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Bhaskar V, Saini S, Ansari S, Ghai S, Thakur A, Chopra S, Verma V, Malakar D. Allogenic adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells are effective than antibiotics in treating endometritis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11280. [PMID: 37438398 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36820-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometritis is a uterine inflammatory disease that causes reduced livestock fertility, milk production and lifespan leading to significant economic losses to the dairy industry. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) may act as an alternative for inefficacy of antibiotics and rising antibiotic resistance in endometritis. The present study aimed to cure the chronic endometritic buffaloes using allogenic adipose-derived MSCs (AD-MSC). AD-MSCs were isolated from buffalo adipose tissue and characterized by multilineage differentiation as well as MSC-specific markers. The in vivo safety and efficacy were assessed after infusion of AD-MSCs. In safety trial, cells were administered in healthy buffaloes via different routes (IV and IC) followed by examination of clinical and hematological parameters. In efficacy study, AD-MSCs treatments (IV and IC) and antibiotic therapy (ABT) in endometritic buffaloes were comparatively evaluated. AD-MSCs did not induced any immunological reaction in treated buffaloes. PMN count, CRP levels and VDS were significantly (p ≤ 0.05) reduced after AD-MSCs infusions in IV and IC groups and no significant difference was observed in antibiotic group. The IV group was marked with 50% absolute risk reduction in endometritis and 50% live calf births after artificial insemination in comparison with ABT group. Anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL4 and IL10) and anti-microbial peptides (PI3, CATHL4, LCN2 and CST3) expressions were significantly (p ≤ 0.05) upregulated in IV group. The calf delivery rate after the treatments in IV group was higher (50%, 3 calves) than the other groups (IC: 33.3%, 2 calves; ABT: 16.6%, 1 calf). In conclusion, the administration of AD-MSCs through IV route was found to be safe and efficacious for alleviating chronic endometritis in dairy buffaloes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinay Bhaskar
- Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India, 132001
| | - Sikander Saini
- Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India, 132001
| | - Shama Ansari
- Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India, 132001
| | - Shubham Ghai
- Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India, 132001
| | - Abhishek Thakur
- Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India, 132001
| | - Suman Chopra
- Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India, 132001
| | - Vivekananda Verma
- Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India, 132001
| | - Dhruba Malakar
- Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India, 132001.
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Velasque MJSG, Branchini G, Catarina AV, Bettoni L, Fernandes RS, Da Silva AF, Dorneles GP, da Silva IM, Santos MA, Sumienski J, Peres A, Roehe AV, Kohek MBDF, Porawski M, Nunes FB. Fish Oil - Omega-3 Exerts Protective Effect in Oxidative Stress and Liver Dysfunctions Resulting from Experimental Sepsis. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2023; 13:64-74. [PMID: 36647406 PMCID: PMC9840085 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2022.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sepsis is a severe global health problem, with high morbidity and mortality. In sepsis, one of the main affected organs is the liver. Hepatic alterations characterize a negative prognostic. Omega-3 fatty acids (ω3), eicosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid, are part of the main families of polyunsaturated fatty acids. ω3 has been used in studies as sepsis treatment and as a treatment for non-alcoholic liver disease. Aim We aimed to evaluate the effects of treatment with fish oil (FO) rich in ω3 on liver changes and damage resulting from experimental sepsis. Methodology A model of severe sepsis in Wistar rats was used. Oxidative stress in the liver tissue was evaluated by means of tests of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, 2,7-dihydrodichlorofluorescein diacetate , catalase, and glutathione peroxidase, in the serum TBARS, DCF, thiols and, to assess liver dysfunction, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase. Hepatic tissue damage was evaluated using H&E histology. Results In assessments of oxidative stress in liver tissue, a protective effect was observed in the tests of TBARS, DCF, CAT, and GPx, when compared the sepsis versus sepsis+ω3 groups. Regarding the oxidative stress in serum, a protective effect of treatment with ω3 was observed in the TBARS, DCF, and thiols assays, in the comparison between the sepsis and sepsis+ω3 groups. ω3 had also a beneficial effect on biochemical parameters in serum in the analysis of ALT, creatinine, urea, and lactate, observed in the comparison between the sepsis and sepsis+ω3 groups. Conclusion The results suggest ω3 as a liver protector during sepsis with an antioxidant effect, alleviating injuries and dysfunctions.
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Key Words
- ALT, alanine aminotransferase
- AST, aspartate aminotransferase
- CAT, catalase
- DCF, 2,7-dihydrodichlorofluorescein diacetate
- DHA, docosahexaenoic acid
- EPA, eicosapentaenoic acid
- FO, fish oil
- GPx, glutathione peroxidase
- GTO, oxaloacetic transaminase
- GTP, pyruvic transaminase
- HE, Hematoxylin and Eosin
- ICON, Intensive Care Over Nations
- ICU, intensive care unit
- IFN- γ, interferon gamma
- Liver injury
- RNS, reactive nitrogen species
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- TBARS, Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances
- TGF-β, transforming growth factor beta
- TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor alpha
- antioxidant
- inflammation
- omega-3
- oxidative stress
- sepsis
- ω3, omega-3
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary J. Soares Gonçalves Velasque
- Graduate Program in Pathology – Laboratory of Computational, Molecular, and Cellular Biophysics, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Brazil
| | - Gisele Branchini
- Graduate Program in Pathology – Laboratory of Computational, Molecular, and Cellular Biophysics, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Brazil
| | - Anderson V. Catarina
- Graduate Program in Pathology – Laboratory of Computational, Molecular, and Cellular Biophysics, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Brazil
| | - Lais Bettoni
- Graduate Program in Pathology – Laboratory of Computational, Molecular, and Cellular Biophysics, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Brazil
| | - Renata S. Fernandes
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences – Laboratory of Translational Physiology – Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Brazil
| | | | - Gilson P. Dorneles
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology – Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Brazil
| | - Igor Martins da Silva
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology – Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Brazil
| | - Maeli A. Santos
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology – Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Brazil
| | - Juliana Sumienski
- Laboratory of Immunology and Microbiology - Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Brazil
| | - Alessandra Peres
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology – Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Brazil
| | - Adriana V. Roehe
- Graduate Program in Pathology – Laboratory of Pathology – Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Brazil
| | - Maria B. da Fonte Kohek
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology – Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Brazil
| | - Marilene Porawski
- Laboratory of Behavioral and Metabolic Physiology – Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Brazil
| | - Fernanda B. Nunes
- Graduate Program in Pathology – Laboratory of Computational, Molecular, and Cellular Biophysics, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Brazil
- Laboratory of Inflammation and Cellular Biophysics - Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Brazil
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Ghanbari MA, Lashkar Bolouki T, Norouzi P, Bitaraf FS, Bakhshi H, Atashi A. Down-Regulation of CXCR4 in Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Septic Serum. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus 2022; 38:718-725. [PMID: 36258736 PMCID: PMC9569406 DOI: 10.1007/s12288-022-01560-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sepsis is one of the main concerns of health and one of the leading causes of death in hospitals. It is essential to manage sepsis in hospitalized patients. In recent years, cell therapy has been considered as a new approach to treat sepsis. This study evaluated the effect of CXCR4 as one of the main proteins involved in the homing of mesenchymal stem cells in the sepsis serum in mice model. Methods Mouse sepsis model was induced by injection of E.coli and biochemical analyses was done to confirm the organ failure. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from bone marrow were separated into sepsis and control groups. In the sepsis serum group, MSCs were treated with sepsis serum at two time points: 24 and 48 h. Quantitative RT-PCR and flow cytometry were performed to determine the mRNA expression of CXCR4 in sepsis serum group compared to control group. Also, a migration assay was done to assess the migration capacity of bone marrow MSCs during inflammation and treatment in sepsis. Results Our result showed that treatment with sepsis serum can control migration by decrease in CXCR4 level (P ≤ 0.05) compared to control group. Moreover it was also reported that sepsis serum decreased mRNA expression of CXCR4 in MScs. Conclusions In our study, MSCs treated with septic serum were no longer able to migrate . Probably many variables such as source, dose, injection time, and injection route of MSCs after sepsis induction in the animal models are key factors for successful cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pirasteh Norouzi
- School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sadat Bitaraf
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Haniye Bakhshi
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Atashi
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
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Eshghi F, Tahmasebi S, Alimohammadi M, Soudi S, Khaligh SG, Khosrojerdi A, Heidari N, Hashemi SM. Study of immunomodulatory effects of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes in mouse model of LPS induced systemic inflammation. Life Sci 2022; 310:120938. [PMID: 36150466 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sepsis is a debilitating systemic inflammation that resulted from infection or injury. Despite many advances in treatment, the resulting mortality rate has remained high due to increasing antibiotic resistance and aging communities. The present study investigated the effects of stem cell-derived exosomes in a mouse model of LPS-induced systemic inflammation. MATERIALS AND METHODS To induce sepsis, the LPS model was used. Mice were divided into three groups: normal, patient group (LPS + PBS), and treatment group (LPS + exosome). The treatment group received an intravenous exosome 1 h after induction of the model. Patient and treatment groups were sacrificed at 4, 6, 24, and 48 h after induction of the model, and their tissues were isolated. Blood samples were taken from animal hearts to perform biochemical and immunological tests. The study results were analyzed using Graph Pad Prism software version 9. RESULTS Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes decreased serum levels of ALT and AST liver enzymes, decreased neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and improved kidney, liver, and lung tissue damage at 4, 6, and 24 h after model induction. At 24 h, the exosomes were able to reduce serum urea levels. This study revealed decreased levels of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α after exosome injection. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that treating mice with stem cell-derived exosomes can ameliorate the destructive effects of inflammation caused by sepsis by reducing inflammatory factors and tissue damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fateme Eshghi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Safa Tahmasebi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Alimohammadi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Soudi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Arezou Khosrojerdi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Heidari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahmoud Hashemi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Medical Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Allogenic umbilical cord blood-mesenchymal stem cells are more effective than antibiotics in alleviating subclinical mastitis in dairy cows. Theriogenology 2022; 187:141-151. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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The Effect of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells on the Mortality of Patients with Sepsis and Septic Shock: A Promising Therapy. Emerg Med Int 2022; 2022:9222379. [PMID: 35784641 PMCID: PMC9249540 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9222379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Sepsis and septic shock are the major causes of death in intensive care units. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical safety and efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in sepsis and septic shock patients. Methods Ten patients were enrolled in the study. Adipose-derived MSC infusions were given (1 × 106/kg, on the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th, and 9th days of therapy) together with standard therapy. Before the MSC applications, blood samples were collected for cytokine assessment (TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10). The clinical and laboratory improvements were recorded and compared with control groups selected retrospectively. The clinical trial was registered on 16.03.2022 with the registration number NCT05283317. Results In the study group, the ages of patients ranged from 22 to 68 years, and APACHE II scores ranged from 14 to 42. In the control group, ages ranged from 22 to 80 years and their APACHE II scores were between 14–35. The survival rate in the study group was 100% on the 14th day whereas it was 70% on the 28th day. A significant decrease in the SOFA score (adjusted), clinical, and laboratory improvements were observed during the MSC administration. However, no significant cytokine level changes were observed. In the control group, the survival rate of 20 patients was 70% on the 14th day, whereas 60% was on the 28th day. While deaths were observed in the control group in the first week of treatment, deaths in the MSCs group were observed between the 15th and 28th days. Conclusion MSCs treatment may have a positive impact on the survival rates of sepsis during the early phase. However, further randomized controlled studies with a large group of patients are needed. Trial Registration. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05283317.
