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Hou L, Yang X, Liu C, Guo J, Shi Y, Sun T, Feng X, Zhou J, Liu J. Heme Oxygenase-1 and Its Metabolites Carbon Monoxide and Biliverdin, but Not Iron, Exert Antiviral Activity against Porcine Circovirus Type 3. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0506022. [PMID: 37140466 PMCID: PMC10269822 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.05060-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Porcine circovirus type 3 (PCV3) is a newly discovered pathogen that causes porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome (PDNS)-like clinical signs, multisystemic inflammation, and reproductive failure. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), a stress-inducible enzyme, exerts protective functions by converting heme into carbon monoxide (CO), biliverdin (BV), and iron. However, the effects of HO-1 and its metabolites on PCV3 replication remain unknown. In this study, experiments involving specific inhibitors, lentivirus transduction, and small interfering RNA (siRNA) transfection revealed that active PCV3 infection reduced HO-1 expression and that the expression of HO-1 negatively regulated virus replication in cultured cells, depending on its enzymatic activity. Subsequently, the effects of the HO-1 metabolites (CO, BV, and iron) on PCV3 infection were investigated. The CO inducers (cobalt protoporphyrin IX [CoPP] or tricarbonyl dichloro ruthenium [II] dimer [CORM-2]) mediate PCV3 inhibition by generating CO, and this inhibition is reversed by hemoglobin (Hb; a CO scavenger). The inhibition of PCV3 replication by BV depended on BV-mediated reactive oxygen species (ROS) reduction, as N-acetyl-l-cysteine affected PCV3 replication while reducing ROS production. The reduction product of BV, bilirubin (BR), specifically promoted nitric oxide (NO) generation and further activated the cyclic GMP/protein kinase G (cGMP/PKG) pathway to attenuate PCV3 infection. Both the iron provided by FeCl3 and the iron chelated by deferoxamine (DFO) with CoPP treatment failed to affect PCV3 replication. Our data demonstrate that the HO-1-CO-cGMP/PKG, HO-1-BV-ROS, and HO-1-BV-BR-NO-cGMP/PKG pathways contribute crucially to the inhibition of PCV3 replication. These results provide important insights regarding preventing and controlling PCV3 infection. IMPORTANCE The regulation of host protein expression by virus infection is the key to facilitating self-replication. As an important emerging pathogen of swine, clarification of the interaction between PCV3 infection and the host enables us to understand the viral life cycle and pathogenesis better. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and its metabolites carbon monoxide (CO), biliverdin (BV), and iron have been demonstrated to involve a wealth of viral replications. Here, we, for the first time, demonstrated that HO-1 expression decreases in PCV3-infected cells and negatively regulates PCV3 replication and that the HO-1 metabolic products CO and BV inhibit PCV3 replication by the CO- or BV/BR/NO-dependent cGMP/PKG pathway or BV-mediated ROS reduction, but the iron (the third metabolic product) does not. Specifically, PCV3 infection maintains normal proliferation by downregulating HO-1 expression. These findings clarify the mechanism by which HO-1 modulates PCV3 replication in cells and provide important targets for preventing and controlling PCV3 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Hou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Changzhe Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jinshuo Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yongyan Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Tong Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xufei Feng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jianwei Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jue Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Szade A, Szade K, Mahdi M, Józkowicz A. The role of heme oxygenase-1 in hematopoietic system and its microenvironment. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:4639-4651. [PMID: 33787980 PMCID: PMC8195762 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03803-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic system transports all necessary nutrients to the whole organism and provides the immunological protection. Blood cells have high turnover, therefore, this system must be dynamically controlled and must have broad regeneration potential. In this review, we summarize how this complex system is regulated by the heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1)-an enzyme, which degrades heme to biliverdin, ferrous ion and carbon monoxide. First, we discuss how HO-1 influences hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) self-renewal, aging and differentiation. We also describe a critical role of HO-1 in endothelial cells and mesenchymal stromal cells that constitute the specialized bone marrow niche of HSC. We further discuss the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which HO-1 modulates innate and adaptive immune responses. Finally, we highlight how modulation of HO-1 activity regulates the mobilization of bone marrow hematopoietic cells to peripheral blood. We critically discuss the issue of metalloporphyrins, commonly used pharmacological modulators of HO-1 activity, and raise the issue of their important HO-1-independent activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Szade
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Krzysztof Szade
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Mahdi Mahdi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Alicja Józkowicz
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
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Fernández-Fierro A, Funes SC, Rios M, Covián C, González J, Kalergis AM. Immune Modulation by Inhibitors of the HO System. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010294. [PMID: 33396647 PMCID: PMC7794909 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The heme oxygenase (HO) system involves three isoforms of this enzyme, HO-1, HO-2, and HO-3. The three of them display the same catalytic activity, oxidating the heme group to produce biliverdin, ferrous iron, and carbon monoxide (CO). HO-1 is the isoform most widely studied in proinflammatory diseases because treatments that overexpress this enzyme promote the generation of anti-inflammatory products. However, neonatal jaundice (hyperbilirubinemia) derived from HO overexpression led to the development of inhibitors, such as those based on metaloproto- and meso-porphyrins inhibitors with competitive activity. Further, non-competitive inhibitors have also been identified, such as synthetic and natural imidazole-dioxolane-based, small synthetic molecules, inhibitors of the enzyme regulation pathway, and genetic engineering using iRNA or CRISPR cas9. Despite most of the applications of the HO inhibitors being related to metabolic diseases, the beneficial effects of these molecules in immune-mediated diseases have also emerged. Different medical implications, including cancer, Alzheimer´s disease, and infections, are discussed in this article and as to how the selective inhibition of HO isoforms may contribute to the treatment of these ailments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayleen Fernández-Fierro
- Millenium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8331150 Santiago, Chile; (A.F.-F.); (M.R.); (C.C.); (J.G.)
| | - Samanta C. Funes
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas-San Luis, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas—Universidad Nacional de San Luis, 5700 San Luis, Argentina;
| | - Mariana Rios
- Millenium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8331150 Santiago, Chile; (A.F.-F.); (M.R.); (C.C.); (J.G.)
| | - Camila Covián
- Millenium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8331150 Santiago, Chile; (A.F.-F.); (M.R.); (C.C.); (J.G.)
| | - Jorge González
- Millenium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8331150 Santiago, Chile; (A.F.-F.); (M.R.); (C.C.); (J.G.)
| | - Alexis M. Kalergis
- Millenium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8331150 Santiago, Chile; (A.F.-F.); (M.R.); (C.C.); (J.G.)
