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Gao J, Wang J, Wang R, Wang J, Ma Y, Yang J, Tai B, Li C, Chai X, Jiao S, Chen T, Zheng H, Li X, Kang L, Jiang C, Zhou J, Liu J, Huang L. A Syringa pinnatifolia genome assembly reveals the zerumbone biosynthesis machinery with a cytochrome P450-catalysed epoxidation reaction in eudicots. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2024. [PMID: 38824457 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Ruishan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Badalahu Tai
- School of Mongolian Materia Medica, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, China
| | - Chongjiu Li
- China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xingyun Chai
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shungang Jiao
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Han Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liping Kang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Junhui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Luqi Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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Sundaraj Y, Abdullah H, Nezhad NG, Rodrigues KF, Sabri S, Baharum SN. Cloning, Expression and Functional Characterization of a Novel α-Humulene Synthase, Responsible for the Formation of Sesquiterpene in Agarwood Originating from Aquilaria malaccensis. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:8989-9002. [PMID: 37998741 PMCID: PMC10670791 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45110564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
This study describes the cloning, expression and functional characterization of α-humulene synthase, responsible for the formation of the key aromatic compound α-humulene in agarwood originating from Aquilaria malaccensis. The partial sesquiterpene synthase gene from the transcriptome data of A. malaccensis was utilized for full-length gene isolation via a 3' RACE PCR. The complete gene, denoted as AmDG2, has an open reading frame (ORF) of 1671 bp and encodes for a polypeptide of 556 amino acids. In silico analysis of the protein highlighted several conserved motifs typically found in terpene synthases such as Asp-rich substrate binding (DDxxD), metal-binding residues (NSE/DTE), and cytoplasmic ER retention (RxR) motifs at their respective sites. The AmDG2 was successfully expressed in the E. coli:pET-28a(+) expression vector whereby an expected band of about 64 kDa in size was detected in the SDS-PAGE gel. In vitro enzyme assay using substrate farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) revealed that AmDG2 gave rise to two sesquiterpenes: α-humulene (major) and β-caryophyllene (minor), affirming its identity as α-humulene synthase. On the other hand, protein modeling performed using AlphaFold2 suggested that AmDG2 consists entirely of α-helices with short connecting loops and turns. Meanwhile, molecular docking via AutoDock Vina (Version 1.5.7) predicted that Asp307 and Asp311 act as catalytic residues in the α-humulene synthase. To our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive report on the cloning, expression and functional characterization of α-humulene synthase from agarwood originating from A. malaccensis species. These findings reveal a deeper understanding of the structure and functional properties of the α-humulene synthase and could be utilized for metabolic engineering work in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasotha Sundaraj
- Metabolomics Research Laboratory, Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Faculty of Engineering and Life Sciences, Universiti Selangor (UNISEL), Bestari Jaya 45600, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Hasdianty Abdullah
- Faculty of Engineering and Life Sciences, Universiti Selangor (UNISEL), Bestari Jaya 45600, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Nima Ghahremani Nezhad
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Kenneth Francis Rodrigues
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS), Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia;
| | - Suriana Sabri
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Centre, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Syarul Nataqain Baharum
- Metabolomics Research Laboratory, Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia;
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Mejia-Alvarado FS, Botero-Rozo D, Araque L, Bayona C, Herrera-Corzo M, Montoya C, Ayala-Díaz I, Romero HM. Molecular network of the oil palm root response to aluminum stress. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:346. [PMID: 37391695 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04354-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The solubilization of aluminum ions (Al3+) that results from soil acidity (pH < 5.5) is a limiting factor in oil palm yield. Al can be uptaken by the plant roots affecting DNA replication and cell division and triggering root morphological alterations, nutrient and water deprivation. In different oil palm-producing countries, oil palm is planted in acidic soils, representing a challenge for achieving high productivity. Several studies have reported the morphological, physiological, and biochemical oil palm mechanisms in response to Al-stress. However, the molecular mechanisms are just partially understood. RESULTS Differential gene expression and network analysis of four contrasting oil palm genotypes (IRHO 7001, CTR 3-0-12, CR 10-0-2, and CD 19 - 12) exposed to Al-stress helped to identify a set of genes and modules involved in oil palm early response to the metal. Networks including the ABA-independent transcription factors DREB1F and NAC and the calcium sensor Calmodulin-like (CML) that could induce the expression of internal detoxifying enzymes GRXC1, PER15, ROMT, ZSS1, BBI, and HS1 against Al-stress were identified. Also, some gene networks pinpoint the role of secondary metabolites like polyphenols, sesquiterpenoids, and antimicrobial components in reducing oxidative stress in oil palm seedlings. STOP1 expression could be the first step of the induction of common Al-response genes as an external detoxification mechanism mediated by ABA-dependent pathways. CONCLUSIONS Twelve hub genes were validated in this study, supporting the reliability of the experimental design and network analysis. Differential expression analysis and systems biology approaches provide a better understanding of the molecular network mechanisms of the response to aluminum stress in oil palm roots. These findings settled a basis for further functional characterization of candidate genes associated with Al-stress in oil palm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernan Santiago Mejia-Alvarado
- Colombian Oil Palm Research Center - Cenipalma, Oil Palm Biology, and Breeding Research Program, Bogotá, 11121, Colombia
| | - David Botero-Rozo
- Colombian Oil Palm Research Center - Cenipalma, Oil Palm Biology, and Breeding Research Program, Bogotá, 11121, Colombia
| | - Leonardo Araque
- Colombian Oil Palm Research Center - Cenipalma, Oil Palm Biology, and Breeding Research Program, Bogotá, 11121, Colombia
| | - Cristihian Bayona
- Colombian Oil Palm Research Center - Cenipalma, Oil Palm Biology, and Breeding Research Program, Bogotá, 11121, Colombia
| | - Mariana Herrera-Corzo
- Colombian Oil Palm Research Center - Cenipalma, Oil Palm Biology, and Breeding Research Program, Bogotá, 11121, Colombia
| | - Carmenza Montoya
- Colombian Oil Palm Research Center - Cenipalma, Oil Palm Biology, and Breeding Research Program, Bogotá, 11121, Colombia
| | - Iván Ayala-Díaz
- Colombian Oil Palm Research Center - Cenipalma, Oil Palm Biology, and Breeding Research Program, Bogotá, 11121, Colombia
| | - Hernán Mauricio Romero
- Colombian Oil Palm Research Center - Cenipalma, Oil Palm Biology, and Breeding Research Program, Bogotá, 11121, Colombia.
- Department of Biology, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, 11132, Colombia.