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Alp E, Gonen ZB, Gundogan K, Esmaoglu A, Kaynar L, Cetin A, Karakukcu M, Cetin M, Kalin G, Doganay M. The Effect of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells on the Mortality of Patients with Sepsis and Septic Shock: A Promising Therapy. Emerg Med Int 2022. [DOI: doi10.1155/2022/9222379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose. Sepsis and septic shock are the major causes of death in intensive care units. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical safety and efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in sepsis and septic shock patients. Methods. Ten patients were enrolled in the study. Adipose-derived MSC infusions were given (1 × 106/kg, on the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th, and 9th days of therapy) together with standard therapy. Before the MSC applications, blood samples were collected for cytokine assessment (TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10). The clinical and laboratory improvements were recorded and compared with control groups selected retrospectively. The clinical trial was registered on 16.03.2022 with the registration number NCT05283317. Results. In the study group, the ages of patients ranged from 22 to 68 years, and APACHE II scores ranged from 14 to 42. In the control group, ages ranged from 22 to 80 years and their APACHE II scores were between 14–35. The survival rate in the study group was 100% on the 14th day whereas it was 70% on the 28th day. A significant decrease in the SOFA score (adjusted), clinical, and laboratory improvements were observed during the MSC administration. However, no significant cytokine level changes were observed. In the control group, the survival rate of 20 patients was 70% on the 14th day, whereas 60% was on the 28th day. While deaths were observed in the control group in the first week of treatment, deaths in the MSCs group were observed between the 15th and 28th days. Conclusion. MSCs treatment may have a positive impact on the survival rates of sepsis during the early phase. However, further randomized controlled studies with a large group of patients are needed. Trial Registration. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05283317.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emine Alp
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Medical Faculty, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Burcin Gonen
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Genome and Stem Cell Center (GENKOK), Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Kursat Gundogan
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Aliye Esmaoglu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Leylagul Kaynar
- Bone Marrow Transplant and Stem Cell Unit, Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Aysun Cetin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Musa Karakukcu
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Cetin
- Bone Marrow Transplant and Stem Cell Unit, Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Gamze Kalin
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Doganay
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Lokman Hekim University, Ankara, Turkey
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DING H, SHI Z, ZHANG L, GAO N, CHENG X, LIN H, ZHANG Z, ZHANG G. Progranulin (PGRN) is serves as an inflammation-response biomarker and promotes lung damage in burn-induced Sepsis via the SIRT1 Pathways by ROS. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.36720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui DING
- The Second Hospital Affiated Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Zhaoling SHI
- The Second Hospital Affiated Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Lu ZHANG
- The Second Hospital Affiated Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Nairong GAO
- The Second Hospital Affiated Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Xiaoning CHENG
- The Second Hospital Affiated Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Haibo LIN
- The Second Hospital Affiated Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Zhihong ZHANG
- The Second Hospital Affiated Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Guocheng ZHANG
- The Second Hospital Affiated Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, China
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Haute GV, Luft C, Pedrazza L, Donadio MVF, de Oliveira JR. Octyl gallate decrease lymphocyte activation and regulates neutrophil extracellular traps release. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 49:1593-1599. [PMID: 34783987 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06937-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation is a complex mechanism with an objective to destroy and eliminate the invading microorganisms. During acute inflammation, the neutrophils are the major cells involved in this process and, although they defend the organism, must die to not generate damage. The two major mechanisms that drive neutrophils to death are: apoptosis and a novel mechanism recently discovered denominated NETosis. This process is a "suicidal mechanism", in which the cells release "neutrophil extracellular traps" (NETs) during the inflammatory response. Octyl gallate (OG) is one of the gallic acid derivates, with several protective effects, such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory in cancer models. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the action of OG on the proliferation of lymphocytes, neutrophils activation, and its effectiveness in an experimental sepsis model. METHODS Lymphocytes and neutrophils were obtained from healthy donors. Cell viability, apoptosis, NETs release and antioxidant capacity of OG were observed. In addition, survival was evaluated in an experimental model of sepsis in C57BL/6 mice. RESULTS Our study demonstrated, for the first time, that the OG can act as an inhibitor of reactive oxygen species (ROS) release, NETs formation in primary human neutrophils and, modulates the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) effect in neutrophil apoptosis. The OG also inhibited peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) proliferation in vitro. Despite the positive results, we did not observe an increase in the survival of septic animals. CONCLUSIONS The pharmacological potential of OG, modulating activation of neutrophils and lymphocytes, suggests the use as an adjuvant therapeutic strategy in inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Viegas Haute
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Biofísica Celular e Inflamação, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Avenida Ipiranga 6681, prédio 12, bloco C, sala 221, Porto Alegre, CEP 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Carolina Luft
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Biofísica Celular e Inflamação, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Avenida Ipiranga 6681, prédio 12, bloco C, sala 221, Porto Alegre, CEP 90619-900, Brazil
- Laboratório de Respirologia Pediátrica, Instituto de Pesquisas Biomédicas (IPB), Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Pedrazza
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Biofísica Celular e Inflamação, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Avenida Ipiranga 6681, prédio 12, bloco C, sala 221, Porto Alegre, CEP 90619-900, Brazil.
| | - Márcio Vinícius Fagundes Donadio
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Biofísica Celular e Inflamação, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Avenida Ipiranga 6681, prédio 12, bloco C, sala 221, Porto Alegre, CEP 90619-900, Brazil
- Laboratório de Respirologia Pediátrica, Instituto de Pesquisas Biomédicas (IPB), Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Jarbas Rodrigues de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Biofísica Celular e Inflamação, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Avenida Ipiranga 6681, prédio 12, bloco C, sala 221, Porto Alegre, CEP 90619-900, Brazil.
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Wang M, Zhou T, Zhang Z, Liu H, Zheng Z, Xie H. Current therapeutic strategies for respiratory diseases using mesenchymal stem cells. MedComm (Beijing) 2021; 2:351-380. [PMID: 34766151 PMCID: PMC8554668 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) have a great potential to proliferate, undergo multi-directional differentiation, and exert immunoregulatory effects. There is already much enthusiasm for their therapeutic potentials for respiratory inflammatory diseases. Although the mechanism of MSCs-based therapy has been well explored, only a few articles have summarized the key advances in this field. We hereby provide a review over the latest progresses made on the MSCs-based therapies for four types of inflammatory respiratory diseases, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and asthma, and the uncovery of their underlying mechanisms from the perspective of biological characteristics and functions. Furthermore, we have also discussed the advantages and disadvantages of the MSCs-based therapies and prospects for their optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming‐yao Wang
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue EngineeringOrthopedic Research InstituteMed‐X Center for MaterialsState Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of BiotherapyChengduChina
| | - Ting‐yue Zhou
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue EngineeringOrthopedic Research InstituteMed‐X Center for MaterialsState Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of BiotherapyChengduChina
| | - Zhi‐dong Zhang
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue EngineeringOrthopedic Research InstituteMed‐X Center for MaterialsState Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of BiotherapyChengduChina
| | - Hao‐yang Liu
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue EngineeringOrthopedic Research InstituteMed‐X Center for MaterialsState Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of BiotherapyChengduChina
| | - Zhi‐yao Zheng
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue EngineeringOrthopedic Research InstituteMed‐X Center for MaterialsState Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of BiotherapyChengduChina
| | - Hui‐qi Xie
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue EngineeringOrthopedic Research InstituteMed‐X Center for MaterialsState Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of BiotherapyChengduChina
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Catarina AV, Branchini G, Bettoni L, De Oliveira JR, Nunes FB. Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy: from Pathophysiology to Progress in Experimental Studies. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:2770-2779. [PMID: 33495934 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02303-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is an organ dysfunction caused by an uncontrolled inflammatory response from the host to an infection. Sepsis is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in intensive care units (ICU) worldwide. One of the first organs to suffer from injuries resulting from sepsis is the brain. The central nervous system (CNS) is particularly vulnerable to damage, mediated by inflammatory and oxidative processes, which can cause the sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE), being reported in up to 70% of septic patients. This review aims to bring a summary of the main pathophysiological changes and dysfunctions in SAE, and the main focuses of current experimental studies for new treatments and therapies. The pathophysiology of SAE is complex and multifactorial, combining intertwined processes, and is promoted by countless alterations and dysfunctions resulting from sepsis, such as inflammation, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, reduced brain metabolism, and injuries to the integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The treatment is limited once its cause is not completely understood. The patient's sedation is far to provide an adequate treatment to this complex condition. Studies and experimental advances are important for a better understanding of its pathophysiology and for the development of new treatments, medicines, and therapies for the treatment of SAE and to reduce its effects during and after sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anderson Velasque Catarina
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Patologia, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre - UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil.