- Departamento de Endocrinología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8331150 Santiago, Chile
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +56-22-686-2842
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Schweikl H, Birke M, Gallorini M, Petzel C, Bolay C, Waha C, Hiller KA, Buchalla W. HEMA-induced oxidative stress inhibits NF-κB nuclear translocation and TNF release from LTA- and LPS-stimulated immunocompetent cells. Dent Mater 2020; 37:175-190. [PMID: 33303231 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2020.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The release of inflammatory cytokines from antigen-stimulated cells of the immune system is inhibited by resin monomers such as 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA). Although the formation of oxidative stress in cells exposed to HEMA is firmly established, the mechanism behind the inhibited cytokine secretion is only partly known. The present investigation presents evidence regarding the role of HEMA-induced oxidative stress in the secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNFα from cells exposed to the antigens LTA (lipoteichoic acid) or LPS (lipopolysaccharide) of cariogenic microorganisms using BSO (L-buthionine sulfoximine) or NAC (N-acetyl cysteine) to inhibit or stabilize the amounts of the antioxidant glutathione. METHOD RAW264.7 mouse macrophages were treated with LTA, LPS or HEMA in the presence of BSO or NAC for 1h or 24h. Secretion of TNFα from cell cultures was analyzed by ELISA, and the formation of reactive oxygen (ROS) or nitrogen species (RNS) was determined by flow cytometry. Protein expression was detected by Western blotting. RESULTS The release of TNFα in both LTA- and LPS-exposed cells was decreased by HEMA, and this concentration-dependent inhibitory effect was amplified by BSO or NAC. LTA- and LPS-stimulated expression of the redox-sensitive transcription factor NF-αB (p65) in cell nuclei decreased in the presence of HEMA because the translocation of p65 from the cytosol was prevented by oxidative stress specifically increased by the monomer. CONCLUSIONS A disturbance of the cellular redox balance, particularly induced by HEMA, is a crucial factor in the inhibition of LTA- and LPS-stimulated signalling pathways leading to TNFα secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helmut Schweikl
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, University of Regensburg, D-93042 Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Margaritha Birke
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, University of Regensburg, D-93042 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Marialucia Gallorini
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, University of Regensburg, D-93042 Regensburg, Germany; Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Christine Petzel
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, University of Regensburg, D-93042 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Carola Bolay
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, University of Regensburg, D-93042 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Waha
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, University of Regensburg, D-93042 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Karl-Anton Hiller
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, University of Regensburg, D-93042 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Buchalla
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, University of Regensburg, D-93042 Regensburg, Germany
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Matino D, Afraz S, Zhao G, Tieu P, Gargaro M, Fallarino F, Iorio A. Tolerance to FVIII: Role of the Immune Metabolic Enzymes Indoleamine 2,3 Dyoxigenase-1 and Heme Oxygenase-1. Front Immunol 2020; 11:620. [PMID: 32351505 PMCID: PMC7174632 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of neutralizing anti-FVIII antibodies is a major complication in the treatment of patients affected by hemophilia A. The immune response to FVIII is a complex, multi-factorial process that has been extensively studied for the past two decades. The reasons why only a proportion of hemophilic patients treated with FVIII concentrates develop a clinically significant immune response is incompletely understood. The "danger theory" has been proposed as a possible explanation to interpret the findings of some observational clinical studies highlighting the possible detrimental impact of inflammatory stimuli at the time of replacement therapy on inhibitor development. The host immune system is often challenged to react to FVIII under steady state or inflammatory conditions (e.g., bleeding, infections) although fine tuning of mechanisms of immune tolerance can control this reactivity and promote long-term unresponsiveness to the therapeutically administered factor. Recent studies have provided evidence that multiple interactions involving central and peripheral mechanisms of tolerance are integrated by the host immune system with the environmental conditions at the time of FVIII exposure and influence the balance between immunity and tolerance to FVIII. Here we review evidences showing the involvement of two key immunoregulatory oxygenase enzymes (IDO1, HO-1) that have been studied in hemophilia patients and pre-clinical models, showing that the ability of the host immune system to induce such regulatory proteins under inflammatory conditions can play important roles in the balance between immunity and tolerance to exogenous FVIII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Matino
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Sajjad Afraz
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - George Zhao
- McMaster Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Paul Tieu
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- McMaster Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Marco Gargaro
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Alfonso Iorio
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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6
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Zhang A, Wan B, Jiang D, Wu Y, Ji P, Du Y, Zhang G. The Cytoprotective Enzyme Heme Oxygenase-1 Suppresses Pseudorabies Virus Replication in vitro. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:412. [PMID: 32231654 PMCID: PMC7082841 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudorabies virus (PRV) infection brings about great economic losses to the swine industry worldwide, as there are currently no effective therapeutic agents or vaccines against this disease, and mutations in endemic wild virulent PRV strains result in immune failure of traditional vaccines. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) catalyzes the conversion of heme into biliverdin (BV), iron and carbon monoxide (CO), all of which have been demonstrated to protect cells from various stressors. However, the role of HO-1 in PRV replication remains unknown. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of HO-1 on PRV replication and determine its underlying molecular mechanisms. The results demonstrated that induction of HO-1 via cobalt-protoporphyrin (CoPP) markedly suppressed PRV replication, while HO-1 specific small interfering RNA or inhibitor zinc-protoporphyrin partially reversed the inhibitory effect of CoPP on PRV replication. Furthermore, overexpression of HO-1 notably inhibited PRV replication, while knockdown of endogenous HO-1 expression promoted PRV replication. Mechanism analyses indicated that the HO-1 downstream metabolites, CO and BV/BR partially mediated the virus suppressive effect of HO-1. Taken together, the results of the present study suggest that HO-1 may be developed as a novel endogenous antiviral factor against PRV, and the HO-1/BV/CO system may constitute a unique antiviral protection network during PRV infection and interaction with host cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angke Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bo Wan
- College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dawei Jiang
- College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanan Wu
- College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Pengchao Ji
- College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yongkun Du
- College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Gaiping Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
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7
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Švajger U, Rožman PJ. Recent discoveries in dendritic cell tolerance-inducing pharmacological molecules. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 81:106275. [PMID: 32044665 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) represent one of the most important biological tools for cellular immunotherapy purposes. There are an increasing number of phase I and II studies, where regulatory or tolerogenic DCs (TolDCs) are utilized as negative vaccines, with the aim of inducing tolerogenic outcomes in patients with various autoimmune or chronic-inflammatory diseases, as well as in transplant settings. The induction of tolerogenic properties in DCs can be achieved by altering their activation state toward expression of immunosuppressive elements and/or by achieving resistance to maturation, which leads to insufficient co-stimulatory signal delivery and inability to efficiently present antigens. In the past, one of the most efficient ways to induce DC tolerance has been the application of selected pharmacological agents which actively induce a tolerogenic transcription program or inhibit major pro-inflammatory transcription factors such as Nf-κB. Important examples include immunosuppressants such as different corticosteroids, vitamin D3, rapamycin and others. The quality of TolDCs induced by different approaches is becoming a vital issue and recent evidence suggests substantial heterogeneity between variously-generated TolDCs as evidenced by their transcriptomic profile and function. The possibility of various "flavors" of TolDCs encourages future research in discovery of Tol-DC inducing agents to enrich various ways of DC manipulation. This would enable a broader range of tools to manipulate DC toward specific characteristics desirable in different disease settings. In recent years, several novel small molecules have been identified with the capacity to promote DC tolerogenic characteristics. In this review, we will present and discuss these novel findings and also highlight novel understandings of tolerogenic mechanisms by which DC tolerogenicity is induced by already established agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urban Švajger
- Blood Transfusion Center of Slovenia, Šlajmerjeva 6, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Primož J Rožman
- Blood Transfusion Center of Slovenia, Šlajmerjeva 6, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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8
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Gallardo V, González M, Toledo F, Sobrevia L. Role of heme oxygenase 1 and human chorionic gonadotropin in pregnancy associated diseases. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165522. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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9
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Ochando J, Ordikhani F, Jordan S, Boros P, Thomson AW. Tolerogenic dendritic cells in organ transplantation. Transpl Int 2019; 33:113-127. [PMID: 31472079 DOI: 10.1111/tri.13504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are specialized cells of the innate immune system that are characterized by their ability to take up, process and present antigens (Ag) to effector T cells. They are derived from DC precursors produced in the bone marrow. Different DC subsets have been described according to lineage-specific transcription factors required for their development and function. Functionally, DCs are responsible for inducing Ag-specific immune responses that mediate organ transplant rejection. Consequently, to prevent anti-donor immune responses, therapeutic strategies have been directed toward the inhibition of DC activation. In addition however, an extensive body of preclinical research, using transplant models in rodents and nonhuman primates, has established a central role of DCs in the negative regulation of alloimmune responses. As a result, DCs have been employed as cell-based immunotherapy in early phase I/II clinical trials in organ transplantation. Together with in vivo targeting through use of myeloid cell-specific nanobiologics, DC manipulation represents a promising approach for the induction of transplantation tolerance. In this review, we summarize fundamental characteristics of DCs and their roles in promotion of central and peripheral tolerance. We also discuss their clinical application to promote improved long-term outcomes in organ transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Ochando
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Immunología de Trasplantes, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Farideh Ordikhani
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stefan Jordan
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Peter Boros
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Angus W Thomson
- Department of Surgery and Department of Immunology, Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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10
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Mukherjee S, Darzi S, Paul K, Werkmeister JA, Gargett CE. Mesenchymal stem cell-based bioengineered constructs: foreign body response, cross-talk with macrophages and impact of biomaterial design strategies for pelvic floor disorders. Interface Focus 2019; 9:20180089. [PMID: 31263531 PMCID: PMC6597526 DOI: 10.1098/rsfs.2018.0089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
An excessive foreign body response (FBR) has contributed to the adverse events associated with polypropylene mesh usage for augmenting pelvic organ prolapse surgery. Consequently, current biomaterial research considers the critical role of the FBR and now focuses on developing better biocompatible biomaterials rather than using inert implants to improve the clinical outcomes of their use. Tissue engineering approaches using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have improved outcomes over traditional implants in other biological systems through their interaction with macrophages, the main cellular player in the FBR. The unique angiogenic, immunomodulatory and regenerative properties of MSCs have a direct impact on the FBR following biomaterial implantation. In this review, we focus on key aspects of the FBR to tissue-engineered MSC-based implants for supporting pelvic organs and beyond. We also discuss the immunomodulatory effects of the recently discovered endometrial MSCs on the macrophage response to new biomaterials designed for use in pelvic floor reconstructive surgery. We conclude with a focus on considerations in biomaterial design that take into account the FBR and will likely influence the development of the next generation of biomaterials for gynaecological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shayanti Mukherjee
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia.,CSIRO Manufacturing, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Saeedeh Darzi
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Kallyanashis Paul
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Jerome A Werkmeister
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia.,CSIRO Manufacturing, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Caroline E Gargett
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
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11
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Pogu J, Tzima S, Kollias G, Anegon I, Blancou P, Simon T. Genetic Restoration of Heme Oxygenase-1 Expression Protects from Type 1 Diabetes in NOD Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20071676. [PMID: 30987262 PMCID: PMC6480274 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Antigen-presenting cells (APCs) including dendritic cells (DCs) play a critical role in the development of autoimmune diseases by presenting self-antigen to T-cells. Different signals modulate the ability of APCs to activate or tolerize autoreactive T-cells. Since the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) by APCs has been associated with the tolerization of autoreactive T-cells, we hypothesized that HO-1 expression might be altered in APCs from autoimmune-prone non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. We found that, compared to control mice, NOD mice exhibited a lower percentage of HO-1-expressing cells among the splenic DCs, suggesting an impairment of their tolerogenic functions. To investigate whether restored expression of HO-1 in APCs could alter the development of diabetes in NOD mice, we generated a transgenic mouse strain in which HO-1 expression can be specifically induced in DCs using a tetracycline-controlled transcriptional activation system. Mice in which HO-1 expression was induced in DCs exhibited a lower Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) incidence and a reduced insulitis compared to non-induced mice. Upregulation of HO-1 in DCs also prevented further increase of glycemia in recently diabetic NOD mice. Altogether, our data demonstrated the potential of induction of HO-1 expression in DCs as a preventative treatment, and potential as a curative approach for T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Pogu
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Nantes, 44000 Nantes, France.
