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Ogunro OB. An updated and comprehensive review of the health benefits and pharmacological activities of hesperidin. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2025; 772:151974. [PMID: 40414011 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2025.151974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2025] [Revised: 05/06/2025] [Accepted: 05/07/2025] [Indexed: 05/27/2025]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This review aims to comprehensively assess the health benefits and pharmacological activities of hesperidin, a flavonoid commonly found in citrus fruits. It consolidates recent research findings to provide insights into hesperidin's diverse health-promoting effects. KEY FINDINGS Hesperidin has gained significant attention recently for its notable pharmacological activities and potential health benefits. Studies reveal its antioxidant properties, protecting cells from oxidative damage, and its anti-inflammatory effects, inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokines and enzymes. Also, hesperidin shows promise in cardiovascular health by reducing blood pressure and cholesterol levels and enhancing endothelial function. It also exhibits anticancer potential by hindering cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis, and suppressing tumour growth. Moreover, hesperidin demonstrates neuroprotective effects, potentially mitigating neuroinflammation and oxidative stress associated with neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, it displays beneficial effects in metabolic disorders such as diabetes, obesity, and fatty liver disease by influencing glucose metabolism, lipid profile, and insulin sensitivity. SUMMARY Hesperidin exhibits a wide range of health benefits and pharmacological activities, making it a promising candidate for therapeutic interventions in various diseases. Its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cardiovascular, anticancer, neuroprotective, and metabolic effects underscore its potential as a valuable natural compound for promoting health and preventing chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olalekan Bukunmi Ogunro
- Drug Discovery, Toxicology, and Pharmacology Research Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, KolaDaisi University, Ibadan, Nigeria.
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Goldoni FC, Benvenutti L, Nunes R, Vaz CR, Garcia L, Furtado K, Dos Santos Bubniak L, de Campos Buzzi F, Corrêa R, Quintão NLM, Santin JR. Safety evaluation and modulatory effects on innate immune system of pyrazoline-derived compounds. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2025; 398:5677-5691. [PMID: 39601822 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03653-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 11/18/2024] [Indexed: 11/29/2024]
Abstract
Pyrazolines are compounds that have been studied for their strong biological potential and structure diversity. Several studies demonstrated their biological effectiveness, highlighting their anti-inflammatory potential. This study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical profile, the safety, and the anti-inflammatory effects of four pyrazolines (PH0, PH3, PH4, and PH7). Initially, in silico analysis were performed on SwissADME and QSAR Toolbox platforms. The anti-inflammatory activity was assessed by in vitro and in vivo methodologies. Neutrophils collected from mice peritoneum and macrophages immortalized cell line (Raw 264.7) were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and subsequent measurement of nitric oxide (NO) and IL-1β, TNF, and IL-6 cytokines were performed by ELISA method. The effect on cell migration was evaluated by chemotaxis assay. The effect on efferocytosis was investigated using senescent neutrophils and macrophages from mice's bone marrow. The in silico results suggest suitable properties for a pharmacological prototype for oral administration, with no significant toxic effects. All compounds significantly reduced NO levels, as well as levels of IL-1β, TNF, and IL-6 cytokines. Also, they were able to reduce cell migration and increase efferocytosis. The in vivo air pouch model confirmed the effects of pyrazolines on cell kinetics and on the levels of cytokines (IL-1β and TNF) on the air pouch lavage. All of the pyrazolines evaluated showed to have positive effects on mechanisms that modulate the inflammatory response. Furthermore, the in silico analysis suggests that chemical changes in the structure can lead to improvement of the biological and pharmacokinetics proprieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Capitanio Goldoni
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade Do Vale Do Itajaí (UNIVALI), 458, Bloco F6, ECS, Sala 316, CEP, Itajaí, SC, 88302-901, Brazil
| | - Larissa Benvenutti
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade Do Vale Do Itajaí (UNIVALI), 458, Bloco F6, ECS, Sala 316, CEP, Itajaí, SC, 88302-901, Brazil
| | - Roberta Nunes
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade Do Vale Do Itajaí (UNIVALI), 458, Bloco F6, ECS, Sala 316, CEP, Itajaí, SC, 88302-901, Brazil
| | - Carlos Rafael Vaz
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade Do Vale Do Itajaí (UNIVALI), 458, Bloco F6, ECS, Sala 316, CEP, Itajaí, SC, 88302-901, Brazil
| | - Louise Garcia
- Pharmacy Course, School of Health Sciences, Universidade Do Vale Do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Itajaí, SC, Brazil
| | - Keyla Furtado
- Pharmacy Course, School of Health Sciences, Universidade Do Vale Do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Itajaí, SC, Brazil
| | - Lorena Dos Santos Bubniak
- Pharmacy Course, School of Health Sciences, Universidade Do Vale Do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Itajaí, SC, Brazil
| | - Fátima de Campos Buzzi
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade Do Vale Do Itajaí (UNIVALI), 458, Bloco F6, ECS, Sala 316, CEP, Itajaí, SC, 88302-901, Brazil
| | - Rogério Corrêa
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade Do Vale Do Itajaí (UNIVALI), 458, Bloco F6, ECS, Sala 316, CEP, Itajaí, SC, 88302-901, Brazil
| | - Nara Lins Meira Quintão
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade Do Vale Do Itajaí (UNIVALI), 458, Bloco F6, ECS, Sala 316, CEP, Itajaí, SC, 88302-901, Brazil
| | - José Roberto Santin
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade Do Vale Do Itajaí (UNIVALI), 458, Bloco F6, ECS, Sala 316, CEP, Itajaí, SC, 88302-901, Brazil.
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El-Shiekh RA, Mohamed AF, Mandour AA, Adel IM, Atwa AM, Elgindy AM, Esmail MM, Senna MM, Ebid N, Mustafa AM. Hesperidin in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: An Integrated Analysis of Traditional Pharmacology and Machine Learning-Based Therapeutic Predictions. Chem Biodivers 2025:e202403506. [PMID: 40234200 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202403506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2025] [Revised: 04/15/2025] [Accepted: 04/15/2025] [Indexed: 04/17/2025]
Abstract
Hesperidin, a bioflavonoid abundantly found in citrus fruits, offers a myriad of health benefits. With the food industry extensively utilizing citrus fruits, particularly for juice production, substantial quantities of by-products such as peels, seeds, cells, and membrane residues accumulate. Remarkably, these by-products serve as a valuable source of hesperidin. Consequently, the extraction of hesperidin from these by-products has garnered significant scientific interest, aiming to harness its potential as a natural antioxidant. By shedding light on these aspects, this review provides a comprehensive review of hesperidin's role in enhancing human well-being, particularly in the context of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). By synthesizing current research, we elucidate the compound's antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects, which may mitigate symptoms associated with CFS. Furthermore, we introduce machine learning methodologies to predict hesperidin's efficacy in clinical settings, offering a novel perspective on personalized nutrition strategies. Our findings underscore the need for further empirical studies to validate these predictions and explore hesperidin's mechanisms of action. This review not only bridges the gap between nutrition science and pharmacology but also highlights the promising future of hesperidin as a nutraceutical in combating chronic health conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riham A El-Shiekh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed F Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Faculty of Pharmacy, King Salman International University (KSIU), South Sinai, Egypt
| | - Asmaa A Mandour
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt (FUE), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Islam M Adel
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Atwa
- College of Pharmacy, Al-Ayen Iraqi University, AUIQ, An Nasiriyah, Iraq
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ali M Elgindy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Manar M Esmail
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Magdy Senna
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nouran Ebid
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Aya M Mustafa
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Cairo, Egypt
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Heidari Z, Farahmandpour F, Bazyar H, Pashayee-Khamene F. Effects of Hesperidin Supplementation on Cardiometabolic Markers: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Nutr Rev 2025; 83:e1014-e1033. [PMID: 39038797 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuae084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Hesperidin is a naturally occurring bioactive compound that may influence cardiometabolic markers, but the existing evidence is inconclusive. OBJECTIVE This study aims to further investigate the effects of hesperidin supplementation on cardiometabolic markers in adults. DATA SOURCES A comprehensive search was conducted up to August 2023, utilizing relevant key words in databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, focusing on randomized controlled trials (RCTs). DATA EXTRACTION RCTs that examined the impact of hesperidin on fasting blood sugar (FBS), insulin, quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index (QUICKI), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglyceride (TG), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were selected independently by 2 authors. The GRADE assessment was used to ascertain the certainty of the evidence. Results were pooled using a random-effects model as weighted mean differences and 95% CIs. DATA ANALYSIS The results of this study demonstrate that hesperidin supplementation had a significant impact on reducing FBS, TG, TC, LDL-C, SBP, and TNF-α. However, there was no significant effect observed on insulin, HOMA-IR, QUICKI, HDL-C, DBP, and hs-CRP. The study's subgroup analyses also revealed that interventions lasting more than 12 weeks were effective in reducing FBS, TG, TC, and LDL-C. Moreover, hesperidin dosage exceeding 500 mg/day showed significance in reducing FBS, TC, and LDL-C levels. CONCLUSION In conclusion, this research suggests that hesperidin can be consumed as an effective dietary approach to enhance cardiometabolic markers. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO registration no. CRD42022325775.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Heidari
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, 6135715794, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Farahmandpour
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, 6135715794, Iran
| | - Hadi Bazyar
- Department of Public Health, Sirjan School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, 7816916338, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Sirjan School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, 7816916338, Iran
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Heo YJ, Lee MK, Im JH, Kim BS, Lee HI. Anti-obesity effects of ethanol extract of green Citrus junos peel enriched in naringin and hesperidin in vitro and in vivo. Nutr Res Pract 2025; 19:1-13. [PMID: 39959742 PMCID: PMC11821779 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2025.19.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2024] [Revised: 09/05/2024] [Accepted: 09/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Green Citrus junos (yuja) peel extract has higher naringin and hesperidin contents and antioxidant activity than yellow yuja peel extract, but its anti-obesity effects are unclear. This study examined the anti-obesity properties of green yuja peel ethanol extract (GYE) in 3T3-L1 cells and high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. MATERIALS/METHODS The effects of GYE on adipocyte differentiation were assessed by measuring Oil red O staining, mRNA and protein expression. The beneficial effects of GYE on HFD-induced obese mice were evaluated using the body weight, body composition, visceral fat size, and biochemical analysis. RESULTS GYE inhibited adipocyte differentiation and lipid accumulation compared to the control cells, as evidenced by Oil red O staining and the triglyceride level, respectively. GYE down-regulated the adipogenic genes CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α (C/EBPα) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), and lipogenic gene diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2 (DGAT2). GYE at 100 μg/mL downregulated the phosphorylation levels of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and protein kinase B (Akt), and their downstream targets PPARγ and sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 (SREBP-1c) compared to the control group. In obese mice, GYE (100 mg/kg/day) reduced the body weight, body weight gain, and serum lipid level compared to the control group. Analysis using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry showed that GYE decreased the fat percentage, fat in tissue, and abdominal circumference, while it increased the lean percentage compared to control group. Furthermore, GYE significantly reduced the visceral fat weight and size compared to the control group. CONCLUSION GYE suppressed adipocyte differentiation by inhibiting the PI3K-Akt pathway in vitro and reduced the body fat mass and visceral adiposity in HFD-induced obese mice. These findings suggest that GYE is a viable natural option for combating obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jin Heo
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea
| | - Mi-Kyung Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea
| | - Ju-Hye Im
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea
| | - Bo Seop Kim
- Department of Research & Technical Support Team, Mokpo Marine Food-Industry Research Center, Mokpo 58621, Korea
| | - Hae-In Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea
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Vaz CR, Benvenutti L, Goldoni FC, Nunes R, Schneiker GS, Rosa GA, Furtado K, Garcia L, Quintão NLM, Santin JR. Tagetes erecta L.: A traditional medicine effective in inflammatory process treatment. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 334:118558. [PMID: 38996948 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Tagetes erecta L. (Asteraceae), popularly known as Aztec Marigold, is used in folk medicine to treat several ailments including inflammatory processes. Despite its historical use, the specific mechanisms through which it may modulate inflammation, particularly its effects on neutrophils and macrophages activation, have not yet been completely investigated. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to elucidate the anti-inflammatory mechanism of the hydroalcoholic extract obtained from T. erecta flowers, focusing on its role in the regulation of neutrophil and macrophage functions. MATERIAL AND METHODS The production of TNF, IL-6, CXCL-1, IL-1β, IL-10 (ELISA) and NO (Griess reaction), adhesion molecule expression (CD62L, CD49d and CD18, flow cytometry), and chemotaxis were analyzed in vitro using oyster glycogen-recruited peritoneal neutrophils or macrophages (RAW 264.7) stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and treated with the extract (1, 10 or 100 μg/mL). The resolution of inflammation was accessed by efferocytosis assay. The in vivo anti-inflammatory activity was investigated using carrageenan-induced inflammation in the subcutaneous tissue of male Swiss mice orally treated with the T. erecta extract (30, 100 or 300 mg/kg). The leukocyte influx (optical microscopy), secretion of chemical mediators (TNF, IL-6 and IL-1β, ELISA) and protein exudation (Bradford reaction) were quantified in the inflamed exudate. RESULTS In vitro studies demonstrated that the extract inhibited neutrophil chemotaxis and reduced the production and/or release of cytokines (TNF, IL-1β, CXCL1, and IL-6) as well as nitric oxide (NO) by neutrophils and macrophages when stimulated with LPS. Neutrophils treated with LPS and incubated with the extract showed an increase in CD62L expression, which leads to the impairment of neutrophil adhesion. The extract also enhanced efferocytosis of apoptotic neutrophils by macrophages, which was accompanied by increased IL-10 secretion and decreased TNF levels. In vivo studies yielded similar results, showing reduction in neutrophil migration, protein exudation, and cytokine release (TNF, IL-6, and IL-1β). CONCLUSIONS Together, the data herein obtained shows that T. erecta flower extract has anti-inflammatory effects by regulating inflammatory mediators, limiting neutrophil migration, and promoting efferocytosis. The in vivo results suggest that an herbal medicine made with T. erecta could represent an interesting pharmacological tool for the treatment of acute inflammatory condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Rafael Vaz
