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Wohlfahrt J, Verma N, Alsaleh R, Kersch C, Schmitz-Spanke S. A pilot study exploring time- and dose-dependent DNA damage and chromosomal instability caused by benzo[a]pyrene in two urothelial cell types. Mutat Res 2024; 828:111855. [PMID: 38569440 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2024.111855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Environmental and occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is associated with adverse health effects in humans. Uncertainty exists regarding the causation of urinary bladder cancer by benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) due to a lack of sufficient data. In this work, we focused on in-vitro DNA damage and the formation of micronuclei and chromosomal aberrations as predictors of cancer risk, applying a wide range of dosages and time periods to quantify the onset, intensity, and duration of the response. We chose two urothelial cell types to compare susceptibility and the ability to increase the malignity of a pre-existing bladder cancer: a cancer cell line (T24) and a pooled sample of primary urinary bladder epithelia cells (PUBEC) from pigs. The highest level of DNA damage assessed by comet assay was observed following 24-h treatment in both cell types, whereas PUBEC cells were clearly more susceptible. Even 4-h treatment induced DNA damage in PUBEC cells with benchmark doses of 0.0027 µM B[a]P and 0.00023 µM after 4-h and 24-h exposure, respectively. Nearly no effect was observed for periods of 48 h. The frequency of micronucleus formation increased more markedly in T24 cells, particularly with 24-h treatment. In PUBEC cells, 48-h exposure notably induced the formation of nucleoplasmic bridges and nuclear buds. Even though only one biological replicate was studied due to the sophisticated study design, our results give a strong indication of the potential of B[a]P to induce and increase malignity in human-relevant cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Wohlfahrt
- Institute and Outpatient Clinic of Occupational, Social, and Environmental Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestr. 9-11, Erlangen 91054, Germany
| | - Nisha Verma
- Institute and Outpatient Clinic of Occupational, Social, and Environmental Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestr. 9-11, Erlangen 91054, Germany
| | - Rasha Alsaleh
- Institute and Outpatient Clinic of Occupational, Social, and Environmental Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestr. 9-11, Erlangen 91054, Germany
| | - Christian Kersch
- Institute and Outpatient Clinic of Occupational, Social, and Environmental Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestr. 9-11, Erlangen 91054, Germany
| | - Simone Schmitz-Spanke
- Institute and Outpatient Clinic of Occupational, Social, and Environmental Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestr. 9-11, Erlangen 91054, Germany.
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Elsheikh AM, M Roshdy T, Hassan SA, A Hussein M, M Fayed A. Resveratrol: A Potential Protector Against Benzo[a]pyrene- Induced Lung Toxicity. Pak J Biol Sci 2022; 25:78-89. [PMID: 35001578 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2022.78.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
<b>Background and Objective:</b> Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), a major component of lipophilic pollutants then can be translated to diffluent substances. The aim of t he present article was to investigate protective activity of resveratrol against lung toxicity induced by B[a]P. Material and Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to 6 groups (6 animals/group): 3 negative control groups, control positive, B[a]P (20 mg kg<sup></sup><sup>1</sup> b.wt., resveratrol (50 mg kg<sup></sup><sup>1</sup> b.wt.)-B[a]P and vitamin C (1 g kg<sup></sup><sup>1</sup> b.wt.)-B[a]P groups. <b>Results:</b> The daily oral administration of the resveratrol (50 mg kg<sup></sup><sup>1</sup> b.wt.) and vitamin C (1 g kg<sup></sup><sup>1</sup> b.wt.) for 30 days to rats treated with B[a]P (20 mg kg<sup></sup><sup>1</sup> b.wt.) resulted in a significant improve plasma cholesterol, triglyceride and HDL-C as well as serum TNF-α, TBARS, IL-2,IL-6, haptoglobin, histamine, IgA, Ig E,Ig G and Ig M in B[a]P treated rats. On the other hand oral administration of resveratrol elevated the SOD, GPx and GR gene expression in lung rats treated with B[a]P. Furthermore, resveratrol and vitamin C nearly normalized these effects in lung histoarchitecture. <b>Conclusion:</b> The obtained biochemical, molecular biology and histological results of this study proved the lung protective activity of resveratrol against B[a]P induced lung toxicity in rats.
