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Azzollini L, Prete DD, Wolf G, Klimek C, Saggioro M, Ricci F, Christodoulaki E, Wiedmer T, Ingles-Prieto A, Superti-Furga G, Scarabottolo L. Development of a live cell assay for the zinc transporter ZnT8. SLAS DISCOVERY : ADVANCING LIFE SCIENCES R & D 2024:100166. [PMID: 38848895 DOI: 10.1016/j.slasd.2024.100166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Zinc is an essential trace element that is involved in many biological processes and in cellular homeostasis. In pancreatic β-cells, zinc is crucial for the synthesis, processing, and secretion of insulin, which plays a key role in glucose homeostasis and which deficiency is the cause of diabetes. The accumulation of zinc in pancreatic cells is regulated by the solute carrier transporter SLC30A8 (or Zinc Transporter 8, ZnT8), which transports zinc from cytoplasm in intracellular vesicles. Allelic variants of SLC30A8 gene have been linked to diabetes. Given the physiological intracellular localization of SLC30A8 in pancreatic β-cells and the ubiquitous endogenous expression of other Zinc transporters in different cell lines that could be used as cellular model for SLC30A8 recombinant over-expression, it is challenging to develop a functional assay to measure SLC30A8 activity. To achieve this goal, we have firstly generated a HEK293 cell line stably overexpressing SLC30A8, where the over-expression favors the partial localization of SLC30A8 on the plasma membrane. Then, we used the combination of this cell model, commercial FluoZin-3 cell permeant zinc dye and live cell imaging approach to follow zinc flux across SLC30A8 over-expressed on plasma membrane, thus developing a novel functional imaging- based assay specific for SLC30A8. Our novel approach can be further explored and optimized, paving the way for future small molecule medium-throughput screening.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gernot Wolf
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Klimek
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Eirini Christodoulaki
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tabea Wiedmer
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alvaro Ingles-Prieto
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Giulio Superti-Furga
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria; Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Maina JG, Balkhiyarova Z, Nouwen A, Pupko I, Ulrich A, Boissel M, Bonnefond A, Froguel P, Khamis A, Prokopenko I, Kaakinen M. Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization and Multiphenotype GWAS Show Causality and Shared Pathophysiology Between Depression and Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2023; 46:1707-1714. [PMID: 37494602 PMCID: PMC10465984 DOI: 10.2337/dc22-2373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Depression is a common comorbidity of type 2 diabetes. We assessed the causal relationships and shared genetics between them. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We applied two-sample, bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) to assess causality between type 2 diabetes and depression. We investigated potential mediation using two-step MR. To identify shared genetics, we performed 1) genome-wide association studies (GWAS) separately and 2) multiphenotype GWAS (MP-GWAS) of type 2 diabetes (19,344 case subjects, 463,641 control subjects) and depression using major depressive disorder (MDD) (5,262 case subjects, 86,275 control subjects) and self-reported depressive symptoms (n = 153,079) in the UK Biobank. We analyzed expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) data from public databases to identify target genes in relevant tissues. RESULTS MR demonstrated a significant causal effect of depression on type 2 diabetes (odds ratio 1.26 [95% CI 1.11-1.44], P = 5.46 × 10-4) but not in the reverse direction. Mediation analysis indicated that 36.5% (12.4-57.6%, P = 0.0499) of the effect from depression on type 2 diabetes was mediated by BMI. GWAS of type 2 diabetes and depressive symptoms did not identify shared loci. MP-GWAS identified seven shared loci mapped to TCF7L2, CDKAL1, IGF2BP2, SPRY2, CCND2-AS1, IRS1, CDKN2B-AS1. MDD has not brought any significant association in either GWAS or MP-GWAS. Most MP-GWAS loci had an eQTL, including single nucleotide polymorphisms implicating the cell cycle gene CCND2 in pancreatic islets and brain and the insulin signaling gene IRS1 in adipose tissue, suggesting a multitissue and pleiotropic underlying mechanism. CONCLUSIONS Our results highlight the importance to prevent type 2 diabetes at the onset of depressive symptoms and the need to maintain a healthy weight in the context of its effect on depression and type 2 diabetes comorbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared G. Maina
- INSERM UMR 1283, CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- University of Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
| | - Zhanna Balkhiyarova
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, U.K
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, U.K
- People-Centred Artificial Intelligence Institute, University of Surrey, Guildford, U.K
| | - Arie Nouwen
- Department of Psychology, Middlesex University, London, U.K
| | - Igor Pupko
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, U.K
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, U.K
| | - Anna Ulrich
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, U.K
| | - Mathilde Boissel
- INSERM UMR 1283, CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- University of Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
| | - Amélie Bonnefond
- INSERM UMR 1283, CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- University of Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, U.K
| | - Philippe Froguel
- INSERM UMR 1283, CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- University of Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, U.K
| | - Amna Khamis
- INSERM UMR 1283, CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- University of Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, U.K
| | - Inga Prokopenko
- INSERM UMR 1283, CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- University of Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, U.K
- People-Centred Artificial Intelligence Institute, University of Surrey, Guildford, U.K
| | - Marika Kaakinen
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, U.K
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, U.K
- People-Centred Artificial Intelligence Institute, University of Surrey, Guildford, U.K
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Yang Z, Wang YE, Kirschke CP, Stephensen CB, Newman JW, Keim NL, Cai Y, Huang L. Effects of a genetic variant rs13266634 in the zinc transporter 8 gene (SLC30A8) on insulin and lipid levels before and after a high-fat mixed macronutrient tolerance test in U.S. adults. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 77:127142. [PMID: 36827808 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The common C-allele of rs13266634 (c.973C>T or p.Arg325Trp) in SLC30A8 (ZNT8) is associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes. While previous studies have examined the correlation of the variant with insulin and glucose metabolism, the effects of this variant on insulin and lipid responses after a lipid challenge in humans remain elusive. The goal of this study was to determine whether the C-allele had an impact on an individual's risk to metabolic syndromes in U.S. adults. METHOD We studied the genotypes of rs13266634 in 349 individuals aged between 18 and 65 y with BMI ranging from 18.5 to 45 kg/m2. The subjects were evaluated for insulin, glucose, HbA1c, ghrelin, and lipid profiles before and after a high-fat mixed macronutrient tolerance test (MMTT). RESULTS We found that the effects of variants rs13266634 on glucose and lipid metabolism were sex-dimorphic, greater impact on males than on females. Insulin incremental area under the curve (AUC) after MMTT was significantly decreased in men with the CC genotype (p < 0.05). Men with the CC genotype also had the lowest fasting non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentrations. On the other hand, the TT genotype was associated with a slower triglyceride removal from the circulation in men after MMTT. The reduced triglyceride removal was also observed in subjects with BMI ≥ 30 carrying either the heterozygous or homozygous T-allele. Nevertheless, the SNP had little effect on fasting or postprandial blood glucose and cholesterol concentrations. CONCLUSION We conclude that the CC genotype negatively affects insulin response after MMTT while the T-allele may negatively influence lipolysis during fasting and postprandial blood triglyceride removal in men and obese subjects, a novel finding in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyue Yang
- Graduate Group of Nutritional Biology, Department of Nutrition, University of California at Davis, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Yining E Wang
- USDA/ARS/Western Human Nutrition Research Center, 430 West Health Sciences Drive, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Catherine P Kirschke
- USDA/ARS/Western Human Nutrition Research Center, 430 West Health Sciences Drive, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Charles B Stephensen
- Graduate Group of Nutritional Biology, Department of Nutrition, University of California at Davis, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA; USDA/ARS/Western Human Nutrition Research Center, 430 West Health Sciences Drive, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - John W Newman
- Graduate Group of Nutritional Biology, Department of Nutrition, University of California at Davis, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA; USDA/ARS/Western Human Nutrition Research Center, 430 West Health Sciences Drive, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Nancy L Keim
- Graduate Group of Nutritional Biology, Department of Nutrition, University of California at Davis, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA; USDA/ARS/Western Human Nutrition Research Center, 430 West Health Sciences Drive, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Yimeng Cai
- Graduate Group of Nutritional Biology, Department of Nutrition, University of California at Davis, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California at Davis, 2805 50th Street, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Liping Huang
- Graduate Group of Nutritional Biology, Department of Nutrition, University of California at Davis, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA; USDA/ARS/Western Human Nutrition Research Center, 430 West Health Sciences Drive, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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Bayer S, Reik A, von Hesler L, Hauner H, Holzapfel C. Association between Genotype and the Glycemic Response to an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15071695. [PMID: 37049537 PMCID: PMC10096950 DOI: 10.3390/nu15071695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The inter-individual variability of metabolic response to foods may be partly due to genetic variation. This systematic review aims to assess the associations between genetic variants and glucose response to an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Three databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Embase) were searched for keywords in the field of genetics, OGTT, and metabolic response (PROSPERO: CRD42021231203). Inclusion criteria were available data on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and glucose area under the curve (gAUC) in a healthy study cohort. In total, 33,219 records were identified, of which 139 reports met the inclusion criteria. This narrative synthesis focused on 49 reports describing gene loci for which several reports were available. An association between SNPs and the gAUC was described for 13 gene loci with 53 different SNPs. Three gene loci were mostly investigated: transcription factor 7 like 2 (TCF7L2), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), and potassium inwardly rectifying channel subfamily J member 11 (KCNJ11). In most reports, the associations were not significant or single findings were not replicated. No robust evidence for an association between SNPs and gAUC after an OGTT in healthy persons was found across the identified studies. Future studies should investigate the effect of polygenic risk scores on postprandial glucose levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Bayer
- Institute for Nutritional Medicine, School of Medicine, University Hospital “Klinikum Rechts der Isar”, Technical University of Munich, 80992 Munich, Germany
| | - Anna Reik
- Institute for Nutritional Medicine, School of Medicine, University Hospital “Klinikum Rechts der Isar”, Technical University of Munich, 80992 Munich, Germany
| | - Lena von Hesler
- Institute for Nutritional Medicine, School of Medicine, University Hospital “Klinikum Rechts der Isar”, Technical University of Munich, 80992 Munich, Germany
| | - Hans Hauner
- Institute for Nutritional Medicine, School of Medicine, University Hospital “Klinikum Rechts der Isar”, Technical University of Munich, 80992 Munich, Germany
- Else Kröner-Fresenius-Center for Nutritional Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Christina Holzapfel
- Institute for Nutritional Medicine, School of Medicine, University Hospital “Klinikum Rechts der Isar”, Technical University of Munich, 80992 Munich, Germany
- Department of Nutritional, Food and Consumer Sciences, Fulda University of Applied Sciences, 36037 Fulda, Germany
- Correspondence:
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ZnT8 loss-of-function accelerates functional maturation of hESC-derived β cells and resists metabolic stress in diabetes. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4142. [PMID: 35842441 PMCID: PMC9288460 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31829-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Human embryonic stem cell-derived β cells (SC-β cells) hold great promise for treatment of diabetes, yet how to achieve functional maturation and protect them against metabolic stresses such as glucotoxicity and lipotoxicity remains elusive. Our single-cell RNA-seq analysis reveals that ZnT8 loss of function (LOF) accelerates the functional maturation of SC-β cells. As a result, ZnT8 LOF improves glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) by releasing the negative feedback of zinc inhibition on insulin secretion. Furthermore, we demonstrate that ZnT8 LOF mutations endow SC-β cells with resistance to lipotoxicity/glucotoxicity-triggered cell death by alleviating endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress through modulation of zinc levels. Importantly, transplantation of SC-β cells with ZnT8 LOF into mice with preexisting diabetes significantly improves glycemia restoration and glucose tolerance. These findings highlight the beneficial effect of ZnT8 LOF on the functional maturation and survival of SC-β cells that are useful as a potential source for cell replacement therapies. Immature function and fragility hinder application of hESC-derived β cells (SC-β cell) for diabetes cell therapy. Here, the authors identify ZnT8 as a gene editing target to enhance the insulin secretion and cell survival under metabolic stress by abolishing zinc transport in SC-β cells.