| | - Sotiria Tzima
- Institute of Immunology, Biomedical Sciences Research Centre "Alexander Fleming", Vari, 210 Attica, Greece.
| | - Georges Kollias
- Institute of Immunology, Biomedical Sciences Research Centre "Alexander Fleming", Vari, 210 Attica, Greece.
| | - Ignacio Anegon
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Nantes, 44000 Nantes, France.
| | - Philippe Blancou
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Nantes, 44000 Nantes, France.
- Université Côte d'Azur, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 06560 Valbonne, France.
| | - Thomas Simon
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Nantes, 44000 Nantes, France.
- Université Côte d'Azur, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 06560 Valbonne, France.
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12
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Cheung TS, Dazzi F. Mesenchymal-myeloid interaction in the regulation of immunity. Semin Immunol 2018; 35:59-68. [PMID: 29395680 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Several studies have demonstrated how different cell types of mesenchymal and myeloid origin can independently exhibit immunoregulatory activities. In response to inflammatory cues, they transcribe a molecular repertoire that restores the tissue microenvironment to what it was before the injury. There is accumulating evidence that stromal and myeloid-derived cells do not act independently but that the establishment of a cross-talk between them is a fundamental requirement. Stromal cells, prompted by inflammatory molecules, orchestrate and initiate myeloid cell recruitment and their functional reprogramming. Once instructed, myeloid cells effect the anti-inflammatory activity or, if alternatively required, enhance immune responses. The cross-talk plays a fundamental role in tissue homeostasis, not only to regulate inflammation, but also to promote tissue regeneration and cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tik Shing Cheung
- School of Cancer and Pharmacological Sciences and KHP Cancer Research UK Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Francesco Dazzi
- School of Cancer and Pharmacological Sciences and KHP Cancer Research UK Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
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13
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Espinoza JA, León MA, Céspedes PF, Gómez RS, Canedo-Marroquín G, Riquelme SA, Salazar-Echegarai FJ, Blancou P, Simon T, Anegon I, Lay MK, González PA, Riedel CA, Bueno SM, Kalergis AM. Heme Oxygenase-1 Modulates Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Replication and Lung Pathogenesis during Infection. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 199:212-223. [PMID: 28566367 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1601414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) is the leading cause of severe lower respiratory tract infections in children. The development of novel prophylactic and therapeutic antiviral drugs against hRSV is imperative to control the burden of disease in the susceptible population. In this study, we examined the effects of inducing the activity of the host enzyme heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) on hRSV replication and pathogenesis on lung inflammation induced by this virus. Our results show that after hRSV infection, HO-1 induction with metalloporphyrin cobalt protoporphyrin IX significantly reduces the loss of body weight due to hRSV-induced disease. Further, HO-1 induction also decreased viral replication and lung inflammation, as evidenced by a reduced neutrophil infiltration into the airways, with diminished cytokine and chemokine production and reduced T cell function. Concomitantly, upon cobalt protoporphyrin IX treatment, there is a significant upregulation in the production of IFN-α/β mRNAs in the lungs. Furthermore, similar antiviral and protective effects occur by inducing the expression of human HO-1 in MHC class II+ cells in transgenic mice. Finally, in vitro data suggest that HO-1 induction can modulate the susceptibility of cells, especially the airway epithelial cells, to hRSV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janyra A Espinoza
- Instituto Milenio en Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Miguel A León
- Instituto Milenio en Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Pablo F Céspedes
- Instituto Milenio en Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Roberto S Gómez
- Instituto Milenio en Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Gisela Canedo-Marroquín
- Instituto Milenio en Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Sebastían A Riquelme
- Instituto Milenio en Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Francisco J Salazar-Echegarai
- Instituto Milenio en Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Phillipe Blancou
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes 44093, France
| | - Thomas Simon
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes 44093, France
| | - Ignacio Anegon
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes 44093, France
| | - Margarita K Lay
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Recursos Biológicos, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1270300, Chile
| | - Pablo A González
- Instituto Milenio en Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Claudia A Riedel
- Instituto Milenio en Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas y Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8370134, Chile; and
| | - Susan M Bueno
- Instituto Milenio en Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Alexis M Kalergis
- Instituto Milenio en Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile; .,Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes 44093, France.,Departamento de Endocrinología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
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14
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Cell responses to cariogenic microorganisms and dental resin materials—Crosstalk at the dentin-pulp interface? Dent Mater 2017; 33:514-524. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2017.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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15
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Simon T, Pogu J, Rémy S, Brau F, Pogu S, Maquigneau M, Fonteneau JF, Poirier N, Vanhove B, Blancho G, Piaggio E, Anegon I, Blancou P. Inhibition of effector antigen-specific T cells by intradermal administration of heme oxygenase-1 inducers. J Autoimmun 2017; 81:44-55. [PMID: 28342735 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2017.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Developing protocols aimed at inhibiting effector T cells would be key for the treatment of T cell-dependent autoimmune diseases including type 1 autoimmune diabetes (T1D) and multiple sclerosis (MS). While heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) inducers are clinically approved drugs for non-immune-related diseases, they do have immunosuppressive properties when administered systemically in rodents. Here we show that HO-1 inducers inhibit antigen-specific effector T cells when injected intradermally together with the T cell cognate antigens in mice. This phenomenon was observed in both a CD8+ T cell-mediated model of T1D and in a CD4+ T cell-dependent MS model. Intradermal injection of HO-1 inducers induced the recruitment of HO-1+ monocyte-derived dendritic cell (MoDCs) exclusively to the lymph nodes (LN) draining the site of intradermal injection. After encountering HO-1+MoDCs, effector T-cells exhibited a lower velocity and a reduced ability to migrate towards chemokine gradients resulting in impaired accumulation to the inflamed organ. Intradermal co-injection of a clinically approved HO-1 inducer and a specific antigen to non-human primates also induced HO-1+ MoDCs to accumulate in dermal draining LN and to suppress delayed-type hypersensitivity. Therefore, in both mice and non-human primates, HO-1 inducers delivered locally inhibited effector T-cells in an antigen-specific manner, paving the way for repositioning these drugs for the treatment of immune-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Simon
- Université de Nantes, Inserm, UMR1064, Center for Research in Transplantation and Immunology, 44093, Nantes, France; INRA USC1383, IECM; LUNAM Université, Oniris, Nantes, EA4644, France; Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Julien Pogu
- Université de Nantes, Inserm, UMR1064, Center for Research in Transplantation and Immunology, 44093, Nantes, France
| | - Séverine Rémy
- Université de Nantes, Inserm, UMR1064, Center for Research in Transplantation and Immunology, 44093, Nantes, France
| | - Frédéric Brau
- Université Côte d'Azur, Inserm, CNRS, IPMC, 06560, Valbonne, France
| | - Sylvie Pogu
- INRA USC1383, IECM; LUNAM Université, Oniris, Nantes, EA4644, France
| | - Maud Maquigneau
- Université de Nantes, Inserm, UMR1064, Center for Research in Transplantation and Immunology, 44093, Nantes, France
| | | | - Nicolas Poirier
- Université de Nantes, Inserm, UMR1064, Center for Research in Transplantation and Immunology, 44093, Nantes, France; OSE Immunotherapeutics, 44200 Nantes, France
| | - Bernard Vanhove
- Université de Nantes, Inserm, UMR1064, Center for Research in Transplantation and Immunology, 44093, Nantes, France
| | - Gilles Blancho
- Université de Nantes, Inserm, UMR1064, Center for Research in Transplantation and Immunology, 44093, Nantes, France
| | | | - Ignacio Anegon
- Université de Nantes, Inserm, UMR1064, Center for Research in Transplantation and Immunology, 44093, Nantes, France
| | - Philippe Blancou
- Université de Nantes, Inserm, UMR1064, Center for Research in Transplantation and Immunology, 44093, Nantes, France; Université Côte d'Azur, Inserm, CNRS, IPMC, 06560, Valbonne, France; INRA USC1383, IECM; LUNAM Université, Oniris, Nantes, EA4644, France.
