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Zhang CM, Zhou Q, Li YQ, Li J. Effects of clarithromycin exposure on the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa and the production of algal dissolved organic matter. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 271:106918. [PMID: 38598945 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.106918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Antibiotics are commonly found in the aquatic environment, which can affect microbial community compositions and activities, and even have potential adverse impacts on human and ecosystem health. The current understanding of the effects of antibiotics on microalgae growth and algal dissolved organic matter (DOM) remains indistinct. To understand the toxic effects of antibiotics on the microalgae, Microcystis aeruginosa was exposed to clarithromycin (CLA) in this study. Cell density determination, chlorophyll content determination, and organic spectrum analysis were conducted to show the effect of CLA exposure on the growth, photosynthetic activity, and organic metabolic processes of Microcystis aeruginosa. The findings revealed that the physiological status of algae could be significantly influenced by CLA exposure in aquatic environments. Specifically, exposure to 1 μg/L CLA stimulated the growth and photosynthetic activity of algal cells. Conversely, CLA above 10 μg/L led to the inhibition of algal cell growth and photosynthesis. Notably, the inhibitory effects intensified with the increasing concentration of CLA. The molecular weight of DOM produced by Microcystis aeruginosa increased when exposed to CLA. Under the exposure of 60 μg/L CLA, a large number of algal cells ruptured and died, and the intracellular organic matter was released into the algal liquid. This resulted in an increase in high molecular weight substances and soluble microbial-like products in the DOM. Exposure to 1 and 10 μg/L CLA stimulated Microcystis aeruginosa to produce more humic acid-like substances, which may be a defense mechanism against CLA. The results were useful for assessing the effects of antibiotic pollution on the stability of the microalgae population and endogenous DOM characteristics in aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong-Miao Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China.
| | - Qing Zhou
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Yong-Qiang Li
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Jie Li
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
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2
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Zhang M, Qiu W, Nie R, Xia Q, Zhang D, Pan X. Macronutrient and PFOS bioavailability manipulated by aeration-driven rhizospheric organic nanocapsular assembly. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 253:121334. [PMID: 38382293 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Ubiquitous presence of the extremely persistent pollutants, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, is drawing ever-increasing concerns for their high eco-environmental risks which, however, are insufficiently considered based on the assembly characteristics of those amphiphilic molecules in environment. This study investigated the re-organization and self-assembly of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and macronutrient molecules from rhizospheric organic (RhO) matter induced with a common operation of aeration. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) with infrared spectroscopy (IR)-mapping clearly showed that, after aeration and stabilization, RhO nanocapsules (∼ 1000 nm or smaller) with a core of PFOS-protein complexes coated by "lipid-carbohydrate" layers were observed whereas the capsule structure with a lipid core surrounded by "protein-carbohydrate-protein" multilayers was obtained in the absence of PFOS. It is aeration that exerted the disassociation of pristine RhO components, after which the environmental concentration PFOS restructured the self-assembly structure in a conspicuous "disorder-to-order" transition. AFM IR-mapping analysis of faeces combined with quantification of component uptake denoted the decreased ingestion and utilization of both PFOS and proteins compared with lipids and carbohydrates when Daphnia magna were fed with RhO nanocapsules. RhO nanocapsules acted as double-edged swords via simultaneously impeding the bioaccessibility of hazardous PFOS molecules and macronutrient proteins; and the latter might be more significant, which caused a malnutrition status within merely 48 h. Elucidating the assembly structure of natural organic matter and environmental concentration PFOS, the finding of this work could be a crucial supplementation to the high-dose-dependent eco-effect investigations on PFOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Weifeng Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Rui Nie
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Qiaoyun Xia
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Daoyong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Xiangliang Pan
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
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Zhang M, Yang Y, Mou H, Pan A, Su X, Chen J, Lin H, Sun F. Enhanced methane yield in anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge by combined pretreatment with fungal mash and free nitrous acid. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 385:129441. [PMID: 37399961 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
This study explores a novel approach for enhancing anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge (WAS) through the combined pretreatment of fungal mash and free nitrous acid (FNA). Aspergillus PAD-2, a fungal strain with superior hydrolase secretion, was isolated from WAS and cultivated in-situ on food waste to produce fungal mash. The solubilization of WAS by fungal mash achieved a high soluble chemical oxygen demand release rate of 548 mg L-1 h-1 within first 3 h. The combined pretreatment of fungal mash and FNA further improved the sludge solubilization by 2-fold and resulted in a doubled methane production rate of 416±11 mL CH4 g-1 volatile solids. The Gompertz model analysis revealed a higher maximum specific methane production rate and shortened lag time by the combined pretreatment. These results demonstrate that the combined fungal mash and FNA pretreatment offers a promising alternative for fast anaerobic digestion of WAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Yuwei Yang
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Huaqian Mou
- Jinhua Water Treatment Co. Ltd., Jinhua 321017, China
| | - Aodong Pan
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Xiaomei Su
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Jianrong Chen
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Hongjun Lin
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Faqian Sun
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Technology Research of Zhejiang Province, Eco-environmental Science Research & Design Institute of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310007, China.
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4
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Mannina G, Ni BJ, Makinia J, Harmand J, Alliet M, Brepols C, Ruano MV, Robles A, Heran M, Gulhan H, Rodriguez-Roda I, Comas J. Biological processes modelling for MBR systems: A review of the state-of-the-art focusing on SMP and EPS. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 242:120275. [PMID: 37413746 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
A mathematical correlation between biomass kinetic and membrane fouling can improve the understanding and spread of Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) technology, especially in solving the membrane fouling issues. On this behalf, this paper, produced by the International Water Association (IWA) Task Group on Membrane modelling and control, reviews the current state-of-the-art regarding the modelling of kinetic processes of biomass, focusing on modelling production and utilization of soluble microbial products (SMP) and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). The key findings of this work show that the new conceptual approaches focus on the role of different bacterial groups in the formation and degradation of SMP/EPS. Even though several studies have been published regarding SMP modelling, there still needs to be more information due to the highly complicated SMP nature to facilitate the accurate modelling of membrane fouling. The EPS group has seldom been addressed in the literature, probably due to the knowledge deficiency concerning the triggers for production and degradation pathways in MBR systems, which require further efforts. Finally, the successful model applications showed that proper estimation of SMP and EPS by modelling approaches could optimise membrane fouling, which can influence the MBR energy consumption, operating costs, and greenhouse gas emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Mannina
- Engineering Department, Palermo University, Viale delle Scienze, Ed.8, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Bing-Jie Ni
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Jacek Makinia
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdańsk University of Technology, ul. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | | | - Marion Alliet
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Christoph Brepols
- Erftverband, Wastewater Department, Am Erftverband 6, 50126 Bergheim, Germany
| | - M Victoria Ruano
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Escola Tècnica Superior d'Enginyeria (ETSE-UV), Universitat de València, Avinguda de la Universitat s/n, 46100 Burjassot, València, Spain
| | - Angel Robles
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Escola Tècnica Superior d'Enginyeria (ETSE-UV), Universitat de València, Avinguda de la Universitat s/n, 46100 Burjassot, València, Spain
| | - Marc Heran
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Hazal Gulhan
- Engineering Department, Palermo University, Viale delle Scienze, Ed.8, 90128 Palermo, Italy; Environmental Engineering Department, Civil Engineering Faculty, Istanbul Technical University, Ayazaga Campus, Maslak, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ignasi Rodriguez-Roda
- LEQUiA, Laboratory of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi, 17071 Girona, Spain
| | - Joaquim Comas
- LEQUiA, Laboratory of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi, 17071 Girona, Spain; Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Emili Grahit 101, 17003 Girona, Spain
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Fernández-Domínguez D, Yekta SS, Hedenström M, Patureau D, Jimenez J. Deciphering the contribution of microbial biomass to the properties of dissolved and particulate organic matter in anaerobic digestates. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 877:162882. [PMID: 36934942 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The recalcitrant structures either from substrate or microbial biomass contained in digestates after anaerobic digestion (AD) highly influence digestate valorization. To properly assess the microbial biomass contribution to the digested organic matter (OM), a combination of characterization methods and the use of various substrate types in anaerobic continuous reactors was required. The use of totally biodegradable substrates allowed detecting soluble microbial products via fluorescence spectroscopy at emission wavelengths of 420 and 460 nm while the protein-like signature was enhanced by the whey protein. During reactors' operation, a transfer of complex compounds to the dissolved OM from the particulate OM was observed through fluorescence applied on biochemical fractionation. Consequently, the fluorescence complexity index of the dissolved OM increased from 0.59-0.60 to 1.06-1.07, whereas it decreased inversely for the extractable soluble from the particulate OM from 1.16-1.19 to 0.42-0.54. Accordingly, fluorescence regional integration showed differences among reactors based on visual inspection and orthogonal partial latent structures (OPLS) analysis. Similarly, the impact of the substrate type and operation time on the particulate OM was revealed by 13C nuclear magnetic resonance using OPLS, providing a good model (R2X = 0.93 and Q2 = 0.8) with a clear time-trend. A high signal resonated at ∼30 ppm attributed to CH2-groups in the aliphatic chain of lipid-like structure besides carbohydrates intensities at 60-110 ppm distinguished the reactor fed with whey protein from the other, which was mostly biomass related. Indeed, this latter displayed a higher presence of peptidoglycan (δH/C: 1.6-2.0/20-25 ppm) derived from microbial biomass by 1H-13C heteronuclear single-quantum coherence (HSQC) nuclear magnetic resonance. Interestingly, the sample distribution obtained by non-metric multidimensional scaling of bacterial communities resembled the attained using 13C NMR properties, opening new research perspectives. Overall, this study discloses the microbial biomass contribution to digestates composition to improve the OM transformation mechanism knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sepehr Shakeri Yekta
- Department of Thematic Studies-Environmental Change and Biogas Research Center, Linköping University, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | | | - Dominique Patureau
- INRAE, Univ. Montpellier, LBE, 102 Avenue des étangs, 11100 Narbonne, France
| | - Julie Jimenez
- INRAE, Univ. Montpellier, LBE, 102 Avenue des étangs, 11100 Narbonne, France
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Mohamed Hatta NS, Lau SW, Chua HB, Takeo M, Sen TK, Mubarak NM, Khalid M, Zairin DA. Parametric and kinetic studies of activated sludge dewatering by cationic chitosan-like bioflocculant BF01314 produced from Citrobacter youngae. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 224:115527. [PMID: 36822539 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial strains belonging to Citrobacter spp. were reported to produce polysaccharides consisting of N-acetylglucosamine and glucosamine like chitosan, with high flocculation activity. In this work, the flocculation dewatering performance of activated sludge conditioned by a novel cationic chitosan-like bioflocculant (BF) named BF01314, produced from Citrobacter youngae GTC 01314, was evaluated under the influences of flocculant dosage, pH, and temperature. At BF dosage as low as 0.5 kg/t DS, the sludge dewaterability was significantly enhanced in comparison to the raw (untreated) sludge, featuring well-flocculated characteristic (reduction in CST from 22.0 s to 9.4 s) and good sludge filterability with reduced resistance (reduction in SRF by one order from 7.42 × 1011 to 9.59 × 1010 m/kg) and increased compactness of sludge (increase in CSC from 15.2 to 23.2%). Besides, the BF demonstrated comparable high sludge dewatering performance within the pH range between 2 and 8, and temperature range between 25 °C and 80 °C. Comparison between the BF, the pristine chitosan and the commercial cationic copolymer MF 7861 demonstrated equivalent performance with enhanced dewaterability at the dosage between 2.0 and 3.0 kg/t DS. Besides, the BF demonstrated strong flocculation activity (>99%) when added to the sludge suspension using moderate to high flocculation speeds (100-200 rpm) with at least 3-min mixing time. The BF's reaction in sludge flocculation was best fitted with a pseudo first-order kinetic model. Electrostatic charge patching and polymer bridging mechanisms are believed to be the dominant mechanistic phenomena during the BF's sludge conditioning process (coagulation-flocculation).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Syahirah Mohamed Hatta
- Department of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Curtin University Malaysia, CDT 250, 98009 Miri, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Shiew Wei Lau
- Department of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Curtin University Malaysia, CDT 250, 98009 Miri, Sarawak, Malaysia.