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Xu K, Lv H, Zhang J, Chen H, He Y, Shen M, Qian Y, Jiang H, Dai H, Zheng S, Yang T, Fu Q. The common rs13266634 C > T variant in SLC30A8 contributes to the heterogeneity of phenotype and clinical features of both type 1 and type 2 diabetic subtypes. Acta Diabetol 2022; 59:545-552. [PMID: 35034185 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-021-01831-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
AIMS T2D and T1D are phenotypically heterogeneous. This study aims to reveal the relationship between the common SLC30A8 rs13266634 variant and subgroups of T2D and T1D and their clinical characteristics. METHODS We included 3158 OGTT-based healthy controls, unrelated 1754 T2D, and 1675 autoantibody-positive T1D individuals. The associations between rs13266634 and subtypes of T2D, T1D, autoantibody status and glycemic-related quantitative traits were performed by binary logistic regression analysis under the additive model and multiple linear regression with appropriate adjustment. RESULTS We found that the T allele of rs13266634 was protectively associated with lean (OR = 0.810, P = 6.91E-04) but not obese T2D with considerable heterogeneity (P = 0.018). This allele also conferred significant protection with T1D of single (OR = 0.847, P = 9.76E-03), but not multi autoantibodies with substantial heterogeneity (P = 0.005). This variant significantly affected OGTT-related insulin release in lean (P = 2.66E-03, 3.88E-03 for CIR and DI, respectively) but not obese healthy individuals. Furthermore, rs13266634 T allele correlated with the risk of ZnT8A (OR = 1.440, P = 3.31E-05) and IA-2A (OR = 1.219, P = 1.32E-03) positivity, with more effect size in children/adolescents compared with adult-onset T1D subtypes. CONCLUSIONS These suggested that the SLC30A8 rs13266634 variant might be put into genetic risk scores to assess the risk of the subtypes of T1D and T2D and their related clinical features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuanfeng Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Hui Lv
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Heng Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yunqiang He
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Min Shen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yu Qian
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Hemin Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Hao Dai
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Shuai Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Qi Fu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
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Xu J, Jin L, Chen J, Zhang R, Zhang H, Li Y, Peng D, Gu Y, Wheeler MB, Hu C. Common variants in genes involved in islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) processing and the degradation pathway are associated with T2DM risk: A Chinese population study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2022; 185:109235. [PMID: 35131375 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2022.109235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM To explore the genetic effects of SLC30A8, IAPP, PCSK1, PCSK2, CPE, PAM and IDE, key genes involved in IAPP processing and degradation pathway on T2DM risk and metabolic traits in Chinese population. METHODS Common variants were genotyped in 10936 Chinese subjects by Asian Screening Array and Multi-Ethnic Global Array. Associations of SNPs with occurrences of T2DM and related traits were evaluated through logistic and multiple linear regression. Genetic risk score (GRS) model was constructed based on 6 T2DM-variants, and its relationship with T2DM and related traits was assessed. RESULTS SLC30A8-rs13266634, PCSK1-rs155980, PCSK2-rs6136035, CPE-rs532192464, PAM-rs7716941, and IDE-rs117929184 were the top SNPs significantly associated with T2DM after adjusting for age, sex, and BMI, associated with blood glucose level, insulin secretion, and insulin sensitivity (all FDR p < 0.05). GRS calculated based on the above SNPs was remarkably correlated with T2DM, blood glucose, and insulin secretion. Furthermore, there was a significant interaction between SLC30A8 and IAPP in patients with T2DM (P = 0.0083). CONCLUSION Our study showed that common variants in genes involved in IAPP processing and the degradation pathway were associated with T2DM in Chinese population. Subjects with high GRS exhibited poorer glucose metabolism and insulin secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xu
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China; Department of Physiology, 1 King's College Circle, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S4L5, Canada
| | - Li Jin
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Shanghai 200020, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Yangyang Li
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Danfeng Peng
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Yunjuan Gu
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20 Xisi Road, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China.
| | - Michael B Wheeler
- Department of Physiology, 1 King's College Circle, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S4L5, Canada.
| | - Cheng Hu
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China; Institute for Metabolic Disease, Fengxian Central Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Shanghai 201499, China.
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Wang H, Li J, Leng J, Li W, Liu J, Yan X, Yu Z, Hu G, Ma RCW, Fang Z, Wang Y, Yang X. The CDKAL1 rs7747752-Bile Acids Interaction Increased Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Nested Case-Control Study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:808956. [PMID: 35360068 PMCID: PMC8960111 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.808956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS The study aimed to explore additive interactions of CDKAL1 rs7747752 and GUDCA/DCA for GDM risk and whether the interactive effects on the risk of GDM was mediated via increasing lysophosphatidylcholines (LPC) 18:0 and/or saturated fatty acid (SFA) 16:0. METHODS A 1:1 age-matched study nested in a prospective cohort of pregnant women (207 pairs) was organized in Tianjin, China. Additive interactions were used to test interaction effects while mediation analyses and Sobel tests were used to test mediation effects of LPC18:0 and SFA16:0 between copresence of rs7747752 and low GUDCA/DCA, and GDM risk. RESULTS The CDKAL1 rs7747752 was associated with GDM (P<0.05). The rs7747752 C polymorphism markedly enhanced ORs of low GUDCA from 4.04 (0.72-22.8) to 9.02 (1.63-49.7) and low DCA from 1.67 (0.68-4.11) to 4.24 (1.84-9.76), both with significant additive interactions. Further adjustment for LPC18:0 attenuated the interactive effects of rs7747752 and low DCA, with a significant mediation effect (P=0.003). High SFA16:0 did not mediate the interactive effects of rs7747752 and low DCA/GUDCA on GDM risk. CONCLUSIONS The CDKAL1 rs7747752 C carrier status and low GUDCA/DCA had significant additive interactions on the risk of GDM with the effect from interaction with DCA being partially mediated via increasing LPC18:0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Junhong Leng
- Project Office, Tianjin Women and Children’s Health Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Weiqin Li
- Project Office, Tianjin Women and Children’s Health Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinnan Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoyan Yan
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi, China
| | - Zhijie Yu
- Population Cancer Research Program and Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Gang Hu
- Chronic Disease Epidemiology Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Ronald C. W. Ma
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhongze Fang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Xilin Yang, ; ; Ying Wang, ; Zhongze Fang,
| | - Ying Wang
- Scientific Research Platform of the Second School of Clinical Medicine & Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Technology in Stomatology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- *Correspondence: Xilin Yang, ; ; Ying Wang, ; Zhongze Fang,
| | - Xilin Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Xilin Yang, ; ; Ying Wang, ; Zhongze Fang,
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Germanos M, Gao A, Taper M, Yau B, Kebede MA. Inside the Insulin Secretory Granule. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11080515. [PMID: 34436456 PMCID: PMC8401130 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11080515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The pancreatic β-cell is purpose-built for the production and secretion of insulin, the only hormone that can remove glucose from the bloodstream. Insulin is kept inside miniature membrane-bound storage compartments known as secretory granules (SGs), and these specialized organelles can readily fuse with the plasma membrane upon cellular stimulation to release insulin. Insulin is synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) as a biologically inactive precursor, proinsulin, along with several other proteins that will also become members of the insulin SG. Their coordinated synthesis enables synchronized transit through the ER and Golgi apparatus for congregation at the trans-Golgi network, the initiating site of SG biogenesis. Here, proinsulin and its constituents enter the SG where conditions are optimized for proinsulin processing into insulin and subsequent insulin storage. A healthy β-cell is continually generating SGs to supply insulin in vast excess to what is secreted. Conversely, in type 2 diabetes (T2D), the inability of failing β-cells to secrete may be due to the limited biosynthesis of new insulin. Factors that drive the formation and maturation of SGs and thus the production of insulin are therefore critical for systemic glucose control. Here, we detail the formative hours of the insulin SG from the luminal perspective. We do this by mapping the journey of individual members of the SG as they contribute to its genesis.
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10
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The Multifactorial Progression from the Islet Autoimmunity to Type 1 Diabetes in Children. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147493. [PMID: 34299114 PMCID: PMC8305179 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) results from autoimmune destruction of insulin producing pancreatic ß-cells. This disease, with a peak incidence in childhood, causes the lifelong need for insulin injections and necessitates careful monitoring of blood glucose levels. However, despite the current insulin therapies, it still shortens life expectancy due to complications affecting multiple organs. Recently, the incidence of T1D in childhood has increased by 3-5% per year in most developed Western countries. The heterogeneity of the disease process is supported by the findings of follow-up studies started early in infancy. The development of T1D is usually preceded by the appearance of autoantibodies targeted against antigens expressed in the pancreatic islets. The risk of T1D increases significantly with an increasing number of positive autoantibodies. The order of autoantibody appearance affects the disease risk. Genetic susceptibility, mainly defined by the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II gene region and environmental factors, is important in the development of islet autoimmunity and T1D. Environmental factors, mainly those linked to the changes in the gut microbiome as well as several pathogens, especially viruses, and diet are key modulators of T1D. The aim of this paper is to expand the understanding of the aetiology and pathogenesis of T1D in childhood by detailed description and comparison of factors affecting the progression from the islet autoimmunity to T1D in children.
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11
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Xu J, Wijesekara N, Regeenes R, Rijjal DA, Piro AL, Song Y, Wu A, Bhattacharjee A, Liu Y, Marzban L, Rocheleau JV, Fraser PE, Dai FF, Hu C, Wheeler MB. Pancreatic β cell-selective zinc transporter 8 insufficiency accelerates diabetes associated with islet amyloidosis. JCI Insight 2021; 6:143037. [PMID: 34027899 PMCID: PMC8262350 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.143037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
GWAS have shown that the common R325W variant of SLC30A8 (ZnT8) increases the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, ZnT8 haploinsufficiency is protective against T2D in humans, counterintuitive to earlier work in humans and mouse models. Therefore, whether decreasing ZnT8 activity is beneficial or detrimental to β cell function, especially under conditions of metabolic stress, remains unknown. In order to examine whether the existence of human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP), a coresident of the insulin granule, affects the role of ZnT8 in regulating β cell function, hIAPP-expressing transgenics were generated with reduced ZnT8 (ZnT8B+/– hIAPP) or null ZnT8 (ZnT8B–/– hIAPP) expression specifically in β cells. We showed that ZnT8B–/– hIAPP mice on a high-fat diet had intensified amyloid deposition and further impaired glucose tolerance and insulin secretion compared with control, ZnT8B–/–, and hIAPP mice. This can in part be attributed to impaired glucose sensing and islet cell synchronicity. Importantly, ZnT8B+/– hIAPP mice were also glucose intolerant and had reduced insulin secretion and increased amyloid aggregation compared with controls. These data suggest that loss of or reduced ZnT8 activity in β cells heightened the toxicity induced by hIAPP, leading to impaired β cell function and glucose homeostasis associated with metabolic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xu
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nadeeja Wijesekara
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario Canada
| | - Romario Regeenes
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dana Al Rijjal
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anthony L Piro
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Youchen Song
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anne Wu
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alpana Bhattacharjee
- Division of Advanced Diagnostics, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ying Liu
- Division of Advanced Diagnostics, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lucy Marzban
- College of Pharmacy, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Jonathan V Rocheleau
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paul E Fraser
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Feihan F Dai
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cheng Hu
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Institute for Metabolic Disease, Fengxian Central Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Michael B Wheeler
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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12
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Barragán-Álvarez CP, Padilla-Camberos E, Díaz NF, Cota-Coronado A, Hernández-Jiménez C, Bravo-Reyna CC, Díaz-Martínez NE. Loss of Znt8 function in diabetes mellitus: risk or benefit? Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:2703-2718. [PMID: 33666829 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04114-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8) plays an essential role in zinc homeostasis inside pancreatic β cells, its function is related to the stabilization of insulin hexameric form. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have established a positive and negative relationship of ZnT8 variants with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), exposing a dual and controversial role. The first hypotheses about its role in T2DM indicated a higher risk of developing T2DM for loss of function; nevertheless, recent GWAS of ZnT8 loss-of-function mutations in humans have shown protection against T2DM. With regard to the ZnT8 role in T2DM, most studies have focused on rodent models and common high-risk variants; however, considerable differences between human and rodent models have been found and the new approaches have included lower-frequency variants as a tool to clarify gene functions, allowing a better understanding of the disease and offering possible therapeutic targets. Therefore, this review will discuss the physiological effects of the ZnT8 variants associated with a major and lower risk of T2DM, emphasizing the low- and rare-frequency variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla P Barragán-Álvarez
- Biotecnología Médica y Farmacéutica, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Padilla-Camberos
- Biotecnología Médica y Farmacéutica, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Nestor F Díaz
- Departamento de Fisiología y Desarrollo Celular, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Agustín Cota-Coronado
- Biotecnología Médica y Farmacéutica, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Claudia Hernández-Jiménez
- Departamento de Cirugía Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carlos C Bravo-Reyna
- Departamento de Cirugía Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Nestor E Díaz-Martínez
- Biotecnología Médica y Farmacéutica, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, Guadalajara, Mexico.
