1
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Grunberg RL, Braat M, Bolnick DI. Elemental content of a host-parasite relationship in the threespine stickleback. Oecologia 2024; 204:427-437. [PMID: 37358647 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-023-05405-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Parasite infections are ubiquitous and their effects on hosts could play a role in ecosystem processes. Ecological stoichiometry provides a framework to study linkages between consumers and their resource, such as parasites and their host, and ecosystem process; however, the stoichiometric traits of host-parasite associations are rarely quantified. Specifically, it is unclear whether parasites' elemental ratios closely resemble those of their host or if infection is related to host stoichiometry, especially in vertebrate hosts. To answer such questions, we measured the elemental content (%C, %N, and %P) and molar ratios (C:N, C:P, and N:P) of parasitized and unparasitized Gasterosteus aculeatus (three-spined stickleback) and their cestode parasite, Schistocephalus solidus. Host and parasite elemental content were distinct from each other, and parasites were generally higher in %C and lower in %N and %P. Parasite infections were related to host C:N, with infected hosts being lower in C:N. Parasite elemental content was independent of their host, but parasite body mass and parasite density were important drivers of parasite stoichiometry. Overall, these potential effects of parasite infections on host stoichiometry along with parasites' distinct elemental compositions suggest parasites may further contribute to differences in how individual hosts store and recycle nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita L Grunberg
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Megan Braat
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Daniel I Bolnick
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
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2
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Downs KN, Kelly PT, Ascanio A, Vanni MJ. Ontogenetic variation in the ecological stoichiometry of 10 fish species during early development. Ecology 2023; 104:e4176. [PMID: 37782823 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.4176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
The chemical composition and stoichiometry of vertebrate bodies changes greatly during ontogeny as phosphorus-rich bones form, but we know little about the variation among species during early development. Such variation is important because element ratios in animal bodies influence which element limits growth and how animals contribute to nutrient cycling. We quantified ontogenetic variation from embryos through 2-3 months of age in 10 species of fish in six different families, ranging in adult size from 73 to 720 mm in length. We measured whole-body concentrations (percentage of dry mass) and ratios of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) as fish developed. We also quantified whole-body concentrations of calcium (Ca), because Ca should reflect bone development, and RNA, which can be a major pool of body P. To account for interspecific differences in adult size, we also examined how trends changed with relative size, defined as body length divided by adult length. Ontogenetic changes in body composition and ratios were relatively similar among species and were more similar when expressed as a function of relative size compared to age. Body P increased rapidly in all species (likely because of bone development) from embryos until individuals were ~5%-8% of adult size. Body N also increased, while body C, C:N, C:P, and N:P all decreased over this period. Body Ca increased with development but was more variable among species. Body RNA was low in embryos, increased rapidly in young larvae, then decreased as fish reached 5%-8% of adult size. After fish were about 5%-8% of adult size, changes in body composition were relatively slight for all elements and ratios. These results reveal a consistency in the dynamics of body stoichiometry during early ontogeny, presumably because of similar constraints on the allocation of elements to bones and other body pools. Because most changes occur when individuals are <1 month old (<10% of adult size for that species), early ontogenetic variation in body stoichiometry may be especially important for growth limitation of individuals and ecosystem-level nutrient cycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsea N Downs
- Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, USA
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3
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Musin G, Torres MV, Carvalho DDA. Consumer-driven nutrient recycling of freshwater decapods: Linking ecological theories and application in integrated multitrophic aquaculture. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0262972. [PMID: 37883508 PMCID: PMC10602317 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The Metabolic Theory of Ecology (MTE) and the Ecological Stoichiometry Theory (EST) are central and complementary in the consumer-driven recycling conceptual basis. The understanding of physiological processes of organisms is essential to explore and predict nutrient recycling behavior, and to design integrated productive systems that efficiently use the nutrient inputs through an adjusted mass balance. We fed with fish-feed three species of decapods (prawn, anomuran, crab) from different families and with aquacultural potential to explore the animal-mediated nutrient dynamic and its applicability in productive systems. We tested whether body mass, body elemental content, and feeds predict N and P excretion rates and ratios within taxa. We also verified if body content scales allometrically with body mass within taxa. Finally, we compared the nutrient excretion rates and body elemental content among taxa. N excretion rates of prawns and anomurans were negatively related to body mass, emphasizing the importance of MTE. Feed interacted with body mass to explain P excretion of anomurans and N excretion of crabs. Body C:N content positively scaled with body mass in prawns and crabs. Among taxa, prawns mineralised more N and N:P, and less P, and exhibited higher N and C body content (and lower C:N) than the other decapods. Body P and N:P content were different among all species. Body content and body mass were the main factors that explained the differences among taxa and influence the role of crustaceans as nutrient recyclers. These features should be considered to select complementary species that efficiently use feed resources. Prawns need more protein in feed and might be integrated with fish of higher N-requirements, in contrast to crabs and anomurans. Our study contributed to the background of MTE and EST through empirical data obtained from decapods and it provided insightful information to achieve more efficient aquaculture integration systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Musin