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Allah A Fawzy M, Allah A Mohamed M, Rashad RR, Elgendy YA, Abdelazeem HE, Rabea MZ, Andraws ME, Abdo Sewera AM, Ali AM, T Hafez M, Emara AA, A Hussein M. MP-SeNPs; A Promising Cytokines Suppressor in Benzo[a]pyrene-Induced Mammal Tissue Injury in Rats. Pak J Biol Sci 2021; 24:895-904. [PMID: 34486357 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2021.895.904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
<b>Background and Objective:</b> <i>Moringa peregrina</i> (family Moringaceae) is a common flowering plant found in the Arabian Peninsula, Horn of Africa and Southern Sinai, Egypt. The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective activity of MP-SeNPs against BaP-induced mammal tissue injury in rats. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> MP-SeNPs were prepared and characterized in terms of particle size and zeta potential. Furthermore, the IC<sub>50</sub> of MP-SeNPs against the Mcf7 breast carcinoma cell line and LD<sub>50</sub> was evaluated. Adult albino rats weighing approximately 187±10 g was used to assess the lung protective activity of MP-SeNPs (28.7 and 71.75 mg kg<sup>1</sup> b.wt.) against BaP-induced mammal tissue injury in rats. <b>Results:</b> The mean particle size of MP-SeNPs was 134.69±8.24 nm with negative zeta potential of +26.04 with the observed shapes of nano particle was spherical. Also, IC<sub>50</sub> of MP-SeNPs against Mcf7 breast carcinoma cell line = 89.57 μg mL<sup>1</sup> and LD<sub>50</sub> equals and 1435 mg kg<sup>1</sup> b.wt., respectively. The daily oral administration of MP-SeNPs at concentrations of 28.7 and 71.75 mg kg<sup>1</sup> b.wt. for 30 days to rats treated with BaP (20 mg kg<sup>1</sup> b.wt.) resulted in a significant improvement of IL-2, IL-6 and IL-10. Oral administration of MP-SeNPs, on the other hand, increased the levels of SOD, GPx, TNF-α, iNOs and GSH as well as decreased the level of MDA in mammal tissue of BaP-treated rats. Furthermore, MP-SeNPs almost normalized these effects in mammal tissue histoarchitecture and MRI examination. <b>Conclusion:</b> The biochemical, histological and MRI findings incurrent study demonstrated that MP-SeNPs have protective activity against BaP-induced mammal tissue injury in rats.
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Mai Y, Peng S, Li H, Gao Y, Lai Z. NOD-like receptor signaling pathway activation: A potential mechanism underlying negative effects of benzo(α)pyrene on zebrafish. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 240:108935. [PMID: 33161151 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Benzo(α)pyrene (BaP) is one of typical polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in aquatic environments and has been shown to cause toxic effects to aquatic animals. Although the negative effects of BaP have been investigated, the potential toxic mechanisms remain uncharacterized. To explore the potential mechanisms mediating the toxic effects of BaP, zebrafish (Danio rerio) were exposed to BaP for 15 days and the toxic effects of BaP in zebrafish liver were investigated using physiological and transcriptomic analyses. After 15-day BaP exposure, zebrafish liver exhibited abnormalities including increased cytoplasmic vacuolation, inflammatory cell infiltration, swelled nuclei and irregular pigmentation. BaP exposure also induced oxidative stress to the liver of zebrafish. Transcriptomic profiles revealed 5129 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) after 15-days of BaP exposure, and the vast majority of DEGs were up-regulated under BaP treatment. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses suggest that genes related to immune response were significantly dysregulated. Furthermore, the nucleotide-binding, oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor signaling pathway was significantly enriched and most of the genes in this pathway exhibited enhanced expression after BaP exposure. These results partially explained the mechanisms underlying the toxic effects of BaP on zebrafish liver. In conclusion, BaP has the potential to induce physiological responses in zebrafish liver through altering associated genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongzhan Mai
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, People's Republic of China
| | - Songyao Peng
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Li
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, People's Republic of China
| | - Zini Lai
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, People's Republic of China; Fishery Ecological Environment Monitoring Center of Pearl River Basin, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510380, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510380, People's Republic of China.