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16
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Carbon Monoxide Inhibits Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Replication by the Cyclic GMP/Protein Kinase G and NF-κB Signaling Pathway. J Virol 2016; 91:JVI.01866-16. [PMID: 27795439 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01866-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) causes significant economic losses to the pork industry worldwide each year. Our previous research demonstrated that heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) can suppress PRRSV replication via an unknown molecular mechanism. In this study, inhibition of PRRSV replication was demonstrated to be mediated by carbon monoxide (CO), a downstream metabolite of HO-1. Using several approaches, we demonstrate that CO significantly inhibited PRRSV replication in both a PRRSV permissive cell line, MARC-145, and the predominant cell type targeted during in vivo PRRSV infection, porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs). Our results showed that CO inhibited intercellular spread of PRRSV; however, it did not affect PRRSV entry into host cells. Furthermore, CO was found to suppress PRRSV replication via the activation of the cyclic GMP/protein kinase G (cGMP/PKG) signaling pathway. CO significantly inhibits PRRSV-induced NF-κB activation, a required step for PRRSV replication. Moreover, CO significantly reduced PRRSV-induced proinflammatory cytokine mRNA levels. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that CO exerts its anti-PRRSV effect by activating the cellular cGMP/PKG signaling pathway and by negatively regulating cellular NF-κB signaling. These findings not only provide new insights into the molecular mechanism of HO-1 inhibition of PRRSV replication but also suggest potential new control measures for future PRRSV outbreaks. IMPORTANCE PRRSV causes great economic losses each year to the swine industry worldwide. Carbon monoxide (CO), a metabolite of HO-1, has been shown to have antimicrobial and antiviral activities in infected cells. Our previous research demonstrated that HO-1 can suppress PRRSV replication. Here we show that endogenous CO produced through HO-1 catalysis mediates the antiviral effect of HO-1. CO inhibits PRRSV replication by activating the cellular cGMP/PKG signaling pathway and by negatively regulating cellular NF-κB signaling. These findings not only provide new insights into the molecular mechanism of HO-1 inhibition of PRRSV replication but also suggest potential new control measures for future PRRSV outbreaks.
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17
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Pósa A, Szabó R, Szalai Z, Kupai K, Deim Z, Murlasits Z, Bencsik O, Szekeres A, Vágvölgyi C, Balogh L, Juhász B, Szilvássy Z, Varga C. The effect of acute ophiobolin A treatment on HO-mediated inflammatory processes. Hum Exp Toxicol 2016; 36:594-602. [PMID: 27402683 DOI: 10.1177/0960327116658107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Many microbial and plant-derived metabolites contribute to the production of inflammatory mediators and the expression of pro-inflammatory molecules. Ophiobolin A (OPA) is a fungal secondary metabolite produced by Bipolaris species. The aim of our study was to examine the acute effects of this compound on inflammatory processes. Male Wistar rats were treated with 5% ethanol, 0.01 mg/kg OPA, 0.1 mg/kg OPA and 1.0 mg/kg OPA per os. After 24 h of the administrations, inflammatory mediators such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) enzyme as well as heme oxygenase (HO) activity were measured in both plasma and cardiac tissue, along with serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). We found that OPA caused a significant elevation in the concentrations of IL-6 and TNF-α, increased MPO activity and decreased HO enzyme activity in the plasma. While OPA induces inflammation in the plasma, it did not change the level of inflammatory mediators in the cardiac tissue and the concentrations of serum ALT and AST. Our findings indicate that rapid release of inflammatory mediators by OPA promotes systemic inflammation. However, this acute OPA treatment does not show toxic effects on the cardiac tissue and the concentrations of liver enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anikó Pósa
- 1 Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Renáta Szabó
- 1 Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zita Szalai
- 1 Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Kupai
- 1 Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Deim
- 1 Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | | | - Ottó Bencsik
- 3 Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - András Szekeres
- 3 Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Csaba Vágvölgyi
- 3 Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - László Balogh
- 4 Institute of Physical Education and Sport Science, Juhász Gyula Faculty of Education, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Béla Juhász
- 5 Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Szilvássy
- 5 Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Csaba Varga
- 1 Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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18
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Riquelme SA, Pogu J, Anegon I, Bueno SM, Kalergis AM. Carbon monoxide impairs mitochondria-dependent endosomal maturation and antigen presentation in dendritic cells. Eur J Immunol 2015; 45:3269-88. [DOI: 10.1002/eji.201545671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2015] [Revised: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián A. Riquelme
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy; Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología; Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Santiago Chile
- INSERM; UMR 1064; CHU Nantes; ITUN; Université de Nantes; Faculté de Médecine; Nantes France
| | - Julien Pogu
- INSERM; UMR 1064; CHU Nantes; ITUN; Université de Nantes; Faculté de Médecine; Nantes France
| | - Ignacio Anegon
- INSERM; UMR 1064; CHU Nantes; ITUN; Université de Nantes; Faculté de Médecine; Nantes France
| | - Susan M. Bueno
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy; Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología; Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Santiago Chile
- INSERM; UMR 1064; CHU Nantes; ITUN; Université de Nantes; Faculté de Médecine; Nantes France
| | - Alexis M. Kalergis
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy; Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología; Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Santiago Chile
- INSERM; UMR 1064; CHU Nantes; ITUN; Université de Nantes; Faculté de Médecine; Nantes France
- Departamento de Inmunología Clínica y Reumatología; Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Santiago Chile
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Renard E, Gaudin A, Bienvenu G, Amiaud J, Farges J, Cuturi M, Moreau A, Alliot-Licht B. Immune Cells and Molecular Networks in Experimentally Induced Pulpitis. J Dent Res 2015; 95:196-205. [DOI: 10.1177/0022034515612086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental pulp is a dynamic tissue able to resist external irritation during tooth decay by using immunocompetent cells involved in innate and adaptive responses. To better understand the immune response of pulp toward gram-negative bacteria, we analyzed biological mediators and immunocompetent cells in rat incisor pulp experimentally inflamed by either lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or saline solution (phosphate-buffered saline [PBS]). Untreated teeth were used as control. Expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, chemokine ligands, growth factors, and enzymes were evaluated at the transcript level, and the recruitment of the different leukocytes in pulp was measured by fluorescence-activated cell-sorting analysis after 3 h, 9 h, and 3 d post-PBS or post-LPS treatment. After 3 d, injured rat incisors showed pulp wound healing and production of reparative dentin in both LPS and PBS conditions, testifying to the reversible pulpitis status of this model. IL6, IL1-β, TNF-α, CCL2, CXCL1, CXCL2, MMP9, and iNOS gene expression were significantly upregulated after 3 h of LPS stimulation as compared with PBS. The immunoregulatory cytokine IL10 was also upregulated after 3 h, suggesting that LPS stimulates not only inflammation but also immunoregulation. Fluorescence-activated cell-sorting analysis revealed a significant, rapid, and transient increase in leukocyte levels 9 h after PBS and LPS stimulation. The quantity of dendritic cells was significantly upregulated with LPS versus PBS. Interestingly, we identified a myeloid-derived suppressor cell–enriched cell population in noninjured rodent incisor dental pulp. The percentage of this population, known to regulate immune response, was higher 9 h after inflammation triggered with PBS and LPS as compared with the control. Taken together, these data offer a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in the regulation of dental pulp immunity that may be elicited by gram-negative bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Renard
- INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
| | - A. Gaudin
- INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
- Faculty of Odontology, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - G. Bienvenu
- INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
- Faculty of Odontology, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | | | - J.C. Farges
- Laboratory of Tissue Biology and Therapeutic Engineering, UMR 5305, and Faculty of Odontology, Lyon, France
| | - M.C. Cuturi
- INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
| | - A. Moreau
- INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
| | - B. Alliot-Licht
- INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
- Faculty of Odontology, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
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20
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De Kock J, Meuleman P, Raicevic G, Rodrigues RM, Branson S, Meganathan K, De Boe V, Sachinidis A, Leroux-Roels G, Vanhaecke T, Lagneaux L, Rogiers V, Najar M. Human skin-derived precursor cells are poorly immunogenic and modulate the allogeneic immune response. Stem Cells 2015; 32:2215-28. [PMID: 24585677 DOI: 10.1002/stem.1692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Revised: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Human skin-derived precursors (hSKPs) are multipotent somatic stem cells that persist within the dermis throughout adulthood and harbor potential clinical applicability. In this study, we investigated their immunogenicity and immunosuppressive features, both in vitro and in vivo. As such, this study provides a solid basis for developing their future clinical applications. We found that hSKPs express HLA-ABC molecules, but not HLA-DR, rendering them poorly immunogenic. Using a coculture set-up, we could further demonstrate that hSKPs inhibit the proliferation of allogeneic activated T cells and alter their cytokine secretion profile, in a dose-dependent manner. Cotransplantation of hSKP and human peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) into severe combined immune-deficient mice also showed a significant impairment of the graft-versus-host response 1 week post-transplantation and a drastic increase in survival time of 60%. From a mechanistic point of view, we found that hSKPs require cell contact as well as secretion of soluble inhibitory factors in order to modulate the immune response. The expression/secretion levels of these factors further increases upon inflammation or in the presence of activated T cells. As such, we believe that these features could be beneficial in a later allogeneic clinical setting, because rejection of engrafted allogeneic hSKP might be delayed or even avoided due to their own promotion of a tolerogenic microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joery De Kock