| | - Han Bing Chua
- Department of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Curtin University Malaysia, CDT 250, 98009 Miri, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Masahiro Takeo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Hyogo, 2167 Shosha, Himeji, Hyogo 671-2280, Japan
| | - Tushar Kanti Sen
- Chemical Engineering Department, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nabisab Mujawar Mubarak
- Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Bandar Seri Begawan BE1410, Brunei Darussalam.
| | - Mohammad Khalid
- Graphene and Advanced 2D Materials Research Group (GAMRG), School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, No. 5, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia; Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, 248007 Uttarakhand, India
| | - Danial Aminin Zairin
- Graphene and Advanced 2D Materials Research Group (GAMRG), School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, No. 5, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
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Cao L, Ge R, Xu W, Zhang Y, Li G, Xia X, Zhang F. Simultaneous removal of nitrate, nitrobenzene and aniline from groundwater in a vertical baffled biofilm reactor. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 309:136746. [PMID: 36209853 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The challenge of simultaneous removal of nitrobenzene (NB), aniline (AN) and nitrate from groundwater in a single bioreactor is mainly attributed to the persistence of AN to degradation with anoxic denitrification conditions. In this work, simultaneous removal of NB (100 μM), AN (100 μM) and nitrate (1 mM) was achieved within 8 h with a COD/N ratio of 8 in a vertical baffled biofilm reactor (VBBR). By setting DO concentration at 0.4-0.5 mg L-1 to create a micro-aerobic condition, NB removal rate was accelerated without accumulation of AN, and AN could serve as electron donors for denitrification after ring cleavage. High-throughput sequencing showed that biofilm was predominated by denitrifiers (Luteimonas, Planctomyces, Thiobacillus, Thauera and so on) and NB-degrading bacteria (Pseudomonas), and biodiversity varied vertically along the height of the reactor. A dominantly anaerobic pathway for reducing NB to AN was identified by PICRUSt analysis, as the predicted genes involved in aerobic transformation of NB were several magnitudes lower than those in the anaerobic pathway. This study provided a new insight to the role of oxygen in robust bioremediation groundwater contaminated with NB, AN and nitrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifeng Cao
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, State Environment Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China; National Engineering Laboratory for Site Remediation Technologies (NEL-SRT), Beijing, 100015, PR China
| | - Runlei Ge
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, State Environment Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China
| | - Wenxin Xu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, State Environment Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China
| | - Yongming Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Environmental and Geographical Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Guanghe Li
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, State Environment Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China; National Engineering Laboratory for Site Remediation Technologies (NEL-SRT), Beijing, 100015, PR China
| | - Xue Xia
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Fang Zhang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, State Environment Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China; National Engineering Laboratory for Site Remediation Technologies (NEL-SRT), Beijing, 100015, PR China.
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8
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Deng D, Meng H, Ma Y, Guo Y, Wang Z, He H, Liu JE, Zhang L. Effects of extracellular polymeric substances on the aggregation of Aphanizomenon flos-aquae under increasing temperature. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:971433. [PMID: 36160236 PMCID: PMC9493303 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.971433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Aphanizomenon flos-aquae (A. flos-aquae) blooms are serious environmental and ecological problems. Extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) are among the most important indicators for the growth and aggregation of A. flos-aquae. In this study, the secretion of the EPS matrix under temperature rise (7–37°C) was investigated and the role of this matrix in A. flos-aquae aggregation was quantified. First, when the temperature increased, the aggregation ratio increased from 41.85 to 91.04%. Meanwhile, we found that when soluble EPSs (S-EPSs), loosely bound EPSs (LB-EPSs), and tightly bound EPSs (TB-EPSs) were removed successively, the aggregation ratio decreased from 69.29 to 67.45%, 61.47%, and 41.14%, respectively. Second, the content of polysaccharides in the EPS matrix was higher than the content of proteins under temperature change. The polysaccharide in TB-EPSs was closely related to the aggregation ability of A. flos-aquae (P < 0.01). Third, PARAFAC analysis detected two humic-like substances and one protein-like substance in EPSs. Furthermore, Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed that with increasing temperature, the polysaccharide-related functional groups increased, and the absolute value of the zeta potential decreased. In conclusion, these results indicated that a large number of polysaccharides in TB-EPSs were secreted under increasing temperature, and the polysaccharide-related functional groups increased correspondingly, which reduced the electrostatic repulsion between algal cells, leading to the destruction of the stability of the dispersion system, and then the occurrence of aggregation. This helps us to understand the process of filamentous cyanobacterial aggregation in lakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dailan Deng
- Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-Remediation, Nanjing, China
| | - Han Meng
- Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-Remediation, Nanjing, China
| | - You Ma
- Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-Remediation, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongqi Guo
- Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-Remediation, Nanjing, China
| | - Zixuan Wang
- Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-Remediation, Nanjing, China
| | - Huan He
- Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-Remediation, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin-e Liu
- Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-Remediation, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Jin-e Liu,
| | - Limin Zhang
- Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-Remediation, Nanjing, China
- Green Economy Development Institute, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, China
- Limin Zhang,
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9
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Xia Y, Jiang X, Wang Y, Huang Q, Chen D, Hou C, Mu Y, Shen J. Enhanced anaerobic reduction of nitrobenzene at high salinity by betaine acting as osmoprotectant and regulator of metabolism. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 223:118982. [PMID: 36058098 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic technology is extensively applied in the treatment of industrial organic wastewater, but high salinity always triggers microbial cell dehydration, causing the failure of the anaerobic process. In this work, betaine, one kind of compatible solutes which could balance the osmotic pressure of anaerobic biomass, was exogenously added for enhancing the anaerobic reduction of nitrobenzene (NB) at high salinity. Only 100 mg L-1 betaine dosing could significantly promote the removal efficiency of NB within 35 h at 9% salinity (36.92 ± 4.02% without betaine and 72.94 ± 6.57% with betaine). The relieving effects on salt stress could be observed in the promotion of more extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) secretion with betaine addition. Additionally, the oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), as well as the electron transfer system (ETS) value, was increased with betaine addition, which was reflected in the improvement of system removal efficiency and enzyme activity. Microbial community analysis demonstrated that Bacillus and Clostridiisalibacter which were positively correlated with the stability of the anaerobic process were enriched with betaine addition at high salinity. Metagenomic analysis speculated that the encoding genes for salt tolerance (kdpB/oadA/betA/opuD/epsP/epsH) and NB degradation (nfsA/wrbA/ccdA/menC) obtained higher relative abundance with betaine addition under high salt environment, which might be the key to improving salt tolerance of anaerobic biomass. The long-term assessment demonstrated that exogenous addition betaine played an important role in maintaining the stability of the anaerobic system, which would be a potential strategy to achieve a high-efficiency anaerobic process under high salinity conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Xinbai Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
| | - Yuxuan Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Qian Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Dan Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Cheng Hou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Yang Mu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jinyou Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
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10
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Zhou Y, Anwar MN, Guo B, Huang W, Liu Y. Response of antibiotic resistance genes and microbial niches to dissolved oxygen in an oxygen-based membrane biofilm reactor during greywater treatment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 833:155062. [PMID: 35395308 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Linear alkylbenzene sulfonates (LAS) in greywater (GW) will simulate antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) production in the biofilm-based system. Our study emphasizes the dissolved oxygen (DO)-dependent ARGs accumulation and microbial niches succession in an oxygen-based membrane biofilm reactor (O2-MBfR) treating GW, as well as revealing the key roles of EPS. Changing DO concentrations led to significant differences in ARGs production, EPS secretion and microbial communities, as well as the organics and nitrogen removal efficiency. Increasing DO concentration from 0.2 to 0.4 mg/L led to improved organics (> 90%) and nitrogen removal, as well as less EPS (especially for proteins and carbohydrates) and ARGs accumulation (e.g., intI-1, korB and sul-2) in the biofilm; the high-DO-concentration accumulated microbial niches, including Flavobacteriaceae and Cyanobacteria that revealed by LEfSe analysis, contributed to both nitrogen reduction and organics biodegradation. While, the inefficient electron acceptor at low DO conditions (0.2 mg/L) reduced the organics and nitrogen removal efficiency, as well as the improved accumulation of EPS in biofilm; high EPS enabled the capture of residual LAS from the liquid phase, which stimulated the production of ARGs by the distinct microbial community compositions. These findings suggested the DO-based ARGs reduction regulation strategy in the O2-MBfR treating GW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhou
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Health and Green Remediation, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; University of Alberta, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Mian Nabeel Anwar
- University of Alberta, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Bing Guo
- University of Alberta, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada; Centre for Environmental Health and Engineering (CEHE), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Surrey, Surrey GU2 7XH, United Kingdom.
| | - Wendy Huang
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Yang Liu
- University of Alberta, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada.
