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Robertson K, Hahn O, Robinson BG, Faruk AT, Janakiraman M, Namkoong H, Kim K, Ye J, Bishop ES, Hall RA, Wyss-Coray T, Becker LS, Kaltschmidt JA. Gpr37 modulates the severity of inflammation-induced GI dysmotility by regulating enteric reactive gliosis. bioRxiv 2024:2024.04.09.588619. [PMID: 38645163 PMCID: PMC11030428 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.09.588619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
The enteric nervous system (ENS) is contained within two layers of the gut wall and is made up of neurons, immune cells, and enteric glia cells (EGCs) that regulate gastrointestinal (GI) function. EGCs in both inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) change in response to inflammation, referred to as reactive gliosis. Whether EGCs restricted to a specific layer or region within the GI tract alone can influence intestinal immune response is unknown. Using bulk RNA-sequencing and in situ hybridization, we identify G-protein coupled receptor Gpr37 , as a gene expressed only in EGCs of the myenteric plexus, one of the two layers of the ENS. We show that Gpr37 contributes to key components of LPS-induced reactive gliosis including activation of NF-kB and IFN-y signaling and response genes, lymphocyte recruitment, and inflammation-induced GI dysmotility. Targeting Gpr37 in EGCs presents a potential avenue for modifying inflammatory processes in the ENS.
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Bishop ES, Namkoong H, Aurelian L, McCarthy M, Nallagatla P, Zhou W, Neshatian L, Gurland B, Habtezion A, Becker L. Age-dependent Microglial Disease Phenotype Results in Functional Decline in Gut Macrophages. Gastro Hep Adv 2022; 2:261-276. [PMID: 36908772 PMCID: PMC10003669 DOI: 10.1016/j.gastha.2022.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Muscularis macrophages (MMs) are tissue-resident macrophages in the gut muscularis externa which play a supportive role to the enteric nervous system. We have previously shown that age-dependent MM alterations drive low-grade enteric nervous system inflammation, resulting in neuronal loss and disruption of gut motility. The current studies were designed to identify the MM genetic signature involved in these changes, with particular emphasis on comparison to genes in microglia, the central nervous system macrophage population involved in age-dependent cognitive decline. METHODS Young (3 months) and old (16-24 months) C57BL/6 mice and human tissue were studied. Immune cells from mouse small intestine, colon, and spinal cord and human colon were dissociated, immunophenotyped by flow cytometry, and examined for gene expression by single-cell RNA sequencing and quantitative real-time PCR. Phagocytosis was assessed by in vivo injections of pHrodo beads (Invitrogen). Macrophage counts were performed by immunostaining of muscularis whole mounts. RESULTS MMs from young and old mice express homeostatic microglial genes, including Gpr34, C1qc, Trem2, and P2ry12. An MM subpopulation that becomes more abundant with age assumes a geriatric state (GS) phenotype characterized by increased expression of disease-associated microglia genes including Cd9, Clec7a, Itgax (CD11c), Bhlhe40, Lgals3, IL-1β, and Trem2 and diminished phagocytic activity. Acquisition of the GS phenotype is associated with clearance of α-synuclein aggregates. Human MMs demonstrate a similar age-dependent acquisition of the GS phenotype associated with intracellular α-synuclein accumulation. CONCLUSION MMs demonstrate age-dependent genetic changes that mirror the microglial disease-associated microglia phenotype and result in functional decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estelle Spear Bishop
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Hong Namkoong
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Laure Aurelian
- Stanford University School of Medicine OFDD, Stanford, California
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Madison McCarthy
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Pratima Nallagatla
- Stanford Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Wenyu Zhou
- Stanford Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Leila Neshatian
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Brooke Gurland
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Aida Habtezion
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Laren Becker
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California
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Lee B, Namkoong H, Yang Y, Huang H, Heller D, Szot GL, Davis MM, Husain SZ, Pandol SJ, Bellin MD, Habtezion A. Single-cell sequencing unveils distinct immune microenvironments with CCR6-CCL20 crosstalk in human chronic pancreatitis. Gut 2022; 71:1831-1842. [PMID: 34702715 PMCID: PMC9105403 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2021-324546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a potentially fatal disease of the exocrine pancreas, with no specific or effective approved therapies. Due to difficulty in accessing pancreas tissues, little is known about local immune responses or pathogenesis in human CP. We sought to characterise pancreatic immune responses using tissues derived from patients with different aetiologies of CP and non-CP organ donors in order to identify key signalling molecules associated with human CP. DESIGN We performed single-cell level cellular indexing of transcriptomes and epitopes by sequencing and T-cell receptor (TCR) sequencing of pancreatic immune cells isolated from organ donors, hereditary and idiopathic patients with CP who underwent total pancreatectomy. We validated gene expression data by performing flow cytometry and functional assays in a second patient with CP cohort. RESULTS Deep single-cell sequencing revealed distinct immune characteristics and significantly enriched CCR6+ CD4+ T cells in hereditary compared with idiopathic CP. In hereditary CP, a reduction in T-cell clonality was observed due to the increased CD4+ T (Th) cells that replaced tissue-resident CD8+ T cells. Shared TCR clonotype analysis among T-cell lineages also unveiled unique interactions between CCR6+ Th and Th1 subsets, and TCR clustering analysis showed unique common antigen binding motifs in hereditary CP. In addition, we observed a significant upregulation of the CCR6 ligand (CCL20) expression among monocytes in hereditary CP as compared with those in idiopathic CP. The functional significance of CCR6 expression in CD4+ T cells was confirmed by flow cytometry and chemotaxis assay. CONCLUSION Single-cell sequencing with pancreatic immune cells in human CP highlights pancreas-specific immune crosstalk through the CCR6-CCL20 axis, a signalling pathway that might be leveraged as a potential future target in human hereditary CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bomi Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA .,Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Hong Namkoong
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Yan Yang
- Stanford Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Huang Huang
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - David Heller
- Department of Surgery, Schulze Diabetes Institute, University of Minnesota Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Gregory L Szot
- Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Mark M Davis
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford Medicine, Stanford, California, USA,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Sohail Z Husain
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Stephen J Pandol
- Basic and Translational Pancreatic Research, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Melena D Bellin
- Department of Surgery, Schulze Diabetes Institute, University of Minnesota Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA,Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical Center and Masonic Children’s Hospital, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Aida Habtezion
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA .,Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
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Kondo Y, Takeshita M, Uwamino Y, Namkoong H, Saito S, Kikuchi J, Hanaoka H, Suzuki K, Hasegawa N, Murata M, Kaneko Y. POS0257 COMPARISON OF SARS-CoV-2 VACCINE RESPONSE IN PATIENTS WITH INFLAMMATORY RHEUMATIC DISEASE; mRNA-1273 VACCINE INDUCES HIGHER HUMORAL IMMUNOGENICITY THAN BNT162b2. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.4214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundThe SARS-CoV-2 messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) and mRNA-1273 (Moderna) have benefitted all countries amid the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) crisis. Whereas both of them have shown efficacy in preventing COVID-19 illness in healthy participants, there is paucity of data about immunogenicity and safety of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines in patients with autoimmune, inflammatory rheumatic disease. Recent observational studies evaluated mainly BNT162b2, suggesting that glucocorticoids, immunosuppressive agents impair SARS-CoV-2 vaccine responses. However, difference in immune reactions and safety between BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 have not been clarified in patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases.ObjectivesTo assess humoral and T cell immune responses and safety profiles after two doses of different mRNA vaccine against SARS-CoV-2; BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273.MethodsWe enrolled consecutive, previously uninfected patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases receiving mRNA vaccine including BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273. Healthy participants receiving BNT162b2 were also recruited as control. Blood samples were obtained 3weeks, 2 months, 3 months, 4 months, and 6 months after second dose of vaccines. We measured titres of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and