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13
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Liu M, Huang Y, Xu X, Li X, Alam M, Arunagiri A, Haataja L, Ding L, Wang S, Itkin-Ansari P, Kaufman RJ, Tsai B, Qi L, Arvan P. Normal and defective pathways in biogenesis and maintenance of the insulin storage pool. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:142240. [PMID: 33463547 PMCID: PMC7810482 DOI: 10.1172/jci142240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Both basal and glucose-stimulated insulin release occur primarily by insulin secretory granule exocytosis from pancreatic β cells, and both are needed to maintain normoglycemia. Loss of insulin-secreting β cells, accompanied by abnormal glucose tolerance, may involve simple exhaustion of insulin reserves (which, by immunostaining, appears as a loss of β cell identity), or β cell dedifferentiation, or β cell death. While various sensing and signaling defects can result in diminished insulin secretion, somewhat less attention has been paid to diabetes risk caused by insufficiency in the biosynthetic generation and maintenance of the total insulin granule storage pool. This Review offers an overview of insulin biosynthesis, beginning with the preproinsulin mRNA (translation and translocation into the ER), proinsulin folding and export from the ER, and delivery via the Golgi complex to secretory granules for conversion to insulin and ultimate hormone storage. All of these steps are needed for generation and maintenance of the total insulin granule pool, and defects in any of these steps may, weakly or strongly, perturb glycemic control. The foregoing considerations have obvious potential relevance to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes and some forms of monogenic diabetes; conceivably, several of these concepts might also have implications for β cell failure in type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yumeng Huang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Xiaoxi Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Maroof Alam
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Anoop Arunagiri
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Leena Haataja
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Li Ding
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Shusen Wang
- Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | | | - Randal J. Kaufman
- Degenerative Diseases Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Billy Tsai
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, and
| | - Ling Qi
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Peter Arvan
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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14
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tRNA Biology in the Pathogenesis of Diabetes: Role of Genetic and Environmental Factors. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020496. [PMID: 33419045 PMCID: PMC7825315 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The global rise in type 2 diabetes results from a combination of genetic predisposition with environmental assaults that negatively affect insulin action in peripheral tissues and impair pancreatic β-cell function and survival. Nongenetic heritability of metabolic traits may be an important contributor to the diabetes epidemic. Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) are noncoding RNA molecules that play a crucial role in protein synthesis. tRNAs also have noncanonical functions through which they control a variety of biological processes. Genetic and environmental effects on tRNAs have emerged as novel contributors to the pathogenesis of diabetes. Indeed, altered tRNA aminoacylation, modification, and fragmentation are associated with β-cell failure, obesity, and insulin resistance. Moreover, diet-induced tRNA fragments have been linked with intergenerational inheritance of metabolic traits. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of how perturbations in tRNA biology play a role in the pathogenesis of monogenic and type 2 diabetes.
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15
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Campbell JE, Newgard CB. Mechanisms controlling pancreatic islet cell function in insulin secretion. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2021; 22:142-158. [PMID: 33398164 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-020-00317-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic homeostasis in mammals is tightly regulated by the complementary actions of insulin and glucagon. The secretion of these hormones from pancreatic β-cells and α-cells, respectively, is controlled by metabolic, endocrine, and paracrine regulatory mechanisms and is essential for the control of blood levels of glucose. The deregulation of these mechanisms leads to various pathologies, most notably type 2 diabetes, which is driven by the combined lesions of impaired insulin action and a loss of the normal insulin secretion response to glucose. Glucose stimulates insulin secretion from β-cells in a bi-modal fashion, and new insights about the underlying mechanisms, particularly relating to the second or amplifying phase of this secretory response, have been recently gained. Other recent work highlights the importance of α-cell-produced proglucagon-derived peptides, incretin hormones from the gastrointestinal tract and other dietary components, including certain amino acids and fatty acids, in priming and potentiation of the β-cell glucose response. These advances provide a new perspective for the understanding of the β-cell failure that triggers type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan E Campbell
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center and Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.,Department of Medicine, Endocrinology and Metabolism Division, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Christopher B Newgard
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center and Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Endocrinology and Metabolism Division, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA. .,Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
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16
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Sargazi S, Heidari Nia M, Sargazi FM, Sheervalilou R, Saravani R, Mirinejad S. SNPs in the 3'-untranslated region of SLC30A8 confer risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in a south-east Iranian population: Evidences from case-control and bioinformatics studies. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2020; 19:979-988. [PMID: 33553018 PMCID: PMC7843856 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-020-00590-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a heterogenic disease with increasing incidence. The SLC30A8 gene encodes an islet zinc transporter (ZnT8), and its variants have been associated with glucose and pro-insulin levels. This study was aimed to examine the effects of a missense variant (rs13266634 C/T), and two 3'UTR variants (rs2466294 C/G and rs2466293 T/C) in SLC30A8 gene on T2DM risk in a south-east Iranian population. METHODS In this experiment, 450 patients diagnosed with T2DM and 453 healthy subjects from the same geographic area were enrolled. Genotypes were amplified using the ARMS-PCR method. In silico analyses were performed to determine the effects of the variants on the local structure of mRNA, splicing patterns, and potential miRNA-gene interactions as well. RESULTS Significant differences were noticed between cases and controls regarding the genotypic and allelic distribution of the studied variants. As regards rs2466293 and rs2466294 variants, enhanced risk of T2DM was found under allelic, dominant, recessive, and codominant models (OR > 1). Besides, different genetic models of rs13266634 were associated with decreased risk of T2DM (OR < 1). Bioinformatics analyses indicated that the rs2466293 variant might influence the binding of some miRNAs, while the G-allele of rs2466294 decreased the stability of SLC30A8-mRNA. CONCLUSIONS In our population, both SNPs in the 3'-untranslated region of SLC30A8 increased the risk of T2DM, while the rs13266634 variant showed a protective association against T2DM susceptibility. Investigating the effects of other variants in this gene or other ZnTs can further indicate such associations in subjects from the same ethnicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saman Sargazi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Milad Heidari Nia
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Fariba Mirani Sargazi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Roghayeh Sheervalilou
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Ramin Saravani
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Shekoufeh Mirinejad
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
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17
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Syring KE, Bosma KJ, Goleva SB, Singh K, Oeser JK, Lopez CA, Skaar EP, McGuinness OP, Davis LK, Powell DR, O’Brien RM. Potential positive and negative consequences of ZnT8 inhibition. J Endocrinol 2020; 246:189-205. [PMID: 32485672 PMCID: PMC7351606 DOI: 10.1530/joe-20-0138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
SLC30A8 encodes the zinc transporter ZnT8. SLC30A8 haploinsufficiency protects against type 2 diabetes (T2D), suggesting that ZnT8 inhibitors may prevent T2D. We show here that, while adult chow fed Slc30a8 haploinsufficient and knockout (KO) mice have normal glucose tolerance, they are protected against diet-induced obesity (DIO), resulting in improved glucose tolerance. We hypothesize that this protection against DIO may represent one mechanism whereby SLC30A8 haploinsufficiency protects against T2D in humans and that, while SLC30A8 is predominantly expressed in pancreatic islet beta cells, this may involve a role for ZnT8 in extra-pancreatic tissues. Consistent with this latter concept we show in humans, using electronic health record-derived phenotype analyses, that the 'C' allele of the non-synonymous rs13266634 SNP, which confers a gain of ZnT8 function, is associated not only with increased T2D risk and blood glucose, but also with increased risk for hemolytic anemia and decreased mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH). In Slc30a8 KO mice, MCH was unchanged but reticulocytes, platelets and lymphocytes were elevated. Both young and adult Slc30a8 KO mice exhibit a delayed rise in insulin after glucose injection, but only the former exhibit increased basal insulin clearance and impaired glucose tolerance. Young Slc30a8 KO mice also exhibit elevated pancreatic G6pc2 gene expression, potentially mediated by decreased islet zinc levels. These data indicate that the absence of ZnT8 results in a transient impairment in some aspects of metabolism during development. These observations in humans and mice suggest the potential for negative effects associated with T2D prevention using ZnT8 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen E. Syring
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
| | - Karin J. Bosma
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
| | - Slavina B. Goleva
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Kritika Singh
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - James K. Oeser
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
| | - Christopher A. Lopez
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Eric P. Skaar
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Owen P. McGuinness
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
| | - Lea K. Davis
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - David R. Powell
- Lexicon Pharmaceuticals Incorporated, 8800 Technology Forest Place, The Woodlands, Texas 77381
| | - Richard M. O’Brien
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
- To whom correspondence should be addressed: Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, 8415 MRB IV, 2213 Garland Ave Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, TN 37232-0615,
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18
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Krentz NAJ, Gloyn AL. Insights into pancreatic islet cell dysfunction from type 2 diabetes mellitus genetics. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2020; 16:202-212. [PMID: 32099086 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-020-0325-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an increasingly prevalent multifactorial disease that has both genetic and environmental risk factors, resulting in impaired glucose homeostasis. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified over 400 genetic signals that are associated with altered risk of T2DM. Human physiology and epigenomic data support a central role for the pancreatic islet in the pathogenesis of T2DM. This Review focuses on the promises and challenges of moving from genetic associations to molecular mechanisms and highlights efforts to identify the causal variant and effector transcripts at T2DM GWAS susceptibility loci. In addition, we examine current human models that are used to study both β-cell development and function, including EndoC-β cell lines and human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived β-like cells. We use examples of four T2DM susceptibility loci (CDKAL1, MTNR1B, SLC30A8 and PAM) to emphasize how a holistic approach involving genetics, physiology, and cellular and developmental biology can disentangle disease mechanisms at T2DM GWAS signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole A J Krentz
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Anna L Gloyn
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK.
- Stanford Diabetes Research Centre, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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19
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Santos MCFD, Anderson CP, Neschen S, Zumbrennen-Bullough KB, Romney SJ, Kahle-Stephan M, Rathkolb B, Gailus-Durner V, Fuchs H, Wolf E, Rozman J, de Angelis MH, Cai WM, Rajan M, Hu J, Dedon PC, Leibold EA. Irp2 regulates insulin production through iron-mediated Cdkal1-catalyzed tRNA modification. Nat Commun 2020; 11:296. [PMID: 31941883 PMCID: PMC6962211 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-14004-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulation of cellular iron homeostasis is crucial as both iron excess and deficiency cause hematological and neurodegenerative diseases. Here we show that mice lacking iron-regulatory protein 2 (Irp2), a regulator of cellular iron homeostasis, develop diabetes. Irp2 post-transcriptionally regulates the iron-uptake protein transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) and the iron-storage protein ferritin, and dysregulation of these proteins due to Irp2 loss causes functional iron deficiency in β cells. This impairs Fe-S cluster biosynthesis, reducing the function of Cdkal1, an Fe-S cluster enzyme that catalyzes methylthiolation of t6A37 in tRNALysUUU to ms2t6A37. As a consequence, lysine codons in proinsulin are misread and proinsulin processing is impaired, reducing insulin content and secretion. Iron normalizes ms2t6A37 and proinsulin lysine incorporation, restoring insulin content and secretion in Irp2-/- β cells. These studies reveal a previously unidentified link between insulin processing and cellular iron deficiency that may have relevance to type 2 diabetes in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria C Ferreira Dos Santos
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.,Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Cole P Anderson
- Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.,Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.,Landstuhl Regional Medical Center, 66849, Landstuhl, Germany
| | - Susanne Neschen
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Kimberly B Zumbrennen-Bullough
- Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.,Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Steven J Romney
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.,Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.,Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, 02451, USA
| | - Melanie Kahle-Stephan
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,Medizinische Hochschule Brandenburg Theodor Fontane Institut für Sozialmedizin und Epidemiologie, 14770, Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany
| | - Birgit Rathkolb
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Feodor-Lynen Strasse 25, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Valerie Gailus-Durner
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Helmut Fuchs
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Eckhard Wolf
- Institute of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Feodor-Lynen Strasse 25, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Jan Rozman
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,Czech Centre for Phenogenomics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prumyslova, 595, 252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Hrabe de Angelis
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,Chair of Experimental Genetics, School of Life Science Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, Alte Akademie 8, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Weiling Maggie Cai
- Department of Microbiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, 119077.,Antimicrobial Resistance Interdisciplinary Research Group (IRG), Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, 1 CREATE Way, Singapore, Singapore, 138602.,Agilent Technologies, 1 Yishun Ave 7, Singapore, Singapore, 768923
| | - Malini Rajan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.,Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Jennifer Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.,Celgene Corporation, 1616 Eastlake Ave East, Seattle, WA, 98102, USA
| | - Peter C Dedon
- Antimicrobial Resistance Interdisciplinary Research Group (IRG), Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, 1 CREATE Way, Singapore, Singapore, 138602.,Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Leibold
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA. .,Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA. .,Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.