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Larissa Benvenutti
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Capitânio Goldoni
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Roberta Nunes
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Santin Schneiker
- School of Health Sciences, Pharmacy Course, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Antunes Rosa
- School of Health Sciences, Pharmacy Course, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Keyla Furtado
- School of Health Sciences, Pharmacy Course, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Louise Garcia
- School of Health Sciences, Pharmacy Course, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Nara Lins Meira Quintão
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - José Roberto Santin
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
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Yoo SA, Kim KC, Lee JH. Efficacy and Potential Mechanisms of Naringin in Atopic Dermatitis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:11064. [PMID: 39456844 PMCID: PMC11507659 DOI: 10.3390/ijms252011064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2024] [Revised: 10/14/2024] [Accepted: 10/14/2024] [Indexed: 10/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most prevalent chronic inflammatory skin diseases. Topical treatments are recommended for all patients regardless of severity, making it essential to develop an effective topical AD treatment with minimal side effects; We investigated the efficacy of topical application of naringin in AD and explored the possible mechanisms using an AD mouse model induced by 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNCB). Clinical, histological, and immunological changes related to AD and Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling proteins in the skin tissues were measured as outcomes; Naringin treatment resulted in a significant improvement in dermatitis severity score and reduced epidermal thickness and mast cell count in the skin (p < 0.05). Naringin also demonstrated the ability to inhibit DNCB-induced changes in interleukin (IL) 4, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand (CCL) 17, CCL22, IL1β, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and IL13 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (p < 0.05). Western blot results exhibited the decreased JAK1, JAK2, STAT1, STAT3, phospho-STAT3, and STAT6 expression in the naringin-treated groups (p < 0.05); The findings of this study suggest that topical naringin may effectively improve the symptoms of AD and could be used as a therapeutic agent for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Ah Yoo
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea;
| | - Ki-Chan Kim
- Department of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea;
| | - Ji-Hyun Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea;
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Ji X, Li L, Zhang K, Yuan X, Li Q, Bai G. Screening and analysis of the targeted compounds in Choerospondias axillaris extract by receptor chromatographic column with immobilized angiotensin II type 1 receptor. Biomed Chromatogr 2024; 38:e5931. [PMID: 38881185 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
As a result of the lack of modern techniques, the study of Tibetan medicine has been hindered in identifying bioactive compounds. Herein, we established a chromatographic approach using an immobilized angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) via a one-step method triggered by haloalkane dehalogenase. The bioactive compounds from Choerospondias axillaris (Guangzao) were screened and identified using the immobilized AT1R followed by MS. Frontal analysis (FA) and adsorption energy distribution (AED) were used to evaluate the association constants. Molecular docking was used to investigate the binding configurations, and the surface efficiency index, binding efficiency index, and ligand-lipophilicity efficiency (LLE) were calculated to assess the drug-like properties. The results identified naringenin, pinocembrin, and chrysin as the compounds that specifically bind to AT1R in Guangzao. FA and AED confirmed that there is only one type of binding site between these compounds and AT1R. The association constants were (2.40 ± 0.02) × 104 M-1 for naringenin (5.22 ± 0.26) × 104 M-1 for pinocembrin, and (4.27 ± 0.14) × 104 M-1 for chrysin, respectively. These compounds can bind with AT1R through the orthosteric binding pocket. Naringenin exhibited better LLE than pinocembrin and chrysin. These results confirmed the feasibility of using the immobilized AT1R column for screening and analyzing bioactive compounds in Tibetan medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Ji
- Engineering Research Center of Tibetan Medicine Detection Technology, Ministry of Education, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
- Joint Laboratory for Research on Active Components and Pharmacological Mechanism of Tibetan Materia Medica of Tibetan Medical Research Center of Tibet, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Liangxi Li
- Engineering Research Center of Tibetan Medicine Detection Technology, Ministry of Education, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
- Joint Laboratory for Research on Active Components and Pharmacological Mechanism of Tibetan Materia Medica of Tibetan Medical Research Center of Tibet, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Kaiyue Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Tibetan Medicine Detection Technology, Ministry of Education, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
- Joint Laboratory for Research on Active Components and Pharmacological Mechanism of Tibetan Materia Medica of Tibetan Medical Research Center of Tibet, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Xinyi Yuan
- Engineering Research Center of Tibetan Medicine Detection Technology, Ministry of Education, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
- Joint Laboratory for Research on Active Components and Pharmacological Mechanism of Tibetan Materia Medica of Tibetan Medical Research Center of Tibet, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Qian Li
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ge Bai
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
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Castro GNDS, de Souza RDN, da Silva ACM, Laureano-Melo R, da Silva Côrtes W, Capim SL, de Almeida Vasconcellos MLA, Marinho BG. Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory Potential of the New Tetrahydropyran Derivative (2s,6s)-6-ethyl-tetrahydro-2h-pyran-2-yl) Methanol. Antiinflamm Antiallergy Agents Med Chem 2024; 23:105-117. [PMID: 38409717 DOI: 10.2174/0118715230282982240202052127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs plays a crucial role in modern medicine, aiming to alleviate pain and reduce inflammation in patients. Opioids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are groups of drugs conventionally used to treat pain and inflammation, but a wide range of adverse effects and ineffectiveness in some pathological conditions leads us to search for new drugs with analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. OBJECTIVES In this regard, the authors intend to investigate the ((2s,6s)-6-ethyl-tetrahydro-2h-pyran- 2-yl) methanol compound (LS20) on pain and acute inflammation. METHODS Male Swiss mice were evaluated using acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing, formalin, and tail-flick as models of nociceptive evaluation and edema paw, air pouch and cell culture as models of inflammatory evaluation besides the rotarod test for assessment of motor impairment. RESULTS The compound showed an effect on the acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing, formalin and tail-flick tests. Studying the mechanism of action, reversion of the antinociceptive effect of the compound was observed from previous intraperitoneal administration of selective and non-selective opioid antagonists on the tail flick test. In addition, the compound induced an antiedematogenic effect and reduced leukocyte migration and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the air pouch model. LS20 was able to maintain cell viability, in addition to reducing cell production of TNF-α and IL-6. CONCLUSION In summary, the LS20 compound presented an antinociceptive effect, demonstrating the participation of the opioid system and an anti-inflammatory effect related to the inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokine production. The compound also demonstrated safety at the cellular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Nunes de Santana Castro
- Laboratório de Farmacologia da Inflamação e Nocicepção, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, Brasil
| | - Raquel do Nascimento de Souza
- Laboratório de Cultura de Células, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, Brasil
| | - Alba Cenélia Matos da Silva
- Laboratório de Cultura de Células, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, Brasil
| | - Roberto Laureano-Melo
- Laboratório de Fisiofarmacologia Comportamental, Centro Universitário de Barra Mansa, Barra Mansa, RJ, Brasil
| | - Wellington da Silva Côrtes
- Laboratório de Psicofarmacologia e Comportamento, Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, Brasil
| | - Saulo Luis Capim
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Baiano, Federal Institute Baiano, Campus Catu, BA, Brasil
| | | | - Bruno Guimarães Marinho
- Laboratório de Farmacologia da Inflamação e Nocicepção, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, Brasil
- Laboratório de Cultura de Células, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, Brasil
- Laboratório de Psicofarmacologia e Comportamento, Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, Brasil
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10
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Qin MC, Li JJ, Zheng YT, Li YJ, Zhang YX, Ou RX, He WY, Zhao JM, Liu ST, Liu MH, Lin HY, Gao L. Naringin ameliorates liver fibrosis in zebrafish by modulating IDO1-mediated lipid metabolism and inflammatory infiltration. Food Funct 2023; 14:10347-10361. [PMID: 37930368 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo03858k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis (LF) is an important reparative process in response to acute or chronic hepatic injury, which has the potential to advance towards cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Dietary naringin consumption contributes to protection against LF in animal studies, while the exact protective mechanism of naringin remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms behind the potential protective effect of naringin against TAA-induced LF in zebrafish. In this study, we utilized zebrafish to create the LF model and investigate the therapeutic mechanism of naringin. Firstly, we evaluated the changes in hepatic fibrosis and lipid accumulation in the liver following naringin treatment with oil red O, Nile red, and Sirius red and immunohistochemistry. In addition, we employed an ROS probe to directly measure oxidative stress and monitor inflammatory cell migration in a zebrafish transgenic line. Morpholino was used in the knockdown of IDO1 in order to verify its vital role in LF. Our findings demonstrated that naringin exhibited anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic action in conjunction with a reversal in lipid accumulation, oxidative stress and suppression of macrophage infiltration and activation of hepatic stellate cells. Furthermore, the results showed that the antifibrotic effect of naringin was removed upon IDO1 knockdown, proving that naringin exerts a protective effect by regulating IDO1. Naringin demonstrates remarkable protective effects against LF, effectively counteracting inflammation and hepatic steatosis in zebrafish liver. These findings suggest that naringin may function as an effective IDO1 inhibitor, holding the potential for clinical translation as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of LF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Chen Qin
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun-Jie Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Tao Zheng
- Emergency Department, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yun-Jia Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Xue Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rou-Xuan Ou
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Yi He
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Min Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Su-Tong Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Ming-Hao Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Hai-Yan Lin
- Shenzhen Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Lei Gao
- Emergency Department, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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11
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da Silva PR, Apolinário NDM, da Silva SÂS, Araruna MEC, Costa TB, e Silva YMSDM, da Silva TG, de Moura RO, dos Santos VL. Anti-Inflammatory Activity of N'-(3-(1H-indol-3-yl)benzylidene)-2-cyanoacetohydrazide Derivative via sGC-NO/Cytokine Pathway. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1415. [PMID: 37895886 PMCID: PMC10610422 DOI: 10.3390/ph16101415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The N-acylhydrazone function has been reported as a pharmacophore group of molecules with diverse pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory effects. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory potential of the compound N'-(3-(1H-indol-3-yl)benzylidene)-2-cyanoacetohydrazide (JR19) in vivo. The study started with the carrageenan-induced peritonitis model, followed by an investigation of leukocyte migration using the subcutaneous air pouch test and an assessment of the antinociceptive profile using formalin-induced pain. A preliminary molecular docking study focusing on the crystallographic structures of NFκB, iNOS, and sGC was performed to determine the likely mechanism of action. The computational study revealed satisfactory interaction energies with the selected targets, and the same peritonitis model was used to validate the involvement of the nitric oxide pathway and cytokine expression in the peritoneal exudate of mice pretreated with L-NAME or methylene blue. In the peritonitis assay, JR19 (10 and 20 mg/kg) reduced leukocyte migration by 59% and 52%, respectively, compared to the vehicle group, with the 10 mg/kg dose used in subsequent assays. In the subcutaneous air pouch assay, the reduction in cell migration was 66%, and the response to intraplantar formalin was reduced by 39%, particularly during the inflammatory phase, suggesting that the compound lacks central analgesic activity. In addition, a reversal of the anti-inflammatory effect was observed in mice pretreated with L-NAME or methylene blue, indicating the involvement of iNOS and sGC in the anti-inflammatory response of JR19. The compound effectively and significantly decreased the levels of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-17, and IFN-γ, and this effect was reversed in animals pretreated with L-NAME, supporting a NO-dependent anti-inflammatory effect. In contrast, pretreatment with methylene blue only reversed the reduction in TNF-α levels. Therefore, these results demonstrate the pharmacological potential of the novel N-acylhydrazone derivative, which acts through the nitric oxide pathway and cytokine signaling, making it a strong candidate as an anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Rayff da Silva
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil; (P.R.d.S.); (N.d.M.A.); (S.Â.S.d.S.); (M.E.C.A.); (T.B.C.); (Y.M.S.d.M.e.S.); (V.L.d.S.)
- Laboratório de Ensaios Farmacológicos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento e Síntese de Fármacos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil
| | - Nadjaele de Melo Apolinário
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil; (P.R.d.S.); (N.d.M.A.); (S.Â.S.d.S.); (M.E.C.A.); (T.B.C.); (Y.M.S.d.M.e.S.); (V.L.d.S.)
- Laboratório de Ensaios Farmacológicos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil
| | - Simone Ângela Soares da Silva
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil; (P.R.d.S.); (N.d.M.A.); (S.Â.S.d.S.); (M.E.C.A.); (T.B.C.); (Y.M.S.d.M.e.S.); (V.L.d.S.)