| | - Gisele Branchini
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Patologia, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre - UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Lais Bettoni
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Patologia, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre - UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Jarbas Rodrigues De Oliveira
- Laboratório de Biofísica Celular e Inflamação, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Bordignon Nunes
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Patologia, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre - UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil.,Laboratório de Biofísica Celular e Inflamação, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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12
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The role of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells in the acute clinical setting. Am J Emerg Med 2020; 46:572-578. [PMID: 33279332 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Accumulating evidence supports the use of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs), particularly bone marrow derived, as a safe and promising biologic therapy for promoting tissue repair and regeneration in various chronic diseases and disorders. Despite growing evidence that MSCs are potent anti-inflammatory mediators that can provide substantial benefits in acute organ injury, there are limited clinical trials utilizing MSCs in acute care settings, such as in the emergency department (ED) or intensive care unit (ICU). OBJECTIVE This article reviews the current state of MSC-based therapeutics and further explores the untapped potential role to treat various acute, life-threating injuries in the ED and ICU. DISCUSSION All clinical trials using MSCs in acute myocardial infarction (AMI), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), sepsis and acute kidney injury (AKI) demonstrated safety. While some also demonstrate clinical efficacy, efficacy data is inconsistent, with some studies limited by sample size, cell integrity and different dosages, necessitating further studies. CONCLUSION MSCs are potentially promising novel biologic therapeutics for clinical application in AMI, ARDS, sepsis, AKI and COVID-19 that have demonstrated safety in all clinical trials. More rigorous clinical trials are necessary and warranted to determine the efficacy of MSCs as a novel therapeutic in an acute setting, such as the ED.
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13
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Pham PV, Vu NB. Off-the-shelf mesenchymal stem cells from human umbilical cord tissue can significantly improve symptoms in COVID-19 patients: An analysis of evidential relations. World J Stem Cells 2020; 12:721-730. [PMID: 32952854 PMCID: PMC7477657 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i8.721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) has affected more than 200 countries worldwide. This disease has hugely affected healthcare systems as well as the economy to an extent never seen before. To date, COVID-19 infection has led to about 165000 deaths in 150 countries. At present, there is no specific drug or efficient treatment for this disease. In this analysis based on evidential relationships of the biological characteristics of MSCs, especially umbilical cord (UC)-derived MSCs as well as the first clinical trial using MSCs for COVID-19 treatment, we discuss the use of UC-MSCs to improve the symptoms of COVID-19 in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuc Van Pham
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh 08000, Viet Nam
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh 08000, Viet Nam
| | - Ngoc Bich Vu
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh 08000, Viet Nam
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh 08000, Viet Nam
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14
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Byrnes D, Masterson CH, Artigas A, Laffey JG. Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells Therapy for Sepsis and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2020; 42:20-39. [PMID: 32767301 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1713422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) constitute devastating conditions with high morbidity and mortality. Sepsis results from abnormal host immune response, with evidence for both pro- and anti-inflammatory activation present from the earliest phases. The "proinflammatory" response predominates initially causing host injury, with later-phase sepsis characterized by immune cell hypofunction and opportunistic superinfection. ARDS is characterized by inflammation and disruption of the alveolar-capillary membrane leading to injury and lung dysfunction. Sepsis is the most common cause of ARDS. Approximately 20% of deaths worldwide in 2017 were due to sepsis, while ARDS occurs in over 10% of all intensive care unit patients and results in a mortality of 30 to 45%. Given the fact that sepsis and ARDS share some-but not all-underlying pathophysiologic injury mechanisms, the lack of specific therapies, and their frequent coexistence in the critically ill, it makes sense to consider therapies for both conditions together. In this article, we will focus on the therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs). MSCs are available from several tissues, including bone marrow, umbilical cord, and adipose tissue. Allogeneic administration is feasible, an important advantage for acute conditions like sepsis or ARDS. They possess diverse mechanisms of action of relevance to sepsis and ARDS, including direct and indirect antibacterial actions, potent effects on the innate and adaptive response, and pro-reparative effects. MSCs can be preactivated thereby potentiating their effects, while the use of their extracellular vesicles can avoid whole cell administration. While early-phase clinical trials suggest safety, considerable challenges exist in moving forward to phase III efficacy studies, and to implementation as a therapy should they prove effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Declan Byrnes
- Department of Anaesthesia, School of Medicine, Clinical Sciences Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.,Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Claire H Masterson
- Department of Anaesthesia, School of Medicine, Clinical Sciences Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.,Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Antonio Artigas
- Critical Care Center, Corporació Sanitaria Parc Tauli, CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Sabadell, Spain
| | - John G Laffey
- Department of Anaesthesia, School of Medicine, Clinical Sciences Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.,Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.,Department of Anaesthesia, SAOLTA University Health Group, Galway University Hospitals, Galway, Ireland
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15
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Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy Can Transcend Perianal Crohn's Disease: How Colorectal Surgeons Can Help in the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Crisis. Dis Colon Rectum 2020; 63:874-878. [PMID: 32251143 DOI: 10.1097/dcr.0000000000001700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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16
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Sun XY, Ding XF, Liang HY, Zhang XJ, Liu SH, Bing-Han, Duan XG, Sun TW. Efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell therapy for sepsis: a meta-analysis of preclinical studies. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:214. [PMID: 32493435 PMCID: PMC7268531 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01730-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Multiple studies have reported that mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy has beneficial effects in experimental models of sepsis. However, this finding remains inconclusive. This study was performed to systematically determine the connection between MSC therapy and mortality in sepsis animal models by pooling and analyzing data from newly published studies. Methods A detailed search of related studies from 2009 to 2019 was conducted in four databases, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. After browsing and filtering out articles that met the inclusion criteria for statistical analysis, the inverse variance method of the fixed effects model was used to calculate the pooled odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results Twenty-nine animal studies, including 1266 animals, were identified. None of the studies was judged to have a low risk of bias. The meta-analysis demonstrated that MSC therapy was related to a significantly lower mortality rate (OR 0.29, 95% CI 0.22–0.38, P < 0.001). Subgroup analyses performed based on the MSC injection dose (< 1.0 × 106 cells, OR = 0.33, 95% CI 0.20–0.56, P < 0.001; 1.0 × 106 cells, OR = 0.24, 95% CI 0.16–0.35, P < 0.001) and injection time (< 1 h, OR = 0.24, 95% CI 0.13–0.45, P < 0.001; 1 h, OR = 0.28, 95% CI 0.17–0.46, P < 0.001) demonstrated that treatment with MSCs significantly reduced the mortality rate of animals with sepsis. Conclusion This up-to-date meta-analysis showed a connection between MSC therapy and lower mortality in sepsis animal models, supporting the potential therapeutic effect of MSC treatment in future clinical trials. The results in this study contradict a previous meta-analysis with regards to the ideal dose of MSC therapy. Thus, further research is required to support these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Yi Sun
- General ICU, Henan Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Sepsis, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Xian-Fei Ding
- General ICU, Henan Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Sepsis, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Huo-Yan Liang
- General ICU, Henan Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Sepsis, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Xiao-Juan Zhang
- General ICU, Henan Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Sepsis, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Shao-Hua Liu
- General ICU, Henan Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Sepsis, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Bing-Han
- General ICU, Henan Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Sepsis, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Xiao-Guang Duan
- General ICU, Henan Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Sepsis, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Tong-Wen Sun
- General ICU, Henan Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Sepsis, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
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17
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Dinc G, Eren E, Kontas O, Doganay M. The efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell therapy in experimental sepsis induced by carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae in neutropenic mice model. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2020; 39:1739-1744. [PMID: 32356028 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-020-03910-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Especially in recent years, the intensive use of antibiotics has caused multiple drug resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae. In the absence of a new antibiotic, alternative treatment options have emerged. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) treatment of carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae sepsis in neutropenic murine model. BALB-c mice were divided into two groups as control (positive and negative) and treatment groups (colistin, colistin + MSC, MSC) after the development of neutropenia with cyclophosphamide. Sepsis was developed in mice by intraperitoneal injection of carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae. Three hours after inoculation of the bacteria, colistin and MSC were given in the treatment groups intraperitoneally. Colistin injection was repeated every 12 h, while MSC was administered as 2nd dose after 48 h. Mice were sacrificed at 48 and 96 h. The right lung and half of the liver were quantitatively cultured, and the bacterial load was calculated as cfu/g. The left lung, the other half of the liver tissue, and both kidneys were evaluated histopathologically. IL-6 and TNF-α cytokine levels in mouse sera were determined by ELISA. Bacterial loads in lung and liver tissues of neutropenic mice were lower in the MSC + colistin-treated group at 48 and 96 h compared to colistin and MSC monotherapy groups. Also, bacterial eradication was started the earliest in MSC + colistin group. It was concluded that combining colistin with MSC provided improved therapeutic effects compared to colistin or MSC monotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gokcen Dinc