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Chiang CY, Ohashi M, Tang Y. Deciphering chemical logic of fungal natural product biosynthesis through heterologous expression and genome mining. Nat Prod Rep 2023; 40:89-127. [PMID: 36125308 PMCID: PMC9906657 DOI: 10.1039/d2np00050d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Covering: 2010 to 2022Heterologous expression of natural product biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) has become a widely used tool for genome mining of cryptic pathways, bottom-up investigation of biosynthetic enzymes, and engineered biosynthesis of new natural product variants. In the field of fungal natural products, heterologous expression of a complete pathway was first demonstrated in the biosynthesis of tenellin in Aspergillus oryzae in 2010. Since then, advances in genome sequencing, DNA synthesis, synthetic biology, etc. have led to mining, assignment, and characterization of many fungal BGCs using various heterologous hosts. In this review, we will highlight key examples in the last decade in integrating heterologous expression into genome mining and biosynthetic investigations. The review will cover the choice of heterologous hosts, prioritization of BGCs for structural novelty, and how shunt products from heterologous expression can reveal important insights into the chemical logic of biosynthesis. The review is not meant to be exhaustive but is rather a collection of examples from researchers in the field, including ours, that demonstrates the usefulness and pitfalls of heterologous biosynthesis in fungal natural product discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Yu Chiang
- Dept. of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 5531 Boelter Hall, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Masao Ohashi
- Dept. of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 5531 Boelter Hall, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Yi Tang
- Dept. of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 5531 Boelter Hall, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
- Dept. of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 5531 Boelter Hall, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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5
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Guo Q, Li YW, Yan F, Li K, Wang YT, Ye C, Shi TQ, Huang H. Dual cytoplasmic-peroxisomal engineering for high-yield production of sesquiterpene α-humulene in Yarrowia lipolytica. Biotechnol Bioeng 2022; 119:2819-2830. [PMID: 35798689 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The sesquiterpene α-humulene is an important plant natural product, which has been used in pharmaceutical industry due to the anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities. Although phytoextraction and chemical synthesis have previously been applied into α-humulene production, the low efficiency and high costs limit the development. In this study, Y. lipolytica was engineered as the robust cell factory for sustainable α-humulene production. First, a chassis with high α-humulene output in the cytoplasm was constructed by integrating α-humulene synthases with high catalytic activity, optimizing the flux of MVA and acetyl-CoA pathways. Subsequently, the strategy of dual cytoplasmic-peroxisomal engineering was adopted in Y. lipolytica, the best strain GQ3006 generated by introducing 31 copies of 12 different genes could produce 2280.3 ± 38.2 mg/L (98.7 ± 4.2 mg/g DCW) α-humulene, a 100-fold improvement relative to the baseline strain. In order to further improve the titer, a novel strategy for downregulation of squalene biosynthesis based on Cu2+ -repressible promoters was firstly established, which significantly improved the α-humulene titer by 54.2 % to 3516.6 ± 34.3 mg/L. Finally, the engineered strain could produce 21.7 g/L α-humulene in 5-L bioreactor, 6.8-fold higher than the highest α-humulene titer reported prior to this study. Overall, system metabolic engineering strategies used in this study provide a valuable reference for highly sustainable production of terpenoids in Y. lipolytica. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Guo
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Wen Li
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210046, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Yan
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210046, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Li
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210046, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue-Tong Wang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210046, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Ye
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210046, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian-Qiong Shi
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210046, People's Republic of China
| | - He Huang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210046, People's Republic of China.,College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China
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6
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Purdy TN, Moore BS, Lukowski AL. Harnessing ortho-Quinone Methides in Natural Product Biosynthesis and Biocatalysis. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2022; 85:688-701. [PMID: 35108487 PMCID: PMC9006567 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.1c01026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The implementation of ortho-quinone methide (o-QM) intermediates in complex molecule assembly represents a remarkably efficient strategy designed by Nature and utilized by synthetic chemists. o-QMs have been taken advantage of in biomimetic syntheses for decades, yet relatively few examples of o-QM-generating enzymes in natural product biosynthetic pathways have been reported. The biosynthetic enzymes that have been discovered thus far exhibit tremendous potential for biocatalytic applications, enabling the selective production of desirable compounds that are otherwise intractable or inherently difficult to achieve by traditional synthetic methods. Characterization of this biosynthetic machinery has the potential to shine a light on new enzymes capable of similar chemistry on diverse substrates, thus expanding our knowledge of Nature's catalytic repertoire. The presently known o-QM-generating enzymes include flavin-dependent oxidases, hetero-Diels-Alderases, S-adenosyl-l-methionine-dependent pericyclases, and α-ketoglutarate-dependent nonheme iron enzymes. In this review, we discuss their diverse enzymatic mechanisms and potential as biocatalysts in constructing natural product molecules such as cannabinoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor N Purdy
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Bradley S Moore
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - April L Lukowski
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
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7
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Li P, Bai G, He J, Liu B, Long J, Morcol T, Peng W, Quan F, Luan X, Wang Z, Zhao Y, Cha Y, Liu Y, He J, Wu L, Yang Y, Kennelly EJ, Yang Q, Sun L, Chen Z, Qian W, Hu J, Yan J. Chromosome-level genome assembly of Amomum tsao-ko provides insights into the biosynthesis of flavor compounds. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2022; 9:uhac211. [PMID: 36479578 PMCID: PMC9719038 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Amomum tsao-ko is an economically important spice plant in the ginger family (Zingiberaceae). The dried ripe fruit has been widely used as spice and medicine in Southeast Asia due to its distinct flavor metabolites. However, there is little genomic information available to understand the biosynthesis of its characteristic flavor compounds. Here, we present a high-quality chromosome-level genome of A. tsao-ko with a total length of 2.08 Gb assembled into 24 chromosomes. Potential relationships between genetic variation and chemical constituents were analyzed by a genome-wide association study of 119 representative A. tsao-ko specimens in China. Metabolome and transcriptome correlation analysis of different plant organs and fruit developmental stages revealed the proposed biosynthesis of the characteristic bicyclononane aldehydes and aromatic metabolites in A. tsao-ko fruit. Transcription factors of 20 families may be involved in the regulatory network of terpenoids. This study provides genomic and chemical insights into the biosynthesis of characteristic aroma and flavor constituents, which can be used to improve the quality of A. tsao-ko as food and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Taylan Morcol
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehman College and The Graduate Center, City University of New York, Bronx, New York, 10468, USA
| | - Weiyao Peng
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, Guangdong Engineering Research Centre for Modern Eco-Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Fan Quan
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, Guangdong Engineering Research Centre for Modern Eco-Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xinbo Luan
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, Guangdong Engineering Research Centre for Modern Eco-Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhenzhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, Guangdong Engineering Research Centre for Modern Eco-Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehman College and The Graduate Center, City University of New York, Bronx, New York, 10468, USA
| | - Yunsheng Cha
- Nujiang Green Spice Industry Research Institute, Lushui, Yunnan, 673100, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- Key lab of Southwestern Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs ,Yunnan Provincial Key Lab of Agricultural Biotechnology, Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650205, China
| | - Juncai He
- Nujiang Green Spice Industry Research Institute, Lushui, Yunnan, 673100, China
| | - Lianzhang Wu
- Nujiang Green Spice Industry Research Institute, Lushui, Yunnan, 673100, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Nujiang Green Spice Industry Research Institute, Lushui, Yunnan, 673100, China
| | - Edward J Kennelly
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehman College and The Graduate Center, City University of New York, Bronx, New York, 10468, USA
| | - Quan Yang
- Corresponding authors. E-mail: , , , ,
| | | | - Zepeng Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Tobacco Shaoguan Co. Ltd, Shaoguan, Guangdong, 512000, China
| | | | - Jian Hu
- Corresponding authors. E-mail: , , , ,
| | - Jian Yan
- Corresponding authors. E-mail: , , , ,
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8
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Petruncio G, Shellnutt Z, Elahi-Mohassel S, Alishetty S, Paige M. Skipped dienes in natural product synthesis. Nat Prod Rep 2021; 38:2187-2213. [PMID: 34913051 DOI: 10.1039/d1np00012h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Covering: 2000-2020The 1,4-diene motif, also known as a skipped diene, is widespread across various classes of natural products including alkaloids, fatty acids, terpenoids, and polyketides as part of either the finalized structure or a biosynthetic intermediate. The prevalence of this nonconjugated diene system in nature has resulted in numerous encounters in the total synthesis literature. However, skipped dienes have not been extensively reviewed, which could be attributed to overshadowing by the more recognized 1,3-diene system. In this review, we aim to highlight the relevance of skipped dienes in natural products through the lens of total synthesis. Subjects that will be covered include nomenclature, structural properties, prevalence in natural products, synthetic strategies and the future direction of the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greg Petruncio
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, George Mason University, 10920 George Mason Circle, Manassas, Virginia 20110, USA.
| | - Zachary Shellnutt
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, George Mason University, 10920 George Mason Circle, Manassas, Virginia 20110, USA.
| | - Synah Elahi-Mohassel
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, George Mason University, 10920 George Mason Circle, Manassas, Virginia 20110, USA.
| | - Suman Alishetty
- Department of Bioengineering, George Mason University, 10920 George Mason Circle, Manassas, Virginia 20110, USA
| | - Mikell Paige
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, George Mason University, 10920 George Mason Circle, Manassas, Virginia 20110, USA.
