negatively correlated with the basal level of Smad 2 activation in these cells, suggesting that lumican may affect the bioavailability of Smad 2 activators. By contrast, these cellular functions of highly aggressive MG-63 cells were demonstrated not to be sensitive to a decrease in their low endogenous lumican levels. These results suggest that lumican expression may be positively correlated with the differentiation and negatively correlated with the progression of osteosarcoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dragana Nikitovic
- Department of Histology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhu W, Kim J, Cheng C, Rawlins BA, Boachie-Adjei O, Crystal RG, Hidaka C. Noggin regulation of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) 2/7 heterodimer activity in vitro. Bone 2006; 39:61-71. [PMID: 16488673 PMCID: PMC2943335 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2005.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2005] [Revised: 11/28/2005] [Accepted: 12/22/2005] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs) are growth factors important for skeletal development and bone growth. Noggin, one of the soluble BMP antagonists, regulates the action of BMPs on mesenchymal precursor cells, partially through a feedback type of inhibition. In this study, we constructed a novel BMP2/7 'fusion gene' that encodes both BMP2 and BMP7 genes in tandem by a linker. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western blotting showed that the BMP2/7 fusion gene construct led to the production of BMP2/7 heterodimers in A549 'producer' cells. When applied to C2C12 myoblastic cells, BMP2/7 heterodimers increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and osteocalcin (OCN) expression (markers of osteoblastic differentiation) more effectively than either BMP2 or BMP7 homodimers. Moreover, this heterodimer induced significantly lower levels of Noggin expression in C2C12 cells than respective homodimers at similar doses. The addition of Noggin did not affect the heterodimer's activities in increasing osteoblastic differentiation in C2C12 cells. In contrast, BMP2 and BMP7 homodimers were largely inhibited by Noggin. Our finding suggests that the 'fusion gene' construct led to the production of bioactive BMP2/7 heterodimers, which were not antagonized by Noggin as effectively as it to BMP homodimers. The weaker Noggin antagonism on BMP heterodimers compared to homodimers may contribute to increased osteogenic potency of heterodimers in vitro and in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhu
- Musculoskeletal Integrity Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Jaehon Kim
- Musculoskeletal Integrity Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Christina Cheng
- Musculoskeletal Integrity Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Bernard A. Rawlins
- Spinal Deformity Service, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Oheneba Boachie-Adjei
- Spinal Deformity Service, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Ronald G. Crystal
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Chisa Hidaka
- Musculoskeletal Integrity Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
- Corresponding author. Laboratory for Soft Tissue Research, Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 E. 70th Street, New York, NY 10021, USA. Fax: +1 212 240 2373. (C. Hidaka)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Namkoong H, Shin SM, Kim HK, Ha SA, Cho GW, Hur SY, Kim TE, Kim JW. The bone morphogenetic protein antagonist gremlin 1 is overexpressed in human cancers and interacts with YWHAH protein. BMC Cancer 2006; 6:74. [PMID: 16545136 PMCID: PMC1459871 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-6-74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2005] [Accepted: 03/18/2006] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Basic studies of oncogenesis have demonstrated that either the elevated production of particular oncogene proteins or the occurrence of qualitative abnormalities in oncogenes can contribute to neoplastic cellular transformation. The purpose of our study was to identify an unique gene that shows cancer-associated expression, and characterizes its function related to human carcinogenesis. METHODS We used the differential display (DD) RT-PCR method using normal cervical, cervical cancer, metastatic cervical tissues, and cervical cancer cell lines to identify genes overexpressed in cervical cancers and identified gremlin 1 which was overexpressed in cervical cancers. We determined expression levels of gremlin 1 using Northern blot analysis and immunohistochemical study in various types of human normal and cancer tissues. To understand the tumorigenesis pathway of identified gremlin 1 protein, we performed a yeast two-hybrid screen, GST pull down assay, and immunoprecipitation to identify gremlin 1 interacting proteins. RESULTS DDRT-PCR analysis revealed that gremlin 1 was overexpressed in uterine cervical cancer. We also identified a human gremlin 1 that was overexpressed in various human tumors including carcinomas of the lung, ovary, kidney, breast, colon, pancreas, and sarcoma. PIG-2-transfected HEK 293 cells exhibited growth stimulation and increased telomerase activity. Gremlin 1 interacted with homo sapiens tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein, eta polypeptide (14-3-3 eta; YWHAH). YWHAH protein binding site for gremlin 1 was located between residues 61-80 and gremlin 1 binding site for YWHAH was found to be located between residues 1 to 67. CONCLUSION Gremlin 1 may play an oncogenic role especially in carcinomas of the uterine cervix, lung, ovary, kidney, breast, colon, pancreas, and sarcoma. Over-expressed gremlin 1 functions by interaction with YWHAH. Therefore, Gremlin 1 and its binding protein YWHAH could be good targets for developing diagnostic and therapeutic strategies against human cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Namkoong
- Molecular Genetic Laboratory, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-040, Korea
| | - Seung Min Shin
- Molecular Genetic Laboratory, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-040, Korea
| | - Hyun Kee Kim
- Molecular Genetic Laboratory, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-040, Korea
| | - Seon-Ah Ha
- Molecular Genetic Laboratory, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-040, Korea
| | - Goang Won Cho
- Molecular Genetic Laboratory, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-040, Korea
| | - Soo Young Hur
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-040, Korea