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología, CONICET and Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - María Victoria Torres
- Centro de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica a la Producción, CONICET, Diamante, Entre Ríos, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencia y Técnica, Universidad Autónoma de Entre Ríos, Entre Ríos, Argentina
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4
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Eriksson BK, Yanos C, Bourlat SJ, Donadi S, Fontaine MC, Hansen JP, Jakubavičiūtė E, Kiragosyan K, Maan ME, Merilä J, Austin ÅN, Olsson J, Reiss K, Sundblad G, Bergström U, Eklöf JS. Habitat segregation of plate phenotypes in a rapidly expanding population of three‐spined stickleback. Ecosphere 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Britas Klemens Eriksson
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life‐Sciences, GELIFES University of Groningen Nijenborgh 7 Groningen9747 AGThe Netherlands
| | - Casey Yanos
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life‐Sciences, GELIFES University of Groningen Nijenborgh 7 Groningen9747 AGThe Netherlands
| | - Sarah J. Bourlat
- Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig Adenauerallee 160 Bonn53113Germany
| | - Serena Donadi
- Department of Aquatic Resources Swedish University of Agricultural Science Drottningholm Sweden
| | - Michael C. Fontaine
- MIVEGEC CNRS IRD Univ. Montpellier Montpellier France
- Centre de Recherche en Ecologie et Evolution de la Santé (CREES) Montpellier France
| | | | | | - Karine Kiragosyan
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life‐Sciences, GELIFES University of Groningen Nijenborgh 7 Groningen9747 AGThe Netherlands
| | - Martine E. Maan
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life‐Sciences, GELIFES University of Groningen Nijenborgh 7 Groningen9747 AGThe Netherlands
| | - Juha Merilä
- Ecological Genetics Research Unit, Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme Faculty Biological & Environmental Sciences University of Helsinki PO Box 65 HelsinkiFI‐00014Finland
- Research Division of Ecology & Biodiversity University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Åsa N. Austin
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences Stockholm University Sweden
| | - Jens Olsson
- Department of Aquatic Resources Swedish University of Agricultural Science Drottningholm Sweden
| | - Katrin Reiss
- Faculty for Biosciences and Aquaculture Nord University Bodø8049Norway
| | - Göran Sundblad
- Department of Aquatic Resources Swedish University of Agricultural Science Drottningholm Sweden
| | - Ulf Bergström
- Department of Aquatic Resources Swedish University of Agricultural Science Drottningholm Sweden
| | - Johan S. Eklöf
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences Stockholm University Sweden
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5
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Knapp DD, Smith LL, Atkinson CL. Larval anurans follow predictions of stoichiometric theory: implications for nutrient storage in wetlands. Ecosphere 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel D. Knapp
- Department of Biological Sciences The University of Alabama 1325 Science and Engineering Complex Tuscaloosa Alabama 35487 USA
- Jones Center at Ichauway 3988 Jones Center Drive Newton Georgia 39870 USA
| | - Lora L. Smith
- Jones Center at Ichauway 3988 Jones Center Drive Newton Georgia 39870 USA
| | - Carla L. Atkinson
- Department of Biological Sciences The University of Alabama 1325 Science and Engineering Complex Tuscaloosa Alabama 35487 USA
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6
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Zandonà E, Moraes M, Neres‐Lima V, Dalton CM, Flecker AS, Mazzoni R. Differences in nutrient mineralisation between native and invasive grazing catfish during the invasion process. AUSTRAL ECOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/aec.12978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Zandonà
- Departamento de Ecologia Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Rua São Francisco Xavier 524 Rio de Janeiro RJ20550‐013Brazil
| | - Maíra Moraes
- Departamento de Ecologia Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Rua São Francisco Xavier 524 Rio de Janeiro RJ20550‐013Brazil
- Universidade Veiga de Almeida Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil
| | - Vinicius Neres‐Lima
- Departamento de Ecologia Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Rua São Francisco Xavier 524 Rio de Janeiro RJ20550‐013Brazil
| | - Christopher M. Dalton
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Cornell University Ithaca New York USA
| | - Alexander S. Flecker
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Cornell University Ithaca New York USA
| | - Rosana Mazzoni
- Departamento de Ecologia Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Rua São Francisco Xavier 524 Rio de Janeiro RJ20550‐013Brazil
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7
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Archambeault SL, Durston DJ, Wan A, El-Sabaawi RW, Matthews B, Peichel CL. Phosphorus limitation does not drive loss of bony lateral plates in freshwater stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus). Evolution 2020; 74:2088-2104. [PMID: 32537747 PMCID: PMC7773418 DOI: 10.1111/evo.14044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Connecting the selective forces that drive the evolution of phenotypes to their underlying genotypes is key to understanding adaptation, but such connections are rarely tested experimentally. Threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) are a powerful model for such tests because genotypes that underlie putatively adaptive traits have been identified. For example, a regulatory mutation in the Ectodysplasin (Eda) gene causes a reduction in the number of bony armor plates, which occurs rapidly and repeatedly when marine sticklebacks invade freshwater. However, the source of selection on plate loss in freshwater is unknown. Here, we tested whether dietary reduction of phosphorus can account for selection on plate loss due to a growth advantage of low-plated fish in freshwater. We crossed marine fish heterozygous for the 16 kilobase freshwater Eda haplotype and compared the growth of offspring with different genotypes under contrasting levels of dietary phosphorus in both saltwater and freshwater. Eda genotype was not associated with growth differences in any treatment, or with mechanisms that could mitigate the impacts of phosphorus limitation, such as differential phosphorus deposition, phosphorus excretion, or intestine length. This study highlights the importance of experimentally testing the putative selective forces acting on phenotypes and their underlying genotypes in the wild.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie L. Archambeault