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9
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Xu H, Schotte C, Cox RJ, Dickschat JS. Stereochemical characterisation of the non-canonical α-humulene synthase from Acremonium strictum. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:8482-8486. [PMID: 34533184 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01769a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The non-canonical fungal α-humulene synthase was investigated through isotopic labelling experiments for its stereochemical course regarding inversion or retention at C-1, the face selectivity at C-11, and the stereoselectivity of the final deprotonation. A new and convenient desymmetrisation strategy was developed to enable a full stereochemical analysis of the catalysed steps to the achiral α-humulene product from stereoselectively labelled farnesyl diphosphate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houchao Xu
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Carsten Schotte
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Hannover, Schneiderberg 38, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Russell J Cox
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Hannover, Schneiderberg 38, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Jeroen S Dickschat
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
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10
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Schotte C, Lukat P, Deuschmann A, Blankenfeldt W, Cox RJ. Understanding and Engineering the Stereoselectivity of Humulene Synthase. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:20308-20312. [PMID: 34180566 PMCID: PMC8457177 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202106718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The non-canonical terpene cyclase AsR6 is responsible for the formation of 2E,6E,9E-humulene during the biosynthesis of the tropolone sesquiterpenoid (TS) xenovulene A. The structures of unliganded AsR6 and of AsR6 in complex with an in crystallo cyclized reaction product and thiolodiphosphate reveal a new farnesyl diphosphate binding motif that comprises a unique binuclear Mg2+ -cluster and an essential K289 residue that is conserved in all humulene synthases involved in TS formation. Structure-based site-directed mutagenesis of AsR6 and its homologue EupR3 identify a single residue, L285/M261, that controls the production of either 2E,6E,9E- or 2Z,6E,9E-humulene. A possible mechanism for the observed stereoselectivity was investigated using different isoprenoid precursors and results demonstrate that M261 has gatekeeping control over product formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Schotte
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and BMWZLeibniz Universität HannoverSchneiderberg 3830167HannoverGermany
| | - Peer Lukat
- Structure and Function of ProteinsHelmholtz Centre for Infection ResearchInhoffenstr. 738124BraunschweigGermany
| | - Adrian Deuschmann
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and BMWZLeibniz Universität HannoverSchneiderberg 3830167HannoverGermany
| | - Wulf Blankenfeldt
- Structure and Function of ProteinsHelmholtz Centre for Infection ResearchInhoffenstr. 738124BraunschweigGermany
- Institute for Biochemistry, Biotechnology and BioinformaticsTechnische Universität BraunschweigSpielmannstr. 738106BraunschweigGermany
| | - Russell J. Cox
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and BMWZLeibniz Universität HannoverSchneiderberg 3830167HannoverGermany
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Schotte C, Lukat P, Deuschmann A, Blankenfeldt W, Cox RJ. Untersuchungen zum Verständnis und zur Kontrolle der Stereoselektivität der Humulen‐Synthase. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202106718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Schotte
- Institut für Organische Chemie und BMWZ Leibniz Universität Hannover Schneiderberg 38 30167 Hannover Deutschland
| | - Peer Lukat
- Structure and Function of Proteins Helmholtz Zentrum für Infektionsforschung Inhoffenstr. 7 38124 Braunschweig Deutschland
| | - Adrian Deuschmann
- Institut für Organische Chemie und BMWZ Leibniz Universität Hannover Schneiderberg 38 30167 Hannover Deutschland
| | - Wulf Blankenfeldt
- Structure and Function of Proteins Helmholtz Zentrum für Infektionsforschung Inhoffenstr. 7 38124 Braunschweig Deutschland
- Institut für Biochemie, Biotechnologie und Bioinformatik Technische Universität Braunschweig Spielmannstr. 7 38106 Braunschweig Deutschland
| | - Russell J. Cox
- Institut für Organische Chemie und BMWZ Leibniz Universität Hannover Schneiderberg 38 30167 Hannover Deutschland
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12
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Transcriptome sequencing and functional characterization of new sesquiterpene synthases from Curcuma wenyujin. Arch Biochem Biophys 2021; 709:108986. [PMID: 34252391 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2021.108986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Tubers of Curcuma wenyujin are rich in essential oils, mainly various sesquiterpenes, showing antibacterial, anti-viral and anti-tumor effects. However, the molecular mechanism of C. wenyujin is deficient and related sesquiterpene synthases are still unclear. In this study, the transcriptome data of tubers and leaves from C. wenyujin were obtained and assembled into 78 092 unigenes. Of them, 244 unigenes were predicted to be involved in terpenoid biosynthesis while 131 unigenes were categorized as the "Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis" (TBB) term. Twenty-two unigenes possessed terpene synthase domain; five were predicted to be sesquiterpene synthases. Of the 208 unigenes annotated as cytochromes P450, 8 unigenes with full-length coding sequences were part of the CYP71 clade that primarily may perform hydroxylations of specialized metabolites. Furthermore, Ten DEGs related to the C5 precursor supply and sesquiterpene synthesis were validated by Real-time PCR; that showed a close correspondence with transcriptome sequence. A novel germacrene B synthase (CwGBS) and α-santalene synthase (CwSS) were identified in metabolically engineering E. coli. This study provided the first de novo transcriptome comparative analysis of leaf and tuber tissues from C. wenyujin, aiming to understand genetic mechanisms. Key genes involved in the biosynthesis of sesquiterpene will help for revealing the underlying mechanisms of C. wenyujin.
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13
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Radulović NS, Filipović SI, Nešić MS, Stojanović NM, Mitić KV, Mladenović MZ, Ranđelović VN. Immunomodulatory Constituents of Conocephalum conicum (Snake Liverwort) and the Relationship of Isolepidozenes to Germacranes and Humulanes. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:3554-3563. [PMID: 33264011 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c00585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Structural elucidation of three new sesquiterpenoids, namely, (1Z,4E)-lepidoza-1(10),4-dien-14-ol (1), rel-(1(10)Z,4S,5E,7R)-germacra-1(10),6 diene-11,14-diol (2), and rel-(1(10)Z,4S,5E,7R)-humula-1(10),5-diene-7,14-diol (3), isolated from the liverwort Conocephalum conicum, was accomplished by a combination of extensive NMR experiments, 1H NMR simulation, and other means. Additionally, the change of the identity of bicyclogermacren-14-al, previously reported as a C. conicum constituent, to isolepidozen-14-al is proposed. Compounds 2 and 3 appear to be related to 1 via hydration involving a shared intermediate, a substituted cyclopropylmethyl cation, formed by a highly regio- and stereoselective protonation of 1, followed by a stereospecific fission of the three-membered ring. In other words, an isolepidozene derivative might be a branchpoint to humulanes and germacranes; this transformation could be of, up to now, unknown, biosynthetic and/or synthetic relevance. Multivariate statistical analysis of the compositional data of C. conicum extract constituents was used to probe the hypothesized biochemical relations. The immunomodulatory effect of 1-3 and conocephalenol (4) was evaluated in an in vitro model on both nonstimulated and mitogen-stimulated rat splenocytes. The compounds displayed varying degrees of cytotoxicity to nonstimulated splenocytes, whereas 2 and 3 were found to exert immunosuppressive effects on concanavalin A-stimulated splenocytes while not being cytotoxic at the same concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niko S Radulović
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Sonja I Filipović
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Milan S Nešić
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Nikola M Stojanović
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Katarina V Mitić
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Marko Z Mladenović
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Vladimir N Ranđelović
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia
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14
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Veena KS, Gopalan G, Madhukrishnan M, Varughese S, Radhakrishnan KV, Lankalapalli RS. Putative Biomimetic Route to 8-Oxabicyclo[3.2.1]octane Motif from a Humulene Sesquiterpenoid Zerumbone. Org Lett 2020; 22:6409-6413. [PMID: 32806166 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An approach to expand the diversity of terpenes to novel polycyclic skeletons with contiguous stereogenic centers is described. An unprecedented 8-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]octane motif was obtained in quantitative yield by photoirradiation of zerumbone in the presence of a catalytic amount of Lewis acid. The vital role of light in the isomerization of double bonds in zerumbone, which ensued cyclization via tertiary carbocation intermediate, emulates a biosynthetic route. Synthetic diversification of the phototransformed product afforded epoxy derivatives with up to seven contiguous stereogenic centers and eight-member ring fused tricyclic motifs. The present work sheds light on the possible role of UV irradiation in the biosynthesis of oxo-bridged tricyclic structures from polyene terpenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kollery S Veena
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram-695019, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Greeshma Gopalan
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram-695019, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Murali Madhukrishnan
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram-695019, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Sunil Varughese
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram-695019, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Kokkuvayil Vasu Radhakrishnan
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram-695019, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Ravi S Lankalapalli
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram-695019, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
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15
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Eiben CB, de Rond T, Bloszies C, Gin J, Chiniquy J, Baidoo EEK, Petzold CJ, Hillson NJ, Fiehn O, Keasling JD. Mevalonate Pathway Promiscuity Enables Noncanonical Terpene Production. ACS Synth Biol 2019; 8:2238-2247. [PMID: 31576747 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.9b00230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths) make the six-carbon compounds homoisopentenyl pyrophosphate (HIPP) and homodimethylallyl pyrophosphate (HDMAPP) that are incorporated into 16, 17, and 18 carbon farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) analogues. In this work we heterologously expressed the lepidopteran modified mevalonate pathway, a propionyl-CoA ligase, and terpene cyclases in E. coli to produce several novel terpenes containing 16 carbons. Changing the terpene cyclase generated different novel terpene product profiles. To further validate the new compounds we confirmed 13C propionate was incorporated, and that the masses and fragmentation patterns were consistent with novel 16 carbon terpenes by GC-QTOF. On the basis of the available farnesyl pyrophosphate analogues lepidoptera produce, this approach should greatly expand the reachable biochemical space with applications in areas where terpenes have traditionally found uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher B. Eiben
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Tristan de Rond
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Clayton Bloszies
- National Institute of Health West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Jennifer Gin
- Department of Energy Joint BioEnergy Institute, 5885 Hollis Street, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94270, United States
- Department of Energy Agile BioFoundry, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - Jennifer Chiniquy
- Department of Energy Joint BioEnergy Institute, 5885 Hollis Street, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94270, United States
- Department of Energy Agile BioFoundry, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - Edward E. K. Baidoo