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11
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Ho QN, Fettweis M, Spencer KL, Lee BJ. Flocculation with heterogeneous composition in water environments: A review. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 213:118147. [PMID: 35149367 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Flocculation is a key process for controlling the fate and transport of suspended particulate matter (SPM) in water environments and has received considerable attention in the field of water science (e.g., oceanography, limnology, and hydrology), remaining an active area of research. The research on flocculation has been conducted to elucidate the SPM dynamics and to diagnose various environmental issues. The flocculation, sedimentation, and transportation of SPM are closely linked to the compositional and structural properties of flocs. In fact, flocs are highly heterogeneous in terms of composition. However, the lack of comprehensive research on floc composition and structure has led to misconceptions regarding the temporal and spatial dynamics of SPM. This review summarizes the current understanding of the heterogeneous composition of flocs (e.g., minerals, organic matter, metals, microplastic, engineered nanoparticles) and its effect on their structure and on their fate and transport within aquatic environments. Furthermore, the effects of human activities (e.g., pollutant discharge, construction) on floc composition are discussed.
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Key Words
- AB, Alcian Blue
- CBB, Coomassie Brilliant Blue
- CSPs, Coomassie stainable particles
- DOM, Dissolved organic matter
- ENPs, Engineered nanoparticles
- EPS, Extracellular polymeric substances
- FA, Fulvic acids
- Flocculation
- HA, Humic acids
- HS, Humic substances
- Heterogeneous composition
- Hm, Humin
- LB-EPS, Loosely bound EPS
- MPs, Microplastics
- Microplastics
- OM, Organic matter
- OWFs, Offshore wind farms
- Organic matter
- POM, Particulate organic matter
- SPM, Suspended particulate matter
- Suspended particle matter
- TB-EPS, Tightly bound EPS
- TEP, Transparent exopolymer particles
- TOC, Total organic carbon
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Affiliation(s)
- Que Nguyen Ho
- Energy Environment Institute, Kyungpook National University, 2559 Gyeongsang-daero, Sangju, Gyeongbuk 37224, Korea
| | - Michael Fettweis
- Operational Directorate Natural Environment, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Rue Vautier 29, B-1000 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Kate L Spencer
- School of Geography, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Byung Joon Lee
- Energy Environment Institute, Kyungpook National University, 2559 Gyeongsang-daero, Sangju, Gyeongbuk 37224, Korea; Department of Advanced Science and Technology Convergence, Kyungpook National University, 2559 Gyeongsang-daero, Sangju, Gyeongbuk 37224, Korea.
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12
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Lim K, Parameswaran P. Critical evaluation of heat extraction temperature on soluble microbial products (SMP) and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) quantification in wastewater processes. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2022; 85:2318-2331. [PMID: 35486457 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2022.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
While soluble microbial products (SMP) and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in wastewater bioprocesses have been widely studied, a lack of standard quantification procedures make it difficult to compare results between studies. This study investigated the effect of temperature on SMP and EPS profiles for biological nutrient removal (BNR) sludges and aerobic membrane bioreactor sludge by adapting the commonly used heat extraction and centrifugation scheme, followed by colorimetric quantification of the carbohydrate and protein fractions using the phenol-sulfuric acid (PS) and the bicinchoninic acid (BCA) methods, respectively. To overcome known inconsistencies in colorimetry, total carbon (TC), total nitrogen (TN), and fluorometry analyses were performed in tandem. SMP samples marginally benefitted from heat extraction, owing to their mostly soluble nature, while EPS profiles were greatly influenced by temperature. 60 °C appears to be a suitable general-purpose extraction temperature near the lysis threshold for the sludges tested. The PS method's misestimation due to lack of specificity was observed and contrasted by TC analyses, while the TN analyses corroborated the BCA assays. Fluorometry proved to be a sensitive and rapid analytical method that provided semi-quantitative information on SMP and EPS constituents, particularly its proteinaceous components, with positive implications for robust wastewater process control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kahao Lim
- Department of Civil Engineering, Kansas State University, 2118 Fiedler Hall, 1701C Platt St., Manhattan, KS 66506, USA E-mail:
| | - Prathap Parameswaran
- Department of Civil Engineering, Kansas State University, 2118 Fiedler Hall, 1701C Platt St., Manhattan, KS 66506, USA E-mail:
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13
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Tawfik A, Hasanan K, Abdullah M, Badr OA, Awad HM, Elsamadony M, El-Dissouky A, Qyyum MA, Nizami AS. Graphene enhanced detoxification of wastewater rich 4-nitrophenol in multistage anaerobic reactor followed by baffled high-rate algal pond. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 424:127395. [PMID: 34879583 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The presence of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) in the wastewater industry causes toxicity and inhibition of the anaerobic degrading bacteria. The anaerobes in the multistage anaerobic reactor were loaded by 30.0 mg/gVS Graphene nanoparticles (MAR-Gn) as an electron acceptor to detoxify wastewater industry. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was reduced from 455 ± 22.5 to 135 ± 12.7 μg Gallic acid equivalent/mL at 4-NP loading rate of 47.9 g/m3d. Furthermore, 4-NP was decreased by a value of 83.7 ± 4.9% in MAR-Gn compared to 65.6 ± 4.8% in control MAR. The 4-aminophenol (4-AP) recovery was accounted for 44.8% in the MAR-Gn at an average oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) of - 167.3 ± 21.2 mV. The remaining portions of 4-NP and 4-AP in the MAR-Gn effluent were efficiently removed by baffled high rate algal pond (BHRAP), resulting in overall removal efficiency of 91.6 ± 6.3 and 92.3 ± 4.6%, respectively. The Methanosaeta (52.9%) and Methanosphaerula (10.9%) were dominant species in MAR-Gn for reduction of 4-NP into 4-AP. Moreover, Chlorophyta cells (Chlorella vulgaris, Scenedesmus obliquus, Scenedesmus quadricauda and Ulothrix subtilissima were abundant in the BHRAP for complete degradation of 4-NP and 4-AP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Tawfik
- National Research Centre, Water Pollution Research Department, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Khaled Hasanan
- National Research Centre, Water Pollution Research Department, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Abdullah
- National Research Centre, Water Pollution Research Department, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Omnia A Badr
- Department of Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Qalyubia, Egypt
| | - Hanem M Awad
- National Research Centre, Department of Tanning Materials and Leather Technology & Regulatory Toxicology Lab, Centre of Excellence, El-Behouth St., Dokki 12622, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Elsamadony
- Department of Public Works Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tanta University, 31521 Tanta, Egypt
| | - Ali El-Dissouky
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426, Alexandria 21321, Egypt
| | - Muhammad Abdul Qyyum
- Department of Petroleum & Chemical Engineering, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman; School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, South Korea.
| | - Abdul-Sattar Nizami
- Sustainable Development Study Center, Government College University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
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14
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Zhou Y, Li R, Guo B, Xia S, Liu Y, Rittmann BE. The influent COD/N ratio controlled the linear alkylbenzene sulfonate biodegradation and extracellular polymeric substances accumulation in an oxygen-based membrane biofilm reactor. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 422:126862. [PMID: 34416689 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This work evaluated the fates of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N), and total nitrogen (TN) when treating greywater (GW) in an oxygen-based membrane biofilm reactor (O2-MBfR). An influent ratio of chemical oxygen demand to total nitrogen (COD/TN) of 20 g COD/g N gave the best removals of LAS, COD, NH4+-N and TN, and it also had the greatest EPS accumulation in the biofilm. Higher EPS and improved performance were linked to increases in the relative abundances of bacteria able to biodegrade LAS (Zoogloea, Pseudomonas, Parvibaculum, Magnetospirillum and Mycobacterium) and to nitrify (Nitrosomonas and Nitrospira), as well as to ammonia oxidation related enzyme (ammonia monooxygenase). The EPS was dominated by protein, which played a key role in adsorbing LAS, achieving short-time protection from LAS toxicity and allowed LAS biodegradation. Continuous high-efficiency removal of LAS alleviated LAS toxicity to microbial physiological functions, including nitrification, nitrate respiration, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, achieving the stable high-efficient simultaneous removal of organics and nitrogen in the O2-MBfR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhou
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Health and Green Remediation, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; University of Alberta, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 1H9
| | - Ran Li
- University of Alberta, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 1H9; College of Petroleum Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Bing Guo
- University of Alberta, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 1H9; Centre for Environmental Health and Engineering (CEHE), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Surrey, Surrey GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - Siqing Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yang Liu
- University of Alberta, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 1H9.
| | - Bruce E Rittmann
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-5701, United States
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15
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Feng L, He S, Wei L, Zhang J, Wu H. Impacts of aeration and biochar on physiological characteristics of plants and microbial communities and metabolites in constructed wetland microcosms for treating swine wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 200:111415. [PMID: 34087189 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Constructed wetlands (CWs) by modifying operation strategies or substrates have grown in popularity in recent years for improving the treatment capacity. However, few studies focused on the responses of wetland vegetation and associated microorganisms in CWs for treating high-strength wastewaters. This study evaluated the long-term responses of plants and microbes in CWs with biochar and intermittent aeration for treating real swine wastewater. The results showed that intermittent aeration or combined with biochar could decrease the stress response of wetland plants against the swine wastewater. Biochar addition promoted the production of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS, total 516.27 mg L-1) mainly including protein-like, humic-like and tryptophan-like components. However, intermittent aeration resulted in the EPS reduction (99.24 mg L-1). As for microbial communities, biochar addition supported rich and diverse microbial communities (652 OTUs), while the combination with biochar and aeration could not improve diversity of microbes (597 OTUs). Additionally, the combination altered the microbial community structures and changed microbial composition correlated with environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Likui Feng
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Shufei He
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Liangliang Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, PR China
| | - Haiming Wu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, PR China.