- Laboratório de Ensaios Farmacológicos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil
| | - Maria Elaine Cristina Araruna
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil; (P.R.d.S.); (N.d.M.A.); (S.Â.S.d.S.); (M.E.C.A.); (T.B.C.); (Y.M.S.d.M.e.S.); (V.L.d.S.)
- Laboratório de Ensaios Farmacológicos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil
| | - Thássia Borges Costa
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil; (P.R.d.S.); (N.d.M.A.); (S.Â.S.d.S.); (M.E.C.A.); (T.B.C.); (Y.M.S.d.M.e.S.); (V.L.d.S.)
- Laboratório de Ensaios Farmacológicos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil
| | - Yvnni M. S. de Medeiros e Silva
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil; (P.R.d.S.); (N.d.M.A.); (S.Â.S.d.S.); (M.E.C.A.); (T.B.C.); (Y.M.S.d.M.e.S.); (V.L.d.S.)
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento e Síntese de Fármacos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil
| | - Teresinha Gonçalves da Silva
- Departamento de Antibióticos, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50740-520, PE, Brazil;
| | - Ricardo Olímpio de Moura
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil; (P.R.d.S.); (N.d.M.A.); (S.Â.S.d.S.); (M.E.C.A.); (T.B.C.); (Y.M.S.d.M.e.S.); (V.L.d.S.)
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento e Síntese de Fármacos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil
| | - Vanda Lucia dos Santos
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil; (P.R.d.S.); (N.d.M.A.); (S.Â.S.d.S.); (M.E.C.A.); (T.B.C.); (Y.M.S.d.M.e.S.); (V.L.d.S.)
- Laboratório de Ensaios Farmacológicos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil
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12
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L Bello M, Mendes GEM, Silva ACR, Faria RX. Virtual screening indicates potential inhibitors of the P2X7 receptor. Comput Biol Med 2023; 164:107299. [PMID: 37552915 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Anti-inflammatory agents can be synthetic or natural compounds and are often used to attenuate different levels of inflammation. Inflammatory diseases, due to the involvement of multiple systems, are becoming difficult to treat, involve long durations of therapy where applicable, have a high cost of management and have a deleterious impact on public health. The search for natural and synthetic compounds with anti-inflammatory activity is an important strategy in drug design. Bioactive synthetic drugs may be repurposed for other pharmacological applications, and natural product chemical structures offer unlimited opportunities for new drug discoveries due to the unparalleled availability of chemical diversity. Virtual screening of 2774 molecules on the mouse P2X7 protein showed that potential ligands are composed of five flavonoids (narirutin, diosmin, complanatuside, hesperidin, and oroxin B) and other drugs such as velpatasvir, itacitinib and lifitegrast. In vitro studies in mouse cells confirmed the inhibitory activity of the indicated ligands on the P2X7 receptor by applying virtual screening. The behavior of protein bonded to the ligands was verified by analysis of the molecular dynamic simulation trajectories for four of the most potent inhibitor compounds, indicating that the ligands velpatasvir, itacitinib, lithospermic acid and narirutin remained in the binding site indicated by molecular docking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murilo L Bello
- Pharmaceutical Planning and Computer Simulation Laboratory, Universidade Federal Do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Eduardo M Mendes
- Pharmaceutical Planning and Computer Simulation Laboratory, Universidade Federal Do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Sciences and Biotechnology, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ana Cláudia R Silva
- Laboratory for Environmental Health Assessment and Promotion, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Robson X Faria
- Laboratory for Environmental Health Assessment and Promotion, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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13
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Santin JR, Tesser Kopp MA, Correa TP, Melato J, Benvenutti L, Nunes R, Goldoni FC, Klein Patel YB, de Souza JA, da Silva Soczek SH, Fernandes ES, Dávila Pastor MV, Klein Junior LC, Apel MA, Henriques AT, Meira Quintão NL. Neuroinflammation and hypersensitivity evidenced by the acute and 28-DAY repeated dose toxicity tests of ostrich oil in mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2023:113852. [PMID: 37244598 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The ostrich oil (OO) has been topically used for decades to treat skin diseases. Its oral use has been encouraged through e-commerce advertising several health benefits to OO without scientific evidence on its safety or effectiveness. This study presents the chromatographic profile of a commercially available OO and its acute and 28-day repeated dose in vivo toxicological profiles. OO anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects were also investigated. Omega-9 (ω-9; oleic acid; 34.6%) and -6 (linoleic acid; 14.9%) were detected as OO main constituents. A high single dose of the OO (2 g/kg of ω-9) demonstrated no or low acute toxicity. However, when orally treated with OO (30-300 mg/kg of ω-9) for 28 consecutive days, mice exhibited altered locomotor and exploratory activities, hepatic damage, and increased hindpaw sensitivity accompanied by increased levels of cytokine and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in their spinal cords and brains. Lack of anti-inflammatory or antinociceptive activities was also evidenced in 15-day-OO treated mice. These results indicate that chronic consumption of OO induces hepatic injury, in addition to neuroinflammation and subsequent hypersensitivity and behavioural changes. Thus, there is no evidence to support OO use to treating illness in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Roberto Santin
- Postgraduate Programme in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Itajaí, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Thiago Patrício Correa
- Postgraduate Programme in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Itajaí, SC, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Melato
- Postgraduate Programme in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Itajaí, SC, Brazil
| | - Larissa Benvenutti
- Postgraduate Programme in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Itajaí, SC, Brazil
| | - Roberta Nunes
- Postgraduate Programme in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Itajaí, SC, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Capitanio Goldoni
- Postgraduate Programme in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Itajaí, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Jade André de Souza
- Biomedicine Course, School of Health Sciences, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Itajaí, SC, Brazil
| | - Suzany Hellen da Silva Soczek
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia Aplicada à Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente, Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth Soares Fernandes
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia Aplicada à Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente, Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Luiz Carlos Klein Junior
- Postgraduate Programme in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Itajaí, SC, Brazil
| | - Miriam Anders Apel
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Nara Lins Meira Quintão
- Postgraduate Programme in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Itajaí, SC, Brazil.
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14
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Mohamed A, García-Martínez S, Carbonell P, José Ruiz J, Loumerem M. Genetic Diversity Assessment of Spanish and Some Endangered Tunisian Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Accessions Based on Microsatellite Markers (SSRs). Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202201033. [PMID: 37026685 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202201033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
In the current investigation, 28 accessions of Spanish and Tunisian peas were characterized by eight SSR polymorphic markers to assess their genetic diversity. Many methods have been applied to evaluate these relationships including diversity indices, analysis of molecular variance, cluster analysis, and population structure. The means of diversity indices, the polymorphism information content (PIC), the allelic richness, and the Shannon information index were 0.51, 3.87, and 0.9, respectively. These results revealed a large polymorphism (84.15 %) which produced a higher degree of genetic distance amongst the accessions. The unweighted pair group approach with arithmetic mean divided the collection of these accessions into three major genetic clusters. Therefore, this article has clearly demonstrated the usefulness of the SSR markers that can significantly contribute to the management and conservation of pea germplasm in these countries, as well as to future reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina Mohamed
- Dryland and Oases Cropping Laboratory, Arid Land Institute, Street El Jorf, 4119, Medenine, Tunisia
- Higher Agronomic Institute, Chott Mariem, IRESA-University of Sousse, B.P 47, 4042 Chott Mariem, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Santiago García-Martínez
- Department of Applied Biology, Miguel Hernandez University, Carretera de Beniel, km 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Alicante, Spain
| | - Pedro Carbonell
- Department of Applied Biology, Miguel Hernandez University, Carretera de Beniel, km 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Alicante, Spain
| | - Juan José Ruiz
- Department of Applied Biology, Miguel Hernandez University, Carretera de Beniel, km 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Alicante, Spain
| | - Mohamed Loumerem
- Dryland and Oases Cropping Laboratory, Arid Land Institute, Street El Jorf, 4119, Medenine, Tunisia
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15
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Razola-Díaz MDC, Verardo V, Gómez-Caravaca AM, García-Villanova B, Guerra-Hernández EJ. Mathematical Modelling of Convective Drying of Orange By-Product and Its Influence on Phenolic Compounds and Ascorbic Acid Content, and Its Antioxidant Activity. Foods 2023; 12:foods12030500. [PMID: 36766029 PMCID: PMC9914427 DOI: 10.3390/foods12030500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Orange peel is one of the main by-products from juice processing, and is considered as a promising source of phenolic compounds with anti-carcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial and antioxidant properties. The drying is an essential step to ensure the storage of this by-product at an industrial level, in order to use it as a functional ingredient or as a nutraceutical. Thus, this research focuses on the evaluation of the effect of the convective air-drying process in orange by-products at three different temperatures (40, 60 and 80 °C) and air flows (0, 0.8 and 1.6 m/s) on the phenolic content (measured by HPLC-MS), the antioxidant activity (measured by DPPH, ABTS and FRAP), and the vitamin C content (measured by HPLC-UV/VIS). Moreover, the mathematical modelling of its drying kinetics was carried out to examine the orange by-product behavior. Among the tested mathematical models, the Page model reported the highest fit and the best drying conditions, which showed the lowest reductions were at 60 °C with an air flow of 1.6 m/s and taking 315 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- María del Carmen Razola-Díaz
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Granada, Campus of Cartuja, 18011 Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology ‘José Matáix’, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, Avda del Conocimiento sn, 18100 Granada, Spain
| | - Vito Verardo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Granada, Campus of Cartuja, 18011 Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology ‘José Matáix’, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, Avda del Conocimiento sn, 18100 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Ana María Gómez-Caravaca
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology ‘José Matáix’, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, Avda del Conocimiento sn, 18100 Granada, Spain
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Avda Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Belén García-Villanova
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Granada, Campus of Cartuja, 18011 Granada, Spain
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16
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Wang Y, Li X, Lv H, Sun L, Liu B, Zhang X, Xu X. Therapeutic potential of naringin in improving the survival rate of skin flap: A review. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1128147. [PMID: 36937856 PMCID: PMC10017745 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1128147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Naringin is the main component of Drynaria. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that naringin has a wide range of pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-ulcer, and anti-osteoporosis effects. Its therapeutic effects have been observed in various clinical models, such as atherosclerosis, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, and rheumatic diseases. This review investigates the pharmacological effects of naringin and the associated mechanisms in improving flap survival. This review will also provide a reference for future rational application of naringin, especially in research to improve flap survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yincang Wang
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- The Third Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Hang Lv
- The Third Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhang
- Teaching and Research Section of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaofeng Zhang, ; Xilin Xu,
| | - Xilin Xu
- The Third Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaofeng Zhang, ; Xilin Xu,
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17
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Pengnet S, Sumarithum P, Phongnu N, Prommaouan S, Kantip N, Phoungpetchara I, Malakul W. Naringin attenuates fructose-induced NAFLD progression in rats through reducing endogenous triglyceride synthesis and activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1049818. [PMID: 36588703 PMCID: PMC9797507 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1049818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Excessive fructose consumption causes hepatic lipid accumulation via increased triglyceride (TG) synthesis, leading to the development and progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NALFD). Naringin, a flavanone glycoside found in citrus fruit, has antioxidant and hypolipidemic properties. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of naringin on fructose-induced NAFLD in rats and the possible underlying mechanism. Methods: Male Sprague Dawley rats were given 10% (w/v) fructose in drinking water for 12 weeks. Naringin (100 mg/kg/day) was administered orally to rats for the last 4 weeks of fructose overload. After 12 weeks of treatment, the hepatic lipid content was determined. In addition, the expression of proteins involved in de novo lipogenesis (DNL) and TG synthesis as well as antioxidant and inflammatory mediators in the liver were examined by western blot analysis. Results: Treatment of fructose-fed rats with naringin significantly decreased the hepatic TG and cholesterol content as well as serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities. Naringin treatment also decreased the hepatic expression of carbohydrate response element binding protein (ChREBP), sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) and nuclear SREBP-1c (nSREBP-1c) as well as enzymes involved in DNL (acetyl CoA carboxylase [ACC] and fatty acid synthase [FAS]) and an enzyme involved in TG synthesis (glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 1 [GPAT-1] and diacylglycerol acyltransferase2 [DGAT2]) in fructose-fed rats. In addition, naringin induced a significant decrease in the hepatic expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). Furthermore, naringin administration restored the expression of the antioxidant mediators nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in the liver of fructose-fed rats. Conclusion: These results demonstrate that oral administration of naringin protects against fructose-induced hepatic steatosis by decreasing DNL and TG synthesis. In addition, naringin could prevent NAFLD progression via targeting the Nrf2/HO-1 and the NF-κB/TNF-α pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirinat Pengnet
- Division of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand
| | - Phinsuda Sumarithum
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Nuttaphong Phongnu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Sakdina Prommaouan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Napapas Kantip
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Ittipon Phoungpetchara
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Wachirawadee Malakul
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand,Centre of Excellence in Medical Biotechnology, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand,*Correspondence: Wachirawadee Malakul,
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Zou J, Wang J, Ye W, Lu J, Li C, Zhang D, Ye W, Xu S, Chen C, Liu P, Liu Z. Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Chenpi): A multi-efficacy pericarp in treating cardiovascular diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 154:113626. [PMID: 36058153 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (CRP) has been utilized as a versatile medicinal herb with wide cardiovascular benefits in Asian nations for centuries. Accumulating evidence suggests that CRP and its components are effective in preventing cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) such as atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, myocardial ischemia, arrhythmia, cardiac hypertrophy, heart failure, and hypertension. Studies show that the two most bioactive components of CRP are flavonoids and volatile oils. The cardiovascular protective effects of CRP have attracted considerable research interest due to its hypolipidemic, antiplatelet activity, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Hereby, we provide a rigorous and up-to-date overview of the cardiovascular protective properties and the potential molecular targets of CRP, and finally highlight the pharmacokinetics and the therapeutic potential of the main pharmacologically active components of CRP to treat CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiami Zou
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 511436 Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaojiao Wang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 511436 Guangzhou, China; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Maoming People's Hospital, Maoming, 525000 Guangdong, China
| | - Weile Ye
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 511436 Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Lu
- National-Local Joint Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chengzhi Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 511436 Guangzhou, China
| | - Wencai Ye
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 511436 Guangzhou, China
| | - Suowen Xu
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Chunbo Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Maoming People's Hospital, Maoming, 525000 Guangdong, China
| | - Peiqing Liu
- National-Local Joint Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Zhiping Liu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 511436 Guangzhou, China.