calculated seroconversion rates to evaluate humoral responses. We also assessed T-cell immunity responses by using interferon releasing assay against SARS-CoV-2 in a part of the patients. Answers to questionnaires about adverse reactions were obtained from participants.ResultsA total of 974 patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases and healthy 630 control participants were enrolled. Among them, 796 patients received BNT162b2, 178 patients received mRNA-1273, and all control participants received BNT162b2. Seroconversion rates and neutralizing antibody titres 3 weeks after vaccination were significantly higher in patients with mRNA-1273 and healthy participants with BNT162b2 compared with patients with BNT162b2; seroconversion rates, 97.2% vs 99.5% vs 83.3%, p<0.001; titers of neutralizing antibodies, 29.4±33.9 IU/mL vs 23.9±14.2 IU/mL vs 10.8±16.5 IU/mL, p<0.001, respectively. On another front, T cell reaction against SARS-CoV-2 was similar in both patients with mRNA-1273 and BNT162b2; interferon gamma levels for antigen 1, 1.2±2.1 IU/mL vs 0.8±2.5 IU/mL, p=0.23; and for antigen 2, 1.4±1.9 IU/mL vs 1.0±2.1 IU/mL, p=0.11, respectively. Regarding adverse reaction of each mRNA vaccine, the frequency of systemic adverse reactions including fever and general fatigue are also significantly higher in patients with mRNA-1273 and healthy controls than patients with BNT162b2; fever, 48.0% vs 44.9% vs 10.2%, p<0.001; general fatigue, 70.4% vs 61.8% vs 31.2%, p<0.001, respectively). In longitudinal measurement, neutralizing antibody titres in patients with BNT162b2 were decreased more rapidly than those in healthy controls; 3.3±3.2 IU/mL in patients with BNT162b2 at 4 months and 3.2±4.7 IU/mL in healthy controls with BNT162b2 at 6 months. We identified age, glucocorticoid dose (prednisolone > 7.5mg), use of immunosuppressants including methotrexate, mycophenolate, cyclophosphamide, and tacrolimus are associated with rapid attenuation of humoral responses in patients with BNT162b2.ConclusionOur results demonstrated a significant higher humoral immunogenicity and frequency of systemic adverse reaction of the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-1273 (Moderna) compared with the BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) in inflammatory rheumatic disease patients. Glucocorticoid and immunosuppressive agents impaired induction and sustention of neutralizing antibody, and earlier third booster vaccination may be required within 4 months, especially for those receiving BNT162b2.References[1]Steensels D, Pierlet N, Penders J et al. JAMA. 2021;326(15):1533–1535.[2]Friedman MA, Curtis JR and Winthrop KL. Ann Rheum Dis 2021;80:1255–1265.Disclosure of InterestsNone declared
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Swaminathan G, Nguyen LP, Namkoong H, Pan J, Haileselassie Y, Patel A, Ji AR, Mikhail DM, Dinh TT, Singh H, Liao B, Vázquez-Montesino LM, Butcher EC, Habtezion A. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor regulates expression of mucosal trafficking receptor GPR15. Mucosal Immunol 2021; 14:852-861. [PMID: 33674764 PMCID: PMC7934811 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-021-00390-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
GPR15 is a chemoattractant receptor that facilitates colon homing of regulatory and effector CD4+ T cells in health and colitis. The molecular mechanisms that control GPR15 expression are not fully known. Here we report the presence of two highly conserved aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) binding sequences in a 3' enhancer of GPR15, leading us to investigate AHR function in regulating GPR15 expression. Using luciferase reporter assays, we show that AHR activation increased GPR15 expression and requires both the AHR binding sites. Consistent with a transcriptional regulatory role, treatment with AHR agonists induce GPR15 expression on human CD4+ T cells. Using AHR-deficient mice, we demonstrate that the lack of AHR signaling drastically reduces GPR15 expression on effector/memory and Foxp3+ CD4+ T cells. In mixed bone marrow chimeras of AHR-deficient and wildtype cells, GPR15 expression was similarly diminished on AHR-deficient CD4+ effector/memory and regulatory T cells in the colon and small intestine. Furthermore, administration of AHR agonists upregulated GPR15 expression on CD4+ effector/memory T cells and increased their homing capability, especially to the colon. Collectively, our studies reveal a novel function of the AHR in regulation of GPR15 expression and increased colon trafficking of CD4+ T cells expressing GPR15.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayathri Swaminathan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Linh P Nguyen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Hong Namkoong
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Junliang Pan
- The Center for Molecular Biology and Medicine, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System and The Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Yeneneh Haileselassie
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Akshar Patel
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Allison R Ji
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - David M Mikhail
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Theresa Thanh Dinh
- The Center for Molecular Biology and Medicine, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System and The Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Laboratory of Immunology and Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Harpriya Singh
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Bryce Liao
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Luis M Vázquez-Montesino
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Eugene C Butcher
- The Center for Molecular Biology and Medicine, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System and The Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Laboratory of Immunology and Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Aida Habtezion
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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Gottfried-Blackmore A, Namkoong H, Adler E, Martin B, Gubatan J, Fernandez-Becker N, Clarke JO, Idoyaga J, Nguyen L, Habtezion A. Gastric Mucosal Immune Profiling and Dysregulation in Idiopathic Gastroparesis. Clin Transl Gastroenterol 2021; 12:e00349. [PMID: 33979305 PMCID: PMC8132986 DOI: 10.14309/ctg.0000000000000349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION It is unclear how immune perturbations may influence the pathogenesis of idiopathic gastroparesis, a prevalent functional disorder of the stomach which lacks animal models. Several studies have noted altered immune characteristics in the deep gastric muscle layer associated with gastroparesis, but data are lacking for the mucosal layer, which is endoscopically accessible. We hypothesized that immune dysregulation is present in the gastroduodenal mucosa in idiopathic gastroparesis and that specific immune profiles are associated with gastroparesis clinical parameters. METHODS In this cross-sectional prospective case-control study, routine endoscopic biopsies were used for comprehensive immune profiling by flow cytometry, multicytokine array, and gene expression in 3 segments of the stomach and the duodenal bulb. Associations of immune endpoints with clinical parameters of gastroparesis were also explored. RESULTS The gastric mucosa displayed large regional variation of distinct immune profiles. Furthermore, several-fold increases in innate and adaptive immune cells were found in gastroparesis. Various immune cell types showed positive correlations with duration of disease, proton pump inhibitor dosing, and delayed gastric emptying. DISCUSSION This initial observational study showed immune compartmentalization of the human stomach mucosa and significant immune dysregulation at the level of leukocyte infiltration in idiopathic gastroparesis patients that extends to the duodenum. Select immune cells, such as macrophages, may correlate with clinicopathological traits of gastroparesis. This work supports further mucosal studies to advance our understanding of gastroparesis pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hong Namkoong
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology,
Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
| | - Emerald Adler
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine,
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Brock Martin
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University,
Stanford, USA
| | - John Gubatan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology,
Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
| | - Nielsen Fernandez-Becker
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology,
Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
| | - John O. Clarke
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology,
Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
| | - Juliana Idoyaga
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford
University School of Medicine, Stanford, USA
| | - Linda Nguyen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology,
Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
| | - Aida Habtezion
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology,
Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