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Divisions of Basic Sciences and Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Alex Wan
- Aquaculture Nutrition and Aquafeed Research Unit (ANARU), Carna Research Station, Ryan Institute, NUI Galway, Ireland
| | | | - Blake Matthews
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Biogeochemistry, Kastanienbaum, Switzerland
| | - Catherine L. Peichel
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Divisions of Basic Sciences and Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
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8
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Allgeier JE, Wenger S, Layman CA. Taxonomic identity best explains variation in body nutrient stoichiometry in a diverse marine animal community. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13718. [PMID: 32792497 PMCID: PMC7426267 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67881-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal-mediated nutrient dynamics are critical processes in ecosystems. Previous research has found animal-mediated nutrient supply (excretion) to be highly predictable based on allometric scaling, but similar efforts to find universal predictive relationships for an organism’s body nutrient content have been inconclusive. We use a large dataset from a diverse tropical marine community to test three frameworks for predicting body nutrient content. We show that body nutrient content does not follow allometric scaling laws and that it is not well explained by trophic status. Instead, we find strong support for taxonomic identity (particularly at the family level) as a predictor of body nutrient content, indicating that evolutionary history plays a crucial role in determining an organism’s composition. We further find that nutrients are “stoichiometrically linked” (e.g., %C predicts %N), but that the direction of these relationships does not always conform to expectations, especially for invertebrates. Our findings demonstrate that taxonomic identity, not trophic status or body size, is the best baseline from which to predict organismal body nutrient content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob E Allgeier
- Department of Ecology, and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Seth Wenger
- Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Craig A Layman
- Department of Applied Ecology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
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9
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Schiettekatte NMD, Barneche DR, Villéger S, Allgeier JE, Burkepile DE, Brandl SJ, Casey JM, Mercière A, Munsterman KS, Morat F, Parravicini V. Nutrient limitation, bioenergetics and stoichiometry: A new model to predict elemental fluxes mediated by fishes. Funct Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nina M. D. Schiettekatte
- PSL Université Paris: EPHE‐UPVD‐CNRS USR 3278 CRIOBE Université de Perpignan Perpignan France
- Laboratoire d'Excellence “CORAIL” Perpignan France
| | - Diego R. Barneche
- Australian Institute of Marine Science Crawley WA Australia
- Oceans InstituteThe University of Western Australia Crawley WA Australia
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Exeter Penryn UK
| | | | - Jacob E. Allgeier
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA
| | - Deron E. Burkepile
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology University of California Santa Barbara CA USA
- Marine Science Institute University of California Santa Barbara CA USA
| | - Simon J. Brandl
- Department of Biological Sciences Simon Fraser University Burnaby BC Canada
| | - Jordan M. Casey
- PSL Université Paris: EPHE‐UPVD‐CNRS USR 3278 CRIOBE Université de Perpignan Perpignan France
- Laboratoire d'Excellence “CORAIL” Perpignan France
| | - Alexandre Mercière
- PSL Université Paris: EPHE‐UPVD‐CNRS USR 3278 CRIOBE Université de Perpignan Perpignan France
- Laboratoire d'Excellence “CORAIL” Perpignan France
| | - Katrina S. Munsterman
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA
| | - Fabien Morat
- PSL Université Paris: EPHE‐UPVD‐CNRS USR 3278 CRIOBE Université de Perpignan Perpignan France
- Laboratoire d'Excellence “CORAIL” Perpignan France
| | - Valeriano Parravicini
- PSL Université Paris: EPHE‐UPVD‐CNRS USR 3278 CRIOBE Université de Perpignan Perpignan France
- Laboratoire d'Excellence “CORAIL” Perpignan France
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10
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Evangelista C, Diaz Pauli B, Vøllestad LA, Edeline E. Stoichiometric consequences of size-selective mortality: An experimental test using the Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 724:138193. [PMID: 32247139 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The determinants of intraspecific stoichiometric variation remain difficult to elucidate due to their multiple origins (e.g. genetic vs. environmental) and potential interactive effects. We evaluated whether two size-selected lines of medaka (Oryzias latipes) with contrasted life-history strategies (small- and large-breeder lines with slow growth and early maturity vs. fast growth and late maturity) differed in their organismal stoichiometry (percentage and ratios of carbon [C], nitrogen [N] and phosphorus [P]) in a mesocosm experiment. We also tested how size-selection interacted with environmental conditions (i.e. two levels of fish density and light intensity), body condition and sex. Results showed that large-breeder fish were significantly N-enriched compared to small-breeders, while the two size-selected lines did not differ in body P composition. Size-selection interacted with density - high density only affected small-breeders leading to decreasing %C and C: N - and with sex - large-breeder females had higher %C and C:N values than large-breeder males. Finally, C:P and N:P ratios increased with body condition due to decreasing %P. Overall, our results show that the ecological consequences of size-selective mortality extend to organismal stoichiometry and may, from there, change nutrient cycling and ecosystem functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Evangelista