- Department of In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology, Center for Pharmaceutical Research, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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Lei H, Schmidt-Bleek K, Dienelt A, Reinke P, Volk HD. Regulatory T cell-mediated anti-inflammatory effects promote successful tissue repair in both indirect and direct manners. Front Pharmacol 2015; 6:184. [PMID: 26388774 PMCID: PMC4557110 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2015.00184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) offer new immunotherapeutic options to control undesired immune reactions, such as those in transplant rejection and autoimmunity. In addition, tissue repair and regeneration depend on a multitude of tightly regulated immune and non-immune cells and signaling molecules. There is mounting evidence that adequate innate responses, and even more importantly balanced adaptive immune responses, are key players in the tissue repair and regeneration processes, even in absence of any immune-related disease or infection. Thus, the anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic capacities of Treg can affect not only the effector immune response, creating the appropriate immune environment for successful tissue repair and regeneration, but growing evidence shows that they also have direct effects on tissue cell functions. Here we summarize the present views on how Treg might support tissue regeneration by direct control of undesired immune reactivity and also by direct interaction with non-immune tissue cells. We describe tissue-resident Treg and their specific phenotypes in skin, visceral adipose tissue, and skeletal muscle. In addition, we touch on the topic of osteoimmunology, discussing the direct interactions of Treg with bone-forming cells, such as osteoblasts and their mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) progenitors-a field which is under-investigated. We hypothesize a cross-talk between Treg and bone-forming cells through the CD39-CD73-(adenosine)-adenosine receptor pathway, which might also potentiate the differentiation of MSCs, thus facilitating bone regeneration. This hypothesis may provide a road map for further investigations on the cross-talk between the immune and the skeletal system, and also enable the development of better strategies to promote bone repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Lei
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité University Medicine Berlin , Berlin, Germany ; Institute for Medical Immunology, Charité University Medicine Berlin , Berlin, Germany
| | - Katharina Schmidt-Bleek
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité University Medicine Berlin , Berlin, Germany ; Julius Wolff Institute, Charité University Medicine Berlin , Berlin, Germany
| | - Anke Dienelt
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité University Medicine Berlin , Berlin, Germany ; Julius Wolff Institute, Charité University Medicine Berlin , Berlin, Germany
| | - Petra Reinke
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité University Medicine Berlin , Berlin, Germany ; Department of Nephrology and Intensive Care, Charité University Medicine Berlin , Berlin, Germany
| | - Hans-Dieter Volk
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité University Medicine Berlin , Berlin, Germany ; Institute for Medical Immunology, Charité University Medicine Berlin , Berlin, Germany
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Li BZ, Guo B, Zhang HY, Liu J, Tao SS, Pan HF, Ye DQ. Therapeutic potential of HO-1 in autoimmune diseases. Inflammation 2015; 37:1779-88. [PMID: 24818708 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-014-9908-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), the inducible isoform of heme oxygenase (HO), has raised a lot of concerns in recent years due to its multiple functions. HO-1 was found to be a pivotal cytoprotective, antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, immunosuppressive, as well as anti-inflammatory molecule. Recent studies have clarified its significant functions in many diseases with substantial findings. In autoimmune diseases, HO-1 may have promising therapeutic potential. Here, we briefly reviewed recent advances in this field, aiming at hopefully exploring the potential therapeutic roles of HO-1, and design HO-1-based strategies for the treatment of autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Zhu Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
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23
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Riquelme SA, Bueno SM, Kalergis AM. Carbon monoxide down-modulates Toll-like receptor 4/MD2 expression on innate immune cells and reduces endotoxic shock susceptibility. Immunology 2015; 144:321-32. [PMID: 25179131 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Revised: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO) has been recently reported as the main anti-inflammatory mediator of the haem-degrading enzyme haem-oxygenase 1 (HO-1). It has been shown that either HO-1 induction or CO treatment reduces the ability of monocytes to respond to inflammatory stimuli, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), due to an inhibition of the signalling pathways leading to nuclear factor-κB, mitogen-activated protein kinases and interferon regulatory factor 3 activation. Hence, it has been suggested that CO impairs the stimulation of the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/myeloid differentiation factor-2 (MD2) complex located on the surface of immune cells. However, whether CO can negatively modulate the surface expression of the TLR4/MD2 complex in immune cells remains unknown. Here we report that either HO-1 induction or treatment with CO decreases the surface expression of TLR4/MD2 in dendritic cells (DC) and neutrophils. In addition, in a septic shock model of mice intraperitoneally injected with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), prophylactic treatment with CO protected animals from hypothermia, weight loss, mobility loss and death. Further, mice pre-treated with CO and challenged with LPS showed reduced recruitment of DC and neutrophils to peripheral blood, suggesting that this gas causes a systemic tolerance to endotoxin challenge. No differences in the amount of innate cells in lymphoid tissues were observed in CO-treated mice. Our results suggest that CO treatment reduces the expression of the TLR4/MD2 complex on the surface of myeloid cells, which renders them resistant to LPS priming in vitro, as well as in vivo in a model of endotoxic shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián A Riquelme
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; INSERM, UMR 1064, Nantes, France
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24
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Bunse CE, Fortmeier V, Tischer S, Zilian E, Figueiredo C, Witte T, Blasczyk R, Immenschuh S, Eiz-Vesper B. Modulation of heme oxygenase-1 by metalloporphyrins increases anti-viral T cell responses. Clin Exp Immunol 2015; 179:265-76. [PMID: 25196646 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenase (HO)-1, the inducible isoform of HO, has immunomodulatory functions and is considered a target for therapeutic interventions. In the present study, we investigated whether modulation of HO-1 might have regulatory effects on in-vitro T cell activation. The study examined whether: (i) HO-1 induction by cobalt-protoporphyrin (CoPP) or inhibition by tin-mesoporphyrin (SnMP) can affect expansion and function of virus-specific T cells, (ii) HO-1 modulation might have a functional effect on other cell populations mediating effects on proliferating T cells [e.g. dendritic cells (DCs), regulatory T cells (T(regs)) and natural killer cells] and (iii) HO-1-modulated anti-viral T cells might be suitable for adoptive immunotherapy. Inhibition of HO-1 via SnMP in cytomegalovirus (CMV)pp65-peptide-pulsed peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) led to increased anti-viral T cell activation and the generation of a higher proportion of effector memory T cells (CD45RA(-) CD62L(-)) with increased capability to secrete interferon (IFN)-γ and granzyme B. T(reg) depletion and SnMP exposure increased the number of anti-viral T cells 15-fold. To test the possibility that HO-1 modulation might be clinically applicable in conformity with good manufacturing practice (GMP), SnMP was tested in isolated anti-viral T cells using the cytokine secretion assay. Compared to control, SnMP treatment resulted in higher cell counts and purity without negative impact on quality and effector function [CD107a, IFN-γ and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α levels were stable]. These results suggest an important role of HO-1 in the modulation of adaptive immune responses. HO-1 inhibition resulted in markedly more effective generation of functionally active T cells suitable for adoptive T cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- C E Bunse
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Integrated Research and Treatment Centre Transplantation - IFB-Tx, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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25
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Schinnerling K, Soto L, García-González P, Catalán D, Aguillón JC. Skewing dendritic cell differentiation towards a tolerogenic state for recovery of tolerance in rheumatoid arthritis. Autoimmun Rev 2015; 14:517-27. [PMID: 25633325 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2015.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
To date, the available options to treat autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) include traditional corticoids and biological drugs, which are not exempt of adverse effects. The development of cellular therapies based on dendritic cells with tolerogenic functions (TolDCs) has opened a new possibility to efficiently eradicate symptoms and control the immune response in the field of autoimmunity. TolDCs are an attractive tool for antigen-specific immunotherapy to restore self-tolerance in RA and other autoimmune disorders. A promising strategy is to inject autologous self-antigen-loaded TolDCs, which are able to delete or reprogram autoreactive T cells. Different protocols for the generation of stable human TolDCs have been established and the therapeutic effect of TolDCs has been investigated in multiple rodent models of arthritis. Pilot studies in humans confirmed that TolDC application is safe, encouraging clinical trials using self-antigen-loaded TolDCs in RA patients. Although an abundance of molecular regulators of DC functions has been discovered in the last decade, no master regulator of tolerogenicity has been identified yet. Further research is required to define biomarkers or key regulators of tolerogenicity that might facilitate the induction and monitoring of TolDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katina Schinnerling
- Programa Disciplinario de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lilian Soto
- Programa Disciplinario de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paulina García-González
- Programa Disciplinario de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
| | - Diego Catalán
- Programa Disciplinario de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Juan C Aguillón
- Programa Disciplinario de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile.