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Lee B, Adamska JZ, Namkoong H, Bellin MD, Wilhelm J, Szot GL, Louis DM, Davis MM, Pandol SJ, Habtezion A. Distinct immune characteristics distinguish hereditary and idiopathic chronic pancreatitis. J Clin Invest 2021; 130:2705-2711. [PMID: 32053120 DOI: 10.1172/jci134066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is considered an irreversible fibroinflammatory pancreatic disease. Despite numerous animal model studies, questions remain about local immune characteristics in human CP. We profiled pancreatic immune cell characteristics in control organ donors and CP patients including those with hereditary and idiopathic CP undergoing total pancreatectomy with islet autotransplantation. Flow cytometric analysis revealed a significant increase in the frequency of CD68+ macrophages in idiopathic CP. In contrast, hereditary CP samples showed a significant increase in CD3+ T cell frequency, which prompted us to investigate the T cell receptor β (TCRβ) repertoire in the CP and control groups. TCRβ sequencing revealed a significant increase in TCRβ repertoire diversity and reduced clonality in both CP groups versus controls. Interestingly, we observed differences in Vβ-Jβ gene family usage between hereditary and idiopathic CP and a positive correlation of TCRβ rearrangements with disease severity scores. Immunophenotyping analyses in hereditary and idiopathic CP pancreases indicate differences in innate and adaptive immune responses, which highlights differences in immunopathogenic mechanisms of disease among subtypes of CP. TCR repertoire analysis further suggests a role for specific T cell responses in hereditary versus idiopathic CP pathogenesis, providing insights into immune responses associated with human CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bomi Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University Medical School, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Julia Z Adamska
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University Medical School, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Hong Namkoong
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University Medical School, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Melena D Bellin
- Schulze Diabetes Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical Center and Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Josh Wilhelm
- Schulze Diabetes Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Gregory L Szot
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | - Mark M Davis
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology.,Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, and.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI), Stanford University Medical School, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Stephen J Pandol
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Aida Habtezion
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University Medical School, Stanford, California, USA.,Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, and
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Ebina-Shibuya R, Namkoong H, Shibuya Y, Horita N. Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) with COVID-19: Insights from simultaneous familial Kawasaki Disease cases. Int J Infect Dis 2020; 97:371-373. [PMID: 32553716 PMCID: PMC7293840 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, an increasing number of SARS-CoV-2 patients with COVID-19 syndrome, which overlaps with Kawasaki Disease (KD), have been reported, supporting the suggestion that infection is one of the triggers of KD. We summarized the reports of simultaneous familial KD cases to better understand the etiopathogenesis of both KD and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) related to COVID-19. Here we discuss the etiology of these syndromes from the point of view of infection and genetic susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ebina-Shibuya
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - H Namkoong
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Y Shibuya
- Women's Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - N Horita
- Department of Pulmonology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
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Affiliation(s)
- H Namkoong
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - N Horita
- Department of Pulmonology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - R Ebina-Shibuya
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Immunology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA, ,
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10
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Sinha SR, Haileselassie Y, Nguyen LP, Tropini C, Wang M, Becker LS, Sim D, Jarr K, Spear ET, Singh G, Namkoong H, Bittinger K, Fischbach MA, Sonnenburg JL, Habtezion A. Dysbiosis-Induced Secondary Bile Acid Deficiency Promotes Intestinal Inflammation. Cell Host Microbe 2020; 27:659-670.e5. [PMID: 32101703 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2020.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 352] [Impact Index Per Article: 88.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Secondary bile acids (SBAs) are derived from primary bile acids (PBAs) in a process reliant on biosynthetic capabilities possessed by few microbes. To evaluate the role of BAs in intestinal inflammation, we performed metabolomic, microbiome, metagenomic, and transcriptomic profiling of stool from ileal pouches (surgically created resevoirs) in colectomy-treated patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) versus controls (familial adenomatous polyposis [FAP]). We show that relative to FAP, UC pouches have reduced levels of lithocholic acid and deoxycholic acid (normally the most abundant gut SBAs), genes required to convert PBAs to SBAs, and Ruminococcaceae (one of few taxa known to include SBA-producing bacteria). In three murine colitis models, SBA supplementation reduces intestinal inflammation. This anti-inflammatory effect is in part dependent on the TGR5 bile acid receptor. These data suggest that dysbiosis induces SBA deficiency in inflammatory-prone UC patients, which promotes a pro-inflammatory state within the intestine that may be treated by SBA restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidhartha R Sinha
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Yeneneh Haileselassie
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Linh P Nguyen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Carolina Tropini
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Laren S Becker
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Davis Sim
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Karolin Jarr
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Estelle T Spear
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Gulshan Singh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Hong Namkoong
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Kyle Bittinger
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Michael A Fischbach
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Justin L Sonnenburg
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Aida Habtezion
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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11
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Asakura T, Ishii M, Ishii K, Suzuki S, Namkoong H, Okamori S, Kamata H, Yagi K, Funatsu Y, Betsuyaku T, Hasegawa N. Health-related QOL of elderly patients with pulmonary M. avium complex disease in a university hospital. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2019; 22:695-703. [PMID: 29862956 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.17.0433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the clinical characteristics and health-related quality of life (HQOL) of elderly patients with pulmonary Mycobacterium avium complex (pMAC) disease. OBJECTIVES To evaluate HQOL using the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey and St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) and to investigate the predictors of HQOL changes among elderly patients with pMAC disease. METHODS This prospective cohort registry was conducted at Keio University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan, between May 2012 and July 2015 and included 84 patients with pMAC disease aged 75 years who had completed the HQOL questionnaire and 48 patients with pMAC disease who had been followed up and completed the HQOL questionnaire in cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses, respectively. RESULTS In cross-sectional analyses, elderly patients with pMAC disease had significantly lower role-physical, general health, vitality, social functioning, role-emotional and role/social component scores than the general Japanese elderly population. Analysis of covariance revealed that patients with cavitary lesions had significantly worse physical functioning and SGRQ scores (P < 0.05). Longitudinal analysis showed that under-treatment, short duration of disease and positive sputum smear at baseline were predictors of worse HQOL at 12 months. CONCLUSIONS Elderly patients with pMAC disease have reduced HQOL. Further large studies on HQOL are required to refine the use of this parameter in the treatment of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Asakura
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo
| | - M Ishii
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo
| | - K Ishii
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo
| | - S Suzuki
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo
| | - H Namkoong
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Eiju General Hospital, Tokyo
| | - S Okamori
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo
| | - H Kamata
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo
| | - K Yagi
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo
| | - Y Funatsu
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo
| | - T Betsuyaku
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo
| | - N Hasegawa
- Center for Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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12
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Namkoong H, Asakura T, Ishii M, Yoda S, Masaki K, Sakagami T, Iwasaki E, Yamagishi Y, Kanai T, Betsuyaku T, Hasegawa N. First report of hepatobiliary Mycobacterium avium infection developing obstructive jaundice in a patient with neutralizing anti-interferon-gamma autoantibodies. New Microbes New Infect 2018; 27:4-6. [PMID: 30505452 PMCID: PMC6249401 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