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Beatriz Diaz Pauli
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Leif Asbjørn Vøllestad
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Eric Edeline
- Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, UPEC, CNRS, INRAE, IRD, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris (iEES-Paris), F-75252 Paris, France.; ESE, Ecology and Ecosystem Health, INRAE, Agrocampus-Ouest, Rennes, France
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11
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Diaz Pauli B, Edeline E, Evangelista C. Ecosystem consequences of multi-trait response to environmental changes in Japanese medaka, Oryzias latipes. CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 8:coaa011. [PMID: 32274061 PMCID: PMC7125048 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/coaa011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Intraspecific trait variation has large effects on the ecosystem and is greatly affected by human activities. To date, most studies focused on single-trait analyses, while considering multiple traits is expected to better predict how an individual interacts with its environment. Here, we used a mesocosm experiment with fish Oryzias latipes to test whether individual growth, boldness and functional traits (feeding rate and stoichiometric traits) formed one functional pace-of-life syndrome (POLS). We then tested the effects of among-individual mean and variance of fish functional POLSs within mesocosms on invertebrate community (e.g. zoobenthos and zooplankton abundances) and ecosystem processes (e.g. ecosystem metabolism, algae stock, nutrient concentrations). Stoichiometric traits correlated with somatic growth and behaviours, forming two independent functional POLS (i.e. two major covariance axes). Mean values of the first syndrome were sex- and environment-dependent and were associated with (i) long-term (10 generations; 4 years) selection for small or large body size resulting in contrasting life histories and (ii) short-term (6 weeks) effects of experimental treatments on resource availability (through manipulation of light intensity and interspecific competition). Specifically, females and individuals from populations selected for a small body size presented fast functional POLS with faster growth rate, higher carbon body content and lower boldness. Individuals exposed to low resources (low light and high competition) displayed a slow functional POLS. Higher mesocosm mean and variance values in the second functional POLS (i.e. high feeding rate, high carbon:nitrogen body ratio, low ammonium excretion rate) were associated to decreased prey abundances, but did not affect any of the ecosystem processes. We highlighted the presence of functional multi-trait covariation in medaka, which were affected by sex, long-term selection history and short-term environmental conditions, that ultimately had cascading ecological consequences. We stressed the need for applying this approach to better predict ecosystem response to anthropogenic global changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Diaz Pauli
- Department of Biosciences, Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Syntheses (CEES), University of Oslo, Blindernveien 31, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Eric Edeline
- ESE Ecology and Ecosystem Health, INRAE, Agocampus Ouest, 65 rue de Saint-Brieuc 35042 Rennes, France
| | - Charlotte Evangelista
- Department of Biosciences, Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Syntheses (CEES), University of Oslo, Blindernveien 31, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
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12
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Lemmen KD, Butler OM, Koffel T, Rudman SM, Symons CC. Stoichiometric Traits Vary Widely Within Species: A Meta-Analysis of Common Garden Experiments. Front Ecol Evol 2019. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2019.00339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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13
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Halvorson HM, Fuller CL, Entrekin SA, Scott JT, Evans-White MA. Interspecific homeostatic regulation and growth across aquatic invertebrate detritivores: a test of ecological stoichiometry theory. Oecologia 2019; 190:229-242. [PMID: 31062165 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-019-04409-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Across resource quality gradients, primary consumers must regulate homeostasis and release of nutrients to optimize growth and fitness. Based primarily on internal body composition, the ecological stoichiometry theory (EST) offers a framework to generalize interspecific patterns of these responses, yet the predictions and underlying assumptions of EST remain poorly tested across many species. We used controlled laboratory feeding experiments to measure homeostasis, nutrient release, and growth across seven field-collected aquatic invertebrate detritivore taxa fed wide resource carbon:nitrogen (C:N) and carbon:phosphorus (C:P) gradients. We found that most invertebrates exhibited strict stoichiometric homeostasis (average 1/H = - 0.018 and 0.026 for C:N and C:P, respectively), supporting assumptions of EST. However, the stoichiometry of new tissue production during growth intervals (growth stoichiometry) deviated - 30 to + 54% and - 145 to + 74% from initial body C:N and C:P, respectively, and across species, growth stoichiometry was not correlated with initial body stoichiometry. Notably, smaller non- and hemimetabolous invertebrates exhibited low, decreasing growth C:N and C:P, whereas larger holometabolous invertebrates exhibited high, often increasing growth C:N and C:P. Despite predictions of EST, interspecific sensitivity of egestion stoichiometry and growth rates to the resource gradient were weakly related to internal body composition across species. While the sensitivity of these patterns differed across taxa, such differences carried a weak phylogenetic signal and were not well predicted by EST. Our findings suggest that traits beyond internal body composition, such as feeding behavior, selective assimilation, and ontogeny, are needed to generalize interspecific patterns in consumer growth and nutrient release across resource quality gradients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halvor M Halvorson
- School of Biological, Environmental, and Earth Sciences, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, USA.