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Benzo[a]pyrene mediated time- and dose-dependent alteration in cellular metabolism of primary pig bladder cells with emphasis on proline cycling. Arch Toxicol 2019; 93:2593-2602. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-019-02521-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Pink M, Verma N, Zerries A, Schmitz-Spanke S. Dose-Dependent Response to 3-Nitrobenzanthrone Exposure in Human Urothelial Cancer Cells. Chem Res Toxicol 2017; 30:1855-1864. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.7b00174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Pink
- Institute
and Outpatient Clinic of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Schillerstr. 25/29, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Postgraduate
Course for Toxicology and Environmental Toxicology, Institute for
Legal Medicine, University of Leipzig, Johannisallee 28, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nisha Verma
- Institute
and Outpatient Clinic of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Schillerstr. 25/29, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anna Zerries
- Institute
and Outpatient Clinic of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Schillerstr. 25/29, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Simone Schmitz-Spanke
- Institute
and Outpatient Clinic of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Schillerstr. 25/29, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
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Benzo[a]pyrene-induced metabolic shift from glycolysis to pentose phosphate pathway in the human bladder cancer cell line RT4. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9773. [PMID: 28851999 PMCID: PMC5575001 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09936-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), a well-known polyaromatic hydrocarbon, is known for its lung carcinogenicity, however, its role in bladder cancer development is still discussed. Comparative two-dimensional blue native SDS-PAGE analysis of protein complexes isolated from subcellular fractions of 0.5 µM B[a]P-exposed cells indicated a differential regulation of proteins involved in carbohydrate, fatty acid, and nucleotide metabolism, suggesting a possible metabolic flux redistribution. It appeared that B[a]P exposure led to a repression of enzymes (fructose-bisphosphate aldolase A, glucose-6-phosphate isomerase, lactate dehydrogenase) involved in glycolysis, and an up-regulation of proteins (glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconolactonase) catalyzing the pentose phosphate pathway and one carbon metabolism (10-formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase, bifunctional purine biosynthesis protein). Untargeted metabolomics further supported the proteomic data, a lower concentration of glycolytic metabolite was observed as compared to glutamine, xylulose and fatty acids. The analysis of the glutathione and NADPH/NADP+ content of the cells revealed a significant increase of these cofactors. Concomitantly, we did not observe any detectable increase in the production of ROS. With the present work, we shed light on an early phase of the metabolic stress response in which the urothelial cells are capable of counteracting oxidative stress by redirecting the metabolic flux from glycolysis to pentose phosphate pathway.
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Vázquez-Gómez G, Rubio-Lightbourn J, Espinosa-Aguirre JJ. MECANISMOS DE ACCIÓN DEL RECEPTOR DE HIDROCARBUROS DE ARILOS EN EL METABOLISMO DEL BENZO[A]PIRENO Y EL DESARROLLO DE TUMORES. TIP REVISTA ESPECIALIZADA EN CIENCIAS QUÍMICO-BIOLÓGICAS 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.recqb.2016.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Ali R, Trump S, Lehmann I, Hanke T. Live cell imaging of the intracellular compartmentalization of the contaminate benzo[a]pyrene. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2015; 8:361-371. [PMID: 24700684 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201300170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Revised: 12/23/2013] [Accepted: 02/04/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the cellular response of murine hepatoma cells to the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) using two-photon and confocal laser scanning microscopy. The intracellular distribution of B[a]P and the B[a]P/AhR complex was visualized time- and concentration-dependent for up to 48 h of exposure. B[a]P was predominantly found in lipid droplets, endoplasmic reticulum and lysosomes, where B[a]P is collected and forms large aggregates. Changes in mitochondrial membrane potential and bleb formation due to high B[a]P concentrations were observed. The imaging data presented in this study provide new insights into the systemic cellular regulation following B[a]P exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizwan Ali
- Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials and Institute of Materials Science, Technische Universität Dresden, Budapester Str. 27, 01069 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Saskia Trump
- Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Irina Lehmann
- Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thomas Hanke
- Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials and Institute of Materials Science, Technische Universität Dresden, Budapester Str. 27, 01069 Dresden, Germany
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Bolt HM. Causation of human urothelial cancer: there are challenging new data! Arch Toxicol 2014; 88:1769-70. [PMID: 25155193 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-014-1339-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hermann M Bolt