- Department of Energy Joint BioEnergy Institute, 5885 Hollis Street, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94270, United States
- Department of Energy Agile BioFoundry, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - Christopher J. Petzold
- Department of Energy Joint BioEnergy Institute, 5885 Hollis Street, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94270, United States
- Department of Energy Agile BioFoundry, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - Nathan J. Hillson
- Department of Energy Joint BioEnergy Institute, 5885 Hollis Street, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94270, United States
- Department of Energy Agile BioFoundry, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - Oliver Fiehn
- National Institute of Health West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Jay D. Keasling
- Department of Energy Joint BioEnergy Institute, 5885 Hollis Street, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94270, United States
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Hørsholm, Denmark
- Center for Synthetic Biochemistry, Institute for Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes for Advanced Technologies, Shenzhen, China
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16
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Chen H, Yue Y, Yu R, Fan Y. A Hedychium coronarium short chain alcohol dehydrogenase is a player in allo-ocimene biosynthesis. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 101:297-313. [PMID: 31368003 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-019-00904-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
An enzyme is crucial for the formation of Hedychium coronarium scent and defense responses, which may be responsible for the biosynthesis of allo-ocimene in H. coronarium. Hedychium coronarium can emit a strong scent as its main scent constituents are monoterpenes and their derivatives. Among these derivatives, allo-ocimene is not only a very important volatile substance in flower aroma, but is also crucial to plant defense. However, the molecular mechanism of allo-ocimene biosynthesis has not been characterized in plants. In this study, a new alcohol dehydrogenase gene, HcADH, was cloned. The amino acid sequences encoded by HcADH contained the most conserved motifs of short chain alcohol dehydrogenase/reductases (SDRs), which included NAD+ binding domain, TGxxx[AG]xG and active site YxxxK. Real-time PCR analyses showed that the HcADH was highly expressed in the outer labellum but was almost undetectable in vegetative organs. The change in its expression level in petals was positively correlated with the emission pattern of allo-ocimene during flower development. HcADH expression coincides also the release level of allo-ocimene among different Hedychium species. Although HcADH is not expressed in the leaves, HcADH expression and allo-ocimene release in leaves can be induced by mechanical wounding or methyl jasmonate (MeJA) treatment. In addition, the expression of HcADH induced by mechanical wounding can be prevented by acetylsalicylic acid, a jasmonic acid biosynthesis inhibitor, suggesting that jasmonic acid might participate in the transmission of wounding signals. Using the Barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV)-VIGS method, it was found that BSMV:HcADH335 inoculation was able to down-regulate HcADH expression, decreasing only the release of allo-ocimene in flowers while the content of other volatile substances did not decrese. In vitro characterization showed that recombinant HcADH can catalyze geraniol into citral, and citral is an intermediate of allo-ocimene biosynthesis. HcADH may be responsible for the biosynthesis of allo-ocimene in H. coronarium, which is crucial for the formation of H. coronarium scent and defense function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Chen
- Department of Landscape Architecture, College of Life Science, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing Avenue, Duanzhou District, Zhaoqing, 526061, China
| | - Yuechong Yue
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Rangcai Yu
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yanping Fan
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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17
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Astorkia M, Hernandez M, Bocs S, Lopez de Armentia E, Herran A, Ponce K, León O, Morales S, Quezada N, Orellana F, Wendra F, Sembiring Z, Asmono D, Ritter E. Association Mapping Between Candidate Gene SNP and Production and Oil Quality Traits in Interspecific Oil Palm Hybrids. PLANTS 2019; 8:plants8100377. [PMID: 31561627 PMCID: PMC6843369 DOI: 10.3390/plants8100377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Oil palm production is gaining importance in Central and South America. However, the main species Elaeis guineensis (Eg) is suffering severely from bud rod disease, restricting the potential cultivation areas. Therefore, breeding companies have started to work with interspecific Elaeis oleifera × Eg (Eo × Eg) hybrids which are tolerant to this disease. We performed association studies between candidate gene (CG) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and six production and 19 oil quality traits in 198 accessions of interspecific oil palm hybrids from five different origins. For this purpose, barcoded amplicons of initially 167 CG were produced from each genotype and sequenced with Ion Torrent. After sequence cleaning 115 SNP remained targeting 62 CG. The influence of the origins on the different traits was analyzed and a genetic diversity study was performed. Two generalized linear models (GLM) with principle component analysis (PCA) or structure (Q) matrixes as covariates and two mixed linear models (MLM) which included in addition a Kinship (K) matrix were applied for association mapping using GAPIT. False discovery rate (FDR) multiple testing corrections were applied in order to avoid Type I errors. However, with FDR adjusted p values no significant associations between SNP and traits were detected. If using unadjusted p values below 0.05, seven of the studied CG showed potential associations with production traits, while 23 CG may influence different quality traits. Under these conditions the current approach and the detected candidate genes could be exploited for selecting genotypes with superior CG alleles in Marker Assisted Selection systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maider Astorkia
- NEIKER Tecnalia, Campus Agroalimentario de Arkaute, Apdo 46. 01080 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (M.H.); (E.L.d.A.); (A.H.); (E.R.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Mónica Hernandez
- NEIKER Tecnalia, Campus Agroalimentario de Arkaute, Apdo 46. 01080 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (M.H.); (E.L.d.A.); (A.H.); (E.R.)
| | - Stéphanie Bocs
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP, F-34398 Montpellier, France;
- AGAP, CIRAD, Univ Montpellier, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, F-34398 Montpellier, France
- South Green Bioinformatics Platform, Bioversity, CIRAD, INRA, IRD, F-34398 Montpellier, France
| | - Emma Lopez de Armentia
- NEIKER Tecnalia, Campus Agroalimentario de Arkaute, Apdo 46. 01080 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (M.H.); (E.L.d.A.); (A.H.); (E.R.)
| | - Ana Herran
- NEIKER Tecnalia, Campus Agroalimentario de Arkaute, Apdo 46. 01080 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (M.H.); (E.L.d.A.); (A.H.); (E.R.)
| | - Kevin Ponce
- La Fabril SA, km 5.5 via Manta–Montecristi, Avenida 113, 130902 Manta, Ecuador; (K.P.); (S.M.); (N.Q.)
| | - Olga León
- Energy & Palma SA, Av. Atahualpa E3-49 y Juan Gonzales, Ed. Fundación Pérez Pallarez, Officina 4ª, Quito 170507, Ecuador; (O.L.); (F.O.)
| | - Shone Morales
- La Fabril SA, km 5.5 via Manta–Montecristi, Avenida 113, 130902 Manta, Ecuador; (K.P.); (S.M.); (N.Q.)
| | - Nathalie Quezada
- La Fabril SA, km 5.5 via Manta–Montecristi, Avenida 113, 130902 Manta, Ecuador; (K.P.); (S.M.); (N.Q.)
| | - Francisco Orellana
- Energy & Palma SA, Av. Atahualpa E3-49 y Juan Gonzales, Ed. Fundación Pérez Pallarez, Officina 4ª, Quito 170507, Ecuador; (O.L.); (F.O.)
| | - Fahmi Wendra
- Department of Research & Development, PT Sampoerna Agro Tbk., Jl. Basuki Rahmat No. 788 Palembang 30127, Indonesia; (F.W.); (Z.S.); (D.A.)
| | - Zulhermana Sembiring
- Department of Research & Development, PT Sampoerna Agro Tbk., Jl. Basuki Rahmat No. 788 Palembang 30127, Indonesia; (F.W.); (Z.S.); (D.A.)
| | - Dwi Asmono
- Department of Research & Development, PT Sampoerna Agro Tbk., Jl. Basuki Rahmat No. 788 Palembang 30127, Indonesia; (F.W.); (Z.S.); (D.A.)
| | - Enrique Ritter
- NEIKER Tecnalia, Campus Agroalimentario de Arkaute, Apdo 46. 01080 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (M.H.); (E.L.d.A.); (A.H.); (E.R.)
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Abstract
Plants produce a diverse portfolio of sesquiterpenes that are important in their response to herbivores and the interaction with other plants. Their biosynthesis from farnesyl diphosphate depends on the sesquiterpene synthases that admit different cyclizations and rearrangements to yield a blend of sesquiterpenes. Here, we investigate to what extent sesquiterpene biosynthesis metabolic pathways can be reconstructed just from the knowledge of the final product and the reaction mechanisms catalyzed by sesquiterpene synthases. We use the software package MedØlDatschgerl (MØD) to generate chemical networks and to elucidate pathways contained in them. As examples, we successfully consider the reachability of the important plant sesquiterpenes β -caryophyllene, α -humulene, and β -farnesene. We also introduce a graph database to integrate the simulation results with experimental biological evidence for the selected predicted sesquiterpenes biosynthesis.
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19
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Zhang C, Liu J, Zhao F, Lu C, Zhao GR, Lu W. Production of sesquiterpenoid zerumbone from metabolic engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Metab Eng 2018; 49:28-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2018.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Hattan JI, Shindo K, Sasaki T, Ohno F, Tokuda H, Ishikawa K, Misawa N. Identification of novel sesquiterpene synthase genes that mediate the biosynthesis of valerianol, which was an unknown ingredient of tea. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12474. [PMID: 30127518 PMCID: PMC6102311 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30653-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Seven cDNA clones encoding terpene synthases (TPSs), their structures closely related to each other, were isolated from the flower of Camellia hiemalis (‘Kantsubaki’). Their putative TPS proteins were phylogenetically positioned in a sole clade with the TPSs of other Camellia species. The obtained Tps genes, one of which was designated ChTps1 (ChTps1a), were introduced into mevalonate-pathway-engineered Escherichia coli, which carried the genes for utilizing acetoacetate as a substrate, and cultured in a medium including lithium acetoacetate. Volatile products generated in the E. coli cells transformed with ChTps1 were purified from the cell suspension culture, and analyzed by NMR. Consequently, the predominant product with ChTPS1 was identified as valerianol, indicating that the ChTps1 gene codes for valerianol synthase. This is the first report on a gene that can mediate the synthesis of valerianol. We next synthesized a Tps ortholog encoding ChTPS1variant R477H (named CsiTPS8), whose sequence had been isolated from a tea tree (Camellia sinensis), carried out similar culture experiment with the E. coli transformant including CsiTps8, and consequently found valerianol production equally. Furthermore, GC-MS analysis of several teas revealed that valerianol had been an unknown ingredient in green tea and black tea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Ichiro Hattan
- Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology, Ishikawa Prefectural University, 1-308 Suematsu, Nonoichi-shi, Ishikawa, 921-8836, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Shindo
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Japan Women's University, 2-8-1 Mejirodai, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8681, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Sasaki
- Industrial Research Institute of Ishikawa, 2-1 Kuratsuki, Kanazawa-shi, Ishikawa, 920-8203, Japan
| | - Fumina Ohno
- Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology, Ishikawa Prefectural University, 1-308 Suematsu, Nonoichi-shi, Ishikawa, 921-8836, Japan
| | - Harukuni Tokuda
- Department of Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Clinical R&D, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa-shi, Ishikawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Ishikawa
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-8-31 Midorigaoka, Ikeda-shi, Osaka, 563-8577, Japan
| | - Norihiko Misawa
- Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology, Ishikawa Prefectural University, 1-308 Suematsu, Nonoichi-shi, Ishikawa, 921-8836, Japan.