This study describes a patient who experienced hepatobiliary Mycobacterium avium infection associated with neutralizing anti–interferon gamma (IFN-γ) autoantibodies during treatment for disseminated M. avium disease. Hepatobiliary M. avium infection should be considered in jaundiced patients with neutralizing anti–IFN-γ autoantibodies, including those receiving antimycobacterial therapy for disseminated M. avium disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Namkoong
- Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Eiju General Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Asakura
- Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Ishii
- Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Yoda
- JCHO Saitama Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - K Masaki
- Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Sakagami
- Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - E Iwasaki
- Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Yamagishi
- Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Kanai
- Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Betsuyaku
- Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - N Hasegawa
- Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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13
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Horita N, Shibata Y, Watanabe H, Namkoong H, Kaneko T. Comparison of antipseudomonal β-lactams for febrile neutropenia empiric therapy: authors' response. Clin Microbiol Infect 2018; 24:325. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2017.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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14
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Matsuda S, Suzuki S, Morimoto K, Aono A, Nishio K, Asakura T, Sasaki Y, Namkoong H, Nishimura T, Ogata H, Hasegawa N, Kurashima A, Ishii M, Tatsumi K, Mitarai S, Goto H. Mycobacterium triplex pulmonary disease with acquired macrolide resistance in immunocompetent patients. Clin Microbiol Infect 2018; 24:671-672. [PMID: 29309938 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2017.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 12/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Matsuda
- Respiratory Disease Centre, Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Suzuki
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Morimoto
- Respiratory Disease Centre, Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, Tokyo, Japan; Division of Clinical Research, Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - A Aono
- Department of Mycobacterium Reference and Research, The Research Institute of Tuberculosis, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Nishio
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kawasaki Municipal Ida Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - T Asakura
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Sasaki
- Respiratory Disease Centre, Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Namkoong
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Nishimura
- Health Centre, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Ogata
- Respiratory Disease Centre, Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, Tokyo, Japan
| | - N Hasegawa
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A Kurashima
- Respiratory Disease Centre, Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Ishii
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Tatsumi
- Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - S Mitarai
- Department of Mycobacterium Reference and Research, The Research Institute of Tuberculosis, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Goto
- Respiratory Disease Centre, Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, Tokyo, Japan
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15
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Horita N, Shibata Y, Watanabe H, Namkoong H, Kaneko T. Comparison of antipseudomonal β-lactams for febrile neutropenia empiric therapy: systematic review and network meta-analysis. Clin Microbiol Infect 2017; 23:723-729. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2017.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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16
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Watanabe R, Shirai T, Namkoong H, Zhang H, Berry GJ, Wallis BB, Schaefgen B, Harrison DG, Tremmel JA, Giacomini JC, Goronzy JJ, Weyand CM. Pyruvate controls the checkpoint inhibitor PD-L1 and suppresses T cell immunity. J Clin Invest 2017; 127:2725-2738. [PMID: 28604383 PMCID: PMC5490755 DOI: 10.1172/jci92167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) are at high risk for reactivation of the varicella zoster virus (VZV) and development of herpes zoster (HZ). Here, we found that macrophages from patients with CAD actively suppress T cell activation and expansion, leading to defective VZV-specific T cell immunity. Monocyte-derived and plaque-infiltrating macrophages from patients with CAD spontaneously expressed high surface density of the immunoinhibitory ligand programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1), thereby providing negative signals to programmed death-1+ (PD-1+) T cells. We determined that aberrant PD-L1 expression in patient-derived macrophages was metabolically controlled. Oversupply of the glycolytic intermediate pyruvate in mitochondria from CAD macrophages promoted expression of PD-L1 via induction of the bone morphogenetic protein 4/phosphorylated SMAD1/5/IFN regulatory factor 1 (BMP4/p-SMAD1/5/IRF1) signaling pathway. Thus, CAD macrophages respond to nutrient excess by activating the immunoinhibitory PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint, leading to impaired T cell immunity. This finding indicates that metabolite-based immunotherapy may be a potential strategy for restoring adaptive immunity in CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryu Watanabe
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Tsuyoshi Shirai
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hong Namkoong
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Hui Zhang
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Gerald J. Berry
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Barbara B. Wallis
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Benedikt Schaefgen
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - David G. Harrison
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jennifer A. Tremmel
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - John C. Giacomini
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Jörg J. Goronzy
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Cornelia M. Weyand
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
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17
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Choi YW, Kang MC, Seo YB, Namkoong H, Park Y, Choi DH, Suh YS, Lee SW, Sung YC, Jin HT. Intravaginal Administration of Fc-Fused IL7 Suppresses the Cervicovaginal Tumor by Recruiting HPV DNA Vaccine-Induced CD8 T Cells. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 22:5898-5908. [PMID: 27407095 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-16-0423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Revised: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The induction of tissue-localized virus-specific CD8 T-cell response is essential for the development of an effective therapeutic vaccine against genital diseases, such as cervical cancer and genital herpes. Here, we aimed to elucidate the immunologic role of IL7 in the induction of mucosal cellular immunity. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN IL7 was engineered through Fc fusion to enhance mucosal delivery across the genital epithelial barrier. The immunomodulatory role of IL7 was evaluated by monitoring the kinetics of various immune cells and measuring the expression of chemokines and cytokines after intravaginal administration of Fc-fused IL7 (IL7-Fc). The antitumor effects of intramuscular human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA vaccine or topical IL7-Fc alone or in a combinational regimen on mice survival were compared using a orthotopic cervical cancer model. RESULTS Intravaginal treatment of IL7-Fc, but not native IL7, induces upregulation of chemokines (CXCL10, CCL3, CCL4, and CCL5), cytokines (IFNγ, TNFα, IL6, and IL1β), and an adhesion molecule (VCAM-1) in the genital tract, leading to the recruitment of several leukocytes, including CD4, CD8, γδ T cells, and dendritic cells. Importantly, in this murine cervical cancer model, topical administration of IL7-Fc after intramuscular HPV DNA vaccination increases the number of HPV-specific CD8 T cells in the genital mucosa, but not in the spleen, leading to stronger antitumor activity than the HPV DNA vaccine alone. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide an important insight into the immunomodulatory role of IL7-Fc via topical application and the design of therapeutic vaccine regimen that induces effective genital-mucosal CD8 T-cell responses. Clin Cancer Res; 22(23); 5898-908. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Woo Choi
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Cheol Kang
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Bok Seo
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Namkoong
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunji Park
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hoon Choi
- Research Institute, Genexine Inc., Korea Bio Park, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - You Suk Suh
- Research Institute, Genexine Inc., Korea Bio Park, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Woo Lee
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea.,Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Chul Sung
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute, Genexine Inc., Korea Bio Park, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Tak Jin
- Research Institute, Biodion Inc, Korea Bio Park, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