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at the TU Dortmund (IfADo), Ardeystr. 67, 44139, Dortmund, Germany,
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Layeghkhavidaki H, Lanhers MC, Akbar S, Gregory-Pauron L, Oster T, Grova N, Appenzeller B, Jasniewski J, Feidt C, Corbier C, Yen FT. Inhibitory action of benzo[α]pyrene on hepatic lipoprotein receptors in vitro and on liver lipid homeostasis in mice. PLoS One 2014; 9:e102991. [PMID: 25054229 PMCID: PMC4108373 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dyslipidemia associated with obesity often manifests as increased plasma LDL and triglyceride-rich lipoprotein levels suggesting changes in hepatic lipoprotein receptor status. Persistent organic pollutants have been recently postulated to contribute to the obesity etiology by increasing adipogenesis, but little information is available on their potential effect on hepatic lipoprotein metabolism. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of the common environmental pollutant, benzo[α]pyrene (B[α]P) on two lipoprotein receptors, the LDL-receptor and the lipolysis-stimulated lipoprotein receptor (LSR) as well as the ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) using cell and animal models. RESULTS LSR, LDL-receptor as well as ABCA1 protein levels were significantly decreased by 26-48% in Hepa1-6 cells incubated (<2 h) in the presence of B[α]P (≤1 µM). Real-time PCR analysis and lactacystin studies revealed that this effect was due primarily to increased proteasome, and not lysosomal-mediated degradation rather than decreased transcription. Furthermore, ligand blots revealed that lipoproteins exposed to 1 or 5 µM B[α]P displayed markedly decreased (42-86%) binding to LSR or LDL-receptor. B[α]P-treated (0.5 mg/kg/48 h, i.p. 15 days) C57BL/6J mice displayed higher weight gain, associated with significant increases in plasma cholesterol, triglycerides, and liver cholesterol content, and decreased hepatic LDL-receptor and ABCA1 levels. Furthermore, correlational analysis revealed that B[α]P abolished the positive association observed in control mice between the LSR and LDL-receptor. Interestingly, levels of other proteins involved in liver cholesterol metabolism, ATP-binding cassette transporter G1 and scavenger receptor-BI, were decreased, while those of acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase 1 and 2 were increased in B[α]P-treated mice. CONCLUSIONS B[α]P demonstrates inhibitory action on LSR and LDL-R, as well as ABCA1, which we propose leads to modified lipid status in B[α]P-treated mice, thus providing new insight into mechanisms underlying the involvement of pollutants in the disruption of lipid homeostasis, potentially contributing to dyslipidemia associated with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Layeghkhavidaki
- Unité de Recherche Animal et Fonctionnalités des Produits Animaux EA3998, Université de Lorraine, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Institut National de Recherche Agronomique USC 0340, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Marie-Claire Lanhers
- Unité de Recherche Animal et Fonctionnalités des Produits Animaux EA3998, Université de Lorraine, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Institut National de Recherche Agronomique USC 0340, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Samina Akbar
- Unité de Recherche Animal et Fonctionnalités des Produits Animaux EA3998, Université de Lorraine, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Institut National de Recherche Agronomique USC 0340, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Lynn Gregory-Pauron
- Unité de Recherche Animal et Fonctionnalités des Produits Animaux EA3998, Université de Lorraine, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Institut National de Recherche Agronomique USC 0340, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Thierry Oster
- Unité de Recherche Animal et Fonctionnalités des Produits Animaux EA3998, Université de Lorraine, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Institut National de Recherche Agronomique USC 0340, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Nathalie Grova
- Laboratory of Analytical Human Biomonitoring, Centre de Recherche Public de la Santé, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Brice Appenzeller
- Laboratory of Analytical Human Biomonitoring, Centre de Recherche Public de la Santé, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Jordane Jasniewski
- Laboratoire d'Ingenérie des Biomolécules, Université de Lorraine, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Cyril Feidt
- Unité de Recherche Animal et Fonctionnalités des Produits Animaux EA3998, Université de Lorraine, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Institut National de Recherche Agronomique USC 0340, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Catherine Corbier
- Unité de Recherche Animal et Fonctionnalités des Produits Animaux EA3998, Université de Lorraine, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Institut National de Recherche Agronomique USC 0340, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Frances T. Yen
- Unité de Recherche Animal et Fonctionnalités des Produits Animaux EA3998, Université de Lorraine, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Institut National de Recherche Agronomique USC 0340, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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Recent developments in in vitro toxicology: perspectives of European research and Tox21. Arch Toxicol 2014; 87:2043-6. [PMID: 24221536 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-013-1164-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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13