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16
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Operation of Submerged Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactors at 20 °C: Effect of Solids Retention Time on Flux, Mixed Liquor Characteristics and Performance. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9091525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Four flat-sheet submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactors ran for 242 days on a simulated domestic wastewater with low Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and high suspended solids. Organic loading was maintained around 1.0 g COD L−1 day−1, while solids retention time (SRT) was varied from 20–90 days. This was achieved at a constant membrane flux, maintained by adjusting transmembrane pressure (TMP) in the range 1.8–9.8 kPa. Membrane fouling was assessed based on the required TMP, with mixed liquors characterised using capillary suction time, frozen image centrifugation and quantification of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). SRT had a significant effect on these parameters: fouling was least at an SRT of 30 days and highest at 60 days, with some reduction as this extended to 90 days. Operation at SRT < 30 days showed no further benefits. Although operation at a short SRT was optimal for membrane performance it led to lower specific methane productivity, higher biomass yields and higher effluent COD. Short SRT may also have accelerated the loss of essential trace elements, leading to reduced performance under these conditions. A COD-based mass balance was conducted, including both biomass and methane dissolved in the effluent.
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17
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Zhong H, Liu X, Tian Y, Zhang Y, Liu C. Biological power generation and earthworm assisted sludge treatment wetland to remove organic matter in sludge and synchronous power generation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 776:145909. [PMID: 33639468 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In order to eliminate the weak degradation ability of organic matter in sludge treatment wetland (STW). In current work, a combined biological power generation and earthworm assisted sludge treatment wetland (BE-STW) system is proposed for the first time to accelerate degradation and dehydration process of organics in STW, thusly, recovering biomass energy in sludge. Experimental results show that S4 system (earthworm and bioelectricity combined) yields a voltage of 0.832 V and maximum power density of 94.98 W/m2 in the 5th day. The combination of earthworm, microorganism and plants in STW system can reduce the ratio of volatile solids to total solids (VS/TS) to 15% while the removal rate of total chemical oxygen demand (TCOD) reaches 92.1%. The BE-STW system increases sludge particle size while reduces absolute value of Zeta and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) content, so that the moisture content of effluent sludge retains to 66.8%. Meanwhile, the richness of bacterial communities in S4 proves that bioelectrochemistry and earthworm can effectively improve the sludge treatment effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyuan Zhong
- Laboratory of Water Supply and Drainage Science and Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, PR China.
| | - Xiao Liu
- Laboratory of Water Supply and Drainage Science and Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, PR China
| | - Yang Tian
- Laboratory of Water Supply and Drainage Science and Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, PR China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Laboratory of Water Supply and Drainage Science and Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, PR China
| | - Chang Liu
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, MEE, PR China
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18
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Cao B, Zhang T, Zhang W, Wang D. Enhanced technology based for sewage sludge deep dewatering: A critical review. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 189:116650. [PMID: 33246217 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Sludge is an inevitable by product of sewage treatment, and it includes pathogens, heavy metals, organic pollutants and other toxic substances. The components of sludge are complex and variable with extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) being one. EPS are highly hydrophilic and compressible, and make sludge dewatering difficult. Therefore, the development of efficient sludge-dewatering technology is an important means of mitigating rapid sludge growth. At present, the main methods used for sludge deep-dewatering technology are chemical preconditioning with high-pressure filtration and electrical mechanical dewatering. The selection of chemical preconditioning directly determines the final efficiency of the sludge-dewatering process. In this paper, we conduct a comprehensive review of the problems related to sludge dewatering and systematically summarise the impact of different chemical conditioning technologies on the efficiency of sludge dewatering. Furthermore, the characteristics of different enhanced dewatering technologies are evaluated and analysed for their adaptability and final disposal methods. We believe that this review can clarify the chemical conditioner mechanism to improve sludge dewatering, provide reference debugging information for the sludge-dewatering process and promote the development of efficient and environmentally friendly sludge-dewatering technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingdi Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Weijun Zhang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China.
| | - Dongsheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
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19
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Du H, Wu Y, Wu H. Dissolved organic matter and bacterial population changes during the treatment of solid potato waste in a microbial fuel cell. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2020; 82:1982-1994. [PMID: 33263577 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2020.480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of mixed feeding of anaerobically cultured waste activated sludge (WAS) on the performance of microbial fuel cells (MFCs) in the treatment of solid potato waste. The maximum current densities of the four MFCs was estimated as 36, 5, 10 and 150 mA/m2, with the columbic efficiencies of 6.1, 0.3, 0.9 and 31.1%, respectively. Composition changes of dissolved organic matter (DOM) coupled with its interrelation with electricity generation and total and viable bacterial population at the end of the operation were investigated. The experimental results demonstrated that mixing WAS into solid potato enhanced the presence of the tyrosine-like aromatic amino acids and aromatic protein-like substances from the beginning of the operation and promoted hydrolysis and humification of the solid potato. In the final solution of the anodic chamber, more viable bacteria were detected for the reactors treating solid potato alone and the mixed feedstock with the smaller amount of sludge, where distinct electricity generation was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Du
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China E-mail:
| | - Yanxia Wu
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China E-mail:
| | - Huifang Wu
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China E-mail:
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20
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Li M, Wei D, Yan L, Yang Q, Liu L, Xu W, Du B, Wang Q, Hou H. Aerobic biodegradation of p-nitrophenol in a nitrifying sludge bioreactor: System performance, sludge property and microbial community shift. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 265:110542. [PMID: 32275249 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The system performance, sludge property and microbial community shift were evaluated in a nitrifying sludge (NS) bioreactor for simultaneous treating p-Nitrophenol (PNP) and high ammonia wastewater. After long-term acclimation for 80 days, the removal efficiencies of PNP and NH4+-N reached to 99.9% and 99.5%, respectively. Meanwhile, the effluent PNP gradually decreased from 7.9 to 0.1 mg/L by acclimation of sludge. The particle size of NS increased from 115.2 μm to 226.3 μm accompanied by the decreased zeta potential as a self-protection strategy. The presence of PNP exposure altered the effluent soluble microbial products (SMP) fluorescent components and molecular composition. The increase in the relative abundance of Thauera, Nitrospiraceae and Nitrosomonas indicated the nitrification and denitrification capacities of NS increased, which maybe the PNP cometabolic biodegradation effect. Moreover, Ignavibacteria and Aeromonas were responsible as the dominant bacteria for degrading PNP in the nitrifying system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingrun Li
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, PR China
| | - Dong Wei
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, PR China; Anhui Guozhen Environmental Protection Technology Joint Stock Co., Ltd, Hefei, 230088, PR China.
| | - Liangguo Yan
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, PR China
| | - Qingwei Yang
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, PR China
| | - Lulu Liu
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, PR China
| | - Weiying Xu
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, PR China
| | - Bin Du
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, PR China
| | - Qian Wang
- College of Geography and Environment, Collaborative Innovation Center of Human-Nature and Green Development in the Universities of Shandong, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, PR China
| | - Hongxun Hou
- Anhui Guozhen Environmental Protection Technology Joint Stock Co., Ltd, Hefei, 230088, PR China
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21
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Sun H, Cai C, Chen J, Liu C, Wang G, Li X, Zhao H. Effect of temperatures and alternating anoxic/oxic sequencing batch reactor (SBR) operating modes on extracellular polymeric substances in activated sludge. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2020; 82:120-130. [PMID: 32910797 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2020.336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of temperatures and operating modes on extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) contents, three sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) were operated at temperatures of 15, 25, and 35 °C (R15 °C, R25 °C, and R35 °C, respectively), with two SBRs operated under alternating anoxic/oxic conditions (RA/O and RO/A, respectively). Results showed that higher contents of tightly bound EPS (TB-EPS) and total EPS appeared in R15 °C, while loosely bound EPS (LB-EPS) dominated in R35 °C. In all three kinds of EPS (LB-EPS, TB-EPS and total EPS) assessed, protein was the main component in R15 °C and R25 °C, while polysaccharides dominated in R35 °C. Moreover, compared with RO/A, RA/O was favorable for the production of the three kinds of EPS. Furthermore, three kinds of EPS and their components were augmented during the nitrification process, while they declined during the denitrification process under all conditions except for R35 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Sun
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China E-mail:
| | - Chenjian Cai
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Jixue Chen
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China E-mail:
| | - Chunyu Liu
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China E-mail:
| | - Guangjie Wang
- Shandong Tongji Testing Technology Co., Ltd, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Li
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China E-mail:
| | - Huanan Zhao
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
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22
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Physicochemical and Biological Effects on Activated Sludge Performance and Activity Recovery of Damaged Sludge by Exposure to CeO 2 Nanoparticles in Sequencing Batch Reactors. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16204029. [PMID: 31640233 PMCID: PMC6843984 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16204029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Recently, the growing release of CeO2 nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs) into sewage systems has attracted great concern. Several studies have extensively explored CeO2 NPs' potential adverse impacts on wastewater treatment plants; however, the impaired activated sludge recovery potentials have seldom been addressed to date. To explore the physicochemical and biological effects on the activated sludge performance and activity recovery of damaged sludge by exposure to CeO2 NPs in sequencing batch reactors (SBRs), four reactors and multiple indicators including water quality, key enzymes, microbial metabolites, the microbial community structure and toxicity were used. Results showed that 10-week exposure to higher CeO2 NP concentration (1, 10 mg/L) resulted in a sharp decrease in nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiencies, which were consistent with the tendencies of key enzymes. Meanwhile, CeO2 NPs at concentrations of 0.1, 1, and 10 mg/L decreased the secretion of tightly bound extracellular polymeric substances to 0.13%, 3.14%, and 28.60%, respectively, compared to the control. In addition, two-week recovery period assays revealed that the functional bacteria Proteobacteria, Nitrospirae and Planctomycetes recovered slightly at the phyla level, as analyzed through high-throughput sequencing, which was consistent with the small amount of improvement of the effluent performance of the system. This reflected the small possibility of the activity recovery of damaged sludge.