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18
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Yeom J, Kim SJ, Jung H, Namkoong H, Yang J, Hwang BW, Oh K, Kim K, Sung YC, Hahn SK. Supramolecular hydrogels for long-term bioengineered stem cell therapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2015; 4:237-44. [PMID: 25100551 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201400304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Revised: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic hydrogels have been extensively investigated as artificial extracellular matrices (ECMs) for tissue engineering in vitro and in vivo. Crucial challenges for such hydrogels are sustaining long-term cytocompatible encapsulation and providing appropriate cues at the right place and time for spatio-temporal control of the cells. Here, in situ supramolecularly assembled and modularly modified hydrogels for long-term engineered mesenchymal stem cell (eMSC) therapy are reported using cucurbit[6]uril-conjugated hyaluronic acid (CB[6]-HA), diaminohexane conjugated HA (DAH-HA), and drug-conjugated CB[6] (drug-CB[6]). The eMSCs producing enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP) remain alive and emit the fluorescence within CB[6]/DAH-HA hydrogels in mice for more than 60 d. Furthermore, the long-term expression of mutant interleukin-12 (IL-12M) by eMSCs within the supramolecular hydrogels results in effective inhibition of tumor growth with a significantly enhanced survival rate. Taken together, these findings confirm the feasibility of supramolecular HA hydrogels as 3D artificial ECMs for cell therapies and tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junseok Yeom
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu Pohang 790-784 Republic of Korea
| | - Su Jin Kim
- Department of Life Sciences; 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu Pohang 790-784 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuntae Jung
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering; 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu Pohang 790-784 Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Namkoong
- Department of Life Sciences; 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu Pohang 790-784 Republic of Korea
| | - Jeonga Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu Pohang 790-784 Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Woo Hwang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu Pohang 790-784 Republic of Korea
| | - Kyunghoon Oh
- Department of Chemistry; Division of Advanced Materials Science; Center for Self-assembly and Complexity; Institute for Basic Science (IBS); 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu Pohang 790-784 Republic of Korea
| | - Kimoon Kim
- Department of Chemistry; Division of Advanced Materials Science; Center for Self-assembly and Complexity; Institute for Basic Science (IBS); 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu Pohang 790-784 Republic of Korea
| | - Young Chul Sung
- Department of Life Sciences; 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu Pohang 790-784 Republic of Korea
| | - Sei Kwang Hahn
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu Pohang 790-784 Republic of Korea
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19
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Yeom J, Kim SJ, Jung H, Namkoong H, Yang J, Hwang BW, Oh K, Kim K, Sung YC, Hahn SK. Stem Cells: Supramolecular Hydrogels for Long-Term Bioengineered Stem Cell Therapy (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 2/2015). Adv Healthc Mater 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201570014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junseok Yeom
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu Pohang 790-784 Republic of Korea
| | - Su Jin Kim
- Department of Life Sciences; 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu Pohang 790-784 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuntae Jung
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering; 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu Pohang 790-784 Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Namkoong
- Department of Life Sciences; 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu Pohang 790-784 Republic of Korea
| | - Jeonga Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu Pohang 790-784 Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Woo Hwang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu Pohang 790-784 Republic of Korea
| | - Kyunghoon Oh
- Department of Chemistry; Division of Advanced Materials Science; Center for Self-assembly and Complexity; Institute for Basic Science (IBS); 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu Pohang 790-784 Republic of Korea
| | - Kimoon Kim
- Department of Chemistry; Division of Advanced Materials Science; Center for Self-assembly and Complexity; Institute for Basic Science (IBS); 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu Pohang 790-784 Republic of Korea
| | - Young Chul Sung
- Department of Life Sciences; 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu Pohang 790-784 Republic of Korea
| | - Sei Kwang Hahn
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu Pohang 790-784 Republic of Korea
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Kim SW, Yang HG, Kang MC, Lee S, Namkoong H, Lee SW, Sung YC. KIAA1114, a full-length protein encoded by the trophinin gene, is a novel surface marker for isolating tumor-initiating cells of multiple hepatocellular carcinoma subtypes. Oncotarget 2015; 5:1226-40. [PMID: 24713374 PMCID: PMC4012722 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.1677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Identification of novel biomarkers for tumor-initiating cells (TICs) is of critical importance for developing diagnostic and therapeutic strategies against cancers. Here we identified the role of KIAA1114, a full-length translational product of the trophinin gene, as a distinctive marker for TICs in human liver cancer by developing a DNA vaccine-induced monoclonal antibody targeting the putative extracellular domain of KIAA1114. Compared with other established markers of liver TICs, KIAA1114 was unique in that its expression was detected in both alpha fetoprotein (AFP)-positive and AFP-negative hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines with the expression levels of KIAA1114 being positively correlated to their tumorigenic potentials. Notably, KIAA1114 expression was strongly detected in primary hepatic tumor, but neither in the adjacent non-tumorous tissue from the same patient nor normal liver tissue. KIAA1114high cells isolated from HCC cell lines displayed TIC-like features with superior functional and phenotypic traits compared to their KIAA1114low counterparts, including tumorigenic abilities in xenotransplantation model, in vitro colony- and spheroid-forming capabilities, expression of stemness-associated genes, and migratory capacity. Our findings not only address the value of a novel antigen, KIAA1114, as a potential diagnostic factor of human liver cancer, but also as an independent biomarker for identifying TIC populations that could be broadly applied to the heterogeneous HCC subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sae Won Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyungbuk, Republic of Korea
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Park SJ, Namkoong H, Doh J, Choi JC, Yang BG, Park Y, Chul Sung Y. Negative role of inducible PD-1 on survival of activated dendritic cells. J Leukoc Biol 2013; 95:621-9. [DOI: 10.1189/jlb.0813443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Namkoong H, Song MY, Seo YB, Choi DH, Kim SW, Im SJ, Sung YC, Park Y. Enhancement of antigen-specific CD8 T cell responses by co-delivery of Fc-fused CXCL11. Vaccine 2013; 32:1205-12. [PMID: 23928465 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.07.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2013] [Revised: 06/27/2013] [Accepted: 07/25/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Chemokines have been known to play an important role in eliciting adaptive immune responses by, selectively attracting the innate cellular components to the site of antigen presentation. In this study, we demonstrated that all three CXCR3 ligands, CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11, could act as a strong, genetic adjuvant. Among them, CXCL11 increased vaccine antigen-specific CD8 T cells, including, several cytokine secretions (IFN-γ and TNF-α) to a greater degree than the other two CXCR3 ligands. Fc-fusion of CXCL11 (CXCL11-Fc) induced similar but slightly higher CD8 T cell response, which, appeared to be antigen- (ovalbumin (OVA) vs. human papillomavirus 16 (HPV16) E7) and vaccine, type- (adenovirus vs. DNA vaccine) independent. In addition, the adjuvant effect of CXCL11-Fc was, further confirmed by suppressing tumor growth and extension of survival rates in a therapeutic tumor, model, which was correlated with enhanced antigen-specific CD8 T cell responses. Interestingly, the, enhanced antigen-specific CD8 T cell responses by co-delivery of CXCL11-Fc were associated with CD8, T cell proliferation, followed by increased total and effector memory T cell frequencies. Taken together, our findings provide a novel role of CXCL11 as a strong genetic adjuvant which might be used to, increase antigen-specific CD8 T cell immunity elicited by vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Namkoong
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Young Song
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Bok Seo
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hoon Choi
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Sae Won Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Jin Im
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Chul Sung
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea; Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yunji Park
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea.