| | | | - Sally A Entrekin
- Department of Entomology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - J Thad Scott
- Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
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14
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Raffard A, Cucherousset J, Prunier JG, Loot G, Santoul F, Blanchet S. Variability of functional traits and their syndromes in a freshwater fish species ( Phoxinus phoxinus): The role of adaptive and nonadaptive processes. Ecol Evol 2019; 9:2833-2846. [PMID: 30891220 PMCID: PMC6405509 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.4961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional traits can covary to form "functional syndromes." Describing and understanding functional syndromes is an important prerequisite for predicting the effects of organisms on ecosystem functioning. At the intraspecific level, functional syndromes have recently been described, but very little is known about their variability among populations and-if they vary-what the ecological and evolutionary drivers of this variation are. Here, we quantified and compared the variability in four functional traits (body mass, metabolic rate, excretion rate, and boldness), their covariations and the subsequent syndromes among thirteen populations of a common freshwater fish (the European minnow, Phoxinus phoxinus). We then tested whether functional traits and their covariations, as well as the subsequent syndromes, were underpinned by the phylogenetic relatedness among populations (historical effects) or the local environment (i.e., temperature and predation pressure), and whether adaptive (selection or plasticity) or nonadaptive (genetic drift) processes sustained among-population variability. We found substantial among-population variability in functional traits and trait covariations, and in the emerging syndromes. We further found that adaptive mechanisms (plasticity and/or selection) related to water temperature and predation pressure modulated the covariation between body mass and metabolic rate. Other trait covariations were more likely driven by genetic drift, suggesting that nonadaptive processes can also lead to substantial differences in trait covariations among populations. Overall, we concluded that functional syndromes are population-specific, and that both adaptive and nonadaptive processes are shaping functional traits. Given the pivotal role of functional traits, differences in functional syndromes within species provide interesting perspectives regarding the role of intraspecific diversity for ecosystem functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan Raffard
- CNRS, UMR‐5321, Station d’Écologie Théorique et Expérimentale du CNRS à MoulisUniversité Toulouse III Paul SabatierMoulisFrance
- EcoLab, Université de ToulouseCNRS, INPT, UPSToulouseFrance
| | - Julien Cucherousset
- CNRS, UMR‐5174 EDB (Laboratoire Evolution & Diversité Biologique)Université Toulouse III Paul SabatierToulouseFrance
| | - Jérôme G. Prunier
- CNRS, UMR‐5321, Station d’Écologie Théorique et Expérimentale du CNRS à MoulisUniversité Toulouse III Paul SabatierMoulisFrance
| | - Géraldine Loot
- CNRS, UMR‐5174 EDB (Laboratoire Evolution & Diversité Biologique)Université Toulouse III Paul SabatierToulouseFrance
| | | | - Simon Blanchet
- CNRS, UMR‐5321, Station d’Écologie Théorique et Expérimentale du CNRS à MoulisUniversité Toulouse III Paul SabatierMoulisFrance
- CNRS, UMR‐5174 EDB (Laboratoire Evolution & Diversité Biologique)Université Toulouse III Paul SabatierToulouseFrance
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15
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Rudman SM, Goos JM, Burant JB, Brix KV, Gibbons TC, Brauner CJ, Jeyasingh PD. Ionome and elemental transport kinetics shaped by parallel evolution in threespine stickleback. Ecol Lett 2019; 22:645-653. [DOI: 10.1111/ele.13225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seth M. Rudman
- Department of Biology University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA
| | - Jared M. Goos
- Department of Integrative Biology Oklahoma State University Stillwater OK USA
| | - Joseph B. Burant
- Department of Integrative Biology University of Guelph Guelph ON Canada
| | - Kevin V. Brix
- Department of Marine Biology and Ecology University of Miami RSMAS Miami FL USA
| | - Taylor C. Gibbons
- Department of Zoology University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
| | - Colin J. Brauner
- Department of Zoology University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
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16
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Moody EK, Carson EW, Corman JR, Espinosa-Pérez H, Ramos J, Sabo JL, Elser JJ. Consumption explains intraspecific variation in nutrient recycling stoichiometry in a desert fish. Ecology 2018; 99:1552-1561. [PMID: 29882955 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Consumer-driven nutrient recycling can have substantial effects on primary production and patterns of nutrient limitation in aquatic ecosystems by altering the rates as well as the relative supplies of the key nutrients nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). While variation in nutrient recycling stoichiometry has been well-studied among species, the mechanisms that explain intraspecific variation in recycling N:P are not well-understood. We examined the relative importance of potential drivers of variation in nutrient recycling by the fish Gambusia marshi among aquatic habitats in