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey. .,Department of Molecular Microbiology, Genome and Stem Cell Centre, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Esma Eren
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Kayseri City Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Olgun Kontas
- Department of Medical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Doganay
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
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18
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Topcu Sarica L, Zibandeh N, Genç D, Gül F, Akkoç T, Kombak EF, Cinel L, Akkoç T, Cinel I. Immunomodulatory and Tissue-preserving Effects of Human Dental Follicle Stem Cells in a Rat Cecal Ligation and Perforation Sepsis Model. Arch Med Res 2020; 51:397-405. [PMID: 32334851 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2020.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells may be used for the treatment of sepsis. Dental follicle stem cells (DFSCs) are easily accessible but have not been studied in vivo or in clinical trials in sepsis models. AIM OF THE STUDY We aim to elucidate DFSC effects on host immunological functions in a rat cecal ligation and perforation (CLP) sepsis model. METHODS Adult male rats were categorized into group 1 (sham procedure SP), group 2 (SP + 1 × 106 DFSCs administered 0 h after SP), group 3 (CLP + saline), group 4 (CLP + 1 × 106 DFSCs administered 0 h after CLP), and group 5 (CLP + 1 × 106 DFSCs administered 4 h after CLP). Green fluorescent protein-labeled cells were used for imaging. Histopathological examination of ileal tissues was performed. RESULTS A significant increase in the percentage of CD4+/CD25+/Foxp3+ Treg cells in groups 4 and 5 occurred compared with that in group 3. No significant changes in CD3+/CD4+ helper T-cells and CD3+/CD8+ cytotoxic T-cells were observed. Treatment with DFSCs at 4 h significantly decreased the level of TNF-α compared with that in group 3. No significant changes in IL-10 levels and lymphocyte proliferation suppression were observed. During histopathological examination, no high scoring (Chiu scores: 3 or 4) rats were observed in the curative treatment group (group 5). CONCLUSIONS Treatment with DFSC after 4 h of sepsis induction downregulates tissue inflammatory responses by decreasing TNF-α levels and increasing Treg cell ratio. This also has a protective effect on intestinal tissues during sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyla Topcu Sarica
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Noushin Zibandeh
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Deniz Genç
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fethi Gül
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tolga Akkoç
- TUBITAK MRC Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institute, Gebze, Turkey
| | - Erdem Faruk Kombak
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Leyla Cinel
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tunç Akkoç
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ismail Cinel
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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19
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Lee HJ, Kim WY. Mesenchymal stromal cell application as an emerging translational medicine for acute respiratory distress syndrome. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:267. [PMID: 32355711 PMCID: PMC7186657 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2020.02.82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jung Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won-Young Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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20
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Zhou T, Sun Y, Wang Y, Chen X, Zhuo L, Bu L, Xu S, Han J, Li X, Shi J. Umbilical Cord Blood Mesenchymal Stem Cells Enhance Lipopolysaccharide-Induced IL-10 and IL-37 Production in THP-1 Cells. Inflammation 2019; 42:987-993. [PMID: 30707387 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-019-00960-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cells (UCB-MSCs) have been shown to be a source of stem cells for use in cellular therapies and have immunomodulatory effects on several immune cells in an inflammatory environment. However, whether UCB-MSCs have immunomodulatory effects against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory cytokine secretion in macrophages and whether it is involved in phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) signaling pathway remain unclear. After co-culture of UCB-MSCs and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-activated human THP-1 cells using a transwell system, it showed that LPS significantly induced increases in the expression levels of interleukin 10 (IL-10), interleukin 37 (IL-37), phospho-PI3K (p-PI3K), and phospho-Akt (p-Akt) in macrophages. UCB-MSCs upregulated the expression of IL-10, IL-37, p-PI3K, and p-Akt, while it had no obvious effect on PI3K and Akt levels. Inhibitors of PI3K (LY294002) significantly suppressed the expression of IL-10, IL-37, p-PI3K, and p-Akt; however, it had no effect on the expression levels of PI3K and Akt. The present study demonstrated that UCB-MSCs increased the LPS-stimulated expression of IL-10 and IL-37 in macrophages through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhou
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital of Lianyungang, No.182 North Tongguan Road, Lianyungang, 222002, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital of Lianyungang, No.182 North Tongguan Road, Lianyungang, 222002, China
| | - Yanli Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital of Lianyungang, No.182 North Tongguan Road, Lianyungang, 222002, China
| | - Xiaobing Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital of Lianyungang, No.182 North Tongguan Road, Lianyungang, 222002, China
| | - Luo Zhuo
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital of Lianyungang, No.182 North Tongguan Road, Lianyungang, 222002, China
| | - Lin Bu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital, No.99 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, 221000, China
| | - Suo Xu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital of Lianyungang, No.182 North Tongguan Road, Lianyungang, 222002, China
| | - Jiayan Han
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital of Lianyungang, No.182 North Tongguan Road, Lianyungang, 222002, China
| | - Xiaomin Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital of Lianyungang, No.182 North Tongguan Road, Lianyungang, 222002, China.
| | - Jiaxin Shi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital of Lianyungang, No.182 North Tongguan Road, Lianyungang, 222002, China.
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21
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Lopes-Pacheco M, Robba C, Rocco PRM, Pelosi P. Current understanding of the therapeutic benefits of mesenchymal stem cells in acute respiratory distress syndrome. Cell Biol Toxicol 2019; 36:83-102. [PMID: 31485828 PMCID: PMC7222160 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-019-09493-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a multifaceted lung disorder in which no specific therapeutic intervention is able to effectively improve clinical outcomes. Despite an improved understanding of molecular mechanisms and advances in supportive care strategies, ARDS remains associated with high mortality, and survivors usually face long-term morbidity. In recent years, preclinical studies have provided mounting evidence of the potential of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapies in lung diseases and critical illnesses. In several models of ARDS, MSCs have been demonstrated to induce anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects, improve epithelial and endothelial cell recovery, and enhance microbial and alveolar fluid clearance, thus resulting in improved lung and distal organ function and survival. Early-stage clinical trials have also demonstrated the safety of MSC administration in patients with ARDS, but further, large-scale investigations are required to assess the safety and efficacy profile of these therapies. In this review, we summarize the main mechanisms whereby MSCs have been shown to exert therapeutic effects in experimental ARDS. We also highlight questions that need to be further elucidated and barriers that must be overcome in order to efficiently translate MSC research into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miquéias Lopes-Pacheco
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Chiara Robba
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care, San Martino Policlinico Hospital, IRCCS for Oncology and Neurosciences, Genoa, Italy
| | - Patricia Rieken Macêdo Rocco
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. .,National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Paolo Pelosi
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care, San Martino Policlinico Hospital, IRCCS for Oncology and Neurosciences, Genoa, Italy. .,Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
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22
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Yang J, Li R, Zhao D, Zheng S. Downregulation of microRNA-214 improves therapeutic potential of allogeneic bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell by targeting PIM-1 in rats with acute liver failure. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:12887-12903. [PMID: 30938885 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Acute liver failure (ALF) is a disease resulted from diverse etiology, which generally leads to a rapid degenerated hepatic function. However, transplantation bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) transplantation has been suggested to relieve ALF. Interestingly, microRNA-214 (miR-214) could potentially regulate differentiation and migration of BMSCs. The present study aims to inquire whether miR-214 affects therapeutic potential of BMSCs transplantation by targeting PIM-1 in ALF. 120 male Wistar rats were induced as ALF model rats and transplanted with BMSCs post-alteration of miR-214 or PIM-1 expression. Further experiments were performed to detect biochemical index (alanine aminotransferase [ALT], aspartate transaminase [AST], total bilirubin [TBiL]), and expression of miR-214, PIM-1, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), caspase 3, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in rat serum. Apart from the above detection, apoptosis of hepatocytes and Ki67 protein expression in hepatic tissues of rats were additionally assessed. After BMSCs transplantation with miR-214 inhibition, a decreased expression of ALT, AST, and TBiL yet an increased expression of HGF was shown, coupled with a decline in the expression of caspase 3, TNF-α, and IL-10. Meanwhile, alleviated hepatic injury and decreased apoptotic index of hepatic cells were observed and the positive rate of Ki67 protein expression was significantly increased. Moreover, miR-214 and caspase 3, TNF-α, and IL-10 decreased notably, while PIM-1 was upregulated in response to miR-214 inhibition. Strikingly, the inhibition of PIM-1 reversed effects triggered by miR-214 inhibition. These findings indicated that downregulation of miR-214 improves therapeutic potential of BMSCs transplantation by upregulating PIM-1 for ALF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Third People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Kunming Dongfang Hospital, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Zhao
- Life Science Academy of Yunnan University, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Third People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, People's Republic of China
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23
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Hoogduijn MJ, Lombardo E. Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Anno 2019: Dawn of the Therapeutic Era? Concise Review. Stem Cells Transl Med 2019; 8:1126-1134. [PMID: 31282113 PMCID: PMC6811696 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.19-0073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