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26
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Baker TG, Roy S, Brandon CS, Kramarenko IK, Francis SP, Taleb M, Marshall KM, Schwendener R, Lee FS, Cunningham LL. Heat shock protein-mediated protection against Cisplatin-induced hair cell death. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol 2014; 16:67-80. [PMID: 25261194 DOI: 10.1007/s10162-014-0491-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is a highly successful and widely used chemotherapy for the treatment of various solid malignancies in both adult and pediatric patients. Side effects of cisplatin treatment include nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity. Cisplatin ototoxicity results from damage to and death of cells in the inner ear, including sensory hair cells. We showed previously that heat shock inhibits cisplatin-induced hair cell death in whole-organ cultures of utricles from adult mice. Since heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) is the most upregulated HSP in response to heat shock, we investigated the role of HSP70 as a potential protectant against cisplatin-induced hair cell death. Our data using utricles from HSP70 (-/-) mice indicate that HSP70 is necessary for the protective effect of heat shock against cisplatin-induced hair cell death. In addition, constitutive expression of inducible HSP70 offered modest protection against cisplatin-induced hair cell death. We also examined a second heat-inducible protein, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1, also called HSP32). HO-1 is an enzyme responsible for the catabolism of free heme. We previously showed that induction of HO-1 using cobalt protoporphyrin IX (CoPPIX) inhibits aminoglycoside-induced hair cell death. Here, we show that HO-1 also offers significant protection against cisplatin-induced hair cell death. HO-1 induction occurred primarily in resident macrophages, with no detectable expression in hair cells or supporting cells. Depletion of macrophages from utricles abolished the protective effect of HO-1 induction. Together, our data indicate that HSP induction protects against cisplatin-induced hair cell death, and they suggest that resident macrophages mediate the protective effect of HO-1 induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany G Baker
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 165 Ashley Ave, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
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27
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Zhang L, Zhang Y, Zhong W, Di C, Lin X, Xia Z. Heme oxygenase-1 ameliorates dextran sulfate sodium-induced acute murine colitis by regulating Th17/Treg cell balance. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:26847-26858. [PMID: 25112868 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.590554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, is a group of autoimmune diseases characterized by nonspecific inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract. Recent investigations suggest that activation of Th17 cells and/or deficiency of regulatory T cells (Treg) is involved in the pathogenesis of IBD. Heme oxygenase (HO)-1 is a protein with a wide range of anti-inflammatory and immune regulatory function, which exerts significantly protective roles in various T cell-mediated diseases. In this study, we aim to explore the immunological regulation of HO-1 in the dextran sulfate sodium-induced model of experimental murine colitis. BALB/c mice were administered 4% dextran sulfate sodium orally; some mice were intraperitoneally pretreated with HO-1 inducer hemin or HO-1 inhibitor stannum protoporphyrin IX. The results show that hemin enhances the colonic expression of HO-1 and significantly ameliorates the symptoms of colitis with improved histological changes, accompanied by a decreased proportion of Th17 cells and increased number of Tregs in mesenteric lymph node and spleen. Moreover, induction of HO-1 down-regulates retinoic acid-related orphan receptor γt expression and IL-17A levels, while promoting Treg-related forkhead box p3 (Foxp3) expression and IL-10 levels in colon. Further study in vitro revealed that up-regulated HO-1 switched the naive T cells to Tregs when cultured under a Th17-inducing environment, which involved in IL-6R blockade. Therefore, HO-1 may exhibit anti-inflammatory activity in the murine model of acute experimental colitis via regulating the balance between Th17 and Treg cells, thus providing a possible novel therapeutic target in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liya Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, China and
| | - Yanjie Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, China and
| | - Wenwei Zhong
- Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Caixia Di
- Department of Pediatrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, China and
| | - Xiaoliang Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, China and
| | - Zhenwei Xia
- Department of Pediatrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, China and.
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28
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Jiang L, Diaz PT, Best TM, Stimpfl JN, He F, Zuo L. Molecular characterization of redox mechanisms in allergic asthma. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2014. [DOI: 10.10.1016/j.anai.2014.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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29
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Jiang L, Diaz PT, Best TM, Stimpfl JN, He F, Zuo L. Molecular characterization of redox mechanisms in allergic asthma. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2014; 113:137-42. [PMID: 24986036 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2014.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2014] [Revised: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the molecular redox mechanisms in allergic asthma and to examine current studies of the disease to provide a basis for further investigation of oxidative stress in allergic asthma and the signaling cascades involved in its pathogenesis. DATA SOURCES Through the use of PubMed, a broad biomedical literature review was conducted in the following areas related to the physiology and pathobiology of asthma: redox therapy, reactive oxygen species (ROS), oxidative stress, allergic asthma, and antioxidants. STUDY SELECTIONS Studies pertaining to oxidative stress and redox signaling in the molecular pathways of inflammation and hypersensitivity in the pathogenesis of allergic asthma were reviewed. RESULTS Allergic asthma is associated with an increase in endogenous ROS formation, leading to oxidative stress-induced damage to the respiratory system and mitigated antioxidant defenses. Exposure to environmental antigens has been shown to stimulate overproduction of ROS, resulting in abnormal physiologic function of DNA, proteins, and lipids that clinically can augment bronchial hyperresponsiveness and inflammation. Through the use of animal and human studies, oxidative stress has been determined to be important in the pathogenesis of allergic asthma. Thus, recent research suggests that the assessment of oxidative stress byproducts represents a novel method by which disease severity can be monitored. In addition, the use of redox-based therapy to attenuate levels of ROS presents a potential strategy to alleviate oxidative stress-induced airway inflammation in patients with asthma. CONCLUSION Redox mechanisms of oxidative stress in allergic asthma appear to play a key role in the pathogenesis of the disease and represent a promising therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Jiang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan
| | - Philip T Diaz
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, & Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Thomas M Best
- Division of Sports Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, Sports Health and Performance Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Julia N Stimpfl
- Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Feng He
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Purdue University, Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Li Zuo
- Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.