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Porter MK, Preska Steinberg A, Ismagilov RF. Interplay of motility and polymer-driven depletion forces in the initial stages of bacterial aggregation. SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:7071-7079. [PMID: 31441486 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm00791a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Motile bacteria are often found in complex, polymer-rich environments in which microbes can aggregate via polymer-induced depletion forces. Bacterial aggregation has many biological implications; it can promote biofilm formation, upregulate virulence factors, and lead to quorum sensing. The steady state aggregation behavior of motile bacteria in polymer solutions has been well studied and shows that stronger depletion forces are required to aggregate motile bacteria as compared with their nonmotile analogs. However, no one has studied whether these same trends hold at the initial stages of aggregation. We use experiments and numerical calculations to investigate the polymer-induced depletion aggregation of motile Escherichia coli in polyethylene glycol solutions on short experimental timescales (∼10 min). Our work reveals that in the semi-dilute polymer concentration regime and at short timescales, in contrast to what is found at steady state, bacterial motility actually enhances aggregate formation by increasing the collision rate in viscous environments. These unexpected findings have implications for developing models of active matter, and for understanding bacterial aggregation in dynamic, biological environments, where the system may never reach steady state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael K Porter
- Division of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd., Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
| | - Asher Preska Steinberg
- Division of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd., Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
| | - Rustem F Ismagilov
- Division of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd., Pasadena, CA 91125, USA. and Division of Biology & Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd., Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
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Qin J, Chen Z, Jiao Y, Li X, Liu Y, Gao J. Sludge char-to-fuel approaches based on the pyrolysis III: Adding protein without dehydration. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2019; 93:47-53. [PMID: 31235056 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2019.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Urban expansion has led to the accumulation of sludge, and its disposal has to meet increasingly stringent requirements. Therefore, pyrolysis has become an alternative option. However, it was still unclear which part of the sludge could be pyrolyzed to generate the product with a higher heating value, and therefore we divided sludge into extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and cell phase and measured their heating values respectively. The obtained results showed that the high heating value (HHV) of the pyrolysis cell phase accounted for 85% of the sludge pyrolysis, and the addition of protein significantly increased the heating value of each component. Although the HHV of the pyrolysis cell phase increased by 1.8 MJ kg-1 for every 1% increase in protein, the HHV of the pyrolysis sludge and EPS increased by only 1.2 MJ kg-1. It is therefore suggested that EPS may contain substances that inhibit heat release. Properly increasing the cellular or protein components in the sludge could significantly increase the HHV produced by pyrolysis. Based on the measurement of fatty acids (FAs) and alcohol content and FTIR results, the addition of protein could increase the saturated FAs and accelerate the replacement of oxygen with nitrogen in the pyrolysis product, resulting in higher HHV. If the sludge was not dehydrated, more volatile compounds were carbonized and the HHV increased from 12 MJ kg-1 to 19 MJ kg-1. In short, since the HHV of the sludge was mainly derived from the cell phase, the HHV generation could be improved by increasing the cell phase or protein content without dehydration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyi Qin
- School of Civil Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, PR China.
| | - Zhexin Chen
- School of Civil Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, PR China
| | - Yijing Jiao
- School of Civil Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, PR China
| | - Xiaoguang Li
- School of Civil Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, PR China
| | - Yunxiao Liu
- School of Civil Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, PR China
| | - Junfa Gao
- School of Civil Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, PR China
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Gurung K, Ncibi MC, Sillanpää M. Removal and fate of emerging organic micropollutants (EOMs) in municipal wastewater by a pilot-scale membrane bioreactor (MBR) treatment under varying solid retention times. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 667:671-680. [PMID: 30833265 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the removal and fate of 23 emerging organic micropollutants (EOMs) including a wide range of pharmaceuticals (antibiotics, β-blockers, analgesics, diuretics, psychostimulants, antiepileptics, immunosuppressives, anticoagulants), and steroid hormones detected in municipal wastewater by a pilot-scale membrane bioreactor (MBR) plant at two different solid retention times (SRTs) of 60 and 21 days. Different removal efficiencies of the selected EOMs were observed and explained based on their physicochemical properties (such as distribution coefficient, log D; dissociation constant, pKa; solid-water distribution coefficients, and Kd) along with process operating parameters. The dominant removal mechanisms of EOMs were biotransformation and sorption onto the sludge, which were confirmed by the mass balance study. Moreover, changes in the sludge properties, as a consequence of different SRTs, were evaluated based on variations in soluble microbial products (SMP), extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), and capillary suction time (CST). Finally, the quality of the MBR effluent was compared with some established guidelines, which confirmed the fulfilment of water quality requirements for reuse purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khum Gurung
- Department of Green Chemistry, School of Engineering Science, Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology, Sammonkatu 12, FI-50130 Mikkeli, Finland.
| | - Mohamed Chaker Ncibi
- Department of Green Chemistry, School of Engineering Science, Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology, Sammonkatu 12, FI-50130 Mikkeli, Finland
| | - Mika Sillanpää
- Department of Green Chemistry, School of Engineering Science, Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology, Sammonkatu 12, FI-50130 Mikkeli, Finland.
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26
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Giwa A, Dindi A, Kujawa J. Membrane bioreactors and electrochemical processes for treatment of wastewaters containing heavy metal ions, organics, micropollutants and dyes: Recent developments. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 370:172-195. [PMID: 29958700 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Revised: 06/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Research and development activities on standalone systems of membrane bioreactors and electrochemical reactors for wastewater treatment have been intensified recently. However, several challenges are still being faced during the operation of these reactors. The current challenges associated with the operation of standalone MBR and electrochemical reactors include: membrane fouling in MBR, set-backs from operational errors and conditions, energy consumption in electrochemical systems, high cost requirement, and the need for simplified models. The advantage of this review is to present the most critical challenges and opportunities. These challenges have necessitated the design of MBR derivatives such as anaerobic MBR (AnMBR), osmotic MBR (OMBR), biofilm MBR (BF-MBR), membrane aerated biofilm reactor (MABR), and magnetically-enhanced systems. Likewise, electrochemical reactors with different configurations such as parallel, cylindrical, rotating impeller-electrode, packed bed, and moving particle configurations have emerged. One of the most effective approaches towards reducing energy consumption and membrane fouling rate is the integration of MBR with low-voltage electrochemical processes in an electrically-enhanced membrane bioreactor (eMBR). Meanwhile, research on eMBR modeling and sludge reuse is limited. Future trends should focus on novel/fresh concepts such as electrically-enhanced AnMBRs, electrically-enhanced OMBRs, and coupled systems with microbial fuel cells to further improve energy efficiency and effluent quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adewale Giwa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Masdar City campus, P.O. Box 54224, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Abdallah Dindi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Masdar City campus, P.O. Box 54224, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Joanna Kujawa
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 7, Gagarina Street, 87-100 Torun, Poland
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27
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Phosphate depletion controls lipid content and accumulation of heterotrophic bacteria during growth of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:5007-5014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09817-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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28
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Qian J, Zhou J, Pei X, Zhang M, Liu Y. Bioactivities and formation/utilization of soluble microbial products (SMP) in the biological sulfate reduction under different conditions. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 221:37-44. [PMID: 30634147 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.12.208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The biological sulfate reduction (BSR) plays a critical role in the organic compound removal in the sulfur bioconversion-associated sewage treatment process. The soluble microbial products (SMP) are the major components of residual organic compounds in the secondary treatment effluent and its presence directly affects treatment capacity. In addition, the SMP could be one of the available organic substrates and be utilized as an electron donor in the bioreactions. However, the SMP formation and utilization in the BSR are poorly understood. Herein, the BSR activities and SMP generation/utilization were simultaneously investigated under different conditions, i.e. pH, temperature and ratio of organic carbon (C) to sulfur (S). The role of SMP as the electron donor for BSR was also identified. The higher BSR activities and rapid SMP synthesis were found under neutral and alkaline conditions, but the SMP utilization as the electron donor is not favorable at pH 7.0. The BSR activity became higher and more SMP was synthesized by raising the temperature. The ratio of C to S rarely affected the sulfidogenic activity but has an effect on the net SMP generation (total SMP generation - SMP consumption by SBR as the electron donor). The lower ratio of C/S could result in the low residual SMP level in the reactor. And the SMP-induced BSR activity was higher under the acid and alkaline conditions compared with the neutral condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, China; Research and Development Institute in Shenzhen & School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, China.
| | - Junmei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, China
| | - Xiangjun Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, China.
| | - Mingkuan Zhang
- Research and Development Institute in Shenzhen & School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech One, 637141, Singapore; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
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29
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Yang P, Li D, Zhang W, Wang N, Yang Z, Wang D, Ma T. Flocculation-dewatering behavior of waste activated sludge particles under chemical conditioning with inorganic polymer flocculant: Effects of typical sludge properties. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 218:930-940. [PMID: 30609498 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.11.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 11/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The effects of typical sludge properties (solids concentration, soluble extracellular polymeric substances (SEPS) and alkalinity) on waste activated sludge flocculation-dewatering behavior and mechanisms under chemical conditioning with inorganic polymer flocculant-polyaluminum chloride (PACl) were systematically examined in this study. The results indicated that increasing the solids concentration was conductive to sludge dewatering and could greatly decrease the PACl demand in chemical conditioning. Solids concentration had important effects on properties of sludge floc flocculated with PACl, floc structure was more compact and of low EPS concentration at high solids concentrations. High levels of SEPS were adverse to sludge dewaterability after flocculation with PACl, since the SEPS could interact with hydroxy-aluminium through complexation and increase the demand of coagulants. In addition, advantageous speciations of hydroxy-aluminium were rapidly converted into amorphous hydroxides with low flocculation activity at high alkalinity, so the sludge conditioning efficiency was greatly declined. At the same time, the dominant mechanism of chemical conditioning was changed from charge neutralization to sweep coagulation. Finally, this study provides control strategies at complex sludge properties for improving the effectiveness of PACl as a chemical conditioner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yang
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Dandan Li
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Weijun Zhang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Systematic Water Pollution Control, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China.
| | - Ning Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18, Shuangqing Road, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Zhaoyi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18, Shuangqing Road, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Dongsheng Wang
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18, Shuangqing Road, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Teng Ma
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Systematic Water Pollution Control, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
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30
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Song D, Zhang W, Liu C, Wang P, Sun Z, Zhao L, Zhai X, Qi J, Ma J. Development of a novel anoxic/oxic fed-batch membrane bioreactor (AFMBR) based on gravity-driven and partial aeration modes: A pilot scale study. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 270:255-262. [PMID: 30223156 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.08.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A novel pilot gravity-driven anoxic/oxic fed-batch membrane bioreactor (AFMBR) was developed to treat real domestic wastewater. In this process, the anoxic and oxic stages created favorable conditions for stable and continuous nitritation-denitritation/denitrification-nitrification links without adding external carbon source. Excellent removals of organic carbon/nitrogen (NH4+-N: 71-97%, COD: 78-96%, UV254: 70-95%, TN: 20-60%) and spontaneous permeability recovery were achieved simultaneously. It was assessed at micro levels by characterizing sludge particle morphologies, microbiota functional evolutions, fouling layer properties and energy consumptions. It was demonstrated that the aerobic granular sludge (AGS) was cultivated successfully. Notable differences of microbial diversity were observed in different regions of AFMBR. The SEM and AFM spectra suggested the loose cake layers can shed automatically due to low pressure and continue flushing. The energy consumption in AFMBR was around 0.042 kWh/m3, far lower than that of conventional MBR. Overall, the AFMBR has a potential on improvement of domestic wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Caihong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment of Ministry of Education of Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; School of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Panpan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Zhiqiang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Xuedong Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Jingyao Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Jun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China.