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Genies C, Maître A, Lefèbvre E, Jullien A, Chopard-Lallier M, Douki T. The extreme variety of genotoxic response to benzo[a]pyrene in three different human cell lines from three different organs. PLoS One 2013; 8:e78356. [PMID: 24260113 PMCID: PMC3832631 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0078356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are associated with occupational exposure and urban atmospheric pollution. Determination of the genotoxic properties of these compounds is thus of outmost importance. For this purpose a variety of cellular models have been widely used. Reliable results can however only be obtained with models reflecting the specific sensitivity of different organs towards PAHs. In this work, we compared the response to benzo[a]pyrene in cell lines from human lungs (A549) and bladder (T24); two important target organs for PAHs-induced cancer. Human hepatocytes (HepG2) were used as a reference, although liver is not a concern for PAHs carcinogenesis. Adducts arising from the ultimate diol-epoxide metabolite of B[a]P, BPDE, were found to be produced in a dose-dependent manner in HepG2. BPDE DNA adducts were not detected in T24 and in A549 their formation was found to be most efficient at the lowest concentration studied (0.2 µM). These results are probably explained by differences in induction and activity of phase I metabolization enzymes, as well as by proteins eliminating the B[a]P epoxide in A549. In addition to BPDE adducts, oxidative DNA damage, namely strand breaks and oxidized purines were measured and found to be produced only in minute amounts in all three cell lines. In summary, our results emphasize the large differences in the response of cells originating from different organs. Our data also point out the importance of carefully selecting the doses used in in vitro toxicological experiments. The example of A549 shows that working at high doses may lead to an underestimation of the risk. Finally, the choice of method for evaluating genotoxicity appears to be of crucial importance. The comet assay does not seem to be the best method for a compound like B[a]P which induces stable adducts causing limited oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Genies
- Laboratoire « Lésions des Acides Nucléiques », Université Joseph Fourier – Grenoble 1/CEA/Institut Nanoscience et Cryogénie/SCIB, Grenoble, France
- Equipe EPSP Environnement et Prédiction de la Santé des Populations – laboratoire TIMC (UMR CNRS 5525), CHU de Grenoble, Université Joseph Fourier, UFR de médecine, Domaine de la Merci, La Tronche, France
- Agence de l′environnement et de la Maîtrise de l′Energie 20, Angers, France
| | - Anne Maître
- Equipe EPSP Environnement et Prédiction de la Santé des Populations – laboratoire TIMC (UMR CNRS 5525), CHU de Grenoble, Université Joseph Fourier, UFR de médecine, Domaine de la Merci, La Tronche, France
| | - Emmanuel Lefèbvre
- Equipe EPSP Environnement et Prédiction de la Santé des Populations – laboratoire TIMC (UMR CNRS 5525), CHU de Grenoble, Université Joseph Fourier, UFR de médecine, Domaine de la Merci, La Tronche, France
| | - Amandine Jullien
- Laboratoire « Lésions des Acides Nucléiques », Université Joseph Fourier – Grenoble 1/CEA/Institut Nanoscience et Cryogénie/SCIB, Grenoble, France
| | - Marianne Chopard-Lallier
- Laboratoire « Lésions des Acides Nucléiques », Université Joseph Fourier – Grenoble 1/CEA/Institut Nanoscience et Cryogénie/SCIB, Grenoble, France
| | - Thierry Douki
- Laboratoire « Lésions des Acides Nucléiques », Université Joseph Fourier – Grenoble 1/CEA/Institut Nanoscience et Cryogénie/SCIB, Grenoble, France
- * E-mail:
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Pommergaard HC, Burcharth J, Rosenberg J, Raskov H. Oral chemoprevention with acetyl salicylic Acid, vitamin D and calcium reduces the risk of tobacco carcinogen-induced bladder tumors in mice. Cancer Invest 2013; 31:490-3. [PMID: 23915073 DOI: 10.3109/07357907.2013.820316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Bladder cancer is a common urological malignancy with high recurrence rate, which may be reduced by chemoprevention. The aim was to evaluate chemoprevention in a mouse model of tobacco carcinogen-induced bladder tumors. A total of 60 A/J mice were randomized to normal diet, diet with low calcium, and diet with chemoprevention (acetyl salicylic acid, 1-alpha 25(OH)2-vitamin D3 and calcium). There were significantly fewer tumors (0 (0-0) vs. 0 (0-2), p = .045) and fewer animals with tumors (0/20 vs. 5/20, p = .045) in the chemoprevention group compared with controls. Thus, chemoprevention diet effectively reduced the tumor promoting effect of tobacco carcinogens in the mouse bladder.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Pommergaard
- Department of Surgery, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark.
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Verma N, Pink M, Rettenmeier AW, Schmitz-Spanke S. Benzo[a]pyrene-mediated toxicity in primary pig bladder epithelial cells: A proteomic approach. J Proteomics 2013; 85:53-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2013] [Revised: 03/21/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2013] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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