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20
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Müller TD, Finan B, Bloom SR, D'Alessio D, Drucker DJ, Flatt PR, Fritsche A, Gribble F, Grill HJ, Habener JF, Holst JJ, Langhans W, Meier JJ, Nauck MA, Perez-Tilve D, Pocai A, Reimann F, Sandoval DA, Schwartz TW, Seeley RJ, Stemmer K, Tang-Christensen M, Woods SC, DiMarchi RD, Tschöp MH. Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1). Mol Metab 2019; 30:72-130. [PMID: 31767182 PMCID: PMC6812410 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2019.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 817] [Impact Index Per Article: 163.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a multifaceted hormone with broad pharmacological potential. Among the numerous metabolic effects of GLP-1 are the glucose-dependent stimulation of insulin secretion, decrease of gastric emptying, inhibition of food intake, increase of natriuresis and diuresis, and modulation of rodent β-cell proliferation. GLP-1 also has cardio- and neuroprotective effects, decreases inflammation and apoptosis, and has implications for learning and memory, reward behavior, and palatability. Biochemically modified for enhanced potency and sustained action, GLP-1 receptor agonists are successfully in clinical use for the treatment of type-2 diabetes, and several GLP-1-based pharmacotherapies are in clinical evaluation for the treatment of obesity. SCOPE OF REVIEW In this review, we provide a detailed overview on the multifaceted nature of GLP-1 and its pharmacology and discuss its therapeutic implications on various diseases. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS Since its discovery, GLP-1 has emerged as a pleiotropic hormone with a myriad of metabolic functions that go well beyond its classical identification as an incretin hormone. The numerous beneficial effects of GLP-1 render this hormone an interesting candidate for the development of pharmacotherapies to treat obesity, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- T D Müller
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany; Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapy, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Eberhard Karls University Hospitals and Clinics, Tübingen, Germany.
| | - B Finan
- Novo Nordisk Research Center Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - S R Bloom
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - D D'Alessio
- Division of Endocrinology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - D J Drucker
- The Department of Medicine, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mt. Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario, M5G1X5, Canada
| | - P R Flatt
- SAAD Centre for Pharmacy & Diabetes, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - A Fritsche
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany; Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Vascular Disease, Nephrology and Clinical Chemistry, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - F Gribble
- Metabolic Research Laboratories and Medical Research Council Metabolic Diseases Unit, Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - H J Grill
- Institute of Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - J F Habener
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J J Holst
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - W Langhans
- Physiology and Behavior Laboratory, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - J J Meier
- Diabetes Division, St Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - M A Nauck
- Diabetes Center Bochum-Hattingen, St Josef Hospital (Ruhr-Universität Bochum), Bochum, Germany
| | - D Perez-Tilve
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati-College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - A Pocai
- Cardiovascular & ImmunoMetabolism, Janssen Research & Development, Welsh and McKean Roads, Spring House, PA, 19477, USA
| | - F Reimann
- Metabolic Research Laboratories and Medical Research Council Metabolic Diseases Unit, Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - D A Sandoval
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - T W Schwartz
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, DL-2200, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - R J Seeley
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - K Stemmer
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - M Tang-Christensen
- Obesity Research, Global Drug Discovery, Novo Nordisk A/S, Måløv, Denmark
| | - S C Woods
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - R D DiMarchi
- Novo Nordisk Research Center Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - M H Tschöp
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany; Division of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medicine, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
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21
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ZnT8 Haploinsufficiency Impacts MIN6 Cell Zinc Content and β-Cell Phenotype via ZIP-ZnT8 Coregulation. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215485. [PMID: 31690008 PMCID: PMC6861948 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The zinc transporter ZnT8 (SLC30A8) localises to insulin secretory granules of β-cells where it facilitates zinc uptake for insulin crystallisation. ZnT8 abundance has been linked to β-cell survival and functional phenotype. However, the consequences of ZnT8 haploinsufficiency for β-cell zinc trafficking and function remain unclear. Since investigations in human populations have shown SLC30A8 truncating polymorphisms to decrease the risk of developing Type 2 Diabetes, we hypothesised that ZnT8 haploinsufficiency would improve β-cell function and maintain the endocrine phenotype. We used CRISPR/Cas9 technology to generate ZnT8 haploinsufficient mouse MIN6 β-cells and showed that ZnT8 haploinsufficiency is associated with downregulation of mRNAs for Slc39a8 and Slc39a14, which encode for the zinc importers, Znt- and Irt-related proteins 8 (ZIP8) and 14 (ZIP14), and with lowered total cellular zinc content. ZnT8 haploinsufficiency disrupts expression of a distinct array of important β-cell markers, decreases cellular proliferation via mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase cascades and downregulates insulin gene expression. Thus, ZnT8 cooperates with zinc importers of the ZIP family to maintain β-cell zinc homeostasis. In contrast to the hypothesis, lowered ZnT8 expression reduces MIN6 cell survival by affecting zinc-dependent transcription factors that control the β-cell phenotype.
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22
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Williams CL, Long AE. What has zinc transporter 8 autoimmunity taught us about type 1 diabetes? Diabetologia 2019; 62:1969-1976. [PMID: 31444530 PMCID: PMC6805822 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-019-04975-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8), a protein highly specific to pancreatic insulin-producing beta cells, is vital for the biosynthesis and secretion of insulin. ZnT8 autoantibodies (ZnT8A) are among the most recently discovered and least-characterised islet autoantibodies. In combination with autoantibodies to several other islet antigens, including insulin, ZnT8A help predict risk of future type 1 diabetes. Often, ZnT8A appear later in the pathogenic process leading to type 1 diabetes, suggesting that the antigen is recognised as part of the spreading, rather than the initial, autoimmune response. The development of autoantibodies to different forms of ZnT8 depends on the genotype of an individual for a polymorphic ZnT8 residue. This genetic variant is associated with susceptibility to type 2 but not type 1 diabetes. Levels of ZnT8A often fall rapidly after diagnosis while other islet autoantibodies can persist for many years. In this review, we consider the contribution made by ZnT8 to our understanding of type 1 diabetes over the past decade and what remains to be investigated in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire L Williams
- Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Level 2, Learning and Research, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, BS10 5NB, UK
| | - Anna E Long
- Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Level 2, Learning and Research, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, BS10 5NB, UK.
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23
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Dwivedi OP, Lehtovirta M, Hastoy B, Chandra V, Krentz NAJ, Kleiner S, Jain D, Richard AM, Abaitua F, Beer NL, Grotz A, Prasad RB, Hansson O, Ahlqvist E, Krus U, Artner I, Suoranta A, Gomez D, Baras A, Champon B, Payne AJ, Moralli D, Thomsen SK, Kramer P, Spiliotis I, Ramracheya R, Chabosseau P, Theodoulou A, Cheung R, van de Bunt M, Flannick J, Trombetta M, Bonora E, Wolheim CB, Sarelin L, Bonadonna RC, Rorsman P, Davies B, Brosnan J, McCarthy MI, Otonkoski T, Lagerstedt JO, Rutter GA, Gromada J, Gloyn AL, Tuomi T, Groop L. Loss of ZnT8 function protects against diabetes by enhanced insulin secretion. Nat Genet 2019; 51:1596-1606. [PMID: 31676859 PMCID: PMC6858874 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-019-0513-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A rare loss-of-function allele p.Arg138* in SLC30A8 encoding the zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8), which is enriched in Western Finland, protects against type 2 diabetes (T2D). We recruited relatives of the identified carriers and showed that protection was associated with better insulin secretion due to enhanced glucose responsiveness and proinsulin conversion, particularly when compared with individuals matched for the genotype of a common T2D-risk allele in SLC30A8, p.Arg325. In genome-edited human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived β-like cells, we establish that the p.Arg138* allele results in reduced SLC30A8 expression due to haploinsufficiency. In human β cells, loss of SLC30A8 leads to increased glucose responsiveness and reduced KATP channel function similar to isolated islets from carriers of the T2D-protective allele p.Trp325. These data position ZnT8 as an appealing target for treatment aimed at maintaining insulin secretion capacity in T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Om Prakash Dwivedi
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mikko Lehtovirta
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Benoit Hastoy
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Vikash Chandra
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program and Biomedicum Stem Cell Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nicole A J Krentz
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Deepak Jain
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Fernando Abaitua
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nicola L Beer
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Antje Grotz
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Rashmi B Prasad
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ola Hansson
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Emma Ahlqvist
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Krus
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Isabella Artner
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Anu Suoranta
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Aris Baras
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | - Benoite Champon
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Anthony J Payne
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Daniela Moralli
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Soren K Thomsen
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Philipp Kramer
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ioannis Spiliotis
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Reshma Ramracheya
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Pauline Chabosseau
- Section of Cell Biology, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Hammersmith, Hospital, London, UK
| | - Andria Theodoulou
- Section of Cell Biology, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Hammersmith, Hospital, London, UK
| | - Rebecca Cheung
- Section of Cell Biology, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Hammersmith, Hospital, London, UK
| | - Martijn van de Bunt
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jason Flannick
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Maddalena Trombetta
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Enzo Bonora
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Claes B Wolheim
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | - Riccardo C Bonadonna
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma School of Medicine and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Patrik Rorsman
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Benjamin Davies
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Mark I McCarthy
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Timo Otonkoski
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program and Biomedicum Stem Cell Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jens O Lagerstedt
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Guy A Rutter
- Section of Cell Biology, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Hammersmith, Hospital, London, UK
| | | | - Anna L Gloyn
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Tiinamaija Tuomi
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Abdominal Center, Endocrinology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Leif Groop
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland.
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden.