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Rusdi NA, Goh HH, Sabri S, Ramzi AB, Mohd Noor N, Baharum SN. Functional Characterisation of New Sesquiterpene Synthase from the Malaysian Herbal Plant, Polygonum Minus. Molecules 2018; 23:E1370. [PMID: 29882808 PMCID: PMC6100370 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23061370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Polygonum minus (syn. Persicaria minor) is a herbal plant that is well known for producing sesquiterpenes, which contribute to its flavour and fragrance. This study describes the cloning and functional characterisation of PmSTPS1 and PmSTPS2, two sesquiterpene synthase genes that were identified from P. minus transcriptome data mining. The full-length sequences of the PmSTPS1 and PmSTPS2 genes were expressed in the E. coli pQE-2 expression vector. The sizes of PmSTPS1 and PmSTPS2 were 1098 bp and 1967 bp, respectively, with open reading frames (ORF) of 1047 and 1695 bp and encoding polypeptides of 348 and 564 amino acids, respectively. The proteins consist of three conserved motifs, namely, Asp-rich substrate binding (DDxxD), metal binding residues (NSE/DTE), and cytoplasmic ER retention (RxR), as well as the terpene synthase family N-terminal domain and C-terminal metal-binding domain. From the in vitro enzyme assays, using the farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) substrate, the PmSTPS1 enzyme produced multiple acyclic sesquiterpenes of β-farnesene, α-farnesene, and farnesol, while the PmSTPS2 enzyme produced an additional nerolidol as a final product. The results confirmed the roles of PmSTPS1 and PmSTPS2 in the biosynthesis pathway of P. minus, to produce aromatic sesquiterpenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nor Azizun Rusdi
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600 UKM, Selangor, Malaysia.
- Institutes for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia.
| | - Hoe-Han Goh
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600 UKM, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Suriana Sabri
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Center, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Malaysia.
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Malaysia.
| | - Ahmad Bazli Ramzi
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600 UKM, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Normah Mohd Noor
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600 UKM, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Syarul Nataqain Baharum
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600 UKM, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Three previously unrecognised classes of biosynthetic enzymes revealed during the production of xenovulene A. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1963. [PMID: 29773797 PMCID: PMC5958101 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04364-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Xenovulene A is a complex fungal meroterpenoid, produced by the organism hitherto known as Acremonium strictum IMI 501407, for which limited biosynthetic evidence exists. Here, we generate a draft genome and show that the producing organism is previously unknown and should be renamed as Sarocladium schorii. A biosynthetic gene cluster is discovered which bears resemblance to those involved in the biosynthesis of fungal tropolones, with additional genes of unknown function. Heterologous reconstruction of the entire pathway in Aspergillus oryzae allows the chemical steps of biosynthesis to be dissected. The pathway shows very limited similarity to the biosynthesis of other fungal meroterpenoids. The pathway features: the initial formation of tropolone intermediates; the likely involvement of a hetero Diels–Alder enzyme; a terpene cyclase with no significant sequence homology to any known terpene cyclase and two enzymes catalysing oxidative-ring contractions. Xenovulene A is a fungal compound that has the potential to be used as an antidepressant. Here, the authors unravel the pathway leading to its formation in fungi and discover a new class of enzymes, which accounts for some unusual chemistry in the synthesis of xenovulene.
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Krieg T, Sydow A, Faust S, Huth I, Holtmann D. CO 2 to Terpenes: Autotrophic and Electroautotrophic α-Humulene Production with Cupriavidus necator. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:1879-1882. [PMID: 29232490 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201711302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We show that CO2 can be converted by an engineered "Knallgas" bacterium (Cupriavidus necator) into the terpene α-humulene. Heterologous expression of the mevalonate pathway and α-humulene synthase resulted in the production of approximately 10 mg α-humulene per gram cell dry mass (CDW) under heterotrophic conditions. This first example of chemolithoautotrophic production of a terpene from carbon dioxide, hydrogen, and oxygen is a promising starting point for the production of different high-value terpene compounds from abundant and simple raw materials. Furthermore, the production system was used to produce 17 mg α-humulene per gram CDW from CO2 and electrical energy in microbial electrosynthesis (MES) mode. Given that the system can convert CO2 by using electrical energy from solar energy, it opens a new route to artificial photosynthetic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Krieg
- Industrial Biotechnology, DECHEMA-Forschungsinstitut, Theodor-Heuss-Allee 25, 60486, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Anne Sydow
- Industrial Biotechnology, DECHEMA-Forschungsinstitut, Theodor-Heuss-Allee 25, 60486, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sonja Faust
- Industrial Biotechnology, DECHEMA-Forschungsinstitut, Theodor-Heuss-Allee 25, 60486, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ina Huth
- Industrial Biotechnology, DECHEMA-Forschungsinstitut, Theodor-Heuss-Allee 25, 60486, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Dirk Holtmann
- Industrial Biotechnology, DECHEMA-Forschungsinstitut, Theodor-Heuss-Allee 25, 60486, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Krieg T, Sydow A, Faust S, Huth I, Holtmann D. CO2to Terpenes: Autotrophic and Electroautotrophic α-Humulene Production withCupriavidus necator. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201711302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Krieg
- Industrial Biotechnology; DECHEMA-Forschungsinstitut; Theodor-Heuss-Allee 25 60486 Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Anne Sydow
- Industrial Biotechnology; DECHEMA-Forschungsinstitut; Theodor-Heuss-Allee 25 60486 Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Sonja Faust
- Industrial Biotechnology; DECHEMA-Forschungsinstitut; Theodor-Heuss-Allee 25 60486 Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Ina Huth
- Industrial Biotechnology; DECHEMA-Forschungsinstitut; Theodor-Heuss-Allee 25 60486 Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Dirk Holtmann
- Industrial Biotechnology; DECHEMA-Forschungsinstitut; Theodor-Heuss-Allee 25 60486 Frankfurt am Main Germany
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25
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Hattan JI, Shindo K, Sasaki T, Misawa N. Isolation and Functional Characterization of New Terpene Synthase Genes from Traditional Edible Plants. J Oleo Sci 2018; 67:1235-1246. [DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess18163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-ichiro Hattan
- Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology, Ishikawa Prefectural University
| | | | | | - Norihiko Misawa
- Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology, Ishikawa Prefectural University
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Shindo K. A modern purification method for volatile sesquiterpenes produced by recombinant Escherichia coli carrying terpene synthase genes. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2017; 82:935-939. [PMID: 29191086 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2017.1403882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Most volatile sesquiterpenes had been purified from plants using distillation and preparative gas chromatography, which is not applicable to many laboratories that do not possess a needed facility. Thus, this review focuses on a modern purification method for volatile sesquiterpenes using Escherichia coli cells that functionally express terpene synthase (Tps) genes. It was recently developed that recombinant E. coli cells carrying Tps genes were cultured in two-layer media (n-octane/TB medium) without harming the cells, and the volatile hydrophobic compounds trapped in the n-octane were purified by two-phase partition (alkane/alkaline 50% MeOH), silica gel column chromatography, and reversed-phase preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (if necessary). Consequently, it was found that the volatile sesquiterpenes are easily purified, the structures of which can then be determined by nuclear magnetic resonance, [α]D and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses. The antioxidant activities of several volatile sesquiterpenes are also presented in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazutoshi Shindo
- a Department of Food and Nutrition , Japan Women's University , Tokyo , Japan
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27
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Shindo K, Hattan JI, Kato M, Sato M, Ito T, Shibuya Y, Watanabe A, Sugiyama M, Nakamura Y, Misawa N. Purification and structural analysis of volatile sesquiterpenes produced by Escherichia coli carrying unidentified terpene synthase genes from edible plants of the family Araliaceae. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2017; 82:978-985. [PMID: 29161962 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2017.1386085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A simple method to purify volatile sesquiterpenes from recombinant Escherichia coli was developed using the cells that carried known sesquiterpene synthase (Tps) genes ZzZss2 (ZSS2) and ZoTps1. This method was applied for the purification and structural analyses of volatile sesquiterpenes produced by E. coli cells that carried unidentified Tps genes, which were isolated from the Aralia-genus edible plants belonging to the family Araliaceae. Recombinant cells carrying each Tps gene were cultured in the two-layer medium (n-octane/TB medium), and volatile sesquiterpenes trapped in n-octane were purified through two-phase partition, silica gel column chromatography, and reversed-phase preparative high-performance liquid chromatography, if necessary. Further, their structures were confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance, [α]D, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses. Herein, the products of E. coli cells that carried two Tps gene (named AcTps1 and AcTps2) in Araria cordata "Udo" and a Tps gene (named AeTps1) in Aralia elata "Taranoki" were studied resulting in identifying functionalities of these cryptic Tps genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazutoshi Shindo
- a Department of Food and Nutrition , Japan Women's University , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Jun-Ichiro Hattan
- b Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology , Ishikawa Prefectural University , Ishikawa , Japan
| | - Mariko Kato
- a Department of Food and Nutrition , Japan Women's University , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Miho Sato
- a Department of Food and Nutrition , Japan Women's University , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Tomoko Ito
- a Department of Food and Nutrition , Japan Women's University , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Yurika Shibuya
- a Department of Food and Nutrition , Japan Women's University , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Arisa Watanabe
- a Department of Food and Nutrition , Japan Women's University , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Maki Sugiyama
- a Department of Food and Nutrition , Japan Women's University , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Yuri Nakamura