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31
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Yin Q, He K, Echigo S, Wu G, Zhan X, Hu H. Ferroferric Oxide Significantly Affected Production of Soluble Microbial Products and Extracellular Polymeric Substances in Anaerobic Methanogenesis Reactors. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2376. [PMID: 30356728 PMCID: PMC6189335 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Conductive materials facilitate direct interspecies electron transfer between acidogens and methanogens during methane (CH4) production. Soluble microbial products (SMP) and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) produced by microorganisms might act as the electron shuttle between microorganisms and conductive materials. In this study, effects of conductive ferroferric oxide (Fe3O4) on anaerobic treatment process and the production of SMP and EPS were investigated. The maximum CH4 production rate was enhanced by 23.3% with the dosage of Fe3O4. The concentrations of proteins, polysaccharides, and humic substances in tightly bound EPS (T-EPS) were promoted, suggesting that extracellular metabolisms were induced by conductive materials. Distribution of potential electron shuttles such as quinone-like substances, flavins, aromatic amino acids, and dipeptides in SMP and EPS phases were comprehensively investigated and these electron shuttles were significantly affected by Fe3O4. Dipeptides consisting of phenylalanine were widely detected in T-EPS of the Fe3O4 reactor, indicating a potential different extracellular electron exchange pattern with the addition of conductive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qidong Yin
- Shenzhen Environmental Science and New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen, China.,Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control of Shenzhen, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kai He
- Research Center for Environmental Quality Management, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shinya Echigo
- Department of Environmental Health, National Institute of Public Health, Wako, Japan
| | - Guangxue Wu
- Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control of Shenzhen, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xinmin Zhan
- Shenzhen Environmental Science and New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hongying Hu
- Shenzhen Environmental Science and New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen, China
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32
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Su X, Zhang Z. Structural characteristics of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in membrane bioreactor and their adsorptive fouling. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2018; 77:1537-1546. [PMID: 29595156 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2018.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The soluble (S), loosely bound (LB) and tightly bound (TB) extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) were extracted from sludge flocs of a membrane bioreactor to evaluate their characteristics and adsorptive fouling. The degrees of adsorptive fouling by the EPS fractions were in the order S-EPS < TB-EPS < LB-EPS. The images of atomic force microscopy showed the membrane fouled by LB-EPS was rougher than that fouled by the other fractions. The adsorbed EPS layer, which was sensed by quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation, was found to be more rigid and compact for LB-EPS, compared with the other EPS fractions. The excitation-emission matrix and Fourier transform infrared techniques were also used to characterize the individual EPS fractions. Compared with S-EPS and TB-EPS, the LB-EPS contained a larger amount of aromatic protein and less carbohydrates and lipids, exhibiting characteristics of greater aromaticity and hydrophobicity. These characteristics should be responsible for more severe fouling, and the stiffer and more compact structure of the adsorbed layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinying Su
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China E-mail:
| | - Zhigang Zhang
- Science and Technology on Underwater Acoustic Laboratory, College of Underwater Acoustic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
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33
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Wu C, Zhou Y, Zhang S, Xu M, Song J. The effect of toxic carbon source on the reaction of activated sludge in the batch reactor. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 194:784-792. [PMID: 29253823 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.12.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 11/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The toxic carbon source can cause higher residual effluent dissolved organic carbon than easily biodegraded carbon source in activated sludge process. In this study, an integrated activated sludge model is developed as the tool to understand the mechanism of toxic carbon source (phenol) on the reaction, regarding the carbon flows during the aeration period in the batch reactor. To estimate the toxic function of phenol, the microbial cells death rate (kdeath) is introduced into the model. The integrated model was calibrated and validated by the experimental data and it was found the model simulations matched the all experimental measurements. In the steady state, the toxicity of phenol can result in higher microbial cells death rate (0.1637 h-1 vs 0.0028 h-1) and decay rate coefficient of biomass (0.0115 h-1 vs 0.0107 h-1) than acetate. In addition, the utilization-associated products (UAP) and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) formation coefficients of phenol are higher than that of acetate, indicating that more carbon flows into the extracellular components, such as soluble microbial products (SMP), when degrading toxic organics. In the non-steady state of feeding phenol, the yield coefficient for growth and maximum specific growth rate are very low in the first few days (1-10 d), while the decay rate coefficient of biomass and microbial cells death rate are relatively high. The model provides insights into the difference of the dynamic reaction with different carbon sources in the batch reactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changyong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Research Center of Water Pollution Control Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Yuexi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Research Center of Water Pollution Control Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Siyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Min Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jiamei Song
- Research Center of Water Pollution Control Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
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He J, Yang P, Zhang W, Cao B, Xia H, Luo X, Wang D. Characterization of changes in floc morphology, extracellular polymeric substances and heavy metals speciation of anaerobically digested biosolid under treatment with a novel chelated-Fe 2+ catalyzed Fenton process. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 243:641-651. [PMID: 28709069 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.06.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A novel chelated-Fe2+ catalyzed Fenton process (CCFP) was developed to enhance dewatering performance of anaerobically digested biosolid, and changes in floc morphology, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and heavy metals speciation were also investigated. The results showed that addition of chelating agents caused EPS solubilization by binding multivalent cations. Like traditional Fenton, CCFP performed well in improving anaerobically digested sludge dewatering property. The highly active radicals (OH, O2-) produced in classical Fenton and CCFP were responsible for sludge flocs destruction and consequently degradation of biopolymers into small molecules. Furthermore, more plentiful pores and channels were presented in cake after Fenton treatment, which was conducive to water drainage under mechanical compression. Additionally, a portion of active heavy metals in the form of oxidizable and reducible states were dissolved under CCFP. Therefore, CCFP could greatly simplify the operating procedure of Fenton conditioning and improve its process adaptability for harmless treatment of biological sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan He
- School of Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Peng Yang
- School of Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Weijun Zhang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China.
| | - Bingdi Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Hua Xia
- School of Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Xi Luo
- Central and Southern China Municipal Engineering Design & Research Institute Co Ltd, China
| | - Dongsheng Wang
- School of Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
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Marín E, Pérez JI, Gómez MA. Behaviour of biopolymeric substances in the activated sludge of an MBR system working with high hydraulic retention time. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2017; 52:1184-1193. [PMID: 28910575 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2017.1356209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study was undertaken to analyse the activated sludge of a membrane bioreactor (MBR), the behaviour of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and soluble microbial products (SMP) as well as their biopolymers composition, in the activated sludge of a membrane bioreactor (MBR) and their influence on membrane fouling were analysed. For the experiment an experimental fullscale MBR working with real urban wastewater at high hydraulic retention time with a variable sludge-retention time (SRT) was used. The MBR system worked in denitrification/nitrification conformation at a constant flow rate (Q = 0.45 m3/h) with a recirculation flow rate of 4Q. The concentrations of SMP in the activated sludge were lower than the concentrations of EPS over the entire study, with humic substances being the main components of the two biopolymers. SMP and, more specifically, SMP carbohydrates, were the most influential biopolymers in membrane fouling, while for EPS and their components, no relation was found with fouling. The SRT and temperature were the operational variables that most influenced the SMP and EPS concentration, causing the increase of SRT and temperature a lower concentration in both biopolymers, although the effect was not the same for all the components, particularly for the EPS carbohydrates, which increased with longer SRTs. Both operational variables were also the ones most influential on the concentration of organic matter of the effluent, due to their effect on the SMP. The volatile suspended solid/total suspended solid (VSS/TSS) ratio in the activated sludge can be applied as a good indicator of the risk of membrane fouling by biopolymers in MBR systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenio Marín
- a Technologies for Water Management and Treatment Research Group , Department of Civil Engineering, and Water Research Institute , University of Granada , Spain
| | - Jorge I Pérez
- a Technologies for Water Management and Treatment Research Group , Department of Civil Engineering, and Water Research Institute , University of Granada , Spain
| | - Miguel A Gómez
- a Technologies for Water Management and Treatment Research Group , Department of Civil Engineering, and Water Research Institute , University of Granada , Spain
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36
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Du Y, Cao B, Zhang W, Yang P, Xu Q, Wang D, Shen X. Improvement of wastewater sludge dewatering properties using polymeric aluminum-silicon complex flocculants conditioning: Importance of aluminum/silicon ratio. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2017.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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37
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Zhou Y, Nguyen BT, Zhou C, Straka L, Lai YS, Xia S, Rittmann BE. The distribution of phosphorus and its transformations during batch growth of Synechocystis. WATER RESEARCH 2017; 122:355-362. [PMID: 28618360 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is an essential nutrient that affects the growth and metabolism of microalgal biomass. Despite the obvious importance of P, the dynamics of how it is taken up and distributed in microalgae are largely undefined. In this study, we tracked the fate of P during batch growth of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. We determined the distribution of P in intracellular polymeric substances (IPS), extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), and soluble microbial products (SMP) for three initial ortho-phosphate concentrations. Results show that the initial P concentration had no impact on the production of biomass, SMP, and EPS. While the initial P concentration affected the rate and the timing of how P was transformed among internal and external forms of inorganic P (IP) and organic P (OP), the trends were the same no matter the starting P concentration. Initially, IP in the bulk solution was rapidly and simultaneously adsorbed by EPS (IPEPS) and taken up as internal IP (IPint). As the bulk-solution's IP was depleted, desorption of IPEPS became the predominant source for IP that was taken up by the growing cells and converted into OPint. At the end of the 9-d batch experiments, almost all P was OP, and most of the OP was intracellular. Based on all of the results, we propose a set of transformation pathways for P during the growth of Synechocystis. Key is that EPS and intracellular P pool play important and distinct roles in the uptake and storage of P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhou
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-5701, United States; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Binh T Nguyen
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-5701, United States
| | - Chen Zhou
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-5701, United States
| | - Levi Straka
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-5701, United States
| | - YenJung Sean Lai
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-5701, United States
| | - Siqing Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Bruce E Rittmann
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-5701, United States.