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Ologe MO. A novel gedunin-2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex improves anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of gedunin in rodents. Niger J Physiol Sci 2022; 37:9-19. [PMID: 35947833 DOI: 10.54548/njps.v37i1.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Gedunin is a bioactive compound, obtained from Entandrophragma angolense (EA), which has limited therapeutic usefulness due to poor aqueous solubility and first-pass effects. Cyclodextrins are cyclic oligosaccharides that form complexes with poorly soluble compounds, thus enhancing their pharmacological activity. In this article, we evaluated the pharmacological activities of gedunin-2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin complex (GCD) in rodents. The antinociceptive activity of GCD (50, 100, 200 mg/kg) and Gedunin (50mg/kg) was tested in acetic acid-induced writhing and formalin-induced paw licking in mice. The anti-inflammatory activity was investigated in carrageenan-induced paw oedema and air pouch inflammation models in rats. Leucocytes counts, Tumour Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) level, nitric oxide, malondialdehyde, reduced glutathione, and myeloperoxidase enzyme activities were assessed in the air pouch exudate. The GCD (200mg/kg) significantly decreased writhing response, reduced licking duration and decreased oedema compared with gedunin and control. Exudate volume and leucocyte count were significantly reduced by GCD (200 mg/kg), it decreased myeloperoxidase activity and inhibited TNF-α release. The carrageenan-induced GSH depletion, increased malondialdehyde and nitrite levels were significantly reversed by GCD (200 mg/kg) relative to gedunin and control. The GCD complex demonstrated significant antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities relative to gedunin alone via mechanisms associated with inhibition of oxidative stress and inflammation in rodents.
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Wu EY, Sun WJ, Wang Y, Zhang GY, Xu BC, Chen XG, Hao KY, He LZ, Si HB. Optimization of Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Total Flavonoids from Abrus Cantoniensis ( Abriherba) by Response Surface Methodology and Evaluation of Its Anti-Inflammatory Effect. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27072036. [PMID: 35408435 PMCID: PMC9000698 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Abrus cantoniensis is a Chinese herbal medicine with efficacy in clearing heat and detoxification, as well as relieving liver pain. The whole plant, except the seeds, can be used and consumed. Flavonoids have been found in modern pharmacological studies to have important biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antioxidant properties. The antibacterial and antioxidant bioactivities of the total flavonoids of Abrus cantoniensis (ATF) have been widely reported in national and international journals, but there are fewer studies on their anti-inflammatory effects. The present study focused on the optimization of the ultrasonic extraction process of ATF by response surface methodology and the study of its anti-inflammatory effects in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that the factors that had a great impact on the ATF extraction were the material-to-liquid ratio, ultrasonic extraction cycles and ethanol concentration. The best extraction process used a material-to-liquid ratio of 1:47, ultrasonic extraction cycles of 4 times, an ethanol concentration of 50%, an ultrasonic extraction time of 40 min and an ultrasonic power of 125 W. Under these conditions, the actual extraction rate of total flavonoids was 3.68%, which was not significantly different from the predicted value of 3.71%. In an in vitro anti-inflammatory assay, ATF was found to be effective in alleviating LPS (lipopolysaccharide)-induced inflammation in mouse peritoneal macrophages. In an in vivo anti-inflammatory assay, ATF was found to have a significant inhibitory effect on xylene-induced ear swelling in mice and cotton ball granuloma in mice, and the inhibitory effect was close to that of the positive control drug dexamethasone. This may provide a theoretical basis for the further development of the medicinal value of Abrus cantoniensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- En-Yun Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (E.-Y.W.); (Y.W.); (G.-Y.Z.); (B.-C.X.); (X.-G.C.); (K.-Y.H.); (L.-Z.H.)
| | - Wen-Jing Sun
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Biology & Pharmacy, Yulin Normal University, No. 1303 Jiaoyu East Road, Yulin 537000, China;
| | - Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (E.-Y.W.); (Y.W.); (G.-Y.Z.); (B.-C.X.); (X.-G.C.); (K.-Y.H.); (L.-Z.H.)
| | - Ge-Yin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (E.-Y.W.); (Y.W.); (G.-Y.Z.); (B.-C.X.); (X.-G.C.); (K.-Y.H.); (L.-Z.H.)
| | - Bai-Chang Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (E.-Y.W.); (Y.W.); (G.-Y.Z.); (B.-C.X.); (X.-G.C.); (K.-Y.H.); (L.-Z.H.)
| | - Xiao-Gang Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (E.-Y.W.); (Y.W.); (G.-Y.Z.); (B.-C.X.); (X.-G.C.); (K.-Y.H.); (L.-Z.H.)
| | - Kai-Yuan Hao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (E.-Y.W.); (Y.W.); (G.-Y.Z.); (B.-C.X.); (X.-G.C.); (K.-Y.H.); (L.-Z.H.)
| | - Ling-Zhi He
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (E.-Y.W.); (Y.W.); (G.-Y.Z.); (B.-C.X.); (X.-G.C.); (K.-Y.H.); (L.-Z.H.)
| | - Hong-Bin Si
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (E.-Y.W.); (Y.W.); (G.-Y.Z.); (B.-C.X.); (X.-G.C.); (K.-Y.H.); (L.-Z.H.)
- Correspondence:
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Ren J, Wang R, Fan W, Li T, Dong P, Pan G, Ren M, Jiang M. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of multi-components in Xing-Su-Ning Capsules for quality improvement. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.103825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Yang M, Jiang Z, Wen M, Wu Z, Zha M, Xu W, Zhang L. Chemical Variation of Chenpi (Citrus Peels) and Corresponding Correlated Bioactive Compounds by LC-MS Metabolomics and Multibioassay Analysis. Front Nutr 2022; 9:825381. [PMID: 35284442 PMCID: PMC8905505 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.825381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The peel of Citrus reticulata “Chachi” (CP) possesses various health-promoting benefits and is not only one of the most famous Chinese herbal medicine, but also an ingredient in fermented foods. In the present study, the effects of storage years (1-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, and 11-years) on the chemical profiling and potential bioactive compounds of CP were compared by metabolomics and in vitro bioactivity analysis. With the increase of storage time, the content of hesperidin significantly decreased, but nobiletin, 3,5,6,7,8,3′,4′-heptamethoxyflavone, and tangeretin were increased. Meanwhile, the antioxidant activity of CP was enhanced. Phenolic acids, flavonol glycosides, fatty acids, and alkyl glycosides were marker compounds that were responsible for distinguishing the storage time of CP. Correlation analysis suggested that some polyphenols including quercetin-glucoside, quinic acid, trihydroxydimethoxyflavone, and rutin were potential antioxidant compounds in CP. The dichloromethane and n-butanol fractions showed the better antioxidant capacity and inhibitory effects on glucose-hydrolysis enzymes. They mainly contained ferulic acid, nobiletin, 3,5,6,7,8,3′,4′-heptamethoxyflavone, kaempferol, and hesperidin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects of Ministry of Education, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Zongde Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects of Ministry of Education, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Mingchun Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects of Ministry of Education, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhenfeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
- Zhenfeng Wu
| | - Minyu Zha
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects of Ministry of Education, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Wen Xu
- The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects of Ministry of Education, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Liang Zhang
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Mączka W, Grabarczyk M, Wińska K. Can Antioxidants Reduce the Toxicity of Bisphenol? Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020413. [PMID: 35204295 PMCID: PMC8869647 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BPA is still the subject of extensive research due to its widespread use, despite its significant toxicity resulting not only from its negative impact on the endocrine system but also from disrupting the organism’s oxidative homeostasis. At the molecular level, bisphenol A (BPA) causes an increased production of ROS and hence a change in the redox balance, mitochondrial dysfunction, and modulation of cell signaling pathways. Importantly, these changes accumulate in animals and humans, and BPA toxicity may be aggravated by poor diet, metabolic disorders, and coexisting diseases. Accordingly, approaches using antioxidants to counteract the negative effects of BPA are being considered. The preliminary results that are described in this paper are promising, however, it should be emphasized that further studies are required to determine the optimal dosage and treatment regimen to counteract BPA toxicity. It also seems necessary to have a more holistic approach showing, on the one hand, the influence of BPA on the overall human metabolism and, on the other hand, the influence of antioxidants in doses that are acceptable with the diet on BPA toxicity. This is due in part to the fact that in many cases, the positive effect of antioxidants in in vitro studies is not confirmed by clinical studies. For this reason, further research into the molecular mechanisms of BPA activity is also recommended.