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24
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Shalimova A, Fadieienko G, Kolesnikova O, Isayeva A, Zlatkina V, Nemtsova V, Prosolenko K, Psarova V, Kyrychenko N, Kochuieva M. The Role of Genetic Polymorphism in the Formation of Arterial Hypertension, Type 2 Diabetes and their Comorbidity. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 25:218-227. [PMID: 30868946 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190314124049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hereditary component plays a significant role in the formation of insulin resistance (IR) - one of the pathogenetic links of arterial hypertension (AH) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). However, the genetic predisposition to IR can not be realized and does not manifest itself clinically in the absence of appropriate factors of the environment (excessive nutrition, low physical activity, etc.). OBJECTIVE The review summarizes the results of studies which describe the contribution of genetic polymorphism to the formation and progression of AH, DM2 and their comorbidity in various populations. RESULTS In many studies, it has been established that genetic polymorphism of candidate genes is influenced by the formation, course and complication of AH and DM2. According to research data, the modulating effect of polymorphism of some genetic markers of AH and DM2 on metabolism and hemodynamics has been established. The results of numerous studies have shown a higher frequency of occurrence of AH and DM2, as well as their more severe course with adverse genetic polymorphisms. At the same time, the role of genetic polymorphism in the formation of AH and DM2 differs in different populations. CONCLUSION Contradictory data on the influence of gene polymorphisms on the formation of AH and DM2 in different populations, as well as a small number of studies on the combined effects of several polymorphisms on the formation of comorbidity, determine the continuation of research in this direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Shalimova
- The Government Institution 'L.T. Malaya Therapy National Institute of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine', Kharkiv, Ukraine.,Kharkiv National Medical University, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Galyna Fadieienko
- The Government Institution 'L.T. Malaya Therapy National Institute of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine', Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Olena Kolesnikova
- The Government Institution 'L.T. Malaya Therapy National Institute of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine', Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Anna Isayeva
- The Government Institution 'L.T. Malaya Therapy National Institute of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine', Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Vira Zlatkina
- Kharkiv National Medical University, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | | | | | | | | | - Maryna Kochuieva
- Kharkiv Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Kharkiv, Ukraine
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25
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Huang Q, Du J, Merriman C, Gong Z. Genetic, Functional, and Immunological Study of ZnT8 in Diabetes. Int J Endocrinol 2019; 2019:1524905. [PMID: 30936916 PMCID: PMC6413397 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1524905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc level in the body is finely regulated to maintain cellular function. Dysregulation of zinc metabolism may induce a variety of diseases, e.g., diabetes. Zinc participates in insulin synthesis, storage, and secretion by functioning as a "cellular second messenger" in the insulin signaling pathway and glucose homeostasis. The highest zinc concentration is in the pancreas islets. Zinc accumulation in cell granules is manipulated by ZnT8, a zinc transporter expressed predominately in pancreatic α and β cells. A common ZnT8 gene (SLC30A8) polymorphism increases the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and rare mutations may present protective effects. In type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), autoantibodies show specificity for binding two variants of ZnT8 (R or W at amino acid 325) dictated by a polymorphism in SLC30A8. In this review, we summarize the structure, feature, functions, and polymorphisms of ZnT8 along with its association with diabetes and explore future study directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Du
- Department of Pharmacy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Chengfeng Merriman
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 725 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Zhicheng Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
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26
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Fritsche L, Sarief M, Wagner R, Stefan N, Lehmann R, Häring HU, Grallert H, Fritsche A, Lechner A. Genetic variation in TCF7L2 rs7903146 and history of GDM negatively and independently impact on diabetes-associated metabolic traits. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2018; 146:251-257. [PMID: 30419301 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Gestational diabetes (GDM) is recognized as a major risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) later in life. Risk allele carriers at TCF7L2 rs7903146 have increased susceptibility for both GDM and T2DM. We hypothesized that carrying TCF7L2 risk alleles would further aggravate the negative impact of a positive history for GDM on metabolic traits related to T2DM later in life. METHODS 210 women with a confirmed history of gestational diabetes and 810 controls without evidence for GDM underwent standardized 75 g oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT). Liver fat was quantified in a subset of subjects (n = 444) using magnetic resonance spectroscopy. RESULTS 504 women were homozygous or heterozygous risk allele carriers. The risk allele carriers had a higher risk for GDM (p = 0.0076, OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.11-2.06). Multivariable regression analysis demonstrated that both a history of GDM, or carrying a TCF7L2 risk allele resulted in lower insulin secretion, impaired proinsulin processing and higher fasting and 2-hour glucose levels. Liver fat content was not associated with either a history of GDM or a TCF7L2 risk genotype. There was no significant interaction (all p > 0.05) between history of GDM and TCF7L2 risk alleles on all diabetes-associated metabolic traits tested. CONCLUSION The TCF7L2 rs7903146 polymorphism is a risk factor for gestational diabetes. However, the additional presence of TCF7L2 rs7903146 risk alleles does not further aggravate the negative impact of a history of gestational diabetes on metabolic traits related to T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Fritsche
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Nephrology, Angiology and Clinical Chemistry, Eberhardt Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany; Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Tuebingen (IDM), Tuebingen, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Mirjam Sarief
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany; Diabetes Research Group, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany; Clinical Cooperation Group Type 2 Diabetes, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Robert Wagner
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Nephrology, Angiology and Clinical Chemistry, Eberhardt Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany; Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Tuebingen (IDM), Tuebingen, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Norbert Stefan
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Nephrology, Angiology and Clinical Chemistry, Eberhardt Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany; Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Tuebingen (IDM), Tuebingen, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Rainer Lehmann
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Nephrology, Angiology and Clinical Chemistry, Eberhardt Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany; Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Tuebingen (IDM), Tuebingen, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Hans-Ulrich Häring
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Nephrology, Angiology and Clinical Chemistry, Eberhardt Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany; Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Tuebingen (IDM), Tuebingen, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Harald Grallert
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany; Diabetes Research Group, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany; Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Institute for Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Fritsche
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Nephrology, Angiology and Clinical Chemistry, Eberhardt Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany; Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Tuebingen (IDM), Tuebingen, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Andreas Lechner
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany; Diabetes Research Group, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany; Clinical Cooperation Group Type 2 Diabetes, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
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27
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Wei FY, Tomizawa K. tRNA modifications and islet function. Diabetes Obes Metab 2018; 20 Suppl 2:20-27. [PMID: 30230180 DOI: 10.1111/dom.13405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Efficient and accurate protein translation is essential to producing insulin in pancreatic β-cells. Transfer RNA (tRNA) is known as the key component of the protein translational machinery. Interestingly, tRNA contains a wide variety of chemical modifications, which are posttranscriptionally catalysed by tRNA modifying enzymes. Recent advances in genome-sequencing technology have unveiled a number of genetic variations that are associated with the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Some of these mutations are located in the genes of tRNA modifying enzymes. Using cellular and animal models, it has been showed that dysregulation of tRNA modification impairs protein translation in pancreatic β-cells and leads to aberrant insulin production. In this review, we discuss the recent findings in the molecular functions of tRNA modifications and their involvement in the development of T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan-Yan Wei
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Tomizawa
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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28
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Soltani G, Hatefi Z, Salehi AR, Khosravi S, Ghiasi MR, Teke K, Aminorroaya A, Salehi R. Pharmacogenomics of Sulfonylureas Response in Relation to rs7754840 Polymorphisms in Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5 Regulatory Subunit-associated Protein 1-like (CDKAL1) Gene in Iranian Type 2 Diabetes Patients. Adv Biomed Res 2018; 7:96. [PMID: 30050884 PMCID: PMC6036778 DOI: 10.4103/abr.abr_144_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Sulfonylureas are important drugs of choice for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). It is suggested that differential response to sulfonylureas from T2DM patients is under influence of single nucleotide polymorphisms in some of the target genes. In spite of favorable therapeutic effects, sulfonylureas are associated with some adverse side effects such as microvascular complications and stroke, especially in older patients. Therefore, for T2DM patients who are getting less benefit, sulfonylureas should be avoided. Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 regulatory subunit-associated protein 1-like (CDKAL1) gene variation is reported to be associated with sulfonylureas effectiveness. Due to the inconsistency of available data regarding association of rs7754840 in CDKAL1 gene with sulfonylureas response in T2DM patients, the present study is conducted. Materials and Methods: Fifty-one diabetic patients sensitive to sulfonylureas and 51 patients resistant to sulfonylureas treatment were recruited to this study. After extraction of DNA from patients' peripheral blood samples, rs7754840 single-nucleotide polymorphism was genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay using MaeII (Tail) restriction enzyme. Results: Frequency of G allele in resistant group was more than sensitive group (71, 6% vs. 57, 8%). Regression analysis was shown significant association between GG genotype and higher risk of resistance to sulfonylureas treatment (odds ratio = 2.250 [95% confidential intervals: 1.010–5.012]; P = 0.046). Conclusion: Our data confirmed that genotypes of rs7754840 are significantly associated with sulfonylureas treatment response. rs7754840 in CDKAL1 gene in combination with other clinicopathological findings would help to move towards personalized therapy of T2DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goljahan Soltani
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Hatefi
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Salehi
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sharifeh Khosravi
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Moosa Rahimi Ghiasi
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Keimer Teke
- Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization Research Centre, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ashraf Aminorroaya
- Isfahan Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Rasoul Salehi
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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29
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Jainandunsing S, Koole HR, van Miert JNI, Rietveld T, Wattimena JLD, Sijbrands EJG, de Rooij FWM. Transcription factor 7-like 2 gene links increased in vivo insulin synthesis to type 2 diabetes. EBioMedicine 2018; 30:295-302. [PMID: 29631902 PMCID: PMC5952407 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) is the main susceptibility gene for type 2 diabetes, primarily through impairing the insulin secretion by pancreatic β cells. However, the exact in vivo mechanisms remain poorly understood. We performed a family study and determined if the T risk allele of the rs7903146 in the TCF7L2 gene increases the risk of type 2 diabetes based on real-time stable isotope measurements of insulin synthesis during an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test. In addition, we performed oral minimal model (OMM) analyses to assess insulin sensitivity and β cell function indices. Compared to unaffected relatives, individuals with type 2 diabetes had lower OMM indices and a higher level of insulin synthesis. We found a T allele-dosage effect on insulin synthesis and on glucose tolerance status, therefore insulin synthesis was higher among T-allele carriers with type 2 diabetes than in wild-type individuals. These results suggest that hyperinsulinemia is not only an adaptation to insulin resistance, but also a direct cause of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sjaam Jainandunsing
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - H Rita Koole
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joram N I van Miert
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Trinet Rietveld
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J L Darcos Wattimena
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eric J G Sijbrands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Felix W M de Rooij
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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30
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Ordelheide AM, Hrabě de Angelis M, Häring HU, Staiger H. Pharmacogenetics of oral antidiabetic therapy. Pharmacogenomics 2018; 19:577-587. [PMID: 29580198 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2017-0195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes prevalence is still on the rise worldwide. Antidiabetic drugs are widely prescribed to patients with Type 2 diabetes. Most patients start with metformin which is mostly well tolerated. However, a high percentage of patients fail to achieve glycemic control. The effectiveness of metformin as well as most other antidiabetic drugs depends among other factors on interindividual genetic differences that are up to now ignored in the treatment of Type 2 diabetes. Interestingly, many genes influencing the effectiveness of antidiabetic drugs are Type 2 diabetes risk genes making matters worse. Here, we shed light on these interindividual genetic differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Maria Ordelheide
- Institute for Diabetes Research & Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Centre Munich at the Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Martin Hrabě de Angelis
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Neuherberg, Germany.,Chair for Experimental Genetics, Technical University Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Hans-Ulrich Häring
- Institute for Diabetes Research & Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Centre Munich at the Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine IV, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Angiology, Nephrology & Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Tübingen, Germany.,Interfaculty Center for Pharmacogenomics & PharmaResearch at the Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Germany
| | - Harald Staiger
- Institute for Diabetes Research & Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Centre Munich at the Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.,Interfaculty Center for Pharmacogenomics & PharmaResearch at the Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Germany.,Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy & Biochemistry, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Germany
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31
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32
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Cai Y, Kirschke CP, Huang L. SLC30A family expression in the pancreatic islets of humans and mice: cellular localization in the β-cells. J Mol Histol 2018; 49:133-145. [DOI: 10.1007/s10735-017-9753-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/30/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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33