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38
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Zeng Z, Zheng P, Ding A, Zhang M, Abbas G, Li W. Source analysis of organic matter in swine wastewater after anaerobic digestion with EEM-PARAFAC. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:6770-6778. [PMID: 28091994 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-8324-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Swine wastewater is one of the most serious pollution sources, and it has attracted a great public concern in China. Anaerobic digestion technology is extensively used in swine wastewater treatment. However, the anaerobic digestion effluents are difficult to meet the discharge standard. The results from batch experiments showed that plenty of refractory organic matter remained in the effluents after mesophilic anaerobic digestion for 30 days. The effluent total COD (tCOD) and soluble COD (sCOD) were 483 and 324 mg/L, respectively, with the sCOD/tCOD ratio of 0.671. Fluorescence excitation-emission matrix (EEM) coupled with parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) revealed that the dissolved organic matter in the effluents was tryptophan-like substance, humic acid substance, and fulvic acid substance. Based on the appearance time during anaerobic digestion, tryptophan-like substance and humic acid substance were inferred to originate from the raw swine wastewater, and the fulvic acid substance was inferred to be formed in the anaerobic digestion. This work has revealed the source of residual organic matter in anaerobic digestion of swine wastewater and has provided some valuable information for the post-treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Zeng
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Zheng
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China.
| | - Aqiang Ding
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Ghulam Abbas
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
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39
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Du H, Li F. Characteristics of dissolved organic matter formed in aerobic and anaerobic digestion of excess activated sludge. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 168:1022-1031. [PMID: 27814950 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.10.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Revised: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The characteristics of dissolved organic matter (DOM) formed in aerobic and anaerobic digestion of excess activated sludge (EAS) was investigated for three total solid (TS) concentrations (1.2, 2.3 and 5.2%) and three temperatures (5, 20 and 35 °C). The results on the overall concentration of DOM evaluated by TOC showed significantly higher values in anaerobic than aerobic digestion (2.8-6.9 times for TS 1.2-5.2% at 20 °C). Data analysis with a first-order sequential reaction model revealed that higher occurrence of DOM in anaerobic digestion was a result of comparatively faster hydrolysis (1.3-5.5 times for TS 1.2-5.2% at 20 °C; 1.4-49.3 times for temperatures 5-35 °C with TS 1.2%) and slower degradation (0.3-1.0 times for TS 1.2-5.2% at 20 °C; 0.5-8.3 times for temperatures 5-35 °C with TS 1.2%). In aerobic digestion, more humic substances were formed; while, in anaerobic digestion, proteins and aromatic amino acids were the major constituents. For both digestions, except for a few exceptions, proteins and humic substances increased as the TS concentration increased; and increasing the temperature led to a decrease in the content of proteins formed in both aerobic and anaerobic digestion, and an increase in the content of humic substances in the aerobic digestion. The UV-absorbing DOM constituents were highly heterogeneous, and were comparatively larger in anaerobic digestion; and did not change significantly with the TS concentrations and temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Du
- Graduate School of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
| | - Fusheng Li
- River Basin Research Center, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
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40
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Qi L, You X, Cheng JH, Hu YY. Properties of flocs in sludge conditioning by a novel amphoteric polymer with different anionic degrees. POLYM ENG SCI 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.24401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Qi
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecological Remediation for Industrial Agglomeration Area, College of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Xia You
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecological Remediation for Industrial Agglomeration Area, College of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Jian-Hua Cheng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecological Remediation for Industrial Agglomeration Area, College of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Yong-You Hu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecological Remediation for Industrial Agglomeration Area, College of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510006 China
- State Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Engineering, College of Light Industry and Food Science, South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 China
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41
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Fontmorin JM, Sillanpää M. Dewatering and removal of metals from urban anaerobically digested sludge by Fenton's oxidation. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2017; 38:495-505. [PMID: 27341502 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2016.1199598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the relevance of Fenton's reaction for the treatment of urban anaerobically digested sludge was investigated. In a first part, the impact of the oxidation process on the improvement of the sludge dewaterability was studied. In a second part, the removal of heavy metals from the sludge was examined. Fenton's reaction was carried out with increasing concentrations of Fe2+ and H2O2 in 1:10 and 1:1 ratios. Dewaterability of the raw sludge was highly improved: the addition of 36 mM Fe2+ and 360 mM H2O2 led to specific cake resistance (SCR) and capillary suction time (CST) reductions of 99.8% and 98.8%, respectively. Indeed, under these conditions, SCR and CST of respectively 1.04 × 1011 m kg-1 and 18.5 ± 0.2 s were measured, and the treated sludge could be considered as having 'good dewaterability'. A significant impact was also observed on the removal of heavy metals from the sludge. After 1-h oxidation, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn could be removed by 81.1 ± 0.1%, 25.1 ± 0.1%, 87.2 ± 1.1%, 77.3 ± 4.8% and 99.6 ± 0.3%, respectively. These results were consistent with the heavy metals' fractions in the sludge. It could be concluded that the addition of Fe2+ and H2O2 in a 1:10 ratio was more effective than in a 1:1 ratio. The results were consistent with the extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) contents in raw and treated sludge, since loosely bound EPS decreased significantly after the treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-M Fontmorin
- a Laboratory of Green Chemistry, School of Engineering Science , Lappeenranta University of Technology , Mikkeli , Finland
| | - Mika Sillanpää
- a Laboratory of Green Chemistry, School of Engineering Science , Lappeenranta University of Technology , Mikkeli , Finland
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42
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Li K, Wei D, Yan T, Du B, Wei Q. Responses of soluble microbial products and extracellular polymeric substances to the presence of toxic 2,6-dichlorophenol in aerobic granular sludge system. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2016; 183:594-600. [PMID: 27623368 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the responses of soluble microbial products (SMP) and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) to the presence of toxic 2,6-dichlorophenol (2,6-DCP) in aerobic granular sludge (AGS) system. Batch experiment showed that NH4+-N removal efficiency significantly decreased from 99.6% to 47.2% in the toxic 2,6-DCP of 20 mg/L. Moreover, the inhibition degrees of 2,6-DCP on (SOUR)H, [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] were 7.8%, 32.1% and 9.5%, respectively. The main components of SMP, including protein (PN) and polysaccharide (PS) increased from 2.3 ± 0.74 and 16.8 ± 0.12 mg/L to 66.4 ± 0.56 and 18.0 ± 0.19 mg/L in the presence of 2,6-DCP. Three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix (3D-EEM) spectroscopy identified tryptophan PN-like, humic acid-like and fulvic acid-like substances in the control SMP, and their fluorescence intensities increased after exposure to 2,6-DCP. Synchronous fluorescence spectra suggested that the fluorescence quenching between EPS and 2,6-DCP was a static quenching process. The obtained results could provide insightful information on the responses of microbial products to AGS in the presence of toxic chlorophenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Li
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China
| | - Dong Wei
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China
| | - Tao Yan
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China
| | - Bin Du
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China.
| | - Qin Wei
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China
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43
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Cao B, Zhang W, Wang Q, Huang Y, Meng C, Wang D. Wastewater sludge dewaterability enhancement using hydroxyl aluminum conditioning: Role of aluminum speciation. WATER RESEARCH 2016; 105:615-624. [PMID: 27694043 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Revised: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Chemical conditioning is one of the most important processes for improve the performance of sludge dewatering device. Aluminum salt coagulant has been widely used in wastewater and sludge treatment. It is generally accepted that pre-formed speciation of aluminum salt coagulants (ASC) has an important influence on coagulation/flocculation performance. In this study, the interaction mechanisms between sludge particles and aluminum salt coagulants with different speciation of hydroxy aluminum were investigated by characterizing the changes in morphological and EPS properties. It was found that middle polymer state aluminum (Alb) and high polymer state aluminum (Alc) performed better than monomer aluminum and oligomeric state aluminum (Ala) in reduction of specific resistance to filtration (SRF) and compressibility of wastewater sludge due to their higher charge neutralization and formed more compact flocs. Sludge was significantly acidified after addition Ala, while pH was much more stable under Alb and Alc conditioning due to their hydrolysis stability. The size of sludge flocs conditioned with Alb and Alc was small but flocs structure was denser and more compact, and floc strength is higher, while that formed from Ala is relatively large, but floc structure was loose, floc strength is relatively lower. Scanning environmental microscope analysis revealed that sludge flocs conditioned by Alb and Alc (especially PAC2.5 and Al13) exhibited obvious botryoidal structure, this is because sludge flocs formed by Alb and Alc were more compact and floc strength is high, it was easy generated plentiful tiny channels for water release. In addition, polymeric aluminum salt coagulant (Alb, Alc) had better performance in compressing extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) structure and removing sticky protein-like substances from soluble EPS fraction, contributing to improvement of sludge filtration performance. Therefore, this study provides a novel solution for improving sludge dewatering property by controlling aluminum speciation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingdi Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Weijun Zhang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China.
| | - Qiandi Wang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Yangrui Huang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Chenrui Meng
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Dongsheng Wang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China.