the Cuatro Ciénegas basin of Coahuila, Mexico. There, G. marshi inhabits warm thermal springs with high predation pressure as well as cooler, surface runoff-fed systems with low predation pressure. We hypothesized that variation in food consumption among these habitats would drive intraspecific differences in excretion rates and N:P ratios. Stoichiometric models predicted that temperature alone should not cause substantial variation in excretion N:P, but that further reducing consumption rates should substantially increase excretion N:P. We performed temperature and diet ration manipulation experiments in the laboratory and found strong support for model predictions. We then tested these predictions in the field by measuring nutrient recycling rates and ratios as well as body stoichiometry of fish from nine sites that vary in temperature and predation pressure. Fish from warm, high-predation sites excreted nutrients at a lower N:P ratio than fish from cool, low-predation sites, consistent with the hypothesis that reduced consumption under reduced predation pressure had stronger consequences for P retention and excretion among populations than did variation in body stoichiometry. These results highlight the utility of stoichiometric models for predicting variation in consumer-driven nutrient recycling within a phenotypically variable species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric K Moody
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, 85287, USA
| | - Evan W Carson
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Bay-Delta Fish and Wildlife Office, Sacramento, California, 95814, USA
| | - Jessica R Corman
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, 85287, USA
| | - Hector Espinosa-Pérez
- Colecciόn Nacional de Peces, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autόnoma de México, México D.F, México
| | - Jorge Ramos
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, 85287, USA
| | - John L Sabo
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, 85287, USA
| | - James J Elser
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, 85287, USA.,Flathead Lake Biological Station, University of Montana, Polson, Montana, 59860, USA
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17
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Paccard A, Wasserman BA, Hanson D, Astorg L, Durston D, Kurland S, Apgar TM, El‐Sabaawi RW, Palkovacs EP, Hendry AP, Barrett RDH. Adaptation in temporally variable environments: stickleback armor in periodically breaching bar‐built estuaries. J Evol Biol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jeb.13264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Paccard
- Redpath Museum and Department of Biology McGill University Montreal QC Canada
| | - Ben A. Wasserman
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California Santa Cruz CA USA
| | - Dieta Hanson
- Redpath Museum and Department of Biology McGill University Montreal QC Canada
| | - Louis Astorg
- Pavillon des Sciences Biologiques Université du Québec à Montréal Montréal QC Canada
| | - Dan Durston
- Department of Biology University of Victoria Victoria BC Canada
| | - Sara Kurland
- Zoologiska Institutionen: Populations Genetik Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden
| | - Travis M. Apgar
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California Santa Cruz CA USA
| | | | - Eric P. Palkovacs
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California Santa Cruz CA USA
| | - Andrew P. Hendry
- Redpath Museum and Department of Biology McGill University Montreal QC Canada
| | - Rowan D. H. Barrett
- Redpath Museum and Department of Biology McGill University Montreal QC Canada
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18
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Low temperature and low salinity drive putatively adaptive growth differences in populations of threespine stickleback. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16766. [PMID: 29196675 PMCID: PMC5711929 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16919-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Colonisation can expose organisms to novel combinations of abiotic and biotic factors and drive adaptive divergence. Yet, studies investigating the interactive effects of multiple abiotic factors on the evolution of physiological traits remain rare. Here we examine the effects of low salinity, low temperature, and their interaction on the growth of three North American populations of threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus). In north-temperate freshwater habitats, stickleback populations experience a combination of low salinity and low winter temperatures that are not experienced by the ancestral marine and anadromous populations. Here we show that both salinity and temperature, and their interaction, have stronger negative effects on marine and anadromous populations than a freshwater population. Freshwater stickleback showed only a ~20% reduction in specific growth rate when exposed to 4 °C, while marine and anadromous stickleback showed sharp declines (82% and 74% respectively) under these conditions. The modest decreases in growth in freshwater stickleback in fresh water in the cold strongly suggest that this population has the capacity for physiological compensation to offset the negative thermodynamic effects of low temperature on growth. These results are suggestive of adaptive evolution in response to the interactive effects of low salinity and low temperature during freshwater colonisation.