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Dong F, Zhang BH, Zheng SL, Huang XX, Du XB, Zhu KH, Chen XJ, Wu J, Liu DD, Wen ZH, Zou XQ, Liu YM, Dong SR, Zeng FF, Yang G, Jing CX. Association Between SLC30A8 rs13266634 Polymorphism and Risk of T2DM and IGR in Chinese Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:564. [PMID: 30319545 PMCID: PMC6167413 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Published data regarding the association between solute carrier family 30, member 8 (SLC30A8) rs13266634 polymorphism and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and impaired glucose regulation (IGR) risks in Chinese population are in-consistent. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the association between SLC30A8 rs13266634 and T2DM/IGR in a Chinese population. Material and Methods: Three English (PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science) and three Chinese databases (Wanfang, CNKI, and CBMD database) were used for searching articles from January 2005 to January 2018. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) were calculated with the random-effect model. Trial sequential analysis was also utilized. Results: Twenty-eight case-control studies with 25,912 cases and 26,975 controls were included for SLC30A8 and T2DM. Pooled risk allele C frequency for rs13266634 was 60.6% (95%CI: 59.2-62.0%) in the T2DM group and 54.8% (95%CI: 53.2-56.4%) in the control group which had estimated OR of 1.23 (95%CI: 1.17-1.28). Individuals who carried major homozygous CC and heterozygous CT genotype were at 1.51 and 1.23 times higher risk of T2DM, respectively, than those carrying minor homozygous TT. The most appropriate genetic analysis model was the co-dominant model based on comparison of OR1, OR2 and OR3. Five articles that involved 4,627 cases and 6,166 controls were included for SLC30A8 and IGR. However, no association was found between SLC30A8 rs13266634 and IGR (C vs. T, OR = 1.13, 95%CI: 0.98-1.30, p = 0.082). TSA revealed that the pooled sample sizes of T2DM exceeded the estimated required information size but not the IGR. Conclusion: The present meta-analysis demonstrated that SLC30A8 rs13266634 was a potential risk factor for T2DM, and more studies should be performed to confirm the association between rs13266634 polymorphism and IGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Dong
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Information and Statistics, Shenzhen Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bao-huan Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shao-ling Zheng
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiu-xia Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiu-ben Du
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ke-hui Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-jing Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan-dan Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zi-hao Wen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-qian Zou
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-mei Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi-rui Dong
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fang-fang Zeng
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Fang-fang Zeng
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Guang Yang
| | - Chun-xia Jing
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Chun-xia Jing
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34
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Facchinello N, Tarifeño-Saldivia E, Grisan E, Schiavone M, Peron M, Mongera A, Ek O, Schmitner N, Meyer D, Peers B, Tiso N, Argenton F. Tcf7l2 plays pleiotropic roles in the control of glucose homeostasis, pancreas morphology, vascularization and regeneration. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9605. [PMID: 28851992 PMCID: PMC5575064 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09867-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a disease characterized by impaired insulin secretion. The Wnt signaling transcription factor Tcf7l2 is to date the T2D-associated gene with the largest effect on disease susceptibility. However, the mechanisms by which TCF7L2 variants affect insulin release from β-cells are not yet fully understood. By taking advantage of a tcf7l2 zebrafish mutant line, we first show that these animals are characterized by hyperglycemia and impaired islet development. Moreover, we demonstrate that the zebrafish tcf7l2 gene is highly expressed in the exocrine pancreas, suggesting potential bystander effects on β-cell growth, differentiation and regeneration. Finally, we describe a peculiar vascular phenotype in tcf7l2 mutant larvae, characterized by significant reduction in the average number and diameter of pancreatic islet capillaries. Overall, the zebrafish Tcf7l2 mutant, characterized by hyperglycemia, pancreatic and vascular defects, and reduced regeneration proves to be a suitable model to study the mechanism of action and the pleiotropic effects of Tcf7l2, the most relevant T2D GWAS hit in human populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Estefania Tarifeño-Saldivia
- Laboratory of Zebrafish Development and Disease Models, GIGA-R, University of Liege, B-4000, Sart Tilman, Belgium
| | - Enrico Grisan
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, I-35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Schiavone
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, I-35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Margherita Peron
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, I-35131, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Olivier Ek
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, I-35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Nicole Schmitner
- Institute of Molecular Biology, CMBI, Leopold-Franzens-University Innsbruck, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Dirk Meyer
- Institute of Molecular Biology, CMBI, Leopold-Franzens-University Innsbruck, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Bernard Peers
- Laboratory of Zebrafish Development and Disease Models, GIGA-R, University of Liege, B-4000, Sart Tilman, Belgium
| | - Natascia Tiso
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, I-35131, Padova, Italy.
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35
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Wood AR, Jonsson A, Jackson AU, Wang N, van Leewen N, Palmer ND, Kobes S, Deelen J, Boquete-Vilarino L, Paananen J, Stančáková A, Boomsma DI, de Geus EJC, Eekhoff EMW, Fritsche A, Kramer M, Nijpels G, Simonis-Bik A, van Haeften TW, Mahajan A, Boehnke M, Bergman RN, Tuomilehto J, Collins FS, Mohlke KL, Banasik K, Groves CJ, McCarthy MI, Pearson ER, Natali A, Mari A, Buchanan TA, Taylor KD, Xiang AH, Gjesing AP, Grarup N, Eiberg H, Pedersen O, Chen YD, Laakso M, Norris JM, Smith U, Wagenknecht LE, Baier L, Bowden DW, Hansen T, Walker M, Watanabe RM, 't Hart LM, Hanson RL, Frayling TM. A Genome-Wide Association Study of IVGTT-Based Measures of First-Phase Insulin Secretion Refines the Underlying Physiology of Type 2 Diabetes Variants. Diabetes 2017; 66:2296-2309. [PMID: 28490609 PMCID: PMC5521867 DOI: 10.2337/db16-1452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the physiological mechanisms by which common variants predispose to type 2 diabetes requires large studies with detailed measures of insulin secretion and sensitivity. Here we performed the largest genome-wide association study of first-phase insulin secretion, as measured by intravenous glucose tolerance tests, using up to 5,567 individuals without diabetes from 10 studies. We aimed to refine the mechanisms of 178 known associations between common variants and glycemic traits and identify new loci. Thirty type 2 diabetes or fasting glucose-raising alleles were associated with a measure of first-phase insulin secretion at P < 0.05 and provided new evidence, or the strongest evidence yet, that insulin secretion, intrinsic to the islet cells, is a key mechanism underlying the associations at the HNF1A, IGF2BP2, KCNQ1, HNF1B, VPS13C/C2CD4A, FAF1, PTPRD, AP3S2, KCNK16, MAEA, LPP, WFS1, and TMPRSS6 loci. The fasting glucose-raising allele near PDX1, a known key insulin transcription factor, was strongly associated with lower first-phase insulin secretion but has no evidence for an effect on type 2 diabetes risk. The diabetes risk allele at TCF7L2 was associated with a stronger effect on peak insulin response than on C-peptide-based insulin secretion rate, suggesting a possible additional role in hepatic insulin clearance or insulin processing. In summary, our study provides further insight into the mechanisms by which common genetic variation influences type 2 diabetes risk and glycemic traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R Wood
- Genetics of Complex Traits, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Exeter, U.K
| | - Anna Jonsson
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne U Jackson
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
- Diabetes & Obesity Research Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Nienke van Leewen
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Nicholette D Palmer
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Sayuko Kobes
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ
| | - Joris Deelen
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lorena Boquete-Vilarino
- Genetics of Complex Traits, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Exeter, U.K
| | - Jussi Paananen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Alena Stančáková
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Dorret I Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Eco J C de Geus
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth M W Eekhoff
- Diabetes Center, Internal Medicine Unit, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Andreas Fritsche
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Angiology, Nephrology and Clinical Chemistry, Department of Internal Medicine IV, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Mark Kramer
- Diabetes Center, Internal Medicine Unit, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Giel Nijpels
- EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Department of General Practice, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Annemarie Simonis-Bik
- Diabetes Center, Internal Medicine Unit, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Timon W van Haeften
- Department of Internal Medicine, Utrecht University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Anubha Mahajan
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
| | - Michael Boehnke
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Richard N Bergman
- Diabetes & Obesity Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Jaakko Tuomilehto
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Preventive Medicine, Danube University Krems, Krems, Austria
- Saudi Diabetes Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Francis S Collins
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Karen L Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Karina Banasik
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christopher J Groves
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
| | - Mark I McCarthy
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
- Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, National Institute for Health Research, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, U.K
| | | | - Andrea Natali
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Mari
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council, Padova, Italy
| | - Thomas A Buchanan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
- Diabetes & Obesity Research Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Kent D Taylor
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Anny H Xiang
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA
| | - Anette P Gjesing
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels Grarup
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hans Eiberg
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Oluf Pedersen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Yii-Derr Chen
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
| | - Markku Laakso
- Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jill M Norris
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO
| | - Ulf Smith
- Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Leslie Baier
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ
| | - Donald W Bowden
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Torben Hansen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mark Walker
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, U.K.
| | - Richard M Watanabe
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
- Diabetes & Obesity Research Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Leen M 't Hart
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Section of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Robert L Hanson
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ
| | - Timothy M Frayling
- Genetics of Complex Traits, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Exeter, U.K.
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Nikitin AG, Potapov VY, Brovkina OI, Koksharova EO, Khodyrev DS, Philippov YI, Michurova MS, Shamkhalova MS, Vikulova OK, Smetanina SA, Suplotova LA, Kononenko IV, Kalashnikov VY, Smirnova OM, Mayorov AY, Nosikov VV, Averyanov AV, Shestakova MV. Association of polymorphic markers of genes FTO, KCNJ11, CDKAL1, SLC30A8, and CDKN2B with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Russian population. PeerJ 2017; 5:e3414. [PMID: 28717589 PMCID: PMC5511504 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The association of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with the KCNJ11, CDKAL1, SLC30A8, CDKN2B, and FTO genes in the Russian population has not been well studied. In this study, we analysed the population frequencies of polymorphic markers of these genes. Methods The study included 862 patients with T2DM and 443 control subjects of Russian origin. All subjects were genotyped for 10 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the genes using real-time PCR (TaqMan assays). HOMA-IR and HOMA-β were used to measure insulin resistance and β-cell secretory function, respectively. Results The analysis of the frequency distribution of polymorphic markers for genes KCNJ11, CDKAL1, SLC30A8 and CDKN2B showed statistically significant associations with T2DM in the Russian population. The association between the FTO gene and T2DM was not statistically significant. The polymorphic markers rs5219 of the KCNJ11 gene, rs13266634 of the SLC30A8 gene, rs10811661 of the CDKN2B gene and rs9465871, rs7756992 and rs10946398 of the CDKAL1 gene showed a significant association with impaired glucose metabolism or impaired β-cell function. Conclusion In the Russian population, genes, which affect insulin synthesis and secretion in the β-cells of the pancreas, play a central role in the development of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksey G Nikitin
- Federal Research Clinical Center for Specialized Types of Health Care and Medical Technologies of Federal Medical and Biology Agency, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Viktor Y Potapov
- Clinic of New Medical Technologies "Archimedes", Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Olga I Brovkina
- Federal Research Clinical Center for Specialized Types of Health Care and Medical Technologies of Federal Medical and Biology Agency, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | - Dmitry S Khodyrev
- Federal Research Clinical Center for Specialized Types of Health Care and Medical Technologies of Federal Medical and Biology Agency, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | | | | | - Olga K Vikulova
- Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow, Russian Federation.,I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | | | - Irina V Kononenko
- Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow, Russian Federation.,I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | - Olga M Smirnova
- Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow, Russian Federation.,I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander Y Mayorov
- Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow, Russian Federation.,I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Valery V Nosikov
- State Research Institute of Genetics and Selection of Industrial Microorganisms, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander V Averyanov
- Federal Research Clinical Center for Specialized Types of Health Care and Medical Technologies of Federal Medical and Biology Agency, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Marina V Shestakova
- Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow, Russian Federation.,I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
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Røder ME. Hyperproinsulinemia in obesity and in type 2 diabetes and its relation to cardiovascular disease. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2017; 12:227-239. [PMID: 30058886 DOI: 10.1080/17446651.2017.1331735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Disproportionately elevated fasting levels of proinsulin immunoreactive material (PIM)relative to insulin immunoreactivity (IRI) are a well-established abnormality in type 2 diabetes. Thesignificance of this abnormality has been investigated and discussed in several studies. Areas covered: The present review focuses on the role of proinsulin and its conversion intermediates inthe development of type 2 diabetes, obesity and insulin resistance, and the potential role as a marker ofcardiovascular risk, including the most important studies in this field. Expert commentary: The composition of plasma PIM is heterogeneous comprising des(31,32)-proinsulin,intact proinsulin and small amounts of des(64,65)-proinsulin. Disproportionate hyperproinsulinemiaseems to occur early in the development and before the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes, and seemsassociated to disease progression. Obesity and insulin resistance does not influence fasting PIM/IRI levels in type 2 diabetes. Fasting PIM/IRI levels in type 2 diabetes are closely associated with the degree of impairment in insulin secretory capacity. Different type 2 diabetes alleles have been described associated with elevated PIM/IRI levels. Recent data suggests that proinsulin and its conversion intermediates may have a role as markers of increased risk of cardiovascular disease in glucose intolerance and type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael E Røder
- a Center for Diabetes Research , Gentofte Hospital , Hellerup , Denmark
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38
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El-Husseiny AA, Gamal El-Din AM, Mariee AD, Mohamed RR, Ibrahiem AH. Association of CDKAL1 gene rs7756992 A/G polymorphism with type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic nephropathy in the Egyptian population. GENE REPORTS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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39