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Funatsu Y, Hasegawa N, Namkoong H, Asami T, Fujiwara H, Kimizuka Y, Tasaka S, Ishii M, Saito F, Yagi K, Betsuyaku T, Iwata S. P24 Pharmacokinetics of peramivir in upper and lower airway epithelia and plasma. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-8579(13)70269-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Namkoong H, Ishii M, Fujii H, Asami T, Yagi K, Fujiwara H, Saitoh F, Tasaka S, Hasegawa N, Koyasu S, Betsuyaku T. P12 Clarithromycin expands CD11b+Gr–1+ cells to protect against LPS-induced lethal shock and polymicrobial sepsis. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-8579(13)70257-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Kimizuka Y, Asami T, Ishii M, Tasaka S, Namkoong H, Fujiwara H, Funatsu Y, Abe T, Iwata S, Sato Y, Betsuyaku T, Hasegawa N. P298 Clinical and radiological features of Mycobacterium avium complex lung disease observed without chemotherapy. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-8579(13)70539-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Ha SA, Shin SM, Kim HK, Kim S, Namkoong H, Lee YS, Kim HJ, Jung SM, Lee YS, Chung YJ, Park YG, Jung SS, Kim JW. Dual action of apolipoprotein E-interacting HCCR-1 oncoprotein and its implication for breast cancer and obesity. J Cell Mol Med 2011. [PMID: 20196787 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2008.00652.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Obese women have an increased risk for post-menopausal breast cancer. The physiological mechanism by which obesity contributes to breast tumourigenesis is not understood. We previously showed that HCCR-1 oncogene contributes to breast tumourigenesis as a negative regulator of p53 and detection of HCCR-1 serological level was useful for the diagnosis of breast cancer(.) In this study, we found that the HCCR-1 level is elevated in breast cancer tissues and cell lines compared to normal breast tissues. We identified apolipoprotein E (ApoE) interacting with HCCR-1. Our data show that HCCR-1 inhibits anti-proliferative effect of ApoE, which was mediated by diminishing ApoE secretion of breast cancer cells. Finally, HCCR-1 induced the severe obesity in transgenic mice. Those obese mice showed severe hyperlipidaemia. In conclusion, our results suggest that HCCR-1 might play a role in the breast tumourigenesis while the overexpression of HCCR-1 induces the obesity probably by inhibiting the cholesterol-lowering effect of ApoE. Therefore, HCCR-1 seems to provide the molecular link between the obesity and the breast cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon-Ah Ha
- Molecular Genetic Laboratory, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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Ha SA, Shin SM, Kim HK, Kim S, Namkoong H, Lee YS, Kim HJ, Jung SM, Lee YS, Chung YJ, Park YG, Jung SS, Kim JW. Dual action of apolipoprotein E-interacting HCCR-1 oncoprotein and its implication for breast cancer and obesity. J Cell Mol Med 2011; 13:3868-75. [PMID: 20196787 PMCID: PMC4516534 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2009.00652.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Obese women have an increased risk for post-menopausal breast cancer. The physiological mechanism by which obesity contributes to breast tumourigenesis is not understood. We previously showed that HCCR-1 oncogene contributes to breast tumourigenesis as a negative regulator of p53 and detection of HCCR-1 serological level was useful for the diagnosis of breast cancer. In this study, we found that the HCCR-1 level is elevated in breast cancer tissues and cell lines compared to normal breast tissues. We identified apolipoprotein E (ApoE) interacting with HCCR-1. Our data show that HCCR-1 inhibits anti-proliferative effect of ApoE, which was mediated by diminishing ApoE secretion of breast cancer cells. Finally, HCCR-1 induced the severe obesity in transgenic mice. Those obese mice showed severe hyperlipidaemia. In conclusion, our results suggest that HCCR-1 might play a role in the breast tumourigenesis while the overexpression of HCCR-1 induces the obesity probably by inhibiting the cholesterol-lowering effect of ApoE. Therefore, HCCR-1 seems to provide the molecular link between the obesity and the breast cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon-Ah Ha
- Molecular Genetic Laboratory, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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Ha SA, Lee YS, Shin SM, Kim HK, Kim S, Namkoong H, Kim HJ, Jung SM, Lee YS, Chung YJ, Jung SS, Kim JW. Oncoprotein HCCR-1 expression in breast cancer is well correlated with known breast cancer prognostic factors including the HER2 overexpression, p53 mutation, and ER/PR status. BMC Cancer 2009; 9:51. [PMID: 19208263 PMCID: PMC2672955 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-9-51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2008] [Accepted: 02/11/2009] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Oncoprotein HCCR-1 functions as a negative regulator of the p53 and contributes breast tumorigenesis. The serum HCCR-1 assay is useful in diagnosing breast cancer and mice transgenic for HCCR developed breast cancers. But it is unknown how HCCR-1 contributes to human breast tumorigenesis. Methods Oncogene HCCR-1 expression levels were determined in normal breast tissues, breast cancer tissues and cancer cell lines. We examined whether HCCR-1 protein expression in breast cancer is related to different biological characteristics, including ER, PR, p53 genotype, and HER2 status in 104 primary breast cancer tissues using immunohistochemical analyses. Results HCCR-1 was upregulated in breast cancer cells and tissues compared with normal breast tissues. In this study, overexpression of HCCR-1 was well correlated with known breast cancer prognostic markers including the presence of steroid receptors (ER and PR), p53 mutation and high HER2 overexpression. HCCR-1 was not detected in the ER-negative, PR-negative, p53 negative and low HER2 breast cancer tissues. These data indicate that the level of HCCR-1 in breast cancer tissues is relatively well correlated with known breast cancer factors, including the HER2 overexpression, p53 mutation, and ER/PR status. Conclusion Determination of HCCR-1 levels as options for HER2 testing is promising although it needs further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon-Ah Ha
- Department of Molecular Genetic Laboratory, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
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Jung SM, Lee K, Lee JW, Namkoong H, Kim HK, Kim S, Na HR, Ha SA, Kim JR, Ko J, Kim JW. Both plasma retinol-binding protein and haptoglobin precursor allele 1 in CSF: Candidate biomarkers for the progression of normal to mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer's disease. Neurosci Lett 2008; 436:153-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2008.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2007] [Revised: 03/04/2008] [Accepted: 03/05/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Ha SA, Shin SM, Lee YJ, Kim S, Kim HK, Namkoong H, Lee H, Lee YS, Cho YS, Park YG, Jeon HM, Oh C, Kim JW. HCCRBP-1 directly interacting with HCCR-1 induces tumorigenesis through P53 stabilization. Int J Cancer 2008; 122:501-8. [PMID: 17943721 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.23146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Oncogene HCCR-1 functions as a negative regulator of the p53 and contributes to tumorigenesis of various human tissues. HCCR transgenic mice developed breast cancers but it is unknown how HCCR-1 contributes to human tumorigenesis. This study identified a HCCR-1-binding protein 1 (HCCRBP-1) as an HCCR binding partner by performing yeast two hybrid screening. Their endogenous interaction was further confirmed by coimmunoprecipitation experiments. These two proteins colocalized in the mitochondria. HCCRBP-1 was overexpressed in various human tumors. In addition, HCCRBP-1 alone converted NIH/3T3 cells into tumor cells in combination with no other oncogenes. HCCRBP-1 induced tumorigenesis by markedly activating PKC activities but decreasing the pro-apoptotic PKC alpha and PKC delta isoform levels. We observed that p53 stabilization also occurred with functional impairment in HCCRBP-1-transfected 293 cells, as indicated by defective induction of p21, MDM2 and bax. Indeed, HCCRBP-1 decreased p21 promoter activity probably via p53 stabilization leading to the defective function. These results indicate that HCCRBP-1 oncogene induces p53 stabilization and thereby contributes to tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon-Ah Ha
- Molecular Genetic Laboratory, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-040, Korea