2018 was the year of the first marketing authorization of an allogeneic stem cell therapy by the European Medicines Agency. The authorization concerns the use of allogeneic adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) for treatment of complex perianal fistulas in Crohn's disease. This is a breakthrough in the field of MSC therapy. The last few years have, furthermore, seen some breakthroughs in the investigations into the mechanisms of action of MSC therapy. Although the therapeutic effects of MSCs have largely been attributed to their secretion of immunomodulatory and regenerative factors, it has now become clear that some of the effects are mediated through host phagocytic cells that clear administered MSCs and in the process adapt an immunoregulatory and regeneration supporting function. The increased interest in therapeutic use of MSCs and the ongoing elucidation of the mechanisms of action of MSCs are promising indicators that 2019 may be the dawn of the therapeutic era of MSCs and that there will be revived interest in research to more efficient, practical, and sustainable MSC-based therapies. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2019;8:1126-1134.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin J Hoogduijn
- Nephrology and Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Laroye C, Boufenzer A, Jolly L, Cunat L, Alauzet C, Merlin JL, Yguel C, Bensoussan D, Reppel L, Gibot S. Bone marrow vs Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells in experimental sepsis: a comparative study. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:192. [PMID: 31248453 PMCID: PMC6598309 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1295-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is being extensively studied in clinical trials in the setting of various diseases including diabetes, stroke, and progressive multiple sclerosis. The unique immunomodulatory properties of MSCs also point them as a possible therapeutic tool during sepsis and septic shock, a devastating syndrome associated with 30-35% mortality. However, MSCs are not equal regarding their activity, depending on their tissue origin. Here, we aimed at comparing the in vivo properties of MSCs according to their tissue source (bone marrow (BM) versus Wharton's jelly (WJ)) in a murine cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model of sepsis that mimics a human peritonitis. We hypothesized that MSC properties may vary depending on their tissue source in the setting of sepsis. METHODS CLP, adult, male, C57BL/6 mice were randomized in 3 groups receiving respectively 0.25 × 106 BM-MSCs, 0.25 × 106 WJ-MSCs, or 150 μL phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) intravenously 24 h after the CLP procedure. RESULTS We observed that both types of MSCs regulated leukocyte trafficking and reduced organ dysfunction, while only WJ-MSCs were able to improve bacterial clearance and survival. CONCLUSION This study highlights the importance to determine the most appropriate source of MSCs for a given therapeutic indication and suggests a better profile for WJ-MSCs during sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Laroye
- CHRU de Nancy, Unité de Thérapie Cellulaire et banque de Tissus, Allée du Morvan, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- INSERM UMRS-1116, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- CNRS, UMR 7365, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Université de Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France
| | | | - Lucie Jolly
- INSERM UMRS-1116, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Université de Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France
- INOTREM, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Lisiane Cunat
- Université de Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France
- EA 7300 Stress Immunité Pathogènes, 54500 vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Corentine Alauzet
- Université de Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France
- EA 7300 Stress Immunité Pathogènes, 54500 vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Jean-Louis Merlin
- Université de Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France
- Service de Biopathologie - Unité de Biologie des Tumeurs, Institut de Cancérologie de Lorraine, 54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Clémence Yguel
- CHRU de Nancy, laboratoire anatomie et cytologie pathologiques, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Danièle Bensoussan
- CHRU de Nancy, Unité de Thérapie Cellulaire et banque de Tissus, Allée du Morvan, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- CNRS, UMR 7365, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Université de Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France
| | - Loïc Reppel
- CHRU de Nancy, Unité de Thérapie Cellulaire et banque de Tissus, Allée du Morvan, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- CNRS, UMR 7365, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Université de Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France
| | - Sébastien Gibot
- INSERM UMRS-1116, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Université de Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France
- CHRU de Nancy, Service de Réanimation Médicale, Hôpital Central, 54000 Nancy, France
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Perlee D, de Vos AF, Scicluna BP, Mancheño P, de la Rosa O, Dalemans W, Nürnberg P, Lombardo E, van der Poll T. Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Modify Lung Immunity and Improve Antibacterial Defense in Pneumosepsis Caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae. Stem Cells Transl Med 2019; 8:785-796. [PMID: 31033196 PMCID: PMC6646807 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.18-0260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult mesenchymal stem cells exert immunomodulatory effects that might improve the host response during sepsis. Knowledge on the effect of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) in sepsis is limited. Klebsiella (K.) pneumoniae is a common cause of gram-negative pneumonia and sepsis. This study sought to determine the effect of human ASCs on the host response during pneumosepsis in mice. Mice were infected with K. pneumoniae via the airways to induce a gradually evolving infection in the lung culminating pneumosepsis. One or 6 hours after infection, mice were infused intravenously with ASCs or vehicle, and euthanized after 16 hours or 48 hours, respectively. The effects of freshly cultured and cryopreserved ASCs were compared, the latter formulation being more clinically relevant. Intravenously administered ASCs were visualized in lung tissue by immunostaining at 1 and 3 hours, but not at 15 hours after infusion. Although early after infection, ASCs did not or only modestly influence bacterial loads, they reduced bacterial burdens in lungs and distant organs at 48 hours. ASCs reduced the lung levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and attenuated lung pathology, but did not influence distant organ injury. ASCs strongly modified the lung transcriptome in uninfected mice and especially mice with pneumosepsis. Cryopreserved and cultured ASCs induced largely similar effects on the lung transcriptome. These data indicate that human ASCs induce profound immune modulatory effects in the lungs, resulting in reduced bacterial burdens and lung inflammation during pneumosepsis caused by a common human pathogen, suggesting that ASCs may be an adjunctive therapeutic in this condition. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2019;8:785&796.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desiree Perlee
- Center of Experimental & Molecular Medicine, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alex F de Vos
- Center of Experimental & Molecular Medicine, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Brendon P Scicluna
- Center of Experimental & Molecular Medicine, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Bioinformatics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Peter Nürnberg
- Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Tom van der Poll
- Center of Experimental & Molecular Medicine, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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26
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Marrazzo P, Crupi AN, Alviano F, Teodori L, Bonsi L. Exploring the roles of MSCs in infections: focus on bacterial diseases. J Mol Med (Berl) 2019; 97:437-450. [PMID: 30729280 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-019-01752-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Despite human healthcare advances, some microorganisms continuously react evolving new survival strategies, choosing between a commensal fitness and a pathogenic attitude. Many opportunistic microbes are becoming an increasing cause of clinically evident infections while several renowned infectious diseases sustain a considerable number of deaths. Besides the primary and extensively investigated role of immune cells, other cell types are involved in the microbe-host interaction during infection. Interestingly, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), the current leading players in cell therapy approaches, have been suggested to contribute to tackling pathogens and modulating the host immune response. In this context, this review critically explores MSCs' role in E. coli, S. aureus, and polymicrobial infections. Summarizing from various studies, in vitro and in vivo results support the mechanistic involvement of MSCs and their derivatives in fighting infection and in contributing to microbial spreading. Our work outlines the double face of MSCs during infection, disease, and sepsis, highlighting potential pitfalls in MSC-based therapy due to the MSCs' susceptibility to pathogens' weapons. We also identify potential targets to improve infection treatments, and propose the potential applications of MSCs for vaccine research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Marrazzo
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Unit of Histology, Embryology and Applied Biology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 8, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Alviano
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Unit of Histology, Embryology and Applied Biology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 8, 40126, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Laura Teodori
- Diagnostics and Metrology, FSN-TECFIS-DIM, Enea Frascati, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Bonsi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Unit of Histology, Embryology and Applied Biology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 8, 40126, Bologna, Italy
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27
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Perlee D, van Vught LA, Scicluna BP, Maag A, Lutter R, Kemper EM, van ‘t Veer C, Punchard MA, González J, Richard MP, Dalemans W, Lombardo E, de Vos AF, van der Poll T. Intravenous Infusion of Human Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cells Modifies the Host Response to Lipopolysaccharide in Humans: A Randomized, Single-Blind, Parallel Group, Placebo Controlled Trial. Stem Cells 2018; 36:1778-1788. [DOI: 10.1002/stem.2891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Desiree Perlee
- Center of Experimental & Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Lonneke A. van Vught
- Center of Experimental & Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Brendon P. Scicluna
- Center of Experimental & Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Academic Medical Center; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Anja Maag
- Center of Experimental & Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - René Lutter
- Department of Experimental Immunology & Respiratory Medicine, Academic Medical Center; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Elles M. Kemper
- Department of Pharmacy, Academic Medical Center; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis van ‘t Veer
- Center of Experimental & Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Alex F. de Vos
- Center of Experimental & Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Tom van der Poll
- Center of Experimental & Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Academic Medical Center; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
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28