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Ung C, Sanchez AV, Shen L, Davoudi S, Ahmadi T, Navarro-Gomez D, Chen CJ, Hancock H, Penman A, Hoadley S, Consugar M, Restrepo C, Shah VA, Arboleda-Velasquez JF, Sobrin L, Gai X, Kim LA. Whole exome sequencing identification of novel candidate genes in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Vision Res 2017; 139:168-176. [PMID: 28431867 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Rare or novel gene variants in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy may contribute to disease development. We performed whole exome sequencing (WES) on patients at the phenotypic extremes of diabetic retinal complications: 57 patients diagnosed with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) as cases and 13 patients with no diabetic retinopathy despite at least 10years of type 2 diabetes as controls. Thirty-one out of the 57 cases and all 13 controls were from the African American Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy Study (AA). The rest of the cases were of mixed ethnicities (ME). WES identified 721 candidate genes with rare or novel non-synonymous variants found in at least one case with PDR and not present in any controls. After filtering for genes with null alleles in greater than two cases, 28 candidate genes were identified in our ME cases and 16 genes were identified in our AA cases. Our analysis showed rare and novel variants within these genes that could contribute to the development of PDR, including rare non-synonymous variants in FAM132A, SLC5A9, ZNF600, and TMEM217. We also found previously unidentified variants in VEGFB and APOB. We found that VEGFB, VPS13B, PHF21A, NAT1, ZNF600, PKHD1L1 expression was reduced in human retinal endothelial cells (HRECs) cultured under high glucose conditions. In an exome sequence analysis of patients with PDR, we identified variants in genes that could contribute to pathogenesis. Six of these genes were further validated and found to have reduced expression in HRECs under high glucose conditions, suggestive of an important role in the development of PDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Ung
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Angie V Sanchez
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lishuang Shen
- Center for Personalized Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Samaneh Davoudi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tina Ahmadi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel Navarro-Gomez
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ching J Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Heather Hancock
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Alan Penman
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Suzanne Hoadley
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Mark Consugar
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Carlos Restrepo
- Basic Science Group, School of Medicine, CES University, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Vinay A Shah
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dean McGee Eye Institute, University of Oklahoma, OK, USA
| | - Joseph F Arboleda-Velasquez
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Lucia Sobrin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Xiaowu Gai
- Center for Personalized Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Leo A Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Florez JC. Pharmacogenetics in type 2 diabetes: precision medicine or discovery tool? Diabetologia 2017; 60:800-807. [PMID: 28283684 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-017-4227-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, technological and analytical advances have led to an explosion in the discovery of genetic loci associated with type 2 diabetes. However, their ability to improve prediction of disease outcomes beyond standard clinical risk factors has been limited. On the other hand, genetic effects on drug response may be stronger than those commonly seen for disease incidence. Pharmacogenetic findings may aid in identifying new drug targets, elucidate pathophysiology, unravel disease heterogeneity, help prioritise specific genes in regions of genetic association, and contribute to personalised or precision treatment. In diabetes, precedent for the successful application of pharmacogenetic concepts exists in its monogenic subtypes, such as MODY or neonatal diabetes. Whether similar insights will emerge for the much more common entity of type 2 diabetes remains to be seen. As genetic approaches advance, the progressive deployment of candidate gene, large-scale genotyping and genome-wide association studies has begun to produce suggestive results that may transform clinical practice. However, many barriers to the translation of diabetes pharmacogenetic discoveries to the clinic still remain. This perspective offers a contemporary overview of the field with a focus on sulfonylureas and metformin, identifies the major uses of pharmacogenetics, and highlights potential limitations and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose C Florez
- Diabetes Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Simches Research Building-CPZN 5.250, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
- Metabolism Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Jung SY, Sobel EM, Papp JC, Zhang ZF. Effect of genetic variants and traits related to glucose metabolism and their interaction with obesity on breast and colorectal cancer risk among postmenopausal women. BMC Cancer 2017; 17:290. [PMID: 28446149 PMCID: PMC5405540 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3284-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impaired glucose metabolism-related genetic variants and traits likely interact with obesity and related lifestyle factors, influencing postmenopausal breast and colorectal cancer (CRC), but their interconnected pathways are not fully understood. By stratifying via obesity and lifestyles, we partitioned the total effect of glucose metabolism genetic variants on cancer risk into two putative mechanisms: 1) indirect (risk-associated glucose metabolism genetic variants mediated by glucose metabolism traits) and 2) direct (risk-associated glucose metabolism genetic variants through pathways other than glucose metabolism traits) effects. METHOD Using 16 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with glucose metabolism and data from 5379 postmenopausal women in the Women's Health Initiative Harmonized and Imputed Genome-Wide Association Studies, we retrospectively assessed the indirect and direct effects of glucose metabolism-traits (fasting glucose, insulin, and homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance [HOMA-IR]) using two quantitative tests. RESULTS Several SNPs were associated with breast cancer and CRC risk, and these SNP-cancer associations differed between non-obese and obese women. In both strata, the direct effect of cancer risk associated with the SNP accounted for the majority of the total effect for most SNPs, with roughly 10% of cancer risk due to the SNP that was from an indirect effect mediated by glucose metabolism traits. No apparent differences in the indirect (glucose metabolism-mediated) effects were seen between non-obese and obese women. It is notable that among obese women, 50% of cancer risk was mediated via glucose metabolism trait, owing to two SNPs: in breast cancer, in relation to GCKR through glucose, and in CRC, in relation to DGKB/TMEM195 through HOMA-IR. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that glucose metabolism genetic variants interact with obesity, resulting in altered cancer risk through pathways other than those mediated by glucose metabolism traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Yon Jung
- Translational Sciences Section, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Nursing, University of California Los Angeles, 700 Tiverton Ave, 3-264 Factor Building, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| | - Eric M Sobel
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jeanette C Papp
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Zuo-Feng Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Gerber PA, Rutter GA. The Role of Oxidative Stress and Hypoxia in Pancreatic Beta-Cell Dysfunction in Diabetes Mellitus. Antioxid Redox Signal 2017; 26:501-518. [PMID: 27225690 PMCID: PMC5372767 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2016.6755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 379] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Metabolic syndrome is a frequent precursor of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), a disease that currently affects ∼8% of the adult population worldwide. Pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction and loss are central to the disease process, although understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms is still fragmentary. Recent Advances: Oversupply of nutrients, including glucose and fatty acids, and the subsequent overstimulation of beta cells, are believed to be an important contributor to insulin secretory failure in T2D. Hypoxia has also recently been implicated in beta-cell damage. Accumulating evidence points to a role for oxidative stress in both processes. Although the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) results from enhanced mitochondrial respiration during stimulation with glucose and other fuels, the expression of antioxidant defense genes is unusually low (or disallowed) in beta cells. CRITICAL ISSUES Not all subjects with metabolic syndrome and hyperglycemia go on to develop full-blown diabetes, implying an important role in disease risk for gene-environment interactions. Possession of common risk alleles at the SLC30A8 locus, encoding the beta-cell granule zinc transporter ZnT8, may affect cytosolic Zn2+ concentrations and thus susceptibility to hypoxia and oxidative stress. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Loss of normal beta-cell function, rather than total mass, is increasingly considered to be the major driver for impaired insulin secretion in diabetes. Better understanding of the role of oxidative changes, its modulation by genes involved in disease risk, and effects on beta-cell identity may facilitate the development of new therapeutic strategies to this disease. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 26, 501-518.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp A. Gerber
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Guy A. Rutter
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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Syring KE, Boortz KA, Oeser JK, Ustione A, Platt KA, Shadoan MK, McGuinness OP, Piston DW, Powell DR, O'Brien RM. Combined Deletion of Slc30a7 and Slc30a8 Unmasks a Critical Role for ZnT8 in Glucose-Stimulated Insulin Secretion. Endocrinology 2016; 157:4534-4541. [PMID: 27754787 PMCID: PMC5133349 DOI: 10.1210/en.2016-1573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Polymorphisms in the SLC30A8 gene, which encodes the ZnT8 zinc transporter, are associated with altered susceptibility to type 2 diabetes (T2D), and SLC30A8 haploinsufficiency is protective against the development of T2D in obese humans. SLC30A8 is predominantly expressed in pancreatic islet β-cells, but surprisingly, multiple knockout mouse studies have shown little effect of Slc30a8 deletion on glucose tolerance or glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). Multiple other Slc30a isoforms are expressed at low levels in pancreatic islets. We hypothesized that functional compensation by the Slc30a7 isoform, which encodes ZnT7, limits the impact of Slc30a8 deletion on islet function. We therefore analyzed the effect of Slc30a7 deletion alone or in combination with Slc30a8 on in vivo glucose metabolism and GSIS in isolated islets. Deletion of Slc30a7 alone had complex effects in vivo, impairing glucose tolerance and reducing the glucose-stimulated increase in plasma insulin levels, hepatic glycogen levels, and pancreatic insulin content. Slc30a7 deletion also affected islet morphology and increased the ratio of islet α- to β-cells. However, deletion of Slc30a7 alone had no effect on GSIS in isolated islets, whereas combined deletion of Slc30a7 and Slc30a8 abolished GSIS. These data demonstrate that the function of ZnT8 in islets can be unmasked by removal of ZnT7 and imply that ZnT8 may affect T2D susceptibility through actions in other tissues where it is expressed at low levels rather than through effects on pancreatic islet function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen E Syring
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (K.E.S., K.A.B., J.K.O., O.P.M., R.M.O.), Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, Tennessee 37232; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology (A.U., D.W.P.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110; and Lexicon Pharmaceuticals Incorporated (K.A.P., M.K.S., D.R.P.), The Woodlands, Texas 77381
| | - Kayla A Boortz
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (K.E.S., K.A.B., J.K.O., O.P.M., R.M.O.), Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, Tennessee 37232; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology (A.U., D.W.P.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110; and Lexicon Pharmaceuticals Incorporated (K.A.P., M.K.S., D.R.P.), The Woodlands, Texas 77381
| | - James K Oeser
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (K.E.S., K.A.B., J.K.O., O.P.M., R.M.O.), Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, Tennessee 37232; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology (A.U., D.W.P.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110; and Lexicon Pharmaceuticals Incorporated (K.A.P., M.K.S., D.R.P.), The Woodlands, Texas 77381
| | - Alessandro Ustione
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (K.E.S., K.A.B., J.K.O., O.P.M., R.M.O.), Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, Tennessee 37232; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology (A.U., D.W.P.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110; and Lexicon Pharmaceuticals Incorporated (K.A.P., M.K.S., D.R.P.), The Woodlands, Texas 77381
| | - Kenneth A Platt
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (K.E.S., K.A.B., J.K.O., O.P.M., R.M.O.), Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, Tennessee 37232; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology (A.U., D.W.P.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110; and Lexicon Pharmaceuticals Incorporated (K.A.P., M.K.S., D.R.P.), The Woodlands, Texas 77381
| | - Melanie K Shadoan
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (K.E.S., K.A.B., J.K.O., O.P.M., R.M.O.), Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, Tennessee 37232; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology (A.U., D.W.P.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110; and Lexicon Pharmaceuticals Incorporated (K.A.P., M.K.S., D.R.P.), The Woodlands, Texas 77381
| | - Owen P McGuinness
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (K.E.S., K.A.B., J.K.O., O.P.M., R.M.O.), Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, Tennessee 37232; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology (A.U., D.W.P.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110; and Lexicon Pharmaceuticals Incorporated (K.A.P., M.K.S., D.R.P.), The Woodlands, Texas 77381
| | - David W Piston
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (K.E.S., K.A.B., J.K.O., O.P.M., R.M.O.), Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, Tennessee 37232; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology (A.U., D.W.P.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110; and Lexicon Pharmaceuticals Incorporated (K.A.P., M.K.S., D.R.P.), The Woodlands, Texas 77381
| | - David R Powell
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (K.E.S., K.A.B., J.K.O., O.P.M., R.M.O.), Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, Tennessee 37232; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology (A.U., D.W.P.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110; and Lexicon Pharmaceuticals Incorporated (K.A.P., M.K.S., D.R.P.), The Woodlands, Texas 77381
| | - Richard M O'Brien
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (K.E.S., K.A.B., J.K.O., O.P.M., R.M.O.), Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, Tennessee 37232; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology (A.U., D.W.P.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110; and Lexicon Pharmaceuticals Incorporated (K.A.P., M.K.S., D.R.P.), The Woodlands, Texas 77381
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Chabosseau P, Rutter GA. Zinc and diabetes. Arch Biochem Biophys 2016; 611:79-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2016.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The spectrum of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) describes disease conditions deteriorating from nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) to cirrhosis (CIR) to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). From a molecular and biochemical perspective, our understanding of the etiology of this disease is limited by the broad spectrum of disease presentations, the lack of a thorough understanding of the factors contributing to disease susceptibility, and ethical concerns related to repeat sampling of the liver. To better understand the factors associated with disease progression, we investigated by next-generation RNA sequencing the altered expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) in liver biopsies of class III obese subjects (body mass index ≥40 kg/m(2)) biopsied at the time of elective bariatric surgery. METHODS Clinical characteristics and unbiased RNA expression profiles for 233 miRs, 313 transfer RNAs (tRNAs), and 392 miscellaneous small RNAs (snoRNAs, snRNAs, rRNAs) were compared among 36 liver biopsy specimens stratified by disease severity. RESULTS The abundances of 3 miRNAs that were found to be differentially regulated (miR-301a-3p and miR-34a-5p increased and miR-375 decreased) with disease progression were validated by RT-PCR. No tRNAs or miscellaneous RNAs were found to be associated with disease severity. Similar patterns of increased miR-301a and decreased miR-375 expression were observed in 134 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) samples deposited in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). CONCLUSIONS Our analytical results suggest that NAFLD severity is associated with a specific pattern of altered hepatic microRNA expression that may drive the hallmark of this disorder: altered lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. The three identified miRNAs can potentially be used as biomarkers to access the severity of NAFLD. The persistence of this miRNA expression pattern in an external validation cohort of HCC samples suggests that specific microRNA expression patterns may permit and/or sustain NAFLD development to HCC.