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Chung YJ, Kim TM, Kim DW, Namkoong H, Kim HK, Ha SA, Kim S, Shin SM, Kim JH, Lee YJ, Kang HM, Kim JW. Gene expression signatures associated with the resistance to imatinib. Leukemia 2006; 20:1542-50. [PMID: 16855633 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2404310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Imatinib (imatinib mesylate, STI-571, Gleevec) is a selective BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitor that has been used as a highly effective chemoagent for treating chronic myelogenous leukemia. However, the initial response to imatinib is often followed by the recurrence of a resistant form of the disease, which is major obstacle to many therapeutic modalities. The aim of this study was to identify the gene expression signatures that confer resistance to imatinib. A series of four resistant K562 sublines was established with different imatinib dosage (200, 400, 600 and 800 nM) and analyzed using microarray technology. The transcripts of the genes showing universal or dose-dependent expression changes across the resistant sublines were identified. The gene sets associated with the imatinib-resistance were also identified using gene set enrichment analysis. In the resistant K562 sublines, the transcription- and apoptosis-related expression signatures were upregulated, whereas those related to the protein and energy metabolism were downregulated. Several genes identified in this study such as IGF1 and RAB11A have the potential to become surrogate markers useful in a clinical evaluation of imatinib-resistant patients without BCR-ABL mutation. The expression signatures identified in this study provide insights into the mechanism of imatinib-resistance and are expected to facilitate the development of an effective diagnostic and therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-J Chung
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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Cho GW, Shin SM, Namkoong H, Kim HK, Ha SA, Hur SY, Kim TE, Chai YG, Kim JW. The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt pathway regulates the HCCR-1 oncogene expression. Gene 2006; 384:18-26. [PMID: 16949218 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2006.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2006] [Revised: 06/30/2006] [Accepted: 07/04/2006] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The human cervical cancer oncogene HCCR-1 is overexpressed in various human cancers, and might function as a negative regulator of the p53 tumor suppressor. To determine the regulatory pathway involved in the HCCR-1 gene expression, we searched the 5' flanking region of HCCR-1 and identified HCCR-1 promoter including putative homeodomain protein binding sites. The level of HCCR-1 expression was increased during the mouse embryogenesis. Expression of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) in NIH/3T3 cells activated the HCCR-1 promoter. This promoter was also activated by wild type Akt but not by dominant negative Akt in K562 cells. In addition, the level of HCCR-1 was decreased by PI3K inhibitor, LY-294002, in a dose dependent manner. Northern blot analysis revealed that the HCCR-1 gene expression was down-regulated by LY-294002. These results suggest that the HCCR-1 oncogene expression was regulated by the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goang-Won Cho
- Molecular Genetic Laboratory, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 137-040, Republic of Korea
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Shin SM, Chung YJ, Oh ST, Jeon HM, Hwang LJ, Namkoong H, Kim HK, Cho GW, Hur SY, Kim TE, Lee YS, Park YG, Ko J, Kim JW. HCCR-1-interacting molecule "deleted in polyposis 1" plays a tumor-suppressor role in colon carcinogenesis. Gastroenterology 2006; 130:2074-86. [PMID: 16762630 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2006.03.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2005] [Accepted: 03/09/2006] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Human cervical cancer oncogene (HCCR-1) has appeared to act as a negative regulator of p53 and contributes to tumorigenesis of various organs including the colon. We identified the HCCR-1 binding protein deleted in polyposis 1 (DP1) and accessed the role of HCCR-1 and DP1 in colon tumorigenesis. METHODS Yeast 2-hybrid was used to identify HCCR-1 interacting proteins. Various molecular biological approaches were used to examine the expression profile of HCCR-1 and DP1, subcellular localization, epitope mapping, the biological role of DP1, and the serum HCCR-1 level. Loss of heterozygosity frequency around DP1 also was examined. RESULTS We identified that HCCR-1 interacted with DP1. These 2 proteins colocalized in mitochondria but the expression of HCCR-1 showed negative correlation with that of DP1 in colorectal cancer (CRC). DP1 played a tumor-suppressor role in colon tumorigenesis (ie, DP1-transfected RKO cells showed growth inhibition, apoptosis, decreased telomerase activity, and up-regulation of p53). These phenomena were reversed when HCCR-1 was overexpressed. Loss of heterozygosity around the DP1 gene was observed frequently (50%) in CRCs. We examined the use of serum HCCR-1 in CRC patients. The sensitivity of HCCR-1 (76.0%) for detecting CRC was proven to be much higher than that of CA19-9 (32.0%). CONCLUSIONS DP1 plays a tumor-suppressor role in CRC. DP1 and HCCR-1 are supposed to regulate each other negatively by interaction, but further study is required to get better insight into the biological significance of the interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Min Shin
- Molecular Genetic Laboratory, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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Jung SS, Park HS, Lee IJ, Namkoong H, Shin SM, Cho GW, Ha SA, Park YG, Lee YS, Ko J, Kim JW. The HCCR oncoprotein as a biomarker for human breast cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2006; 11:7700-8. [PMID: 16278390 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-04-2609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE HCCR oncoprotein is reported to be related to tumorigenesis, including breast cancer, functioning as a negative regulator of p53. Mice transgenic for HCCR developed breast cancers. The objective of this study was to validate the HCCR oncoprotein as a candidate biomarker for breast cancer. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN HCCR expression in breast cancer cells was analyzed by quantitative PCR, ELISA, immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, fluorescence-activated cell sorting, and confocal microscopy. Epitope areas were determined using mass spectrometry through the analysis of time-dependent tryptic fragment patterns of HCCR. HCCR expression profiles in breast cancer patient sera were analyzed, and correlations with clinicopathologic data and carbohydrate antigen 15-3 (CA15-3) levels were determined. RESULTS HCCR was up-regulated in breast cancer cells and tissues. The epitope regions of HCCR recognized by monoclonal antibody (BCS-1) were HFWTPK and QQTDFLDIYHAFR. According to fluorescence-activated cell sorting and confocal microscopic analysis, BCS-1 was bound to HCCR antigen on the cell surface. Serum HCCR concentrations were measured using ELISA from 299 subjects, including 129 patients with breast cancer, 24 patients with benign breast disease, and 158 normal volunteers, and comparisons were made to CA15-3. Serologic studies revealed an 86.8% sensitivity for HCCR in breast cancer, which was higher than 21.0% for CA15-3. Eighty-six of 98 (87.8%) patients with breast cancers that were negative for CA15-3 were positive for HCCR-1. A positive response rate of 83.3% was identified even at early stages for pathologic factors in breast cancer. CONCLUSIONS The HCCR assay has an advantage over CA15-3 in diagnosing breast cancer and detecting early stages of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Seol Jung
- Department of Surgery, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul