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Santin JR, Benvenutti L, Broering MF, Nunes R, Goldoni FC, Patel YBK, de Souza JA, Kopp MAT, de Souza P, da Silva RDCV, Pastor MVD, de Souza AB, Testoni LD, Couto AG, Bresolin TMB, Quintão NLM. Sambucus nigra: A traditional medicine effective in reducing inflammation in mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 283:114736. [PMID: 34648899 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Sambucus nigra L. is a plant of European origin and popularly known as elder, elderberry, black elder, European elder, European elderberry, and European black elderberry, being described in pharmacopoeia of several countries. Its flowers and berries have been used in folk medicine to treat feverish conditions, coughing, nasal congestion, and influenza besides its popular use as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and diuretic agent. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this investigation was to elucidate the anti-inflammatory and the relaxant effect of the lyophilized aqueous extract obtained from S. nigra's flowers on in vivo and in vitro inflammation assays and on the isolated rat vascular and airway smooth muscle tissue. MATERIAL AND METHODS The anti-inflammatory activity of the extract was investigated using carrageenan-induced inflammation model in the subcutaneous tissue of male Swiss mice orally treated with S. nigra extract (30, 100, 300 or 600 mg/kg). Leukocyte influx and the secretion of chemical mediators were quantified in the inflamed exudate. Additionally, histological analysis of the pouches was performed. N-Formyl-methionine-leucine-phenylalanine-induced chemotaxis, lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-10 and NO production, and adhesion molecule expression (CD62L, CD49d and CD18, flow cytometry) were analyzed in vitro using oyster glycogen-recruited peritoneal neutrophils or macrophages (RAW 264.7) stimulated with LPS and treated with the extract (1, 10 or 100 μg/mL). The resolution of inflammation was accessed by efferocytosis assay, and the antinociceptive activity was investigated using carrageenan-induced mechanical hypersensitivity. Finally, the effect of the extract was evaluated in isolated rat aorta and trachea rings. RESULTS The oral treatment with S. nigra promoted reduction in the neutrophil migration as well as the decrease of TNF, IL-1β and IL-6 levels in the inflamed exudate. In vitro treatment with S. nigra decreased NO2-, TNF, IL-1β and IL-6 and promoted increase of IL-10 in LPS-stimulated neutrophils. Similarly, the extract reduced the NO2-, TNF and IL-6 in LPS-stimulated macrophages. Rutin, the major constituent of S. nigra extract reduced NO2-, TNF, IL-1β, and IL-6 and promoted the increase of IL-10 in LPS-stimulated neutrophils supernatant. The extract also shed CD62L and CD18 expressions. The extract was able to increase the efferocytosis of apoptotic neutrophils by increasing the IL-10 and decreasing the TNF levels. Additionally, the extract reduced the hypersensitivity induced by carrageenan and promoted a relaxant effect in isolated vascular and non-vascular rat tissue. CONCLUSIONS S. nigra flowers extract presents anti-inflammatory effect by modulating macrophage and neutrophil functions including the production of inflammatory mediators and cell migration, by promoting efferocytosis and consequently the resolution of acute inflammation, besides exerting antinociceptive effects, scientifically proving its popular use as medicinal plant. Allied to the relaxant effect in both vascular and non-vascular smooth muscle tissue, S. nigra extract represents an important tool for the management of acute inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Roberto Santin
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade Do Vale Do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Larissa Benvenutti
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade Do Vale Do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Milena Fronza Broering
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade Do Vale Do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Roberta Nunes
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade Do Vale Do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Capitanio Goldoni
- Biomedicine Course, School of Health Sciences, Universidade Do Vale Do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | - Jade André de Souza
- Biomedicine Course, School of Health Sciences, Universidade Do Vale Do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Mainara Adriane Tesser Kopp
- Biomedicine Course, School of Health Sciences, Universidade Do Vale Do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Priscila de Souza
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade Do Vale Do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | | | - Angelita Boldieri de Souza
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade Do Vale Do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Letícia Debatin Testoni
- Pharmacy Course, School of Health Sciences, Universidade Do Vale Do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Angélica Garcia Couto
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade Do Vale Do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Tania Mari Belle Bresolin
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade Do Vale Do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Nara Lins Meira Quintão
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade Do Vale Do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
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Fakhri S, Abbaszadeh F, Moradi SZ, Cao H, Khan H, Xiao J. Effects of Polyphenols on Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Interconnected Pathways during Spinal Cord Injury. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:8100195. [PMID: 35035667 PMCID: PMC8759836 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8100195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Despite the progression in targeting the complex pathophysiological mechanisms of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) and spinal cord injury (SCI), there is a lack of effective treatments. Moreover, conventional therapies suffer from associated side effects and low efficacy, raising the need for finding potential alternative therapies. In this regard, a comprehensive review was done regarding revealing the main neurological dysregulated pathways and providing alternative therapeutic agents following SCI. From the mechanistic point, oxidative stress and inflammatory pathways are major upstream orchestras of cross-linked dysregulated pathways (e.g., apoptosis, autophagy, and extrinsic mechanisms) following SCI. It urges the need for developing multitarget therapies against SCI complications. Polyphenols, as plant-derived secondary metabolites, have the potential of being introduced as alternative therapeutic agents to pave the way for treating SCI. Such secondary metabolites presented modulatory effects on neuronal oxidative stress, neuroinflammatory, and extrinsic axonal dysregulated pathways in the onset and progression of SCI. In the present review, the potential role of phenolic compounds as critical phytochemicals has also been revealed in regulating upstream dysregulated oxidative stress/inflammatory signaling mediators and extrinsic mechanisms of axonal regeneration after SCI in preclinical and clinical studies. Additionally, the coadministration of polyphenols and stem cells has shown a promising strategy for improving post-SCI complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Abbaszadeh
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Neurobiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Zachariah Moradi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran
| | - Hui Cao
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo-Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, 23200, Pakistan
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo-Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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Bannwart TA, Bersani-Amado CA, Ames FQ, Siqueira VLD, Oliveira AJBD, Gonçalves RAC. Exopolysaccharides from Klebsiella oxytoca: anti-inflammatory activity. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902022e190511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Dwita LP, Hikmawanti NPE, Yeni, Supandi. Extract, fractions, and ethyl- p-methoxycinnamate isolate from Kaempferia galanga Elicit anti-inflammatory activity by limiting leukotriene B4 (LTB4) production. J Tradit Complement Med 2021; 11:563-569. [PMID: 34765520 PMCID: PMC8572713 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2021.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Kaempferia galanga, also known as aromatic Ginger (kencur) in Indonesia, has been widely explored and shows potential as an anti-inflammatory agent. However, there has been limited research to show a possible mechanism by which aromatic ginger inhibits lipoxygenase (LOX). Therefore, this study aims to determine the anti-inflammatory activity of aromatic ginger by comparing extract, fractions, and ethyl-p-methoxycinnamate (EPMC) isolate, as well as possible LOX inhibition activity, by reducing the production of leukotriene B4 (LTB4). Experimental procedure Two animal models were used, namely, the carrageenan-induced granuloma air pouch model and the pleurisy model. The test substance was administered 1 h before carrageenan induction, which was performed orally for each animal model. The number of leukocytes and the malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, leukotriene B4 (LTB4) levels, and histology were observed. GC-MS and LC-MS were used for analysis of the chemical compounds in the test samples. Results and conclusion The results of GC-MS analysis showed that aromatic ginger rhizome extract and fractions were dominated by ethyl-trans-p-methoxycinnamate, with the highest level found in the extract. K. galanga showed significant anti-inflammatory activity compared to the control (p < 0.01) in both the granuloma air pouch and pleurisy models. The results of examining the LTB4 concentration showed comparable activity between K. galanga extract, fractions and EMPC isolate, these results were not better than those of zileuton. Overall, this study shows that aromatic ginger extract, fractions and EPMC isolate have anti-inflammatory properties and have the potential to inhibit LOX, thereby reducing LTB4 levels. Comparison of extract, fraction and isolate of Kamperia galanga anti-inflammation activity. Anti-inflammatory activity of Kaempferia galanga in pleurisy model. Extract, fraction and isolate of Kamperia galanga as LOX inhibitor.
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Key Words
- AA, arachidonic acid
- ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome
- Anti-inflammation
- COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- COX, cyclooxygenase
- E, ethanol extract
- EAF, ethyl acetate fraction
- EPMC, ethyl-p-methoxycinnamate
- FLAP, 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein
- Granuloma-air pouch
- HF, n-hexane fraction
- IBD, inflammatory bowel disease
- IL, interleukin
- LOX, lipoxygenase
- LTA4H, LTA4 hydrolase
- LTB4, leukotriene B4
- Lipoxygenase
- MDA, malondialdehyde
- PG, prostaglandin
- Pleurisy
- TBA, thiobarbituric acid
- TEP, tetraethoxypropane
- TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α
- WF, water fraction
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Affiliation(s)
- Lusi Putri Dwita
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Science, Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. DR. HAMKA, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ni Putu Ermi Hikmawanti
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Science, Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. DR. HAMKA, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Yeni
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Science, Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. DR. HAMKA, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Supandi
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Science, Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. DR. HAMKA, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Wong ESW, Li RWS, Li J, Li R, Seto SW, Lee SMY, Leung GPH. Relaxation effect of narirutin on rat mesenteric arteries via nitric oxide release and activation of voltage-gated potassium channels. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 905:174190. [PMID: 34015322 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Narirutin is one of the most common flavanones found in citrus fruits. The vascular effects of its analogues naringenin and naringin have been reported but its effects on the cardiovascular system are largely unknown. In this study, relaxation effect of narirutin and its mechanisms of action were investigated by measuring isometric tension in rat mesenteric arteries. Patch-clamping was also used to study the effect of narirutin on potassium channels in vascular smooth muscle cells. Moreover, its effects on phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase, cAMP level and phosphodiesterase activity in rat mesenteric arteries were studied by Western blot and biochemical assays. The results showed that pre-incubation of rat mesenteric arteries with narirutin had no influence on acetylcholine-induced endothelial-dependent relaxation. However, narirutin caused a direct concentration-dependent relaxation in rat mesenteric arteries. This relaxation effect was comparable to that of narirutin's structural analogue naringenin. Narirutin-induced relaxation was reduced by the removal of endothelium, NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor), and 4-aminopyridine (a voltage-gated potassium channel blocker). In addition, narirutin increased the phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase and increased the voltage-dependent potassium current in mesenteric arterial smooth muscle cells. These effects were abolished by protein kinase A inhibitor. Furthermore, narirutin could increase cAMP level and inhibit phosphodiesterase activity in rat mesenteric arteries. In conclusion, narirutin has vasorelaxing effect and the mechanism involves the inhibition of phosphodiesterase, which increases intracellular cAMP, thereby stimulating the endothelial nitric oxide synthase and activating the voltage-gated potassium channels in vascular smooth muscle cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Sze-Wan Wong
- Applied Science and Environmental Studies, Department of Science, School of Science and Technology, The Open University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Rachel Wai-Sum Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Renkai Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Sai-Wang Seto
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Simon Ming-Yuen Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau
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Hassan RA, Hozayen WG, Abo Sree HT, Al-Muzafar HM, Amin KA, Ahmed OM. Naringin and Hesperidin Counteract Diclofenac-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Male Wistar Rats via Their Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antiapoptotic Activities. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:9990091. [PMID: 34422219 PMCID: PMC8376442 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9990091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
This study is aimed at evaluating the preventive effect and at suggesting the mode of actions of naringin and hesperidin and their combination in diclofenac-induced hepatotoxicity. Male Wistar rats, intraperitoneally injected with diclofenac sodium (3 mg/kg b.wt/day), were orally treated with naringin (20 mg/kg b.wt/day) and hesperidin (20 mg/kg b.wt/day) and their combination for 4 weeks. The administrations of naringin and hesperidin to diclofenac-injected rats led to a significant decrease in the elevated serum ALT, AST, LDH, ALP, GGT, total bilirubin, TNF-α, and IL-17 levels as well as liver lipid peroxidation and liver p53 and caspase-3 mRNA expressions. In contrast, serum IL-4 level, liver GSH content, and liver GPx and SOD activities increased. In association, diclofenac-induced deleterious histological alterations including hydropic degeneration, cytoplasmic vacuolization, apoptosis, and focal hepatic necrosis of hepatocytes associated with inflammatory cells' infiltration were remarkably improved by treatments with naringin and hesperidin. In conclusion, naringin, hesperidin, and their combination, which was the most potent, counteract diclofenac-induced liver injury via antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic actions. Thus, this study recommends the use of naringin and hesperidin or their combination to resolve the side effects of drugs like diclofenac on the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha A. Hassan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, P.O. Box 62521, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Walaa G. Hozayen
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, P.O. Box 62521, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Haidy T. Abo Sree
- Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Nahda University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Hessah M. Al-Muzafar
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kamal A. Amin
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
- Basic & Applied Scientific Research Center, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama M. Ahmed
- Physiology Division, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, P.O. Box 62521, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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Abstract
The subcutaneous air pouch is an in vivo model that can be used to study the components of acute and chronic inflammation, the resolution of the inflammatory response, the oxidative stress response, and potential therapeutic targets for treating inflammation. Injection of irritants into an air pouch in rats or mice induces an inflammatory response that can be quantified by the volume of exudate produced, the infiltration of cells, and the release of inflammatory mediators. The model presented in this article has been extensively used to identify potential anti-inflammatory drugs. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol: Air pouch model in the rat Alternate Protocol: Air pouch model in the mouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill C Fehrenbacher
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Kenneth E McCarson
- Kansas Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center (KIDDRC), Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
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Anti-Inflammatory and Healing Activity of the Hydroalcoholic Fruit Extract of Solanum diploconos (Mart.) Bohs. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:9957451. [PMID: 34337087 PMCID: PMC8315888 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9957451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Solanum diploconos (Mart.) Bohs is a native Brazilian plant belonging to the Solanaceae family, popularly known as “tomatinho do mato” and poorly investigated. Herein, we presented for the first time evidence for the anti-inflammatory and wound healing activities of S. diploconos fruit hydroalcoholic extract. Material and Methods. In vitro fMLP-induced chemotaxis, LPS-induced inflammatory mediator levels (cytokines by ELISA and NO release by Griess reaction), and adhesion molecule expression (CD62L, CD49d, and CD18, by flow-cytometry) were assessed in neutrophils treated with different concentrations of the extract. Inflammation resolution was measured by the efferocytosis assay and the healing activity by in vivo and in vitro assays. The air pouch model of carrageenan-induced inflammation in Swiss mice was used to investigate the in vivo anti-inflammatory effects of the extract. Leukocyte influx (by optical microscopy) and cytokine release were quantified in the pouch exudates. Additionally, the acute and subacute toxic and genotoxic effects of the extract were evaluated. Results In vitro, the extract impaired neutrophil chemotaxis and its ability to produce and/or release cytokines (TNFα, IL-1β, and IL-6) and NO upon LPS stimuli (p < 0.01). LPS-treated neutrophils incubated with the extract presented increased CD62L expression (p < 0.01), indicating a reduced activation. An enhanced efferocytosis of apoptotic neutrophils by macrophages was observed and accompanied by higher IL-10 and decreased TNFα secretion (p < 0.01). In vivo, similar results were noted, including reduction of neutrophil migration, protein exudation, and cytokine release (p < 0.01). Also, the extract increased fibroblast proliferation and promoted skin wound healing (p < 0.01). No signs of toxicity or genotoxicity were observed for the extract. Conclusion S. diploconos fruit extract is anti-inflammatory by modulating neutrophil migration/activation as well macrophage-dependent efferocytosis and inflammatory mediator release. It also indicates its potential use as a healing agent. Finally, the absence of acute toxic and genotoxic effects reinforces its possible use as medicinal product.