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Laroye C, Lemarié J, Boufenzer A, Labroca P, Cunat L, Alauzet C, Groubatch F, Cailac C, Jolly L, Bensoussan D, Reppel L, Gibot S. Clinical-grade mesenchymal stem cells derived from umbilical cord improve septic shock in pigs. Intensive Care Med Exp 2018; 6:24. [PMID: 30091119 PMCID: PMC6082751 DOI: 10.1186/s40635-018-0194-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Septic shock is the leading cause of death in intensive care units. The pathophysiological complexity of this syndrome contributes to an absence of specific treatment. Several preclinical studies in murine models of septic shock have shown improvements to organ injury and survival after administration of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). To better mimic a clinical approach in humans, we investigated the impact of randomized controlled double-blind administration of clinical-grade umbilical cord-derived MSCs to a relevant pig model of septic shock. METHODS Septic shock was induced by fecal peritonitis in 12 male domestic pigs. Animals were resuscitated by an experienced intensivist including fluid administration and vasopressors. Four hours after the induction of peritonitis, pigs were randomized to receive intravenous injection of thawed umbilical cord-derived MSCs (UCMSC) (1 × 106 UCMSCs/kg diluted in 75 mL hydroxyethyl starch (HES), (n = 6) or placebo (HES alone, n = 6). Researchers were double-blinded to the treatment administered. Hemodynamic parameters were continuously recorded. Gas exchange, acid-base status, organ function, and plasma cytokine concentrations were assessed at regular intervals until 24 h after the onset of peritonitis when animals were sacrificed under anesthesia. RESULTS Peritonitis induced profound hypotension, hyperlactatemia, and multiple organ failure. These disorders were significantly attenuated when animals were treated with UCMSCs. In particular, cardiovascular failure was attenuated, as attested by a better mean arterial pressure and reduced lactatemia, despite lower norepinephrine requirements. As such, UCMSCs improved survival in this very severe model (60% survival vs. 0% at 24 h). CONCLUSION UCMSCs administration is beneficial in this pig model of polymicrobial septic shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Laroye
- CHRU de Nancy, Unité de Thérapie Cellulaire et banque de tissus, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- INSERM, U1116, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- CNRS, UMR 7365, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Université de Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France
| | - Jérémie Lemarié
- INSERM, U1116, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Université de Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France
- CHRU de Nancy, Service de Réanimation Médicale, Hôpital Central, 54000 Nancy, France
| | | | - Pierre Labroca
- CHRU de Nancy, Service de Réanimation Médicale, Hôpital Central, 54000 Nancy, France
| | - Lisiane Cunat
- Université de Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France
- EA 7300 Stress Immunité Pathogènes, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Corentine Alauzet
- Université de Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France
- EA 7300 Stress Immunité Pathogènes, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Frédérique Groubatch
- Université de Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France
- Ecole de chirurgie, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Clémence Cailac
- CHRU de Nancy, laboratoire anatomie et cytologie pathologiques, 54000 Nancy, France
| | - Lucie Jolly
- INSERM, U1116, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Université de Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France
- INOTREM, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Danièle Bensoussan
- CHRU de Nancy, Unité de Thérapie Cellulaire et banque de tissus, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- CNRS, UMR 7365, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Université de Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France
| | - Loïc Reppel
- CHRU de Nancy, Unité de Thérapie Cellulaire et banque de tissus, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- CNRS, UMR 7365, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Université de Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France
| | - Sébastien Gibot
- INSERM, U1116, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Université de Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France
- CHRU de Nancy, Service de Réanimation Médicale, Hôpital Central, 54000 Nancy, France
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29
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Catarina AV, Luft C, Greggio S, Venturin GT, Ferreira F, Marques EP, Rodrigues L, Wartchow K, Leite MC, Gonçalves CA, Wyse ATS, Da Costa JC, De Oliveira JR, Branchini G, Nunes FB. Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate preserves glucose metabolism integrity and reduces reactive oxygen species in the brain during experimental sepsis. Brain Res 2018; 1698:54-61. [PMID: 29932894 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2018.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is one of the main causes of hospitalization and mortality in Intensive Care Units. One of the first manifestations of sepsis is encephalopathy, reported in up to 70% of patients, being associated with higher mortality and morbidity. The factors that cause sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) are still not well known, and may be multifactorial, as perfusion changes, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress and glycolytic metabolism alterations. Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (FBP), a metabolite of the glycolytic route, has been reported as neuroprotective agent. The present study used an experimental sepsis model in C57BL/6 mice. We used in vivo brain imaging to evaluate glycolytic metabolism through microPET scans and the radiopharmaceutical 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (18F-FDG). Brain images were obtained before and 12 h after the induction of sepsis in animals with and without FBP treatment. We also evaluated the treatment effects in the brain oxidative stress by measuring the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the activity of catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and the levels of fluorescent marker 2'7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCF). There was a significant decrease in brain glucose metabolism due to experimental sepsis. A significant protective effect of FBP treatment was observed in the cerebral metabolic outcomes. FBP also modulated the production of ROS, evidenced by reduced CAT activity and lower levels of DCF. Our results suggest that FBP may be a possible candidate in the treatment of SAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anderson V Catarina
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Patologia, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre - UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Carolina Luft
- Laboratório de Biofísica Celular e Inflamação, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Samuel Greggio
- Centro de Pesquisa Pré-Clínica, Instituto do Cérebro do Rio Grande do Sul - Brain Institute (BraIns), Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Gianina T Venturin
- Centro de Pesquisa Pré-Clínica, Instituto do Cérebro do Rio Grande do Sul - Brain Institute (BraIns), Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Ferreira
- Laboratório de Neuroproteção e Doenças Neurometabólicas, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Eduardo P Marques
- Laboratório de Neuroproteção e Doenças Neurometabólicas, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Letícia Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Proteínas Ligante de Cálcio do Sistema Nervoso Central, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Krista Wartchow
- Laboratório de Proteínas Ligante de Cálcio do Sistema Nervoso Central, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marina C Leite
- Laboratório de Proteínas Ligante de Cálcio do Sistema Nervoso Central, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Carlos A Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Proteínas Ligante de Cálcio do Sistema Nervoso Central, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Angela T S Wyse
- Laboratório de Neuroproteção e Doenças Neurometabólicas, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jaderson C Da Costa
- Centro de Pesquisa Pré-Clínica, Instituto do Cérebro do Rio Grande do Sul - Brain Institute (BraIns), Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jarbas R De Oliveira
- Laboratório de Biofísica Celular e Inflamação, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Gisele Branchini
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Patologia, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre - UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Fernanda B Nunes
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Patologia, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre - UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Laboratório de Biofísica Celular e Inflamação, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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30
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McIntyre LA, Stewart DJ, Mei SHJ, Courtman D, Watpool I, Granton J, Marshall J, dos Santos C, Walley KR, Winston BW, Schlosser K, Fergusson DA. Cellular Immunotherapy for Septic Shock. A Phase I Clinical Trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2018; 197:337-347. [DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201705-1006oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lauralyn A. McIntyre
- Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine
- Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, and
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Duncan J. Stewart
- Department of Cell and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shirley H. J. Mei
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Courtman
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Irene Watpool
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - John Marshall
- Department of Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Keenan Research Centre of the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Claudia dos Santos
- Department of Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Keenan Research Centre of the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Keith R. Walley
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; and
| | - Brent W. Winston
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kenny Schlosser
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dean A. Fergusson
- Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, and
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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31
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Pedrazza L, Cubillos-Rojas M, de Mesquita FC, Luft C, Cunha AA, Rosa JL, de Oliveira JR. Mesenchymal stem cells decrease lung inflammation during sepsis, acting through inhibition of the MAPK pathway. Stem Cell Res Ther 2017; 8:289. [PMID: 29273091 PMCID: PMC5741936 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-017-0734-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sepsis is a severe medical condition that ranks among the top 10 causes of death worldwide and which has permanently high incidence rates. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been found to be potent modulators of immune responses. More importantly, there is evidence that MSCs have a beneficial effect on preclinical models of polymicrobial sepsis. However, the changes caused by the MSCs in the effector cells of the host immune system remain unclear. Methods A mouse model of sepsis (male C57BL/6 mice) with three experimental groups was used for experiments in vivo: a control group, an untreated septic group, and a septic group treated with MSCs. In vitro experiments were performed using a cell line of pulmonary macrophages (RAW 264.7) co-cultured with MSCs and stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Results In vivo we demonstrated that treatment with MSCs was able to reduce the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), and thereby decrease the production of inflammatory cytokines. In vitro experiments using a co-culture of macrophages with MSCs showed a decrease in COX-2 and NF-κB, and showed that this reduction was directly related to the ability of MSCs to inhibit phosphorylation of ERK, RSK, and p38, enzymes that belong to the family of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). Conclusions This study demonstrated that MSCs are able to inhibit the MAPK pathway activation, modulating the inflammatory response during sepsis. This understanding that MSCs can remodel the response of host cells and improve the course of sepsis is essential for developing new treatments for this pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Pedrazza
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Biofísica Celular e Inflamação, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 90619-900, Brazil.