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Dereke J, Palmqvist S, Nilsson C, Landin-Olsson M, Hillman M. The prevalence and predictive value of the SLC30A8 R325W polymorphism and zinc transporter 8 autoantibodies in the development of GDM and postpartum type 1 diabetes. Endocrine 2016; 53:740-6. [PMID: 27003436 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-016-0932-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The objectives were to evaluate possible associations between the SLC30A8 R325W polymorphism and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) as well as postpartum development of type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, we wanted to confirm the prevalence of zinc transporter 8 autoantibodies (ZnT8A), as previously reported, in a larger population and study its predictive value in relation to other β cell specific autoantibodies in postpartum development of type 1 diabetes. Women diagnosed with GDM (n = 776) and women without diabetes (n = 511) were included in the study. Autoantibodies were analyzed in all women using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. DNA was extracted when possible from women with GDM (n = 536) and all of the controls. R325W was detected through polymerase chain reaction and specific restriction digestion. The R325W C-allele were more frequent in women with GDM compared to in controls (OR 1.47, 95 % CI 1.16-1.88, p = 0.0018) but not significantly increased in women with GDM and postpartum development of type 2 diabetes. Autoantibodies were found in 6.8 % (53/776) of the women with GDM and approximately 3.2 % (25/776) were ZnT8A positive. Approximately 19 % (10/53) of the autoantibody positive women with GDM developed postpartum type 1 diabetes. In conclusion, this is the first study to report a significant association between the R325W C-allele and increased risk of developing GDM. All of the autoantibody positive women with GDM who developed postpartum type 1 diabetes were positive for autoantibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADA). Thus ZnT8A did not have any additional predictive value in postpartum development of type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonatan Dereke
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes Research Laboratory, Lund University, B11, BMC, 221 84, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Sanna Palmqvist
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes Research Laboratory, Lund University, B11, BMC, 221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Charlotta Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes Research Laboratory, Lund University, B11, BMC, 221 84, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Pediatrics, Helsingborg Hospital, Helsingborg, Sweden
| | - Mona Landin-Olsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes Research Laboratory, Lund University, B11, BMC, 221 84, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Magnus Hillman
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes Research Laboratory, Lund University, B11, BMC, 221 84, Lund, Sweden
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47
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Abstract
This article describes phenotypes observed in a prediabetic population (i.e. a population with increased risk for type 2 diabetes) from data collected at the University hospital of Tübingen. We discuss the impact of genetic variation on insulin secretion, in particular the effect on compensatory hypersecretion, and the incretin-resistant phenotype of carriers of the gene variant TCF7L2 is described. Imaging studies used to characterise subphenotypes of fat distribution, metabolically healthy obesity and metabolically unhealthy obesity are described. Also discussed are ectopic fat stores in liver and pancreas that determine the phenotype of metabolically healthy and unhealthy fatty liver and the recently recognised phenotype of fatty pancreas. The metabolic impact of perivascular adipose tissue and pancreatic fat is discussed. The role of hepatokines, particularly that of fetuin-A, in the crosstalk between these organs is described. Finally, the role of brain insulin resistance in the development of the different prediabetes phenotypes is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans-Ulrich Häring
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Angiology, Nephrology and Clinical Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Str. 10, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
- Institute of Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases (IDM), University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.
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48
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Kong Y, Sharma RB, Nwosu BU, Alonso LC. Islet biology, the CDKN2A/B locus and type 2 diabetes risk. Diabetologia 2016; 59:1579-93. [PMID: 27155872 PMCID: PMC4930689 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-016-3967-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes, fuelled by the obesity epidemic, is an escalating worldwide cause of personal hardship and public cost. Diabetes incidence increases with age, and many studies link the classic senescence and ageing protein p16(INK4A) to diabetes pathophysiology via pancreatic islet biology. Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have unequivocally linked the CDKN2A/B locus, which encodes p16 inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase (p16(INK4A)) and three other gene products, p14 alternate reading frame (p14(ARF)), p15(INK4B) and antisense non-coding RNA in the INK4 locus (ANRIL), with human diabetes risk. However, the mechanism by which the CDKN2A/B locus influences diabetes risk remains uncertain. Here, we weigh the evidence that CDKN2A/B polymorphisms impact metabolic health via islet biology vs effects in other tissues. Structured in a bedside-to-bench-to-bedside approach, we begin with a summary of the evidence that the CDKN2A/B locus impacts diabetes risk and a brief review of the basic biology of CDKN2A/B gene products. The main emphasis of this work is an in-depth look at the nuanced roles that CDKN2A/B gene products and related proteins play in the regulation of beta cell mass, proliferation and insulin secretory function, as well as roles in other metabolic tissues. We finish with a synthesis of basic biology and clinical observations, incorporating human physiology data. We conclude that it is likely that the CDKN2A/B locus influences diabetes risk through both islet and non-islet mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Kong
- AS7-2047, Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Rohit B Sharma
- AS7-2047, Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Benjamin U Nwosu
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Laura C Alonso
- AS7-2047, Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA.
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49
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Jung SY, Sobel EM, Papp JC, Crandall CJ, Fu AN, Zhang ZF. Obesity and associated lifestyles modify the effect of glucose metabolism-related genetic variants on impaired glucose homeostasis among postmenopausal women. Genet Epidemiol 2016; 40:520-30. [PMID: 27377425 DOI: 10.1002/gepi.21991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Impaired glucose metabolism-related genetic variants likely interact with obesity-modifiable factors in response to glucose intolerance, yet their interconnected pathways have not been fully characterized. METHODS With data from 1,027 postmenopausal participants of the Genomics and Randomized Trials Network study and 15 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with glucose homeostasis, we assessed whether obesity, physical activity, and high dietary fat intake interact with the SNP-glucose variations. We used regression analysis plus stratification and graphic approaches. RESULTS Across carriers of the 15 SNPs, fasting levels of glucose, insulin, and homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were higher in obese, inactive, and high fat-diet women than in their respective counterparts. Carriers within subgroups differently demonstrated the direction and/or magnitude of the variants' effect on glucose-relevant traits. Variants in GCKR, GCK, DGKB/TMEM195 (P for interactions = 0.02, 0.02, and 0.01), especially, showed interactions with obesity: obese, inactive, and high fat-diet women had greater increases in fasting glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR levels. Obese carriers at TCF7L2 variant had greater increases in fasting glucose levels than nonobese carriers (P for interaction = 0.04), whereas active women had greater decreases in insulin and HOMA-IR levels than inactive women (P for interaction = 0.02 in both levels). CONCLUSIONS Our data support the important role of obesity in modifying glucose homeostasis in response to glucose metabolism-relevant variants. These findings may inform research on the role of glucose homeostasis in the etiology of chronic disease and the development of intervention strategies to reduce risk in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Yon Jung
- Translational Sciences Section, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Eric M Sobel
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Jeanette C Papp
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Carolyn J Crandall
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Alan N Fu
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Zuo-Feng Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
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50
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Fichna M, Rogowicz-Frontczak A, Żurawek M, Fichna P, Gryczyńska M, Zozulińska-Ziółkiewicz D, Ruchała M. Positive autoantibodies to ZnT8 indicate elevated risk for additional autoimmune conditions in patients with Addison's disease. Endocrine 2016; 53:249-57. [PMID: 26972575 PMCID: PMC4901090 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-016-0916-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Autoimmune Addison's disease (AAD) associates with exceptional susceptibility to develop other autoimmune conditions, including type 1 diabetes (T1D), marked by positive serum autoantibodies to insulin (IAA), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADA) and insulinoma-associated protein 2 (IA-2A). Zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8) is a new T1D autoantigen, encoded by the SLC30A8 gene. Its polymorphic variant rs13266634C/T seems associated with the occurrence of serum ZnT8 antibodies (ZnT8A). This study was designed to determine the prevalence of serum ZnT8A and their clinical implication in 140 AAD patients. Other beta cell and thyroid-specific autoantibodies were also investigated, and ZnT8A results were confronted with the rs13266634 genotype. ZnT8A were detectable in 8.5 %, GADA in 20.7 %, IA-2A in 5.7 %, IAA in 1.6 % and various anti-thyroid antibodies in 7.1-67.8 % individuals. Type 1 diabetes was found in 10 % AAD patients. ZnT8A were positive in 57.1 % of T1D patients and 3.4 % non-diabetic AAD. Analysis of ZnT8A enabled to identify autoimmunity in two (14.3 %) T1D individuals previously classified as autoantibody-negative. ZnT8A-positive patients revealed significantly higher number of autoimmune conditions (p < 0.001), increased prevalence of T1D (p < 0.001) and other beta cell-specific autoantibodies. Carriers of the rs13266634 T-allele displayed increased frequency (p = 0.006) and higher titres of ZnT8A (p = 0.002). Our study demonstrates high incidence of ZnT8A in AAD patients. ZnT8A are associated with coexisting T1D and predictive of T1D in non-diabetic subjects. Moreover, positive ZnT8A in AAD indicate elevated risk for additional autoimmune conditions. Autoantibodies to beta cell antigens, comprising ZnT8, could be included in routine screening panels in AAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Fichna
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 49 Przybyszewskiego, 60-355, Poznan, Poland.
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Anita Rogowicz-Frontczak
- Department of Internal Medicine and Diabetology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Magdalena Żurawek
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Piotr Fichna
- Department of Paediatric Diabetes and Obesity, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Maria Gryczyńska
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 49 Przybyszewskiego, 60-355, Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Marek Ruchała
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 49 Przybyszewskiego, 60-355, Poznan, Poland
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