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19
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Dalton CM, El-Sabaawi RW, Honeyfield DC, Auer SK, Reznick DN, Flecker AS. The influence of dietary and whole-body nutrient content on the excretion of a vertebrate consumer. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0187931. [PMID: 29176898 PMCID: PMC5703491 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In many contexts, nutrient excretion by consumers can impact ecosystems by altering the availability of limiting nutrients. Variation in nutrient excretion can be predicted by mass balance models, most of which are premised on two key ideas: (1) consumers maintain fixed whole-body nutrient content (i.e., %N and %P), so-called fixed homeostasis; (2) if dietary nutrients are not matched to whole-body nutrients, excesses of any nutrient are released as excretion to maintain fixed homeostasis. Mass balance models thus predict that consumer excretion should be positively correlated with diet nutrients and negatively correlated with whole-body nutrients. Recent meta-analyses and field studies, however, have often failed to find these expected patterns, potentially because of a confounding influence—flexibility in whole-body nutrient content with diet quality (flexible homeostasis). Here, we explore the impact of flexible homeostasis on nutrient excretion by comparing the N and P excretion of four genetically diverged Trinidadian guppy (Poecilia reticulata) populations when reared on diets of variable P content. As predicted by mass balance, P excretion increased on the high-P diet, but, contrary to the notion of fixed homeostasis, guppy whole-body %P also increased on the high-P diet. While there was no overall correlation between excretion nutrients and whole-body nutrients, when the effect of diet on both whole-body and excretion nutrients was included, we detected the expected negative correlation between whole-body N:P and excretion N:P. This last result suggests that mass balance can predict excretion rates within species, but only if dietary effects on whole-body nutrient content are controlled. Flexible homeostasis can obscure patterns predicted by mass balance, creating an imperative to accurately capture an organism’s diet quality in predicting its excretion rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M. Dalton
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Rana W. El-Sabaawi
- Department of Biology, University of Victoria, Victoria British Columbia, Canada
| | - Dale C. Honeyfield
- Northern Appalachian Research Lab, United States Geological Survey, Wellsboro, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Sonya K. Auer
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - David N. Reznick
- Department of Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, United States of America
| | - Alexander S. Flecker
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
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20
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El-Sabaawi RW. How Fishes Can Help Us Answer Important Questions about the Ecological Consequences of Evolution. COPEIA 2017. [DOI: 10.1643/ot-16-530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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21
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Durston DJ, El‐Sabaawi RW. Bony traits and genetics drive intraspecific variation in vertebrate elemental composition. Funct Ecol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.12919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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22
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Hovel RA, Carlson SM, Quinn TP. Climate change alters the reproductive phenology and investment of a lacustrine fish, the three-spine stickleback. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2017; 23:2308-2320. [PMID: 27901297 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
High-latitude lakes are particularly sensitive to the effects of global climate change, demonstrating earlier ice breakup, longer ice-free seasons, and increased water temperatures. Such physical changes have implications for diverse life-history traits in taxa across entire lake food webs. Here, we use a five-decade time series from an Alaskan lake to explore effects of climate change on growth and reproduction of a widely distributed lacustrine fish, the three-spine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus). We used multivariate autoregressive state-space (MARSS) models to describe trends in the mean length for multiple size classes and to explore the influence of physical (date of ice breakup, surface water temperature) and biological (density of con- and heterospecifics) factors. As predicted, mean size of age 1 and older fish at the end of the growing season increased across years with earlier ice breakup and warmer temperatures. In contrast, mean size of age 0 fish decreased over time. Overall, lower fish density and warmer water temperatures were associated with larger size for all cohorts. Earlier ice breakup was associated with larger size for age 1 and older fish but, paradoxically, with smaller size of age 0 fish. To explore this latter result, we used mixing models on age 0 size distributions, which revealed an additional cohort in years with early ice breakup, lowering the mean size of age 0 fish. Moreover, early ice breakup was associated with earlier breeding, evidenced by earlier capture of age 0 fish. Our results suggest that early ice breakup altered both timing and frequency of breeding; three-spine stickleback spawned earlier and more often in response to earlier ice breakup date. While previous studies have shown the influence of changing conditions in northern lakes on breeding timing and growth, this is the first to document increased breeding frequency, highlighting another pathway by which climate change can alter the ecology of northern lakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel A Hovel
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Box 355020, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Stephanie M Carlson
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy & Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Thomas P Quinn
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Box 355020, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
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23