| | - Monica Cubillos-Rojas
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, IDIBELL, Campus de Bellvitge, Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, E-08907, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fernanda Cristina de Mesquita
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Biofísica Celular e Inflamação, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Carolina Luft
- Laboratory of Pediatric Respirology, Infant Center, Institute of Biomedical Research (IPB), Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Aline Andrea Cunha
- Laboratory of Pediatric Respirology, Infant Center, Institute of Biomedical Research (IPB), Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Jose Luis Rosa
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, IDIBELL, Campus de Bellvitge, Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, E-08907, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jarbas Rodrigues de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Biofísica Celular e Inflamação, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 90619-900, Brazil
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Laroye C, Gibot S, Reppel L, Bensoussan D. Concise Review: Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells: A New Treatment for Sepsis and Septic Shock? Stem Cells 2017; 35:2331-2339. [PMID: 28856759 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis and septic shock are the leading cause of admission and mortality in non-coronary intensive care units. Currently, however, no specific treatments are available for this syndrome. Due to the failure of conventional treatments in recent years, research is focusing on innovative therapeutic agents, including cell therapy. One particular type of cell, mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs), has raised hopes for the treatment of sepsis. Indeed, their immunomodulatory properties, antimicrobial activity and capacity of protection against organ failure confer MSCs with a major advantage to treat the immune and inflammatory dysfunctions associated with sepsis and septic shock. After a brief description of the pathophysiology of sepsis and septic shock, the latest advances in the use of MSCs to treat sepsis will be presented. Stem Cells 2017;35:2331-2339.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Laroye
- Unité de Thérapie Cellulaire et banque de Tissus, CHRU de Nancy, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,INSERM, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,UMR 7365 CNRS, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Sébastien Gibot
- INSERM, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France.,CHRU Nancy, Service de Réanimation Médicale, Hôpital Central, Nancy, France
| | - Loïc Reppel
- Unité de Thérapie Cellulaire et banque de Tissus, CHRU de Nancy, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,UMR 7365 CNRS, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Danièle Bensoussan
- Unité de Thérapie Cellulaire et banque de Tissus, CHRU de Nancy, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,UMR 7365 CNRS, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Sepsis and Associated Organ Dysfunction: A Promising Future or Blind Alley? Stem Cells Int 2017; 2017:7304121. [PMID: 29098010 PMCID: PMC5618761 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7304121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis, newly defined as a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection, is the most common cause of death in ICUs and one of the principal causes of death worldwide. Although substantial progress has been made in the understanding of fundamental mechanisms of sepsis, translation of these advances into clinically effective therapies has been disappointing. Given the extreme complexity of sepsis pathogenesis, the paradigm “one disease, one drug” is obviously flawed and combinations of multiple targets that involve early immunomodulation and cellular protection are needed. In this context, the immune-reprogramming properties of cell-based therapy using mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) represent an emerging therapeutic strategy in sepsis and associated organ dysfunction. This article provides an update of the current knowledge regarding MSC in preclinical models of sepsis and sepsis-induced acute kidney injury. Recommendations for further translational research in this field are discussed.
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Johnson V, Webb T, Norman A, Coy J, Kurihara J, Regan D, Dow S. Activated Mesenchymal Stem Cells Interact with Antibiotics and Host Innate Immune Responses to Control Chronic Bacterial Infections. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9575. [PMID: 28851894 PMCID: PMC5575141 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08311-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic bacterial infections associated with biofilm formation are often difficult to resolve without extended courses of antibiotic therapy. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) exert antibacterial activity in vitro and in acute bacterial infection models, but their activity in chronic infection with biofilm models has not been previously investigated. Therefore, we studied the effects of MSC administration in mouse and dog models of chronic infections associated with biofilms. Mice with chronic Staphylococcus aureus implant infections were treated by i.v. administration of activated or non-activated MSC, with or without antibiotic therapy. The most effective treatment protocol was identified as activated MSC co-administered with antibiotic therapy. Activated MSC were found to accumulate in the wound margins several days after i.v. administration. Macrophages in infected tissues assumed an M2 phenotype, compared to untreated infections which contained predominately M1 macrophages. Bacterial killing by MSC was found to be mediated in part by secretion of cathelicidin and was significantly increased by antibiotics. Studies in pet dogs with spontaneous chronic multi drug-resistant wound infections demonstrated clearance of bacteria and wound healing following repeated i.v. administration of activated allogeneic canine MSC. Thus, systemic therapy with activated MSC may be an effective new, non-antimicrobial approach to treatment of chronic, drug-resistant infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Johnson
- Center for Immune and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, CO, USA
| | - Tracy Webb
- Center for Immune and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, CO, USA
| | - Annalis Norman
- Center for Immune and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, CO, USA
| | - Jonathan Coy
- Center for Immune and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, CO, USA
| | - Jade Kurihara
- Center for Immune and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, CO, USA
| | - Daniel Regan
- Center for Immune and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, CO, USA
| | - Steven Dow
- Center for Immune and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, CO, USA.
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Le Burel S, Thepenier C, Boutin L, Lataillade JJ, Peltzer J. Effect of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells on T Cells in a Septic Context: Immunosuppression or Immunostimulation? Stem Cells Dev 2017; 26:1477-1489. [PMID: 28747098 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2016.0184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a complex process, including a first wave of damage partially due to the body's response to pathogens, followed by a phase of immune cell dysfunction. The efficacy of a pharmacological approach facing a rapidly evolving system implies a perfect timing of administration-this difficulty could explain the recent failure of clinical trials. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are usually defined as immunosuppressive and their beneficial effects in preclinical models of acute sepsis have been shown to rely partly on such ability. If nonregulated, this phenotype could be harmful in the immunosuppressed context arising hours after sepsis onset. However, MSCs being environment sensitive, we hypothesized that they could reverse their immunosuppressive properties when confronted with suffering immune cells. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of human MSCs on activated human lymphocytes in an in vitro endotoxemia model. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) underwent a 24-h lipopolysaccharide (LPS) intoxication and were stimulated with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) in contact with MSCs. MSCs induced a differential effect on lymphocytes depending on PBMC intoxication with LPS. Unintoxicated lymphocytes were highly proliferative with PHA and were inhibited by MSCs, whereas LPS-intoxicated lymphocytes showed a low proliferation rate, but were supported by MSCs, even when monocytes were depleted. These data, highlighting MSC plasticity in their immunomodulatory activity, pave the way for further studies investigating the mechanisms of mutual interactions between MSCs and immune cells in sepsis. Thus, MSCs might be able to fight against both early sepsis-induced hyperinflammatory response and later time points of immune dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Le Burel
- Unité de Thérapie Tissulaire et Traumatologie de Guerre (T3G), Centre de Transfusion Sanguine des Armées "Jean Julliard" Hôpital Percy , Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Clamart, France
| | - Cédric Thepenier
- Unité de Thérapie Tissulaire et Traumatologie de Guerre (T3G), Centre de Transfusion Sanguine des Armées "Jean Julliard" Hôpital Percy , Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Clamart, France
| | - Laetitia Boutin
- Unité de Thérapie Tissulaire et Traumatologie de Guerre (T3G), Centre de Transfusion Sanguine des Armées "Jean Julliard" Hôpital Percy , Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Clamart, France
| | - Jean-Jacques Lataillade
- Unité de Thérapie Tissulaire et Traumatologie de Guerre (T3G), Centre de Transfusion Sanguine des Armées "Jean Julliard" Hôpital Percy , Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Clamart, France
| | - Juliette Peltzer
- Unité de Thérapie Tissulaire et Traumatologie de Guerre (T3G), Centre de Transfusion Sanguine des Armées "Jean Julliard" Hôpital Percy , Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Clamart, France
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Mesenchymal stem cells cannot affect mRNA expression of toll-like receptors in different tissues during sepsis. Inflamm Res 2017; 66:547-551. [PMID: 28391364 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-017-1042-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN Experimental animal models and human clinical studies support a crucial role for TLRs in infectious diseases. The aim of this study was to test the ability of MSCs, which have immunomodulatory effects, of altering the mRNA expression of toll-like receptors during a experimental model of sepsis in different tissues. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three experimental groups (male C57BL/6 mice) were formed for the test: control group, untreated septic group and septic group treated with MSCs (1 × 106 cells/animal). Lungs, cortex, kidney, liver and colon tissue were dissected after 12 h of sepsis induction and TLR2/3/4/9 mRNA were evaluated by RT-qPCR. RESULTS We observed a decrease of TLR2 and 9 mRNA expression in the liver of the sepsis group, while TLR3 was decreased in the lung and liver. No change was found between the sepsis group and the sepsis + MSC group. CONCLUSIONS In this model of experimental sepsis the MSCs were unable to modify the mRNA expression of the different toll-like receptors evaluated.
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Zorzopulos J, Opal SM, Hernando-Insúa A, Rodriguez JM, Elías F, Fló J, López RA, Chasseing NA, Lux-Lantos VA, Coronel MF, Franco R, Montaner AD, Horn DL. Immunomodulatory oligonucleotide IMT504: Effects on mesenchymal stem cells as a first-in-class immunoprotective/immunoregenerative therapy. World J Stem Cells 2017; 9:45-67. [PMID: 28396715 PMCID: PMC5368622 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v9.i3.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune responses of humans and animals to insults (i.e., infections, traumas, tumoral transformation and radiation) are based on an intricate network of cells and chemical messengers. Abnormally high inflammation immediately after insult or abnormally prolonged pro-inflammatory stimuli bringing about chronic inflammation can lead to life-threatening or severely debilitating diseases. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplant has proved to be an effective therapy in preclinical studies which evaluated a vast diversity of inflammatory conditions. MSCs lead to resolution of inflammation, preparation for regeneration and actual regeneration, and then ultimate return to normal baseline or homeostasis. However, in clinical trials of transplanted MSCs, the expectations of great medical benefit have not yet been fulfilled. As a practical alternative to MSC transplant, a synthetic drug with the capacity to boost endogenous MSC expansion and/or activation may also be effective. Regarding this, IMT504, the prototype of a major class of immunomodulatory oligonucleotides, induces in vivo expansion of MSCs, resulting in a marked improvement in preclinical models of neuropathic pain, osteoporosis, diabetes and sepsis. IMT504 is easily manufactured and has an excellent preclinical safety record. In the small number of patients studied thus far, IMT504 has been well-tolerated, even at very high dosage. Further clinical investigation is necessary to demonstrate the utility of IMT504 for resolution of inflammation and regeneration in a broad array of human diseases that would likely benefit from an immunoprotective/immunoregenerative therapy.