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30
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Jung CH, Lee MJ, Kang YM, Hwang JY, Jang JE, Leem J, Park JY, Kim HK, Lee WJ. Higher serum bilirubin level as a protective factor for the development of diabetes in healthy Korean men: a 4 year retrospective longitudinal study. Metabolism 2014; 63:87-93. [PMID: 24140099 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2013.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Revised: 08/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/14/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bilirubin, a natural product of heme catabolism by heme oxygenase, one of key antioxidant enzymes, has been recognized as a substance with potent antioxidant and cytoprotective properties. Several studies have shown a significant negative relationship between serum bilirubin levels and the risk of metabolic disorders, including type 2 diabetes. However, longitudinal studies investigating the association of elevated serum bilirubin levels and type 2 diabetes are lacking. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the longitudinal effects of baseline serum bilirubin concentrations on the development of type 2 diabetes in healthy Korean men. MATERIALS AND METHODS This 4 year retrospective longitudinal observational study was conducted at the Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea. The study population consisted of 5960 men without type 2 diabetes who underwent routine health examinations in 2007 (baseline) and 2011 (follow-up). Baseline serum bilirubin concentrations were determined by the vanadate oxidation method. RESULTS During a 4 year period, 409 incident cases of diabetes (6.9 %) were identified. Incident type 2 diabetes decreased across the baseline bilirubin quartile categories (P for trend <0.001). In multivariable-adjusted model, the relative risk (RR) for the development of type 2 diabetes was significantly lower in the highest (i.e., 1.30-2.00 mg/dl) than in the lowest bilirubin quartile category (i.e., ≤ 0.90 mg/dl), even after adjustment for confounding variables (RR=0.69, 95% confidence interval 0.48-0.99, P for trend = 0.041). CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that serum total bilirubin level may provide additional information for predicting future development of type 2 diabetes in healthy subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Hee Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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31
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Franklin E, Mantle T, Dunne A. Activation of human biliverdin-IXα reductase by urea: generation of kinetically distinct forms during the unfolding pathway. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2013; 1834:2573-8. [PMID: 24060811 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2013.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Revised: 09/09/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Activation of enzymes by low concentrations of denaturants has been reported for a limited number of enzymes including lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase (L-PGDS) and adenylate kinase. During unfolding studies on human biliverdin-IXα reductase it was discovered that the enzyme is activated at low concentrations of urea. Under standard assay conditions the native enzyme displays pronounced substrate inhibition with biliverdin as variable substrate; however in the presence of 3M urea, the substrate inhibition is abolished and the enzyme exhibits Michaelian kinetics. When the initial rate kinetics with NADPH as variable substrate are conducted in 3M urea, the Vmax is increased 11-fold to 1.8μmol/min/mg and the apparent Km for biliverdin increases from 1 to 3μM. We report the existence of two kinetically distinct folded intermediates between the native and unfolded forms. When the period of incubation with urea was varied prior to measuring enzyme activity, the apparent Vmax was shown to decay to half that seen at zero time with a half life of 5.8minutes, while the apparent Km for NADPH remains constant at approximately 5μM. With NADH as cofactor the half life of the activated (A) form was 2.9minutes, and this form decays in 3M urea to a less active (LA) form. The apparent Km for NADH increases from 0.33mM to 2mM for the A and LA forms. These kinetically distinct species are reminiscent of the activity-enhanced and inactive forms of L-PGDS observed in the presence of urea and guanidine hydrochloride.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Franklin
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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32
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Mackern-Oberti JP, Llanos C, Carreño LJ, Riquelme SA, Jacobelli SH, Anegon I, Kalergis AM. Carbon monoxide exposure improves immune function in lupus-prone mice. Immunology 2013; 140:123-32. [PMID: 23691924 PMCID: PMC3809712 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2013] [Revised: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 05/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by multiple alterations affecting the normal function of immune cells, such as lymphocytes, dendritic cells (DCs) and monocytes. Although the understanding of autoimmunity has significantly increased, the breakthrough in effective therapies has been modest, making necessary the development of new therapeutic strategies. Here we propose that a new potential target for therapy is haem oxygenase-1 (HO-1), an enzyme that catalyses the degradation of the haem group into biliverdin, carbon monoxide (CO) and Fe(2+) . These products exhibit immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory effects, which can contribute to improving tolerance during organ transplantation. Because HO-1 is highly expressed by immune cells involved in SLE pathogenesis, such as monocytes and DCs, we evaluated whether induction of HO-1 expression or the administration of CO could ameliorate disease in the FcγRIIb knockout (KO) mouse model for SLE. We found that CO administration decreased the expansion of CD11b(+) cells, prevented the decline of regulatory T cells and reduced anti-histone antibodies observed in untreated FcγRIIb KO mice. Furthermore, CO-treated animals and HO-1 induction showed less kidney damage compared with untreated mice. These data suggest that HO-1 modulation and CO administration can ameliorate autoimmunity and prevent the lupus symptoms shown by FcγRIIb KO mice, highlighting HO-1 as a potential new target for autoimmune therapy.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Autoimmunity/drug effects
- CD11b Antigen/metabolism
- Carbon Monoxide/administration & dosage
- Disease Models, Animal
- Enzyme Induction/drug effects
- Female
- Heme Oxygenase-1/biosynthesis
- Kidney/drug effects
- Kidney/enzymology
- Kidney/pathology
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/enzymology
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/immunology
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/therapy
- Male
- Membrane Proteins/biosynthesis
- Mice
- Mice, 129 Strain
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Receptors, IgG/deficiency
- Receptors, IgG/genetics
- Spleen/immunology
- Spleen/pathology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/drug effects
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan P Mackern-Oberti
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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33
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Tardif V, Riquelme SA, Remy S, Carreño LJ, Cortés CM, Simon T, Hill M, Louvet C, Riedel CA, Blancou P, Bach JM, Chauveau C, Bueno SM, Anegon I, Kalergis AM. Carbon monoxide decreases endosome-lysosome fusion and inhibits soluble antigen presentation by dendritic cells to T cells. Eur J Immunol 2013; 43:2832-44. [PMID: 23852701 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201343600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Revised: 06/27/2013] [Accepted: 07/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) inhibits immune responses and inflammatory reactions via the catabolism of heme into carbon monoxide (CO), Fe(2+) , and biliverdin. We have previously shown that either induction of HO-1 or treatment with exogenous CO inhibits LPS-induced maturation of dendritic cells (DCs) and protects in vivo and in vitro antigen-specific inflammation. Here, we evaluated the capacity of HO-1 and CO to regulate antigen presentation on MHC class I and MHC class II molecules by LPS-treated DCs. We observed that HO-1 and CO treatment significantly inhibited the capacity of DCs to present soluble antigens to T cells. Inhibition was restricted to soluble OVA protein, as no inhibition was observed for antigenic OVA-derived peptides, bead-bound OVA protein, or OVA as an endogenous antigen. Inhibition of soluble antigen presentation was not due to reduced antigen uptake by DCs, as endocytosis remained functional after HO-1 induction and CO treatment. On the contrary, CO significantly reduced the efficiency of fusion between late endosomes and lysosomes and not by phagosomes and lysosomes. These data suggest that HO-1 and CO can inhibit the ability of LPS-treated DCs to present exogenous soluble antigens to naïve T cells by blocking antigen trafficking at the level of late endosome-lysosome fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Tardif
- INSERM, UMR 1064, Nantes, France; CHU Nantes, ITUN, Nantes, France; Faculté de Médecine, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
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Fagone P, Patti F, Mangano K, Mammana S, Coco M, Touil-Boukoffa C, Chikovani T, Di Marco R, Nicoletti F. Heme oxygenase-1 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells correlates with disease activity in multiple sclerosis. J Neuroimmunol 2013; 261:82-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2013.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2013] [Revised: 04/10/2013] [Accepted: 04/11/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Heme oxygenase-1 induction alters chemokine regulation and ameliorates human immunodeficiency virus-type-1 infection in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 435:373-7. [PMID: 23665328 PMCID: PMC3992914 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.04.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2013] [Accepted: 04/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
We have elucidated a putative mechanism for the host resistance against HIV-1 infection of primary human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). We show that LPS-activated MDM both inhibited HIV-1 entry into the cells and were refractory to post-entry productive viral replication. LPS-treated cells were virtually negative for mature virions as revealed by transmission electron microscopy. LPS activation of MDM markedly enhanced the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), a potent inducible cytoprotective enzyme. Increased HO-1 expression was accompanied by elevated production of macrophage inflammatory chemokines (MIP1α and MIP1β) by LPS-activated MDM, significantly decreased surface chemokine receptor-5 (CCR-5) expression, and substantially reduced virus replication. Treatment of cells with HO-1 inhibitor SnPP IX (tin protoporphyrin IX) attenuated the LPS-mediated responses, HIV-1 replication and secretion of MIP1α, MIP1β, and LD78β chemokines with little change in surface CCR-5 expression. These results identify a novel role for HO-1 in the modulation of host immune response against HIV infection of MDM.
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Regulatory macrophages as therapeutic targets and therapeutic agents in solid organ transplantation. Curr Opin Organ Transplant 2013; 17:332-42. [PMID: 22790067 DOI: 10.1097/mot.0b013e328355a979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review aims to provide a basic introduction to human macrophage biology and an appreciation of the diverse roles played by macrophage subsets in allograft damage and repair. Current and future strategies for therapeutically manipulating macrophage behaviour are discussed. RECENT FINDINGS Macrophages are extremely versatile effector cells that exert both immunostimulatory and immunosuppressive effects. This adaptability cannot be explained by differentiation into committed sublineages, but instead reflects the ability of macrophages to rapidly transition between states of functional polarisation. Consequently, categorisation of macrophage subpopulations is not straightforward and this, in turn, creates difficulties in studying their pathophysiology. Nevertheless, particular macrophage subpopulations have been implicated in exacerbating or attenuating ischaemia-reperfusion injury, rejection reactions and allograft fibrosis. Three general strategies for therapeutically targeting macrophages can be envisaged, namely, depletional approaches, in-situ repolarisation towards a regulatory or tissue-reparative phenotype, and ex-vivo generation of regulatory macrophages (M reg) as a cell-based therapy. SUMMARY As critical determinants of the local and systemic immune response to solid organ allografts, macrophage subpopulations represent attractive therapeutic targets. Rapid progress is being made in the implementation of novel macrophage-targeted therapies, particularly in the use of ex-vivo-generated M regs as a cell-based medicinal product.