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Akamo AJ, Rotimi SO, Akinloye DI, Ugbaja RN, Adeleye OO, Dosumu OA, Eteng OE, Amah G, Obijeku A, Cole OE. Naringin prevents cyclophosphamide-induced hepatotoxicity in rats by attenuating oxidative stress, fibrosis, and inflammation. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 153:112266. [PMID: 33992719 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cyclophosphamide (CYCP), a synthetic alkylating antineoplastic, disrupts both cancerous and non-cancerous cells to cause cancer regression and multi organotoxicity respectively. CYCP-induced hepatotoxicity is rare but possible. Evidence has shown that naringin has several beneficial potentials against oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis. This study examined the chemoprotective potentials of naringin on exited radical scavenging, hepatic integrity, oxidative stress, fibrosis, and inflammation in CYCP-mediated hepatotoxicity. Rats were pre-treated orally by gavage for fourteen consecutive days with three doses (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) of naringin before single CYCP (200 mg/kg, i.p.) administration. Subsequently, the rats were euthanized; blood and liver were removed, and assessed for serum and hepatic enzymes, oxidative stress, inflammation, and gene expression dynamics. Naringin concentrations required for 50% scavenging hydroxyl radical and 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) radical cation were 0.32 mg/mL and 0.39 mg/mL, respectively. Pretreatment with naringin significantly (p < 0.05) abolish CYCP-induced changes in the activities of serum and hepatic ALT, AST, GGT, ALP, and LDH. Pretreatment with naringin remarkably (p < 0.05) reversed CYCP-mediated increases in hepatic levels of malondialdehyde, hydroperoxide, and nitric oxide; reverse CYCP-induced decreases in the hepatic glutathione levels, activities of catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase; and also attenuated CYCP-induced upregulation of expression of hepatic chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2), interferon alpha1 (IFN-α1), interleukine-1β, interleukine-1 receptor, and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1). Taken together, different doses of naringin can prevent CYCP-induced oxidants generation, hepatocytes dysfunctions, oxidative stress as well as inflammatory perturbations in rats when pre-administered for as few as 14 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adio J Akamo
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria.
| | - Solomon O Rotimi
- Biochemistry Unit and Molecular Biology Research Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Dorcas I Akinloye
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Regina N Ugbaja
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Oluwagbemiga O Adeleye
- Department of Animal Production and Health, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Oluwatosin A Dosumu
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Ofem E Eteng
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Gogonte Amah
- Department of Biochemistry, Benjamin Carson (SRN) School of Medicine, Babcock University, Ilisan, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Augustine Obijeku
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Oluwatosin E Cole
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
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A Network Pharmacology Study Based on the Mechanism of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium-Pinelliae Rhizoma in the Treatment of Gastric Cancer. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:6667560. [PMID: 33953786 PMCID: PMC8068544 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6667560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Objective To explore the mechanism of action of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium-Pinelliae Rhizoma (CRP-PR) in treating gastric cancer (GC) by using pharmacology network. Methods Based on oral bioavailability and drug-likeness, the main active components of CRP-PR were screened using the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP). DisGeNET Database was used to establish target databases for GC. Cytoscape software was used to construct a visual interactive network diagram of “Active Component-Target” and screen out the key targets. The STRING database was used to construct a protein interaction network. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were performed on the key targets. Additionally, TCGA and HPA databases were used for key target verification. Results Thirty-seven active components of CRP-PR were screened. The results of network analysis showed that the main components include 8-octadecenoic acid, stigmasterol, ferulic acid, and naringenin of the CRP-PR herb pair. The key targets of the PPI network mainly involved GAPDH, MAPK3, JUN, STAT3, GSK3B, SIRT1, ERBB2, and SMAD2. GO enrichment analysis involves 540 biological processes, 118 cellular components, and 171 molecular functions. CRP-PR components were predicted to exert their therapeutic effect on the tumor signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, and estrogen signaling pathway. The validation of the key genes in the TCGA and HPA database showed that most of the key target verification results were consistent with this article. Conclusion CRP-PR can treat GC by mediating PI3K-Akt signal pathway, MAPK signal pathway, and other biological processes such as tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, and vascular regeneration, which embodies the synergistic effect of multi-components, multi-targets, and multi-channels, and provides the theoretical basis and research ideas for further study of CRP-PR in treating GC. 8-octadecenoic acid, stigmasterol, ferulic acid, and naringenin may be the material basis for the treatment of GC.
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Miguez PA, Tuin SA, Robinson AG, Belcher J, Jongwattanapisan P, Perley K, de Paiva Gonҫalves V, Hanifi A, Pleshko N, Barton ER. Hesperidin Promotes Osteogenesis and Modulates Collagen Matrix Organization and Mineralization In Vitro and In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3223. [PMID: 33810030 PMCID: PMC8004833 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the direct effect of a phytochemical, hesperidin, on pre-osteoblast cell function as well as osteogenesis and collagen matrix quality, as there is little known about hesperidin's influence in mineralized tissue formation and regeneration. Hesperidin was added to a culture of MC3T3-E1 cells at various concentrations. Cell proliferation, viability, osteogenic gene expression and deposited collagen matrix analyses were performed. Treatment with hesperidin showed significant upregulation of osteogenic markers, particularly with lower doses. Mature and compact collagen fibrils in hesperidin-treated cultures were observed by picrosirius red staining (PSR), although a thinner matrix layer was present for the higher dose of hesperidin compared to osteogenic media alone. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy indicated a better mineral-to-matrix ratio and matrix distribution in cultures exposed to hesperidin and confirmed less collagen deposited with the 100-µM dose of hesperidin. In vivo, hesperidin combined with a suboptimal dose of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) (dose unable to promote healing of a rat mandible critical-sized bone defect) in a collagenous scaffold promoted a well-controlled (not ectopic) pattern of bone formation as compared to a large dose of BMP2 (previously defined as optimal in healing the critical-sized defect, although of ectopic nature). PSR staining of newly formed bone demonstrated that hesperidin can promote maturation of bone organic matrix. Our findings show, for the first time, that hesperidin has a modulatory role in mineralized tissue formation via not only osteoblast cell differentiation but also matrix organization and matrix-to-mineral ratio and could be a potential adjunct in regenerative bone therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia A. Miguez
- Division of Comprehensive Oral Health, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;
| | - Stephen A. Tuin
- Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (S.A.T.); (A.G.R.); (P.J.)
| | - Adam G. Robinson
- Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (S.A.T.); (A.G.R.); (P.J.)
| | | | - Prapaporn Jongwattanapisan
- Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (S.A.T.); (A.G.R.); (P.J.)
| | - Kimberly Perley
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
| | - Vinicius de Paiva Gonҫalves
- Division of Comprehensive Oral Health, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;
| | - Arash Hanifi
- Department of Bioengineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA; (A.H.); (N.P.)
| | - Nancy Pleshko
- Department of Bioengineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA; (A.H.); (N.P.)
| | - Elisabeth R. Barton
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;
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de Souza JA, Patel YBK, Grockoski HA, Nunes R, Ramos SA, Pastor MVD, Stoeberl LC, Campos A, Cechinel Filho V, Santin JR, Quintão NLM. Toxicological and anti-inflammatory profile of Synadenium grantii Hook. f. in mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 267:113487. [PMID: 33091500 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Synadenium grantii Hook. f., popularly known as "janaúba" or "leiterinha", is used in the folk medicine to treat gastric disorders, some types of neoplasias and inflammatory diseases. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to show the anti-inflammatory activity of the methanol extract obtained from S. grantii stems and also certify the safety of the extract performing toxicological analysis. MATERIAL AND METHODS The anti-inflammatory activity was investigated using carrageenan-induced inflammation in the subcutaneous tissue of male Swiss mice orally pre-treated with the S. grantii extract (1, 3 or 10 mg/kg). The leukocyte influx (optical microscopy) and secretion of chemical mediators (TNF, IL-6 and IL-1β, by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) were quantified in the inflamed exudate. The toxicity was investigated using the dose-fixed procedure (acute toxicity) and repeated dose 28-day (subacute toxicity) in mice orally treated with S. grantii extract. The open field and rota-rod test were used to evaluate possible interference of adverse effect of S. grantii on motor coordination, locomotor and exploratory activity. RESULTS The analysis of the inflammatory exudate of S. grantii-treated mice demonstrated reduction in the polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) migration to the inflamed tissue, as well as the reduction of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF and IL-1β. Furthermore, the acute and sub-acute toxicity studies did not show significant changes in body weight, general behaviour, biochemical parameters, organ weight and liver and kidney histopathological analysis. However, animals acutely treated with S. grantii presented reduction in the number of crosses in relation to the vehicle group, without significant difference in the number of elevations and latency time between the groups in rota-rod test. The obtained results allow to set the NOAEL (Non-observed-adverse-effect level) in 100 mg/kg for this specie of rodent. CONCLUSIONS Together, the results herein obtained show that S. grantii extract presented anti-inflammatory activity by decreasing the influx of PMN to the inflamed tissue, as well as the cytokines TNF and IL-1β levels. In addition, S. grantii extract seemed not to present significant acute or subacute toxicity when administered to mice, demonstrating for the first time the safety of this extract, when orally administered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jade André de Souza
- Biomedicine Course, School of Health Sciences, Universidade Do Vale Do Itajaí (UNIVALI), SC, Brazil
| | | | - Heloise Adeli Grockoski
- Biomedicine Course, School of Health Sciences, Universidade Do Vale Do Itajaí (UNIVALI), SC, Brazil
| | - Roberta Nunes
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade Do Vale Do Itajaí (UNIVALI), SC, Brazil
| | - Silvia Aparecida Ramos
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade Do Vale Do Itajaí (UNIVALI), SC, Brazil
| | | | - Luis Carlos Stoeberl
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade Do Vale Do Itajaí (UNIVALI), SC, Brazil
| | - Adriana Campos
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade Do Vale Do Itajaí (UNIVALI), SC, Brazil
| | - Valdir Cechinel Filho
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade Do Vale Do Itajaí (UNIVALI), SC, Brazil
| | - José Roberto Santin
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade Do Vale Do Itajaí (UNIVALI), SC, Brazil
| | - Nara Lins Meira Quintão
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade Do Vale Do Itajaí (UNIVALI), SC, Brazil.
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Nwadiugwu MC. Inflammatory Activities in Type 2 Diabetes Patients With Co-morbid Angiopathies and Exploring Beneficial Interventions: A Systematic Review. Front Public Health 2021; 8:600427. [PMID: 33569370 PMCID: PMC7868423 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.600427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Diabetes is a long-term condition that can be treated and controlled but do not yet have a cure; it could be induced by inflammation and the goal of managing it is to prevent additional co-morbidities and reduce glycemic fluctuations. There is a need to examine inflammatory activities in diabetes-related angiopathies and explore interventions that could reduce the risk for future outcome or ameliorate its effects to provide insights for improved care and management strategies. Method: The study was conducted in Embase (1946–2020), Ovid Medline (1950–2020), and PubMed databases (1960–2020) using the PICO framework. Primary studies (randomized controlled trials) on type 2 diabetes mellitus and inflammatory activities in diabetes-related angiopathies were included. Terms for the review were retrieved from the Cochrane library and from PROSPERO using its MeSH thesaurus qualifiers. Nine articles out of 454 total hits met the eligibility criteria. The quality assessment for the selected study was done using the Center for Evidence-Based Medicine Critical Appraisal Sheet. Results: Data analysis showed that elevated CRP, TNF-α, and IL-6 were the most commonly found inflammatory indicator in diabetes-related angiopathies, while increased IL-10 and soluble RAGE was an indicator for better outcome. Use of drugs such as salsalate, pioglitazone, simvastatin, and fenofibrate but not glimepiride or benfotiamine reported a significant decrease in inflammatory events. Regular exercise and consumption of dietary supplements such as ginger, hesperidin which have anti-inflammatory properties, and those containing prebiotic fibers (e.g., raspberries) revealed a consistent significant (p < 0.05) reduction in inflammatory activities. Conclusion: Inflammatory activities are implicated in diabetes-related angiopathies; regular exercise, the intake of healthy dietary supplements, and medications with anti-inflammatory properties could result in improved protective risk outcome for diabetes patients by suppressing inflammatory activities and elevating anti-inflammatory events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin C Nwadiugwu
- Faculty of Health and Sports, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom
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Hassan RA, Hozayen WG, Abo Sree HT, Al-Muzafar HM, Amin KA, Ahmed OM. Naringin and Hesperidin Counteract Diclofenac‐Induced Hepatotoxicity in Male Wistar Rats via Their Antioxidant, Anti‐Inflammatory, and Antiapoptotic Activities. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.1155/2021/9990091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
This study is aimed at evaluating the preventive effect and at suggesting the mode of actions of naringin and hesperidin and their combination in diclofenac‐induced hepatotoxicity. Male Wistar rats, intraperitoneally injected with diclofenac sodium (3 mg/kg b.wt/day), were orally treated with naringin (20 mg/kg b.wt/day) and hesperidin (20 mg/kg b.wt/day) and their combination for 4 weeks. The administrations of naringin and hesperidin to diclofenac‐injected rats led to a significant decrease in the elevated serum ALT, AST, LDH, ALP, GGT, total bilirubin, TNF‐α, and IL‐17 levels as well as liver lipid peroxidation and liver p53 and caspase‐3 mRNA expressions. In contrast, serum IL‐4 level, liver GSH content, and liver GPx and SOD activities increased. In association, diclofenac‐induced deleterious histological alterations including hydropic degeneration, cytoplasmic vacuolization, apoptosis, and focal hepatic necrosis of hepatocytes associated with inflammatory cells’ infiltration were remarkably improved by treatments with naringin and hesperidin. In conclusion, naringin, hesperidin, and their combination, which was the most potent, counteract diclofenac‐induced liver injury via antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and antiapoptotic actions. Thus, this study recommends the use of naringin and hesperidin or their combination to resolve the side effects of drugs like diclofenac on the liver.