| | - Tae Eung Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-040, Korea
| | - Jin Woo Kim
- Molecular Genetic Laboratory, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-040, Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-040, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Chen B, Blair DG, Plisov S, Vasiliev G, Perantoni AO, Chen Q, Athanasiou M, Wu JY, Oppenheim JJ, Yang D. Cutting Edge: Bone Morphogenetic Protein Antagonists Drm/Gremlin and Dan Interact with Slits and Act as Negative Regulators of Monocyte Chemotaxis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2004; 173:5914-7. [PMID: 15528323 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.173.10.5914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Drm/Gremlin and Dan, two homologous secreted antagonists of bone morphogenic proteins, have been shown to regulate early development, tumorigenesis, and renal pathophysiology. In this study, we report that Drm and Dan physically and functionally interact with Slit1 and Slit2 proteins. Drm binding to Slits depends on its glycosylation and is not interfered with by bone morphogenic proteins. Importantly, Drm and Dan function as inhibitors for monocyte migration induced by stromal cell-derived factor 1alpha (SDF-1alpha) or fMLP. The inhibition of SDF-1alpha-induced monocyte chemotaxis by Dan is not due to blocking the binding of SDF-1alpha to its receptor. Thus, the results identify that Drm and Dan can interact with Slit proteins and act as inhibitors of monocyte chemotaxis, demonstrating a previously unidentified biological role for these proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Chen
- Basic Research Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, 1050 Boyles Street, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Winkler DG, Sutherland MK, Geoghegan JC, Yu C, Hayes T, Skonier JE, Shpektor D, Jonas M, Kovacevich BR, Staehling-Hampton K, Appleby M, Brunkow ME, Latham JA. Osteocyte control of bone formation via sclerostin, a novel BMP antagonist. EMBO J 2004; 22:6267-76. [PMID: 14633986 PMCID: PMC291840 DOI: 10.1093/emboj/cdg599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 780] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an unmet medical need for anabolic treatments to restore lost bone. Human genetic bone disorders provide insight into bone regulatory processes. Sclerosteosis is a disease typified by high bone mass due to the loss of SOST expression. Sclerostin, the SOST gene protein product, competed with the type I and type II bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) receptors for binding to BMPs, decreased BMP signaling and suppressed mineralization of osteoblastic cells. SOST expression was detected in cultured osteoblasts and in mineralizing areas of the skeleton, but not in osteoclasts. Strong expression in osteocytes suggested that sclerostin expressed by these central regulatory cells mediates bone homeostasis. Transgenic mice overexpressing SOST exhibited low bone mass and decreased bone strength as the result of a significant reduction in osteoblast activity and subsequently, bone formation. Modulation of this osteocyte-derived negative signal is therapeutically relevant for disorders associated with bone loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David G Winkler
- Department of Gene Function and Target Validation, Celltech R&D, Inc., Bothell, WA 98021, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Chen B, Athanasiou M, Gu Q, Blair DG. Drm/Gremlin transcriptionally activates p21(Cip1) via a novel mechanism and inhibits neoplastic transformation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2002; 295:1135-41. [PMID: 12135612 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-291x(02)00828-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Drm/Gremlin, a member of the Dan family of BMP antagonists, is known to function in early embryonic development, but is also expressed in a tissue-specific fashion in adults and is significantly downregulated in transformed cells. In this report, we demonstrate that overexpression of Drm in the tumor-derived cell lines Daoy (primitive neuroectodermal) and Saos-2 (osteoblastic), either under ecdysone-inducible or constitutive promoters, significantly inhibits tumorigenesis. Furthermore, Drm overexpression in these cells increases the level of p21(Cip1) protein and reduces the level of phosphorylated p42/44 MAP kinase. Finally, our data indicate that Drm can induce p21(Cip1) transcriptionally via a novel pathway that is independent of p53 and the p38 and p42/44 MAP kinases. These results provide evidence that Drm can function as a novel transformation suppressor and suggest that this may occur through its affect on the levels of p21(Cip1) and phosphorylated p42/44 MAPK.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Chen
- Basic Research Laboratory, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Bldg. 469, Rm. 102, Frederick, MD 21702-1201, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Shinbo J, Ozaki T, Nakagawa T, Watanabe KI, Nakamura Y, Yamazaki M, Moriya H, Nakagawara A, Sakiyama S. p73-dependent expression of DAN during cisplatin-induced cell death and osteoblast differentiation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2002; 295:501-7. [PMID: 12150978 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-291x(02)00707-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported that DAN, a founding member of the DAN family of secreted proteins, acts as an inhibitor of cell cycle progression and is closely involved in retinoic acid-induced neuroblastoma differentiation. In this study, we found that DAN as well as p73, the recently identified p53 family member, was up-regulated during osteoblast differentiation. Additionally, the expression of DAN was increased in response to cisplatin-induced cell death of neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Consistent with the previous reports, p73 was accumulated after the treatment with cisplatin. Intriguingly, we found a putative p53/p73-binding site in the 5'-upstream region of the human DAN gene. A luciferase reporter assay and an in vitro DNA-binding experiment revealed that this canonical p53/p73-binding site was a functional responsive element and was specific for p73. Our results suggest that there exists a functional association between DAN and p73 during osteoblast differentiation as well as cisplatin-induced cell death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Shinbo
- Division of Biochemistry, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, 666-2 Nitona, Chuoh-ku, Chiba 260-8717, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|