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Johnson CL, Soeder Y, Dahlke MH. Concise Review: Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Based Approaches for the Treatment of Acute Respiratory Distress and Sepsis Syndromes. Stem Cells Transl Med 2017; 6:1141-1151. [PMID: 28186706 PMCID: PMC5442840 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.16-0415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite extensive research on candidate pharmacological treatments and a significant and increasing prevalence, sepsis syndrome, and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remain areas of unmet clinical need. Preclinical studies examining mesenchymal stromal cell (MSCs) based-therapies have provided compelling evidence of potential benefit; however, the precise mechanism by which MSCs exert a therapeutic influence, and whether MSC application is efficacious in humans, remains unknown. Detailed evaluation of the limited number of human trials so far completed is further hampered as a result of variations in trial design and biomarker selection. This review provides a concise summary of current preclinical and clinical knowledge of MSCs as a cell therapy for sepsis syndrome and ARDS. The challenges of modeling such heterogeneous and rapidly progressive disease states are considered and we discuss how lessons from previous studies of pharmacological treatments for sepsis syndrome and ARDS might be used to inform and refine the design of the next generation of MSC clinical trials. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2017;6:1141-1151.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yorick Soeder
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Marc H Dahlke
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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Lalu MM, Sullivan KJ, Mei SH, Moher D, Straus A, Fergusson DA, Stewart DJ, Jazi M, MacLeod M, Winston B, Marshall J, Hutton B, Walley KR, McIntyre L. Evaluating mesenchymal stem cell therapy for sepsis with preclinical meta-analyses prior to initiating a first-in-human trial. eLife 2016; 5. [PMID: 27870924 PMCID: PMC5153252 DOI: 10.7554/elife.17850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Evaluation of preclinical evidence prior to initiating early-phase clinical studies has typically been performed by selecting individual studies in a non-systematic process that may introduce bias. Thus, in preparation for a first-in-human trial of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) for septic shock, we applied systematic review methodology to evaluate all published preclinical evidence. We identified 20 controlled comparison experiments (980 animals from 18 publications) of in vivo sepsis models. Meta-analysis demonstrated that MSC treatment of preclinical sepsis significantly reduced mortality over a range of experimental conditions (odds ratio 0.27, 95% confidence interval 0.18–0.40, latest timepoint reported for each study). Risk of bias was unclear as few studies described elements such as randomization and no studies included an appropriately calculated sample size. Moreover, the presence of publication bias resulted in a ~30% overestimate of effect and threats to validity limit the strength of our conclusions. This novel prospective application of systematic review methodology serves as a template to evaluate preclinical evidence prior to initiating first-in-human clinical studies. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.17850.001 Most attempts to transform exciting findings from laboratories into clinical treatments are unsuccessful. One reason for this may be the failure to consider all of the laboratory work that has been performed before deciding to test a treatment on patients for the first time. In particular, negative findings (that suggest that a potential new treatment is ineffective) may be overlooked. Stem cells may help to treat life-threatening infections, but this has not been tested in human patients. However, the effectiveness of stem cell treatments has been tested in animals that act as models of human infection. Before deciding to begin a clinical trial of stem cell therapy for life-threatening infections, Lalu et al. performed an exhaustive search to find all the studies in which stem cells were used to treat animal models of infection. Combining the results of all of these studies using particular analysis techniques revealed that stem cell therapy increased the survival of these animals overall. These positive effects were seen over a range of different experimental conditions (for example, when treating the animals with different doses of stem cells, or giving the doses at different times). Lalu et al. also identified some limitations with most of the laboratory studies that had tested stem cell therapy for infections. Many of the studies used animal models that may not be the best representations of humans with severe infection. In addition, many of the scientists did not report that they had used methods (such as randomization) that would generate the most confidence in their results. Despite these limitations, there was a lot of consistency in the reported results. Overall, the results support the decision to proceed to a clinical trial that tests the effectiveness of stem cells for treating human infections. More generally, Lalu et al.’s analysis demonstrates a way of considering all laboratory evidence before deciding to proceed to a first clinical trial in humans. This may help researchers to identify promising therapies to further develop, and also to identify potential failures before they are tested in patients. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.17850.002
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj M Lalu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Canada.,Clinical Epidemiology Program, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada.,Regenerative Medicine Program, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Katrina J Sullivan
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Shirley Hj Mei
- Regenerative Medicine Program, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - David Moher
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada.,School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Alexander Straus
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Dean A Fergusson
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Duncan J Stewart
- Regenerative Medicine Program, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada.,Department of Cell and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Mazen Jazi
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Malcolm MacLeod
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Brent Winston
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - John Marshall
- Departments of Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Keenan Research Centre of the Li KaShing Knowledge Institute, St. Michaels Hospital, The University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Brian Hutton
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Keith R Walley
- Department of Medicine, Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Lauralyn McIntyre
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
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40
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Could stem cells be the future therapy for sepsis? Blood Rev 2016; 30:439-452. [PMID: 27297212 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2016.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The severity and threat of sepsis is well known, and despite several decades of research, the mortality continues to be high. Stem cells have great potential to be used in various clinical disorders. The innate ability of stem cells such as pluripotency, self-renewal makes them potential agents for therapeutic intervention. The pathophysiology of sepsis is a plethora of complex mechanisms which include the initial microbial infection, followed by "cytokine storm," endothelial dysfunction, coagulation cascade, and the late phase of apoptosis and immune paralysis which ultimately results in multiple organ dysfunction. Stem cells could potentially alter each step of this complex pathophysiology of sepsis. Multiple organ dysfunction associated with sepsis most often leads to death and stem cells have shown their ability to prevent the organ damage and improve the organ function. The possible mechanisms of therapeutic potential of stem cells in sepsis have been discussed in detail. The route of administration, dose level, and timing also play vital role in the overall effect of stem cells in sepsis.
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Mesenchymal stem cells reverse bone marrow dysfunction following injury and stress. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2015; 79:602-8. [PMID: 26402534 DOI: 10.1097/ta.0000000000000823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone marrow (BM) dysfunction following experimental lung contusion (LC) resolves in 7 days; however, if followed by chronic stress (CS) following, BM dysfunction is persistent. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have protective immunomodulatory effects. We hypothesize that MSC can protect the BM against the deleterious effect of CS following LC. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 6-7 per group) underwent LC or LC/CS ± MSC injection. CS consisted of a daily 2-hour period of restraint with repositioning and alarming every 30 minutes to prevent habituation. A single intravenous dose of 5 × 10 MSCs was given within 10 minutes following LC. Animals were sacrificed at Day 7, and peripheral blood (PB) and BM were collected. Flow cytometry was used to assess hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) mobilized to PB. Plasma granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. BM cellularity and growth of BM HPC colonies (colony-forming unit-erythroid [CFU-E], burst-forming unit-erythroid [BFU-E], colony-forming unit-granulocyte, erythrocyte, monocyte, megakaryocyte [CFU-GEMM]) were also evaluated. RESULTS As previously reported, the addition of CS to LC resulted in a 32% decrease in BM cellularity; significant decreases in CFU-GEMM, BFU-E, and CFU-E; and marked increase in HPC in the PB as compared with the naive animals. The addition of MSC to LC/CS resulted in a 22% increase in BM cellularity and significant increases in CFU-GEMM, BFU-E, and CFU-E cultured from the BM. MSCs additionally reduced plasma G-CSF, prevented prolonged mobilization of HPC to PB, and restored colony growth to naive levels. CONCLUSION CS following LC results in persistent BM dysfunction manifested by a significant decrease in cellularity, HPC colony growth, and increased G-CSF levels and HPC mobilization to the PB at 7 days following injury. The addition of a single dose of MSCs following acute traumatic injury reverses the deleterious effects of CS on BM function. Further study is warranted to better understand the mechanisms behind MSC-mediated protection of BM function in the setting of CS.
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Swaminathan S, Rosner MH, Okusa MD. Emerging therapeutic targets of sepsis-associated acute kidney injury. Semin Nephrol 2015; 35:38-54. [PMID: 25795498 DOI: 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2015.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) is linked to high morbidity and mortality. To date, singular approaches to target specific pathways known to contribute to the pathogenesis of SA-AKI have failed. Because of the complexity of the pathogenesis of SA-AKI, a reassessment necessitates integrative approaches to therapeutics of SA-AKI that include general supportive therapies such as the use of vasopressors, fluids, antimicrobials, and target-specific and time-dependent therapeutics. There has been recent progress in our understanding of the pathogenesis and treatment of SA-AKI including the temporal nature of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory processes. In this review, we discuss the clinical and experimental basis of emerging therapeutic approaches that focus on targeting early proinflammatory and late anti-inflammatory processes, as well as therapeutics that may enhance cellular survival and recovery. Finally, we include ongoing clinical trials in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundararaman Swaminathan
- Division of Nephrology, Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Mitchell H Rosner
- Division of Nephrology, Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Mark D Okusa
- Division of Nephrology, Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA.
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43
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Mezey É, Nemeth K. Mesenchymal stem cells and infectious diseases: Smarter than drugs. Immunol Lett 2015; 168:208-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2015.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Zhang L, Wang H, Zhang YQ. Against Ebola: type I interferon guard risk and mesenchymal stromal cell combat sepsis. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2015; 16:1-9. [PMID: 25559950 PMCID: PMC4288939 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1400365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin 300457, China; Department of Biophysics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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