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Effects of 8 Weeks of 2S-Hesperidin Supplementation on Performance in Amateur Cyclists. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12123911. [PMID: 33371483 PMCID: PMC7767530 DOI: 10.3390/nu12123911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
2S-Hesperidin is a flavanone (flavonoid) found in high concentrations in citrus fruits. It has an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, improving performance in animals. This study investigated the effects of chronic intake of an orange extract (2S-hesperidin) or placebo on non-oxidative/glycolytic and oxidative metabolism markers and performance markers in amateur cyclists. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial was carried out between late September and December 2018. Forty amateur cyclists were randomized into two groups: one taking 500 mg/day 2S-hesperidin and the other taking 500 mg/day placebo (microcellulose) for eight weeks. All participants completed the study. An incremental test was used to evaluate performance, and a step test was used to measure oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide, efficiency and oxidation of carbohydrates and fat by indirect calorimetry. The anaerobic power (non-oxidative) was determined using Wingate tests (30 s). After eight weeks supplementation, there was an increase in the incremental test in estimated functional threshold power (FTP) (3.2%; p ≤ 0.05) and maximum power (2.7%; p ≤ 0.05) with 2S-hesperdin compared to placebo. In the step test, there was a decrease in VO2 (L/min) (−8.3%; p ≤ 0.01) and VO2R (mL/kg/min) (−8.9%; p ≤ 0.01) at VT2 in placebo. However, there were no differences between groups. In the Wingate test, there was a significant increase (p ≤ 0.05) in peak and relative power in both groups, but without differences between groups. Supplementation with an orange extract (2S-hesperdin) 500 mg/day improves estimated FTP and maximum power performance in amateur cyclists.
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New Sustainable Process for Hesperidin Isolation and Anti-Ageing Effects of Hesperidin Nanocrystals. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25194534. [PMID: 33022944 PMCID: PMC7582684 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25194534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hesperidin, a secondary orange (Citrus sinensis) metabolite, was extracted from orange bagasse. No organic solvents or additional energy consumption were used in the clean and sustainable process. Hesperidin purity was approximately 98% and had a yield of 1%. Hesperidin is a known supplement due to antioxidant, chelating, and anti-ageing properties. Herein, hesperidin application to eliminate dark eye circles, which are sensitive and thin skin regions, was studied. In addition, the proposed method for its aqueous extraction was especially important for human consumption. Further, the most effective methods for hesperidin nanonization were explored, after which the nanoemulsions were incorporated into a cream formulation that was formulated for a tropical climate. Silky cream formulations (oil in water) were tested in vitro on artificial 3D skin from cultured cells extracted from skin residues after plastic surgery. The proposed in vitro assay avoided tests of the different formulations in human volunteers and animals. It was shown that one of the nanonized hesperidin formulations was the most skin-friendly and might be used in cosmetics.
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Abbasifard M, Khorramdelazad H. The bio-mission of interleukin-6 in the pathogenesis of COVID-19: A brief look at potential therapeutic tactics. Life Sci 2020; 257:118097. [PMID: 32679148 PMCID: PMC7361088 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6), known as an inflammatory cytokine, can be involved in many innate and adaptive immune responses. The role of IL-6 in the pathogenesis of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has recently received much more attention due to the spread of the virus and its pandemic potential. Cytokine storm is among the most critical pathological events in patients affected with coronaviruses (CoVs), i.e., severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and COVID-19, causing inflammation-induced lung injury and also occurring as a result of dysregulation of immune responses to the mentioned viruses. IL-6, along with some other inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1 beta (β), IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), as well as inflammatory chemokines, can significantly contribute to, fever, lymphopenia, coagulation, lung injury, and multi-organ failure (MOF). Therefore, researchers are to explore novel approaches to treat the disease through targeting of IL-6 and its receptors based on prior experience of other disorders. In this review article, the latest findings on the role of IL-6 in the pathogenesis of COVID-19, as well as therapeutic perspectives, were summarized and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Abbasifard
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran; Department of Internal Medicine, Ali-Ibn-Abi-talib Hospital, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Hossein Khorramdelazad
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Wang J, Bian Y, Cheng Y, Sun R, Li G. Effect of lemon peel flavonoids on UVB-induced skin damage in mice. RSC Adv 2020; 10:31470-31478. [PMID: 35520688 PMCID: PMC9056540 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra05518b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
By establishing an effective ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation model of skin damage in mice, the effect of lemon peel flavonoids (LPF) on skin damage was explored. UVB skin damage in UV-irradiated mice was simulated, and animal models were established. Serum parameters were measured using kits, skin sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) and Masson, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to detect the expression of skin tissue-related mRNA. The experimental results showed that LPF increased the activity of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) oxidases in serum of mice with UVB-induced skin damage and decreased MDA, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels. Pathological observation indicated that LPF alleviated the skin tissue lesions caused by UVB. LPF upregulated the mRNA expression of SOD1, SOD2, CAT, nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and inhibitor of NF-κB alpha (IκB-α) and downregulated the expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), p38 MAPK, and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in the skin tissue of skin-damaged mice. There was a greater protective effect of LPF on the skin as compared to vitamin C (VC) at the same application concentration, and the effect of LPF was positively correlated with the concentration. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis showed that LPF contained five flavonoid compounds, namely isomangiferin, rutin, astragalin, naringin, and quercetin. We demonstrated that flavonoids from LPF exhibit an excellent skin protection effect with satisfactory application value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- National Citrus Engineering Research Center Chongqing 410125 China +86-23-6297-5381
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University Chongqing 400712 China
| | - Yunfeng Bian
- Guang'an Zhengwang Agriculture Co., Ltd Guang'an 638000 Sichuan China
| | - Yujiao Cheng
- National Citrus Engineering Research Center Chongqing 410125 China +86-23-6297-5381
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University Chongqing 400712 China
| | - Rongrong Sun
- National Citrus Engineering Research Center Chongqing 410125 China +86-23-6297-5381
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University Chongqing 400712 China
| | - Guijie Li
- National Citrus Engineering Research Center Chongqing 410125 China +86-23-6297-5381
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University Chongqing 400712 China
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education Chongqing 400067 China
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Cerutti ML, Benvenutti L, Nunes R, da Silva SR, Barauna SC, de Souza MM, Malheiros Â, Lacava L, Quintão NLM, Santin JR. Effects of 2',6'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxydihidrochalcone on innate inflammatory response. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2020; 393:2061-2072. [PMID: 32548784 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-020-01922-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Chalcones present potential therapeutic activities reported on literature, which led us to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects and the acute toxicity of 2',6'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxydihydrochalcone (DHMDC) using in vitro and in vivo models. The anti-inflammatory activity was firstly in vitro investigated using macrophages (RAW 264.7) and neutrophils previously treated with DHMCD activated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Nitrite, IL-1β, and TNF levels were measured in the macrophage culture supernatant, and the adhesion molecule expression (CD62L, CD49D, and CD18) was evaluated in neutrophils. Then, carrageenan-induced inflammation was performed in the subcutaneous tissue of male Swiss mice. Leukocyte migration and histological analysis were performed in the pouches. Toxicological studies were carried out on female Swiss mice (600 mg/kg) through biochemical parameters and histopathological analysis. In vitro, the DHMCD significantly reduced the IL-1β, TNF, and nitrite levels. The DHMCD was also able to modulate the percentage of positive neutrophils for CD62L, without modifying the expression of CD18 or CD49d. In vivo, DHMCD (3 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly reduced neutrophil migration to inflammatory exudate and subcutaneous tissue. No evidence of toxic effect was observed considering the biochemical parameters and histopathological analysis of liver and kidney. Together, the obtained data shows that DHMCD presents anti-inflammatory activity by modulating the macrophage inflammatory protein secretion and also by blocking the CD62L cleavage in neutrophils. Furthermore, there was not any evidence of toxic effect in acute toxicological analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murilo Luiz Cerutti
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí-UNIVALI, Rua Uruguai, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, 458, Brazil
| | - Larissa Benvenutti
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí-UNIVALI, Rua Uruguai, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, 458, Brazil
| | - Roberta Nunes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí-UNIVALI, Rua Uruguai, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, 458, Brazil
| | - Silvia Ramos da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí-UNIVALI, Rua Uruguai, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, 458, Brazil
| | - Sara Cristiane Barauna
- Department of Natural Sciences, Center for Exact and Natural Sciences, Universidade Regional de Blumenau, Blumenau, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Márcia Maria de Souza
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí-UNIVALI, Rua Uruguai, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, 458, Brazil
| | - Ângela Malheiros
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí-UNIVALI, Rua Uruguai, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, 458, Brazil
| | - Letícia Lacava
- School of Health Sciences, Pharmacy Course, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Nara Lins Meira Quintão
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí-UNIVALI, Rua Uruguai, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, 458, Brazil
| | - José Roberto Santin
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí-UNIVALI, Rua Uruguai, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, 458, Brazil.
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Raha S, Kim SM, Lee HJ, Yumnam S, Saralamma VV, Ha SE, Lee WS, Kim GS. Naringin Induces Lysosomal Permeabilization and Autophagy Cell Death in AGS Gastric Cancer Cells. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2020; 48:679-702. [PMID: 32329644 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x20500342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is a process of active programmed cell death, where a dying cell induces autophagosomes and subsequently regulated by degradative machinery. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism behind induction of autophagic cell death by Naringin flavonoid in AGS cancer cells. Growth inhibition of AGS cells showed downregulation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling by Naringin treatment. Transmission electron microscopy observation showed swollen mitochondria and lysosome near peri-nuclear zone fused with autophagic vacuoles. Rapamycin pre-treatment with Naringin showed significant decrease in mTOR phosphorylation and increase in LC3B activation in AGS cells. Decrease in mTOR phosphorylation is associated with lysosomal function activation was observed by time-dependent treatment of Naringin. Induction of lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) was observed by LAMP1 activation leading lysosomal cell death by releasing Cathepsin D from lysosomal lumen to cytosol. Naringin treated AGS cells showed up-regulating BH3 domain Bad, down-regulating Bcl-xL, and Bad phosphorylation and significant mitochondrial fluorescence intensity expression. Significant localization of mitochondria and LC3B activation was examined by person coefficient correlation. Activation of ERK1/2-p38 MAPKs and production of intracellular ROS has been observed over Naringin treatment. It has also been elucidated that pre-treatment with NAC inhibited mitochondria-LC3B colocalization, where ROS acted as upstream of ERK1/2-p38 MAPKs activation. Lysosomal cell death involvement has been evaluated by BAF A1 pre-treatment, inhibiting LAMP1, Cathepsin D, ROS, and blocking autophagolysosome in AGS cell death. Taken together, these findings show that, Naringin induced autophagy cell death involves LMP mediated lysosomal damage and BH3 protein Bad activation in AGS cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchismita Raha
- Research Institute of Life Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gazwa, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, School of Medicine, 90 Chilam-dong, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Min Kim
- Research Institute of Life Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gazwa, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Jeong Lee
- Biological Resources Research Group, Bioenvironmental Science & Toxicology, Division, Gyeongnam Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology (KIT), 17 Jeigok-gil, Jinju 52834, Republic of Korea
| | - Silvia Yumnam
- Research Institute of Life Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gazwa, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea.,College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, 191, Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Korea
| | - Venu VenkatarameGowda Saralamma
- Research Institute of Life Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gazwa, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Eun Ha
- Research Institute of Life Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gazwa, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Sup Lee
- Research Institute of Life Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gazwa, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, School of Medicine, 90 Chilam-dong, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Gon Sup Kim
- Research Institute of Life Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gazwa, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
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Quzhou Fructus Aurantii Extract suppresses inflammation via regulation of MAPK, NF-κB, and AMPK signaling pathway. Sci Rep 2020; 10:1593. [PMID: 32005962 PMCID: PMC6994495 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-58566-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The anti-inflammatory activity of Quzhou Fructus Aurantii Extract (QFAE) has been reported recently. Thus, present study aims to explore the mechanism of anti-inflammation of QFAE in vitro and in vivo to develop a lung phylactic agent. The anti-inflammatory mechanism of QFAE in RAW 264.7 cells and acute lung injury (ALI) mice model was determined by cytokines analysis, histopathological examination, Western blot assay, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry analysis. The results showed that QFAE restrained mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathways in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells, whereas AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathways were activated, as revealed by prominent attenuation of phosphorylation of ERK, JNK, p38, p65, IκBα, RSK and MSK, and overt enhancement of phosphorylation of ACC and AMPKα. The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF, IL-6, and IL-1β were suppressed, whereas the level of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 increased after pretreatment with QFAE in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, QFAE prevented mice from LPS-provoked ALI, bases on alleviating neutrophils, and macrophages in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and mitigatingpulmonary histological alters, as well as hematological change. The MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways in LPS-stimulated ALI mice were dampened by QFAE pretreatment, whereas AMPK signaling pathways were accelerated, as testify by significant restraint of phosphorylation of ERK, JNK, p38, p65, and IκBα, and distinct elevation of phosphorylation of ACC and AMPKα. The remarkable anti-inflammatory effect of QFAE is associated with the suppression of MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways and the initiation of AMPK signaling pathway.