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Namkoong H, Shin SM, Kim HK, Ha SA, Cho GW, Hur SY, Kim TE, Kim JW. The bone morphogenetic protein antagonist gremlin 1 is overexpressed in human cancers and interacts with YWHAH protein. BMC Cancer 2006; 6:74. [PMID: 16545136 PMCID: PMC1459871 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-6-74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2005] [Accepted: 03/18/2006] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Basic studies of oncogenesis have demonstrated that either the elevated production of particular oncogene proteins or the occurrence of qualitative abnormalities in oncogenes can contribute to neoplastic cellular transformation. The purpose of our study was to identify an unique gene that shows cancer-associated expression, and characterizes its function related to human carcinogenesis. METHODS We used the differential display (DD) RT-PCR method using normal cervical, cervical cancer, metastatic cervical tissues, and cervical cancer cell lines to identify genes overexpressed in cervical cancers and identified gremlin 1 which was overexpressed in cervical cancers. We determined expression levels of gremlin 1 using Northern blot analysis and immunohistochemical study in various types of human normal and cancer tissues. To understand the tumorigenesis pathway of identified gremlin 1 protein, we performed a yeast two-hybrid screen, GST pull down assay, and immunoprecipitation to identify gremlin 1 interacting proteins. RESULTS DDRT-PCR analysis revealed that gremlin 1 was overexpressed in uterine cervical cancer. We also identified a human gremlin 1 that was overexpressed in various human tumors including carcinomas of the lung, ovary, kidney, breast, colon, pancreas, and sarcoma. PIG-2-transfected HEK 293 cells exhibited growth stimulation and increased telomerase activity. Gremlin 1 interacted with homo sapiens tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein, eta polypeptide (14-3-3 eta; YWHAH). YWHAH protein binding site for gremlin 1 was located between residues 61-80 and gremlin 1 binding site for YWHAH was found to be located between residues 1 to 67. CONCLUSION Gremlin 1 may play an oncogenic role especially in carcinomas of the uterine cervix, lung, ovary, kidney, breast, colon, pancreas, and sarcoma. Over-expressed gremlin 1 functions by interaction with YWHAH. Therefore, Gremlin 1 and its binding protein YWHAH could be good targets for developing diagnostic and therapeutic strategies against human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Namkoong
- Molecular Genetic Laboratory, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-040, Korea
| | - Seung Min Shin
- Molecular Genetic Laboratory, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-040, Korea
| | - Hyun Kee Kim
- Molecular Genetic Laboratory, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-040, Korea
| | - Seon-Ah Ha
- Molecular Genetic Laboratory, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-040, Korea
| | - Goang Won Cho
- Molecular Genetic Laboratory, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-040, Korea
| | - Soo Young Hur
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-040, Korea
| | - Tae Eung Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-040, Korea
| | - Jin Woo Kim
- Molecular Genetic Laboratory, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-040, Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-040, Korea
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Whang WK, Park HS, Ham I, Oh M, Namkoong H, Kim HK, Hwang DW, Hur SY, Kim TE, Park YG, Kim JR, Kim JW. Natural compounds,fraxin and chemicals structurally related to fraxin protect cells from oxidative stress. Exp Mol Med 2005; 37:436-46. [PMID: 16264268 DOI: 10.1038/emm.2005.54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Coumarins comprise a group of natural phenolic compounds found in a variety of plant sources. In view of the established low toxicity, relative cheapness, presence in the diet and occurrence in various herbal remedies of coumarins, it appears prudent to evaluate their properties and applications further. The purpose of this study is to investigate cellular protective activity of coumarin compound, fraxin extracted from Weigela florida var. glabbra, under oxidative stress, to identify genes expressed differentially by fraxin and to compare antioxidative effect of fraxin with its structurally related chemicals. Of the coumarins, protective effects of fraxin against cytotoxicity induced by H2O2 were examined in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Fraxin showed free radical scavenging effect at high concentration (0.5 mM) and cell protective effect against H2O2-mediated oxidative stress. Fraxin recovered viability of HUVECs damaged by H2O2-treatment and reduced the lipid peroxidation and the internal reactive oxygen species level elevated by H2O2 treatment. Differential display reverse transcription-PCR revealed that fraxin upregulated antiapoptotic genes (clusterin and apoptosis inhibitor 5) and tumor suppressor gene (ST13). Based on structural similarity comparing with fraxin, seven chemicals, fraxidin methyl ether (29.4% enhancement of viability), prenyletin (26.4%), methoxsalen (20.8%), diffratic acid (19.9%), rutoside (19.1%), xanthyletin (18.4%), and kuhlmannin (18.2%), enhanced more potent cell viability in the order in comparison with fraxin, which showed only 9.3% enhancement of cell viability. These results suggest that fraxin and fraxin-related chemicals protect HUVECs from oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Kyunn Whang
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 221, Heukseok-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 156-861, Korea
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Whang WK, Park HS, Ham IH, Oh M, Namkoong H, Kim HK, Hwang DW, Hur SY, Kim TE, Park YG, Kim JR, Kim JW. Methyl gallate and chemicals structurally related to methyl gallate protect human umbilical vein endothelial cells from oxidative stress. Exp Mol Med 2005; 37:343-52. [PMID: 16155411 DOI: 10.1038/emm.2005.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Methyl gallate (meGAL) is known as one of major antioxidants. To investigate whether meGAL protects human cells from oxidative stress, meGAL extracted from Korean medicinal plant, Cercis chinensis leaves, was primarily screened using cell viability assay against oxidative stress. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with three different concentrations of meGAL for indicated time. After or during meGAL treatment, H(2)O(2) was added and incubated. meGAL showed free radical scavenging effect at low concentration (0.02 mM) and cell protective effect against H2O2-mediated oxidative stress. meGAL recovered viability of HUVECs damaged by H(2)O(2)-treatment, reduced the lipid peroxidation (LPO) and decreased the internal reactive oxygen species (ROS) level elevated by H(2)O(2)-treatment. Free radical scavenging effect of meGAL was proven to be very high. Differential display reverse transcription-PCR analysis showed that meGAL upregulated the levels of regulator of chromatin condensation 1, type 1 sigma receptor and phosphate carrier protein expressions, respectively. Based on structural similarity compared with meGAL, 14 chemicals were chosen and viability assay was performed. Four chemicals, haematommic acid (56.2% enhancement of viability), gallic acid (35.0%), methylorsellinic acid (23.7%), and syringic acid (20.8%), enhanced more potent cell viability than meGAL, which showed only 18.1% enhancement of cell viability. These results suggest that meGAL and four meGAL-related chemicals protect HUVECs from oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Kyunn Whang
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 221 Heukseok-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 156-755, Korea
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Ha SA, Shin SM, Namkoong H, Lee H, Cho GW, Hur SY, Kim TE, Kim JW. Cancer-Associated Expression ofMinichromosome Maintenance 3Gene in Several Human Cancers and Its Involvement in Tumorigenesis. Clin Cancer Res 2004; 10:8386-95. [PMID: 15623617 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-04-1029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of our study was to identify an unique gene that shows cancer-associated expression, evaluates its potential usefulness in cancer diagnosis, and characterizes its function related to human carcinogenesis. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We used the differential display reverse transcription-PCR method with normal cervical, cervical cancer and metastatic tissues, and cervical cancer cell line to identify genes overexpressed in cancers. RESULTS We identified a minichromosome maintenance 3 (MCM3) gene that was overexpressed in various human cancers, including leukemia, lymphoma, and carcinomas of the uterine cervix, colon, lung, stomach, kidney and breast, and malignant melanoma. Western blot and immunohistochemical analyses also revealed that MCM3 protein was elevated in most of human cancer tissues tested. We compared the MCM3 protein expression levels in human cancers with conventional proliferation markers, Ki-67 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen. MCM3 antibody was the most specific for multiple human cancers, whereas proliferating cell nuclear antigen was relatively less effective in specificity, and Ki-67 failed to detect several human cancers. The down-regulation of MCM3 protein level was examined under serum starvation in both normal and cancer cells. Interestingly, MCM3 protein was stable in MCF-7 breast cancer cells even up to 96 hours after serum starvation, whereas it was gradually degraded in normal BJ fibroblast cells. Nude mice who received injections of HEK 293 cells stably transfected with MCM3 formed tumors in 6 weeks. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicates that determination of MCM3 expression level will facilitate the assessment of many different human malignancies in tumor diagnosis, and MCM3 is involved in multiple types of human carcino-genesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon-Ah Ha
- Molecular Genetic Laboratory, Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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