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Shin T, Ahn M, Moon C, Kim S. Erythropoietin and autoimmune neuroinflammation: lessons from experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and experimental autoimmune neuritis. Anat Cell Biol 2012; 45:215-20. [PMID: 23301189 PMCID: PMC3531585 DOI: 10.5115/acb.2012.45.4.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2012] [Revised: 11/09/2012] [Accepted: 11/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Erythropoietin (EPO) is known to have numerous biological functions. While its primary function is during haematopoiesis, recent studies have shown that EPO plays important role in cytoprotection, immunomodulation, and antiapoptosis. These secondary functions of EPO are integral to tissue protection following hypoxic injury, ischemia-reperfusion injury, and spinal cord injury in the central nervous system. This review focuses on experimental evidence documenting the neuroprotective effects of EPO in organ-specific autoimmune nervous system disorders such as experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN). In addition, the immunomodulatory role of EPO in the pathogenesis of EAE and EAN animal models of human multiple sclerosis and Guillain-Barré syndrome, respectively, will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taekyun Shin
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Veterinary Medical Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
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38
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Exploring the role of soluble factors associated with immune regulatory properties of mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2012; 8:329-42. [PMID: 21881832 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-011-9311-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are characterized as multipotent stromal cells with the capacity for both self-renewal and differentiation into mesodermal cell lineages. MSCs also have a fibroblast-like phenotype and can be isolated from several tissues. In recent years, researchers have found that MSCs secrete several soluble factors that exert immunosuppressive effects by modulating both innate (macrophages, dendritic and NK cells) and adaptive (B cells and CD4+ and CD8+ T cells) immune responses. This review summarizes the principal trophic factors that are related to immune regulation and secreted by MSCs under both autoimmune and inflammatory conditions. The understanding of mechanisms that regulate immunity in MSCs field is important for their future use as a novel cellular-based immunotherapy with clinical applications in several diseases.
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Herrada AA, Llanos C, Mackern-Oberti JP, Carreño LJ, Henriquez C, Gómez RS, Gutierrez MA, Anegon I, Jacobelli SH, Kalergis AM. Haem oxygenase 1 expression is altered in monocytes from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Immunology 2012; 136:414-24. [PMID: 22587389 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2567.2012.03598.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by multiple functional alterations affecting immune cells, such as B cells, T cells, dendritic cells (DCs) and monocytes. During SLE, the immunogenicity of monocytes and DCs is significantly up-regulated, promoting the activation of self-reactive T cells. Accordingly, it is important to understand the contribution of these cells to the pathogenesis of SLE and the mechanisms responsible for their altered functionality during disease. One of the key enzymes that control monocyte and DC function is haem oxygenase-1 (HO-1), which catalyses the degradation of the haem group into biliverdin, carbon monoxide and free iron. These products possess immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory capacities. The main goal of this work was to determine HO-1 expression in monocytes and DCs from patients with SLE and healthy controls. Hence, peripheral blood mononuclear cells were obtained from 43 patients with SLE and 30 healthy controls. CD14(+) monocytes and CD4(+) T cells were sorted by FACS and HO-1 expression was measured by RT-PCR. In addition, HO-1 protein expression was determined by FACS. HO-1 levels in monocytes were significantly reduced in patients with SLE compared with healthy controls. These results were confirmed by flow cytometry. No differences were observed in other cell types, such as DCs or CD4(+) T cells, although decreased MHC-II levels were observed in DCs from patients with SLE. In conclusion, we found a significant decrease in HO-1 expression, specifically in monocytes from patients with SLE, suggesting that an imbalance of monocyte function could be partly the result of a decrease in HO-1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés A Herrada
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Lundvig DMS, Immenschuh S, Wagener FADTG. Heme oxygenase, inflammation, and fibrosis: the good, the bad, and the ugly? Front Pharmacol 2012; 3:81. [PMID: 22586396 PMCID: PMC3345581 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2012.00081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2012] [Accepted: 04/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Upon injury, prolonged inflammation and oxidative stress may cause pathological wound healing and fibrosis, leading to formation of excessive scar tissue. Fibrogenesis can occur in most organs and tissues and may ultimately lead to organ dysfunction and failure. The underlying mechanisms of pathological wound healing still remain unclear, and are considered to be multifactorial, but so far, no efficient anti-fibrotic therapies exist. Extra- and intracellular levels of free heme may be increased in a variety of pathological conditions due to release from hemoproteins. Free heme possesses pro-inflammatory and oxidative properties, and may act as a danger signal. Effects of free heme may be counteracted by heme-binding proteins or by heme degradation. Heme is degraded by heme oxygenase (HO) that exists as two isoforms: inducible HO-1 and constitutively expressed HO-2. HO generates the effector molecules biliverdin/bilirubin, carbon monoxide, and free iron/ferritin. HO deficiency in mouse and man leads to exaggerated inflammation following mild insults, and accumulating epidemiological and preclinical studies support the widely recognized notion of the cytoprotective, anti-oxidative, and anti-inflammatory effects of the activity of the HO system and its effector molecules. In this review, we address the potential effects of targeted HO-1 induction or administration of HO-effector molecules as therapeutic targets in fibrotic conditions to counteract inflammatory and oxidative insults. This is exemplified by various clinically relevant conditions, such as hypertrophic scarring, chronic inflammatory liver disease, chronic pancreatitis, and chronic graft rejection in transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ditte M S Lundvig
- Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Biology, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre Nijmegen, Netherlands
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Correa-Costa M, Semedo P, Monteiro APFS, Silva RC, Pereira RL, Gonçalves GM, Marques GDM, Cenedeze MA, Faleiros ACG, Keller AC, Shimizu MHM, Seguro AC, Reis MA, Pacheco-Silva A, Câmara NOS. Induction of heme oxygenase-1 can halt and even reverse renal tubule-interstitial fibrosis. PLoS One 2010; 5:e14298. [PMID: 21179206 PMCID: PMC3001459 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0014298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2010] [Accepted: 11/23/2010] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The tubule-interstitial fibrosis is the hallmark of progressive renal disease and is strongly associated with inflammation of this compartment. Heme-oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a cytoprotective molecule that has been shown to be beneficial in various models of renal injury. However, the role of HO-1 in reversing an established renal scar has not yet been addressed. Aim We explored the ability of HO-1 to halt and reverse the establishment of fibrosis in an experimental model of chronic renal disease. Methods Sprague-Dawley male rats were subjected to unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and divided into two groups: non-treated and Hemin-treated. To study the prevention of fibrosis, animals were pre-treated with Hemin at days -2 and -1 prior to UUO. To investigate whether HO-1 could reverse established fibrosis, Hemin therapy was given at days 6 and 7 post-surgery. After 7 and/or 14 days, animals were sacrificed and blood, urine and kidney tissue samples were collected for analyses. Renal function was determined by assessing the serum creatinine, inulin clearance, proteinuria/creatininuria ratio and extent of albuminuria. Arterial blood pressure was measured and fibrosis was quantified by Picrosirius staining. Gene and protein expression of pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic molecules, as well as HO-1 were performed. Results Pre-treatment with Hemin upregulated HO-1 expression and significantly reduced proteinuria, albuminuria, inflammation and pro-fibrotic protein and gene expressions in animals subjected to UUO. Interestingly, the delayed treatment with Hemin was also able to reduce renal dysfunction and to decrease the expression of pro-inflammatory molecules, all in association with significantly reduced levels of fibrosis-related molecules and collagen deposition. Finally, TGF-β protein production was significantly lower in Hemin-treated animals. Conclusion Treatment with Hemin was able both to prevent the progression of fibrosis and to reverse an established renal scar. Modulation of inflammation appears to be the major mechanism behind HO-1 cytoprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Correa-Costa
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Nephrology Division, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
- Laboratory of Transplantation Immunobiology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences IV, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patricia Semedo
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Nephrology Division, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula F. S. Monteiro
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Nephrology Division, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Reinaldo C. Silva
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Nephrology Division, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael L. Pereira
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Nephrology Division, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giselle M. Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Transplantation Immunobiology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences IV, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Georgia Daniela Marcusso Marques
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Nephrology Division, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcos A. Cenedeze
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Nephrology Division, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana C. G. Faleiros
- Pathology Division, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), Uberaba, Brazil
| | - Alexandre C. Keller
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Nephrology Division, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria H. M. Shimizu
- Nephrology Department, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antônio C. Seguro
- Nephrology Department, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marlene A. Reis
- Pathology Division, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), Uberaba, Brazil
| | - Alvaro Pacheco-Silva
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Nephrology Division, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Niels O. S. Câmara
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Nephrology Division, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
- Laboratory of Transplantation Immunobiology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences IV, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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