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Yari Z, Movahedian M, Imani H, Alavian SM, Hedayati M, Hekmatdoost A. The effect of hesperidin supplementation on metabolic profiles in patients with metabolic syndrome: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Eur J Nutr 2019; 59:2569-2577. [PMID: 31844967 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-02105-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Hesperidin as an antioxidant flavonoid exerts anti-adipogenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anti-hypercholesterolemic effects. Besides, the increasing prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its allied complications, on the one hand, and the willingness of individuals to use natural products for curing their diseases, on the other hand, led to the design of this study to evaluate the efficacy of hesperidin in normalizing the metabolic abnormalities in patients with MetS. METHODS In this clinical trial with a parallel-group design, 49 patients with MetS received either 500-mg hesperidin or placebo, twice daily, for 12 weeks. Number of participants with treated MetS was considered as a primary end point. Anthropometric parameters, dietary intake, physical activity, lipid profile, glucose homeostasis parameter, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were assessed at the beginning and at the end of the study. This trial is registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03734874. RESULTS Compared with the placebo group, hesperidin decreased fasting glucose level (- 6.07 vs. - 13.32 mg/dL, P = 0.043), triglyceride (- 8.83 vs. - 49.09 mg/dL, P = 0.049), systolic blood pressure (- 0.58 vs. - 2.68 mmHg, P = 0.048) and TNF-α (- 1.29 vs. - 4.44 pg/mL, P = 0.009). Based on the within-group analysis, hesperidin led to significant decrease in serum levels of glucose, insulin, triglyceride, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, TNF-α and hs-CRP, while in control group only glucose and insulin significantly decreased. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that hesperidin supplementation can improve metabolic abnormalities and inflammatory status in patients with MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Yari
- Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Movahedian
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology, Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Imani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mehdi Hedayati
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azita Hekmatdoost
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology, Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Goldoni FC, Barretta C, Nunes R, Broering MF, De Faveri R, Molleri HT, Corrêa TP, Farias IV, Amorin CK, Pastor MVD, Meyre-Silva C, Bresolin TMB, de Freitas RA, Quintão NLM, Santin JR. Effects of Eugenia umbelliflora O. Berg (Myrtaceae)-leaf extract on inflammation and hypersensitivity. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 244:112133. [PMID: 31377260 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The leaves of Eugenia species are widely used in popular medicine to treat several diseases, such as arthritis, rheumatism and diabetes. Eugenia umbelliflora O. Berg is popularly known in Brazil as "baguaçu", name also conferred to Eugenia jambolana probably due to their apparent similarity. Although the popular use scientifically proved of E. jambolana as anti-diabetes and also as anti-inflammatory, there are only two scientific studies demonstrating anti-ulcer and bactericide activities of E. umbelliflora leaves extract, without reference to its possible anti-inflammatory activity. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to show the anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of the methanol extract obtained from E. umbelliflora leaves (EuL) using in vitro and in vivo protocols. MATERIALS AND METHODS The total phenolic content was evaluated using the folin-Ciocalteu colorimetric method and phloroglucinols content by HPLC. The anti-oxidant activity was evaluated by ORAC, ABTS•+, DPPH, and metal chelation methods. The anti-inflammatory activity was investigated using carrageenan-induced inflammation in the subcutaneous tissue of male Swiss mice orally pre-treated with the EuL (0.3, 1 or 3 mg/kg). The leukocyte influx (optical microscopy) and secretion of chemical mediators (TNF, IL-6, IL-1β and CXCL1, by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) were quantified in the inflamed exudate. Histological analysis of the pouches was also performed. The anti-hypersensitive activity was investigated using carrageenan-induced mechanical hypersensitivity and mice were then evaluated using the von Frey filaments. The Open Field test was used to evaluate possible interference of adverse effect of EuL on locomotor activity that could lead to misinterpretation of the hypersensitivity evaluation. RESULTS The EuL demonstrated important and moderate reducing capacity on ABTS•+ and DPPH assays, respectively, but with slight activity in ORAC test. It reflects low protection against cell damage. The EuL also presented 30% of phenolic compounds. The phloroglucinols content of EuL was 25.9 mg/g, 18.4 mg/g and 16.6 mg/g of eugenial C, eugenial D and eugenial E, respectively. The in vivo analysis of the inflammatory exudate of EuL-treated mice demonstrated reduction in the polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) migration to the inflamed tissue, as well as the reduction of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β. Histologically, it was observed evident decrease in the oedema, formed essentially by non-haemorrhagic fibrin exudate, as well as PMN infiltrate, when compared with control mice injected with carrageenan. Furthermore, the extract also presented effective reduction of the mechanical hypersensitivity induced by carrageenan without any interference in animal's locomotor and exploratory activity. CONCLUSIONS Together, the results herein obtained show that EuL presented anti-inflammatory activity by decreasing the influx of PMN to the inflamed tissue, as well as the cytokine IL-1β level. This anti-inflammatory activity was also accompanied by significant anti-hypersensitive effect. The effects presented by EuL seem not to be correlated with an antioxidant activity. However other extract chemical compounds could be responsible for its important anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Claiza Barretta
- Nutrition, Courses, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Roberta Nunes
- Pharmacy, Courses, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Milena Fronza Broering
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Renata De Faveri
- Biomedicine, Courses, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | - Thiago Patrício Corrêa
- Physical Therapy, Courses, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Ingrid Vicente Farias
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Veronica Davila Pastor
- Biomedicine, Courses, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Nutrition, Courses, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Christiane Meyre-Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmacy, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Tania Mari Belle Bresolin
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Rilton Alves de Freitas
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Nara Lins Meira Quintão
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - José Roberto Santin
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
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Hesperidin improves motor disability in rat spinal cord injury through anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanism via Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway. Neurosci Lett 2019; 715:134619. [PMID: 31715292 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.134619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is associated with inflammation with concurrent oxidative stress and glial activation. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether hesperidin, a representative flavonoid in citrus fruits, ameliorates SCI-induced motor dysfunction and neuro-pathologic degeneration in rat model. Rats received hesperidin (100 mg/kg body weight/daily, oral administration) from 7 days prior to SCI to 7 days post SCI. Behavioral test was done on rats with SCI until 6 weeks. For the study of inflammatory molecules in SCI rats with hesperidin treatment, rats were sacrificed at day 4 post SCI, and spinal cords were collected and studied histopathologically. Behavioral tests on hind-limbs of rats with SCI revealed that treatment of hesperidin in rats with SCI significantly ameliorate the hind-limb paralysis beginning at day 21 post SCI. Hesperidin treatment in rats with SCI reduced the neuropathological changes (e.g., hemorrhage, inflammatory cell infiltration, and tissue loss) and pro-inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrotic factor-α and interleukin-1β. In addition, oxidative stress related molecules including superoxide dismutase, catalase, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2 and heme oxygenase-1 were also increased by hesperidin treatment. Furthermore, Fe2+, bilirubin and p38 mitogen activated protein kinase, these by-product of heme catabolism in serum and spinal cord of rats with hesperidin-treatment groups were significantly increased compared with those of vehicle-treatment group. Collectively, this study implies that hesperidin accelerates recovery of locomotor function and tissue repair of damaged spinal cord, with concurrent upregulation of heme oxygenase-1 as far as rat SCI model is concerned.
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Broering MF, Nunes R, De Faveri R, De Faveri A, Melato J, Correa TP, Vieira ME, Malheiros A, Meira Quintão NL, Santin JR. Effects of Tithonia diversifolia (Asteraceae) extract on innate inflammatory responses. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 242:112041. [PMID: 31252095 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Tithonia diversifolia (Helms.) A. Gray, popularly known in Brazil as "margaridão" or "mão-de-Deus" has been used in the folk medicine as anti-inflammatory and against other illnesses in several countries. Indeed, many studies show de effect of T. diversifolia in the inflammatory process, however, any of them have demonstrated the mechanism of cell migration. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this investigation was to show the in vivo and in vitro effects of T. diversifolia leaves ethanol extract on neutrophil trafficking from the blood to the inflamed tissue and on cell-derived secretion of chemical mediators, as well as, the effects on inflammatory resolution and inflammatory pain. MATERIALS AND METHODS Anti-inflammatory activity was investigated using carrageenan-induced inflammation in the subcutaneous tissue of male Swiss mice orally treated with the T. diversifolia extract (0.1, 1 or 3 mg/kg). The leukocyte influx (optical microscopy) and the secretion of chemical mediators (TNF, IL-6, IL-1β and CXCL1, by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) were quantified in the inflamed exudate. Histological analysis of the pouches was performed. N-Formyl-methionine-leucine-phenylalanine-induced chemotaxis, lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF, IL-6, IL-1β, CXCL1 and NO production, and adhesion molecule expression (CD62L and CD18, flow cytometry) were in vitro quantified using oyster glycogen recruited peritoneal neutrophils previous treated with the extract (1, 10, or 100 μg/mL). The resolution of inflammation was accessed by efferocytosis assay, and the antinociceptive activity was investigated using carrageenan-induced mechanical hypersensitivity. RESULTS The oral treatment with T. diversifolia promoted reduction in the neutrophil migration as well as the decrease in total protein, TNF, IL-1β and CXCL1 levels in the inflamed exudate. In vitro treatment with T. diversifolia shedding of β2 integrin expressions, without alter CD62L expression. The extract was able to increase the efferocytosis of apoptotic neutrophils, and the increase of the IL-10 and the decrease of TNF secretion. Additionally, the extract reduced the hypersensitivity induced by carrageenan. CONCLUSIONS Together, the data herein obtained showed that T. diversifolia extract presented anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting the cytokine and NO production, and also the leukocyte migration. The mechanisms involved in the extract anti-inflammatory effects include the impairment in the leukocyte migration to the inflamed tissue, the pro-resolution activity, and consequently the anti-hypersensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Fronza Broering
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Roberta Nunes
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Renata De Faveri
- Biomedicine Course, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Aline De Faveri
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Melato
- Nutrition Course, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Eduarda Vieira
- Biomedicine Course, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Angela Malheiros
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Nara Lins Meira Quintão
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - José Roberto Santin
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
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Effect of the metanolic extract from the leaves of Garcinia humilis Vahl (Clusiaceae) on acute inflammation. Inflammopharmacology 2019; 29:423-438. [PMID: 31552547 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-019-00645-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Garcinia humilis is popularly used to treat digestive, intestinal and inflammatory illness. We investigated the in vivo and in vitro effects of the methanol extract of G. humilis leaves (MEGh) on inflammatory cells behavior (migration and chemical mediators release) and hypersensitivity. Anti-inflammatory activity was investigated using carrageenan-induced inflammation in the subcutaneous tissue of male Swiss mice treated orally with MEGh (0.1-30 mg/kg). Leucocyte migration, chemical mediators secretion (TNF, IL-1β, IL-6 and CXCL1) and protein exudation were quantified in the exudate. The adhesion molecules expression (CD62L and CD18), chemical mediators and chemotaxis was evaluated using neutrophils or macrophages RAW.264.7 previously treated with the extract (1-100 µg/mL) and activated with LPS. The anti-inflammatory activity of the isolated compounds friedelin, canophyllol, amentoflavone and 3-desmethyl-2-geranyl-4-prenylbellidypholine xanthone (10 μM) was evaluated in macrophages nitric oxide (NO) and TNF release. MEGh, given orally (30 mg/kg), significantly reduced neutrophil migration and decreased TNF, IL-1β and CXCL1 levels, without interfering with protein exudation and IL-6. In vitro, the extract significantly reduced IL-1β and IL-6 levels but did not alter TNF and CXCL1. The MEGh also reduced the expression of CD62L and CD18 and consequently neutrophil chemotaxis. The compounds friedelin, amentoflavone and 3-demethyl-2-geranyl-4-prenylbellidypholine xanthone decreased the secretion of NO and TNF by RAW264.7. The MEGh effects were extended to the pain-like behaviour induced by carrageenan in the mice hindpaw. MEGh presented important anti-inflammatory effects probably due to its activity on neutrophil migration and on important chemical mediator release, scientifically reinforcing its use as medicinal plant.
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Martínez-Noguera FJ, Marín-Pagán C, Carlos-Vivas J, Rubio-Arias JA, Alcaraz PE. Acute Effects of Hesperidin in Oxidant/Antioxidant State Markers and Performance in Amateur Cyclists. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11081898. [PMID: 31416212 PMCID: PMC6723516 DOI: 10.3390/nu11081898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Human and animal studies have shown that Hesperidin has the ability to modulate antioxidant and inflammatory state and to improve aerobic performance. The main objective of this study was to assess whether the acute intake of 500 mg of 2S-Hesperidin (Cardiose®) improves antioxidant status, metabolism, and athletic performance, during and after a rectangular test (aerobic and anaerobic effort). For this, a crossover design was used in 15 cyclists (>1 year of training), with one week of washout between placebo and Cardiose® supplementation. After the intervention, significant differences in average power (+2.27%, p = 0.023), maximum speed (+3.23%, p = 0.043) and total energy (∑ 4 sprint test) (+2.64%, p = 0.028) between Cardiose® and placebo were found in the best data of the repeated sprint test. Small changes were also observed in the activity of catalase, superoxide dismutase, reduced glutathione concentration and oxidized/reduced glutathione (GSSG/GSH) ratio, as well as the lipoperoxidation products (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances; TBARS), at different points of the rectangular test, although not significant. Our findings showed improvements in anaerobic performance after Cardiose® intake, but not in placebo, suggesting the potential benefits of using Cardiose® in sports with a high anaerobic component.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cristian Marín-Pagán
- Research Center for High Performance Sport, Catholic University of Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Jorge Carlos-Vivas
- Research Center for High Performance Sport, Catholic University of Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Pedro E Alcaraz
- Faculty of Sport, Research Center for High Performance Sport, Catholic University of Murcia Catholic University of Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain
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