- a Department of Food and Nutrition , Japan Women's University , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Norihiko Misawa
- b Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology , Ishikawa Prefectural University , Ishikawa , Japan
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Alemdar S, König JC, Hartwig S, Frister T, Scheper T, Beutel S. Bioproduction of α-humulene in metabolically engineered Escherichia coli and application in zerumbone synthesis. Eng Life Sci 2017; 17:900-907. [PMID: 32624838 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201700043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Zerumbone is a sesquiterpene ketone with potent anti-cancerogenic activities, produced in several ginger species of the Zingiberaceae familiy. We have investigated the biotechnological production of α-humulene, a precursor of zerumbone. By implementing a heterologous mevalonate pathway in combination with the α-humulene synthase expression, we effectively synthesized α-humulene from glucose in Escherichia coli. In this study, we developed a practical and efficient in situ separation method for α-humulene by comparison of extractive and adsorptive strategies. By the in situ adsorption of the product to the hydrophobic resin Amberlite® XAD4 we were able to increase α-humulene yield by 2310% to 60.2 mg/L. Furthermore we present an easy applicable, short subsequent chemical process for the conversion of α-humulene to zerumbone by using transition metal catalysis. To reduce process steps, the chemical reaction was carried out in the same solvent as the eluting solvent that was used to elute α-humulene from the adsorbent resin. By allylic oxidation of α-humulene with manganeseII chloride as a catalyst and tert.-butylhydroperoxide as an oxidizing agent we were able to synthetize zerumbone with a selectivity of 51.6%. Product and byproducts of the oxidation reaction were identified by GC-MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Semra Alemdar
- Leibniz University Hannover Institute of Technical Chemistry Hannover Germany
| | - Jan C König
- Leibniz University Hannover Institute of Technical Chemistry Hannover Germany
| | - Steffen Hartwig
- Leibniz University Hannover Institute of Technical Chemistry Hannover Germany
| | - Thore Frister
- Leibniz University Hannover Institute of Technical Chemistry Hannover Germany
| | - Thomas Scheper
- Leibniz University Hannover Institute of Technical Chemistry Hannover Germany
| | - Sascha Beutel
- Leibniz University Hannover Institute of Technical Chemistry Hannover Germany
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Yoon SJ, Sukweenadhi J, Khorolragchaa A, Mathiyalagan R, Subramaniyam S, Kim YJ, Kim HB, Kim MJ, Kim YJ, Yang DC. Overexpression of Panax ginseng sesquiterpene synthase gene confers tolerance against Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato in Arabidopsis thaliana. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 22:485-495. [PMID: 27924121 PMCID: PMC5120041 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-016-0384-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Sesquiterpenes are an abundant group belonging to the terpenoid family, with a C15 structure comprise of three isoprene units. Many sesquiterpenes are volatile compounds and it act as chemical messenger in plant signalling, particularly in the defense mechanism against biotic and abiotic stresses. Panax ginseng Meyer is important medicinal herbs with various reported pharmacological efficacies in which its triterpenoid saponins, called ginsenosides, were mostly studied. However, there have been few studies on volatile sesquiterpenes compounds regulation on P. ginseng. As slow-growing perennial plant, P. ginseng received many kind of stresses during its cultivation. The pathogen attack is one of the most devastated perturbation for ginseng yield. Thus, we aimed to analyze P. ginseng STS gene (PgSTS) expressions in ginseng organs as well as mono-, sesquiterpenes contents from ginseng seedlings treated with elicitors. qRT-PCR and GC-MS analysis showed that two elicitors- salicylic acid (SA) and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) triggered PgSTS expression at different time points and significantly induced mono-, sesquiterpene yield. Overexpression of PgSTS in Arabidopsis also induced high terpene content and conferred tolerance against Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato infection. These results suggested that PgSTS transcripts are involved in terpenoid biosynthesis in response to environmental stress mediated by MeJA and SA elicitors; thus, generate tolerance against pathogen attack.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Joo Yoon
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 449-701 Korea
| | - Johan Sukweenadhi
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 446- 701 Korea
| | - Altanzul Khorolragchaa
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 449-701 Korea
| | - Ramya Mathiyalagan
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 446- 701 Korea
| | - Sathiyamoorthy Subramaniyam
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 449-701 Korea
| | - Yeon-Ju Kim
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 449-701 Korea
| | - Ho-Bin Kim
- Woongjin Foods Co., Ltd., JEI-PLATZ, 186, Gasan Digital 1-ro, Room 201, Gemcheon-gu, Seoul, 153-792 Korea
| | - Mi-Jung Kim
- Woongjin Foods Co., Ltd., JEI-PLATZ, 186, Gasan Digital 1-ro, Room 201, Gemcheon-gu, Seoul, 153-792 Korea
| | - Yu-Jin Kim
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 449-701 Korea
| | - Deok-Chun Yang
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 449-701 Korea
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 446- 701 Korea
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30
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Kumeta Y, Ito M. Characterization of α-humulene synthases responsible for the production of sesquiterpenes induced by methyl jasmonate in Aquilaria cell culture. J Nat Med 2016. [PMID: 27180085 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-016-0999-8#citeas] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
The resinous portions of Aquilaria and Gyrinops plants are known as 'agarwood' and have a distinctive fragrance. To examine the biosynthesis of these fragrant compounds, we previously established cell cultures of Aquilaria crassna in which the production of three sesquiterpenes (α-guaiene, α-humulene, and δ-guaiene) could be induced by methyl jasmonate (MJ), and showed that cloned δ-guaiene synthase from MJ-treated cells is involved in the synthesis of these three compounds, although only very small amounts of α-humulene are produced. In the present study, cDNAs encoding α-humulene synthases were also isolated. Three putative sesquiterpene synthase clones (AcHS1-3) isolated from the MJ-treated cells had very similar amino acid sequences and shared 52 % identity with δ-guaiene synthases. The recombinant enzymes catalyzed the formation of α-humulene as a major product. Expression of transcripts of the α-humulene synthase and δ-guaiene synthase genes in cultured cells increased after treatment with MJ. These results revealed that these α-humulene and δ-guaiene synthases are involved in the synthesis of three sesquiterpenes induced by MJ treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukie Kumeta
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Michiho Ito
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
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31
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Characterization of α-humulene synthases responsible for the production of sesquiterpenes induced by methyl jasmonate in Aquilaria cell culture. J Nat Med 2016; 70:452-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s11418-016-0999-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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32
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Koga AY, Beltrame FL, Pereira AV. Several aspects of Zingiber zerumbet: a review. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2016.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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33
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Hattan JI, Shindo K, Ito T, Shibuya Y, Watanabe A, Tagaki C, Ohno F, Sasaki T, Ishii J, Kondo A, Misawa N. Identification of a novel hedycaryol synthase gene isolated from Camellia brevistyla flowers and floral scent of Camellia cultivars. PLANTA 2016; 243:959-72. [PMID: 26744017 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-015-2454-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
A novel terpene synthase (Tps) gene isolated from Camellia brevistyla was identified as hedycaryol synthase, which was shown to be expressed specifically in flowers. Camellia plants are very popular because they bloom in winter when other plants seldom flower. Many ornamental cultivars of Camellia have been bred mainly in Japan, although the fragrance of their flowers has not been studied extensively. We analyzed floral scents of several Camellia cultivars by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and found that Camellia brevistyla produced various sesquiterpenes in addition to monoterpenes, whereas Camellia japonica and its cross-lines produced only monoterpenes, including linalool as the main product. From a flower of C. brevistyla, we isolated one cDNA encoding a terpene synthase (TPS) comprised of 554 amino acids, which was phylogenetically positioned to a sole gene clade. The cDNA, designated CbTps1, was expressed in mevalonate-pathway-engineered Escherichia coli, which carried the Streptomyces mevalonate-pathway gene cluster in addition to the acetoacetate-CoA ligase gene. A terpene product was purified from recombinant E. coli cultured with lithium acetoacetate, and analyzed by (1)H-nulcear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H-NMR) and GC-MS. It was shown that a sesquiterpene hedycaryol was produced, because (1)H-NMR signals of the purified product were very broad, and elemol, a thermal rearrangement product from hedycaryol, was identified by GC-MS analysis. Spectroscopic data of elemol were also determined. These results indicated that the CbTps1 gene encodes hedycaryol synthase. Expression analysis of CbTps1 showed that it was expressed specifically in flowers, and hedycaryol is likely to be one of the terpenes that attract insects for pollination of C. brevistyla. A linalool synthase gene, which was isolated from a flower of Camellia saluenensis, is also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-ichiro Hattan
- Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology, Ishikawa Prefectural University, 1-308 Suematsu, Nonoichi, Ishikawa, 921-8836, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Shindo
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Japan Women's University, 2-8-1 Mejirodai, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8681, Japan
| | - Tomoko Ito
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Japan Women's University, 2-8-1 Mejirodai, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8681, Japan
| | - Yurica Shibuya
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Japan Women's University, 2-8-1 Mejirodai, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8681, Japan
| | - Arisa Watanabe
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Japan Women's University, 2-8-1 Mejirodai, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8681, Japan
| | - Chie Tagaki
- Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology, Ishikawa Prefectural University, 1-308 Suematsu, Nonoichi, Ishikawa, 921-8836, Japan
| | - Fumina Ohno
- Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology, Ishikawa Prefectural University, 1-308 Suematsu, Nonoichi, Ishikawa, 921-8836, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Sasaki
- Industrial Research Institute of Ishikawa, 2-1 Kuratsuki, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8203, Japan
| | - Jun Ishii
- Organization of Advanced Science and Technology, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Akihiko Kondo
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Norihiko Misawa
- Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology, Ishikawa Prefectural University, 1-308 Suematsu, Nonoichi, Ishikawa, 921-8836, Japan.