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Leal MC, Best RJ, Durston D, El-Sabaawi RW, Matthews B. Stoichiometric traits of stickleback: Effects of genetic background, rearing environment, and ontogeny. Ecol Evol 2017; 7:2617-2625. [PMID: 28428852 PMCID: PMC5395448 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.2802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Revised: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenotypes can both evolve in response to, and affect, ecosystem change, but few examples of diverging ecosystem‐effect traits have been investigated. Bony armor traits of fish are good candidates for this because they evolve rapidly in some freshwater fish populations, and bone is phosphorus rich and likely to affect nutrient recycling in aquatic ecosystems. Here, we explore how ontogeny, rearing environment, and bone allocation among body parts affect the stoichiometric phenotype (i.e., stoichiometric composition of bodies and excretion) of threespine stickleback. We use two populations from distinct freshwater lineages with contrasting lateral plating phenotypes (full vs. low plating) and their hybrids, which are mostly fully plated. We found that ontogeny, rearing environment, and body condition were the most important predictors of organismal stoichiometry. Although elemental composition was similar between both populations and their hybrids, we found significant divergence in phosphorus allocation among body parts and in phosphorus excretion rates. Overall, body armor differences did not explain variation in whole body phosphorus, phosphorus allocation, or phosphorus excretion. Evolutionary divergence between these lineages in both allocation and excretion is likely to have important direct consequences for ecosystems, but may be mediated by evolution of multiple morphological or physiological traits beyond plating phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Costa Leal
- Department of Fish Ecology and Evolution Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Biogeochemistry Kastanienbaum Switzerland
| | - Rebecca J Best
- Department of Fish Ecology and Evolution Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Biogeochemistry Kastanienbaum Switzerland.,Department of Aquatic Ecology Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Biogeochemistry Kastanienbaum Switzerland
| | - Dan Durston
- Department of Biology University of Victoria Victoria BC Canada
| | | | - Blake Matthews
- Department of Aquatic Ecology Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Biogeochemistry Kastanienbaum Switzerland
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24
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Leal MC, Seehausen O, Matthews B. The Ecology and Evolution of Stoichiometric Phenotypes. Trends Ecol Evol 2016; 32:108-117. [PMID: 28017452 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2016.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Ecological stoichiometry has generated new insights into how the balance of elements affects ecological interactions and ecosystem processes, but little is known about the ecological and evolutionary dynamics of stoichiometric traits. Understanding the origins and drivers of stoichiometric trait variation between and within species will improve our understanding about the ecological responses of communities to environmental change and the ecosystem effects of organisms. In addition, studying the plasticity, heritability, and genetic basis of stoichiometric traits might improve predictions about how organisms adapt to changing environmental conditions, and help to identify interactions and feedbacks between phenotypic evolution and ecosystem processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel C Leal
- Department of Fish Ecology and Evolution, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag), Center for Ecology, Evolution, and Biogeochemistry, 6047 Kastanienbaum, Switzerland.
| | - Ole Seehausen
- Department of Fish Ecology and Evolution, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag), Center for Ecology, Evolution, and Biogeochemistry, 6047 Kastanienbaum, Switzerland; Division of Aquatic Ecology and Evolution, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Blake Matthews
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Eawag, Center for Ecology, Evolution, and Biogeochemistry, 6047 Kastanienbaum, Switzerland
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25
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Downs KN, Hayes NM, Rock AM, Vanni MJ, González MJ. Light and nutrient supply mediate intraspecific variation in the nutrient stoichiometry of juvenile fish. Ecosphere 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.1452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kelsea N. Downs
- Department of Biology Miami University Oxford Ohio 45056 USA
| | - Nicole M. Hayes
- Department of Biology Miami University Oxford Ohio 45056 USA
- Graduate Program in Ecology, Evolution, and Environmental Biology Miami University Oxford Ohio 45056 USA
| | - Amber M. Rock
- Department of Biology Miami University Oxford Ohio 45056 USA
- Graduate Program in Ecology, Evolution, and Environmental Biology Miami University Oxford Ohio 45056 USA
| | - Michael J. Vanni
- Department of Biology Miami University Oxford Ohio 45056 USA
- Graduate Program in Ecology, Evolution, and Environmental Biology Miami University Oxford Ohio 45056 USA
| | - María J. González
- Department of Biology Miami University Oxford Ohio 45056 USA
- Graduate Program in Ecology, Evolution, and Environmental Biology Miami University Oxford Ohio 45056 USA
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26
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Tuckett QM, Kinnison MT, Saros JE, Simon KS. Population divergence in fish elemental phenotypes associated with trophic phenotypes and lake trophic state. Oecologia 2016; 182:765-78. [PMID: 27568028 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-016-3714-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Studies of ecological stoichiometry typically emphasize the role of interspecific variation in body elemental content and the effects of species or family identity. Recent work suggests substantial variation in body stoichiometry can also exist within species. The importance of this variation will depend on insights into its origins and consequences at various ecological scales, including the distribution of elemental phenotypes across landscapes and their role in nutrient recycling. We investigated whether trophic divergence can produce predictable patterns of elemental phenotypes among populations of an invasive fish, the white perch (Morone americana), and whether elemental phenotypes predict nutrient excretion. White perch populations exhibited a gradient of trophic phenotypes associated with landscape-scale variation in lake trophic state. Perch body chemistry varied considerably among lakes (from 0.09 for % C to 0.31-fold for % P) casting doubt on the assumption of homogenous elemental phenotypes. This variation was correlated with divergence in fish body shape and other trophic traits. Elemental phenotypes covaried (r (2) up to 0.84) with lake trophic state. This covariation likely arose in contemporary time since many of these perch populations were introduced in the last century and the trophic state in many of the lakes has changed in the past few decades. Nutrient excretion varied extensively among populations, but was not readily related to fish body chemistry or lake trophic state. This suggests that predictable patterns of fish body composition can arise quickly through trophic specialization to lake conditions, but such elemental phenotypes may not translate to altered nutrient recycling by fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quenton M Tuckett
- School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 04469, USA. .,Tropical Aquaculture Laboratory, University of Florida, Ruskin, FL, 33570, USA.
| | - Michael T Kinnison
- School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 04469, USA
| | - Jasmine E Saros
- School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 04469, USA
| | - Kevin S Simon
- School of Environment, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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