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44
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Chen Z, Zhang W, Wang D, Ma T, Bai R, Yu D. Enhancement of waste activated sludge dewaterability using calcium peroxide pre-oxidation and chemical re-flocculation. WATER RESEARCH 2016; 103:170-181. [PMID: 27450355 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/10/2016] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The effects of combined calcium peroxide (CaO2) oxidation with chemical re-flocculation on dewatering performance and physicochemical properties of waste activated sludge was investigated in this study. The evolutions of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) distribution, composition and morphological properties were analyzed to unravel the sludge conditioning mechanism. It was found that sludge filtration performance was enhanced by calcium peroxide oxidation with the optimal dosage of 20 mg/gTSS. However, this enhancement was not observed at lower dosages due to the absence of oxidation and the performance deteriorated at higher dosages because of the release of excess EPS, mainly as protein-like substances. The variation in soluble EPS (SEPS) component can be fitted well with pseudo-zero-order kinetic model under CaO2 treatment. At the same time, extractable EPS content (SEPS and loosely bound EPS (LB-EPS)) were dramatically increased, indicating sludge flocs were effectively broken and their structure became looser after CaO2 addition. The sludge floc structure was reconstructed and sludge dewaterability was significantly enhanced using chemical re-flocculation (polyaluminium chloride (PACl), ferric iron (FeCl3) and polyacrylamide (PAM)). The inorganic coagulants performed better in improving sludge filtration dewatering performance and reducing cake moisture content than organic polymer, since they could act as skeleton builders and decrease the sludge compressibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Chen
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; School of Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, China
| | - Weijun Zhang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China.
| | - Dongsheng Wang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Teng Ma
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Runying Bai
- School of Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, China
| | - Dezhong Yu
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, 430073 Hubei, China
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45
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Liu Y, Sun J, Peng L, Wang D, Dai X, Ni BJ. Assessment of Heterotrophic Growth Supported by Soluble Microbial Products in Anammox Biofilm using Multidimensional Modeling. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27576. [PMID: 27273460 PMCID: PMC4895179 DOI: 10.1038/srep27576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) is known to autotrophically convert ammonium to dinitrogen gas with nitrite as the electron acceptor, but little is known about their released microbial products and how these are relative to heterotrophic growth in anammox system. In this work, we applied a mathematical model to assess the heterotrophic growth supported by three key microbial products produced by bacteria in anammox biofilm (utilization associated products (UAP), biomass associated products (BAP), and decay released substrate). Both One-dimensional and two-dimensional numerical biofilm models were developed to describe the development of anammox biofilm as a function of the multiple bacteria-substrate interactions. Model simulations show that UAP of anammox is the main organic carbon source for heterotrophs. Heterotrophs are mainly dominant at the surface of the anammox biofilm with small fraction inside the biofilm. 1-D model is sufficient to describe the main substrate concentrations/fluxes within the anammox biofilm, while the 2-D model can give a more detailed biomass distribution. The heterotrophic growth on UAP is mainly present at the outside of anammox biofilm, their growth on BAP (HetB) are present throughout the biofilm, while the growth on decay released substrate (HetD) is mainly located in the inner layers of the biofilm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Jing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Lai Peng
- Laboratory of Microbial Ecology and Technology (LabMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dongbo Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Xiaohu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Bing-Jie Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
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46
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Nguyen NC, Nguyen HT, Chen SS, Ngo HH, Guo W, Chan WH, Ray SS, Li CW, Hsu HT. A novel osmosis membrane bioreactor-membrane distillation hybrid system for wastewater treatment and reuse. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 209:8-15. [PMID: 26946435 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.02.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A novel approach was designed to simultaneously enhance nutrient removal and reduce membrane fouling for wastewater treatment using an attached growth biofilm (AGB) integrated with an osmosis membrane bioreactor (OsMBR) system for the first time. In this study, a highly charged organic compound (HEDTA(3-)) was employed as a novel draw solution in the AGB-OsMBR system to obtain a low reverse salt flux, maintain a healthy environment for the microorganisms. The AGB-OsMBR system achieved a stable water flux of 3.62L/m(2)h, high nutrient removal of 99% and less fouling during a 60-day operation. Furthermore, the high salinity of diluted draw solution could be effectively recovered by membrane distillation (MD) process with salt rejection of 99.7%. The diluted draw solution was re-concentrated to its initial status (56.1mS/cm) at recovery of 9.8% after 6h. The work demonstrated that novel multi-barrier systems could produce high quality potable water from impaired streams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Cong Nguyen
- Institute of Environmental Engineering and Management, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Sec. 3, Chung-Hsiao E. Rd, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC; Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, Da Lat University, Viet Nam
| | - Hau Thi Nguyen
- Institute of Environmental Engineering and Management, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Sec. 3, Chung-Hsiao E. Rd, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC; Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, Da Lat University, Viet Nam
| | - Shiao-Shing Chen
- Institute of Environmental Engineering and Management, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Sec. 3, Chung-Hsiao E. Rd, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Huu Hao Ngo
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Wenshan Guo
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Wen Hao Chan
- Institute of Environmental Engineering and Management, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Sec. 3, Chung-Hsiao E. Rd, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Saikat Sinha Ray
- Institute of Environmental Engineering and Management, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Sec. 3, Chung-Hsiao E. Rd, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chi-Wang Li
- Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, TamKang University, 151 Yingzhuan Road, Tamsui District, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hung-Te Hsu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung Li 32023, Taiwan, ROC
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47
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Duan W, Ronen A, de Leon JV, Dudchenko A, Yao S, Corbala-Delgado J, Yan A, Matsumoto M, Jassby D. Treating anaerobic sequencing batch reactor effluent with electrically conducting ultrafiltration and nanofiltration membranes for fouling control. J Memb Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2016.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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48
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Tomei MC, Mosca Angelucci D, Levantesi C. Two-stage anaerobic and post-aerobic mesophilic digestion of sewage sludge: Analysis of process performance and hygienization potential. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 545-546:453-464. [PMID: 26760266 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.12.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Sequential anaerobic-aerobic digestion has been demonstrated to be effective for enhanced sludge stabilization, in terms of increased solid reduction and improvement of sludge dewaterability. In this study, we propose a modified version of the sequential anaerobic-aerobic digestion process by operating the aerobic step under mesophilic conditions (T=37 °C), in order to improve the aerobic degradation kinetics of soluble and particulate chemical oxygen demand (COD). Process performance has been assessed in terms of "classical parameters" such as volatile solids (VS) removal, biogas production, COD removal, nitrogen species, and polysaccharide and protein fate. The aerobic step was operated under intermittent aeration to achieve nitrogen removal. Aerobic mesophilic conditions consistently increased VS removal, providing 32% additional removal vs. 20% at 20 °C. Similar results were obtained for nitrogen removal, increasing from 64% up to 99% at the higher temperature. Improved sludge dewaterability was also observed with a capillary suction time decrease of ~50% during the mesophilic aerobic step. This finding may be attributable to the decreased protein content in the aerobic digested sludge. The post-aerobic digestion exerted a positive effect on the reduction of microbial indicators while no consistent improvement of hygienization related to the increased temperature was observed. The techno-economic analysis of the proposed digestion layout showed a net cost saving for sludge disposal estimated in the range of 28-35% in comparison to the single-phase anaerobic digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Concetta Tomei
- Water Research Institute, C.N.R., Via Salaria, km 29.300, C.P. 10, 00015, Monterotondo Stazione, Rome, Italy.
| | - Domenica Mosca Angelucci
- Water Research Institute, C.N.R., Via Salaria, km 29.300, C.P. 10, 00015, Monterotondo Stazione, Rome, Italy
| | - Caterina Levantesi
- Water Research Institute, C.N.R., Via Salaria, km 29.300, C.P. 10, 00015, Monterotondo Stazione, Rome, Italy
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49
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Sequestration of nanoparticles by an EPS matrix reduces the particle-specific bactericidal activity. Sci Rep 2016; 6:21379. [PMID: 26856606 PMCID: PMC4809067 DOI: 10.1038/srep21379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Most artificial nanomaterials are known to exhibit broad-spectrum bactericidal activity; however, the defence mechanisms that bacteria use based on extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) to detoxify nanoparticles (NPs) are not well known. We ruled out the possibility of ion-specific bactericidal activity by showing the lack of equivalent dissolved zinc and silicon toxicity and determined the particle-specific toxicity of ZnO and SiO2 nanoparticles (ZnONPs/SiO2NPs) through dialysis isolation experiments. Surprisingly, the manipulation of the E. coli EPS (i.e., no EPS manipulation or EPS removal by sonication/centrifugation) showed that their particle-specific bactericidal activity could be antagonized by NP-EPS sequestration. The survival rates of pristine E. coli (no EPS manipulation) reached 65% (ZnONPs, 500 mg L(-1)) and 79% (SiO2NPs, 500 mg L(-1)), whereas survival rates following EPS removal by sonication/centrifugation were 11% and 63%, respectively. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) combined with fluorescence micro-titration analysis and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed that protein-like substances (N-H and C-N in amide II) and secondary carbonyl groups (C=O) in the carboxylic acids of EPS acted as important binding sites that were involved in NP sequestration. Accordingly, the amount and composition of EPS produced by bacteria have important implications for the bactericidal efficacy and potential environmental effects of NPs.
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50
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Peng J, Wen K, Liu W, Yue X, Wang A, Zhou A. EPS solubilization and waste activated sludge acidification enhanced by alkaline-assisted bi-frequency ultrasonic pretreatment revealed by 3D-EEM fluorescence. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra19521k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of alkaline-assisted bi-frequency (28 + 40 kHz) ultrasonic pretreatment on extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) solubilization and waste activated sludge (WAS) acidification was investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment
- Harbin Institute of Technology (SKLUWRE, HIT)
- Harbin
- China
| | - Kaili Wen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Taiyuan University of Technology
- Taiyuan
- China
| | - Wenzong Liu
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- China
| | - Xiuping Yue
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Taiyuan University of Technology
- Taiyuan
- China
| | - Aijie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment
- Harbin Institute of Technology (SKLUWRE, HIT)
- Harbin
- China
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
| | - Aijuan Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Taiyuan University of Technology
- Taiyuan
- China
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