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Sonntag F, Kroner C, Lubuta P, Peyraud R, Horst A, Buchhaupt M, Schrader J. Engineering Methylobacterium extorquens for de novo synthesis of the sesquiterpenoid α-humulene from methanol. Metab Eng 2015; 32:82-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2015.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Revised: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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35
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Alemdar S, Hartwig S, Frister T, König JC, Scheper T, Beutel S. Heterologous Expression, Purification, and Biochemical Characterization of α-Humulene Synthase from Zingiber zerumbet Smith. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2015; 178:474-89. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-015-1888-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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36
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Gonzalez V, Touchet S, Grundy DJ, Faraldos JA, Allemann RK. Evolutionary and Mechanistic Insights from the Reconstruction of α-Humulene Synthases from a Modern (+)-Germacrene A Synthase. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:14505-12. [DOI: 10.1021/ja5066366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Gonzalez
- School of Chemistry and ‡Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School
of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Sabrina Touchet
- School of Chemistry and ‡Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School
of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel J. Grundy
- School of Chemistry and ‡Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School
of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Juan A. Faraldos
- School of Chemistry and ‡Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School
of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Rudolf K. Allemann
- School of Chemistry and ‡Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School
of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
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37
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Afzal A, Oriqat G, Akram Khan M, Jose J, Afzal M. Chemistry and Biochemistry of Terpenoids fromCurcumaand Related Species. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/22311866.2013.782757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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38
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Koo HJ, Gang DR. Suites of terpene synthases explain differential terpenoid production in ginger and turmeric tissues. PLoS One 2012; 7:e51481. [PMID: 23272109 PMCID: PMC3525583 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2012] [Accepted: 11/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The essential oils of ginger (Zingiber officinale) and turmeric (Curcuma longa) contain a large variety of terpenoids, some of which possess anticancer, antiulcer, and antioxidant properties. Despite their importance, only four terpene synthases have been identified from the Zingiberaceae family: (+)-germacrene D synthase and (S)-β-bisabolene synthase from ginger rhizome, and α-humulene synthase and β-eudesmol synthase from shampoo ginger (Zingiber zerumbet) rhizome. We report the identification of 25 mono- and 18 sesquiterpene synthases from ginger and turmeric, with 13 and 11, respectively, being functionally characterized. Novel terpene synthases, (-)-caryolan-1-ol synthase and α-zingiberene/β-sesquiphellandrene synthase, which is responsible for formation of the major sesquiterpenoids in ginger and turmeric rhizomes, were also discovered. These suites of enzymes are responsible for formation of the majority of the terpenoids present in these two plants. Structures of several were modeled, and a comparison of sets of paralogs suggests how the terpene synthases in ginger and turmeric evolved. The most abundant and most important sesquiterpenoids in turmeric rhizomes, (+)-α-turmerone and (+)-β-turmerone, are produced from (-)-α-zingiberene and (-)-β-sesquiphellandrene, respectively, via α-zingiberene/β-sesquiphellandrene oxidase and a still unidentified dehydrogenase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jo Koo
- Department of Plant Sciences and Bio5 Institute, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - David R. Gang
- Department of Plant Sciences and Bio5 Institute, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
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Irmisch S, Krause ST, Kunert G, Gershenzon J, Degenhardt J, Köllner TG. The organ-specific expression of terpene synthase genes contributes to the terpene hydrocarbon composition of chamomile essential oils. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2012; 12:84. [PMID: 22682202 PMCID: PMC3423072 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2229-12-84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2012] [Accepted: 06/01/2012] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The essential oil of chamomile, one of the oldest and agronomically most important medicinal plant species in Europe, has significant antiphlogistic, spasmolytic and antimicrobial activities. It is rich in chamazulene, a pharmaceutically active compound spontaneously formed during steam distillation from the sesquiterpene lactone matricine. Chamomile oil also contains sesquiterpene alcohols and hydrocarbons which are produced by the action of terpene synthases (TPS), the key enzymes in constructing terpene carbon skeletons. RESULTS Here, we present the identification and characterization of five TPS enzymes contributing to terpene biosynthesis in chamomile (Matricaria recutita). Four of these enzymes were exclusively expressed in above-ground organs and produced the common terpene hydrocarbons (-)-(E)-β-caryophyllene (MrTPS1), (+)-germacrene A (MrTPS3), (E)-β-ocimene (MrTPS4) and (-)-germacrene D (MrTPS5). A fifth TPS, the multiproduct enzyme MrTPS2, was mainly expressed in roots and formed several Asteraceae-specific tricyclic sesquiterpenes with (-)-α-isocomene being the major product. The TPS transcript accumulation patterns in different organs of chamomile were consistent with the abundance of the corresponding TPS products isolated from these organs suggesting that the spatial regulation of TPS gene expression qualitatively contribute to terpene composition. CONCLUSIONS The terpene synthases characterized in this study are involved in the organ-specific formation of essential oils in chamomile. While the products of MrTPS1, MrTPS2, MrTPS4 and MrTPS5 accumulate in the oils without further chemical alterations, (+)-germacrene A produced by MrTPS3 accumulates only in trace amounts, indicating that it is converted into another compound like matricine. Thus, MrTPS3, but also the other TPS genes, are good markers for further breeding of chamomile cultivars rich in pharmaceutically active essential oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Irmisch
- Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University, Hoher Weg 8, Halle 06120, Germany
- Current address: Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Strasse 8, Jena 07745, Germany
| | - Sandra T Krause
- Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University, Hoher Weg 8, Halle 06120, Germany
| | - Grit Kunert
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Strasse 8, Jena 07745, Germany
| | - Jonathan Gershenzon
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Strasse 8, Jena 07745, Germany
| | - Jörg Degenhardt
- Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University, Hoher Weg 8, Halle 06120, Germany
| | - Tobias G Köllner
- Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University, Hoher Weg 8, Halle 06120, Germany
- Current address: Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Strasse 8, Jena 07745, Germany
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Xie X, Kirby J, Keasling JD. Functional characterization of four sesquiterpene synthases from Ricinus communis (castor bean). PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2012; 78:20-8. [PMID: 22459969 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2012.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2011] [Revised: 02/16/2012] [Accepted: 02/27/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Genome sequence analysis of Ricinus communis has indicated the presence of at least 22 putative terpene synthase (TPS) genes, 13 of which appear to encode sesquiterpene synthases (SeTPSs); however, no SeTPS genes have been isolated from this plant to date. cDNAs were recovered for six SeTPS candidates, and these were subjected to characterization in vivo and in vitro. The RcSeTPS candidates were expressed in either Escherichia coli or Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains with engineered sesquiterpene biosynthetic pathways, but only two (RcSeTPS1 and RcSeTPS7) produced detectable levels of product. In order to check whether the engineered microbial hosts were adequately engineered for sesquiterpene production, a selection of SeTPS genes was chosen from other plant species and demonstrated consistently high sesquiterpene titers. Activity could be demonstrated in vitro for two of the RcSeTPS candidates (RcSeTPS5 and RcSeTPS10) that were not observed to be functional in our microbial hosts. RcSeTPS1 produced two products, (-)-α-copaene and (+)-δ-cadinene, while RcSeTPS7 produced a single product, (E, E)-α-farnesene. Both RcSeTPS5 and RcSeTPS10 produced multiple sesquiterpenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinkai Xie
- California Institute of Quantitative Biosciences (QB3), University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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Misawa N. Pathway engineering for functional isoprenoids. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2011; 22:627-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2011.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2011] [Revised: 01/13/2011] [Accepted: 01/17/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Okamoto S, Yu F, Harada H, Okajima T, Hattan JI, Misawa N, Utsumi R. A short-chain dehydrogenase involved in terpene metabolism from Zingiber zerumbet. FEBS J 2011; 278:2892-900. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2011.08211.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Harada H, Shindo K, Iki K, Teraoka A, Okamoto S, Yu F, Hattan JI, Utsumi R, Misawa N. Efficient functional analysis system for cyanobacterial or plant cytochromes P450 involved in sesquiterpene biosynthesis. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2011; 90:467-76. [PMID: 21229242 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-010-3062-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2010] [Revised: 11/20/2010] [Accepted: 12/05/2010] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Tractable plasmids (pAC-Mv-based plasmids) for Escherichia coli were constructed, which carried a mevalonate-utilizing gene cluster, towards an efficient functional analysis of cytochromes P450 involved in sesquiterpene biosynthesis. They included genes coding for a series of redox partners that transfer the electrons from NAD(P)H to a P450 protein. The redox partners used were ferredoxin reductases (CamA and NsRED) and ferredoxins (CamB and NsFER), which are derived from Pseudomonas putida and cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. strain PCC 7120, respectively, as well as three higher-plant NADPH-P450 reductases, the Arabidopsis thaliana ATR2 and two corresponding enzymes derived from ginger (Zingiber officinale), named ZoRED1 and ZoRED2. We also constructed plasmids for functional analysis of two P450s, α-humulene-8-hydroxylase (CYP71BA1) from shampoo ginger (Zingiber zerumbet) and germacrene A hydroxylase (P450NS; CYP110C1) from Nostoc sp. PCC 7120, and co-transformed E. coli with each of the pAC-Mv-based plasmids. Production levels of 8-hydroxy-α-humulene with recombinant E. coli cells (for CYP71BA1) were 1.5- to 2.3-fold higher than that of a control strain without the mevalonate-pathway genes. Level of the P450NS product with the combination of NsRED and NsFER was 2.9-fold higher than that of the CamA and CamB. The predominant product of P450NS was identified as 1,2,3,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydro-6-isopropenyl-4,8a-dimethylnaphth-1-ol with NMR analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisashi Harada
- Central Laboratories for Frontier Technology, Kirin Holdings Co. Ltd., i-BIRD, Suematsu, Ishikawa 921-8836, Japan
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Yu F, Okamoto S, Harada H, Yamasaki K, Misawa N, Utsumi R. Zingiber zerumbet CYP71BA1 catalyzes the conversion of α-humulene to 8-hydroxy-α-humulene in zerumbone biosynthesis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2011; 68:1033-40. [PMID: 20730551 PMCID: PMC11114803 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-010-0506-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2010] [Revised: 08/03/2010] [Accepted: 08/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Plant cytochrome P450s are involved in the biosynthesis of various classes of secondary metabolites. To elucidate the biosynthesis of zerumbone, a sesquiterpenoid with multiple potential anticancer properties, a family of P450 genes expressed in rhizomes of Zingiber zerumbet Smith, were cloned using a PCR-based cloning strategy. After functional expression in yeast, one of these P450s was found to convert α-humulene into 8-hydroxy-α-humulene, a proposed intermediate of zerumbone biosynthesis. This P450 has been designated CYP71BA1, a new member of the CYP71 family. CYP71BA1 transcripts were detected almost exclusively in rhizomes and showed a similar expression pattern to ZSS1 transcripts during rhizome development. Coexpression of a gene cluster encoding four enzymes of the mevalonate pathway with CYP71BA1 and ZSS1 in Escherichia coli leads to the production of 8-hydroxy-α-humulene in the presence of mevalonate, suggesting the possibility of microbial production of this zerumbone intermediate from a relatively simple carbon source by metabolic engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengnian Yu
- Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kinki University, Nakamachi, Nara, 631-8505 Japan
| | - Sho Okamoto
- Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kinki University, Nakamachi, Nara, 631-8505 Japan
| | - Hisashi Harada
- Central Laboratories for Frontier Technology, Kirin Holdings Co., Ltd, i-BIRD 3-570, Suematsu, Nonoichi, Ishikawa, 921-8836 Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Yamasaki
- Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kinki University, Nakamachi, Nara, 631-8505 Japan
| | - Norihiko Misawa
- Central Laboratories for Frontier Technology, Kirin Holdings Co., Ltd, i-BIRD 3-570, Suematsu, Nonoichi, Ishikawa, 921-8836 Japan
| | - Ryutaro Utsumi
- Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kinki University, Nakamachi, Nara, 631-8505 Japan
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Fujisawa M, Harada H, Kenmoku H, Mizutani S, Misawa N. Cloning and characterization of a novel gene that encodes (S)-beta-bisabolene synthase from ginger, Zingiber officinale. PLANTA 2010; 232:121-30. [PMID: 20229191 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-010-1137-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2009] [Accepted: 02/22/2010] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Ginger, Zingiber officinale Roscoe, contains a fragrant oil mainly composed of sesquiterpenes and monoterpenes. We isolated a cDNA that codes for a sesquiterpene synthase from young rhizomes of ginger, Z. officinale Roscoe, Japanese cultivar "Kintoki". The cDNA, designated ZoTps1, potentially encoded a protein that comprised 550 amino acid residues and exhibited 49-53% identity with those of the sesquiterpene synthases already isolated from the genus Zingiber. Recombinant Escherichia coli cells, in which ZoTps1 was coexpressed along with genes for D-mevalonate utilization, resulted in the production of a sesquiterpene (S)-beta-bisabolene exclusively with a D-mevalonolactone supplement. This result indicated that ZoTps1 was the (S)-beta-bisabolene synthase gene in ginger. ZoTPS1 was suggested to catalyze (S)-beta-bisabolene formation with the conversion of farnesyl diphosphate to nerolidyl diphosphate followed by the cyclization between position 1 and 6 carbons. The ZoTps1 transcript was detected in young rhizomes, but not in leaves, roots and mature rhizomes of the ginger "Kintoki".
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Fujisawa
- Central Laboratories for Frontier Technology, Kirin Holdings Co. Ltd., i-BIRD, Nonoichi, Ishikawa, Japan
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Nagegowda DA. Plant volatile terpenoid metabolism: Biosynthetic genes, transcriptional regulation and subcellular compartmentation. FEBS Lett 2010; 584:2965-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2010.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2010] [Revised: 05/20/2010] [Accepted: 05/21/2010] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Baby S, Dan M, Thaha ARM, Johnson AJ, Kurup R, Balakrishnapillai P, Lim CK. High content of zerumbone in volatile oils ofZingiber zerumbetfrom southern India and Malaysia. FLAVOUR FRAG J 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ffj.1940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Degenhardt J, Köllner TG, Gershenzon J. Monoterpene and sesquiterpene synthases and the origin of terpene skeletal diversity in plants. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2009; 70:1621-37. [PMID: 19793600 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2009.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 596] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2009] [Revised: 07/23/2009] [Accepted: 07/24/2009] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The multitude of terpene carbon skeletons in plants is formed by enzymes known as terpene synthases. This review covers the monoterpene and sesquiterpene synthases presenting an up-to-date list of enzymes reported and evidence for their ability to form multiple products. The reaction mechanisms of these enzyme classes are described, and information on how terpene synthase proteins mediate catalysis is summarized. Correlations between specific amino acid motifs and terpene synthase function are described, including an analysis of the relationships between active site sequence and cyclization type and a discussion of whether specific protein features might facilitate multiple product formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Degenhardt
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Institute for Pharmacy, Halle/Saale, Germany.
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Yu F, Utsumi R. Diversity, regulation, and genetic manipulation of plant mono- and sesquiterpenoid biosynthesis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2009; 66:3043-52. [PMID: 19547916 PMCID: PMC11115753 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-009-0066-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2009] [Revised: 05/28/2009] [Accepted: 06/05/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Among plant secondary metabolites, terpenoids are the most abundant and structurally diverse group. In addition to their important roles in pollinator attraction and direct and indirect plant defense, terpenoids are also commercially valuable due to their broad applications in the cosmetic, food, and pharmaceutical industries. Because of their functional versatility and wide distribution, great efforts have been made to decipher terpenoid biosynthetic pathways, to investigate the molecular mechanism determining their structural diversity, and to understand their biosynthetic regulation. Recent progress on the manipulation of terpenoid production in transgenic plants not only holds considerable promise for improving various plant traits and crop protection but also increases our understanding of the significance of terpenoid metabolites in mediating plant-environment interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengnian Yu
- Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kinki University, Nakamachi, Nara 631-8505 Japan
| | - Ryutaro Utsumi
- Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kinki University, Nakamachi, Nara 631-8505 Japan
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Harada H, Misawa N. Novel approaches and achievements in biosynthesis of functional isoprenoids in Escherichia coli. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2009; 84:1021-31. [PMID: 19672590 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-009-2166-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2009] [Revised: 07/01/2009] [Accepted: 07/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Isoprenoids, also referred to as terpenes, are the most diverse class of natural products appearing in a variety of natural sources, specifically in higher plants, and have a wide range of biological functions. This review describes novel or recent approaches and achievements in pathway engineering of Escherichia coli towards efficient biosynthesis of functional isoprenoids, specifically carotenoids and sesquiterpene, following description of "regularity and simplicity" in the biosynthesis of isoprenoid basic structures. The introduction of heterologous mevalonate pathway-based genes into E. coli has been shown to improve the productivity of carotenoids or sesquiterpenes that are synthesized from farnesyl diphosphate. This achievement also enables relevant researchers to efficiently analyze an isolated gene candidate for a terpene synthase (terpene cyclase).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisashi Harada
- Central Laboratories for Frontier Technology, Kirin Holdings Co., Ltd., i-BIRD, Suematsu, Nonoichi-machi, Ishikawa, Japan
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